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bc13b90b-b08a-4ec3-9512-1fd41bf29278 | Isotope used in RAIU – | I131 | I123 | I125 | I127 | 1b | single | RAIU stands for radioactive iodine uptake. It is a thyroid imaging method that measures the fraction of orally administered iodine isotope taken up by thyroid. 1123 is the agent of choice for RAIU. | Radiology | null |
6444e436-c6e3-47d1-b42e-07dc42e3ed6b | Dalen Fuch's nodules are seen in: | Sympathetic ophthalmia | Phthisis bulbi | Absolute glaucoma | Pseudo xanthoma elasticum | 0a | single | Sympathetic ophthalmia | Ophthalmology | null |
e91dfedb-2097-484c-a09f-8be8bb1989c5 | A 35-year-old man is admitted after severing his arm on industrial machinery. His airway is patent and there is no identifiable hindrance to breathing. Hispulse is 110 beats/min, blood pressure is 130/105 mmHg, and respiratory rate is 25 breaths/min. Which stage of shock is this patient in? | Class I | Class II | Class III | Class IV | 1b | single | The following table illustrates the clinical signs of the different stages of hypovolaemic shock. Class I Class II Class III Class IV Percent blood loss Up to 15 15-30 30-40 >40 Pulse rate <100 >100 >120 >140 Blood pressure Normal Normal | | Pulse pressure Normal | | | Respiratory rate 14-20 20-30 30-40 >35 Urine outpu... | Surgery | Shock |
77347b61-64a9-408a-a09b-378facc62c5c | True about point source epidemic is? | Occurs in more than 1 incubation period | Occurs in one incubation period | The exposure is continuous | Epidemic curve falls very slowly | 1b | multi | Common source single exposure epidemics is also known as point source epidemic. The exposure to the disease agent is brief and essentially simultaneous, the resultant cases all develop within one incubation period of the disease. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 72 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
f5cf8f88-7b73-4677-8f72-d68e184d569d | Ichthyosis is caused by – | Hemosiderosis | Refsum disease | Niacin deficiency | Steven johnson syndrome | 1b | single | Syndromal ichthyosis (ichthyosis with additional characteristics) is seen in carvaj al syndrome, CHILD syndrome, Daffier 's disease, Refsum disease, Rud syndrome, Netherton syndrome, Neutral lipid storage disease, Tey syndrome, Senter syndrome. | Dental | null |
ee19b137-ca0b-48a3-97be-53f9f1bef194 | Herd immunity provides protection to - | Immunized persons | Non immunized persons | Both | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Non-immunized person Herd immunity It is the level of resistance of a community or group of people to a paicular disease. It occurs when the vaccination of a poion of the population (or herd) provides protection to unprotected (non-vaccinated) individuals. How does herd immunity provide protection to ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4264a758-9094-4a0c-9d83-dfb7b7e366ac | Maximum permissible radiation dose in pregnancy is – | 0.5 rad | 1.0 rad | 1.5 rad | 2 rad | 0a | single | Maximum permissible dose in pregnancy is 5 mSv (0.5 rem).
Rem = Rad x Quality factor.
Main radiation exposure during pregnancy can be by X-rays (radiography or CT), and the quality factor of X-rays is 1.
That means Rem = Rad.
Therefore, the maximum permissible dose in pregnancy is 0.5 rem or 0.5 rad. | Radiology | null |
2a10e378-0e0e-448e-813d-287b003ee973 | What is the appearance of the RBCs on the peripheral smear in physiological anaemia of the pregnancy? | Microcytic and Hypochromic | Macrocytic and Hyperchromic | Normocytic and Normochromic | Microcytic and Normochromic | 2c | single | Physiological anemia is due to hemodilution. Peripheral smear will be normocytic and normochromic, which is not to be confused with Iron deficiency Anemia & thalassemia where the women have microcytic hypochromic anemia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Anaemia in Pregnancy |
b322782f-e59b-423c-a0d1-732d710538e1 | Which of the following is related to floor of middle ear - | Round window | Internal carotid artery | Internal jugular vein | Tegmen tympani | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Internal jugular vein o The middle ear is shaped like a cube.o When seen in the coronal section, the cavity of the middle ear is biconcave,o The boundaries of the middle ear are as follows :I Roof or tegmental wallo Separates the middle ear from the middle cranial cavity,o It is formed by a thin plate... | Anatomy | Ear |
cd0d9389-3cd7-40e4-b668-60c5c1dd29f4 | A patient was admitted epidural anaesthesia with 15 ml of 1.5%. Lignocaine with adrenaline for hernia surgery. He devoled hypotension and respiratory depression within 3 minutes after administration of block. The most common cause would be – | Allergy to drug administered | Systemic toxicity to drug administered | Patient got vasovagal shock | Drug has entered the subarachnoid space | 3d | multi | Hypotension and respiratory depression after epidural anesthesia suggest high spinal anesthesia.
High spinal anesthesia, i.e. spinal anesthesia ascending into the cervical levels, can occur following attempted epidural / caudal anesthesia if there is inadverent intrathecal injection. High spinal anesthesia causes sever... | Anaesthesia | null |
6268884d-fead-42ce-a4a5-b79b5b686845 | The investigation of choice to detect a prolapsed intervertebral disc is? | C T Scan | MRI | Myelography | Radiograph | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., MRI MRI is the investigation of choice for P1D because it shows the following structures clearlyo Prolapse of disco Compression of cordo Any problems with the discs above and belowo Canal Stneosiso Associated features like Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy and facetal arthropathy | Orthopaedics | Thoracic and Lumbosacral Spine Injuries |
c86ee3dd-ee6c-4685-bbaf-17139817f1c2 | Skip lesions are seen in: | Ulcerative colitis | Crohn's disease | Typhoid | Tuberculosis | 1b | single | Ans is 'b' i.e. Crohn's disease FeaturesUlcerative colitisCrohn's ds* Rectal involvement in > 50%> 90%*Rectum spared* Distribution of lesionsContinuous*Skip lesions** Mucosal appearanceFriable, diffusely involvedCobblestone*appearance* Ileal diseaseRare (backwash ileitis)Common* Perianal abcess, fistulasRareCommon* Int... | Surgery | Small Intestine - Crohn's Disease |
a26b4f9d-9550-4335-a042-b2f5eab00f0e | Baholin's cyst is caused by : | Candida | Anaerobes | Gonococcus | Trichomonas | 2c | single | Ans. is c i.e. Gonococcus Baholin cyst It is the commonest cyst of the vulva.deg The cyst represents dilatation of Baholin glanddeg / duct as a result of fibrosis which follows either infection or trauma. It was formerly believed that the infection was invariably Gonococcaldeg but almost any organism can be responsible... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e7b98f7e-21af-4e28-bc16-f707f0b71709 | In delirium tremens all of the following statements are TRUE, EXCEPT: | Gross tremor | Seen in alcoholic withdrawal | Fits may occur | Clear orientation | 3d | multi | Delirium tremens is the most serious alcohol withdrawal syndrome which begins 3 to 5 days after cessation of drinking and lasts for up to 72 hours. Patients are usually confused and agitated. Other characteristic features includes fever, sweating, tachycardia, hypeension, and hallucinations. Death can result from conco... | Psychiatry | null |
7d31ea5d-f8ce-42c3-837c-49e4632e7af6 | In chronic arsenic poisoning the following samples can be sent for laboratory examination,except - | Nail clippings | Hair samples | Bone biopsy | Blood sample | 3d | multi | Arsenic is rapidly cleared from the blood and is distributed to various organs and tissues, where it is detectable for prolonged periods. Blood sample is thus of use only in a case of acute poisoning, but not in chronic poisoning.
In chronic poisoning arsenic is found in hair, nails, bones, skin etc. and its detection ... | Forensic Medicine | null |
cad7d3c6-d99b-4ef7-a8a2-529d3b1e59ff | Dangerous area of scalp is - | Superficialfacia | Aponeurosis | Subaponeurotic tissue | Pericranium | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Subaponeurotic tissueo The scalp is soft tissue which covers the calvaria of skull. It consists of five layers and can be memorised by a mnemonic using the initial letters of the word. SCALPa) Skinb) Close network of connective tissue (superficial fascia)c) Aponeurosis (galea aponeurotica) with occipi... | Anatomy | Scalp Face & Temple |
3d8fc784-8adf-4369-94e5-8db6b0e12009 | Reservoir of tetanus bacilli is | Human | Soil | Water | Hospital waste | 1b | single | Ans. b (Soil). (Ref. Ananthanarayan, Microbiology, 4th/pg.245)TETANUS# Caused by Clostridium tetani# Seen following deep or penetrating wound in relatively avascular areas# More prevalent in developing countries# Seen in neonate (tetanus neonaturum) following the use of cow dung on the umbilicus# Microbiology- Gram-pos... | Microbiology | Clostridium |
228c7caa-eb0f-4fd1-9fdd-faf6f6a72d9e | Which local anesthetic has a shoer duration of action? | Lidocaine | Procaine | Bupivacaine | Ropivacaine | 1b | single | Procaine has least duration among the following. Procaine,Bencocaine,chlorprocaine all of them are sho acting LA. <img class="fr-fic fr-dib" style="width: 300px;" src=" />Ref: Katzung 13e pg: 443 | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
ac68ad2d-040e-4f57-af4e-81804a55a731 | What is the risk of an affected individual transmitting an autosomal dominant disease to his/her offspring? | 50% | 100% | 25% | 60% | 0a | single | a. 50%(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 593, Ghai 8/e p 641) | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders |
15233f25-3c48-417e-8344-5be8365dc510 | Duplex ultrasonography combines: | A-mode imaging and pulse-wave Doppler examination | B-mode imaging and pulse-wave Doppler examination | M-mode imaging and power Doppler examination | M-mode imaging and waveform analysis | 1b | single | Ans. B. B-mode imaging and pulse-wave doppler examinationAn objective assessment of the severity of disease is obtained by noninvasive techniques. These include digital pulse volume recordings, doppler flow velocity waveform analysis, duplex ultrasonography (which combines b-mode imaging and pulse-wave doppler examinat... | Radiology | Miscellaneous |
598f4f67-4221-499a-af24-98e984568df0 | Roll back malaria included all except - | Insecticides nets | Strengthening health system | Develop new insecticide | Training health workers | 3d | multi | Insecticides nets, Strengthening health system, Develop new insecticide,. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 243 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
064c957c-06fb-44d7-afa2-a07c4222d50a | Perinatal prevention of mother to child, which of the following steps are useful – | Elective Caesarian section | Avoid breast feeding | ART prophylaxis | All of these | 3d | multi | null | Pediatrics | null |
3f6e5fc0-5b8e-4abc-b9d0-cf274e140b90 | Charcot&;s triad Except | Pain | Fever | Jaundice | Anaemia | 3d | multi | Seen in ascending cholangitis, stone in the CBD due to impaction causes obstruction and stasis. obstruction causes jaundice and pain, stasis leads to infection, bacteremia and fever Reference SRB edition: 5 page:651 | Surgery | G.I.T |
cfd372d5-768e-4263-af02-709bf463901d | Nasal swabs preserved in - | Drowning | Anaphylaxis | Cocaine poisoning | None | 2c | multi | Ans- C. Ref- Textbook of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Fifth Edition - Krishan Vij Explanation - Cocaine can be recovered by sampling from recent injection sites, or by swabs from the nasal mucosa. Brain is an excellent source for its detection where cocaine may be found not only in dopamine-rich areas such as caud... | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques |
5a1522e2-e76c-4743-9bc9-c0be1c6a6d9f | Who are NOT benificaiaries of ICDS scheme - | Adoslescent females | School going children | Pregnant females | Lactating females | 1b | single | parks textbook of preventive and social medicine 23rd edition * major beneficiaries of ICDS are pregnant women,nursing mothers,other women 15-45years,children less than 3years,children in age group 3-6years,adolescent girls11-18years. | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics |
ee063659-68b1-4204-989d-1be644af8b1d | Which of the following is the best method for radiation protection of the operator? | Standing behind a lead barrier | Wearing a lead apron | Following the "position and distance" rule | Standing 6 feet away from the X-ray tube during exposure | 0a | single | Operators of radiographic equipment should use barrier protection when possible, and barriers should contain a leaded glass window to enable the operator to view the patient during exposure. When shielding is not possible, the operator should stand at least two meters from the tube head and out of the path of the prima... | Radiology | null |
0369f832-2a95-4861-be34-2aa26b76ce63 | PPIs are use used in | ZE syndrome | NSAIDs induced peptic ulcer | Gastroesophageal reflux | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is'd'i.e., All of the above PPI are the DOC for peptic ulcer (gastric or duodenal), GERD, ZE syndrome, prevention of aspiration pneumonia and NSAID induced gastric / duodenal ulcers. Note - PGEI analogue (Misoprostol) is specific drug for prevention and treatment of NSAID induced ulcer, but DOC is PPI. | Pharmacology | null |
80ad821e-76dd-4b14-a138-f1bbf48c0c1c | Treatment of choice for endogenous depression with suicidal tendency - | Lithium | Chlorpromazine | ECT | Psychoanalysis | 2c | single | null | Psychiatry | null |
f1556b41-95c2-4263-bd59-bcc5772fb378 | True about nenatal necrotizing enterocolitis ? | Abdominal distension | Pneumoperitoneum | Decreased bowel sounds | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is d i.e., All of the above Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common life threatening emergency of gastrointestinal tract in the new born period. o The disease is characterized by various degree of mucosal or transmural necrosis of the intestine. o It occurs in prema... | Pediatrics | null |
0a4eec6c-20c9-47f8-8b2e-5b3e080d143d | When do we have to sta antibiotics to prevent post-operative infection? | 2 days before surgery | After surgery | 1 week before surgery | 1 hour before surgery & continue after surgery | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 1 hour before surgery & continue after surgery Prophylactic antibiotics are administered before the skin incision is made. Repeat dosing occurs at an appropriate interval, usually 3 hours for abdominal cases or twice the half-life of the antibiotic. Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis generally is no... | Surgery | null |
a2a52c05-5592-41e5-85ea-f555f028e2af | Succinyl CoA is formed by all except ? | Proline | Isoleucine | Methionine | Valine | 0a | multi | Histidine, proline, glutamine, arginineGlutamatea a-ketoglutaratelsoleucine, methionine, valineSuccinyl CoATyrosine, phenylalanineFumarateTryptophanAlanine a PyruvateHydroxyproline, serine, cysteine, threonine, glycinePyruvate | Biochemistry | null |
9e2abbad-3677-4e88-911d-bc589cb9e276 | Causes of female pseudohermaphroditism – | 17–alpha hydroxylase deficiency | 21–alpha hydroxylase deficiency | Mixed gonadal dysgenesis | All of the above | 1b | multi | Ambiguous genitalia (Hermaphroditism)
Ambiguous genitalia is defined as a discrepancy between the external genitals and internal gonads.
They can be categorized : -
Female pseudohermaphroditism
Male pseudohermaphroditism
True hermaphroditism
Female pseudohermaphroditism.
Genotype is XX
Gonads are ovaries
External ... | Pediatrics | null |
30310f9a-a3d0-4050-af95-3054494bad5a | A patient of multiple myeloma presents with bony lesions. What is the best marker for prognosis of the disease - | Bone marrow plasma cell | Serum calcium level | Beta 2 microglobulin | Beta microglobulin | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
8e212700-d6d9-4bd8-8a2e-64de20462d1a | All are tests for sperm except - | Florence test | Luminol test | Barberio test | Acid phosphatase | 1b | multi | Luminol test is used for blood stain (luminol spray).
Florence test, barberio's test and acid phosphatase test are used for semen. | Forensic Medicine | null |
7c3da243-97b2-41e7-badc-a815873a7565 | All of the following statements about Xanthogranulomatous inflammation are true, except: | Foam cells are seen | Yellow nodules are seen | Multinucleated Giant cells are seen | Assoicated with Tuberculosis | 3d | multi | Tuberculosis is usually associated with caseating granulomatosis. Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is not seen in tuberculosis. Ref: Robbins pathologic basis of disease 6th edn/page 977. | Pathology | null |
9482e696-a5ff-4978-a64a-bbdf63efae66 | Which of the following has the worst prognosis | Cholecystectomy | Splencetomy | Nephrectomy | Appendicetomy | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
1eff2d94-6a94-40d2-a570-f43fa2bb1823 | Single pelvic ala is present in: | Robert's pelvis | Naegele' s pelvis | Osteomalacia pelvis | Rickets pelvis | 1b | single | Ans. B. Naegele's pelvisNaegele's pelvis - Ala on one side is absenta. Robert's pelvis - Ala on both sides are absentb. Osteomalacic pelvis - the shape of inlet is triradiatec. Rachitic pelvis - shape of inlet is reniformd. The expected date of delivery can be calculated by Naegele's rule | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contracted Pelvis |
fe7ed978-49ad-4ada-b4dd-d45073d5de0d | Skin scrapping & KOH mounting is done for ? | Leprosy | Varicella | Fungus | HSV | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Fungus Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection Laboratory diagnosis of fungal infection depends on : ? l. Recognition of the pathogen in tissue microscopy : - Tissue specimens, such as skin scraping, are generally examined as wet mounts after treatment with 10% KOH. KOH (alkali) digests cells and oth... | Skin | null |
574fcc62-1ac9-4c3b-bfda-3763b451b2ff | Dermatophytes can affect: March 2012 | Hair | Nail | Scalp | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans: D i.e. All of the above Three genera of dermatophytes infect skin and appendages: Trichophyton (skin, hairs and nails), Microsporum (skin and hairs) and Epidermophyton (skin and nails) | Skin | null |
15968b4b-52d6-43b3-84bf-2d386d836f5b | Bradykinin causes: | Vasoconstriction | Pain at the site of inflammation | Bronchodilation | Decreased vascular permeability | 1b | single | Bradykinin acts in the early stage of inflammation and its effects include:
Smooth muscle contraction
Vasodilatation
Increased vascular permeability
Pain.
Mohan H. Textbook of pathology. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; 2015. Page: 126 | Microbiology | null |
f74b69c5-cf80-4bc3-9a47-16d672253970 | Which of the following is Autosomal Dominant: | Retinoblastoma | Ataxia telangiectasia | Bloom's syndrome | Xeroderma pigmentosa | 0a | single | Answer A (Retinoblastoma) : Retinoblastoma presents dominant inheritance with variable penetrance | Medicine | null |
4d05d7eb-ed60-4e83-95ef-a8500602d6a3 | True statement about Ribozyme | RNA molecular that acts catalytically to change itself or another RNA molecule | t-RNA | m-RNA | Ribosome | 0a | multi | The substrate for ribozymes is often an RNA molecule, and it may even be pa of the ribozyme itself Ribozymes vary greatly in size. A self-splicing group I intron may have more than 400 nucleotides. The hammerhead ribozyme consists of two RNA strands with only 41 nucleotides in all. As with protein enzymes, the three-di... | Anatomy | All India exam |
7db5f54f-335a-4352-8ae0-824723afa52b | Majority of patients with HNPCC have mutations in ? | MSH I | MSH 2 | MSH3 | MSH4 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., MSH 2 Hereditary Nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is caused by inherited mutations in genes that encode proteins responsible for the detection, excision, and repair of errors that occur during DNA replication. | Pathology | null |
4b2ec11b-1b45-47c3-8244-3fe53bc209cb | One year old male child with cat\'s eye reflex and raised IOT – | Toxplasma gondii infection | Toxcara canis | Retinoblastoma | Retinopathy of prematurity | 2c | single | Leukocoria with raised IOT is characteristic of retinoblastoma. | Ophthalmology | null |
84e9674d-79f1-459e-905f-f2f5161b3ab1 | All of the following drugs are used for treatment of hyperkalaemia, EXCEPT: | Calcium gluconate | Sodium bicarbonate | Intravenous infusion of glucose with insulin | Beta blockers | 3d | multi | Beta agonists are used for shifting potassium into the cells in patients with hyperkalemia with ECG changes. Drugs used to treat hyperkalemia in patients with ECG changes are: Intravenous calcium gluconate (stabilize cardiac membrane) IV insulin, beta 2 agonists, IV NaHCO3 (shift potassium into cells) Methods of potass... | Medicine | null |
2b500a19-8e08-4492-a91d-205ec99f3ae2 | Haverhill fever is caused by ? | Baonella henselae | Streptobacillus moniliformis | Eikenella corrodens | Coccidioides | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Streptobacillus moniliformis Streptobacillus moniliformis causes rat-bite fever in humans.It enters the body through the wound caused by the rat bite.The infection also occurs by the ingestion of water, milk or food contaminated with rat excreta. In these cases, the infection is known as 'Haverhill fe... | Microbiology | null |
87aa9a79-406d-4874-b3f7-975a24837f22 | Primordial germ cells originate in the | Gonads at the 4th week of embryonic develpment | Epiblast at 2nd week of embryonic development | Gonads at 2nd month of embryonic development | Yolk sac at 4th week of embryonic development | 1b | single | Primordial germ cells originate in the epiblast Primordial germ cells (PGCs), also known as primitive sex cells originate in the epiblast at the caudal end of the primitive streak. PGCs are the precursors of gametes in both genders. PGCs arise in the epiblast during the 2nd week of development. They pass through the pr... | Anatomy | All India exam |
bea6298f-bdf9-4a43-97f8-6fe50593273b | Which bacteria is known as pfeiffer's bacillus | Hemophilus Influenzae | Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Burkholderia pseudomallei | Hemophilus aegyptius | 0a | multi | H influenzae - pfeiffer's bacillus
M pneumoniae - Eaton's agent
B pseudomallei - Whitmore bacillus. | Microbiology | null |
4f0187e1-7c09-4350-95a5-12f317584fad | Lutembacker syndrome includes all except- | Mitral stenosis | ASD | VSD | Left to right shunt | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., VSD * Lutembacher syndrome is defined as a combination of mitral stenosis and a left-to-right shunt at the atrial level.* Typically, the left-to-right shunt is an atrial septal defect (ASD) of the ostium secundum variety. | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
a6eaf5c2-dcd6-4730-9311-6269521179c4 | Which of the following drug is used postop to reverse the effect of heparin used intraoperatively in cardiac surgery? | Protamine sulfate | Vitamin K | Tranexamic acid | Factor VIII concentrate | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Protamine sulfate Protamine Sulfate* It is a strongly basic, low molecular weight protein obtained from the sperm of certain fish.* Given i.v.it neutralises heparin weight for weight, i.e. 1 mg is needed for every 100 U of heparin.* For the treatment of heparin induced bleeding, due consideration must... | Pharmacology | Hematology |
04a5989f-04ea-47ed-abd8-91f71f156997 | An infant presents with irritability, increased tone of extremities and recurrent seizures. Tissue examination reveals globoid cells in parenchyma around blood vessels. What is the most probable diagnosis? | Taysach’s disease | Krabbe disease | Adrenoleukodystrophy | Kanavan’s disease | 1b | single | (Refer: Nelson’ss textbook of pediatrics, 19th edition, pg no: 2071-2072)
Krabbe disease (KD)/globoid cell leukodystrophy
Autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder.
Characterized by severe myelin loss and the presence of globoid bodies in the white matter.
Deficiency of lysosomal enzyme galactocerebroside β- gala... | Unknown | null |
97355d3b-49b7-4ba6-a1d4-c7949e79cc22 | Which of the following antibodies is most frequently seen in Antiphospholipid Syndrome ? | Beta 2 microglobulin antibody | Anti-nuclear antibody | Anti-centromere antibody | Anti- beta 2 glycoprotein antibody | 3d | single | Anti- beta 2 glycoprotein antibodies are the most frequently observed antibodies in patient with APLA syndrome amongst the options provided | Pathology | null |
4cd5dbd4-2d94-4c6b-9ec8-031ed42cc3f3 | In extra amniotic 2nd trimester medicolegal termination of pregnancy, which of the following is used? | Ethacrydine lactate | Prostaglandin | Hypertonic saline | Glucose | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Ethacrydine lactateRef. Dutta Obs. 7/e, p 173Ethacridine lactate is drug of choice for extra-amniotic instillationAvailable as injection Emcredil (0.1%)Foleys catheter is introduced into extra-amniotic or extraovular space and bulb is inflated by 10-20 ml of Ethacridine solution.Dose is calculated as 10... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Abortion |
f29d8377-d8ae-4044-9809-d11f54318a8f | Advantage of LSCS are all EXCEPT: | Lateral extension | Less blood loss | Minimal wound hematoma | Less chance of gutter formation | 0a | multi | Lateral extension REF: Dutta 6th ed p. 595 ADVATNAGES OF LSCS Less blood loss Perfect apposition Less peritoneal infections Less morbid Better apposition of margins Minimal wound hematoma Less chance of gutter formation Lateral extension of the incision leading to hemorrhage is a complication or disadvantage of LSCS | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2b79c0b3-ea11-4722-8f63-d00ad72817b7 | A 48 year old woman presented with self inflicted injuries, auditory hallucinations, and delusional disorder. A routine MRI revealed a tumor invloving the posterior limb of the internal capsule and the structure medial to it. Which of the following structures are likely to be affected? | Globus pallidus | Putamen | Thalamus | Caudate nucleus | 2c | multi | The thalamus lies medial to the posterior limb of the internal capsule. The internal capsule seperates the thalamus and the caudate nucleus from the lentiform nucleus (globus pallidus+ putamen). It is V-shaped in horizontal section and is divided into the anterior limb, genu, posterior limb, retrolenticular pa, and sub... | Anatomy | Brain |
5f65c276-d57a-42fc-86bc-e1018d053568 | An infant present with bilateral white pupillary reflex. On slit lamp examination a zone of opacity is observed around the fetal nucleus with spoke like radial opacities. The most likely diagnosis is: | Cataracto Centralis Pulverulenta | Lamellar cataract | Coronary cataract | Posterior polar cataract | 1b | single | Ans. Lamellar cataract | Ophthalmology | null |
90b86000-49f9-4b40-8cd9-d3275276c877 | All of the following agents decreases bone resorption in osteoporosis, Except - | Alendronate | Etidronate | Strontium | Teriparatide | 3d | multi | A drug used in osteoporosis
Inhibit resorption: - Bisphosphonates, denosumab, cinacalcet, calcitonin, estrogen, SERMS, gallium nitrate.
Stimulateformation : -Teriparatide, calcium, calcitrial, fluorides,.
Both actions : - Strontium, renelate.
Drugs decreasing bone resorption initially increase bone mineral density (... | Orthopaedics | null |
ac3e4642-0fae-4ffe-af75-9e696dfe9ce9 | Irradiation can be used to sterilize all except | Bone graft | Suture | Artificial tissue graft | Bronchoscope | 3d | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
46b29620-bbc0-47f3-9d24-13436ec36bf1 | A patient presents with secondaries to the adrenals. The most common site of primary is - | Lung | Kidney | Breast | Stomach | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
65cbc444-68a6-42b7-9999-89f5f073ef0f | When an association between two variable is explained by a third variable due to indirect association. It is called as? | Cognitive bias | Confounding bias | Berkessonian bias | Indirect bias | 1b | multi | .confounding bias is used as a third variable to explain the association between two variables caused due to indirect association ref:park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,22nd edition,pg no 71 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
e6564f44-1b2f-49ac-8ec3-910f90c8feee | In PML, all of the following are seen except - | Retinoic acid is used in treatment | 15/17 translocation may be seen | CD 15/34 both seen in same cell | Associated with Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DFVC) | 2c | multi | Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML, APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a cancer of the white blood cells. In APL, there is an abnormal accumulation of immature granulocytes called promyelocytes. The disease is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARa ... | Medicine | Haematology |
df554c6f-23aa-441e-b247-e0d197b68fb5 | Which of the following statements about facilitated diffusion is true? | It is a form of active transport | It requires a carrier protein | Rate of transport is proportionate to the concentration gradient | Requires creatine phosphate | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) It requires a carrier proteinIf Diffusion happens without energy but with the help of carrier protein, it's called facilitated diffusionOne good example of a substance that use facilitated diffusion carrier protein is GLUCOSE transport using Glucose Transporters (GLUT) | Physiology | General |
b8ea2eb5-d55c-44d3-acc8-3c4cc333a537 | A 32-year-old patient has decreased pain and temperature sensation in the upper extremities, atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of his hand, and brisk deep tendon reflexes in the upper extremity. Your diagnosis? | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | Multiple sclerosis | Syringomyelia | Subacute combined degeneration | 2c | single | The patient is an adult with decreased pain and temperature sensation in the upper extremities, atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of his hand, and brisk deep tendon reflexes in the upper extremity. This constellation of clinical findings strongly suggests syringomyelia, which most commonly affects the cervical spinal co... | Medicine | C.N.S |
53ec7325-9570-424f-b6ce-323bc687e29e | Which sinus is the last sinus to appear radiologically on X-ray? | Maxillary sinus | Sphenoid sinus | Frontal sinus | Ethmoidal air cells | 2c | multi | Ans. is'c'i.e., Frontal sinus[Ref Textbook Of The Ear, Nose And Throat By De Soum, C. Et Al. p 394) | ENT | null |
744d2f92-1604-4d76-812f-b1645aa394cd | Blood group antigens chemically are | Carbohydrate | Glycoprotein | Phospholipids | Polysaccharide | 1b | multi | Ans is 'b' i.e.,Glycoprotein The ABO antigens are determined to be glycoproteins and glycolipids. | Pathology | null |
22100851-7213-46be-8a93-ec92d382a966 | Lactiferous duct of breast contraction is due to: | Progesterone | Estrogen | Oxytocin | Prolactin | 2c | single | Ans. C. Oxytocin* Oxytocin primarily results in stimulation of two specific types of muscular contraction:* Uterine muscular contraction during parturition* Breast lactiferous duct myoepithelial contraction during milk let down reflex.A Brief on Breast Functional Anatomy* The areola is central, pigmented portion of bre... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Endocrinology in Relation to Reproduction |
56417a1c-f476-4a6f-a472-fb940c723d0f | A patient presents to the emergency depament with uniocular diplopia. Examination with oblique illumination shows golden crescent while . examination with co-axial illumination show a dark crescent line. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis - | Lenticonus | Coloboma | Microspherophakia | Ectopia lentis | 3d | single | Ectopia lentis is a displacement or malposition of the eye's crystalline lens from its normal location. A paial dislocation of a lens is termed lens subluxation or subluxated lens; a complete dislocation of a lens is termed lens luxation or luxated lens. Uniocular diplopia is due to paial aphakia. Edge of subluxated le... | Ophthalmology | Lens |
d06229d8-762d-4b07-b6d8-2280092ca138 | A young patient is hospitalized with petechiae of oral mucous membrane, marginal gingival hemorrhage and with a platelet count of 45,000/ cc. The BT and Clot Retraction time are increased, RBC and TLC are normal. He is suffering from: | Infectious mononucleosis | Thrombocytopenic purpura | Leukemia | Hemophilia | 1b | single | null | Pathology | null |
25f77ff2-e256-4ec0-85be-278ca275702e | The monoclonal antibody useful in the treatment of PNH is: | Rituximab | Eculizumab | Infliximab | Adalimumab | 1b | single | By blocking the complement cascade downstream of C5, eculizumab abolishes complement-dependent intravascular hemolysis in all PNH patients, and significantly improves their quality of life. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 884 | Medicine | null |
93ddb4e1-f815-45b3-9a0e-feee8735f398 | Which of the following agents is likely to cause cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus in a newborn whose mother has history of taking spiramycin but was not complaint with therapy – | Rubella | Toxoplasmosis | CMV | Herpes | 1b | single | This question is straight forward; spiramycin is in pregnancy is given for toxoplasmosis. Prenatally acquired T.gondii may infect the brain and retina of the fetus and can cause chorioretinitis, intracerebral calcifications, and hydrocephalus.
Cerebral calcification and hydrocephalus may also occur with congenital CMV ... | Pediatrics | null |
de47747d-dbcf-4f51-8921-b867f434cec9 | Most malignant tumor of salivary glands - | Pleomorphic adenoma | Wahin tumor | Adenoid cystic carcinoma | Acinic cell tumor | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Adenoid cystic carcinoma | Pathology | null |
f7320c8f-3489-43db-8a71-cd0df79acafd | On MRI, the differential diagnosis of spinal cord edema is: | Myelodysplasia | Myelomalacia | Myeloschisis | Cord tumors | 1b | single | Myelomalacia is a increased T2w signal in the spinal cord where the spinal cord is atrophic with gliosis producing small and bright appearence of spinal cord | Radiology | Musculoskeletal Radiology |
466020eb-8751-4f00-9dde-aff3b276daeb | The graph shown in the illustration is known as: | Nephrogram | Cystometrogram | Pyelograph | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. B. Cystometrograma. Cystometry, also known as flow cystometry, is a clinical diagnostic procedure used to evaluate bladder function. Specifically,b. it measures contractile force of the bladder when voiding. The resulting chart generated from cystometric analysis is known as a CYSTOMETROGRAM (CMG), which plots vol... | Physiology | Kidneys and Body Fluids |
6cf1864e-124c-4d5a-8a0f-051938567538 | Perineal body muscles include all of the following except? | External anal sphincter | Levator ani | Deep transverse perenei | Iliacus | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., IliacusTen muscles of perineum converge and interlace in the perineal body -A) Two unpaired - (i) External anal sphincter, (ii) Fibres of longitudinal muscle coat of anal canal.B) Four paired:- (i) Bulbospongiosus, (ii) Superficial transverse perenei, (iii) Deep transversus perenei, (iv) Levator ani.I... | Anatomy | null |
fbd2b85b-061b-4208-91d5-eed33365169f | Phobia is defined as - | Palpitation on thinking about a definite entity | Excessive unreasonable fear about a specific situation | Perception without stimulation | Altered perception | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Excessive unreasonable fear about a specific situation o Phobia is persistent and morbid fear of specific situation, object or activity.Phobic disorderso Phobia is persistent and morbid fear of specific situation, object or activity. The fear is morbid because : - a) The fear is irrational: The object... | Psychiatry | Specific Phobia |
baf02112-f74d-4aaa-b5c7-131c7515a27c | Carbohydrates malabsorption is detected by: | Breath hydrogen test | Nitrogen breath test | Fecal nitrogen | Rapid urease test | 0a | single | Breath hydrogen test: used to identify the specific carbohydrate (lactose, sucrose, fructose, or glucose) that is malabsorbed. Ex: Lactose, if not absorbed in the small intestine, reaches the colon, where it is fermented to sho-chain organic acids, releasing hydrogen that is detected in the lactose breath test Rapid ur... | Pediatrics | Disorders of Gastrointestinal System Including Diarrhea |
96c51d5d-c0d5-45f2-b6fe-f796860f1d0f | Shy, self oriented and relationship problems are seen in which personality disorder: | Schizoid personality disorder | Paranoid personality disorder | Borderline personality disorder | Antisocial personality disorder | 0a | single | Persons with Schizoid personality disorder will be shy, isolated and uncomfortable with human interactions & hence relationship problems. | Psychiatry | null |
8050229a-45c2-4328-9569-d00da3b8f270 | Best test for detecting seminal stain is: | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | <img style="max-width: 100%" src=" /> | 0a | single | Image 1.- p30 test (Best test for seminal fluid is microscopy.) Image 2 -Barberio's test Image3-Florence test Image 4-Acid phosphatase test Some hot points for Blood Stain and Semen1. For identification of a blood stain the most reliable test is Spectroscopic test.2. Screening bloodstain --> presence of enzyme Peroxida... | Forensic Medicine | FMT Q Bank |
fd96d56b-41d4-48a1-9749-11cd774beb73 | Grade I benign prostate with outflow obstruction is best treated with - | Retropubic prostatectomy | Transurethral resection | Transvesical prostatectomy | Androgen therapy | 1b | single | • MC indication for surgery is symptoms interfering with quality of life (bothersome symptoms and symptoms of BOO).
• TURP (Gold standard) :
−− Cystoscopic removal of strips of prostatic tissue using diathermy loop. Two techniques; NESBIT technique (preferred maver mayer technique)
−− Best irrigant fluid is 1.5% glycin... | Surgery | null |
0956529f-0633-4297-ba22-682d09c11db8 | Which of the following forms Anterior boundary of Middle mediastinum? | Sterno-pericardial ligaments | Oesophagus | Azygos vein | Descending thoracic aoa | 0a | single | BOUNDARIES OF MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM: Anteriorly - sterno-pericardial ligaments Posteriorly - esophagus, descending thoracic aoa, Azygos vein On each side - Mediastinal pleura | Anatomy | Surfaces and Grooves |
25b0353e-6fb9-4284-84d5-5d1ab9b8d444 | Herring Breuer reflex is an increase in ? | Duration of inspiration | Duration of expiration | Depth of inspiration | Depth of expiration | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Duration of expirationThe Hering-Breuer inflation reflex is an increase in the duration of expiration produced by steady lung inflation, and the Hering-Breuer deflation reflex is a decrease in the duration of expiration produced by marked deflation of the lung. | Physiology | null |
fb2cf0c0-7b85-4ba0-b985-153b7bad10d7 | A PATIENT WAS ON LITHIUM THERAPY FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER FOR 6MONTHS SHE KEPT THE FAST FOR FEW DAYS .SHE PRESENTED WITH S3 , COARSE TREMORS , CONFUSION AND WEAKNESS OF LIMBS. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SHOULD BE DONE NEXT TO ASSESS HER CONDITION ? | S.ELECTROLYTES | ECG | MRI | S.LITHIUM LEVELS | 3d | single | REF : KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED | Pharmacology | All India exam |
e01b2094-572c-43f9-a3b1-75e4ed41515d | A child can withhold and postpone bowel movements by the age of: | 2 years | 3 years | 5 years | 4 years | 1b | single | Ans: b (3 years) Ref: OP Ghai,6th, ed, p. 47At the age of 3 years, a child can withhold and postpone his bowel movements.* Gastrocol ic reflex weakens by 4 months* Bowel movement becomes irregular without any relation to eating by 7 months.* Toddler can walk to the toilet by the age of 15 to 18 months and is usually re... | Pediatrics | Growth, Development, and Behavior |
cd890433-38ff-40b2-acf4-4ebe8ae52ff0 | 10 year old girl with primary amenorrhoea, absent breasts, malformed uterus. The most likely diagnosis: | MRKH syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Swyer syndrome | Mixed gonadal dysgenesis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Turner's syndrome Swyer syndrome (Pure gonadal dysgenesis)Patients with pure gonadal dysgenesis have XY karyotype.In these cases primitive germ cells do not migrate to the genital ridge so testis will not develop instead, the patients have streak gonads.Normal testis secretes Mullerian inhibiting facto... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Genital Differentiation |
06134934-d5fe-47b7-a653-3ef276b36dbb | Which of the following is not seen in scoline apnea | It is due to succinylcholine | It can be inherited | Patients usually do not die of scoline apne they are properly managed | It occurs due to deficiency of cholinesterase | 3d | multi | Ans. d. It occurs due to deficiency of cholinesterase | Skin | null |
2e237c12-b3f6-4771-ac63-b2780e15be83 | Diabetic gangrene is due to - | Ischemia | Increased blood glucose | Altered defense by host and neuropathy | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above | Surgery | null |
c3a8761f-af83-4be4-bff7-5e429a9b9064 | Maximum damage to skin is caused by | Super voltage X-ray therapy | Mega voltage X-ray | Orthovoltage X-ray | Cobalt-60 | 2c | single | Ans. c (Orthovoltage X-ray) (Ref. Harrison's medicine 17th ed. 484)# External Beam therapy unit includea. X-ray machine orb. Teletherapy unit (i.e. Linear Acclerator or Cobalt-60 unit)# Beams used for external radiotherapy are# X-ray beams:a. Conventionalb. Superficial: 40 to 120 kVc. Orthovoltage: 250 to 400 kVd. Mega... | Radiology | Fundamentals In Radiology |
19fb3249-5852-499b-97c7-d4a5e431355e | Egyptian opthalmia is- | Spring Catarrh | Trachoma | Intersitial keratitis | xerophthalmia | 1b | single | Trachoma (previously known as Egyptian ophthalmia) is a chronic keratoconjunctivitis, primarily affecting the superficial epithelium of conjunctiva and cornea simultaneously. It is characterised by a mixed follicular and papillary response of conjunctival tissue It is still one of the leading causes of preventable blin... | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
2f53b391-aa4c-42a7-bf19-6d9bdac5d44e | An alcoholic person comes to your office, he can't tell his name, there is gross incordination in walking and his eye is deviated to one side. What is your diagnosis? | Wernicke's encephalopathy | Korsakoff's psychosis | Alcoholic hallucination | Delirium tremens | 0a | multi | Incordination in walking (ataxia), and deviation of the eye to one side (ophthalmoplegia due to 6th nerve palsy) and inability to tell his name (suggests of confusion) in an alcoholic suggest the diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy. | Psychiatry | null |
dbbfcccf-73e4-495e-8f91-7dac3c3bc670 | Lateral ventricle is connected to third ventricle by? | Foramen of Monro | Foramen of luschka | Foramen of magendie | Median foramen | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Foramen of Monro Ventricles of brain These are cavities in the brain lined by ependyma and filled with CSF.They contain choroid plexuses with secrete CSF.These are four fluid filled intercommunicating cavities within the brain :- (i) two lateral ventricles (right and left), (ii) third ventricle, and (... | Anatomy | null |
5a535999-e674-4c2b-8dba-993873bd0abc | A 28-year-old woman patient who is 13 weeks pregnant presents for an antenatal clinic appointment. The patient feels embarrassed when asked to provide a urine sample and produces enough for a urine dipstick test only which is positive for leukocytes and nitrites. The patient denies any symptoms. The most appropriate tr... | Trimethoprim | Quinolone | Tetracycline | Cephalexin | 3d | single | The treatment of symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria is impoant to prevent complications in pregnancy. Empiric treatment for common organisms such as Escherichia coli and Proteus should be administered while maintaining safety. Penicillins and cephalosporins, such as cephalexin (D), are safe for use during pregnan... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d98e5a88-caf4-4177-957f-6e0af3e8eb58 | Which one of the following amino acid residue is carboxylated by Vitamin K? | Aspaate | Glutamate | Tryptophan | Tyrosine | 1b | single | Vitamin K is the cofactor for g-carboxylation of glutamate residues of protein to produce g-carboxy glutamate (gla). This process is known as Vitamin K epoxide cycle (as illustrated in the image below). | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals |
fb847604-8f26-4439-ac10-206b471fc967 | Tricyclic Anti depressant are contraindicated in | Glucoma | Brain Tumor | Bronchial Asthma | Hypeension | 0a | single | A i.e. Glucoma | Psychiatry | null |
8dd5e278-cb20-44b4-93fe-3707df14ca4e | Esophagus is present in all except | Superior mediastinum | Middle mediastinum | Anterior mediastinum | Posterior mediastinum | 2c | multi | It passes through the mediastinum in both the superior and the inferior posterior sections before entering the abdominal cavity by passing through the right crus of the diaphragm at the level of the tenth thoracic veebrae. ref - BDC vol1 6e pg 282 | Anatomy | Thorax |
cf3f18d3-934d-4438-9529-16219c2471c7 | Fatty acid present in breast milk which is impoant for growth & CNS development is: | Docosahexaenoic acid | Palmitic acid | Linoleic acid | Linolenic acid | 0a | single | Human milk contains 30 times more DHA than cow's milk- predominant fatty acid in brain and retina | Pediatrics | Breast Milk & Breast Feeding |
a45dab96-8b72-43bb-957b-061c33e01a4b | All are true regarding course of ureter in pelvis except | Ureter passes over bifurcation of common iliac artery | It is crossed by ovarian vessels where it enters true pelvis | Obturator vessels and nerve lie medially in relation to ureter at pelvic brim | Ureter pierces lateral ligament where ureteric canal is developed. | 2c | multi | Obturator vessels and nerve lie laterally in relation to ureter at pelvic brim. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a71f8e27-18fc-4738-8993-aae9da82226d | Treatment of hypoglycemia due to insulin is all except | Glucagon | Glucose IV | Adrenaline | Candy | 2c | multi | Adrenaline is a counter-regulatory hormone. Hypoglycemia is managed by glucose or oral carbohydrates or oral juices or Glucagon other counter regulatory hormones are growth hormone,steroids. Ref: Harrison16th ed. Pg 2185 | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
f52286c5-82a8-40d9-a2fd-e4d335755bc0 | In Rh Isoimmunization, exchange transfusion is indicated in all of the following except: | Cord blood hemoglobin < 10 g/dl | Cord bilirubin is more than 5 mg/dl | DCT positive & History of previous sibling affected | Hydrops fetalis | 3d | multi | d. Hydrops fetalis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 871-879, Ghai 8/e p 172-176)Indications of Exchange transfusion in a neonate with Rh incompatibility are:Cord hemoglobin <10g/dL or Cord bilirubin >5mg/dLDirect coomb's test positive & H/o kernicterus or severe erythroblastosis in a sibling. | Pediatrics | New Born Infants |
0b045249-a47c-465f-b498-922239cb2264 | Which of the following is the BEST way to treat medullary carcinoma of thyroid? | Near total thyroidectomy + Radioiodine | Subtotal thyroidectomy + Radiotherapy | Total thyroidectomy + Radioiodine | Total thyroidectomy + Radiotherapy | 3d | single | Treatment of choice for the medullary carcinoma of thyroid is the Total thyroidectomy + modified radical neck dissection. But the option is not provided among options. As total thyroidectomy is provide in option 3 and 4 so answer should be either 3 or 4 Now as far as radioiodine is concerned, it is clearly mentioned in... | Surgery | null |
3d43c047-8c19-4af8-a28d-382242629783 | Hea-lung machines are sterilized by? | Glutaraldehyde | Ethylene oxide | Carbolic acid | Aqueous solution of iodine | 1b | single | ETHYLENE DIOXIDE its action is due to alkylating the amino ,carboxy,hydroxyland sulphydrl groups in protein molecules. In addition it reacts with DNA and RNA. It is use as a disinfectant presents a potential toxicity to human beings including mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. it diffuses through many types of porous ma... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
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