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b6f300c6-d41c-477d-9a2e-0cb95a489673 | Basal cell degeneration seen in – | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Pemphigus | DLE | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
01015afe-21d9-4c77-8b8e-fad543feda67 | Double bubble sign in an X-ray abdomen is indicative of: | Annular pancreas | Ileal atresia | Anal rectal malformation | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. Annular pancreas | Radiology | null |
04af1a86-513d-4069-9a98-2f0364e7919b | Sample collection for renal tuberculosis is | Single early morning urine sample | 24 hours urine collection | 3 random urine collection | 3 morning sample of urine | 3d | single | BACTERIOLOGICAL:- The diagnosis of genitourinary TB is confirmed on a tuberculin test or atleast three consecutive early morning samples of urine are collected and sent for microscopy (Ziehl-Neelsen staining), culture on Lowenstein-Jensen medium. RADIOGRAPHY:- A plain abdominal radiograph may show calcified lesions of ... | Surgery | Urology |
88935015-14eb-405c-8075-2fc61ed6751e | Fat-soluble vitamins, compared with their water soluble counterpas. generally have a greater potential toxicity for because they are | Administeicd in larger doses | Avidly stored by the body | Capable ot dissolving membrane phospholinids | Involved in more essential metabolic pathways | 1b | multi | Fat soluble vitamins, especially A and D, can be stored in massive amounts and hence, have a potential for serious toxicities. Water soluble vitamins are easily excreted by the kidney and accumulation to toxic levels is much less common. Conversely, inadequate dietary intake will lead to manifestations of deficiency re... | Surgery | null |
446360bb-e3dd-43d7-a4f7-713d87daca36 | All the primary ossification centers are appeared at fetal age of: WB 11 | 1 month | 2 months | 3 months | 4 months | 3d | multi | Ans. 4 months | Forensic Medicine | null |
1aa4d21c-bb56-429d-96c9-0e59311d79cb | All are branch of mandibular nerve except:- | Lingual nerve | Inferior Alveolar Nerve | Auriculotemporal nerve | Zygomatic nerve | 3d | multi | Mandibular nerve (V3 division). The Mandibular Nerve leaves the inferior margin of trigeminal ganglion and leaves the skull through the foramen ovale The Motor Root of the V3 also passes through the foramen ovale & unites with the sensory component of the mandibular nerve outside the skull, Thus, the mandibular nerve i... | Anatomy | Cranial Nerves |
69b1547f-c247-4b97-8183-5847879445eb | A male 25 years old presents to the dental clinic due to food lodgement in lower back region tooth. He also gives the history of previous dental treatments of other teeth as well. On examination it is revealed that interproximal caries is present between right mandibular molars. The clinician restores the tooth with am... | Discoid–cleoid instrument | Hollenback carver | Thin explorer tip | Two of the above | 3d | multi | A discoid–cleoid instrument may be used to carve the occlusal surface of an amalgam restoration. The rounded end (discoid) is positioned on the unprepared enamel adjacent to the amalgam margin and pulled parallel to the margin. This removes any excess at the margin while not allowing the marginal amalgam to be carved b... | Dental | null |
d52a0ded-5da9-4cc2-ade5-4007d25ac411 | Structure of proteins can be detected by all the methods, EXCEPT: | High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) | Mass spectrometry | NMR spectrometry | All of the above | 0a | multi | High-performance/pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a technique used for enhanced and precise separation of even small amounts of biological and nonbiological molecules. HPLC columns utilize variations of the separation principle behind column chromatography, depending on variable attractive and repulsive forces ... | Biochemistry | null |
c489688f-d3c2-4784-b78b-2ea7147ebaea | A 40 yrs old male chronic smoker comes with acute epigastric discomfo for past one hour .ECG showing ST segment elevation in inferior leads . What is the immediate intervention | Asprin | Thrombolytic therapy | IV PANTAPROZOL | Beta blockers | 0a | single | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1596 Initial treatment should begin with the platelet cyclooxygenase inhibitor aspirin. The typical initial dose is 325 mg/d, with lower doses (75-100 mg/d) recommended thereafter. Contraindications are active bleeding or aspirin intoler- ance. "Aspirin resistance" has been noted in 2-8% of pat... | Medicine | C.V.S |
91ec5e6a-50a2-4e36-8b3e-c43b5e9db5da | Hydrocele & edema in foot occur in: | W. Bancrofti | B. Malayl | B.Timori | Oncocerca volulus | 0a | single | Ans : A (W.Bancrofti) Hydrocele (genital involvement) is only feature of Bancroftian filariasis (W.Bancrofti) not of (rarely) Brugian fila riasis( B. malayi& B.Timori)"In chronic Bancroftian filariasis. the main clinical features are hydrocele; elephantiasis & chyluria. The Brugian filariasis isgenerally similar to Ban... | Microbiology | Helminthology |
ae5fe37d-0b05-418a-8578-df155884ae9d | Lead pipe appearance is seen in | Chron's disease | Ulcerative colitis | Schistosomiasis | Carcinoma colon | 1b | single | B i.e. Ulcerative colitis | Radiology | null |
15374e65-2f0e-4b06-9698-2a3fd852ef08 | Gene for Wilson's disease is located on chromonsome | 7 | 10 | 13 | 17 | 2c | single | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. *Wilson's disease:the underlying defect in chromosome 13 is a mutation in ATP7B gene ,the normal hepatic copper exceeding gene. </p > | Pathology | General pathology |
20180ba2-aa20-4096-a756-d53a323b9468 | Investigation of choice to detect Hydatiform mole is : | X-ray abdomen | USG | Serum HCG level | Gravindex | 1b | single | USG | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
630c6d2f-9ee6-4416-8052-3a3033cad034 | False about telmerase is: | Has reverse Transcriptase activity | Has intrinsic Primer | It is a ribonucleoprotein | Telomerase leads to premature ageing. | 3d | multi | Telomerase prevents premature ageing. | Biochemistry | null |
6d69f1be-d131-4d3b-84fc-b118437fc1f0 | Normal saline is used as diluent in which vaccine- | Measles | Rubella | BCG | HAV | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., BCG BCG vaccineo BCG vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine produced by 'Bacille Calmette Guerin' an avirulent strain produced by 230 subcultures over a period of 13 years,o Types of vaccine - It is a live attenuated vaccine. There are two types of vaccineLiquid (fresh) vaccineFreeze dried (lyophilized)... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
9adb9745-5ad8-4e23-9e8f-98bede38c860 | In JVP 'c' wave indicates which of the following cardiac events? | Atrial filling | Atrial contraction | Ventricular filling | Ventricular contraction | 3d | single | The 'c' wave is the transmitted manifestation of the rise in atrial pressure produced by bulging of the tricuspid valve into the atria during isovolumetric contraction. 'a' wave is atrial systole, 'v' wave rise in atrial pressure before tricuspid valve opens during systole. | Physiology | null |
65608fad-b35f-482f-b84d-2c8b270b9a10 | Which of the following amino acids in a protein commonly acts as a potential O-Glycosylation site for attachment of an oligosaccharide unit - | Glutamine | Cysteine | Serine | Asparagine | 2c | single | O-glycosylation:- Addition of oligosaccharide to hydroxyl chain of serine or threonine.
N-glycosylation:- Addition of oligosaccharide to the amide nitrogen of asparagine. | Biochemistry | null |
6de36ce7-1b0e-4223-b24f-ae523313a8f2 | Antitubercular drug which reaches inside the caseous material is ? | Isoniazid | Rifampicin | Pyrazinamide | Ethambutol | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
b6179e11-1844-4de1-b467-4515120c83fa | Uses of woods light includes following EXCEPT | Urine examination in porphyria | Examination of hair in T. capitis | Sclerema | Erythrasma | 2c | multi | Sclerema is characterized by diffuse hardening of the subcutaneous tissue with minimal inflammation. It usually affects premature, ill newborns. Diagnosis of Sclerema does not require use of wood light. | Dental | Fungal infections |
02357b08-4c5a-4920-9a81-b8c77c5ac804 | Anterior surface of stomach is in contact with the following ribs: | 4th to 7th | 6th to 9th | 7th to 10th | None of the above | 1b | multi | The lateral pa of the anterior surface is posterior to the left costal margin and in contact with the diaphragm, which separates it from the left pleura, the base of the left lung, the pericardium and the left sixth to ninth ribs. Ref: Gray's anatomy 40th edition, Chapter 71. | Anatomy | null |
ea5d5cd6-6c05-4db8-a946-3b29c0ae1502 | What complication should one expect when PCNL is done through 11th intercostals space? | Hydrothorax | Hematuria | Damage to colon | Ramnants fragments | 0a | single | Percutaneous nephrolitotomy (PCNL) is the procedure done for renal calculi. When the procedure is done through the 11th intercostal space there is a chance of developing pneumothorax or hydrothorax in patients. Ref: Smith's Textbook of Endourology By Glenn Preminger, Gopal Badlani, Louis Kavouss, 3rd Edition, Page 132 | Surgery | null |
6637f43c-12a1-4743-8357-8e98ef6c70cb | Coarctation of aorta is most commonly seen w ith- | ASD | VSD | PDA | Bicuspid aortic valve | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bicuspid aortic Valveo Coarctation of the Aorta -Constrictions of the aorta of varying degrees may occur at any point from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation, but 98% occur just below^ the origin of the left subclavian artery at the origin of the ductus arteriosus (juxtaductal coarctation).T... | Pediatrics | C.H.D. |
41b13b00-e371-4bc0-88ac-a65a31ecf26c | Which among the following doesn't cause an elevated serum alkaline phosphatase? | Paget's disease | Multiple myeloma | Ostiomalacia | Hypehyroidsm | 1b | single | Serum ALP is normal in multiple myeloma. It's an impoant point. The most common cause of hypercalcemia in patients with hypercalcemia, decreased GFR, and anemia is multiple myeloma. Alkaline phosphatase is generally normal because there is only a limited osteoblastic response to myelomatous infiltrate in the marrow Cal... | Medicine | null |
035f1f05-40df-405b-9c5a-befa829418f8 | Which of the following inhibits peripheral conversion of Thyroxin to Triiodothyronine? | Lugol's Iodine | Carbimazole | Radioactive iodine | Propylthiouracil | 3d | single | Ans. d (Propylthiouracil) (Ref. KDT, Pharmacology, 6th ed.,250)Propylthiouracil also inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 by D1 type of 5'D1, but not by D2 type. This may partly contribute to its effects. Methimazole and carbimazole do not have this action and may even antagonize that of propylthiouracil.Differen... | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
c9ea1e23-9f27-46ce-8c2f-95172f1abedc | Nissl substance is found in: March 2013 | Neuron | Hepatocytes | Cardiocytes | ENterocytes | 0a | single | Ans. A i.e. Neuron Nissl body/Nissl or tigroid substance It is a large granular body found in neurons. These granules are rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with rosettes of free ribosomes, and are the site of protein synthesis. It was named after Franz Nissl, a German neurologist who invented the Nissl staining method | Medicine | null |
e9e1a421-9ead-492c-8cbc-8647c055d1cc | All of the following drugs are commonly used in regimens against H. pylori except: | Oxytetracycline | Amoxicillin | Bismuth Subcitrate | Omeprazole | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Oxytetracycline): Oxytetrocycline has not been mentioned as a recommended agent for eradication of H Pylori and hence is the single best answer of choice. Tetracycline and not Oxytetracycline forms pa of the regimen. Amoxycillin, Bismuth subsalicylate and Omeprozole have all been recommended for H. Pylori ... | Medicine | null |
f9fda525-3fab-4f7f-9a95-b69d92084b4c | Which one of these anti hypertensives is contraindicated in pregnancy? | Hydralazine | α-Methyldopa | Nifedipine | Enalapril | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
41b095b9-11d6-4d68-aa20-e45163020199 | ANOVA is- | Parametric test | Non parametric test | Qualitative test | None | 0a | multi | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 852 It is a Quantitative test/Metric test. Tests of significance: Qualitative: Chi- square : 2 or more than 2 groups Mc Nemar test : 1 group. ( before and after intervention) Quantitative: Paired T test: 1 group Student T test/ unpaired T test: 2 groups Anova: more than 2 groups. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
21b23ee1-f6f4-4d32-9735-30f5602f3f50 | All the following findings would be expected in a person with coarctation of the aoa ciccpt : | A systolic murmur across the anterior chest and back and a high-pitched diastolic murmur along the left sternal border | B. A higher blood pressure in the right arm than in the left arm | Inability to augment cardiac output with exercise | Persistent hypeension despite complete surgical repair | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Inability to augment cardiac output with exercise) In coarctation of aoa unless the hypeension is very severe or left ventricular failure has ensued, cardiac output responds normally to exercise. Usually a systolic ejection murmur is heard anteriorly and over the back. If the obstruction is very severe a c... | Medicine | null |
b2432502-a9a2-4223-b39b-a0b0eb4d9622 | During accommodation, there occurs decrease in the radius of curvature of the: | Anterior surface of the lens | Posterior surface of the lens | Both surfaces of the lens | None of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. Both surfaces of the lens | Ophthalmology | null |
f9d84ba7-c55e-4c27-8b21-5821cdb9d0c5 | Lesser cornu of hyoid bone is derived from which arch: | 1st mandibular arch | 2ndbranchial arch | 3rdbranchial arch | 4th branchial arch | 1b | single | Ans. (b) 2nd branchial archRef. Inderbir Singh's Embroyology 9th ed. /116-117, 7th ed. /119-120* At first there are 6 arches. The 5th arch disappears.* Lesser cornu of hyoid bone is derived from 2nd arch.* Greater cornu of hyoid bone is derived from 3rdarch.Derivatives of Branchial arches and their respective nerve sup... | Anatomy | Pharyngeal Arches |
d68eaa14-8773-4bc7-8104-00fa39f55f11 | A 20 yr old male presents with anterior shoulder dislocation. The injury is usually caused as a combination of which of the following ? | Abduction and external rotation | Adduction and external rotation | Abduction and internal rotation | Adduction and internal rotation | 0a | multi | Anterior shoulder dislocation Indirect force -abduction, external rotation, extebtion Direct force -blow from posterior aspect of shoulder Most common mechanism for injury of anterior dislocation of shoulder is fall on outstretched hand Refer Maheshwari 6th/e p 89 | Orthopaedics | Shoulder and arm injuries |
529079db-f685-480a-867d-92dcb79d08fb | Tumor marker for Breast cancer? | CA 15-3 | CA 19-9 | CA 125 | CEA | 0a | single | Tumor MarkersTumor TypesCA-125 Ovarian cancerCA 19-9 Colon and Pancreatic cancerCA 15-3 Breast cancerCEACarcinomas of the colon, pancreas, lung, stomach, and heaRef: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease; 9th edition; Chapter 7; Neoplasia; Page no:337; Table: 7-12 | Pathology | General pathology |
6d908292-9f6c-4546-85dc-63f349a31184 | Ground glass hepatocyte is seen in which hepatitis? | Hepatitis A | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis D | Hepatitis E | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Hepatitis B(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 837; 8th/pg 852)Diagnostic hallmark of Chronic Hepatitis B is "ground- glass" hepatocytes (cells with endoplasmic reticulum swollen by HBsAg) | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract |
fbfc035b-7ec6-4c57-85db-0035b63922ee | Weakest poion of Dermo- epidermal junction is | Stratum Basale | Lamina Lucida | Lamina Densa | Lamina Fibroreticularis | 1b | single | LAMINA LUCIDA * Electron-lucent zone under hemidesmosome on EM; weakest link of BMZ (Basement membrane zone). * Comprised of anchoring filaments (laminin-332), laminin-1, fibronectin, nidogen (entactin), uncein and poion of BPAG2. Anchoring Filaments :- * Delicate filaments emanating perpendicularly from HD(hemi-desmos... | Dental | Anatomy of skin |
a77fc52c-38ea-4f9c-bb50-2f9a491bc1a0 | "Maidon Teeth" is due to: | Lead | Fluoride | Calcium | Phosphorus | 1b | single | Fluoride | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
2f10d5fd-5193-41e0-a664-bcecceb07fd8 | A 40 year old woman was on chemotherapy for 6 months for Ovarian carcinoma. Now she presented with a progressive bilateral Sensorineural hearing loss. The Drug responsible for this includes | Cisplatin | Doxorubicin | Cyclophosphamide | Paclitaxel | 0a | single | (A) Cisplatin# Platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin and carboplatin, are associated with cochleotoxicity characterized by high-frequency hearing loss and tinnitus.> Ototoxicity is less frequently seen with the related compound oxaliplatin. | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) |
9e274d13-35c6-4e96-a732-1642ea15946f | Climbing fibres send excitatory input to: | Stellate cells | Golgi cells | Granule cells | Purkinje cells | 3d | single | Functional unit of cerebellum = purkinje cell & corresponding deep nuclear cell. Afferents to cerebellum: - 1. Climbing fibers 2. Mossy fibers Climbing fibers all originate from the inferior olives of the medulla; forming the olivocerebellar tract. They are excitatory to the deep nuclear cell (excitatory) purkinje cell... | Physiology | DNB 2018 |
f46ba7b0-2021-4efd-9f29-aae5adc6b05e | Which of the following provides the most accurate measure of GFR? | Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | Endogenous creatinine clearance | Inulin clearance | PAH clearance | 2c | single | Ans. C. Inulin clearancea. Inulin clearance is the standard for measuring GFR.b. Because Inulin is neither secreted nor reabsorbed, only filtered, so rate of clearance is equal to GFR.c. (Creatinine is slightly secreted from the peritubular capillaries into the tubules)d. PAH clearance is used to measure renal plasma f... | Physiology | Kidneys and Body Fluids |
009ef2f7-590b-4994-97b6-39a39955c96a | The most effective intervention to reduce newborn and child deaths is? | Exclusive breastfeeding for 1st 6 months | Vitamin D supplementation for 1st year of life | Iron supplementation from 6 to 12 months age | Temperature control in the neonatal period | 0a | single | The most effective intervention to reduce newborn and child deaths: Exclusive breastfeeding for 1st 6 months It has reduces moality by 13% | Pediatrics | Breast Milk & Breast Feeding |
8af7dd9a-5be7-441f-8a71-4dd47478c60e | In which of the following diseases decrease in levels of single neurotransmitter was first identified? | Alzheimer's disease | Parkinson's disease | Huntington disease | Schizophrenia | 1b | single | Neurons of the substantia nigra communicate with neurons of the basal ganglia by liberating the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA). In Parkinson's disease, neurons of the substantia nigra progressively degeneration; as a result, the amount of DA available for neurotransmission in the corpus striatum is lowered. Ref Harriso... | Medicine | C.N.S |
96c17c18-d353-4655-97e1-4a9f992b4429 | Radiosensitive bone tumor | Fibrosarcoma | Malignant GIT | Multiple myeloma | Synovial cell sarcoma | 2c | single | null | Orthopaedics | null |
d7eedeee-5cfb-46aa-9ef0-00493d3897b7 | All statements about adult instussusception are true except | Idiopathic & more enteric rather than colonic | Lead point present in majority of cases | Resection of bowel is adequate for large bowel intussusception | Hydrostatic redution with barium or air are done if bowel is not completely obstructed | 0a | multi | Most common in children Primary or secondary to intestinal pathology, e.g. polyp, Meckel's diveiculum Ileocolic is the commonest variety Can lead to an ischaemic segment Radiological reduction is indicated in most cases The remainder require surgery Ref: Bailey & Love&;s Sho Practice of Surgery,E25,Page-1191 | Surgery | G.I.T |
400fa249-2d6c-40b6-a0fc-1ff76d498137 | A 35 year old man has eaten and completely metabolized approximately 80g of protein, 20g of fat, and 150g of carbohydrate. Approximately how much energy (in kilocalories) will be released as a result of the complete oxidation of these compounds?. | 1.1 | 11 | 110 | 1100 | 3d | single | The energy released in the complete oxidation of 1 gram of carbohydrate, fat, and protein is respectively 4.1, 9.3, and 4.1 kcal. Quick calculation with approximate round values gives: 80*4+20*9+150*4=320+180+600=1100 Ref: Bender D.A., Mayes P.A. (2011). Chapter 43. Nutrition, Digestion, & Absorption. In D.A. Bender, K... | Biochemistry | null |
e5284c70-e8af-4e47-979a-a86cf285f1c2 | The protozoan causing dysenteric symptoms: | Balantidium coli | Entamoeba coli | Giardia | Trichomonas | 0a | single | Balantidium coli is a ciliate protozoan. It is the largest protozoan parasite & only ciliate infecting humans. It inhabits the large intestine of man and causes ciliate dysentery. Infective stage: binucleate cyst; spherical, ellipsoid, 50-75mm, double layered cyst wall. The invasive form is the trophozoite - 80-120mm; ... | Microbiology | Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology) |
b8fa57f6-bf1b-498f-93f2-15da39a558b0 | All are Neutralization tests except: | Plague inhibition test | Schick test | Nagler's reaction | Sabin-feldman dye test | 3d | multi | Sabin-feldman dye test for detecting Toxoplasma antibodies. Complements are used. | Microbiology | null |
2b98efbc-09b0-4040-8900-edc472377490 | The diffusion capacity of lung is decreased in all except | ILD | Good pateur syndrome | Pneumocystis carinii infection | Primary pulmonary hypeension | 1b | multi | In alveolar hemorrhage like good Pasteur syndrome DLCO increases. | Medicine | Respiratory system |
48e44671-b810-4fe4-96f4-3ac2612bf03c | In a case of acute attack of glaucoma Vogt\'s triad excludes – | Iris atrophy | Goniosynechiae | Pigment dispersal | Glaucoma floaters | 3d | single | "Glaucoma does not affect vitreous and does not cause floaters". — Clinical ophthalmology
Causes of floaters are :- Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), retinal detachment, high myopia, bleeding or inflammation of eye.
Vogt's triad may be seen in patients with any type of post-congestive glaucoma and in treated acute... | Ophthalmology | null |
a2193b93-ca25-4443-b3ba-cb1b997c514c | A 49-year-old man has had increasing knee and hip pain for the past 10 years. The pain is worse at the end of the day. During the past year, he has become increasingly drowsy at work. His wife complains that he is a "world class" snorer. During the past month, he has experienced bouts of sharp, colicky, right upper abd... | Hashimoto thyroiditis | Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Laryngeal papillomatosis | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease | 3d | multi | Morbid obesity can be associated with complications that include obesity hypoventilation syndrome, probable sleep apnea, glucose intolerance, cholelithiasis, and osteoarthritis. Macrovesicular steatosis with hepatomegaly is seen in obesity and may even progress to cirrhosis. Weight gain owing to hypothyroidism, which c... | Pathology | Misc. |
c50d7c4b-2183-4746-a144-86c9bb19fbb7 | Which of the following promotes rouleaux formation? | Zeta potential on RBC membrane | Fibrinogen | Albumin | Biconcave shape of RBC | 1b | single | When in circulation, the negative charge on the RBC membrane (or zeta potential) does not allow RBCs to clump. When blood is made to stand in a veical tube, the asymmetric macromolecules in the plasma overcome the zeta potential, so as to form the rouleaux and settling down of the RBC clumps. Fibrinogen and gamma-globu... | Physiology | Blood Physiology |
c3e82287-8816-4e25-8e09-56380270be6d | First dentin bonding agent was: | Sevitron cavity seal | Cervident | Clearfill | None | 0a | multi | During the 1950s, it was reported that a resin containing glycerophosphoric acid dimethacrylate (GPDM) could bond to a hydrochloric acid–etched dentin surface. Another researcher had used the same monomer chemically activated with sulinic acid and that combination would later be known commercially as Sevitron Cavity Se... | Dental | null |
3274692b-62a4-4344-8316-c82f53f616ca | FEV1/FVC is reduced in case of: | Pleural effusion | Lung fibrosis | Asthma | All of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' Asthma. FEV/FVC is reduced in cases of obstructive lung diseases and remain normal or increase in case of restrictive lung disease.Asthma is an obstructive lung disease so FEV/FVC is reduced in it. | Medicine | Respiratory Function |
d9a41234-f0cb-4f85-88d0-02caa0210ef1 | Which intubation is preferred in case of bilateral mandibular fractures ? | Orotracheal intubation | Naso tracheal intubation | Cricothyrotomy | Submental intubation | 1b | single | Answer- B. Naso tracheal intubationTime of surgery should be carefully planned allowing reduction of tissue edema and avoiding development of malunion. Nasal intubation is the choice of intubation by surgeon, providing them with free access to operating field. Blind awake nasal intubation is safe and simple with some e... | Surgery | null |
fb0556a4-053a-4fda-9967-d4078b8ac31c | A patient developed hemorrhagic blisters at the bite site following dog bite. Which is the most likely causative organism? | Pseudomonas spp. | Staphylococcus aureus | Capnocytophaga canimorsus | Pasteurella spp. | 1b | single | Ans. B. Staphylococcus aureusExplanationAmong animal bites, dog bites are most common, followed by cat bites.Approximately 15 to 20% of dog bite wounds and more than 50% of cat bite wounds become infected.For dog bite infections, Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcal species are the most commonly isolated pathogens, ... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
c52e9246-bb9a-4e9a-aad7-fa77e04c1ed4 | Which of the parameter is decreased in Retinitis pigmentosa | Arachidonic acid | Docosahexanoic acid | Trielonic acid | Thromboxane | 1b | single | * Retinitis Pigmentosa is a familial disease characterized by degeneration of photoreceptor with progressive night blindness and constriction of peripheral vision (may lead to functional blindness) * Docosahexanoic acid (DHA) comprises a small percentage (1-4%) of the total fatty acids of the membranes of most human ti... | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina |
bb4559ea-ee5e-4e4a-b28d-33cb6748bcca | Which of the following is/are TRUE about hypospadias? 1. Defect is seen in the ventral pa 2. Always associated with chordee 3. Associated with hooded prepuce 4. Circumcision should be avoided | 1,2 & 3 | 2,3 & 4 | 1,3 & 4 | All are true | 2c | multi | About option 1 Hypospadias results from failure of fusion of the urethral folds on the undersurface of the genital tubercle so defect is seen on the ventral pa. About option 2 "In the penile variety (not other type- so not always present) the urethra and corpus spongiosum distal to the ectopic opening are absent. These... | Surgery | null |
786e3a0f-91ea-4a51-8e50-62b02ed80688 | Granular deposits of IgA is seen in: | Bullous pemphigoid | Linear IgA bullous disorder | Dermatitis Herpetiformis | Hailey-Hailey disease | 2c | single | Bullous pemphigoid : Linear deposition of IgA and IgG at DEJ
Linear IgA bullous disorder : Linear deposition of IgA at DEJ
Dermatitis herpetiformis : Focal granular IgA deposits at papilary tips.
Hailey-Hailey disease : DIF : negative | Dental | null |
9b4c3696-12fb-4372-83ae-3e10f6034115 | Most common type of human papilloma virus causing Ca cervix are: | 16 and 18 | 1 and 33 | 6 and 11 | 2 and 14 | 0a | single | It is now established that HPV plays a major role in cervical carcinogenesis.
Among the various genotypes (more than 100) the Genotype of HPV which is:
Most commonly associated with squamous cell carcinoma cervix - HPV 16
Most common genotype associated with adenocarcinoma of cervix - HPV 18
Overall MC genotype associ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
65d7715b-514a-4a5c-a4c5-850f0c840f57 | Glucocorticoids act in inflammation by: | ↓Lipocortin | ↑ IL-2 | ↑Lipocortin | ↑ CRP | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
2c636780-b701-4c41-a202-002f8d074d7c | Munro microabscess is seen in | Dermal tissue | Stratum basale | Stratum corneum | Stratum malphigi | 2c | single | Munro's microabscess is seen in psoriasis it is the accumulation of neutrophils in stratum corneum The changes were seen in a fully developed plaque in psoriasis: Parakeratosis with focal ohokeratosis and Munro's microabscess, near absence of granular layer and spongiform pustules in the Malpighian layer and hyperplasi... | Dental | All India exam |
c37004b8-8eb7-42ca-bcc1-78fa87befd69 | D.I.C. is seen in : | >Acute promyelocytic leukemia | >Acute myelomonocytic leukemia | >CMC | >Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | 0a | single | Acute promyelocytic leukemia Disseminated intravascular coagulation is associated with promyelocytic leukemia Acute promyelocytic leukemia (AML-M3) constitutes 5-10% of all cases of AML The leukemic cells of these type of anemia are hypergranular. Granules of these leukemic cells (promyelocytes) contain thromboplastin ... | Pathology | null |
54a957a6-5865-4112-90f0-2d40a6b48ce5 | A Patient at 22 weeks gestation is diagnosed as having lUD which occurred at 17 weeks but did not have a miscarriage. This patient Is at increased risk for: | Septic aboion | Recurrent aboion | Consumptive coagulopathy with hypofibrinogenemia, | Future infeility | 2c | single | When dead fetus is retained in the uterus for more than 4 weeks (10-20%),there is a possibility of defibrination from silent disseminated intravascular coagulation.i.e,there is chance for consumption coagulopathy with hypofibrinemia,similar to that seen in intrauterine death of fetus. It is due to release of thrombopla... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abnormal labor |
d42cdbfe-32cc-4389-b395-6f10c5e452bf | The components of initial steps of ventilation include: | Drying & Positioning | Clearing Airway | Provision of tactile stimulus | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. D. All of the aboveThe components of initial steps include: Drying, positioning, clearing airway and provision of tactile stimulus. The baby should be placed under the radiant warmer, dried if already not done. The baby must be positioned with neck slightly extended by placing the shoulder roll. The airway would n... | Pediatrics | Respiratory System |
8f3a9fcd-c450-4953-9917-ef7e6bd010af | True regarding arbovirus is all except - | KFD is transmitted by Tick | Dengue virus has one Serotype | Yellow fever is not seen in India | Dengue fever is transmitted by Aedes | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dengue virus has one Serotype o KFD is mainly transmitted by Hard tick, but soft tick can also transmit the disease.o Dengue virus has four serotypes.o Yellow fever is not endemic in India, it is distributed in Africa and South America.o Dengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquito. | Microbiology | Arboviruses |
a72a4435-39ef-4c5f-9383-06d155707ba9 | Following ventilation mode is not used for weaning? | Pressure suppo ventilation (PSV) | Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV) | Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) | Assist Control Ventilation (ACV) | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Controlled Mechanical Ventilation (CMV) | Anaesthesia | null |
e2603b8d-b618-4cf1-b637-b8f64ea5ec2b | Which of the following site is least commonly involved in ahrogryposis? | Knee | Hip | Trunk | Elbow | 2c | single | Ahrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) is a disorder of defective development of the muscles. The muscles are fibrotic and result in foot deformities and deformities at other joints. The areas that are most likely to have lack of movement are the shoulders, elbows, wrists, hands, hips, knees, and feet.Ref: Maheswari 5t... | Orthopaedics | Metabolic and endocrine disorders |
41526ede-e3ea-4d06-a397-1aace3e8f237 | Most common infection in a child Nephrotic Syndrome | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis | Pneumonia | UTI | Cellulitis | 0a | single | Most common infection in children nephrotic syndrome is spontaneous bacterial peritonitis . Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | Pediatrics | Urinary tract |
112d5edf-8ecb-41c0-a959-d840aa4d40a1 | Which of the following is Type III RPGN | SLE | IgA nephropathy | Granulomatosis with polyangitis | Cryoglobulinemia | 2c | single | Type III RPGN is the most common type of RPGN. It is "pauci immune type". It doesn't have either anti-GBM antibodies or immune complexes. It is ANCA associated hence the examples are Granulomatosis with polyangitis, microscopic polyangitis. | Pathology | null |
37a08878-3abd-43c8-b6cb-d8ce7ce063e2 | Tracheal bifurcation is at which level of vertebra | T4 | T2 | T1 | T7 | 0a | single | Trachea divides at the level of lower border of 4th thoracic vertebrae into 2 primary principal bronchus. | Anatomy | null |
84f513e1-67a8-4ba2-9cdc-f9d960a09c02 | The preferred agent for base formation below restorative
resin is: | Calcium hydroxide | Cavity varnish | Zinc oxide-eugenol cement | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
1014bae6-2dfd-4620-beec-b75b046b21c7 | Most common true benign tumor of the bone is - | Giant cell tumor | Simple bone cyst | Osteoid osteoma | Enchondroma | 2c | multi | Commonest benign tumor of bone -----osteochondroma Commonest true benign tumor of bone -----osteoid osteoma Refer Maheshwari 6th/e p 247 | Orthopaedics | Tumors |
753ce6a6-1b5e-4461-b01d-339285e9d3eb | In post-hepatic jaundice, the concentration of conjugated bilirubin in the blood is higher than that of unconjugated bilirubin
because | There is an increased rate of destruction of red blood cells | The conjugation process of bilirubin in liver remains operative without any interference | The unconjugated bilirubin is trapped by the bile stone produced in the bile duct | The UDP- glulcuronoyltransferase activity is increased manifold in obstructive jaundice | 1b | single | Jaundice can be divided into 3 types on the basis of etiology-
• Prehepatic jaundice The cause of jaundice is increased production of bilirubin for example-
all causes which lead to increased hemolysis of RBCs ieHereditary spherocytosis Sickle cell anemia Thalassemia Malaria Drugs such as Methyl dopa*, quinine* etc.
th... | Pathology | null |
24cffebe-6032-4130-afd3-767e674be0a5 | Verrucosa Vulgaris is caused by : | HPV | EBV | CMV | HIV | 0a | single | A i.e. HPV | Skin | null |
2f05c92b-fb86-4b93-9200-d7f523f7ee89 | All of the following factors are involved in altered patterns of hormone release except | Lights on throughout 24 hours of the day | Travel across time zones | Aging | Day time duties | 3d | multi | A patient in the intensive care unit, where the lights are on throughout the 24 hours of the day, will have a disrupted cycle of hormone release. Light plays an impoant role in generating the circadian rhythm of hormone secretion. This endogenous rhythm is generated through the interaction between the retina, the hypot... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
0e5200f4-6a1a-4db8-8a23-51d22147519a | In eosphageal perforation all are seen except- | Pain | Bradycardia | Fever | Hypotension | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
8a9ed44f-e2fe-4ff7-bb06-2d9d0e558357 | All of the following are immune complex diseases except- | Serum sickness | Farmer's lungs | SLE | Graft rejection | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Graft rejectionGraft rejection is Type IV hypersensitivity | Pathology | null |
c3e3e989-95c8-49e0-96fc-afbb32b79226 | Which of the following is bacteriostatic? | Isoniazid | Rifampicin | Ethambutol | Pyrazinamide | 2c | single | Ans. C. EthambutolEthambutol is only first line antitubercular agent which is bacteriostatic. Rest all are bacteriocidal. Pyrazinamide is only drug which act on only intracellular bacteria. Rifampicin have the sterilizing effect. Isoniazid is given for prophylaxis of TB. | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
7d3d9948-dc9f-4942-8f80-5d3dcfee4438 | Anatomical snuffbox is formed by all except - | Abductor pollicis longus | Extensor pollicis longus | Extensor pollicis brevis | Extensor carpi radialis | 3d | multi | Ans-D | Unknown | null |
274d9dbf-5d4d-4ec0-af3f-69600f6d7dba | Tuft of hair over the lumbosacral region in a new born is suggestive of ? | Spina bifida occulta | Sinus tract | Tumor | Any of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Any of the aboveTufts of hair over the lumbosacral spine suggest an underlying abnormality, such as occult spina bifida, a sinus tract, or a tumor. | Pediatrics | null |
5c009e8e-8d0c-4915-a0bc-729fc576fcd4 | A 40-year-old man is brought to you by his friends. Apparently, he has ingested some unknown medication in a suicide attempt. The patient is disoriented to time. His temperature is 103 F, BP is 120/85 pulse 100/min and irregular, and respirations are 22/min. The skin is flushed and dry. Dilated pupils and muscle twitch... | Acetaminophen | Alcohol | Benzodiazepines | Tricyclic antidepressants | 3d | single | This patient's clinical picture is consistent with intoxication with tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and imipramine. Toxic effects are mediated by peripheral anticholinergic activity and "quinidine-like" action. The anticholinergic effects include mydriasis, tachycardia, impaired sweating with flushed s... | Psychiatry | Treatment in psychiatry |
226c07d5-7b35-424f-80d4-faf5ba780b0f | According to NACO 2011, prevalence of HIV affected people? | 0.27 | 2.14 | 1.4-1.6 | 0.53 | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
75a74cc3-2b42-4974-9c1a-1a6d8ad34fb7 | SA-14-14-2- | Deploid cell inactivated | Killed vaccine | Life long immunity | Primary immunization 2 doses | 2c | single | SA 14-14-2 strain is live attenuated vaccine whuch offers life ling immunity.Ref.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21st edition page no 261 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
98d6392d-52a4-4598-abad-c6ec11bc11c4 | Incubation period of Hepatitis A is – | 2 weeks – 2 months | 6 weeks – 6 months | 6 days – 6 weeks | 2 days – 2 weeks | 0a | single | null | Pediatrics | null |
d6d564b0-ae07-4892-b755-74ebc065231d | In infancy, atopic dermatitis spares | Extensor surfaces | Forehead | Scalp | Diaper area | 3d | single | Atopic dermatitis (AD), or eczema, is the most common chronic relapsing skin disease seen in infancy and childhood. Infants with the AD are predisposed to the development of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma later in childhood, a process called "the atopic march.Major features:Pruritus Facial and extensor eczema in infan... | Pediatrics | Genetic and genetic disorders |
f56df547-ce14-4e46-90d7-4fea749f63e2 | Which of the following is not a complication of fibroid in pregnancy? | Preterm labour | Postpaum hemorrhage | Aboion | malignant transformation | 3d | single | Complications of fibroid in pregnancy includes miscarriage,preterm labour,abruption,malpresentation,unengaged head at term,uterine ineia,obstructed labour,PPH,difficulties in CS,puerperal infection. Refer page no 221,222 of Text book of obsteics,sheila balakrishnan,2 nd edition. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical, surgical and gynaecological illness complicating pregnancy |
9001321f-6ed3-4c40-b2c7-bd83f40f0956 | A 64-year-old man is having difficulty getting out of a chair. He has lost 15 lb and feels tired all the time. On examination, there is a blue purple rash on his eyelids and knuckles, and muscle strength in his proximal muscles is rated 4 out of 5. His creatinine kinase (CK) level is elevated and he is started on predn... | testing of muscle strength | sedimentation rates | urine transaminase enzymes | EMG | 0a | multi | The course of muscle necrosis in dermatomyositis can be best followed by repeated CK determinations. Repeated muscle biopsies are rarely required. However, the goal of therapy is to increase muscle strength and function, so following muscle strength is the key clinical assessment of response to therapy. | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
d91b0889-1d78-4562-82eb-8b1a470fe44a | With the use of DMPA contraceptive, the side effects are all of the following except | Change in quantity and quality of breast milk | Weight gain | Irregular bleeding | Amenorrhea | 0a | multi | The advantage of DMPA is that it does not affect lactation Side effects include weight gain, irregular menstrual bleeding and prolonged infeility after its use Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, Page no: 503 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning |
4d64e0a8-4e82-4071-9302-740f10aaf3ee | Dose of Reteplase for management of Acute MI is? | 5 IU | 10 IU | 15 IU | 50 IU | 1b | single | Answer- B. 10 IUThe recommended dose for Reteplase in Acute Myocardial infarction is l0 Unit bolus given over 2 minutes.It is recommended to repeat the second I0 unit dose after 30 minutes. | Medicine | null |
95b23a07-9dc6-47fd-99b3-d1b5eb75eeba | What are nitrergic neurous ? | Post ganglionic neurons releasing nitric oxide | 1st order neurons releasing nitric oxide | Post ganglionic neurons releasing substance P. | 1st order neurons releasing calcitonin Gene related peptide | 1b | single | Answer-B. 1st order neurons releasing nitric oxideNitrergic neurons are nerye cells which have neurotransmitter NO. | Medicine | null |
8f379f32-abac-4c1f-9786-a111f5c2fe50 | Culture media for Legionella | BCYE agar | Macconkey agar | PLET medium | Baird Parker medium | 0a | single | * Legionella isolation is done from respiratory secretions - culture media is BCYE agar * Buffered Charcoal Yeast Extract Agar (BCYE) * Baird Parker agar - Staphylococci * MacConkey agar - Urine sample - to differentiate LF and NLF * PLET medium - Bacillus cereus Ref:- Harrisons T.B of medicine 19th ed; pg num:- 1018 | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
5b19e0c0-55a9-44b6-bac1-7382edf82e86 | Postitional veigo is | Lateral | Superior | Inferior | Posterior | 3d | single | The disease is caused by the disorder of posterior semicircular canal. Otoconial debris when settles in the cupula of the posterior semicircular canal in a critical head position causes displacement of cupula and veigo. (Ref: Diseases of EAR, NOSE AND THROAT by PL DHINGRA - 6th Edition) | ENT | Ear |
05a21cb7-9003-443d-9ccc-327f1a73a6e3 | Most lipogenic: | Fructose | Glucose | Galactose | Ribose | 0a | single | Unlike glucose, ingested fructose is preferentially metabolized by the liver. This and several other features of fructose metabolism make it an exceptionally lipogenic sugar.
Lipogenesis is increased when sucrose is fed instead of glucose because fructose bypasses the phosphofructokinase control point in glycolysis and... | Biochemistry | null |
f3e121db-3a59-4ef1-b9a4-b80759612c64 | Para meningeal Rhabdomyosarcoma is best diagnosed by : | CT Scan | MRI | SPECT | PET | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. MRI I could not find any direct reference to this answer in all the books within my reach My answer is based on the basics of CT & MRICT is the best inv. for bone imaging. It has limitations for soft tissues, especially when the soft tissue lies with a skeletal framework.But MRI is excellent for soft t... | Radiology | Brain Imaging: Anatomy, Trauma, and Tumors |
48655c03-9511-40ff-8463-3681a26fb3e3 | Effect of increased vertical dimension is/are | Muscular fatigue | Trauma | TMJ problem | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
5ad6d4e0-9693-4219-a944-6670f941789a | Rate limiting step in porphyrin synthesis is | ALA dehydratase | ALA synthase | UPG decarboxylase | Ferrochelatase | 1b | multi | The synthesis stas with the condensation of succinyl CoA and glycine in the presence of pyridoxal phosphate to form delta amino levulinic acid (ALA).The enzyme ALA synthase is located in the mitochondria and is the rate limiting ezyme of pathway. Next few steps occurs in cytoplasm.2 molecules of ALA are condensed to fo... | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein |
9cba050c-b7a7-453e-8196-5ea0d008814a | ANOVA is used: | To compare means in 2 groups | To compare means in 3 or more groups | To compare means in 1 group before and after intervention | To find correlation | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
955f096c-8341-41b9-9190-ca7a4d43ad55 | Haptane is : | Same as epitope | Small molecular weight protein | Requires carrier for specific antibody production | Simple haptens are precipitate | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Requires carrier for specific antibody production): Hepatitis become immunogenic only when attached to a large molecule or 'carrier' - | Medicine | null |
77b58c65-853e-443d-b6ef-24da009b5518 | Three mix MP triple antibiotic paste consists of | Ciproflox + cephixime + Minocycline | Norflox+ tinidazole+cephixime | Ciproflox + metronidazole +Minocycline | Norflox + Cehphixime +Minocycline | 2c | single | Triple antibiotic paste
Consists of metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline in a macrogol/propylene glycol ointment.
It is inserted into canal with a sterile Lentulo spiral and left in the canal for 2-4 weeks.
Advantages: -
Very effective in elimination of intracanal microbes
Broad spectrum action
Easy to pre... | Dental | null |
26c5b6b7-80f0-4658-ad9d-089f48b66240 | In patient of hypeension, metoprolol and verapamil are given together. This combination can result in | Atrial fibrillation | Bradycardia | Torsades' de pointes | Tachycardia | 1b | single | Beta blocker (metoprolol) and non-DHP CCBs (verapamil) block SA node and AV node. Both combined can cause severe bradycardia and AV block. Drugs causing Torsades' de pointes include: Quinidine, Procainamide, Cisapride, Astemizole, Terfenadine etc. | Pharmacology | Hypeension, Arrhythmias, Dyslipidemia |
c543d9a7-aab5-4fb0-bbff-bd19fe148506 | The characteristic feature of apoptosis on light microscopy is: | Cellular swelling | Nuclear compaction | Intact cell membrane | Cytoplasmic eosinophlia | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Nuclear compaction(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 53)Here student gets confused in 2 options b and c..On light microscopy, most characteristic feature is condensation of nuclear chromatin and not intactness of cell membraneIntact cell membrane and lack of inflammation differentiates apoptosis from necrosis. | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
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