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135
de84fb62-5f53-4f8e-b724-a673dde4c52d
Morula is how many ceiled -
4
8
12
16
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 16 o At about 16 cells stage the blastomeres tightly align by the process of compaction to form a compact ball of cells called morula (mulberry ).o This process of compaction leads to segregation of cells into two groups :Inner cells (inner cell mass)Outer cells (outer ceil mass)o Morula enters uterin...
Anatomy
Fertilization and Development of Embryo
12e83d4d-366d-47c8-8eca-ba22feef4308
Culex mosquito transmits:
Yellow fever
Dengue fever
Tularemia
Japanese encephalitis
3d
single
Ans: D (Japanese encephalitis) Ref: 21st edition Park.Explanation:The diseases transmitted by various insects are* Anopheles mosquito- MalariaFilaria (not in India)Culex mosquitoBancroftian FilariasisJapanese EncephalitisWest Nile feverViral Arthritis (epidemic / polyarthritis)Aedes mosquitoYellow fever (not in India)D...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and Health
97eb77dd-fec1-437b-9e1c-7d6937701ddf
Carbohydrate tumor marker for breast cancer:
CA 15-3
CA 125
CA 34
CA 19-9
0a
single
Carbohydrate-rich tumor markers are specific antigens found either on the surface of tumor cells or may also be secreted as products by the tumor cells. CA: carbohydrate antigen/cancer antigen. Specific Proteins Immunoglobulins Multiple myeloma and other gammopathies Prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific memb...
Pathology
JIPMER 2017
c47bcdfe-7e7f-42bd-8f9a-ea9ea21cdc18
Which of the following is the action of the lateral pterygoid muscle on the temporomandibular joint?
Elevation
Depression
Adduction
Abduction
1b
single
Depression of the mandible or opening of the mouth is produced mainly by the lateral pterygoid helped by gravity.Elevation is produced by the medial pterygoid, temporalis and masseter.Reference: Textbook of anatomy, Head Neck, and Brain, Vishram Singh, 2nd edition, page no.148
Anatomy
Head and neck
0840315d-19cb-4836-89bb-704187ee49ed
Oedema aquosum occurs in :
Wet drowning
Dry drowning
Secondary drowning
Immersion syndrome
0a
single
A i.e. Wet drowning
Forensic Medicine
null
f747bf68-aa24-4ceb-a245-b439736bd960
Absolute contraindication for Transvaginal sonography
Placenta previa
Imperforate hymen
Abruptio placenta
Abnormal uterine bleeding
1b
single
Imperforate hymen and patient refusal are the only absolute contraindications for Transvaginal sonography.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
b2faae8d-fee0-41cd-88ef-cf02f3a2eba1
Learned Behaviour which is permanent and consistent but liable to change
Culture
Practice
Attitude
Socialism
1b
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
faa8361e-efb7-4ffd-a488-2bbbb4ecb821
65 year old Ramdeen presents with Abdominal pain and distension of abdomen. His stools were maroon coloured and he gives a past history of cerebrovascular accident and myocardial infarction. What will be the probable diagnosis -
Ulcerative colitis
Acute mesentric ischemia
Irritable bowel syndrome
Chron's disease
1b
single
null
Surgery
null
d6ceba3a-ab48-4bbc-bf01-0aa902b84641
Checkpoint for stability of fixation of ZMC fracture:
Zygomaticomaxillary
Zygomaticofrontal
Arch symmetry
Infraorbital rim
0a
single
null
Surgery
null
5a19103e-852c-491f-bb50-5dd71fecc368
Peripheral smear may show vacuolated lymphocytes in all of the following EXCEPT?
Abetalipoproteinemia
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Fucosidosis
Sialidosis
0a
multi
Peripheral smear may show vacuolated lymphocytes in: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis Fucosidosis Sialidosis Abetalipoproteinemia- acanthocytosis
Pediatrics
Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism
54f6671d-dbda-41de-bf6f-645bbcbb119e
Vocal cord palsy is not associated with:
Veebral secondaries
Left atrial enlargement
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Secondaries in mediastinum
0a
single
Vocal cord paralysis is most commonly iatrogenic in origin following surgery to Thyroid, parathyroid, carotid or cardiothoracic structures. Neck trauma Benign or malignant thyroid disease Thyroid surgery Carcinoma cervical oesophagus Cervical lymphadenopathy
ENT
null
a70e281b-30b6-48e9-bfb2-c5bd0d7a7a4f
The sequence of events in glycogenolysis?
Phosphorylase, Glucan transferase, Debranching, Phosphorylase
Debranching, Phosphorylase, transferase, phosphorylase
Transferase, phosphorylase, Debranching, phosphorylase
Any of the above
0a
multi
Phosphorylase, Glucan transferase, Debranching, Phosphorylase Enzymes of glycogenolysis come into play in the following sequence : (i) Glycogen phosphorylase → (ii) Glucan transferase → (iii) Debranching enzyme.
Biochemistry
null
538dabe7-9dda-49ef-b826-2bd65ec7b9bc
Which of the following amino acid in a protein is involved in urea cycle and is required for synthesis of Nitric Oxide?
Arginine
Histidine
Tryptophan
Lysine
0a
single
.
Pathology
All India exam
3bf214da-c0b2-477e-ac1b-394229c84f20
Changes in the respiratory system in pregnancy;
Vital capacity is increased
Subcostal angle remains unchanged
Tidal volume remains unaltered
Residual volume Is decreased
3d
single
Anatomical changes:The lower ribs flare out,the subcoastal angles increases from 68 to 103 degree,transverse diameter of chest increases by 2 cm and the diaphragm rises about 4cm in pregnancy. Functional changes:Increase in ventilation in pregnancy is achieved by an increase in tidal volume by 40%.Minute ventilatory vo...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy
ec757832-af61-4b2b-9ecf-cfecb272cee7
SLE like syndrome is caused by:
Hydralazine
Phenytoin
Procainamide
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans: dRef: Harrison, 16thed, p. 1967
Medicine
Immunology and Rheumatology
4e337a61-cad4-4dbf-953e-1a6f2a473ea8
Cefoxitin - cycloserine fructose agar is used for ?
Neisseria
Clostridium difficle
Bacillus anttacis
Reiter's treponema
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clostridium difficle Cefoxitin - cycloserine fructose agar (CCFA) is an enriched selective and differential medium recommended for the isolation and cultivation of clostridium difficle from fecal specimens.
Microbiology
null
abd04190-0bfb-4e74-82b5-37fa2c42a4a4
Type I Tyrosinemia is caused by:
Tyrosine transaminase
Fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase
4 Hydroxy phenyl pyruvate hydroxylase
Maleyl acetoacetate isomerase
1b
single
Ans. B. Fumarylaceto Acetate HydrolaseAmino acidurias and enzyme defectClassic Phenyl KetonuriaPhenylalanine HydroxylaseAlkaptonuriaHomogentisate OxidaseTyrosinemia Type I (Most common Tyrosinemia)Fumaryl Aceto Acetate HydrolaseTyrosinemia Type IITyrosine TransaminaseTyrosinemia Type IIIPara Hydroxy Phenyl Pyruvate hyd...
Biochemistry
Proteins and Amino Acids
9421c64d-b57b-470f-a4d1-f8381cad4844
Drug used in Toxoplasmosis is :
Pyrimethamine
Ribovarin
Ganciclovir
Tetracycline
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Pyrimethamine Doc for Toxoplasmosis - Pyrimethamine and Trimethoprim
Pharmacology
Anti-Helminths
6e90e8c7-b27a-46d0-aff2-65c8e0911839
The best method to assess the adequacy of replacement of fluid in a case of shock is:
Decrease in thirst
Increased PaO
Increase in urine output
Blood pressure
2c
single
The primary goal in fluid resuscitation for all forms of shock is the same: restoration of adequate end organ perfusion. Urine output is a quantitative and relatively reliable indicator of organ perfusion. It is a reflection of kidney perfusion and function and an indicator of renal, cardiovascular, and fluid volume st...
Physiology
null
c8f975c2-b1ef-4a3a-93dc-5b20f3074f41
True regarding gypsum bonded investments is:
After dehydration all forms of gypsum shrink between 200-400 degree Celsius.
Between 400-700 degree Celsius a slight expansion is noted.
Lateral shrinkage in gypsum is caused due to decomposition and release of sulphur dioxide.
All of the above
3d
multi
After dehydration all forms of gypsum shrink between 200-400° C. Between 400 and 700° C, a slight expansion is noted. Lateral shrinkage in gypsum is caused due to the decomposition and the release of sulfur dioxide. It is imperative, that gypsum investment should not be heated above 700° C. Phillip’s 12th edition page...
Dental
null
0311329a-a88c-4f5b-b3f2-ce9151819a3e
True about primary gastric lymphoma is
Affects young adults
Surgery is never indicated
T cell lymphoma
H pylori infection increases the risk
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., H pylori infection increases the risk o The stomach is the most common site for extranodal lymphoma. Nearly al! gastric lymphomas are B-cell lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MAL T lymphoma),o Majority of cases (80%) are associated with chronic gastritis and H. Pylori infection. The most...
Pathology
Hallmarks of Cancer
380c6e27-583b-410b-8651-cb3f39ff8202
Which of the following is not discarded in yellow bag?
Human waste
Microbiological waste
Solid waste
Sharp waste
3d
single
Answer: D. Sharp waste. Types of Bio-medical waste Bio-medical waste means "any solid and/or liquid waste including its container and any intermediate product, which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or ...
Unknown
null
d402c87c-d37a-4038-b6ba-5ee6b8580c53
Spongiosis is seen in ?
Acute eczema
Lichen Planus
Psoriasis
Pemphigus
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acute eczemao Spongiosis is the accumulation of edema fluid within the intercellular space of epidermis and is characteristic of acute eczematous dermatitis.
Pathology
null
98767c25-11d4-40b4-b493-5ff9891ff726
who gave the psychosocial stage of development
erikson
bleuler
freud
lorenz
0a
single
ERIC ERIKSON ERIC ERIKSON gave the psychosocail stages of development There are 8 psychosocial stages A person has to succesfully pass one stage to move to the next stage If he gets arrested in one stage he may develop some disorders Ref. kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pf no. 485
Anatomy
Treatment in psychiatry
2d3924af-facd-4bba-8994-68ef95c64d64
Unilateral clubbing seen in -a) Samilial clubbingb) Pancoast tumorc) Pulmonary A-V fistula d) Aortic aneurysm (arch)e) Congenital cyanotic heart ds.
bcd
acd
ac
bd
0a
single
null
Medicine
null
64723181-2aac-413e-97dd-320479889e1a
Which of the following medicaments is indicated to obturate the canals of a primary tooth in which a pulpectomy was performed?
Gutta-percha
Calcium hydroxide
Zinc oxide-eugenol
Calcium hydroxide-CMCP paste
2c
single
Zinc Oxide Eugenol  Most commonly used. Bonastre (1837) discovered zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and it was subsequently used in dentistry by Chisholm (1876).  Zinc oxide eugenol paste, the first root canal filling material to be recommended for primary teeth, as described by Sweet in 1930.  Zinc oxide eugenol is said to h...
Dental
null
5bf1c089-0478-42c8-87f7-7a3f82da64b7
A 55-year-old woman who has a history of severe depression and had a radical mastectomy for carcinoma of breast one year back develops polyuria nocturia and excessive thirst - Laboratory values are as follows: Serum sodium 149 m Eq/L, Serum potassium 3.6 m Eq/L, Serum calcium 9.5 mg/dl, Glucose 110 mg.dl, Bun 30 mg/dl...
Psychogenic polydipsia
Renal glycosuria
Hypercalcicuria
Diabetes insipidus
3d
single
null
Medicine
null
368267bb-96ce-4563-bb63-04a328a807e2
B cell maturation takes place in -
thymus
Lymph node
Bone marrow
Spleen
2c
single
The key cells in our immune system are lymphocytes known as B cells and T cells, which originate in our bone marrow. After T cells fuher develop in our thymus. Reff: www.mayoclinic.com
Microbiology
Immunology
b33fc86c-bb34-4555-bb52-56dbe4b3814b
In type I collagen, telopeptide corresponds to-
COOH-terminal with super helical conformation NH2- terminal with super helical conformation
Both COOH and NH2-terminals are not super helical conformation
Both COOH and NH2-terminals super helical conformation
Both COOH and NH2-terminals super helical conformation
3d
multi
Ans. D. Both COOH and NH2-terminals superhelical conformationStructure of collagen molecule:-Pro-collagen is comprised of two alpha-1 chains and one alpha-2 chain intertwined into a triple helix. Pro-peptide domains at the carboxy-terminals and amino-terminals are cleaved, resulting in formation of mature collagen. Whe...
Biochemistry
Structure & Function of Protein
16dd4748-aee5-457a-83e9-bfb2a7378180
Arrange the following nerves according to incidence of their involvement in Supra-condylar fracture of humerus a. Median nerve b. Radial nerve c. Anterior interosseous nerve d. Ulnar nerve
c,a,d,b
c,a,b,d
a,c,b,d
d,a,b,c
1b
single
AMRU- Sequence of nerve involvement in SCF A- Anterior Interior Nerve M- Median Nerve R- Radial Nerve U- Ulnar nerve =Mechanism of injury-fall on outstretched hand(FOOSH) =TYPES- extension type most common (95-98%),flexion type less common (<5%). =Complications of supracondylar fracture of the humerus: Malunion leading...
Orthopaedics
Peripheral Nerve Injury
10d15f5d-d15d-4f3d-b802-57a7c4d41586
Movements taking place during abduction of shoulder joint are all except:
Medial rotation of scapula
Axial rotation of humerus at acromioclavicular joint
Elevation of humerus
Movements at clavicular end of sternoclavicular joint
0a
multi
Medial rotation of scapula Abduction of the ann involves rotation of the scapula as well as movement at the shoulder joint.For every 3deg abduction, a 2 deg abduction occurs in the shoulder joint & 1 deg abduction occurs by rotation of the scapula (forward rotation round the chest wall i.e. lateral rotation). Rotation ...
Anatomy
null
ab8d61d8-21ee-4a71-b63f-4f86e97654c4
A newborn baby has severe facial abnormalities, as shown below. What could be the underlying CNS abnormality in this baby?
Lissencephaly
Dandy walker malformation
Holoprosencephaly
Iniencephaly
2c
single
c. HoloprosencephalySingle eye (cyclopia) with a tubular-shaped nose (proboscis), are usually seen in a child with Holoprosencephaly
Pediatrics
Central Nervous System
9aa7e592-2a9b-41a9-9cd6-60fcee550c62
Method of chromatography in which molecules that are negatively charged are selectively released from stationary phase into the positively charged molecules in mobile phase is termed as:Affinity chromatography
Affinity chromatography
Ion - Exchange chromatography
Adsorbtion chromatography
Size - Exclusion chromatography
1b
single
Ion exchange chromatography is the chromatography in which molecules are separated on the basis of charge. Ref: Applications of High Performance Liquid Chromatography By Andrew Pryde, Mary T. Gilbe, Pages 50, 53; Biochemistry By Reginald Garrett, Charles M. Grisham, Page 127.
Biochemistry
null
3ff2d048-e172-4416-b9b9-fd66360ce294
Sphenopalatine foramen is 1 cm behind
Superior Turbinate
Middle Turbinate
Inferior Turbinate
Tonsil
2c
single
null
ENT
null
d2c098bd-da85-48e2-8c87-a97e1e79539e
Which ion is added in OPV vaccine acts as stabilizer
Sodium
Magnesium
Chloride
Potassium
1b
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
8ca1b583-183b-41f1-a1c2-e7ce8e72927c
Costochondral junction swelling are seen in -
Scurvy
Rickets
Chondrodystrophy
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above
Pediatrics
null
d2881fcf-d579-4c3d-a4c0-580379efe52d
Hirschberg test is used to detect
Optic atrophy
Squint
Glaucoma
Field defects
1b
single
Hirschberg corneal reflex test: It is a rough but handy method to estimate the angle of manifest squint. In it the patient is asked to fixate at point light held at a distance of 33 cm and the detion of the corneal light reflex from the centre of pupil is noted in the squinting eye. Roughly, the angle of squint is 15de...
Ophthalmology
Ocular motility and squint
a3bf0256-65a1-4eeb-a3d7-976e0834d6e4
A 6 yr old child with Acute onset of fever of 104o fever developed febrile seizure was treated. To avoid recurrence of seizure attack what should be given ?
Paracetamol 400 mg and phenobarbitone
Oral diazepam 6 hourly
Paracetamol 400 mg 6 hourly
IV Diazepam infusion over 12 hourly
1b
single
Oral clobazam (benzodiazepines) is an effective prophylaxis and is given during fever episodes for 3 days Ref Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 557
Pediatrics
Central Nervous system
4b4c6c6e-2fbf-415e-b429-aeca394b48d4
Probing and irrigation is not done in -
Lacrimal fistula
Acute dacryocystitis
Congenital dacryocystitis
Trauma to eye
1b
single
Main treatment consist of topical and systemic antibiotics and anti inflamatory analgesics . Ref :ak khurana 6th edition pg no:395
Ophthalmology
Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus
a54ceda6-6f14-415c-86d7-f2fdad9e1410
Candidiasis is associated with all except -
Neutropenia
IUCD user
Diabetes
Pregnancy
1b
multi
1. Predisposing factors of Candidiasis are: Extremes of age (infancy, old age) Pregnancy Low immunity Patients on broad spectrum antibiotics Diabetes mellitus, febrile neutropenia, Zinc or Iron deficiency. Candida is not associated with IUCD users It can increase chances of PID.
Microbiology
Mycology
20538a9a-b5e9-4879-9ff2-d648b2ae083f
A 17-year-old boy is diagnosed with schizophrenia. What is the risk that one of his siblings will develop the disease?
2%
5%
9%
20%
2c
single
The risk of developing schizophrenia in first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients is elevated compared to the risk of the general population (0.9%). Parents of schizophrenic patients have a lifetime prevalence of 11%, and siblings have a prevalence of 9%. Identical twins have a 50% chance of suffering from schiz...
Psychiatry
Mood disorders
0a4074c4-d530-4e2c-a2d5-75a4e05ea1eb
A 6 year old female child reported with a chief complaint of proclined upper anteriors. Parents give a history of prolonged bottle-feeding and a persistent thumb sucking habit. Clinical examination reveals anterior open bite with proclined upper anterior and retroclined lower anterior teeth and associated tongue thrust...
When the pollex is held upward against the palate
When the pollex is held downward against the tongue
When the pollex is held inward against the cheek
None of the above
0a
multi
null
Dental
null
26c3e903-15dc-4d01-b815-21f968d37342
Which of the following functionally componetent of largest unit of the ribosomes
tRNA
mRNA
Catalyze formation of the peptides
Formation of the polyribosomes
2c
multi
(Catalyzes formation of the peptides) (436 - Lippincott's 4th)Polyribosome {Polysome) is used when several ribosomes simultaneously translate on a singe mRNA* The large ribosomal subunit catalyzes formation of the peptide bonds that link amino acids residues in a protein.* The small subunit binds mRNA and is responsibl...
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
f7b895c8-2529-4e78-b2e7-091bd28a46e3
River blindness is caused by -
Onchocerca
Loa loa
Ascaria
B. Malayi
0a
single
pathogenesis and clinical features The infective larvae deposited in the skin by the bite of the vector develop at the site to adult worms .Adult worms are seen singly, in pairs , or in tangled masses in the subcutaneous tissues ocular manifestations range from photophobia to gradual blurring of vision , progressing to...
Microbiology
parasitology
05a7e41a-058a-4540-85fb-ef6b011837e5
Which of the following is false regarding HPV virus regarding oncogenesis
Express oncogenic proteins
Inactivate tumor suppressors,
Inactivate cyclins
Inhibit apoptosis,
2c
multi
High-risk HPV types express oncogenic proteins that inactivate tumour suppressors, activate cyclins, inhibit apoptosis, and combat cellular senescence.Thus, it is evident that HPV proteins promote many of the hallmarks of cancer.(Refer: Robbins & Cotran's - Pathologic Basis of Disease, SAE, 1st edition, Vol I-pg no: 32...
Anatomy
All India exam
b57d30e2-94bd-4576-a56a-2d7c53e6ecf2
The contraction of gold alloys on solidifying is approximately:
0.40%
1.40%
2.40%
3.40%
1b
multi
All alloys shrink when they change from liquid to solid. The casting shrinkage in gold alloys is less (1.25 to 1.65%) when compared to base metal alloys. Mannapalli 3 ed page no 276
Dental
null
00e0dcac-97a3-4624-b07f-8cef1b672d5e
A 9-year-old girl develops widespread pinpoint skin hemorrhages. She recovered from a fl u-like illness 1 week earlier. Laboratory findings reveal a platelet count of 20,000/mL but no other abnormalities. Her bone marrow shows an increased number of megakaryocytes. The platelet count is normal after 2 months. Which of ...
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
3d
single
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura -quantitative disorder of platelets caused by antibodies directed against platelet or megakaryocytic antigens -related to antibody-mediated immune destruction of platelets or their precursors. -The peripheral blood smear in ITP exhibits numerous large platelets, and the bone marrow s...
Pathology
Bleeding disorder
584237b5-e777-4d84-bd33-9b6fa9292e5c
When an antigen is administered for the first time to an animal or a human being who has never been exposed to it, the first antibody to develop-
IgG type
IgM type
IgA type
IgE type
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., IgM type
Microbiology
null
37bd58b5-2993-4c1d-ba26-5b96c67657fd
In chronic alcoholism which of the following is seen
Delirium tremens
Wernike's syndrome
Korsakoff psychosis
All of the above
3d
multi
D i.e. All
Forensic Medicine
null
dd3c398f-01f1-4f50-94c5-b7991b721e08
What is the definition of society –
System of social relationship between individuals
Social relationship between families
Interaction of individuals and people
Relationship of individual family and the country
1b
single
Society A society is a body of individuals of species, generally seen as a community or group, that is outlined by the bounds of functional interdependence, comprising also possible characters or conditions such as cultural identity, social solidarity or eusociality. Human societies are characterized by patterns of re...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
06ddfdaf-d088-42fd-b6d0-224da90f2eac
A 50 year old lady comes to your OPD. What is the most probable diagnosis ?
Aoic Stenosis
Aoic Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
3d
single
The above image shows Mitral facies which are seen in Mitral stenosis. Mitral stenosis may present with rosy cheeks, whilst the rest of the face has a bluish tinge due to cyanosis. In severe Mitral stenosis low cardiac output state produces vasoconstriction, peripheral cyanosis is often seen in lips, tip of nose and ch...
Medicine
Murmurs
0b3794b1-2ce9-41c3-a5e5-d23d76ba9abb
About Cushing syndrome all are true except:
Purple striae
Plethora
Hypoglycemia
Obesity
2c
multi
c. Hypoglycemia(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2714-2723, Ghai 8/e p 526-527)Hyperglycemia is a feature of Cushing's syndrome and not hypoglycemia.
Pediatrics
Endocrinology
9fc8b8ee-4a3b-424c-b539-bd13f6be6d40
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a disease of –
Neuromuscular junction
Sarcolemmal proteins
Muscle contractile proteins
Disuse atrophy due to muscle weakness
1b
single
DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY (PSEUDO HYPERTROPHIC MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most common hereditary neuromuscular disease affecting all races and ethnic groups. Inheritance: X linked recessive Presentation occurs between ages 3 and 5 Pathogenesis Duchenne muscular dystrophy is caused by ...
Pediatrics
null
45c49f9b-1952-45c9-aaa5-b81cec4a1699
The ratio of chest compressions to ventilation in a newborn is
1:01
2:01
3:01
4:01
2c
single
If the hea rate does not improve after 30 sec with bag-and-mask (or endotracheal) ventilation and remains below 100 beats/min, ventilation is continued and chest compression should be initiated over the lower third of the sternum at a rate of 90 compressions/min. The ratio of compressions to ventilation is 3 : 1 (90 co...
Pediatrics
New born infants
3710bd21-b8b8-48a3-a6d7-bf0ef7126c6d
Auenbrugger's sign is seen in -
Pericardial Effusion
Constrictive pericarditis
Aortic Regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pericardial Effusion o Auenbruger 's sign is an epicardial bulging due to massive pericardial effusion.Auenbrugeer frsieno It represents bulging of the epigastrium that may be seen in case of severe pericardial effusion.o The auenbrugger s sign is seen in large pericardial effusion.o During a large pe...
Medicine
Pericardial Disease
fa405930-1d11-4304-ab81-ae2483082e15
Reverse transcriptase is
DNA dependent RNA polymerase
RNA dependent DNA polymerase
DNA dependent DNA polymerase
RNA dependent RNA polymerase
1b
single
null
Biochemistry
null
b120e064-f3e0-422d-a127-e32216d9fdd2
The most sensitive index for renal tubular function is
Specific gravity of urine
Blood urea
GFR
Creatinine clearance
0a
single
The main function of renal tubules is the concentration of urine and this can be measured by the specific gravity of urine.
Physiology
null
c578e074-2063-40bd-bcb2-e46852c541f6
Skip lesions are seen in
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn's disease
Typhoid
Tuberculosis
1b
single
in ileocaecal tuberculosis,.Ulcerative--commonest 60%. Circumferential transverse often multiple 'girdle' ulcers - with skip lesions. It i common in old, malnourished people. skip lesions are typical in the case of crohn&;s diseaseskip lesions are also observed in wet gangrene and necrotizing enterocolitis . ref:SRB&;s...
Surgery
G.I.T
58cf02fc-c186-41e4-bcca-ff8c8bcc53c1
In TRIAGE system for disaster management, Red colour code indicates?
About to die patients
Uninjured patients
High priority or transferable cases
Dead or moribund cases
2c
single
Ans. c (High priority or transferable cases) (Ref. Park Textbook of PSM 22nd/pg.741)TRIAGEIt consists of rapidly classifying the injured on the basis of the severities of their injuries and the likelihood of their survival with prompt medical intervention.Four colour coding# Red - High priority or transferable cases# Y...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Hospital waste, disaster management and occupational health
e2b859fe-53e8-4c9b-8233-307992d061f0
Following are common features of malignant gastric ulcer on barium meal except:
Location on the greater curvature
Carman's meniscus sign
Radiating folds which do not reach the edge of the ulcer
Lesser curvature ulcer with a nodular rim
0a
multi
Ans. Location on the greater curvature
Radiology
null
7812346b-b0b5-4627-8154-6dd2904b98c6
A 6-year-old boy had been in his normal state of good health until a few hours prior to presentation to the emergency department. His mother reports that he began to have difficulty walking, and she noticed that he was falling and unable to maintain his balance. Which of the following is the most likely to allow diagno...
Obtain urine drug screen.
MRI to evaluate his corpus callosum.
Close scrutiny of his skin for telangiectasia.
Perform a muscle biopsy of the gastrocnemius muscle.
0a
multi
Cerebellar ataxia in childhood can occur in association with infection, metabolic abnormalities, ingestion of toxins, hydrocephalus, cerebellar lesions, multiple sclerosis, labyrinthitis, polyradiculopathy, and neuroblastoma. Although a muscle biopsy might help identify muscular dystrophy, the finding of a triplet repe...
Pediatrics
Musculo Skeletal Disorders
44a09039-0397-4409-88eb-5bcd181c7135
False positive test of protein in dipstick test seen in -a) Chlorpropamideb) IV contrast agentc) Viral infectiond) IV administration of drugs
ab
a
ad
bc
0a
multi
False positive dipstick test is given by- Concentrated urine, gross hematuria, presence of mucus, semen or leukocytes, highly alkaline urine (>7pH), iodinated IV contrast agent, contaminated with chlorhexidine, benzalkonium, penicillin, aspirins, oral hypoglycemic agents (e.g. chlorpropamide). False positive dipstick t...
Biochemistry
null
66aff348-070c-4e54-9ca6-c0c398c4c438
17-year-old boy presented with complain of petechiae. O/E ,sternal tenderness is present. BM biopsy show hypercellularity and more than 20% Lymphoblast. Peripheral smear show ||| TLC and presence of lymphoblast . On X ray. retrosternal mass is seen. All are true about condition patient is suffering except?
It has good prognosis
Notch gene mutation present
An immature T-cell phenotype (Tdt/CD34/CD7 positive)
Thymic involvement is seen
0a
multi
Above patient is most likely suffering from T-cell ALL. Points in our of above diagnosis: Peak at pubey Retrosternal mass More than 20% Lymphoblast( Tdt +, PAS +) in BM ||| TLC Lymphoblast present in blood Less common than B cell ALL Thymus ++ Notch gene mutation Gain of function Poor prognosis CD1/2/5/7 positive Immun...
Pathology
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
107ef114-86cc-412b-882d-9252b6ab4445
Best Investigation to assess tubal patency:
Rubin's test
HSG
Laparotomy
Laparoscopic chromtubation
3d
single
null
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
982bc630-53b0-4431-bc0c-24dfad256bed
Posterior gastric aery is a branch of
Splenic aery
Hepatic aery
Left Gastric aery
Right Hastric aery
0a
single
The fundic branches of the stomach can be defined as a group of vessels that can arise either directly or indirectly from the following source aeries: the left inferior phrenic aery, the accessory left hepatic aery, the left gastric aery, the left middle suprarenal aery, the main trunk of the splenic aery Ref - BDC 6e ...
Anatomy
Abdomen and pelvis
81828e15-a701-49b0-9a34-2ba5fc1e35fb
All are derived from branchial arch EXCEPT?
Ultimobranchial body
Stapes
Laryngeal cartilage
Mandible
0a
multi
Ans. (a) Ultimobranchial bodyRef: Inderbir Singh's Embroyology, 7th ed. /119-120* In humans, the ultimobranchial body is an embryological structure that gives rise to the calcitonin-producing cells--also called parafollicular cells or C cells--of the thyroid gland.* In humans, this body is a derivative of the ventral r...
ENT
Embryology of Ear and Malformations
8e6c3f69-7d9a-454b-ad38-d9770867e635
In atropine instillation, all are seen except:
Dilated pupil
Paralysis of accommodation
Increased water content to tear
Decreased water content to tear
2c
multi
Ans. C.)Increased water content to tear. Causes of decreased tear formation: Idiopathic, congenital alacrima, xerophthalmia, lacrimal gland ablation, and sensory denervation. Collagen vascular diseases, including relapsing polychondritis, rheumatoid ahritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and systemic lupus erythema...
Ophthalmology
null
23787236-6241-44b3-b752-cfafe9180a86
Chalcosis is seen with-
Pb
Cu
Fe
Hg
1b
single
*Chalcosis refers to the specific changes produced by the alloy of copper in the eye. Ref: Khurana 7th/e p.452
Ophthalmology
Ocular trauma
42a6f6e3-e758-433a-bc9e-0d42a9e08043
In juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), which is the most common presentation?
GTCS during sleep
GTCS on awake state
Myoclonus
Absence seizures
2c
single
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JANZ syndrome) - Polygenetic inheritance, Strong family history - Onset: 10 -19 yrs. - Myoclonic Jerk (early morning) and prominent in morning after awakening. Consciousness is preserved unless severe - EEG: 4-6 Hz Polyspike pattern seen. - May develop GTCS in future and in 30% will also de...
Medicine
Epilepsy and EEG
c61e1ba9-8e7f-44d4-bda5-0e04fe2d46f4
The aim of post marketing pharmacokinetics is
Efficacy of the drug
Dosage of the drug
Deals with alteration of the drug includes absorption, distribution, binding / storage
Safety and comparisions with other medicines
3d
single
(Safety and comparisons with other medicines) (43-Bennett & Brown) (61-62-GG)Pharmacokinetics - what the body does to the drag. This refers to movements of the drug in and alteration of the drug by the body; includes absorption, distribution, binding/localization/storage, biotransformation and excretion of the drug (1-...
Pharmacology
General Pharmacology
b7d8ea1d-aee4-4344-884c-b34a8fe78e3e
Women receiving estrogen therapy have an increased risk of development of all of the following EXCEPT:
Breast cancer
Endometrial cancer
Carcinoma of the gall bladder
Hepatocellular carcinoma
2c
multi
null
Pharmacology
null
a6c2dd05-bbda-4de4-aef4-b02a19c6ddb1
Efferent pathway for milk ej ection reflex -
Prolactin
Oxytocin
ACTH
Growth hormone
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Oxytocin Milk ejection reflexo Milk ejection is normally initiated by a neuroendocrine reflex.o The receptors involved are the touch receptors, which are plentiful in the breast-especially around the nipple,o Impulses generated in these receptors are relayed to the supraoptic and paraventricular nucle...
Physiology
Pituitary
a1f703e1-ef63-486d-98bf-bf8ac525a113
All of the following are features of wet gangrene except
Spreads faster
Line of demarcation
Arterial and venous block
Not Localised
1b
multi
In wet gangrene there is no line of demarcation.
Surgery
null
02a8a7a8-223d-4fa2-8eb1-eb80307dbe73
A 8 yr old boy presents with upper GI bleeding. On examination, he is found to have splenomegaly; there are no signs of ascites, or hepatomegaly; esophageal varices are found on upper GI endoscopy. Most likely diagnosis is:
Budd chiari syndrome
Cirrhosis
Veno-occlusive disease
Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis
3d
single
The diagnostic criteria of NCPF includes splenomegaly, normal liver function test, esophageal varices (90-95% cases), patent hepatic and poal veins and no evidence of cirrhosis on biopsy. Based on this criteria, the most probable diagnosis in this patient is Non cirrhotic poal fibrosis. Ref: Arun J. Sanyal, Vijay H. Sh...
Pediatrics
null
e882bbe7-e64e-4381-ad21-740766e34e87
Which of the following NSAID is preferred in treatment of dysmenorrhoea
Indomethacin
Ketorolac
Mefenamic acid
Naproxen
2c
single
null
Pharmacology
null
f3f3db02-5a89-4d17-a1a7-d8c1f6921fdf
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors should not be given in
Sulfonamide hypersensitivity
Glaucoma
High altitude sickness
Metabolic acidosis
0a
single
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors(CAIs)are more likely to produce acidosis in patients of COPD,CRF and DM.They are contraindicated in COPD as they may precipitate respiratory acidosis. They are sulfonamides in structure,so should not be given in hypeensitive persons.
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
75c002c4-46a3-4c3f-a9eb-9a74de435959
True about Insulinoma is:
Alpha cell tumor
Most of them are malignant
C-peptide level is elevated
It is not associated with MEN 1 syndrome
2c
multi
Insulinoma b-cell tumor Benign C peptide level is elevated Most common of pancreatic Neuro-endocrine neoplasms Produce sufficient insulin to induce clinically significant hypoglycaemia MEN 1 syndrome- Associated with 3-Ps Pancreas:- Gastrinoma, Insulinoma Pituitary tumor Parathyroid
Pathology
Miscellaneous
ab4f2185-9e5c-45b3-9877-e7330db26804
A 5-year-old boy presents with Severe ptosis associated with poor levator function. Which of the following will be the treatment?
Frontalis Suspension surgery
Levator resection
Mullerectomy
Fasnella servat operation
0a
single
Ans. (a) Frontalis Suspension surgery(Ref: Kanski 8/e, p. 45; Parsons 22/e, p. 464; Yanoff 4/e, p. 1273)Brow (frontalis) suspension is used for severe ptosis (> 4 mm) with very poor levator function (< 4 mm) in simple congenital ptosis or occurring due to 3rd nerve palsy, blepharophimosis syndrome and following unsatis...
Ophthalmology
Orbit
cc326ba5-8dce-434d-a32f-e8b13fced49b
A complicated case of diveicular disease is defined as diveicula with?
Abdominal pain
Abscess and perforation
Constipation or diarrhea
Diveicular bleeding
1b
single
.DIVEICULAR DISEASE OF THE COLON * They are acquired herniations of colonic mucosa through circular muscles at the points where blood vessels penetrate (points of least resistance). * It is more commonly localised to sigmoid colon (90%) but occasionally seen in full length of the colon. Rectum is not affected. saint's ...
Surgery
Urology
85bb7548-0b76-4294-b963-d9f3e6d7b2f5
Which of the following is a voluntary organization -
TB association of India
Directrate of Health Service
Indian Medical Council
Council of Medical Research
0a
single
Voluntary health organisations of India: 1.Indian red cross 2.Hind kusht nivaran sangh 3.Indian council for child welfare 4.Tubercukosis association of India 5.Bharath sevak samaj 6.Central social welfare board 7.The Kasthurba memorial fund 8.Famaily planning association of India 9.All India womens conference 10.All In...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
ce726946-4c40-447b-ab9f-064b43256c69
SA Node is located at
Upper end crista terminalis
Lower end of crista terminalis
At opening of IVC
At ostium primum
0a
single
SA node is situated at the atriocaval junction in the upper pa of the sulcus terminalis B D CHAURASIA'S HUMAN ANATOMY UPPER LIMB THORAX-VOLUME 1 SIXTH EDITION Page no-262
Anatomy
Thorax
8143b3da-31f0-454d-b761-8ab6dc47e1a6
Process by which an individual gradually aquires cultureand becomes a member of a social group is called ?
Socialization
Accultration
Socialism
Custom
0a
multi
Socialization It is the process by which an individual gradually acquires culture ad becomes a member of a social group. Example → Internship training programme of doctors gives them an opportunity to learn how to become acceptable to the public at large as doctors. Socialism It is a system of production and distr...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
41204550-cd7c-4610-812b-e640d126e230
Amphotericin B treatment mandates the monitoring of which of the following electrolytes:-
Ca2+
Na+
K+
Cl-
2c
single
Hypokalemia is a serious adverse effect of Amphotericin B hence treatment mandates the monitoring of serum K+levels. ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AMPHOTERICIN B: Infusion related reactions are most common adverse effects and require premedication with antihistaminics or glucocoicoids. Dose limiting toxicity is nephrotoxicity man...
Pharmacology
Anti-Fungal Drugs
245a75d3-470d-407e-a0dc-1c31b3ed245b
A 35 year old woman comes to you for routine gynecological examination. You examined her and takes a pap smear which turns out to be normal. She was determined to be a low risk case. At what intervals will you recommend a pap smear examination for her? Note :- She had normal smear in the last 3 consecutive years.
Annually
Every 2 year
Every 3 year
Every 5 yaer
2c
multi
For a woman over the age of 30 years a pap smear is recommended once every 3 years if : HPV DNA is negative, is at low risk for Ca cervix and 3 consecutive annual screening are negative. Also know An annual screening is recommended in women over 30 years if she is : HPV DNA +ve or is at high risk for Ca cervix. Note:- ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1226aa86-9e33-40a1-ba64-7f3143e68dca
Enzyme deficient in alkaptonuria -
Phenylalanine hydroxylase
Homogentisate oxidase
Tyrosinase
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Homogentisate oxidaseo Has been explained in previous sessions
Biochemistry
Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder
bf2d413c-1741-453f-8623-23a909586133
Feature of fat embolism includes all except: (PGI Dec 2010)
Tachypnoea
Systemic hypoxia may occur
Fat globules in urine are diagnostic
Commonly Manifests after several days of trauma
3d
multi
Ans: D Commonly Manifests after several days of trauma Commonly Manifests after several days of trauma- this is rarely seen . Hence, this statement is wrong. Correct statement is- Usually manifests itself within 24-48 hours of trauma "Sputum & urine mav reveal the presence of fat a lobulesQ"- Maheswari 3rd/34 Fat Embol...
Unknown
null
6bd76703-29fe-4064-b2d7-9969a31568ba
All of the following hereditary conditions predispose to CNS tumors, except
Neurofibromatosis 1 & 2
Tuberous sclerosis
Von-Hippel-Lindau syndrome
Xeroderma pigmentosum
3d
multi
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a genetic disorder in which there is a decreased ability to repair DNA damage such as that caused by ultraviolet (UV) light. Symptoms may include a severe sunburn after only a few minutes in the sun, freckling in sun exposed areas, dry skin and changes in skin pigmentation.it doesn't cause...
Medicine
C.N.S
15ef7e48-1d2a-497f-9266-8b9428d0c759
ACL prevents
Anterior displacement of fibula
Posterior displacement of tibia
Anterior displacement of femur
Posterior displacement of femur
3d
single
Anterior cruciate ligament prevents Posterior dislocation of femur on tibia Anterior displacement of tibia on femur Ref: Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basics of Clinical Practice 41 e pg 1394.
Anatomy
Lower limb
66ed606d-1eed-4925-85c3-dafe90683fd5
Which of the following is not true about bulimia nervosa?
Invariable weight loss with endocrine disorder
Occurrence of both binge eating and inappropriate compensatory behaviors
Recurrent episodes of binge eating
Recurrent self - induced vomiting
0a
multi
Bulimia nervosa: Characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by inappropriate ways of stopping weight gain - Purging (self-induced vomiting Weight is normal but there is fear of gaining weight Hypokalemia and Hypochloremia alkalosis Endocrine disorders are seen in anorexia nervosa and not bulimia nervosa.
Psychiatry
Eating Disorders
442fa731-65c1-461b-ab3c-368b35e26cfa
Excessive sexual desire in males is known as
Nymphomania
Satyriasis
Triabadism
Sadism
1b
single
Disorders of Appetitive Phase (Sexual Desire Disorders)1. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder:This disorder is characterised by an absence of fantasies and desire for sexual activity which is not secondary to other sexual dysfunctions, such as premature ejaculation or dyspareunia.This disorder is many times more common i...
Psychiatry
Sleep disorders and eating disorders
4e0f3355-c351-4849-ade5-fcdeb96c35d6
All are true regarding chloroquine, except ?
Acts only on exo erythrocytic cycle
Acts on DNA and RNA of parasite
Causes pigmentation of nail and mucosa
Infected RBC has more drug
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acts only on exoerythrocytic cycle o It is a rabidly acting erythrocytic Schizontacide against all species of plasmodium. o It has no effect on pre and exoerythric stage.
Pharmacology
null
3bfe5c54-64f5-40ad-900c-01e12f641224
In the cell membrane, the following is true -
Lipids are regularly arranged
Lipids are symmetrical
Protein displaced laterally
None
2c
multi
There is lateral diffusion of protein and lipids in membrane.
Physiology
null
0232a481-b59b-4f54-bc0b-a2b8b35469fa
Which of the following benign condition can mimic cancer in the breast?
Accessory Axillary Breast Tissue
Fat necrosis
Fibrocystic disease
Granulomatous Mastitis
1b
single
The presentations of fat necrosis are protean and can closely mimic cancer as a painless palpable mass, skin thickening or retraction, or mammographic densities or calcifications. About half of affected women have a history of breast trauma or prior surgery.Duct ectasia too can mimic cancerDuct ectasia presents as a pa...
Pathology
Breast
8a55330d-4ca5-4177-bdbc-ea2cdff4d78b
A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus very much wants to become pregnant. What should her physician tell her regarding pregnancy in lupus patients?
There is no increased risk to the baby.
There may be an increase in cardiovascular malformations
There may be an increase in nervous system malformations.
There may be an increase in spontaneous aboions and prematurity.
3d
single
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) predominantly affects younger women, and so the question of lupus and pregnancy may arise frequently in clinical practice. Patients with SLE have an increased incidence of spontaneous aboion, fetal death in utero, and prematurity. The mother may experience an exacerbation in the activ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
bcf20c86-9d86-4ca4-b3bf-400fae24d563
Not true regarding meibomian glands
Arranged veically
More in upper lid than in lower lid
Modified sebaceous glands
Open in follicles of eyelashes
3d
multi
* Meibomian glands open in eyelid margins Meibomian glands Arranged veically More in upper lid than in lower lid Modified sebaceous glands Open in eyelid margins Constitute the oily layer of tear film Internal Hordeolum is the infection of meibomian gland
Ophthalmology
Lacrimal Apparatus and Eyelid Disorders
72db3d9b-bc82-44ad-bb37-cc24a9710be2
The laser procedure, most often used for treating iris neovascularization is -
Goniophotocoagulation
Laser trabeculoplasty
Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP)
Laser iridoplasty
2c
single
Panretinal photocoagulation is used to prevent fuher neovascularization Ref:Comprehensive ophthalmology-AK Khurana 6th edition chapter-10 page no:250 Ref:Comprehensive ophthalmology-AK Khurana 6th edition chapter-10 page no:250
Ophthalmology
Glaucoma
ab4e4eb4-4b81-4b58-8801-79e8d581e24b
All of the following drugs are used in the treatment of Pneumocystis carni pneumonia, except?
Pentamidine
Dapsone
Cotrimoxazole
Fluoroquinolones
3d
multi
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Cotrimoxazole) is the drug of choice of Pneumocystis carini pneumonia. Other drugs effective in its treatment are dapsone, pentamidine, atovaquone, primaquine and clindamycin. Methylprednisolone is also indicated in HIV positive patients with moderate to severe PCP. Fluoroquinolones are n...
Medicine
null
8e666d76-e390-42a4-8390-9fe031088129
Best marker for chronic PEM is -
Weight for age
Height for age
Weight for Height
Head circumference
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Height for age Assessment of PEM* Weight for age = Acute* Height for age = Chronic* Weight for Height = Acute on chronicAge dependent factors* Weight# Height* Head circumference# Chest circumferenceAge independent factor* Mid arm circumference# Kanawati index* Me Laren's index# Quae stick* Shakir tape...
Pediatrics
Nutrition, Food Security, and Health
4d479168-dc99-4de6-8775-854e41dedb80
All are seen in reiter's syndrome except?
Subcutaneous nodules
Oral ulcers
Keratoderma blenorrhagicum
Circinate balanitis
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Subcutaneous nodules Arthropathy following a recent leisure trip suggests reactive arthritis.Eye involvement points towards Reiter's syndrome.Reactive arthritis refers to acute nonpurulent arthritis, complicating an infection elsewhere in the body.Reiter's syndrome is one of the classic forms of react...
Skin
Autoimmune Skin Disorders
9a400d12-b925-48f6-8180-e5512e0c594a
L1 L2 L3 serovar of chlamydia trachomatis cause ?
Trachoma
Inclusion conjuctivitis
NGU
LGV
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., LGV
Microbiology
null