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8c1fe206-540d-4512-b655-6a07625df9ec | When pH of stomach lumen falls below 4, antrum of the stomach releases a peptide that acts locally to inhibit gastrim release. This peptide is | Intrinsic factor | Secretin | Somatostatin | Gastrin | 2c | multi | Somatostatin and Prostaglandins inhibits gastrin release. | Physiology | null |
e04408d7-af7b-43dc-a9b1-1d0d673d0eb0 | Anion-gap Metabolism with decreased vision occurs with the following poisoning | Cadmium | Mercury | Ethanol | Methanol | 3d | single | (D) Methanol# Acute intoxication with Methanol is common in chronic alcoholics.> Headache, vertigo, vomiting, abdominal pain, dyspnea, blurred vision, and hyperemia of the optic disc can occur.> Visual disturbances are caused by damage to retinal cells and the optic nerve by methanol metabolites.> Severe cases of intox... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
d29cc12d-80f3-413e-b756-8ae2eb8a7524 | After her first urinary tract infection (UTI), a 1-year-old girl has a voiding cystourethrogram with findings shown below. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment option? | Low-dose daily antibiotics | Immediate surgical reimplantation of the ureters | Weekly urinalyses and culture | Diet low in protein | 0a | multi | The radiograph shows reflux into the ureters and into the kidney, with dilation of the renal pelvis, making the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The higher the reflux into the renal system, especially if the renal pelvis is dilated, the more likely it is for renal damage to occur; the grading system is based u... | Pediatrics | Urinary Tract |
751422fa-c4c2-48b6-b1db-44c7a8f07234 | The most common congenital cardiac abnormality associated with the maternal rubella infection during pregnancy is | Atrial septal defect | Patent ductus aeriosus | Ventricular septal defect | Coarctation of aoa | 1b | single | Congenital rubella syndrome characterized by PDA,PS,VSD. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition ,p.no:401 | Pediatrics | C.V.S |
a0404fbd-ad9d-4e28-a006-548f3183ff78 | The most common side effect of IUD inseion is - | Bleeding | Pain | Pelvic | Ectopic pregnancy | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Bleeding o Most common side effect --> Bleeding o Most common side effect requiring removal of the device --> Pain | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
6a7858e8-7b84-4e31-9209-8e592fbd8b6f | Which of the following presents with a "string of pearl appearance"? | Pemphigus vulgaris | Bullous pemphigoid | Linear IgA disease | Dermatitis herpetiformis | 2c | single | The lesions in Linear IgA disease with a bimodal age distribution ie 60 yrs comprise of uicated plaques and papules, and annular, polycyclic lesions often with blistering around the edge, the string of pearls sign/cluster of jewels sign. | Skin | null |
48ae00fb-5de7-4c78-af28-a824572b8150 | Concealment of birth comes under which IPC? | 317 | 318 | 319 | 320 | 1b | single | Ans. (b) 318Ref. Parikh 6, p 5.87 | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
9d2ddb3e-bef0-43ef-8585-a2ac730b6523 | Lisch nodule and somatostatinoma in pancreas is seen in? | Neurofibromatosis | Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A | Turcot syndrome | Familial adenomatous polyposis | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Neurofibromatosis* Neurofibromatosis type 1/von Recklinghausen disease caused by inherited gene, the NF1 gene codes for the protein neurofibromin.* Patients with neurofibromatosis develop cafe-au-lait spots, and benign and malignant tumors of the nervous system.* Benign nervous system involvement include neuro... | Surgery | Pathophysiology - Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors |
917afbe2-1dbf-40b3-bf1a-dbac3e0f4fdf | Foramen scarpa is another name of | Mental foramen. | Incisive foramen | Infra orbital foramen. | Supraorbital foramen. | 1b | single | null | Anatomy | null |
a4dcc8b5-2d52-4297-a019-c79abe94af3c | The "knot" in judicial hanging is placed at | The back of the neck | The side of the neck | Below the chin | Choice of hangman | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. The side of the neck Though submental knot (below the chin) is thought to be more effective and ensures a quicker death; subaural knot (side of the neck under the angle of the jaw/mandible) on the left side is the preferred position in India as well as England. Judicial hanging causes fracture-dislocat... | Forensic Medicine | Injuries |
04b4e7d6-9982-48d9-b6c2-cd6d2d9e259a | Organ most commonly damaged in penetrating injury of abdomen is -a) Liverb) Small intestinec) Large intestined) Duodenum | ac | a | ab | bc | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
183cab54-79b5-40e0-a92c-38e176d69848 | Non-noxious stimuli perceived as pain is termed as: | Allodynia | Hyperalgesia | Hyperesthesia | Hyperpathia | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Allodynia) : Perception of a non painful stimulus (non-noxious stimulus) as 'pain' is termed as `allodynia'. Terminology Sensory Disturbance Allodynia Situation in which a non painful (non-noxious) stimulus once perceived is experienced as painful.( example is elicitation of a painful sensation by applicat... | Psychiatry | null |
ea5cd70b-aaf6-415c-9feb-c3adf07381ed | Not true regarding NK cells - | Active against malignant cells | Inactive MHC antigen for killing microorganisms | First line defense against viral infections | No prior sensitization required | 1b | multi | NK cell's cytotoxicity is not antibody dependent or MHC restricted :NK cellsNatural killer cells Reff: Anantharayan & Panikers textbook f microbiology 9th edition pg:137 | Microbiology | Immunology |
7c7dc71c-c1cc-4580-83d7-31b5382c5cae | Maximum oxygen concentration can be delivered by? | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | 3d | single | Choice D: Reservoir face mask is a high flow, variable performance device. At flow rate of 12-15L/min the delivered Fi02 is in the range of 75-90%. Choice C is simple face mask while choice B is Nasal cannula and both can deliver limited oxygen up to 40% due to diffusion and mixing with air. Choice A: Venturi mask is a... | Medicine | Flow Volume curve, Spirometry and DLCO |
f4b044af-b78b-4319-b0aa-f12608be7a90 | Hatter shake is seen in which poisoning? | Aluminum | Mercury | Lead | Arsenic | 1b | single | Ans. (b) MercuryRef. Harrison 18/e, chapter 371 | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques |
7a919782-d04e-4469-9f02-c5e1817214c6 | Graze is a type of ? | Bruise | Contusion | Laceration | Abrasion | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Abrasion Abrasion It is a destruction of the skin, which involves the superficial layers of the epidermis only. They are of 4 types: Scratches- its a abrasion with length but no significant width or a a very superficial incision. Grazes-most common. They occur when there is movement between the skin a... | Forensic Medicine | null |
817c552f-927c-4750-8ad7-b3f9b485bc07 | True about reliability of a test | Consistency and reproducibility of the test are not a problem | Investigator’s knowledge is important | Gives same results on repeated tests | Extent of variation of measurement of contained behaviour | 2c | multi | RELIABILITY OF A TEST
• Gives same results on repeated tests: Reliability
• Investigator’s knowledge is important
• Consistency and reproducibility of the test are not a problem
• Extent of variation of measurement of contained behaviour | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
80814582-7ca6-4445-8211-fc8710cf8312 | All are anti-oxidants except | Vit A | Vit C | Vit D | Vit E | 2c | multi | Antioxidant vitamins are vitamin C, carotenes and vitamin A, and vitamin E. | Biochemistry | null |
7acedce9-1880-45f6-8d2b-42bf7d920bca | Streptococcus causing rheumatic hea disease is | Streptococcus milleri | Streptococcus mutans | Streptococcus pyogenes | Streptococcus equisimilis | 2c | single | Streptococcus pyogenes infection leads to two impoant non-suppurative post-streptococcal sequelae - acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. This complication ensues 1-3 weeks after the acute infection so that the organism may not be detectable when sequelae set in. In rheumatic fever, carditis, including co... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
940ad782-1cdb-4775-b499-68da9d210105 | In the incidence of primary angle closure glaucoma, male to female ratio is: | 1:01 | 1:02 | 1:03 | 1:04 | 3d | single | Ans. 1:4 | Ophthalmology | null |
95046eb2-90c8-424b-9a61-b6b32a9fd4c5 | At 29 weeks gestational age, it becomes apparent that the fetus has developed hydrops. All of the following are characteristics of fetal hydrops Except | Polyhydramnios | Small placenta | Pericardial effusion | Subcutaneous edema | 1b | multi | Fetal hydrops occurs as a result of excessive and prolonged hemolysis due to isoimmunization.Characteristics of fetal hydrops include abnormal fluid in two or more sites such as the thorax, abdomen, and skin. The placenta is also markedly erythematous, enlarged, and boggy. In addition, massive hepatomegaly and splenome... | Microbiology | All India exam |
15b7a7b1-97e9-42e4-aa91-28b1229f08a5 | Global rupture due to blunt trauma is indicated by | Blow out fracture | Lens sublu xati on | Contusion + haemorrhage + low intraocular pressure | Proptosis and decreased mobility of muscle | 2c | single | C i.e. Contusion + Haemorrhage + Low intraocular pressure Complications of Blunt Trauma Voissius ring (on anterior surface of lens) Q Rossette shaped cataract Q Angle recession with secondary glaucoma Q Global rupture indicated by contusion, haemorrhage & low intraocular pressure Q Hyphaema with elevated lop | Ophthalmology | null |
a81d68e9-f7f6-4538-9a5e-4a8018d3afa4 | Not a feature of septic tank | Used where public sewerage system is adequate | Water tight compartment | Used where water supply is adequate | Used for personal and small public use | 0a | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5a0b4040-da02-425b-a1e9-91b9424dd2c8 | A patient presents to a clinic with complaints of headache, fatigue. Lab data show serum sodium, 122 mEq/L; serum osmolality, 240 mOsm/L; urine osmolality, 455 mOsm/L. which condition best correlates with these data? | Neurogenic diabetes insipidus | Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus | Diabetes mellitus | SIADH | 3d | single | Hyponatremia, hypo-osmolality, and inappropriately concentrated urine are characteristic of SIADH. The syndrome results from excessive secretion of vasopressin. This could be due to ectopic tumor secretion of vasopressin, various central nervous system complications, or it could be drug induced. The increased vasopre... | Unknown | null |
72c40b34-7322-4af6-a61d-86126f91a7cd | Very severe pneumonia in a child include all except | No feeding | Fever | Chest indrawing | Stridor | 1b | multi | Ref. The Short Textbook of Pediatrics. Pg 435 | Unknown | null |
c56e657a-f4a5-4181-92a4-13e36a5b9b00 | Calibre is defined as - | Distance between two diametrically opposite grooves | Distance between two diametrically opposite lands | Distance between two diametrically opposite lands and grooves | Ratio of the length and width of the barrel | 1b | multi | The synopsis of forensic medicine & toxicology ; Dr k.s narayan reddy ; 28th edition ; Pg.no. 122 It is also called gauge . Also refer fig 8-16 (cross section of a rifled barrel) | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical injuries |
b408d916-7ca1-4fd0-9d10-0805561cf9dc | Which of the following test is used to detect signs of organic brain damage? | Rorschach Test | Bender Gestalt Test | Sentence Completion Test k | Thematic Aperception Test | 1b | single | Bender Gestalt test is a brief, nonverbal, perceptual motor assessment instrument. It was originally developed by Lauretta Bender as a measure of visual motor maturation in children. In this test patients are asked to copy designs from the card (containing design) in front of them. Now it is most widely used as a scree... | Psychiatry | null |
082a8346-1113-445e-90c3-1e245b9fae2d | Which of these is a water soluble vitamin? | Vitamin A | Vitamin B12 | Vitamin D | Vitamin E | 1b | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
4b0822ee-9350-4478-8f86-5bce965031fe | Not a feature of chronic liver disease | Hepatomegaly | Variceal bleeding | hepatic encephalopathy | Koilonychia | 3d | single | Koilonychia is not a feature of chronic liver disease. | Medicine | null |
f030f2d7-870b-465c-b4f0-834ab0e66f40 | Earliest presentation of hypopituitarism in adults is? | Growth failure | Anosmia | Visual field defects | Hypogonadism | 3d | single | In children the earliest presentation of hypopituitarism is growth retardation and hypogonadism is the earliest manifestation in adults. Trophic hormone failure with pituitary compression or destruction usually occurs sequentially. Sequence of fall of hormonal levels is GH>FSH>LH>TSH>ACTH. 1st hormone to fall in Sheeha... | Medicine | Disorders of pituitary gland |
082a5d7c-670f-4f28-8c0b-55af105cc15d | A patient who was on aspirin for long period was selected for an elective surgery. What should be done | Stop aspirin for 7 days | Infusion of fresh frozen plasma | Infusion of platelett concentration | Go ahead with surgery maintaining adequate hemostasis | 0a | single | A i.e. Stop Aspirin for 7 days | Anaesthesia | null |
ecc874b2-6e11-4bd8-95b4-084ff3900e9c | Fetal pas are palpable at the earliest by: Maharashtra 08 | 16 weeks | 18 weeks | 20 weeks | 28 weeks | 2c | single | Ans. 20 weeks | Forensic Medicine | null |
a32b13fa-d927-4396-9bc7-8a5f42c3828b | Incudo malleal joint belongs to which of the following group of joints? | Saddle joint | Pivot joint | Plane synol joint | Condylar joint | 0a | multi | Incudomalleal joint formed by the aiculation of head of malleus and head of incus is a saddle joint. Examples of Saddle joints: ? 1st carpometacarpal joints? Sternoclavicular joint? Calcaneocuboid joint? Incudo malleolar joint | Anatomy | null |
e9686f93-2cad-4ecc-af80-8860c36b5703 | Treatment of Choice for Annular Pancreas | Duodeno duodenostomy | Gastro jejunostomy | Vagotomy and GJ | Billroth 2 reconstruction | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Duodeno duodenostomyRef: Bailey And Love 27th edition Page 1219* Annular Pancreas is the result of failure of complete rotation of ventral pancreatic bud during development, so that the ring of pancreatic tissue is surrounding the 2nd or 3rd part of pancreas.* Most common in down syndrome cases.* Presents with... | Surgery | Pancreas |
b2f4acdb-d947-4007-b8f7-43fbc2f53b79 | Commonest cause of short stature in children | Under nutrition | Hypothyroidism | Familial short stature | Constitutional delay | 3d | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
2926177a-04b6-41ab-b344-ec8f7663e802 | All are true statement about spinal cord except | Coccygeal ligament is investing layer of dura over filum terminale | Dural sac ends at S2 veebra | Cords ends at lower border of L1 | Filum terminate extends up to coccyx | 0a | multi | Final terminal is the pia connecting conus medullaris to coccyx. Below the end of Dural sac at S2, dura encloses this filum and attaches to coccyx as coccygeal ligament.(Ref: Vishram Singh textbook of clinical neuroanatomy second edition pg 53) | Anatomy | Brain |
353f1f40-ddec-4b48-b69d-3fcb31cf72ae | All are involved in energy metabolism except ? | Vitamin B, | Vitamin B3 | Vitamin B7 | Vitamin B12 | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Vitamin B12 The active forms of five of the B Vitamins paicipate in the release of energy from carbohydrate, fat and proteins. These five vitamins of Vitamin B group which are involved in energy metabolism are :-Thiamin (Vitamin BI)Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)Niacin (Vitamin B3)Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5... | Biochemistry | null |
96716f22-0f35-4fed-9a4b-9868742d19c8 | A patient presented with history of recurrent attacks of optic neuritis, an episode of transverse myelitis with no white mater lesions on mri brain. Aquaporin 4 antibody testing was positive. What is the most likely diagnosis? | multiple sclerosis | neuromyelitis optica | acute disseminated encephalomyelitis | miller fischer syndrome | 3d | single | In patients with NMO, attacks of ON can be bilateral and produce severe visual loss (uncommon in MS); myelitis can be severe and transverse (rare in MS) and is typically longitudinally extensive involving three or more contiguous veebral segments. Also in contrast to MS, progressive symptoms typically do not occur in N... | Medicine | C.N.S |
dd502839-cbb7-44f0-b72b-e456bac9c7a3 | Ventouse in 2nd stage of labour is contraindicated in: | Persistent occipito-posterior position | Heart disease | Uterine inertia | Preterm labour | 3d | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
3b22b4e2-5001-4f66-8770-02796f08747f | Alpha feto protein is increased in | Hepatoblastoma | Neuroblastoma | Seminoma | Renal cell carcinoma | 0a | single | Alpha fetoprotein AFP is a normal component of plasma protein of the fetus secreted by yolk sac and embryonal hepatocytes(fetal liver) which usually reduces after bih and persists as a low value level. Normal value is upto 10 ng/ml. It is an impoant tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (100-1000 ng/ml). It also i... | Surgery | Urology |
b1ed5dcc-c3d8-442c-bc3e-1266ea347227 | ↑ energy linear acceleration used in- | X-ray | Cathode rays | Photon rays | α - rays | 0a | single | X-ray tubes produce X-ray by accelerating electrons to high energies. | Radiology | null |
32c40140-27c0-49a2-b4ab-e4de11062868 | H. pylori causes - | Type A Gastritis | Type B gastritis | Autoimmune | Allergic Gastritis | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
beb0bcc4-4be8-474c-8bf4-6b1919076d6d | Metastasis not'ound in - | Femur | Humerus | Fibula | Spine | 2c | single | Extremities distal to elbow and knee are least commonly involved in metastasis.
Fibula is distal to knee. | Orthopaedics | null |
d6d04ead-afda-4dac-927f-e3585cfcb8db | MHC is impoant in pathogenesis of: March 2005 | Idiopathic disease | latrogenic diseases | Auto-immune diseases | Tumours | 2c | single | Ans. C: Auto-immune diseasesThe major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large genomic region or gene family.It is the most gene-dense region of the mammalian genome and plays an impoant role in the immune system and autoimmunity.The proteins encoded by the MHC are expressed on the surface of cells and display both ... | Pathology | null |
77a8ac86-2bc0-42b5-838a-f563f9331aac | If a drug is excreted in urine at the rate of 10 mg/hr at a steady-state plasma concentration of 5 mg/L, then its renal clearance is: | 0.5 L/hr | 2.0 L/hr | 5.0 L/hr | 20 L/hr | 1b | single | Ans. B. 2.0L/hra. Rate of elimination (RoE)- Amount of drug/timeb. Clearance (Cl):- rate of elimination/concentrationc. In the given MCQ, RoE=10mg/hr;Con=5mg/L,d. Therefore, Cl=10/5=2L/hr | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology |
99d3b611-97a3-42e0-8e8a-c5c174914098 | NOT true regarding Azygos and Hemiazygos Veins are | Right 2nd, 3rd, 4th posterior Intercostal veins form Right Superior intercostal vein that drains into Azygos vein | Right 1st posterior Intercostal Vein drain directly to Right Brachioceplalic Vein | Left 2nd, 3rd, 4th posterior Intercostal veins form Left Superior intercostal vein that drains into Accessory Hemiazygos vein | Left 1st posterior Intercostal Vein drain directly to Left Brachioceplalic Vein | 2c | multi | Left 2nd, 3rd, 4th posterior Intercostal veins form Left Superior intercostal vein that drains into left Brachioaphalic vein. | Anatomy | null |
9a8b9b00-a70f-474e-b956-435a759db233 | Which of the following statements are True or False about Cretinism? 1. Goitre present at bih 2. Can be diagnosed by serum T4 levels 3. Most commonly seen in Iodine deficiency endemic areas 4. Skeletal development is delayed 5. Physiological jaundice is prolonged | 1,2,3 True & 4,5 False | 1,4,5 True & 2,3 False | 3,4,5 True & 1,2 False | 1,2,3 False & 4,5 True | 2c | multi | Physiological jaundice is prolonged and skeletal development is delayed in cretinism. It is commonly seen in Iodine deficiency endemic areas. Ref: Ghai, 6th Edition, Page 122 | Pediatrics | null |
0ebe7e40-27fe-47a7-a939-0951a2e0f43a | Ocular bobbing? | Midbrain | Pons | Medulla | Coex | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pons Square-wave erks Not localizing Macro square-wave erks Cerebellum Macrosaccadic oscillation Cerebellum Voluntary nystagmus Volitional Saccadic pulses Cerebellum, lower brainstem Ocular flutter Cerebellum, lower brainstem Opsoclonus Cerebellum, lower brainstem Ocular bobbing Pons | Ophthalmology | null |
a966a320-c8c8-4dea-ba99-366f8aea37bc | Proximal & distal renal tubular acidosis is differentiated by all, except: | Stones in kidney | Hypokalemia | Daily acid secretion | Presence of Fanconi syndrome | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Hypokalemia): | Medicine | null |
ca69c564-4381-4fc6-a468-e79263297c97 | For myringoplasty, Graft material of choice is | Peritoneum | Palmar fascia | Temporalis fascia | Fascia lata | 2c | single | Low metabolic rate, no need for a separate incision, same thickness as that of tympanic membrane ours the use of temporalis fascia. Other graft materials also include perichondrium, dura and cadaveric tympanic membrane. Re: Textbook of Ear, Nose and Throat, Dhingra, 6th Edition | ENT | Diagnostic and operative ENT |
b1b43b96-91c5-49ca-a9f1-5c118c54ee2a | A Pt. has ecchymoses and petechiae all over the body with no hepatospleenongaly. All are true except ? | Increased megakaryocytes in bone narrow | Bleeding into the foints | Decreased platelet in blood | Disease resolves itslef in 80% of Pt. in 2-6 weeks | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bleeding into the joints o Petechiae and ecchymoses all over the body with no hepatosplenomegaly suggest Idiopathic thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) Hematemesis, melena and bleeding in the joints are unusual (They are seen when there is loss of coagulation factors) More than 80% of cases resolve spontan... | Pediatrics | null |
5942bb07-4170-4d5b-ad89-78bebac43ac3 | Most common fracture in the children is | Supracondylar humerus | Tibia fracture | Fracture shaft of the femur | Metatarsal fracture | 0a | single | (Supra condylar humerus) (596-Apley's 8th)Supracondylar fracture of humerus - usually seen in children suggest an extenson injury, usually due to a fall on the outstretched hand. The distal fragments is pushed backwards and (because the forearm is usually in pronation) twisted inwards, sometimes injuring the brachial a... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Arm & Elbow |
5a131bcf-4e6a-412e-b99e-dca0b8c69ac3 | Meckel's diveiculum is a derivative of - | Allantoic diveiculum | Vitellointestinal duct | Ventral mesogastrium | Ductus aeriosus | 1b | multi | Answer is 'b' ie vitellointestinal duct The Vitellointestinal duct or the omphalomesentric duct is the connection between the yolk sac and the developing gut. Normally, it gets obliterated and disappears. But sometimes it may persist in various forms giving rise to congenital anomalies:? a. Umbilical fecal fistula - du... | Surgery | null |
82101f07-ab8a-464d-a17e-6815feaefe97 | Positional veigo is most commonly seen due to pathology in | Lateral semicircular canal | Superior semicircular canal | Inferior semicircular canal | Posterior semicircular canal | 3d | single | Positional veigo is commonly due to pathology in the Posterior Semicircular Canal.BPPV is the commonest cause of peripheral veigoRef: Hazarika; 3rd ed; Pg 105 | ENT | Ear |
8298ab5b-dbc3-49c0-aca9-da096f700a5f | The Halophilic Vibrio that is implicated in gastroenteritis is which of the following? | Vibrio Mimicus | Vibrio Vulnificus | Vibrio Alginolyticus | Vibrio Parahaemolyticus | 3d | single | It is the causative agent of food poisoning due to sea fish. Usual signs are abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting and fever. Feces contain cellular exudate and blood. Dehydration is moderate. Recovery occurs in 1-3 days. Common in summer and in adults. Ref: Ananthanarayan & Panicker's, 8th Edition, Page 312 | Microbiology | null |
3dad0c2d-5b9c-4508-b526-42d14bad3052 | What does Serum ferritin level | Decreased capacity to absorb iron | Microcytic hypochromic anemia | Absent body iron stores | Sideroblastic anemia | 2c | single | The serum ferritin level is the laboratory test to estimate iron stores. As iron stores are depleted, the serum ferritin falls to Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 847 | Medicine | null |
1329167d-0ce5-42f9-8be1-0999da85c950 | 'Which of the following is NOT used in treatment of hairy cell leukemia: | Steroid | Pentostatin | Splenectomy | Alpha-interferon | 0a | single | Answer is A (Steroid) Steroid has no role in treatment of hairy cell leukemia. Cladribine is the drug of choice. Clinical complete remissions with cladribine occur in majority of patients and longterm disease free survival is frequent. Treatment of hairy cell leukemia is chemotherapy with Cladribine : Drug of choice. A... | Medicine | null |
af50b446-99fa-4dc2-80ae-c3b11434e55e | GnRH agonist therapy for leiomyoma is given for | 2 → 4 months | 3 → 6 months | 4 → 8 months | 5 → 10 months | 1b | single | GnRH agonist treatment is continued for 3 → 6 months. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ff946a3c-d427-421d-bb7b-b9c36fc25d05 | Galton's system is used for - | Dactylography | Poroscopy | Ridgeology | None | 0a | multi | Dactylography (Galton's system) → Study of finger prints.
Poroscopy (Locard's system) → Study of number, sizes and distribution of pores of sweat glands on ridges (used when only a part of the finger print is available).
Program → Study of the footprint.
Cheiloscopy (queiloscopy) → Study of lip prints.
Rugoscopy (Palat... | Forensic Medicine | null |
fb3ab446-f250-4636-9121-b8abf96545d5 | Which of the following conditions shows susceptibility to squamous cell carcinoma in skin? | Epidermodysplasia verruciformis | Actinic keratosis | Xeroderma pigmentosum | All the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above Squamous Cell Carcinoma:* Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common tumor arising on sunexposed sites in older people, exceeded only by basal cell carcinoma.* Except for lesions on the lower legs, these tumors have a higher incidence in men than in women.* Invasive squamous cell ... | Surgery | Neoplasia |
77ebf7bd-4e76-4791-a522-b3a72d98438d | In hepatic cirrhosis, which of the following is increased - | Alpha 1 globulin | Alpha 2 globulin | Gamma globulin | All of the above | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
e0964ff7-73e1-4a6f-ade9-1573aaff2f0d | Atavism is resemblence of features to | Mother | Father | Neighbour | Grandfather | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Grandfather "In Atavism the child does not resemble its parents but its grandparents" - Parikh, 6/e. | Forensic Medicine | Misc. |
eebbc01e-3687-42e9-be41-5ac175409aab | Total number of genes in a human being is? | 800,000 | 50,000 | 100,000 | 30,000 | 3d | single | D i.e. 30,000 | Biochemistry | null |
fbb36bba-e891-4b3c-ad3b-d0cbdbedf99f | Complete Rx of intussception is indicated by | Free passage of barium in the terminal ileum | Passage of feces and flatus along with barium | Improvement of clinical condition | None | 0a | multi | null | Surgery | null |
62ff3826-f09c-49ee-8337-2963295bb0db | A 25-year-old male presents with swelling over right knee since 1 month. The radiograph is shown here. Which of the following statement is true regarding this condition? | It is a bone forming primary malignant tumour of bone | Codmans triangle can be seen | Hematogenous spread with lung metastasis are common. | All of above | 3d | multi | Osteosarcoma This primary malignant bone-forming neoplasm is rare, but is still the commonest primary malignant lesion of bone after myeloma. | Pathology | All India exam |
1c81c6b1-87ca-4b7d-b0e3-39ab2c4d3a42 | A 45-year-old man presents to the clinic for evaluation of weakness in his arms and legs. The symptoms started gradually, and are now more noticeable and interfering with his ability to work as an electrician. On physical examination, the cranial nerves are normal, but there is weakness of his left handgrip and right l... | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | myotonic muscular dystrophy | amyotonia congenita | tabes dorsalis | 0a | multi | The most common initial symptom of ALS is weakness and wasting of the extremities. The fasciculations can be a very prominent part of the disease. This is rare in other neurologic disorders. | Medicine | C.N.S. |
e99507f5-41f1-4f0c-98fe-079b1c60ae32 | Palmaris Brevis is supplied by: | Median nerve | Ulnar Nerve | Radial Nerve | Musculocutaneous nerve | 1b | single | Ans. B. Ulnar Nervea. In the proximal forearm, ulnar nerve gives muscular branches to: (a) flexor carpi ulnaris, and (b) medial half of flexor digitorum profundus.b. In the mid-forearm, it gives off palmar cutaneous branch, which provide sensory innervation to the skin over the hypothenar eminence.c. About 5 cm proxima... | Anatomy | Upper Extremity |
1a18c20f-842b-4f2a-bb8e-09c305304a27 | Browne's tube is used for - | Steam sterilization | Radiation | Chemical sterilization | Filtration | 0a | single | Brown's tube is the most commonly used chemical indicator of moist heat sterilization in the autoclave. It contains red solution that turns green when exposed to temperature of 121degC for 15 minutes in an autoclave. | Microbiology | General Microbiology Pa-2 and Pa-3 (Sterilization and Bacterial Genetics) |
3e66d463-3343-4009-9b5b-ad2b4eff5399 | Philadelphia chromosome is an example of- | Balanced translocation | Deletion | Non-dysjunction | Duplication | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Balanced translocation | Pathology | null |
2e44beef-a93b-41ea-9199-dc089328ba0a | Most common twins after assisted reproduction: | Monozygotic | Acardiac twin | Dizygotic twin | Conjoined twin | 2c | single | Most common twins after assisted reproduction are dizygotic twins. For increasing the success of IVF and the expenses involved, it's a norm to transfer 2-3 embryos of day 3 or 1-2 embryos of Day 5. For women lesser than 35 years, the implantation rate is better and hence these are the ones who have more multiple pregna... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Twin Pregnancy, Molar Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic disease and contraception in special situations (Sour Grapes!) |
a42e6c9b-cd6c-43a6-ac60-b95f1d628413 | Spasmolytic analgesic iS- | Dicyclomine | Physostigmine | Tropicamide | None | 0a | multi | Ans. is `a' i.e., Dicyclomine o Antispasmodic (spasmolytic) drugs are used in various colic (pain) e.g. abdominal colic or renal colic. o Among the given options, dicyclomine is spasmolytic. | Pharmacology | null |
d3734a53-7189-40c0-a10f-3a3f861fcdca | Omalizumab is ? | Anti IgM antibody | AntilgG antibody | Anti IgE antibody | Anti IgD antibody | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Anti IgE antibody | Pharmacology | null |
ddcb345f-367a-4447-9bb9-8a603499348b | Common site of bleeding: | Woodruff's plexus | Brown area | Little's area | Vestibular area | 2c | single | Sites of Epistaxis 1) Little's area - 90% 2) Above the level of middle turbinate- From anterior and posterior ethmoidal vessels 3) Below the level of middle turbinate-From sphenopalatine aery 4) Posterior pa of nasal cavity 5) Nasopharynx 6) Diffuse -Both from septum and lateral nasal wall; Seen in general systemic dis... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
2d5b06be-f317-477e-8e98-4fcaa746e0b9 | In normal NST, the time period for two or three accelerations that peak at 15 bpm or more above baseline is: | 3 | 15 | 20 | 60 | 2c | multi | Definition of nonstress test (NST) currently recommended by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Academy of Pediatrics: Two or more accelerations that peak at 15 bpm or more above baseline, each lasting 15 seconds or more, and all occurring within 20 minutes of beginning the test. Ac... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d55dc5b2-6c3c-4e6e-8c96-e08422cfcd95 | Which of the following movements of thumb are not affected in radial nerve injury: | Opposition | Flexion | Adduction | All | 3d | multi | A i.e. Opposition; C i.e. Adduction; B i.e. Flexion Posterior interosseous branch of radial nerve supplies extensor pollicis longus & brevis (EPL & EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (AbPL)Q (3) thumb muscles. So radial nerve injury weakens (affects) abduction & extension movements of thumb and spares flexion, adduction... | Anatomy | null |
ac90ec88-2fd9-497a-8260-ba8aa3f7993a | Schwartze sign seen in: | Glomus jugulare | Otosclerosis | Meniere's disease | Acoustic neuroma | 1b | single | (b) Otosclerosis(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2213)10% cases of otosclerosis are active. In these the active division is taking place on the medial wall of middle ear leading to increased vascularity. This appears pinkish through the intact tympanic membrane leading to flamingo pink appearance of TM also known as Schwartze ... | ENT | Otosclerosis |
facb6045-682b-4207-8338-3d34096083b9 | Statin having longest half life: | Rosuvastatin | Pravastatin | Simvastatin | Lovastatin | 0a | single | Rosuvastatin It is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, having a mechanism of action similar to that of other statins. Its approximate elimination half life is 19 h and its time to peak plasma concentration is reached in 3-5 h following oral administration. REF : katzung pharmacology : 14th ed | Pharmacology | All India exam |
9c058b12-6bd7-400c-acda-26d6d653c770 | Telmisaan lowers blood pressure by - | Inhibiting formation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II | Inhibiting conversion of renin to angiotensin I | Blocking ATI receptors | Interfering with degradation of bradykinin | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Blocking ATI receptors ACE inhibitors : Captopril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril, perindopril, imidapril, trandopril, benazepril, fosinopril. Ren in inhibitors : Aliskiren, remikiren, enakiren. ATI blockers : Losaan, candesaan, irbesaan, valsaan, telmisaan. | Pharmacology | null |
674089d2-fbfd-4696-9ea0-58f055aa85aa | Insulin non dependent DM correlate with which fat reserve - | Intraabdominal fat | Lower body fat | Subcutaneous fat | Upper body fat | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.. Intraabdominal fat {Ref: Harrison 18th/e p. 2968-2975; IT^/e p. 2279]Risk factors for type 2 Diabetes mellitusObesityo The risk of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or type 2 diabetes rises with increasing body weight.o The NHS demonstrated an approximately 100-fold increased risk of incident diabetes ... | Medicine | Diabites & Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone |
fe37ce63-399d-4495-b41a-c0f633993323 | Paramesonephric duct forms: | Seminal vesicle | Ureter | Uterus | Vas deferens | 2c | single | Ans. is c, i.e UterusPara mesonephric duct is the other name for Mullerian duct so now we don't need any explanation for this one. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Malformation of the Female Generative Organs |
045f4102-f784-47fe-aac7-1f2550fc4f36 | Thyroid cancer associated with radiation exposure? | Medullary | Papillary | Follicular | Anaplastic carcinoma | 1b | single | Ans. (b) PapillaryRef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. / 763-64* Ionizing radiation can cause genetic mutations leading to malignant transformation.* This association is much stronger for thyroid cancer than for other malignancies, and radiation is the only well-established environmental risk factor for thyroid malignancy.* The... | Surgery | Thyroid Malignancies |
e55fd0e0-cea1-47e4-b492-5646c8cc37d6 | Pro-inflammatory Cytokines include all of the following except - | Interleukin 1 | Interleukin 6 | Interleukin-10 | TNF-Alpha | 2c | multi | Cytokines are involved in the immunological reaction, but some cytokines may also take part in inflammation.
o They may be: -
1. Proinflammatory cytokines
Involved in the amplification of inflammation and tissue destruction.
IL-1 & TNF-a are the two most important proinflammatory cytokines. IL-6 may also act as a proi... | Pathology | null |
e2891448-9e64-4845-af58-158c7f749be5 | Multifocal tumor of vascular origin in a patient of AIDS? | Kaposi sarcoma | Astrocytoma | Gastric Carcinoma | Primary CNS lymphoma | 0a | single | kaposi sarcoma commonly seen in patient with AIDS REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.576 | Microbiology | Virology |
e6d29122-e711-49c1-a652-424ff57217f9 | Ebstein anomaly is associated with all of the following Except | Patent PDA | Massive hea on chest X-ray | VSD | Tall, broad P wave | 2c | multi | EBSTEIN'S ANOMALY:Ebstein's anomaly is due to the abnormal downward displacement of tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.Tricuspid valve has 3 leaflets- anterior, posterior and septalAnterior leaflet of valve retains attached to valve ring and the other two leaflets displaced downwards.HEMODYNAMICS:The displaced tr... | Pediatrics | All India exam |
7303fbcb-ffcd-450d-bcbc-1f4d814c0da5 | Botulin toxin acts by: | Decreases Secretion of Ach | Decreases Synthesis of Ach | Muscle nerve block | Inhibits Ach release | 0a | single | Decreases Secretion of Ach | Microbiology | null |
c560ad86-f316-44b0-b2e8-aa6ed968d257 | Which of the following is not related to epidemiology ? | Promotion of health | Identification of etiology of disease | To collect data of magnitude of health problem | To teach a medical student how to conduct safe delivery | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., To teach a medical student how to conduct safe delivery According to the International Epidemiological Association (IEA), epidemiology has three main aims : a) To describe the distribution and magnitude of health and disease problems in human populations. b) To identify aetiological factors (risk fact... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
d791387f-f4a4-4b94-a23c-6da137ba6cd5 | 1st formed dental tissue | Enamel | Dentin | Cementum | Bone | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
7f53fe63-87b3-435e-9174-554c55dbaa78 | Which is not an intermediate filament? | Desmin | Vimentin | Tubulin | Keratin | 2c | single | Intermediate filaments - resist external pressure cell type specific: used as cellular markers Types Nuclear(Lamin-A,B,C) Vimentin like (Vimentin, desmin, GFAP, peripherin) Epithelial(Types 1,2 keratin) Axonal( Neurofilament proteins- NF-L,M,H) | Physiology | Cell Membrane and transpo protiens |
547d43b6-d063-4ee5-8961-aeca1311cdb5 | Which one of the following drugs has been shown to offer protection from gastric aspiration syndrome in a patient with symptoms of reflex? | Ondansetron | Metoclopramide | Sodium citrate | Atropine | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
f5c26b1b-c60c-43f2-a746-1b20a184167a | Cellular bearings of herediatary disease seen in: | DNA | Ribosome | RNA | Membrane | 0a | single | A i.e. DNAHereditary information is preserved in DNA. Thus all genetic diseases are due to change in DNAQ. | Biochemistry | null |
dc299526-31d0-4a35-9381-1ca12f7b03c6 | The following test is not used for dignosis of leprosy- | Lepromin test | slit skin smear | Fine needle aspiration cytology | skin biopsy | 0a | single | Lepromatous test it is not a diagnostic test but a prognostic test. it helps in the classification of leprosy. antigens used for skin testing: mitsuda lepromin, Dharmendra leprominmanifests as biphasic reaction: early Fernandez (48-72hrs)and late mitsuda reaction (3-4weeks)Represents Cmi towards antigen. Erythema and i... | Dental | Bacterial infections |
bba0900f-0d84-41a8-9763-a3be0300221a | Kuffer cells are found in: | Hea | Lungs | Liver | Spleen | 2c | single | Liver | Pathology | null |
67a939b9-daa4-46ad-b7bf-36dc31189c94 | Not a Epiphyseal tumors | Chondroblastoma | Osteoclastoma | Clear cell Chandrosarcoma | Simple bone Cyst | 3d | single | Simple bone cyst (Unicameral bone cyst) is a Metaphyseal tumor. | Radiology | null |
583ef76d-7f69-4a9c-a47d-ef3c3ce71bc3 | Rupture of supraspinatus manifests as - | Painful movements | Flat shoulders | Difficulty in initiation of abduction | Difficulty in abduction after 90° | 2c | single | Supraspinatus is responsible for shoulder abduction for the first 15 degrees. If it is torn completely, the initiation of abduction is impossible. Passive abduction upto 15 degrees allows other muscles to take over for further abduction. | Anatomy | null |
a52abc75-74da-44a9-acb1-fb19bfa63b8c | A night shift worker complains of profuse Rhinorrhea and Sneezing for the past few days . Which among the following drug can be given to him ? | Promethazine | Fexofenadine | Chlorpheniramine | Pheniramine | 1b | single | 1st generation anti histamines 2nd generation anti histamines 1. Chlorphenaramine 2. Promethazine 3. Diphenhydramine 4. Cyclizine 5. Meclizine 6. phenaramine 1. Terfenadine 2. Fexofenadine 3. levocetrizine 4. Loratidine Note : All the 1st generation drugs can cross BBB and produce CNS actions so all 1st generation anti... | Pharmacology | Histamine, 5-HT and PGs |
24abc81c-ff9b-4368-b987-5a453d36f4ef | Commonest cause of A-V fistulae is:- | Congenital | Traumatic | Surgical creation | Tumor erosion | 0a | single | Aeriovenous Fistula (AVF) MC type of AVF: Congenital MC cause of acquired AVF: Penetrating trauma | Surgery | Aerial disorders |
e768da65-b7eb-45a5-85c4-a1bf7c1b56dc | Preferred incision for abdominal exploration in Blunt injury abdomen is | A.Always Midline incision | B.Depending upon the organ | C.Transverse incision | D.Paramedian | 0a | single | Adults Upper midline incision extending down across the left of the umbilicus is the preferred incision. But can be extended into the thorax or do horizontal T or extended as needed depending on internal organ injury Paediatric abdomen:- The abdomen is wider with the bladder intra abdominal. Transverse supraumbilical i... | Surgery | Trauma |
e0d25686-873f-4cf1-a14b-dc21a44a8bd9 | Drugs associated with ischemic stroke include the following except - | Cocaine | Oral contraceptives | Amphetamines | Barbiturates | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
064479d4-90c7-4e04-92d0-7131cdac602a | According to the WHO criteria, anaemia in infants of 6 months age is defined as Hb less than: | 100 gm/litre | 105 gm/litre | 110 gm/litre | 115 gm/litre | 2c | single | Please note that 110g/litre= 11g/dl A WHO expe group proposed that anaemia or deficiency should be considered to exist when haemoglobin is below the following levels: Cut-off points for the diagnosis of anaemia: AGE GROUP VENOUS BLOOD (g/dl) MCHC (%) Adult males 13 34 Adult females, non-pregnant 12 34 Adult females, pr... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
f1ed6405-44f1-417f-9a2f-e58d032aff37 | Which of the following drugs has spasmolytic activity and could also be used in the management of seizure caused by overdose of a local anesthetic? | Baclofen | Dantrolene | Diazepam | Tizanidine | 2c | single | IV diazepam controls convulsions. In fact these can be prevented by preanesthetic administration of diazepam (1-2 mg/kg),especially if large doses are to be used. From padmaja 4th edition Page no 201 | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
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