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1c1c609f-0b4d-4e5f-a1d4-de040d6c8080 | Parapharyngeal abscess-all true except - | Midline swelling | Abscess in pharyngo maxillary space | Trismus | Torticollis | 0a | multi | Parapharyngeal abscess is a lateral swelling (not midline). | ENT | null |
8b3e720d-7fc8-491b-929f-d89759b651ce | Macrosomia is defined as weight of fetus: | >3 kg | >3.5 kg | >4 kg | 4.5 kg | 3d | single | Ans is d, i.e. 4.5 kg(Wiliams Obs 25/e pg 857)Macrosomia is weight of baby >=4.5kg"The ACOG (2016a) Concludes that the term macrosomia was an appropriate appellation for newborns who weigh 4500 gm or a more at birth" | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical & Surgical Illness Complication Pregnancy |
3efb9634-e31e-40a9-8a9b-c95d61fdb865 | A high-risk dental caries individual is on preventive
schedule, the sugar exposure should be: | Reduced to meal times | Reduced to no exposure permanently | Reduced to no exposure for 21 days | Reduced to meal time exposure for 21 days | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
c09833f2-d41e-4f5f-a8c7-3e5d61a77a65 | Because of positive biopsy findings and negative workup, he undergoes a radical prostatectomy. The pathology report reveals Gleason score 9/10 and involvement of several pelvic lymph nodes. Which is the most likely site for prostatic cancer metastasis? | Liver | Kidney | Lung | Bone | 3d | single | Bone metastasis is a characteristic feature of prostatic cancer. The lesions are typically osteoblastic on x-ray, and the serum acid phosphatase level becomes elevated. | Surgery | Urethra & Penis |
a61d5ac5-d532-445f-ae0f-9592ac1f453a | Most common cause of neonatal diarrhea worldwide is: | Rotavirus | Adenovirus | Norwalk virus | Cholera | 0a | single | a. Rotavirus(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1616)In early childhood, the single most important cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea is rotavirus infection. | Pediatrics | General Considerations - Infectious Diseases |
6e9a9f3f-56c3-4a1d-bc7d-caa550f88788 | Dried blood drop of an infant can be used to know: | Blood sugar | Inborn errors of metabolism | Hepatitis | Cataract | 1b | single | ANS. BDried blood drop test:Advantage: Minimal volume, minimal training, ease of transport.Usedfor:* Phenylketonuria (PKU)* Galactosemia* Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)* Sickle cell disease.Inborn errors of amino acid metabolism associated with peculiar odorInborn error in metabolismUrine odorGlutaric acidemia (Type ... | Biochemistry | Nutrition & Digestion |
67ab023d-58dd-454b-ae47-a27343fadbe7 | Name of the parotid duct: March 2007 | Stensons duct | Nasolacrimal duct | Whaons duct | None of the above | 0a | multi | Stensons duct | Anatomy | null |
1a23b92f-868d-4022-8259-12d8651ead0f | Not a cause of acute pancreatitis | Mumps | Gall stones | Trauma | Hypocalcemia | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) HypocalcemiaRef: Bailey and Love 26th/e p. 1127* Hypercalcemia and Hypertriglyceridemia causes acute pancreatitis * Recall the mnemonic I mentioned in theory "GET SMASHED" for acute pancreatitis causes. | Surgery | Pancreas |
f3eed528-2810-4750-a17b-cc9b78042f9d | Which of the following structures does the fetal allantoic duct become in the adult? | Cloaca | Medial umbilical ligament | Urachus | Ureter | 2c | multi | Urachus The urachus is a fibrous remnant of the allantois, a canal that drains the urinary bladder of the fetus that joins and runs within the umbilical cord. The fibrous remnant lies in the space of Retzius, between the transversalis fascia anteriorly and the peritoneum posteriorly. | Anatomy | All India exam |
bce82efa-be05-4429-b655-796241b4e572 | Epithelium is absent in lens on ? | Anterior surface | Anterior pole | Posterior surface | At zonular attachment | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Posterior surface Anatomy of crystalline lens There are three structural elements that make up lens - 1. Lens capsule A transparent membrane surrounding the lens like a pocket. It is thicker over the anterior surface than the posterior surface. It is thickest at pre- equator region and thinnest at the... | Ophthalmology | null |
5355e490-43ab-419f-a742-f53cf337a29b | Which of the following depicts the usual order of extraction of teeth if serial extraction is chosen as the treatment to alleviate severe crowding? | Primary second molars, primary first molars, permanent first premolars, primary canines | Primary canines, primary first molars, permanent first premolars | Primary first molars, primary second molars, primary canines | Primary canines, permanent canines, primary first molars, permanent first premolars | 1b | multi | Primary canines are extracted to encourage alignment of the crowded incisors. However, the incisors align and upright, borrowing space otherwise needed for eruption of the permanent canine. Primary first molars are then extracted to encourage eruption of the first premolar so it may be extracted to make room for the pe... | Dental | null |
f1c4ad0e-6cfc-4551-8af4-8fd1f7d4e2df | Hyperextension of PIP and Flexion of DIP is seen in which deformity | Swan neck | Mallet finger | Lumbricals paralysis | Boutonniere's | 0a | multi | null | Orthopaedics | null |
13f633a7-1e61-4b93-b53e-e73e211231c7 | Which of the following enzyme is NAD+ dependent? | HMG CoA reductase | Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase | Acyl CoA dehydrogenase | Succinate dehydrogenase | 1b | single | Dehydrogenases:
These enzymes cannot utilize oxygen as hydrogen acceptor.
They catalyse the reversible transfer of hydrogen from one substrate to another and, thus, bring about oxidation reduction reactions.
There are a large number of enzymes belonging to this group
NAD+ dependent dehydrogenases, e.g. alcohol dehyd... | Biochemistry | null |
61ff97e2-c0a9-4e3c-b714-cf2c2016e4d7 | Which one of the following acts as the major neurotransmitter in substantia nigra | Serotonin | Acetylcholine | Dopamine | Noradrenaline | 2c | single | (C) Dopamine > The long dopamine systems are the nigrostriatal system, which projects from the substantia nigra to the striatum and is involved in Motor control. | Physiology | Nervous System |
674b62c7-b9e9-40b9-bf1e-ee89599554f5 | Webbing of neck, increased carrying angle, low posterior hair line and sho fouh metacarpal are characteristics of- | Klinefelter syndrome | Turner syndrome | Cri du chat syndrome | Noonan syndrome | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Turner's syndrome | Pediatrics | null |
e2a07458-5e1b-40be-bfbe-8bb462b90500 | Gettler test detects: NEET 14 | Diatoms in drowning | Chloride content of blood in drowning | Weight of lungs in drowning | Magnesium content of blood in drowning | 1b | single | Ans. Chloride content of blood in drowning | Forensic Medicine | null |
dde742f3-acc5-4a6d-8524-49b462e92b42 | A 45 year old woman attends gynecology department with prolonged vaginal bleeding. On examination, cervical lesion is found that bleeds on touch. Her past history is insignificant. She had undergone pap smear around 10 years ago, which was normal. What is the next best investigation | Hysteroscopy | MRI scan - pelvis | Cervical punch biopsy | LEEP | 2c | single | Histological diagnosis has to be made prior to imaging or treatment. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
66841bcd-7ecd-46a2-9faa-25c33735dd21 | In Target 10 of Goal 7 of Millennium Development Goal, "access" to an improved water source mean? | Availability of at least 20L water / person/ day from a source within 1 km of dwelling | Availability of at least 20L water / person/ day from a source within 1.5 km of dwelling | Availability of at least 15L water / person/ day from a source within 1 km of dwelling | Availability of at least 15L water / person/ day from a source within 1.5 km of dwelling | 0a | single | Propoion (%) of population with sustainable access to an improved water source, rural (G7.710.130) : "improved" water sources means household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, rainwater collection. "Access" means the availability of at least 20 litres water per person per day... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
10485c4a-dfa7-474a-9090-81bbbf632fc4 | Schick test in diphtheria is done to know: | Carriers | Subseceptibles | Diseased | Immunized | 1b | single | Subseceptibles | Microbiology | null |
185b82ca-0c04-449c-8f0b-7f64a97803e1 | Lung volume reduction surgery is used in the management of | Bronchial asthma | Interstitial lung disease | Chronic bronchitis | Emphysema | 3d | single | Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) reduce volume of lung in emphysema. Patients with upper lobe-predominant emphysema and a low post-rehabilitation exercise capacity are most likely to benefit from LVRS. Patients are excluded if they have significant pleural disease, a pulmonary aery systolic pressure >45 mmHg, extre... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
10b873ef-f50c-4ab5-8bda-4ba832d785ff | For Foreign bodies are retained in the larynx causing choking, first line of management is | Airway inseion | Hemilich manouvere | Hemilich valve | Tracheostomy | 1b | single | Hemilich manouvere | Anaesthesia | null |
cd6ff4bb-f5c1-47e0-a84d-a3ca6beb9c01 | Ramesh Singh, a 40 yrs old man, was admitted with fracture shaft femur following a road traffic accident. On 2nd he became disoriented. He was found to be tachypnoeic, and had conjunctival petechiae. Most likely diagnosis is: | Pulomary embolism | Sepsis syndrome | Fat embolism | Hemothorex | 2c | single | C i.e. Fat embolism | Surgery | null |
b6f0a9bc-0f48-4dd0-97b2-95a116771516 | A young patient with dysphagia more for liquids than solids. He regurgitates food often at night. Radiography shows a rat tailed appearance. Likely diagnosis is : | Achlasia cardia | CA oesophagus | Zenker's diveiculum | Diffuse esophageal spasm | 0a | single | Answer is A (Achlasia cardia) Presence of dysphagia which is more for liquids than for solids along with a characteristic rat tail appearance on radiography in a young patient suggests the diagnosis of aehalasia. Malignancy (CA esophagus) usually presents with dysphagia which is more for solids than for liquids and is ... | Medicine | null |
3496265f-0a8c-4b5e-b8eb-c6a2c8069a84 | Dendrites in cast alloys form by mechanism of | constitutional superconductivity | constitutional supercooling | constitutional supergriting | constitutional supergraining | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
56aec486-6782-4b21-9695-238f1eabd1ff | Distressing Complication after modified radical mastectomy? | Lymphedema | Axillary vein thrombosis | Seroma | Death | 0a | single | Complications of Mastectomy
• Seroma
−− MC complication, beneath skin flaps and axilla, occurs in 30% cases
−− Catheter is retained until drainage is <30 ml/day
• Wound infection
−− Majority are due to skin flap necrosis
• Lymphedema
−− Occurs less frequently with the standard axillary dissections.
−− Extensive LN diss... | Surgery | null |
47fa165e-ecde-427b-b73a-22acbdcc0bc5 | All are true about meta-analysis except:- | Easy to conduct | Analysis of analyses | Funnel plot and forest plot are used | Apple oranges effect seen in it | 0a | multi | Metanalysis:- Analysis of Analyses. Analysis of multiple studies together. Difficult to Conduct, but it does give you the best estimate for a given study design-Strength of Association. Funnel plot, forest plot are used. Disadvantages:- Publication bias. "Apple Orange Effect" seen in it. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
bfd749d9-a1e8-47ee-8340-f2bf5a19f6dc | Broad complex tachycardia due to ventricular a tachycardia is suggested by | Fusion Beats | AV dissociation | Capture Beats | All | 3d | multi | Answer is A, B, C (Fusion beats; Capture beats and AV dissociation) Presence of Fusion beats, capture beats and AV dissociation is charachteristic of ventricular tachycardia. ECG feature that suppo a diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia (Vt) in patients with Wide Complex Tachycardia (Incomplete List) Presence of Fusion... | Medicine | null |
cd729c51-2436-47d5-8bfb-c90128c6e4e6 | Not a feature of delirium tremens is: | Confusion (clouding of consciousness) | Visual hallucinations | Coarse tremors | Occulomotor nerve palsy (ophthalmoplegia) | 3d | multi | D i.e. Occulomotor nerve palsy opthalmoplegia | Psychiatry | null |
118d1109-d175-4d78-afa3-29c7cfb6ec76 | Which of following acts as a vector of West Nile fever? | Culex mosquito | Tick | Mite | Flea | 0a | single | (A) Culex mosquito# West Nile virus (or WNV) is a virus of the family Flaviviridae. Part of the Japanese encephalitis (JE) antigenic complex of viruses, it is found in both tropical and temperate regions. It mainly infects birds, but is known to infect humans, horses, dogs, cats, bats, chipmunks, skunks, squirrels, and... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Miscellaneous |
3b76dd11-d921-4dbb-a85f-01ca8d802e44 | Flag hair sign is seen in | Kwashiorkor | Marasmus | Scurvy | Pellagra | 0a | single | Ans. (a) KwashiorkorRef: Nelson's Pedia, 19th ed. Ch 670# kwashiorkorDisease due to decreased protein and caloric intake.Clinical Features are:# Hypoalbuminemia which leads to pedal edema# Hepatomegaly- Hallmark feature of kwashiorkor# Skin: Sun-exposed skin is relatively spared, as are the feet and dorsal aspects of t... | Pediatrics | Nutrition, Food Security, and Health |
0093f9f8-1e2a-4087-bfaf-0210cde7e301 | Which of the following is the treatment of choice for Atrial Fibrillation in patients with WPW Syndrome who are hemodynamically unstable: | Procainamide | Digoxin | DC Cardioversion | Radiofrequency Ablation of the bypass tract | 2c | multi | Answer is C (DC Cardioversion) DC Cardioversion is the treatment of choice to terminate Atrial Fibrillation in patients with WPW Syndrome who are hemodynamically unstable (Life threatening Situations). | Medicine | null |
a4153ca6-d84a-4f83-842c-9afcaab923d6 | Diabetic patients are advised to avoid foods with high glycemic index. Which of the following has highest glycemic index? | Pasta | White rice | Yoghu | Whole wheat bread | 1b | single | The glycemic index of a starchy food is a measure of its digestibility, based on the extent to which it raises the blood concentration of glucose compared with an equivalent amount of glucose or a reference food such as white bread or boiled rice. Eating foods with low glycemic index will result in lower glucose levels... | Physiology | null |
2ee74934-320b-4d95-94ac-94922a91a29c | All are true about staing of Beta blocker therapy in a patient with congestive hea failure except | That should be staed with optimum doses | They should be gradually increased over weeks | Special precautions should be taken in cases of NYHA class III and IV | Carvedilol and metoprolol are the preferred drugs | 0a | multi | Ref-Goodman and Gillman 11/e p1336 Clinical use of Beta adrenergic receptor antagonist in hea failure These are now recommended for routine use in class Il or Ill symptoms in conjunction with ACE inhibitoror angiotensin-receptor antagonist, and diuretics These should be initiated at very low doses, generally less than ... | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
ed80b16b-eb34-4b8b-ad6a-b3b996dcc5e0 | Aminoglycosides are given in a single dose rather than thrice daily because of following reason? | Very long half life | Time Dependent Killing | Increased binding to plasma proteins | Long Post Antibiotic effect | 3d | single | Aminoglycosides exe Concentration Dependent Bactericidal action and Long Post-Antibiotic effect ,such that the antibacterial activity persists beyond the time during which measurable drug is present.Therefore higher plasma concentrations attained after the single daily dose will be equally or more effective than the di... | Pharmacology | Protein Synthesis Inhibitors |
3a9729bb-d9af-4474-a6dc-6db8dad4965a | Which of the following statments is not true of McBurney's incsion - | Most suitable if the diagnosis of appendicitis is definite | If it is converted into a muscle cutting incision it is called Rutherford Morison's incision | Inguinal hernia is a sequlae of the incision | The incision can be extended upwards or downwards | 3d | multi | Incision is extended upwards and laterally not downwards. | Surgery | null |
4b13daae-490f-4e0e-bec2-094b491f5a85 | Fick's law, flux of Geomembrane increased in: | Concentration across | Temperature | Increased size of molecule | Weight | 0a | single | A i.e. Concentration acrossAccording to Fick's law of diffusion, the net rate of diffusion is directly propoional to available surface area across which diffusion is taking place and the concentration or chemical gradient but inversely propoional to thickness of membraneQ.Fick's Law of DiffusionThe magnitude of diffusi... | Physiology | null |
4e85fe8a-4d19-48dc-a396-254ad102b742 | The most potent and longest acting anaesthesia is: | Tetracaine | Bupivacaine | Dibucaine | Lidocaine | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
3a09ac6a-d987-4337-9ec2-ed250101a5de | Which of the following muscle relaxant has the maximum duration of action - | Atracurium | Vecuronium | Rocuronium | Doxacurium | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Doxacurium o Amongst the given options doxacurium is longest acting (Duration of action 90-120 minutes). Rocuronium (duration of action 30-60 minutes), Atracurium (duration of action 30-60 minutes) and vecuronium (duration of action 60-90 minutes) have shoer duration of action than doxacurium. | Pharmacology | null |
f6afdd95-1282-483f-9b44-4fecaff1d4de | Tumour marker of endodermal sinus tumour of ovary : | a feto proteins | CA 125 | HCG | CEA | 0a | single | a feto proteins | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e8e5f95e-0fcb-41ce-ba0f-5282b1952359 | Which of the following has a normal level of alpha fetoprotein value in serum? | Ovarian dysgerminoma | Hepatoblastoma | Embroynal carcinoma | Yolk sac tumours | 0a | single | Alp is used as serum tumour marker in some conditions . Ref - harrison's internal medicine 20e p441 , Davidson's medicine 23e p1324 | Medicine | Endocrinology |
19f3a7cc-44f6-44a6-8d93-0472f019634b | Which is most comonly implicated in genital (vul- val) was ? | HPV -16 | HPV 18 | HPV 31 | HPV 6 | 3d | single | Ans. is d i.e. HPV 6 "Low Risk HPV types 6 and 11 cause nearly all genital was." Details of Genital Was : Genital was are leisons created from productive infection with HPV (most common type 6 and 11). They display various morphologies and appearances ranging from flat papules to the classic verrucous, polyphytic lesio... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8d06f38c-6d02-46c7-b0b4-820de7a83554 | NOT included in immunization schedule: | Kala azar | Polio | Hepatitis | BCG | 0a | single | Ans. (a) KalaazarRef. K. Park 21sted. /113* Indian Academy of Pediatrics (LAP) approved following vaccines (Kala Azar is NOT included in schedule)* Following vaccines are approved by LAP: Polio, hepatitis, BCG, DPT, Hib, MMR, TT, typhoid. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and Health |
1b0e0469-5aea-4fc8-af16-351d0f1617e2 | Which of the following liver disorders is a complication associated with oral contraceptives? | Drug-induced hepatitis with fatty change | Cholangiocarcinoma | Cavernous hemangiomas | Intrahepatic cholestasis | 3d | single | Oral contraceptives produce an intrahepatic cholestasis that is unpredictable (not related to the dose). The incidence of liver cell adenomas is also increased as a result of oral contraceptive use. These vascular tumors have a tendency to rupture during pregnancy, paicularly those in a subcapsular location. A purpoed ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraception |
b3a4c8ea-65de-44ad-b8e2-a94f18ad750e | Predominant osteoblastic secondaries are seen in: | Prostate Ca | Breast Ca | Bone Ca | Stomach Ca | 0a | single | Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th edition. Bone misc tumors chapter Pg: 1205Explanation:The radiographic manifestations of metastases may he purely lytic, purely blastic. or mixed lytic and blastic.In lytic lesions, the metastatic cells secrete substances such as prostaglandins, cytokines, and PTH-related p... | Unknown | null |
db7b1feb-b153-4d3c-9f06-d77b8031c76b | Alpo&;s syndrome is due to defective- | Collagen | Elastin | Fibrillin | Proteoglycan | 0a | single | Out of various hereditary nephritis, Alpo's syndrome is relatively more common and has been extensively studied. This is an X-linked dominant disorder having a mutation in a-5 chain of type IV collagen located on X-chromosome. Ref: Harsh Mohans textbook of pathology 6th edition page 678 | Pathology | Urinary tract |
d6327066-e7f2-4cd8-a426-6a7fb64094a8 | a - adrenoreceptor stimulation effects are : | Vasoconstriction | Vasodilatation | Broncho constriction | Alveolar bronchoconstriction | 0a | single | A i.e. Vasoconstriction | Physiology | null |
840ff0a5-1a33-4e93-a957-a686f6f3a585 | Percentage of para-para isomer in DDT is: | 20-30% | 40-50% | 60-70% | 70-80% | 1b | single | 40-50% | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ebd1224e-ffd8-40a4-9c00-babe203410a9 | The nerve of latarjet of the vagus is seen in - | Thorax | Neck | Stomach | Heart | 2c | single | Main gastric nerve of Latarjet is a branch of vagus and supplies the stomach. | Anatomy | null |
90bb1335-b437-48db-b8c9-08b2533cb777 | On a cephalogram if FMA angle is 25° the patient is: | Long face | Short face | Average face | Mandibular growth is rotated backwards | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
5ee15481-5f04-46a7-9de6-a4bd3bd1654b | Apical third root fracture in a vital tooth are related by: | Extraction. | Relieve from occlusion and observe. | RCT. | Any of the above. | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
272d0170-055f-4db7-9a20-3e0a3f14957c | Most common type of emphysema is:March 2013 | Centriacinar | Panacinar | Paraseptal | Irregular | 0a | single | Ans. A i.e. CentriacinarEmphysemaIt is COPD.It is defined pathologically as an abnormal permanent enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by the destruction of alveolar walls and without obvious fibrosis.It frequently occurs in association with chronic bronchitis.Patients have been cla... | Pathology | null |
25108e19-f12c-4015-a21e-a3958259835f | Best test for lung fibrosis | Chest x-ray | MRI | HRCT | Biopsy | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., HRCT Lung fibrosis is a diffuse parenchymal lung disease. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is the most common form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. We have already discussed that best investigation for interstitial lung disease is HRCT Estimated relative frequency of the interstitial lung disease Di... | Medicine | null |
5406eb23-beff-4d11-b6f3-38f4af78c8b6 | Which of the following is the inheritance pattern of Familial Hypercholesterolemia? | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | X Linked dominant | X Linked recessive | 0a | single | Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disorder that causes severe elevations in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc). The LDL receptor gene is located on the sho arm of chromosome 19. It is the primary determinant of hepatic LDL uptake, which normally processes approxim... | Biochemistry | null |
71aa3bbe-db47-410e-acfd-37aca66b741f | Tonsils are absent in: | Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome | DiGeorge syndrome | X linked agammaglobulinemia | Chediak Higashi syndrome | 2c | single | Tonsils are absent in X linked agammaglobulinemia | Pediatrics | Primary Immunodeficiency |
7190e43f-3cfd-4fc5-b736-83ad329b7c5b | Movement and eventual equilibrium of Na+, K+and Cl- across the muscle membrane would develop a potential of: | - 94 mV | - 89 mV | + 61 mV | - 86 mV | 3d | single | The question is for skeletal muscle; RMP = - 90 mV. When Na+, K+and Cl- are considered to diffuse together and reach equilibrium, the membrane potential at which all of them reach equilibrium can be calculated by Goldman's constant field equation. The equation takes into account the concentration gradients of the respe... | Physiology | Membrane potiential |
cb5a444e-eaa9-41c3-9eae-ad23028efb3a | Ideal treatment of rhinosporidiosis is | Rifampicin | Dapsone | Excision with cautery at base | Laser | 2c | single | Rhinosporodiosis * Rhinosporodiosis is a Fungal Granuloma. * Agent : Rhinosporidium seeberi. * Source : Contaminated water of ponds. Clinical features:- * Leafy polypoidal mass, pink to purple in color studded with while dots (Strawberry appearance). * It is highly vascular and bleeds on touch. * Patients complain of b... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
460d9113-1160-4026-8db6-18b977ddb77f | Which of these is the most impoant prognostic factor in ALL? | Hyperploidy | Total leucocyte count greater than 50,000 | Age | Response to steroids | 3d | multi | Responds to steroids is the most consistent marker in the patients of ALL. (ref Robbins 9th/590-593) | Anatomy | Haematology |
e51069d4-099f-4584-b6b2-168f04c9e236 | True regarding Kaposi's sarcoma? | Can occur even when CD4 is normal | HHV 8 is etiological agent | Koebner's phenomenon may be observed with it | All are true | 3d | multi | Ans. d (All are true) (Ref. Harrison 18th/ p 695)KAPOSI'S SARCOMA# Human herpes virus type 8 is believed to be the cause of most cases of Kaposi's sarcoma.# There are at least four distinct epidemiologic forms of KS:- The classic form that occurs in older men of predominantly Mediterranean or eastern European Jewish ba... | Skin | Skin Cancer |
3914901a-0ef0-49b1-88a9-06b40fa8ffe8 | Which of the following formula indicates 'Chargaff's rule'? | A + G = T + C | A/T = G/C | A = U = T = G = C | A + T = G + C | 1b | single | Always the two strands of DNA are complementary to each other. So, the adenine of one strand will pair with thymine of the opposite strand, while guanine will pair with cytosine. The base pairing (A with T; G with C) is called Chargaff's rule, which states that the number of purins is equal to the number of pyrimidines... | Biochemistry | null |
f3c2b991-253a-41b1-ae86-6972283478da | Hunter's syndrome is due to deficiency of: | Iduronate sulfatase | Hexosaminidase | Glucocerebrosidase | L-Iduronidase | 0a | single | a. Iduronate sulfatase(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 708-712, Ghai 8/e p 659-664)TypeNameEnzyme deficientClinical featuresIIHunter's syndromeIduronate sulfate sulfataseQCoarse face + Corneal Clouding + Dysostosis multiplex + Intellectual disability + Hepatosplenomegaly | Pediatrics | Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
d01c12cd-6f77-4aa8-a96b-6b3cd24d788b | The screening investigation of high risk neonates in ICU for suspected hearing loss is: | Otoacoustic emissions | Free field audiometry | Stapedial reflex testing | Pure tone audiometry | 0a | single | The screening investigation of choice of high-risk neonates in ICU for suspected hearing loss is otoacoustic emissions. | ENT | null |
795b4b1f-1ab6-41d0-bdc0-1d7ad9b3964c | In a patient of orbital cellulitis, microorganism on culture show greenish colonies and optochin sensitivity. The most likely organism is: | Strep, viridans | Staphylococcus | Pseudomonas | Pneumococcus | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., PneumococcusGram-positive cocci which form a-hemolytic colonies (Greenish colonies) and is optochin sensitive is pneumococcus.The characteristic features of pneumococcus are: (BIO) (Memory Aid)(a) Bile solubility.(b) Optochin sensitivity.(c) Inulin fermentation.(d) Shows quellung reaction (capsular de... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
0d557a07-3c99-4817-8d2f-2e1d7917043c | True of consonguineous marriges and genetic abnormalities are all except? | Increased risk of traits controlled by dominant genes | Increased risk of prenature death | Phenylketonuria is an example | Lowering of consanguineous marriges will improve community health | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Increased risk of traits controlled by dominant genesConsanguineous marriages: When blood relatives marry each other there is an increased risk in the offspring of traits controlled by recessive genes, and those determined by polygenes. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
185b11e5-246d-4dc8-a3ad-fa8b3e52199c | The site from which biopsy should not be taken is | When the lesion subsides on local treatment | Area with large, spontaneous enlargement | A pigmented lesion | A white plaque like lesion | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
f974f02d-919d-4542-b6f4-1fb285599e8a | Pulse pressure is: | 1/3 diastolic + 1/2 systolic B.P. | 1/2 diastolic + 1/3 systolic B.P. | Systolic - diastolic B.P. | Diastolic + 1/2 systolic B.P. | 2c | single | Answer is C (Systolic -- Diastolic B.P) Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure. | Medicine | null |
7b5f5645-13fe-440a-8e50-cac81ba46def | Ideal management of 37 weeks uncomplicated breech pregnancy is: March 2010 | Spontaneous vaginal delivery | Elective caesarean section | External cephalic version and trial of vaginal delivery | None | 2c | multi | Ans. C: External cephalic version and trial of vaginal delivery Indications for Elective caesarean section in breech presentation: Estimated fetal weight more than 3.5 kg Hyperextended head Footling presentation Associated complications Pelvic inadequacy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1aeefc71-7413-471e-9912-37b7be0c8777 | CPITN probe is designed by: | WHO | Nabers | Marques | Williams | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
d53812e5-bad0-4c9b-afc4-d1ca39e4e413 | All are features of Trachoma stage III, EXCEPT | Herbe's pits | Pannus | Necrosis in scar | Scar on tarsal conjunctiva | 1b | multi | B i.e. Pannus Stage III of trachoma is cicatristing or scarring stage -, so Herbe pits (are healed scars of Herbe follicles), scar on tarsal conjunctiva & necrosis in scar are all the features of stage III where as herbe follicles (Ha), papillary hyperplasia (Ilb), Pannus are found in stage II | Ophthalmology | null |
ff2fd1e7-ab00-4fb5-8edd-05d6b1970f17 | Blastomycosis is characterized by all except | Yeast like fungus | Commonly involves lung and skin | Dimorphic fungus | Common in South America | 3d | multi | Blastomycosis - infection is largely confined to the Noh America, it is also known as Noh American blastomycosis. Infection is acquired by inhalation so mainly affects lungs. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition | Microbiology | mycology |
e34ef6ed-23a2-41fc-9ba5-2e492f8c1acc | Which of the following conditions is characterized by episodes of excessive and uncontrolled eating: | Anorexia nervosa | Bulimia nervosa | Body dysmorphophobia | All of the above | 1b | multi | B ref: Ahuja, 4th/e p. 136-137 and 5th/ep. 151 | Psychiatry | Sleep Disorders |
89af0d4b-7d01-4ce7-90e9-b7fcbdf2dfdd | Which of the following drug is contraindicated in a patient with raised intracranial pressure? | Thiopentone | Propofol | Midazolam | Ketamine | 3d | single | ketamine increases all the pressures - blood pressure intracranial pressure intragastric pressure intraocular pressure In patients with increased ICP who are breathing spontaneously, ketamine should be used with caution because it can increase ICP and has been repoed to cause apnea. It is contraindicated. Ref: Miller's... | Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
42a27f30-4991-4ea6-9b20-0f0c7918202e | New Cross Auxiliaries means | Dental Nurses in Malaysia | Dental Nurses in Britain | Denturists in Denmark | Dental Nurses in Singapore | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
892454d1-bd76-4401-bdac-bcd4f3b0e377 | Selection bias occurs mainly in | Coho study | Case control study | RCT | All the above | 1b | multi | It's usually unwise to choose a control group of patients with one disease. This is because hospital controls are often a source of 'selection bias'. Many hospitals may have diseases that are also influenced by factors under study. In selection bias, cases and controls may not be representative of actual cases and cont... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
ac3b780c-1e94-48ab-b61a-ebb78b27361e | All are true about hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,Except- | Digoxin is useful | Abdominal pain | Jaundice | Bleeding | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
a62b6722-de16-425b-b4ba-807ec49f12eb | Which of the following statements about carcinogenesis is false? | Asbestos exposure increases the incidence of lung cancer | Exposure to aniline dyes predisposes to cancer of the urinary bladder | Papilloma viruses produce tumors in animals but not in humans | Hepatitis B virus has been implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
98309c09-2ea8-4c32-a872-beeff83fa726 | Most common site for medulloblastoma is: | Medulla | Cerebellum | Cerebrum | Pineal gland | 1b | single | Medulloblastoma usually arise in the midline of the cerebellum (the vermis) in children. In adults, where the incidence is much less than in children, they are more apt to arise in the cerebellar hemispheres in a lateral position. Mostly supratentorial CNS tumors occurs in adults. Infra tentorial tumors occur in childh... | Pathology | CNS Tumors |
bf23346f-8700-416c-bcf5-b243ee0956b5 | Bird's beak appearance is seen in: | Testicular torsion | Volvulus | Meconium ileus | Ileal atresia | 1b | single | Sigmoid volvulus often can be differentiated from cecal or transverse colon volvulus by the appearance of plain x-rays of the abdomen. Sigmoid volvulus produces a characteristic bent inner tube or coffee bean appearance, with the convexity of the loop lying in the right upper quadrant (opposite the site of obstruction)... | Surgery | null |
1044a263-57d4-4da7-a64a-e0198a75bbd3 | Which of the following drugs is NOT excreted in bile: | Erythromycin | Ampicillin | Rifampicin | Gentamicin | 3d | single | (Ref: KDT 6/e p674) Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside and is excreted renal route. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
d7e5b688-f6ed-443d-b2e6-6993b51dee97 | In sickle cell disease, which of the following does not influence the degree of sickling of red cells? | Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin | Intracellular pH | Intake of primaquine | Co-existing a-thalassemia | 2c | single | Intake of primaquine acts as a trigger for hemolysis in G6PD deficiency, and not related to sickle cell disease/sickling. Sickle cell disease Caused by a point mutation in which there is replacement of glutamic acid by valine at position 6 of the beta chain generating a sticky patch on the surface of HbS. The sticky pa... | Pathology | Hemoglobinopathies: Sickle cell anemia |
c1f61e22-2ace-4ee8-aa6d-d2a8ef283f12 | Deformity in posterior elbow dislocation | Flexion | Extension | Both | None | 0a | multi | Refer Clinical ohopedic p 786 In posterior elbow dislocation, elbow is flexed with exaggerated prominence of the olecranon | Anatomy | General anatomy |
21a60c35-ea7f-49e8-a731-efce53aa7caf | 26 year old female presents to OPD with small, round bluish nodule on her index nail bed which is painful and the pain fuher increases on exposure to cold. On examination it demonstrated increased pin-prick sensitivity. What could be most probable diagnosis? | Herpetic whitlow | Glomus tumor | Osteoma | Subungual hematoma | 1b | multi | Glomus tumors Benign, vascular neoplasms arising from the glomus body. Occur in the upper extremities, most frequently subungual areas. Present as a small, round, bluish nodule visible through the nail plate with a classic triad of symptoms: Hypersensitivity to cold Heightened pinprick sensitivity Paroxysmal pain Diagn... | Dental | Tumours of skin |
1948367c-d235-4e3d-b564-c1fada228e3f | The following ADR is seen with withdrawal of | Strychnine | Clonidine | Morphine | Baclofen | 2c | single | The picture shows piloerection which occurs due to sympathetic stimulation which is typically seen with opioid withdrawalRef: Goodman Gillman 12th ed pg 660 | Pharmacology | All India exam |
73ec07ea-f7ad-438b-a256-69df0edc1ec6 | Best way to prevent infection after cataract surgery is - | Antibiotics | Yebrows shaving | Through irrigation | None of the above | 0a | multi | The most impoant source of potentil infectious organisms is the patient's own natural conjunctival and skin flora. So, prophylactic antibiotic should adequately cover these organisms. The pre- operative topical antibiotic should be staed 3 days prior to sugery. Preferred antibiotics are fouh generaion fluoroquinolones ... | Ophthalmology | Lens |
f9e0843d-b481-4991-b2ed-43000ed1c4ef | A man is using nasal drops continuously for long period of time. What can be the possible adverse effect from its use? | Mulberry turbinate | Allergic rhinitis | Vasomotor rhinitis | Rhinitis Medicamentosa | 3d | multi | Continuous use of nasal decongestants for a long period of time result in severe mucosal edema, hyperemia, and nasal obstruction. On physical examination, the nasal mucosa will be thickened, erythematous, and edematous and will lack appreciable decongestion on topical decongestant application. Treatment of this conditi... | ENT | null |
6d44b238-afec-4f24-9944-22bcc9443d0d | A patient presents with hyperacusis, loss of lacrimation and loss of taste sensation in the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue. Oedema extends up to which level of facial nerve - | Vertical part | Vertical part proximal to nerve to stapedius | Vertical part and beyond nerve to stapedius | Proximal to geniculate ganglion | 3d | single | The patient is presenting with : -
Hyperacusis: - Nerve to stapedius is involved.
Loss of taste sensation in anterior 2/3 of tongue → Chorda tympani is involved.
Loss of lacrimation → Greater superficial petrosal nerve is involved.
Thus, the lesion is at or proximal to geniculate ganglion. | ENT | null |
046d0d69-6bfa-4e30-baf5-bdb1501c3316 | Russell body is found in: | WBC | RBC | Mast cells | Plasma cells | 3d | single | Ans. D. Plasma cellsInclusion body:a. Russell body (intracytoplasmic) found in plasma cellb. Dutcher body (nuclear)c. Inclusion of fibril crystalline Rods | Medicine | Myeloma |
a911b001-09cd-4cef-804d-5dd236247cb7 | Hasse's rule is for - | Fetal age | Fetal sex | Race | Fleight | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fetal ageo Hess's rule (Haase's rule): It is a rough method for calculating the age of fetus by measuring the length from crown to heel. Upto 5th month of gestation, length of foetus in cm is square of the month of gestation and beyound 5 months, length in cm is 5 times the month of gestation. | Forensic Medicine | Identification - Medicolegal aspects |
eabfcbc3-a5af-48a0-848c-8975a353d33c | Which of the following statements regarding the flow of lymph from lower limb is true: | | sed with change from supine to standing position | | sed in increased capillary permeability | | sed in deep vein valve incompetence | | sed by massage of foot | 3d | multi | The flow of lymph from lower limb is increased by massage of foot. Ref: Guyton and Hall - Textbook of Medical Physiology, 10th Edition, Page 173 and 11th Edition, Page 192; Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 22nd Edition, Page 593; Concepts in Medical Physiology By Seifter, 2005, Pages 163-64 | Physiology | null |
06a9b300-57f2-4a94-84fa-d1ca6a50a37a | Pilocarpine eye drops act as | Directly acting mydriatic | Directly acting miotic | Indirectly acting miotic | Indirectly acting mydriatic | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Directly acting mioticRef: KDT 7/e, p. 105It is a cholinomimetic alkaloid and acts directly on muscarinic receptors and also on ganglionic muscarinic receptors causing miosis, ciliary muscle contraction and fall in IOP. | Ophthalmology | Glaucoma |
0c8a65df-19aa-4801-9c28-25c44794577c | Drug of choice for supraventricular tachycardia is: | Verapamil | Diltiazem | Digoxin | Phenytoin | 0a | single | Ans. (A) Verapamil(Ref: Katzung 11th/e p243-244, KDT 8th/e p580-581)*Adenosine is DOC for PSVT termination.*Verapamil is DOC for prophylaxis of PSVT and for management of sustained supraventricular tachycardia. | Pharmacology | C.V.S |
58784734-ea2c-4b8d-ab15-c62aa000cb3c | All of the following are causes of exudative plural effusion except | Mesothelioma | Liver cirrhosis | Tuberculosis | Esophageal perforation | 1b | multi | (B) Liver cirrhosis DIFFERNETIAL DIAGNOSES OF PLEURAL EFFUSIONTRANSUDATE PLEURAL EFFUSIONS1. Congestive heart failure4. Nephrotic syndrome7 Myxedema2. Cirrhosis5 Peritoneal dialysis8 Urinothorax3. Pulmonary embolization6 Superior vena cava obstruction EXUDATIVE PLEURAL EFFUSIONS1. Neoplastic diseases5. Collagen-vascula... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
bcaf6a12-22b9-4cb6-907e-47658dfaccac | The substances present in the gall bladder stones or the kidney stones can be best identified by the following techniques - | Flourescence spectroscopy | Electron microscopy | Nuclear magnetic resonance | X - ray diffraction | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
65cac316-975b-4d8d-bc11-38239d6f7a2c | All are true about congenital diaphragmatic hernia except _____________ | Usually associated with polyhydramnios | Most commonly seen on left side | Moality associated with pulmonary hypoplasia | Pulmonary dilators markedly improve survival | 3d | multi | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia(CDH) occurs when the diaphragm muscle -- the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen -- fails to close during prenatal development, and the contents from the abdomen (stomach, intestines and/or liver) migrate into the chest through this hole. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics... | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract |
8038c003-54de-4ceb-b251-8bd7861e4b27 | A 14yr old girl on exposure to cold has pallor of exterimies followed by pain cyanosis.In later ages of life she is prone to develop | SLE | Scleroderma | Rheumatoid ahritis | Histiocytosis | 1b | multi | Ref Robbins 8/e p225;518; Harrison 18/e p2096,9/e p228- 229 Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an immunologic disorder characterized by excessive fibrosis in multiple tissues, obliterative vascular disease, and evidence of autoimmunity, mainly the production of multiple autoantibodies. It is commonly called scleroderma because... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
8f89884d-a3ad-429a-ba1e-10e8dc5f47d5 | Not used for erectile dysfunction ? | Beta-blockers | Sildenafil | PG-E | Papaverine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'A' i.e., Beta-blockersDrugs used for erectile dysfunction1. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (Sildenafil, Tadalafil, Vardenafil).By inhibiting PDE-5, these drugs prevent degradation of cGMP and potentiate the action of NO.These are the DOC for pharmacological therapy of erectile dysfunction.2.Alprostadil (Prosta... | Psychiatry | null |
3ae3d987-996d-4616-87e0-50d8f134cee2 | A postmenopausal women with a family history of osteoporosis completes a bone mineral density work-up and you find her T-score is -2.6. She tried a sho course of teriparitide a year ago but complained of serious depression and mood changes. You decided to try an antibody-based therapy and schedule a time for an injecti... | Calcitonin | Dihydrotachysterol | Infliximab | Denusomab | 3d | single | Denosumab:- It is a human monoclonal antibody which inhibits osteoclast differentiation and function as well as promotes their apoptosis. It is a treatment option for postmenopausal osteoporosis when no other drug is appropriate. Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-346 | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
81475538-58c7-4a35-b82b-620d8c1a44e2 | The boundaries of the inguinal triangle include all of the following, EXCEPT: | Lateral border of rectus abdominis | Inguinal ligament | Inferior epigastric aery | Linea alba | 3d | multi | Inguinal triangle is a region defined by the following structures:Rectus abdominis muscle (medially)Inguinal ligament (inferiorly)Inferior epigastric vessels (superior and laterally)It is the region in which direct inguinal hernias protrude through the abdominal wall.The Hesselbach triangle is bounded by the inguinal l... | Anatomy | null |
bb44e985-1611-4084-aa87-60d7068e7977 | What is the content of ethinyl estradiol in very low dose oral contraceptives? | 30 Yg | 25 Yg | 20 Yg | 15 Yg | 0a | single | <p> Governments of India has made available 2 types of low-dose oral pills under the brand names of MALA-N and MALA-D. It contains ethinyl estradiol 30 micrograms and levonorgestrel 0.15 milligrams. Reference:Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:500. <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Non communicable diseases |
a94de835-b840-4f92-87fc-9eecc3a639eb | Xanthoma dissemination is associated with:- | Down's Syndrome | Diabetes Insipidus | Lymphoma | Ca Pancreas | 1b | single | Xanthoma dissemination Non-Familial Non-Langerhan Histiocytosis. C/F : Presents with Xanthoma like lesion, we see reddish yellow papules over the whole body. Associated with Diabetes Insipidus. | Medicine | JIPMER 2018 |
40320be4-db19-4fc8-8273-d225f9d9859b | Young lady comes with mild erosion of cervix and pap smear shows dysplasia, next step is: | Antibiotics | Colposcopy | Cryosurgery | Conization | 0a | multi | Ans. is a, i.e. AntibioticsRef: Jeffcoate 7th/ed, p410-l; Dutta Gynae. 4th/ed, p250The erosion should first be treated with antibiotics and then pap smear repeated. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Carcinoma Cervix |
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