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departments. The Medical Department of the Waffen SS showed itself to be very reserved, if not hostile? A.Yes, that is correct. Q.You showed yesterday, when you were giving evidence, a statement from November 1944, which bore the signature of Professor Handloser, as the Chief of the Wehrmacht Medical Services, and whic... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,215,000 | 1,215,500 |
responsible for all hospital space. This proposal was accepted, and was decided by Brandt, in my favor, and now I had to have a legitimation that I could ask every post physician to take care of the whole sector too. There was only one man of sufficient standing to demand that, that was Professor Handloser, and that wa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,215,450 | 1,215,950 |
and I remind you what terrible times there were and how great the worries were, Himmler who was setting up his new People's Grenadier Division wanted to have large replacements; and from some point of view, which I did not understand, he thought that in the hospitals there were an enormous number of "gold bricks" and p... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,215,900 | 1,216,400 |
Germany, and I had no personal connection with him at that time. He did not call me, he did not ask me anything about my lecture, and of course I did not go to see him. QLater on, on any other occasion, when you two met, there was an opportunity for you to discuss the question, which after all was very important to you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,216,350 | 1,216,850 |
strictest medical rules, which you thought were essential and which were regarded as essential by all the other doctors; is that so? AYes. QFrom your statements, I seem to reach the conclusion that these lectures on the experiments were given in front of a large body of surgeons, physicians, pathologists, etc., in orde... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,216,800 | 1,217,300 |
this Congress with five others and then presented, with all the clinical evidence so that someone would not go on an assumption that I forged the evidence and on the other hand, one would discuss it openly and frankly if it had any clinical value. QIt seems to me that what you had to say on this point, had you said so ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,217,250 | 1,217,750 |
said "prisoners condemned to death", do you agree with my other statements? A.Honestly, I was so shocked by the word "criminal" that I don't know exactly what I am agreeing with. This is something which I want to have quite clear in the interest of everyone. Please formulate that again carefully. I believe I explained ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,217,700 | 1,218,200 |
it at all. Roughly, in October, 1938, a meeting is said to have taken place with Hess at Hess' office. Hess was Hitler's deputy at the time. It was the meeting in Wilhelmstrasse in Berlin with Hess presiding. You are said to have been present at that meeting, and the main topic of that meeting is said to have been whet... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,218,150 | 1,218,650 |
fought for the superior concept of the doctor, for restrictions on medical practitioners, for keeping them under control but without schools and training new recruits -- that was the important thing -- the ideal was to let them die out and keep them under control. And I was called because Mr. Hess had been injured in t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,218,600 | 1,219,100 |
any case the health ministry was not created. There were two factions but it is quite impossible to remember the details. DR. SAUTER:Mr. President, I have no further questions but there is one mistake in the translation which I wish to correct. When I asked Dr. Gebhardt, I used the term "Stellvertretender Reichsaerztef... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,219,050 | 1,219,550 |
bad side here, but first of all we had grandiose names and arrangements and then appointed just anybody to fill the position, and whether he had the name of personal expert I do not know, but in the sense of the old ministerial expert who was present at all technical questions as I know from the days of my farther, tha... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,219,500 | 1,220,000 |
a bottle of cognac and I considered Mr. Brandt a little too stupid for that purpose. Q.One more question, Professor. Did you observe Brandt's health in all of these years? What can you tell us about this? A.I believe it happened several times that Brandt was either sent on leave, because of some suspicions of disease o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,219,950 | 1,220,450 |
came from Fischer. I remember it came from Berlin every time. It was not Mrugowsky. Q.Do you recall when these deliveries of culture began to be supplied for you and when they were finished? A.I can confirm the details only to the extent that the cultures were there when these experiments were conducted. They were ther... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,220,400 | 1,220,900 |
point in making an organization from the bottomall we needed was an organization from the top. Four weeks before I had been shot down from a plane, and had come back, there was no other consideration. I cannot remember that any other things were discussed. QThe defendant Genzken is also accused of his alleged participa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,220,850 | 1,221,350 |
Reichsarzt-SS - an experimental department V, which dealt with planning or carrying out of experiments, as it is alleged? ANo. How Grawitz carried out his service I don't know. I never heard of "Section V" or "planning." In my sulfonamide experiments I did the planning. I don't know anything else. QDid you at any time ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,221,300 | 1,221,800 |
experiments, most particularly Rascher's experiments. You further stated that you finally influenced Himmler to bring order out of chaos in 1944 and that a regulatory system for experiments was set up in which you played a part. All of this, plus your high official rank in the SS, and your knowledge of Himmler and mili... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,221,750 | 1,222,250 |
in touch with the concentration camp, to gain distance from this matter as soon as possible was so strong, and that there were cautious men who did not want to know anything about it so that no one might put questions to them -- that you can certainly not say that German medical men knew this or knew that. If that is t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,222,200 | 1,222,700 |
available. AWill you permit me to tell you that this is a type of question which one can only put if one does not know at all what the role played by concentration camps in Germany was. Believe me, there was a fight until the conception of anonymity and secrecy attached to concentration camps was overcome by me by my r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,222,650 | 1,223,150 |
think that one can only explain this by means of individual example or experiments as far as I know how they arose. First of all, you are making one principal mistake, to overestimate or underestimate information from Hitler or Himmler, according to how it fits into the particular stage of trial. The situation was cert... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,223,100 | 1,223,600 |
but it is quite sure that Brandt and Handloser, up above, were never touched with a general order, nor that they should look into the matter. At any rate, that never occurred in QYou testified that you were told of Hitler's decision, I believe, in connection that he made that decision after he had heard of Rascher's ex... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,223,550 | 1,224,050 |
Hitler, would he? ANow, that is something, just another question which I already turned to use, I already expected you to put it. That is half wrong and half right like all these things, and I am perfectly convinced that if Himmler had the wish to assist and if it was within his powers then he started whatever he could... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,224,000 | 1,224,500 |
matters because I only know what you have said here in court yourself. Some of the documents seem to confirm that we are concerned with air force experiments, but air force gentlemen have said it was purely Professor Hagen with Professor Hirt who carried out on these matters. At any rate Himmler's confirmation was also... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,224,450 | 1,224,950 |
while, but as commander in the Oldnel Waffen SS, a rank which is two groups below mine, he certainly never put in appearance. His position rated the same before as afterwards; you can draw your own conclusions from the individual case you want to present. QNow, you participated in an attempt to overthrow the Weimar Rep... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,224,900 | 1,225,400 |
become important. In 1923 I took no part in the party, nor within the SA as it existed at the time, and with Oberland which took part as a third section, but I was used as the medical officer on duty. I walked in the third row without anyone else, and I treated both the wounded of one party as well as those of the othe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,225,350 | 1,225,850 |
letter and then you may explain what they mean. It is a a letter from the witness Gebhardt to "Dear Heini Himmler", dated 12 May 1933. The first sentence reads: "Excuse me for requesting your help again as an old Landshut comrade. "I had an interview with you at the end of May 1933. You suggested at that time that I sh... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,225,800 | 1,226,300 |
told me in July 1933 by telephone that I had now been appointed by you?" I understand that to mean "appointed by the SS." AI know perfectly well that you are now trying to show me proof, how unreliable my testimony was, but I, at that time, wanted to be both in Denker's staff under the SS as well as Tschammer's staff i... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,226,250 | 1,226,750 |
1943. QWell, weren't you - THE PRESIDENT:Counsel - MR. McHANEY:Pardon me. THE PRESIDENT:Have you finished your examination in connection with this letter, signed by the witness under date of 12 May 1943? MR. McHANEY:Yes, I think I have, Your Honor. There are other letters- THE PRESIDENT:Well, with regard to that letter... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,226,700 | 1,227,200 |
1st of September. Q (By Mr. McHaney) Witness, going back to your position prior to August 1943, is it not true that you were immediately subordinated to Genzken as Chief of the Medical Services of the Waffen SS? AI have made efforts to describe this in such a way as to show that the part of my staff working for the Waf... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,227,150 | 1,227,650 |
name I am under the Waffen SS, but I am immediately coming to the Ahnenerbe." That's how I knew that Rascher was allowed to continue, and that since he had to be placed in some special organization he was put under Ahnenerbe. INTERPRETER FRANK:I didn't understand the last sentence of his answer. Perhaps you can have hi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,227,600 | 1,228,100 |
What is important is that he is evading me afterwards, stating that he can also apply himself to the hygiene department and other work which he had carried out secretly; I don't think that the word secret was used, I would have remembered that, and this work was carried out by the Luftwaffe. QYou do not remember whethe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,228,050 | 1,228,550 |
there is an expert doctor." If that's what -- if you are now stating that I am implicating myself, then it isn't true. It is certainly not the situation that Grawitz came to me with everything, nor is it the situation that Himnler was telling Grawitz everything, and don't you forget that after 1944 we were heading for ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,228,500 | 1,229,000 |
T-R-O-M-M-E-R? ANo. Professor Kramer of the Virchow Hospital. I thought you said Kramer. QDid you know Treito? AI met Treito here in Nurnberg, personally. We were here at the interrogations together and Treito said that he telephoned with me come from Ravensbruck because of a patient. I did not remember that myself but... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,228,950 | 1,229,450 |
an Aryan. Now, do you know whether Nebe had any of those criminals under his jurisdiction? A.In the first place, I am not convinced that your statement is true - that a person was condemned to death for Rassenschande. I heard that here for the first time. They were put in concentration camps for that. In principle, the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,229,400 | 1,229,900 |
of the war there was no clarification in this way in the German army just as in the case of others. There is no such absolute question in the clinical aspect. It is very simple to solve theoretically by setting up special units and special hospitals and sending them to the front and keeping the patient all the way thro... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,229,850 | 1,230,350 |
wound that does not mean that the same success will be obtained in wounds to joints. Is that the question? Q.That's right. That is what I understood you to state, and I am now asking you why you reached that conclusion, and if I remember it correctly, you said that it was because that the patient with the lung shot wou... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,230,300 | 1,230,800 |
you did not reach any definite agreement about precisely what was to be done with the survivors? All you knew was that they were to remain alive - whether still in the concentration camp or whether they would be completely released. Is that right? A.I told you that explicitly and I will repeat the whole thing. You assu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,230,750 | 1,231,250 |
as Rostock got the impression in 1943, that the experiment was substituted for a death sentence, irrespective of the consent? AI can only assure you, and if you ask me ten times, it was not my intention whether you considered that a negligence on my part, or not, I don't care; I would be lying if I told you anything el... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,231,200 | 1,231,700 |
and five, that I can not say for certain, that is right; in any case, it was not that we did not need all the figures which we had mentioned, and it is not to my knowledge; it is more or less the figure which the Poles know. QIn other words, you do remember that Nebe made available something like two-hundred and five P... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,231,650 | 1,232,150 |
the personnel. It said here that the secretary of the camp, and that they were called together, but we had nothing to do with the selection, and certainly Fischer never interfered in it, and never told me anything about it, and I myself did not make any selection. QBut you do concede that somebody exercised a selective... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,232,100 | 1,232,600 |
AYes. QWhat provision did you make for those women who were ill for months and years after the experiment, for example Kusmierscuk? AFirst I deny that they were sick for years. That is not true. Kusmierscuk was really the worst case of all, and she admitted that she was sick until about July or August. She had an absce... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,232,550 | 1,233,050 |
in regard to these matters, and I don't believe you answered the question. AI don't know what you mean by provisions. If you mean that in combatting the infection we were to consider the extent of the cosmetic damage, if I am to understand the question in that way, then of course not. QLet's make it very easy for you. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,233,000 | 1,233,500 |
in the experiments, and I certainly never sent any report at all to Genzken during the whole war. I wrote to him or called him up when I needed something. QYou didn't send a report to anybody outside of the SS? AOutside the SS, no certainly not. It could only have been Grawitz or Himmler, or Grawitz alone or Himmler re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,233,450 | 1,233,950 |
all, and Schreiber said that he learned this through official channels. I can only say I reported as I remember it. The question was the matter of publication, and now the two men deny it, and I can't say for sure. QAs you remember you stated it in this interrogation that your talk with Brandt and Rostock took place in... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,233,900 | 1,234,400 |
he says he only took it over at the meeting. This is possible and can be confirmed by Schreiber. On the other hand, it has been discussed back and forth so much I can only say right here that I testified to the best of my knowledge. Q.You also said, you talked to Brandt on this matter; Karl Brandt? A.The very first sta... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,234,350 | 1,234,850 |
not be proved that the course of the inflammatory diseases caused by anaerobions is influenced by sulfonamides. The sulfonamides seem to have an easing effect on the course of combined gangrene therapy." Now Doctor, can you state the conclusions reached in your experiments were adopted at this meeting in May of 1943 in... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,234,800 | 1,235,300 |
were right in the conclusions that you reached that sulfonamide wouldn't prevent infection in wounds, but I am asking you how successful you were in convincing other people, the other branches of the army, and I point to the directives here on page 31 of the document book, and it says that all surface wounds should be ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,235,250 | 1,235,750 |
is the clinical part of Frey summed up, and in the beginning is Gebhardt also summed up. I don't find Randerath. That was Frey's text. It says in the beginning "Frey" ten lines before. Q.Witness, I am not going to engage in any argument with you, but I am going to pass the original up to you, and, in my opinion, the or... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,235,700 | 1,236,200 |
with the conclusions reached by you in your experiments which you yourself have described as negative results? A.You must be convinced that both would not have been published next to each other if they had been in strict contrast. Then it would have been nonsense to publish them. It is not possible to prescribe to a su... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,236,150 | 1,236,650 |
know what was going on over there. Q.Didn't you assign Fischer work with Stumpfegger? A.No. I said Fischer was to work with Stumpfegger when we were still together if it was possible to help him. I don't know how far it had gotten in October. I was not there at the time QWell, to the extent that Fischer worked with Stu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,236,600 | 1,237,100 |
expect much from it. I certainly did not expect much from it. Please believe me in this. He came to a surprising conclusion. It is a matter of course that any experiments on human beings were only a matter that concerned Stumpfegger and had nothing to do with any other office. If I said something that leads to a differ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,237,050 | 1,237,550 |
back? A.No, we didn't got so far. There is a crescent-like incision; tho shoulderblade is removed; and then the muscles rise into that space so that the joint still remains movable. However, the raising of the arm above the horizontal is no longer possible when the shoulderblade is removed. This I observed on the patie... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,237,500 | 1,238,000 |
should have remembered it. But he did say that experiments were carried out on the prisoners there because I explained to him that unless he had front experience this was not necessary. But to the extent that you wish to see it, I do not believe it took place. Q.After your talk with him in May 1943 didn't you take step... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,237,950 | 1,238,450 |
point in my attitude." On the other hand, if you will take a look at the letter, the fact that I say "Comrade Brandt" doesn't mean that I was particularly friendly with him. That was just the custom. A good critical approach means a very critical approach. In his enclosed letter he emphasizes that the results which he ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,238,400 | 1,238,900 |
Rascher's Polygal experiments: "Where did these experiments take place? "Answer: "That I do not know. About the middle or end of 1942 Rascher came to see me in Hohenlychen. I remonstrated with him and asked him to tell Himmler that the application of this remedy involved the danger of bleeding to death. Rascher admitte... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,238,850 | 1,239,350 |
Q.We understand that Polygal was not mentioned when you met with Rascher in May 1943 at Hohenlychen. A.Quite, yes. Q.Now then, y u have stated in your interrogation, and I understand that you now admit that y u knew that Rascher had experimented with this blood coagulant Polygal by shooting inmates and I am asking you ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,239,300 | 1,239,800 |
can judge it." Q.What understanding was reached between you and Himmler at this meeting with respect to further medical experimentation on concentration camp inmates? A.It is quite clear that you would put this to me. Between a commanding officer and his subordinate it is not the custom, and coming from Himmler even le... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,239,750 | 1,240,250 |
but if you will put it before me, I shall be only too willing to discuss it with you with reference to what I still remember an what I begin to remember now; but independently of anything that you are putting before me, I still have an aim which, and I want to tie myself down to it is far as the things I am presenting ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,240,200 | 1,240,700 |
Grawitz, yes. In my opinion, that tallies precisely with what I have described. I had not recollected it, and. did not even know that it had been so clearly defined, as it is apparently in this letter. It shows quite clearly that Himmler realized that the immediate approach to him, without a collection of these matters... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,240,650 | 1,241,150 |
experiments are to arise, then this is to be done through official channels. It does not say that anything that had been approved should be retroactively examined. At any rate, the others were not submitted to me, and quite certainly, in spite of this order, perhaps for official reasons, I did not see the others. If yo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,241,100 | 1,241,600 |
had been your responsibility to select the subjects, you would have insisted that they consent to undergo the experiment. Is that right? Court. No. 1 ANo. I said that I personally did not have the desire, or could not imagine that I would order experiments and carry them out, where other than volunteers would be used; ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,241,550 | 1,242,050 |
affidavit from the witness Sokusca, the woman witness. I quote: "On the 21st of September 1941, I arrived from Warsaw with 450 other prisoners at Ravensbrueck. I left the camp on the 23rd of April 1945, with the first transport of the Swedish Red Cross. On the 8th of May 1921 I had been arrested by the Gestapo as I had... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,242,000 | 1,242,500 |
that during this congress, in the directives, judgment of a positive nature was expressed with reference to sulfonamide? AThat is a perfectly correct description. I was being rather reticent. Since Mr. McHaney deliberately forbade me getting involved in a medical discussion, but since his views in this point were erron... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,242,450 | 1,242,950 |
similar conditions, and that there are two who were listed in this testimony. QThe removal of the shoulder blade-- was that an operation which entailed danger to the life of the experimental person? ANo, in no way. I have always strictly differentiated, that these aseptic non-gangrenous wounds did not have the same ris... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,242,900 | 1,243,400 |
test. I assumed that as far as I was concerned he would act particularly correctly and my inquiries were addressed to Himmler. I did not ever deal with any subordinate persons. THE PRESIDENT:I understood that you said that you never made any inquiry or endeavor to ascertain to any extent the status cf these experimenta... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,243,350 | 1,243,850 |
in tho concentration camps. THE PRESIDENT:I understand. Counsel will not be limited to further examination of this witness Monday morning. I didn't mean, when I inquired into tho length of this examination, to limit him. to that, so he may resume tho examination of the witness when the Tribunal convenes Monday morning.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,243,800 | 1,244,300 |
stand as a witness and. resume his place. (The witness was excused.) DR.SEIDL: (Counsel for the defendant Gebhardt): Mr. President, three witnesses have been approached for the Defendant Gebhardt. One of these witnesses has meanwhile arrived. This is Dr. Karl Brunner. In order to shorten the proceedings, I small dispen... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,244,250 | 1,244,750 |
book as an example, and I shall give some other affidavits of this type in the supplementary volume. Then I go to page 75 of the document book-the affidavit from Karl Weiss on page 72 is submitted as Exhibit Gebhardt 12. -Then I go to page 75 of the document book, it is an affidavit of Gerhard Schiedlausky. This affida... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,244,700 | 1,245,200 |
HANEY:With respect to the document offered as Karl Gebhardt No. 13, the Prosecution should like to be advised as to the purpose of this offer. Off hand it appears to me to be immaterial to the issues here and consists of nothing more or less than a boundary and friendship treaty between the USSR and Germany, particular... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,245,150 | 1,245,650 |
as of the period in which, as you say, these women were condemned to death by some sort of a court, that there was at that time an occupation or a complete subjugation of Poland? DR. DEIDL:I am of the opinion that the fate of Poland after the German-Polish War was a typical example of a so-called de belaccio. I am of t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,245,600 | 1,246,100 |
SEIDL:In contrast to the territories which fell to the Soviet Union which were immediately incorporated into the Soviet State, the territories from which the witnesses examined here came were not incorporated into the Reich. It is true that a part of the former State was incorporated into the German Reich, a part of th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,246,050 | 1,246,550 |
be admitted provisionally. DR. SEIDL:I submit this document as Gebhardt Exhibit No.13, and I ask the Tribunal to take notice of the contents of this document. The next document which I intend to submit is on page 80 of the document book. It is a decree of the Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor in the administration of the oc... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,246,500 | 1,247,000 |
39 of the Gazette for the Government General was available here during the trial before the International Military Tribunal. Unfortunately, I cannot find it at the present time, but I shall try to get this decree from a library. THE PRESIDENT:The offered exhibit will be admitted provisionally under the same condition a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,246,950 | 1,247,450 |
had at heme on the basis of several hundred years corresponds to this background, It gave the individual the duties of industry in daily life and it was limited by the belief in the authorities appointed by God, the authorities of the King, and the Government, and the State. The King, State, and Government were the uni... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,247,400 | 1,247,900 |
and the microscopic histological work, individually representing the chief. Q.Now, I should like to interrupt you and consider the question: What rule did politics play in your life before the outbreak of the war? A.In 1933 I was twenty years old. At the time I belonged to a Student Sport Corporation and. had taken no ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,247,850 | 1,248,350 |
school at Altrese. My studies were not shortened. I took the prescribed number of semesters, which was eleven, and a complete year of interne work. Q.How was the service in the SS or in the Reitersturm which you joined? A.I was there only for a year and then, for reasons of training, I went to Berlin, Bonn and Leipzig,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,248,300 | 1,248,800 |
effect of law and that it was my duty to report in Berlin-Lichterfelde, as instructed. At the time there was a saying that everyone had to do his duty where he was assigned, and I was satisfied with this. Q.Then you were a reservist in the Waffen-SS? A.Yes, I was a reservist in the Waffen-SS. Q.What training did you ha... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,248,750 | 1,249,250 |
to us, here too were used with special intensity according to a special scheme. After a few months I was in a position to see what these principles were, and these principles did not include any principle that was not preached elsewhere. It was the doctrine of Lexer in the treatment of inflammation, the doctrine of the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,249,200 | 1,249,700 |
kilometers from Berlin and the only connection was by railroad. Therefore, three times a day the patients arrived. During the times when patients were arriving, Gebhardt collected his assistants around him and days after day received the patients so that every single patient who was admitted, through an especially skil... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,249,650 | 1,250,150 |
He collected the assistant doctors and all the associates around himself frequently and, at such discussions he said this. He said that the clinic had to keep an especially high level and that therefore we had an especially great duty and he expected very much from us. He took no consideration of any free tine. He had ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,250,100 | 1,250,600 |
long time, there were wounded workers from the highway or minors, or wounded from the army in Ward 7, and Waffen-SS in Ward 7A. Everything was together there and we assistants worked in all wards and all the clinics and know the work in all of them. We know that Private Ward 1 differed from Ward 15 because the minister... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,250,550 | 1,251,050 |
evidonce being presented in this proceedings? AI took part in the war against Soviet Russia first as a physician for the First Battalion and second as second surgeon, a H auptverband - Platz is the medical unit in which tho surgical treatment takes place at the closest distance from the front. At that time I experience... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,251,000 | 1,251,500 |
simply is the fate of war, when they are wounded he tells himself the same and his position prevents him from inquiring into the individual fate cf these individuals. But, these wounded persons who would come to us troop physicians are the same people with whom perhaps on the dry before we had spoken and had made a par... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,251,450 | 1,251,950 |
in the center and adopted a supra-individual attitude, however, without being able to avoid the conclusion that the individual occupied a secondary position. There were also philosophic bases for this point of view. One referred to Hogel who saw history as the manifestation of Divine Will and the State on the one hand ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,251,900 | 1,252,400 |
division, because a man who acted in this way and of whom it was known he was a courageous man and had experienced everything the common soldier had experienced. It was impossible to refuse to obey such a man and it was impossible not to give such a commander implicit obedience. These personalities and personal courage... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,252,350 | 1,252,850 |
men there were two main dressing stations and one front line dressing station. In those two main dressing stations there were four surgeons and they were the ones who had to do the main surgical treatment. I think that even this is problematic, and that if one is clear regarding the fact that in this war a misproportio... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,252,800 | 1,253,300 |
These persons who had been treated took the long and arduous journey back to the interior. But the relations in the East were much different from those in the Vest. I also went through the war in the best. There in the first place we were protected by the Red Cross because our opponent was a fair one. We could rely on ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,253,250 | 1,253,750 |
everything was more serious in time. Q.What position did you have there in the Army Hospital in Hohenlychen? A.I was Obersturmfuehrer, that corresponds to Lieutenant in the American Army. And, at the beginning was in charge of the Septic Station, and then was assistant in private station No. I and in the Officer's Stat... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,253,700 | 1,254,200 |
such experiments on human beings. What is your basic attitude toward that problem? A.When Professor Rostock gave this answer I envied him and I consider him happy - that at the height of his surgical career he could say such a thing. I had always believed that I, could say such a thing, because it would never have occu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,254,150 | 1,254,650 |
Socialist party. None of us believed at this time that there would be a War, but we knew, that if a War came about, the economic limitations under which Germany lived and had to live made defeat very likely. And, the only antidote against this fate seemed to us to be the moral strength of unity itself There was a very ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,254,600 | 1,255,100 |
possible for the individual to recognize it, because it took place in an order that was above the individual and embraced a whole state, and so the situation in 1942 was characterized by the individual's recognition that he must obey the orders of the state, no matter where they might reach him, without always demandin... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,255,050 | 1,255,550 |
to be carried out on human beings. Gebhardt told me that he was the person who had received part of this order; namely, the medical part and that he was going to carry it out and wanted to make use of my services as his assistant and he told me that I was as much obligated by this order as he was, since it was a Fuehre... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,255,500 | 1,256,000 |
tho 230,000 people who had been surrounded, but this order also was carried out at the expense of great losses. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will new recess until 9:30 o'clock tomorrow morning. (A recess was taken until 0930 hours 11 March 1947) Official transcript of the American Military Tribunal in the matter of the U... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,255,950 | 1,256,450 |
with sulfonamide and without the usual academic wound treatment according to Friedrich. His results were surprising in that of these 109 patients in the accident clinic, 106 recovered without complications, although in the case of 15 of these patients gas bacillus had been identified in the patient. This meant, in othe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,256,400 | 1,256,900 |
test these preparations on human beings, so that a perfectly a clear answer could be given to these questions. And he told me that since this order had been given, and once it had been given, he felt perfectly justified in carrying it out. He described this order to me an a commission on the part of the State and said ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,256,850 | 1,257,350 |
that you were to have according to the Fuehrer Order. Did you not also wonder in what situation the experimental persons, on whom the experiments were to be carried out, would find themselves? AYes, I did.At the beginning I stated that the thought of doing something that was not really in accordance with basic middle m... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,257,300 | 1,257,800 |
thought we could control inflammation if the patient was kept resting in bed, and if we stood next to the bed with the surgical knife in order to be able to combat the inflammation immediately by surgical means if necessary. QIn other words, you did not expect fatalities? ANo. This fear of fatalities was not the reason... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,257,750 | 1,258,250 |
ascertained that the way in which we were innoculating the bacteria culture which we were doing very carefully was not satisfactory and resulted in something which we surgeons would call primary healing. In all fifteen cases the convalescence took place only with slight delay. There were no untreated persons in the exp... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,258,200 | 1,258,700 |
room and a bath. When I came there, the visits to the building were rather few in number. I brought various equipment with me from Hohenlychen, and then the experimental patients were taken to the experimental location on portable conveyances, either in chairs or being carried. Initially they went on foot, but since we... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,258,650 | 1,259,150 |
the president physician there that female prisoners had been prepared for these experiments. I had always previously seen the patients under narcosis only because I first had to sterilize my hands, and by the time I got there the patients had been already anesthesized. When I was told this by the resident physician I d... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,259,100 | 1,259,600 |
in common with all three groups, namely inflammation did not result in all cases when sulfonamide was injected into the wound at the same time as the bacteria. In the other cases on the other hand local inflammation arose, roughly the size of a boil as large as a walnut. In other words an inflammation that was altogeth... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 1,259,550 | 1,260,050 |
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