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135
e3f10d8b-15c6-4a55-8b3f-d7c48eadc4a1
WER stands for
World epidemiological record
Weekly epidemiological record
World epidemic record
Weekly environmental record
1b
single
An impoant activity of WHO is epidemiological surveillance of communicable disease. WHO collects and disseminates epidemiological information on diseases subject to International health regulations and occasionally other communicable diseases of international impoance through an Automatic Telex Reply service (ATRS) and...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health care of community & international health
199bdb54-dd42-4f61-8906-cd52f257d622
Treatment of sagittal split condylar fracture?
No treatment
ORIF
Reduction for four weeks + physiotherapy
Reduction for two weeks and elastic guided
3d
single
null
Surgery
null
49be9688-71bc-4132-b410-6c1615705a04
Pain and temperature sensation passes through which of the following tract?
Anterior spino thalamic tract
Lateral spino thalamic tract
Corticospinal tract
Dorsal column
1b
single
(B) Lateral spino thalamic tract # Dorsal column: Touch, pressure, vibration joint position# Lateral spinothalamic tract: Pain & Temperature# Ventral spinothalamic tract: Crude touch
Physiology
Nervous System
307ac969-100f-46af-8ec6-997b8bfe58eb
A group of expes discuss a health topic in front of an audience, with no specific order of speeches. This method of communication is:
Focused group discussion (FGD)
Panel discussion
Symposium
Seminar
1b
single
Panel discussion: 1. '4-8 persons' who are qualified to talk about the topic sit and discuss a given problem / topic in front of a target group of audience. 2. Panel comprises of a chairman or moderator, and 4 - 8 speakers. 3. There is 'no specific agenda, no order of speaking and no set speeches'. 4. After the speaker...
Social & Preventive Medicine
HC Methods, D-P Communication
879b0929-ea4a-45c6-876b-220093346596
During a manic episode, a patient typically exhibits: FMGE 10
Delusion of persecution
Low self-esteem
Crying spells
Grandiosity
3d
multi
Ans. Grandiosity
Forensic Medicine
null
a6e6c345-6bd5-49d3-8d09-b2e6652b7fc9
Helicobacter pylori is not associated with -
Gastrointestinal lymphoma
Gastric cancer
Gastric leiomyoma
Peptic ulcer
2c
single
null
Microbiology
null
4c8766f4-83be-4f1b-98c5-adf68c52d63f
The following statements regarding finasteride are true except
It is used in the medical treatment of benign Prostatic hyperophy (BPH)
Impotence is well documented after its use
It blocks the conversion of dihydrotestosterone to testosterone
It is a 5 -alpha reductase inhibitor
2c
multi
.Finasteride, is used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia male pattern baldness. It is a 5a-reductase inhibitor; 5a-reductase, an enzyme, conves testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (option 3 its give otherway round) Adverse affects include increased risk for impotence, erectile dysfunction, decrease...
Surgery
Urology
daa8eb9f-93e0-4c31-9f1e-5fc28c402208
Which of the following procedures is routine technique for karyotyping using light microscopy:
C-banding
G-banding
Q-banding
V-staining
1b
single
G-banding which includes staining with Giemsa is the most common technique used for karyotyping Q-banding- fluorescent pattern obtained using quinacrine for staining C-banding- selective chromosome stain in which Giemsa stain is used to stain heterochromatic regions close to the centromeres V-staining- method for detec...
Pediatrics
Types of Genetic Disorders
25f75c61-f201-42eb-aef4-718423a0edf7
Mineral toxicity of Manganese produces
Menkes syndrome
Impaired immunity
Cardiomyopathy
Neurologic symptoms resembling those of parkinsonism
3d
single
(D) Neurologic symptoms resembling those of parkinsonism TRACE MINERALSNutrientFunctionsEffects of DeficiencyToxicity* ChromiumPromotion of glucose tolerancePossibly impaired glucose tolerance * CopperEnzyme component, hematopoiesis, bone formationAnemia in undernourished children, Menkes (kinky-hair) syndromeWilson di...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Miscellaneous
4b838ebe-5cf4-4ba2-9da8-94d475818aee
A 27 year old sexually active male develops a vesiculobullous lesion on the glans soon after taking tablet paracetamol for fever. The lesion healed with hyperpigmentation. The most likely diagnosis is -
Behcet's syndrome
Herpes genitalis
Fixed drug eruption
Pemphigus vulgaris
2c
multi
Fixed drug eruption manifests as skin lesions at fixed sites following drug intake. Page no.294. Reference IADVL's concise textbook of dermatology
Dental
Autoimmune skin disorders
6c6bc345-d6f7-416d-b222-c8991ff284e1
Shield ulcer is seen in -
Phylectenular conjunctivitis
Spring Cattarrh
Mycotic corneal ulcer
Herpetic ulcer
1b
single
Impoant signs of spring catarrh Conjunctival Corneal Palpebral Bulbar $? Papillary hyperophy into polygonal $? Gelatinous thickening around $? Punctate epithelial keratitis papilla limbus $? Ulcerative vernal kratitis : shallow $? Giant papilla (Cauliflower $? Ducky red triangular congestion $? Pseudogerontoson : Chara...
Ophthalmology
Conjunctiva
eae38cb2-f038-44f4-b8df-8d3e35de2697
The most impoant point of reference in the use of forceps is :
The Plane of greatest dimension
Posterior sagittal diameter
Pelvic axis
Station of biparietal diameter
3d
single
Station of biparietal diameter
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
ec7be500-5153-49a9-a20c-cbae0c489af6
Drug of choice for treatment of infection caused by methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus is:
Macrolides
Third generation cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Glycopeptides
3d
single
GLYCOPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS Vancomycin It is a glycopeptide antibiotic discovered in 1956 as a penicillin substitute which has assumed special significance due to efficacy against MRSA Strep. viridans, Enterococcus and Cl. difficile. It is bactericidal to gram-positive cocci, Neisseria, Clostridia and diphtheroids. Howeve...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
35c921e5-23f9-47a0-a479-4ed7f80c333f
A young, tall, thin, male with arachnodactyly have ectopia lentis in both eyes. The most likely diagnosis is
Marfan's syndrome
Marchesani's syndrome
Homocystinuria
Ehler's danlos syndrome
0a
multi
Arachnodactyly and ectopia lentis (dislocation of the lens) in tall thin male suggests Marfan&;s Syndrome.It is a genetic disorder of the connective tissue of the bodyMutation in the fibrillary gene(15 q 21.1)Loss of fibrillary fiber base for deposition of elastinAlteration in connective tissue in various pas of the bo...
Medicine
All India exam
b155f144-cf2b-4e62-bace-b8afe2b2c504
In a newborn, Harlequins skin change is due to
Polycythemia
Septicemia
Autonomic dysfunction
Ichthyosis
2c
single
HARLEQUIN COLOR CHANGEA rare but dramatic vascular event, harlequin color change occurs in the immediate newborn period and is most common in low bihweight infants. It probably reflects an imbalance in the autonomic vascular regulatory mechanism. When the infant is placed on 1 side, the body is bisected longitudinally ...
Pediatrics
Hematology
f8580a0a-c881-48ad-a8d1-8a27d15a432e
OPSI is related to
Kidney
Brain
Lung
Spleen
3d
single
Overwhelming post splenectomized infection (OPSI) is seen in patient&;s who have undergone splenectomy. post splenectomized patients are more prone to infections with pneumococcal septicaemia, Neisseria meningitides, H influenza, Babesia microfti And can occur any time after splenectomy SRB 5 the edition page no.677
Surgery
G.I.T
f1e534ac-0c82-46ea-b3b8-6bb10e0e7b86
Vasanti, a 25-year-old-girl, presents with complaints of fever and weakness. On examination there is splenomegaly of 3 cm below the costal margin. Hb is 8 gm/dL, TLC is 3,000/mm3, platelet count is 80,000/mm3. Which of the following is the least likely diagnosis
Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Anemia of chronic disease
Aplastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
2c
single
Answer is C (Aplastic anemia) Patient in question has anemia with pancytopenia and an enlarged spleen. Presence of an enlarged spleen makes aplastic anemia the least likely diagnosis. All other conditions mentioned as options may present with both pancytopenia and splenomegaly. Parameters Normal Patient in question Inf...
Medicine
null
bbbbb4d3-3863-42e5-ad3e-c0064241b2c5
GNAQ mutations are seen in
Malignant melanoma
UVeal melanoma
Medullo epithelioma
All the above
1b
multi
Mutations in GNAQ, the gene encoding an alpha subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, are found in 40% of uveal melanomas.
Ophthalmology
null
9a7207fd-b0a2-4fd5-82e5-6977a446afab
The mantle dentin found alon DEJ is
20 μm
30 μm
40 μm
50 μm
0a
single
The mantle dentin found along the DEJ is about 20μm thick and it contains larger-diameter argyrophilic (silver stained) collagen fibers arranged perpendicularly to the DEJ. The circumpulpal dentin contains smaller-diameter closely packed collagen fibers. The dentin which forms after root completion is called secondary ...
Dental
null
9137dabe-3c27-4a62-9f49-5d384d8a760f
Contraceptive pill with least failure rate :
Sequential pill
Mini pill
Combined pill
None
2c
multi
Combined pill
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1417df4f-0082-415e-ab56-ec2d0539ccf1
The total osmolarity of new oral rehydration solution formulation is -
210 mmol\/litre
245 mmol\/litre
255 mmol\/litre
300 mmol\/litre
1b
single
<p>ORS Aim of oral rehydration therapy is to prevent dehydration and reduce moality. Oral fluid therapy is based on the observation that glucose given orally enhances the intestinal absorption of salt and water and is capable of correcting electrolyte and water deficit. At first the composition of oral rehydration salt...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and health
30381850-497a-422e-be7b-f35a91177b12
Perjury i-
Willful utterance of falsehood
An act comitted within court premises
Failure to sign summons
Failure to appear as a witness
0a
multi
Perjury means giving willful false evidence under oath. Whoever makes any statement in court which is false and which he either knows or believes to be false or does not believe to be true, he may be charged with the crime of Perjury Under Section 193 IPC.
Forensic Medicine
null
4adef9c7-4007-4389-8f40-1202d41ff933
Commonest complication of diabetes, complicating pregnancy is :
VSD
ASD
Sacral agenesis
Anencephaly
0a
single
VSD
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
10fe47bd-0fa1-46a8-b282-0d19883d2ebc
Appetite phase of gastric secretion is
Cephalic
Gastric
Intestinal
None of these
0a
multi
The cephalic phase of gastric secretion occurs even before food enters the stomach, especially while it is being eaten. It results from the sight, smell, thought, or taste of food, and the greater the appetite, the more intense is the stimulation. Neurogenic signals that cause the cephalic phase of gastric secretion or...
Physiology
G.I.T
5aaf0a1c-6fd3-432b-a9f2-8972b118cae1
Anesthetic agent contraindicated in acute hepatitis is?
Sevoflurane
Halothane
Ketamine
Isoflurane
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Halothane * Among given options halothane is the best answer as other agents are relatively safe in hepatic dysfunction. But it should be kept in mind that pre-existing liver disease and jaundice is not a contraindication to halothane. Unexplained liver dysfunction and jaundice to previous exposure of...
Anaesthesia
Anaesthesia For Special Situations
8e45b776-b128-46b9-8bf6-b983803d596c
Factors which decrease insensible water losses are all, except -
Humidified air
Sedation
Hypothermia
Prematurity
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prematurity o Prematurity increases insensible water loss.
Pediatrics
null
9fc06bec-01a0-49b4-b5bb-6758edc76739
Best tocolytic in a cardiac patient is
Atosbian
Isoxsuprine
Nifedipine
MgSO4
0a
single
Atosiban is oxytocin antagonist and best tocolytic in cardiac patients. B agonists and Calcium channel blockers are contraindicated in hea disease complicated pregnancies.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Abnormal labor
a9e433cd-dcbc-4279-a400-7f940fbd6484
A male 45 years old complains of weakness. He is a chronic alcoholic. General examination reveals elevated transaminases in blood and hepatomegaly. Icterus is visible on sclera and pale coloration of skin is present. On USG examination, fatty liver is revealed. Which of the following substances may be responsible for t...
Orotic acid
Pyridoxine and pantothenic acid deficiency
Alcohol
All of the above
3d
multi
The antibiotic puromycin, ethionine (α-amino-γ-mercaptobutyric acid),  carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, phosphorus, lead, and arsenic all cause fatty liver and a marked reduction in concentration of VLDL in rat blood. Orotic acid also causes fatty liver; it is believed to interfere with glycosylation of the lipoprotei...
Biochemistry
null
7b1ddc21-0d7b-4742-a5c5-63e5c85a48f2
Network analysis is -
Quantitative method
Qualitative method
Health education
None
2c
multi
A network analysis is a graphical plan of all events and activities to be completed inorder to reach an end objective.It brings greater discipline in planning.Two common types of network techniques are PE CPM(refer pgno:872 park 23 rd edition)
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health education & planning
29a98d23-284e-431d-ab60-cb618902498b
2x102 Streptococcus viridans are inoculated into a flask containing one liter of enriched broth. If the lag time is 30 minutes and the generation time is 20 minutes. How many bacteria will there be in the culture after two and a half hours?
6 x 10^2
1.2 x 10^3
1.6 x 10^3
1.28 x 10^4
3d
single
During the lag time, by definition, bacteria newly introduced into a culture will undergo metabolic changes necessary for use of the medium, but will NOT increase in number. Therefore, at the end of the first 30 minutes elapsed time, the number of bacteria in the culture will be 2 x 10^2. Thereafter, the number of bact...
Microbiology
null
03b934ae-741e-488f-af11-78ee90f70b86
True about the following tongue lesion :
Geographic tongue associated with vitamin B deficiency
Mucosal silvery plauqe associated with mucosal psoriasis
Candidiasis associated with diabetes
Oral hairy leukoplakia associated Epstein-Barr virus infection
3d
multi
Oral hairy leukoplakia presents as white plaques on the lateral tongue and is associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Geographic tongue : Multiple red patches with irregular yellow-white border, dorsal lateral tongue, lesions migrate, usually asymptomatic Candidiasis :Surface debris with pain/ burning which rubs ...
Dental
Viral infections
0a2c1454-af95-422b-bc79-d5bda7922c3e
A newborn has a fever of 103degF. Blood culture grows gram-positive cocci in chains. This is most likely to be which of the following?
Group A Streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes)
Group B Streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae)
Salmonella species
Streptococcus pneumoniae
1b
single
Most human infections caused by Streptococci involve the group A organisms (Streptococcus pyogenes). The group B Streptococci are members of the female genital tract and are impoant causes of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Here we have newborn in the question given, so the most likely organism would be Gr B strep.
Physiology
All India exam
9ddd6c55-fe6a-480e-beaf-b7d70053d697
Vasoconstriction in burn wound is seen in
Zone of coagulation
Zone of hyperemia
Zone of stasis
None of the above
2c
multi
Zone of stasis lies outer to zone of coagulation. It has  vasoconstriction and resultant ischaemia.
Surgery
null
c5357487-1a62-4e1f-991a-9dad81bc3de7
The rate of injection of intravenous Valium is:
1 ml / min
2.5 ml / min
1 mg / min
2.5 mg / min
0a
single
null
Pharmacology
null
33e61f8f-0c95-48bf-a2bb-169652abfab9
All the following are true concerning Rieger's syndrome except:
Autosomal recessive inheritance
Glaucoma
The possible presence of facial, dental and osseous defects
The spectrum of Axenfeld's anomaly and marked abnormal development of the iris mesoderm.
0a
multi
Ans. Autosomal recessive inheritance
Ophthalmology
null
2a7dc3b7-f7a8-4c75-b6d1-f376aa616891
A 2 year old boy suffering from leukemia, following are the x–ray findings –a) Osteolytic lesion in flat bonesb) Metaphyseal osteoporosisc) Periosteal new bone formationd) Osteosclerosis of long bonese) Transverse line of dark band below the growth plate
ab
bce
acd
ace
1b
single
Characteristically, there are zones of rarefaction with delicate subperiosteal new bone formation in the metaphysial regions of femur, humerus or spine and pelvis. X-ray reveals subepriosteal and subepiphyseal resorption of bones. Dark bands above the metaphysis called Growth Arrest Lines. Metaphyseal lucencies affects...
Pediatrics
null
ab66a897-aaed-40c0-882c-5656dcf73d00
Which of the following is NOT a branch of Facial Aery?
Superior labial Aery
Inferior labial Aery
Lateral nasal Aery
Sublingual Aery
3d
single
Sublingual Aery is a branch of lingual aery which is a branch of external carotid aery. The branches of the facial aery are: Cervical Ascending palatine aery Tonsillar branch Submental aery Glandular branches Facial Inferior labial aery Superior labial aery Lateral nasal branch to nasalis muscle Angular aery- the termi...
Anatomy
Abdomen: Miscellaneous
ab2984a4-3289-4acd-a151-4ba6ab01bac8
With reference to the Total Sanitation Campaign, consider the following statements -
It is a project based program taking district as a unit
At present, it is implementated in 300 selected rural districts of the country & School Sanitation and Hygiene Eudcation is one of the components in it
It is a project based program taking district as a unit & School Sanitation and Hygiene Eudcation is one of the components in it
It is a project based program taking district as a unit / At present, it is implementated in 300 selected rural districts of the country & School Sanitation and Hygiene Eudcation is one of the components in it
2c
multi
Rural sanitation was addressed by the Government of India (GoI) in the 1980s through the Central Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP). The CRSP "was staed in 1986 to provide sanitation facilities in rural areas. It was a supply driven, highly subsidy and infrastructure oriented programme". The conditions also varied subst...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
623b72b5-31c1-45e4-9b30-8e699d0d0a24
All are true about composite skin graft EXCEPT
Covers skins and under tissue
High risk failure
Skin grafting requires to fill the gap
Can be useful in fingertip amputation
1b
multi
(High risk failure): (7094- CSDT 13th edition; 404-Baily & Love 26th)COMPOSITIVE GRAFTS (usually skin and fat or skin and cartilage)* Free graft that must reestablish its blood supply in the recipient area* Often taken from the ear margin and useful for rebuilding missing elements of nose, eyelids andfingertips* Compos...
Surgery
Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
3836e1ca-8770-4a6b-a6d0-afcef64070e9
Which of the following features is not seen in Anorexia Nervosa?
Decreased total brain volume
Lowered metabolic rate
Impaired regulation in growth hormone levels
Decreased serum protein
3d
single
Impoant medical complications related to Anorexia Nervosa Peripheral oedema Lanugo hair development Skin changes (dryness, scaling, yellow tinge caused by carotinemia) Lowered metabolic rate (bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia) Normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels; low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome Normal or o...
Psychiatry
Eating Disorders
7190fe72-a1cf-4513-9d91-d4f71df4431a
Rhinosporidium seeberi belongs to:
Fungus
Bacteria
Aquatic protistan protozoa
Virus
0a
single
Ans. (a) Fungus Ref Ananthanaravan' 7/e; p 603 Rhinosporiduim seeberi Lower aquatic fungi forming spores Natural habitat is reservoir water and perhaps soil contaminated with that water. Once infected organism produce a polypoidal mass lesion in the affected area, commonest site being nose, nasopharynx, tonsil, eye. Di...
Microbiology
null
0d1684fc-e650-4e15-bfdc-87d3bb27d4c7
Infective form of Hookworms ?
Egg
Rhabditiform larva
Filariform larva
None
2c
multi
Filariform larva Eggs are passed in the stool, and under orable conditions (moisture, warmth, shade), larvae hatch in 1 to 2 days. The released rhabditiform larvae grow in the feces and/or the soil, and after 5 to 10 days (and two molts) they become filariform (third-stage) larvae that are infective .
Microbiology
null
5010fd06-03c0-4221-bc3a-efd28902fcac
30 yr female with depressed mood, decreased appetite & no interest since one year. Diagnosis is-
Dysthymia
Depression
Anxiety
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Depression o Depressed mood, decreased appetite and no interest since one year suggest the diagnosis of depression,o For diagnosis of dysthymia, depressive symptoms should be present for at least 2 years.Mood disorderso According to ICD-10, mood (affective) disorders are grouped into six main categori...
Psychiatry
Major Depression
69f56205-55aa-4a0f-85c0-1dc7921f29ba
A Hanging Curtain Sign is seen in:
Hordeolum externum
Psoriasis
Lichen Planus
Pityriasis Rosea
3d
single
Ans. d. Pityriasis RoseaHanging certain sign, collarette of scales, cigarette paper scales all are seen pityriasis rosea
Skin
Papulosquamous Disorders
d8e084d2-cf7f-48fa-8153-572be1713fd5
Arsenic is useful in the treatment of:
Acute promyelocytic leukemia
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Transient myeloproliferative disorder
All of the above
0a
multi
Arsenic has been a traditional poison for ages. Recently,therapeutic value of small doses of arsenic trioxide in APL has been recognised.It probably acts by enhancing reactive oxygen free radical generation in APL.It is primarily used in resistant/relapsed cases of APL after tretinoin treatment.Later ,Arsenic trioxide ...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
3179f405-491f-489a-88f9-435b77eee782
Not a part of kangaroo mother care-
Skin to skin contact
Early discharge
Free nutritional supplements
Exclusive breast feeding
2c
single
Ans- C Free nutritional supplements
Social & Preventive Medicine
Obstetrics
691f9535-4df3-4125-9c91-bd246b54d4b9
Injury to the nerve which passes superior to piriformis and winds around greater sciatic notch, most likely affected which muscle
Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus
Obturator internus
Piriformis
0a
single
Structures passing above the pyriformis:-Superior gluteal nerve and vessels.It winds around greater sciatic notch.SUPERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE Root value: L4,L5,S1Course: enters the gluteal region through greater sciatic notch above pyriformis muscle. Runs between gluteus medius and gluteus minimus to end in tensor fascia la...
Anatomy
Lower limb
b80e27e7-bcaf-4a37-a8bf-f0c14eb0ec51
Dispersion of crystalline phase to strengthen ceramics results in
dispersed porcelain
glazed porcelain
aluminium porcelain
all of the above
2c
multi
null
Dental
null
ecb9316d-6d3d-4025-b82b-a55abf550d29
Gene for Wilson's disease is located on chromonsome?
7
10
13
17
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 13 The ATP 7 B gene is located on chromosome 13, which is responsible for Wilson's disease.
Pathology
null
7d25d43c-0498-49b8-a871-5a8949a1efd9
Not true about macular function test is:
Two-point discrimination
Maddox rod
Laser interferometry
Retinogram
3d
multi
Ans.Retinogram
Ophthalmology
null
f447b721-2310-4147-963e-adfe65842b23
Vital capacity is sum of
Inspiratory reserve volume, Tidal volume and Expiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume, Inspiratory reserve volume and Residual volume
Expiratory reserve volume, Inspiratory reserve volume and Residual volume.
Residual volume, Inspiratory volume, and Expiratory reserve volume.
0a
single
Ans. a (Inspiratory reserve volume, Tidal volume and expiratory reserve volume) (Ref Ganong 23rd/593)Ganong 23rd/Fig. 35-7:# VC = 4700 ml = ERV + TV + IRVRespiratory volumes and capacities for an average young male.MeasurementTypicalDefinitionRespiratory volumes1Tidal volume (TV)500 mlAmount of air inhaled or exhaled i...
Physiology
Respiratory System
d4c5188f-6216-4ec1-bc87-f2f93e0fa071
A 3-year-old child presents at the physician's office with symptoms of coryza, conjunctivitis, low-grade fever, and Koplik's spots. The causative agent of this disease belongs to which group of viruses?
image_question
image_question
image_question
image_question
1b
single
Koplik's spots are pathognomonic for measles. The measles virus is a paramyxovirus. In industrialized countries, vaccination has reduced the impoance of this childhood infection (although U.S. incidence increased in 1989 and 1990). In developing countries, however, measles is a major killer of young children. In Americ...
Microbiology
Virology
9bd869e6-82c2-46f4-9476-273c94517b54
The submerged pa of cerebral coex is
Insula
Broadman area
Corpus collosum
Pirform sulcus
0a
single
Answer- A. InsulaFunctions of insulaInsula provides an emotional context that is suitable for a given sensory experience.It has also been shown to be associated with pain processes as well as with several basic emotions such as anger, fear, disgust, joy.
Medicine
null
8ce83fe1-1f59-4f97-bbd8-c7f1548a8064
vWF protects:
Factor V
Factor VI
Factor VII
Factor VIII
3d
single
d. Factor VIII(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2390, Ghai 8/e p 349)2 major functions of vWF are: Platelet adhesion via Gp Ib/IX and stabilization of factor VIII in circulation.
Pediatrics
C.V.S.
cb7d5a39-c415-4119-96eb-169d0a4af77b
Hydrops fetalis is defined sonographically by
One or more fetal effusions
Two or more fetal effusions
Anasarca
Two or more fetal effusions with Anasarca
1b
multi
The term hydrops refers to excessive accumulation of serous fluid in the body, and strictly defined, hydrops fetalis is edema of the fetus. Traditionally, the diagnosis was made after delivery of a massively edematous neonate, often stillborn. With sonography, hydrops has become a prenatal diagnosis. It is defined as t...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
27d39a4e-31c7-4ec2-9a7e-cd8ef825a1ec
Maximum blood flow per 100 gram of organ is seen in
Brain
Liver
Kidney
Skeletal muscle
2c
single
Organ Blood flow / 100gm of organ Kidney Liver Brain Skeletal muscle 400ml / 100gm / min 100ml / 100gm / min 50ml / 100gm / min 2-4ml / 100gm / min
Physiology
null
94432dab-657d-4985-b140-7f088de8d839
Alprostadil is indicated in -
Erectile dysfunction
PPH
Glaucoma
Cervical ripening
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Erectile dysfunction o Alprostadil(PGE1) is commonly used for -i) To maintain the patency of ductus arteriosus.ii) Erectile dysfunction.
Pharmacology
D.O.C
0df66336-6555-43a9-8a8c-7b265ccf3bec
Major basic proteins are produced by?
Lymphocyte
Eosinophil
Neutrophil
Basophil
1b
single
Eosinophils have a granule that contains major basic protein (MBP) Proteoglycan 2, (natural killer cell activator, eosinophil granule major basic protein), also known as PRG2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PRG2 gene. It is a potent enzyme against helminths. The eosinophil major basic protein also cause...
Pathology
null
21f7c190-bf18-49ab-8628-488c3c58e501
The neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from parafollicular 'C' cells of thyroid is:
Papillary carcinoma
Follicular carcinoma
Medullary carcinoma
Anaplastic carcinoma
2c
single
MEDULLARY CARCINOMA OF THE THYROID (MCT) These tumours arise from parafollicular ‘C’ cells which are derived from ultimobranchial bodies and not from thyroid foillicle. These tumours present in two different ways. Sporadic is common, seen in about 80-90% of cases. Familial variety present as a part of multiple endoc...
Surgery
null
294659c9-ce3e-49e7-a40e-14c1d9ddc455
Study time, place, and person of a disease is__________study -
Descriptive
Analytic
Association
Comparison
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Descriptive
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
5e695609-529a-4660-9683-9bf9ac65b18d
The ideal time for operation of quinsy after an attack of acute tonsillitis is
2 weeks
4 weeks
6 weeks
12 weeks
2c
single
Treatment The above conservative measures may cure peritonsillitis. If a frank abscess has formed, incision and drainage will be required. INCISION AND DRAINAGE: A peritonsillar abscess is opened at the point of a maximum bulge above the upper pole of the tonsil or just lateral to the point of junction of the anterior ...
ENT
Pharynx
13f52445-12a8-4f74-899f-28724052f036
Mc Callum's patch is diagnostic of -
Infective endocarditis
Rheumatic endocarditis
Myocardial infarction
Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF)
1b
multi
null
Pathology
null
a9326c36-2e42-4696-95f8-49b8887198a0
Cerebro spinal fluid
Is actively secreted by choroidal plexus
It is a major source of brain nutrition
Has the same pH of arterial blood
Virtually glucose free
0a
multi
(A) Is actively secreted by choroidal plexus > CSF fills the ventricles and subarachnoid space.> In humans, the volume of CSF is about 150 mL and the rate of CSF production is 550 mL/d.> Thus the CSF turns over about 3.7 times a day.> 50-70% of the CSF is formed in the choroid plexuses and the remainder is formed aroun...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
d5b93d84-319b-4245-92a3-f98862f3afae
What is a feature of narcolepsy
Insomnia
Hypersomnia at day time
Bruxism
Somnambulism
1b
single
NarcolepsyThis is a disorder characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness, often disturbed night-time sleep and disturbances in the REM-sleep. The hallmark of this disorder is decreased REM latency, i.e. decreased latent period before the first REM period occurs. Normal REM latency is 90-100 minutes. In narcolepsy, RE...
Psychiatry
Sleep disorders and eating disorders
3afc3400-50df-4051-bfad-ba15c761090b
A young man repos chest pain retrosternal over last few hours. Pain is not related to . and relieved significantly on sitting and forward. Likely possibility is -
Angina pectoris
Acute pericarditis
Reflux esophagitis
Rib fracture
1b
single
Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis (inflammation of the sac surrounding the hea, the pericardium) usually lasting less than 6 weeks. It is the most common condition affecting the pericardium. Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 525
Medicine
Miscellaneous
391f75bf-ac84-4e04-a307-4f4881dfbfa1
Which of the following statements about Mollaret meningitis is true?
Caused by Herpes simplex 2 in most of the cases.
Is a recurrent, benign septic meningitis
Is also referred to as "Benign Recurrent Neutrophilic Meningitis"
Does not resolve without treatment
0a
multi
Answer is A (Caused by Herpes simplex 2 in most of the cases): Mollaret's Meningitis is a form of Self-limiting Benign Recurrent Aseptic Lymphocvtic Meningitis that is most commonly caused by HSV-2 infection of the CNS. Several etiologies have been proposed for Mollaret's Meningitis however recent studies suggest that ...
Medicine
null
d5401ab7-7ade-4de8-891b-ac90b2d003fe
Volume of air taken in and given out during normal respiration is referred to as
IRV
TV
ERV
VC
1b
single
Ans. (b) TV(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.628)Tidal volume is the volume of air inspired or expired with each breath during normal quiet breathing. It is 500- 750 ml
Physiology
Respiratory System
7b77afda-7710-4790-bd70-7fd3bca10aa1
60 year old diabetic female presented with burning sensation to spicy food. Intraoral examination revealed multiple periodontal abscess and keratotic area in a lace pattern with occasional erosive areas inside the lace pattern. Histological feature will be
Elongated rete ridges
Flattened rete ridges
Saw tooth rete ridges
Bulbous rete ridges
2c
single
The histological features include hyperparakeratosis or hyperorthokeratosis,with thickening of granular layer, acanthosis with intracellular edema, saw tooth appearance of rete ridges, band like subepithelial mononuclear infiltrate, degenerating basal keratinocytes that form colloid known as Civatte, hyaline, cytoid bo...
Pathology
null
6df7272f-e366-48e7-af61-007e1e1faed2
Formication and delusion of persecution occurs together in abuse with:
Cocaine
Amphetamine
Cannabis
LSD
0a
single
In cocaine psychosis formication occur along with delusion of persecution and is known as cocaine bug. Formication refers to the sensation of small animals crawling over the body. Cocaine is a natural stimulant derived from the leaves of coca plant. In the brain it increase the level of neurotransmitters like norepinep...
Psychiatry
null
522b352f-ee1d-45cc-92a1-3f3ffc790c11
Macula densa is a pa of
Pct
Dct
Renal aeriole
Glomerulus
1b
single
The thick end of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle reaches the glomerulus of the nephron from which the tubule arose and nestles between its afferent and efferent aerioles. Specialized cells at the end form the macula densa, which is close to the afferent and paicularly the afferent aeriole. The macula, the neigh...
Physiology
Renal physiology
317a69dc-c55f-4797-8d2c-53f62b4041a0
Ectocervix is predominantly lined by which of the following type of epithelium?
Cuboidal epithelium
Mucin secreting columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
3d
single
The poion of the cervix exterior to the external os is called ectocervix. It is lined predominantly by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. The endocervical canal is covered by a single layer of mucin-secreting columnar epithelium. During pregnancy mucus produced by the endocervical epithelium becomes thick a...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
1797eece-4de7-4f2e-89c0-d8efe5fa5d71
Protein requirement of 4 kg new born (daily) ?
3 gm
7 gm
9 gm
None
3d
multi
Ans. is 'None' o Daily protein requirement upto 6 months of age is 1.16 g/kg/day. o 4 kg infant requires 4 x 1.16 =4.64 gm proteins/day.
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
76dd9e1c-54be-472c-a306-f546d4e8069f
A 63-year-old man with a long history of alcohol abuse presents with ascites. He is experiencing mild abdominal discomfort and nausea. Examination reveals tense ascites and generalized tenderness but no rigidity. A diagnostic paracentesis of the fluid is performed. Which of the following ascitic fluid results is most l...
hemorrhage
protein >25 g/L
bilirubin level twice that of serum
serum to ascites albumin gradient > 1.1 g/dL
3d
single
Ascitic fluid in uncomplicated cirrhosis of the liver shows a specific gravity < 1.016. Protein is < 25 g/L, and the gross appearance is straw-colored. In spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, the fluid may be cloudy and the number of white cells (neutrophils) increased. In uncomplicated ascites, the difference between pl...
Medicine
G.I.T.
f35a21f2-6dba-4c4b-a53f-ae9bbe1811d3
Deep venous system of brain consist of
Superior sagittal sinus with straight sinus
Inf. Sagittal sinus with straight sinus
Internal cerebral veins
Basilar vein
2c
single
It is single median vein formed by union of 2 internal cerebral vein. along with inferior petrosal sinus terminate in straight sinus. Its tributaries are basal vein, veins from pineal body, colliculus, cerebellum& occipital lobes. Ref: Gray's 40e/p256
Anatomy
General anatomy
0282b2f1-3135-4eeb-a658-c0aef40a4567
The term &;Id&; was coined by-
Freud
Skinner
Wayker
BlueIer
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Freud o Structural theory of mind (the id, ego and superego) was given by sigmund freud.Structural theory of mindo Freud coined the term "The Ego and The Id", and divided the mental apparatus (Personality) into three dynamic structures : -The Id :- The id is the only component of personality that is p...
Psychiatry
Psychoanalysis
41405e4e-a3fb-409c-b647-3aa38c38800e
A patient presents with low grade fever, his ECG is as shown below. What is the most probable diagnosis?
Acutemyocardial infarction
Old myocardial infarction
Pericarditis
Hypothermia
2c
single
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is very useful in the diagnosis of acute pericarditis. Characteristic manifestations of acute pericarditis on ECG most commonly include diffuse ST-segment elevation. However, other conditions may have ECG features similar to those of acute pericarditis. Pericarditis is inflammation of the pe...
Medicine
C.N.S
ab82b625-84f9-4ff4-aa78-d94cc3e8dad8
Autonomic disturbances are seen in?
Hypehyroidism
Diabetes
Hyperaldosteronism
Hyperparathyroidism
1b
single
Diabetes REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17'h edition chapter 370 I. Autonomic disorders with brain involvement A. Associated with multisystem degeneration 1. Multisystem degeneration: autonomic failure clinically prominent Multiple system atrophy (MSA) Parkinson's disease with autonomic failure Diffuse Lewy body dis...
Surgery
null
0a9b19f6-0812-4032-97f0-0489e982019a
MC site of gastrinoma:-
Duodenum
Pancreas
Stomach
Colon
0a
single
Agastrinomais a gastrin-producing tumor usually located in the pancreas or the duodenal wall. Gastric acid hypersecretion and aggressive, refractory peptic ulceration result (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome).Diagnosisis by measuring serum gastrin levels. Treatment is proton pump inhibitors and surgical removal.
Surgery
Stomach & Duodenum
fcd470fe-949d-4085-9411-8787d46e5608
In a young patient who had extensive soft tissue and muscle injury, which of these muscle relaxants used for endotracheal intubation might lead to cardiac arrest –
Atracurium
Suxamethonium
Vecuronium
Pancuronium
1b
single
Sch can cause dangerous hyperkalemia in patients with extensive soft tissue & muscle injury (crush injury) which may cause cardiac arrest.
Anaesthesia
null
866fa859-7c7f-4e4d-8045-e32997e6a019
Which of the following is not an RNA virus ?
Ebola
Simian 40
Rabies
Vesicular stomatitis virus
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Simian 40
Microbiology
null
2592d6f1-fa55-443f-8838-80419e189f81
Fractional excretion of sodium < 1 is seen in -
Pre renal azotemia
Acute tubular necrosis
Acute ureteral obstruction
Interstitial nephritis
0a
single
The fractional excretion of filtered sodium (FENa) has been demonstrated to be a reliably discriminating test between prerenal azotemia and acute tubular necrosis. One paicular urinary index cannot be expected to reliably discriminate between prerenal azotemia and acute renal failure in all cases Prerenal azotemia Olig...
Medicine
Kidney
aaa94e79-aee8-4eec-bfcc-d812d968e5c1
A neonate delivered at 38 weeks of gestation with a bih weight of 2.2 kg develops intolerance to feed/ abdominal distension on second day. Physical examination is unremarkable. Sepsis screen is negative. PCV is observed to be 72%. Which of the following represents the best management option ?
Hydration with IV Fluids
Paial Exchange Transfusion
Presumptive treatment for sepsis
Medical Management for intestinal obstruction
1b
multi
Ans is 'b' i.e., Paial Exchange Transfusion o PCV 72% in a neonate suggests the diagnosis of neonatal polycythemia. o Polycythemia is defined as central venous hematocrit Ialso called packed cell volume (PCV) or erythrocyte volume fraction (EVF)J level ofgreater than 65%. o The neonate in question is also having intole...
Pediatrics
null
bf2f065a-e95e-4d0f-809b-bed0c2fa6a08
DOC for schizophrenic patient with poor oral absorption is?
Clozapine
Fluphenazine
Sulpride
Penfluridol
1b
single
Ans. B. FluphenazineLong-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics (APs) (LAI APs) have proved effective in schizophrenia and other severe psychotic disorders because they assure stable blood levels, leading to a reduction of the risk of relapse.LAIs bypass the initial deactivating process by avoiding first-pass metabolis...
Psychiatry
null
752ce229-fcce-45c3-8d6a-9604df80e2a8
Hepatotoxic drugs are -
Chloroform
Ether (diethyl)
N2O
All
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chloroform Hepatotoxic anaesthetic agents are 1. Chloroform 3. Carbon tetrachloride 5. Methoxyflurane 2. Halothane 4. Trichloroethylene
Pharmacology
null
522bbf33-4dcd-4b78-974d-a38970ec0311
A retrobulbar anaesthetic is least likely to produce anaesthesia of which cranial nerve?
2
3
4
6
2c
single
Retrobulbar anaesthesia: 4th cranial nerve lies outside the muscle cone in orbit and the least likely to get paralysed by retrobulbar anesthesia. Main goal of this procedure is to obtain anesthesia of the cornea, uvea, and conjunctiva, as well as akinesia of the extraocular muscles by blocking the ciliary nerves and II...
Ophthalmology
Neuro Ophthalmology
39f91e13-f52a-4824-8b4e-ca4e8dfe5bd0
Oral rehydration therapy takes advantage of which transpoer in GIT ?
Na Glucose co transpo
K glucose co transpo
Na calcium co transpo
Na channel
0a
single
Ans. is'a'i.e., Na Glucose co transpolRef; KDT 7/ep.679)Oral rehydration is possible if glucose is added with salt.It capitalizes on the intactness of glucose coupled Na+ absorption (Na glucose co transpo), even when other mechanisms have failed or when intestinal secretion is excessive, because the secreted fluid lack...
Pharmacology
null
e55d9141-be9b-4824-9762-fc2672532520
Sentinal node of gall bladder is
Virchow's nodes
Iris Iris nodes
Clouquet node
Lymphnode of lund
3d
multi
The lymphatic vessels of gallbladder(subserosal & submucosal)drain into the cystic lymph node of Lund(Fred Bates Lund)-Mascagni's node.This lies in the fork created by the junction of cystic duct and common hepatic duct.Efferent vessels from this node go to the hilum of liver and to coeliac lymph nodes. Virchow's node ...
Surgery
G.I.T
427fd349-bb7a-4640-95bf-3d0b0ea43dd1
Test based on counting the direction of each within paired sample is-
.'t' test
Z test
F test
Sign test
3d
single
* The 'Sign test' is non parametric / distribution free test which can be utilized to analyze paired sample * It is based on counting the direction (or Sign) of each 'within-pair difference
Surgery
null
bab5d50c-9a5e-4087-99f0-cad74f7e4d2b
Paralysis of 3rd, 4th, 6th nerves with involvement of ophthalmic division of 5th nerve, localizes the lesion to -
Cavernous sinus
Apex of orbit
Brainstem
Base of skull
0a
single
Paralysis of 3rd, 4th, 6th nerve and involvement of ophthalmic division of 5th nerve → cavernous sinus thrombosis. Paralysis of 3rd, 4'h, 6th nerve, ophthalmic division of 5th nerve plus optic nerve signs→ orbital apex syndrome.
Ophthalmology
null
23d085eb-cbf6-405c-bbd2-e442ecc79968
Thoracic duct is also called as
Hensen's duct
Bernard's duct
Pecquet duct
Hoffman's duct
2c
multi
Thoracic duct- pecquet duct.Hensen&;s duct : A sho membranous tube passing from the lower end of the saccule to the cochlear duct of the membranous labyrinth.Bernard&;s duct- Accessory pancreatic duct.Hoffman&;s duct- pancreatic duct.
Anatomy
Thorax
934d60b6-bda7-4c54-a97d-d54b04c056c9
A middle-aged male comes to the OPD with the only complaint of hoarseness for the past 2 years. He has been a chronic smoker for 30 years. On examination, a reddish area of mucosal irregularity overlying a portion of both cords was seen. Management would include all except:
Cessation of smoking
Bilateral cordectomy
Microlaryngeal surgery for biopsy
Regular follow-up
1b
multi
In the data given above, clinical diagnosis of cancer larynx is made but biopsy is mandatory. Indicators are: chronic smoking habits, hoarse voice persisting for 2 years, irregular vocal cord lesion involving both cords. The lesion is stage I glottic cancer as the pathology is localized to glottis. Treatment of choice ...
ENT
Larynx
2198d293-7019-463f-a4c1-4a0875474903
25 years old 2nd gravida with B negative blood group reaches in labour room in full dilatation. All the following norms to be followed except:
Cord blood to be saved in 2 l - plain & EDTA l
Early clamping of cord
Avoidance of manual removal of placenta
Liberal prophylactic use of ergometrine
3d
multi
Use of ergot derivatives is contraindicated in Rh negative mother to avoid chances of feto-maternal micro transfusions. As the mother is Rh -ve so to decrease the chances of Rh isoimmunization, early cord clamping is done. Cord blood is sampled for baby's blood group and Direct Coombs Test Manual removal of placenta is...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Labour - normal, abnormal, malposition, malpresentation and their management
6d30fb46-d823-4368-9bf6-206a82779774
Fleischer ring is characteristic of
Megalocornea
Diabetes
Chalcosis
Keratoconus
3d
single
D i.e. Keratoconus Corneal Pigmentation Condition Deposited Material Site Of Deposition Argyrosis Sliver nitrate (AgNO3) Brown discolouration of descement's membrane Fleischer ring Iron Epithelial iron deposits at the base of Keratoconus Chalcosis (Kayser Fleischer ring) Cu Grayish-green or golden brown discolouration ...
Ophthalmology
null
bcb7ae71-9e57-49c7-9122-0484e8e5f682
Socialized medicine is
Health care at people's expense
Charitable care at government expense
Free medical care at government expense, regulated by professional groups.
Integration of social medicine with Health care.
2c
single
*State Medicine: Provision of free medical services to the people at government expense*Socialized Medicine: Provision of medical service and professional education by the state, but the programme is operated and regulated by professional groups rather than by the government.*Social Medicine: study of social, economica...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease
75738687-2816-424a-bf4e-08486a407b3f
Lack of alpha-oxidation of fatty acids leads to
Accumulation of phytanic acid
Formation of dicarboxylic acid
Formation of propionic acid
Oxidation of branched chain fatty acid
0a
single
Refsum&;s Disease It is a metabolic error due to lack of alpha-hydroxylase (phytanic acid oxidase) so that alpha-oxidation does not occur and phytanic acid accumulates in the tissues. The patient presents with severe neurological symptoms, polyneuropathy, retinitis pigmentosa, nerve deafness and cerebellar ataxia. Regr...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of lipid
9e214ec5-4d6f-405b-bf94-96c9c2271fd3
All are T cell lymphomas, EXCEPT:
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Aggressive NK cell leukemia
0a
multi
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma is a B cell lymphoma, all others are T cell lymphomas. Ref:Harrisons principles of internal medicine 18th edition, Page: 920.
Medicine
null
801c6486-0063-4f8a-8335-5d77e5b991e4
All the following statements are true regarding torsion of testis EXCEPT
Anatomical abnormality is unilateral and contralateral testis should not be fixed
Prompt exploration and twisting & fixation is the only way to save the torted testis
Most common between 10 & 25 years of age
Inversion of testis is the most common predisposing cause
0a
multi
Ans. (a) Anatomical abnormality is unilateral and contralateral testis should not be fixedRef: Bailey and Love 26th ed. /1379Anatomical abnormality is unilateral and contralateral testis should not be fixedThe other testis should also be fixed because the anatomical predisposition is likely to be bilateral. An infarcte...
Surgery
Male Reproductive Medicine and Sexual Dysfunction
cf708ea8-d49f-4324-bb12-ddd31dc94e77
A 27 year old patient presented with left sided abdominal pain to the emergency room, 6 hours after an A. He was hemodynamically stable and FAST positive. Contrast Enhanced CT (CECT) scan showed grade III splenic laceration. What will be the most appropriate treatment?
Splenectomy
Splenorrhaphy
Splenic Aery Embolization
Conservative Management
3d
multi
There are criterias for conservative mangement in splenic injured patients such as hemodynamical stability, minimal transfusion requirement, no other abdomen injuries and ablity to perform series of abdominal examination. A stable defect on repeat imaging also suppos. As this patient is hemodynamically stable, with no ...
Surgery
null
6483e7af-30f4-4195-85bd-820f16dce057
Achromatopsia is due to lesion in which area of occipital coex?
Area v5
Area v7
Area v8
Area v4
3d
single
Area v4 REF: Yanoff's ophthalmology p- 1300 Patients who have acquired, central cerebral achromatopsia (inability to identify colors) may have complete loss or miss only one primary color. The isolation of single color defects links with research performed in macaque monkeys, which showed that an area of prestriate coe...
Physiology
null
2a929eeb-9e05-4fd9-aa40-ea8b9998bb5c
Bansdola is a form of strangulation by –
Ligature
Hands
Sticks
Bend of elbow
2c
single
In Bansdola one strong bamboo stick is placed across the back of the neck and another across the front. Both the ends are tied with a rope due to which the victim is squeezed to death. Sometimes a stick is placed across the front of neck & the assailant stands with a foot on each end of the stick
Forensic Medicine
null