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2b9e4d2e-9a13-4a28-922b-c4b955d13291 | The most commonly used myocutaneous pedicle graft for pelvis surgeries contains muscle segments from - | Rectus abdominis muscle | External oblique muscle | Internal oblique muscle | Transversus abdominis muscle | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rectus abdominis muscle * Grafts used for reconstructive operations in the pelvis are skin grafts, which are full or partial thickness, or myocutaneous grafts which are composed of full thickness of the skin, its associated subcutaneous tissue and a portion of closely associated muscle.* The most freq... | Surgery | Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery |
22a6c228-1345-4c65-9fbc-b96a058ab8b6 | In the upper jaw, deciduous teeth erupt earlier than those in the lower jaw, except: Odisha 11 | Lateral incisors | Central incisors | Canines | Second molars | 1b | multi | Ans. Central incisors | Forensic Medicine | null |
59442b42-d61c-4b8c-bf1d-4e08827277d6 | Oral manifestation of scarlet fever: | Strawberry tongue. | Raspberry tongue. | Stomatitis scarlatina. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | The chief oral manifestations of scarlet fever have been referred to as stomatitis scarlatina.
Small punctate red macules may appear on the hard and soft palate and uvula. These are called Forchheimer spots; however, these are not diagnostic since they may be present in other infectious conditions like rubella, roseol... | Pathology | null |
d6a40096-b828-4ece-88cc-02003b61c0d6 | A 22-year-old man with inflammatory bowel disease is noted to have a "string sign" in the ileal area on barium enema. In which of the following conditions is this sign most often seen? (See Fig. below.) | in the stenotic or non-stenotic phase of the disease | in the stenotic phase only | as a rigid, non-distensible phenomenon | with gastric involvement | 0a | single | The string sign represents long areas of circumferential inflammation and fibrosis. It is seen in the stenotic and non-stenotic phase of Crohn's disease. In addition to the string sign, abnormal puddling of barium and fistulous tracts are other helpful x-ray signs of ileitis. Other radiologic findings in Crohn's diseas... | Medicine | G.I.T. |
f07ecd3f-33ac-440c-9ccf-90842b2c5ba4 | A 30-year-old woman complains of headache, visual disturbances, deepening of the voice, and generalized weakness. She reports amenorrhea for the past year and states that she recently required a larger shoe size. Laboratory studies show impaired glucose tolerance. What other procedure would be useful for establishing y... | CBC with differential count | CT scan of the abdomen | MRI of the sella turcica | Test for serum 21-hydroxylase | 2c | single | This patient has clinical features of a pituitary adenoma with acromegaly. Pituitary adenomas range from small lesions that do not enlarge the gland to expansive tumors that erode the sella turcica and impinge on adjacent cranial structures. Adenomas smaller than 10 mm in diameter are referred to as microadenomas, and ... | Pathology | Endocrine |
ec28cd2b-ed69-46d7-b2c5-904573c9e631 | Severe mental retardation means IQ in the range of | 50-70 | 35-50 | 20-35 | <20 | 2c | single | ICD-10 Codes for Mental Retardation F70 Mild mental retardation IQ 50-69 F71 Moderate mental retardation IQ 35-49 F72 Severe mental retardation IQ 20-34 F73 Profound mental retardation IQ <20 Reference: Page No .3450 chap. 37 Intellectual Disability (Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 9th Edition) | Psychiatry | All India exam |
f0c908b0-70e0-419d-9585-3831e8d3e899 | A 55 year old man who has been on bed rest for the past 10 days, complains of sudden onset breathlessness and chest pain. His chest X-ray is normal. Which of the following is the next investigation of choice for making the diagnosis? | Echocardiography | Pulmonary aeriography | Lung ventilation-perfusion scan | Pulmonary venous angiography | 2c | single | This patient who was bedridden for 10 days is at high risk of developing deep venous thrombosis. Since he has developed chest pain and breathlessness and his chest x ray is appearing normal he has most likely developed pulmonary embolism. The next best investigation for this patient would be ventilation perfusion scan.... | Medicine | null |
420dad6e-7cfd-4ee3-ad47-58ec6f4e6d9e | In Revised National Tuberculosis Control programme the silent features are to achieve ? | Cure rate 85% & diagnosis 85% | Cure rate 85% & diagnosis rate 70% | Cure rate 80% & diagnosis 85% | Cure rate 80% & diagnosis rate 80% | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cure rate 85% & diagnosis rate 70% Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme The Government of India, WHO and World Bank together reviewed the NTP in the year 1992. Based on the findings a revised strategy for NTP was evolved. The salient features of this strategy are : - Achievement of at least... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
51a6a224-9c2d-47a1-9f0b-e0611395ff11 | Lactose intolerance in a suspected patient is diagnosed by giving an oral load of lactose and measuring concentration of: | CO2 | H2 | One/two carbon compounds | N2 | 1b | single | b. H2 (Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2870, Ghai 8/e p 297)Breath hydrogen tests can be used to determine a specific carbohydrate malabsorption.It can be used to diagnose bacterial overgrowth or lactose/fructose malabsorption. | Pediatrics | Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
c8aa53cc-07c8-41df-ba86-23c195b3e042 | Least desirable material for storing the tooth is: | Saliva | Water | Milk | HBSS | 1b | single | Least desirable medium for storing tooth is WATER (hypotonic). | Dental | null |
6c12f394-497a-4cf7-9b92-7d930d9f44e8 | In metabolic encephalopathy, feature is- | Tonic clonic seizures | Chorea | Asterixis | Paraplegia | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
f7496a94-5d3a-4b2f-be60-f52e66b9bf21 | Which of the following impression materials is easy to pour and difficult to remove the stone cast from the impressions? | Addition polysilicone | Condensation polysilicone | Polyether | Polysulfide | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
27903856-fab6-41c9-9628-8c63cbdd709b | Which of the following is not required during determination of path of placement and removal: | Retentive areas | Esthetics | Interference | Remaining teeth | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
b5951cd5-a670-43eb-a2e3-72e29e62df1f | The most efficient bactericidal system of neutrophils is | H2O2-MPO-Halide | NADPH oxidase | Lysozyme | Reactive nitrogen species | 0a | single | H2O2-MPO-halide system is the most efficient bactericidal system of neutrophils H2O2 is not able to efficiently kill microbes by itself. the azurophilic granules of neutrophils contain the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO), in the presence of a halide such as Cl-, conves H2O2 to hypochlorite(OCl2-) which is a potent antimic... | Pathology | General pathology |
3e6a56ee-e56a-4b1e-86c2-381f39ce80e7 | Shyam, a 50 years old male presents with a hard scrotal swelling. All of the following can be done EXCEPT ? | Testicular biopsy | Chest x-ray | Inguinal exploration | CT abdomen | 0a | multi | Ans is 'a' ie. testicular biopsy As already explained a testicular biopsy (more specifically a trans-scrotal testicular biopsy) is not done, rather is contraindicated. A suspected scrotal mass is investigated by ultrasonography & on finding a testicular mass, a radical inguinal orchiectomy is done. A trans-scrotal test... | Surgery | null |
efef1420-3c93-41bc-b763-cc323af9364d | All are features, seen in cardiac tamponade ,EXCEPT- | Raised jvp | Muffled hea sounds | Rapid x descent | Pulses pardoxus | 2c | multi | Rapid Y descent seen in cardiac tamponade Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade, is when fluid in the pericardium (the sac around the hea) builds up, resulting in c of the hea. Onset may be rapid or gradual.Symptoms typically include those of cardiogenic shock including shoness of breath, weakness, lig... | Medicine | C.V.S |
806387a8-eb86-4445-957e-800c6dc5b7bd | All of the following are composite muscles, except? | Flexor carpi Ulnaris | Flexor digitorum Profundus | Pectineus | Biceps Femoris | 0a | multi | Flexor carpi ulnaris receives a single innervation and is not classified as a Composite or Hybrid muscle. | Anatomy | null |
39eea8ce-c86a-4277-96ef-a44c7023a526 | The Haversian system is found in - | Diaphysis of long bones | Cancellous bone | Epiphysis | Spongy bones of children | 0a | single | Shaft (diaphysis) of a long bone is made up of cortical (compact) bone which consists of Haversian system. | Anatomy | null |
5aa3078f-d204-4122-ad06-4e499b0cae2a | Osteoporosis is seen in | Tumer's syndrome | Klinefelter's syndrome | Cushing's syndrome due to steroids | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Orthopaedics | null |
c4f81319-56aa-4837-be5c-fa9b41c8ebcd | Which of the following pulmonary condition is associated with widespread formation of hyaline membranes in the alveolar cavities? | Asthma | Bacterial pneumonia | Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis | Diffuse alveolar damage | 3d | single | Diffuse alveolar damage, clinically referred to as adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is characterized by diffuse damage to the alveolar/capillary barrier, which may result from diverse acute conditions. The four most frequent causes are trauma, sepsis, shock, and gastric aspiration. The pathogenesis is not en... | Pathology | null |
a328d783-a610-4d51-97d3-1d93961b5309 | Cushing's triad includes all except: | Hypertension | Bradycardia | Tachycardia | Irregular respiration | 2c | multi | Cushing's Triad:
Hypertension, bradycardia and irregular respiration form the Cushing triad.
It’s a protective reflex to overcome the CNS ischemic response due to an increase in CSF pressure. This reflex leads to increase in arterial pressure above the CSF and blood flows once again into blood vessels of the brain to r... | Physiology | null |
f83faf75-2936-4836-87fd-eeea69852be0 | Effect of Propofol on coagulation is? | Inhibits coagulation cascade | Inhibits platelet function | Activates coagulation cascade | No effect | 3d | single | Propofol does not alter tests of coagulation or platelet function. However, propofol inhibits platelet aggregation that is induced by proinflammatory lipid mediators including thromboxane A2 and platelet-activating factor. | Anaesthesia | Intravenous Anesthetic Agents |
da20ad29-306e-45be-92e3-55eb5a9dafb2 | Scab or crust of abrasion appears brown- | Between 12 -24 hour | Between 2 - 3 days | Between 4 - 5 days | Between 5 - 7 days | 1b | single | At 2 - 3 days the scab is reddish-brown. | Forensic Medicine | null |
f2510a9f-195d-4c6e-ab20-c44e9884f65a | Total feility rate | Total no. Of children born to a woman in a given year | Measure of completed family size | Sum of feility of all age | No. of female children born to mother | 1b | multi | Total feility rate represents the average number of children a woman would have if she were to pass through her reproductive years bearing children at the same rates as the women now in each age group It gives the appropriate magnitude of completed family size Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medic... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning |
ce7b5009-6d4d-4def-90cd-2d0ad0efcadf | All the drugs are used in the treatment of Giardiasis except: | Nitazoxanide | Metronidazole | Tinidazole | Diloxanide furoate | 3d | multi | Treatment options for Giardiasis:metronidazole (250 mg tds for 5 days)tinidazole (2 g once by mouth)nitazoxanide (500 mg bd for 3 days)paromomycin, an oral aminoglycosideDiloxanide furoate is a lumenal amebicide(ref:Harrison's 18/e p1731, 17/e p1313) | Medicine | All India exam |
f58a57b0-0c26-441a-b75d-b6ea63d99af5 | Dose of Dapsone is - | 1-2 mg/kg | 5 mg/ kg | 10 mg/kg | 20 mg/kg | 0a | single | A. i.e. 1-2 mg/kg | Skin | null |
5ec11a00-d3f9-499c-a465-4502e67e6be1 | Axillary nerve injury likely to be seen in: | Shoulder dislocation | Coracoid process fracture | Humerus shaft fracture | Brachial plexus injury | 0a | single | Axillary nerve is damaged due to the following causes: Shoulder dislocation(anterior/inferior) Fracture of upper end of Humerus Injection into deltoid muscle | Orthopaedics | Nerve Injuries - 1 |
08be53e2-af3c-443b-ac3b-85091ac717b8 | The following is false of placenta pre : | Associated with toxemia | Painless recurrent bleeding | Maternal blood loss | Severe bleeding may occur | 0a | multi | Associated with toxemia | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
41460049-63dc-4590-a591-3ca160d6fa3d | A 60 year man had undergone cardiac bypass surgery 1 month back. Now he staed forgetting things and was not able to recall names and phone numbers of his relatives. What is the probable diagnosis? | Depression | Alzheimer's disease | Cognitive dysfunction | Post traumatic psychosis | 2c | multi | This patient is showing features of cognitive dysfunction following cardiac surgery. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction can occur in 20-30% of patients 1 month after surgery. Patients develop changes in personality, attention and memory.The etiology is multi factorial and includes cerebral microembolization, global ce... | Psychiatry | null |
de01acd1-254a-48a2-9274-05de92e27906 | Which transfusion will result in a transfusion reaction? Assume that the patient has never had a transfusion | Type O Rh-negative packed cells to an AB Rh-positive patient | Type A Rh-positive packed cells to an A Rh-negative patient | Type AB Rh-positive packed cells to an AB Rh-positive patient | Type A Rh-positive packed cells to an O Rh-positive Patient | 3d | single | Type O RBCs are considered to be universal donor blood. Reactions occur between the recipient's antibody and donor antigen as shown in the following table. Donor Donor antigen Recipient Recipient Antibody Reaction O - negative None AB - positive None None A - positive A, Rh A - negative B None AB-positive A,B, Rh AB-po... | Physiology | Blood Physiology |
4359c1b9-7f7c-4598-b098-293ca7a383ca | The best choice of antianxiety agent for a 40-year-old woman with generalized anxiety disorder and a history of benzodiazepine abuse is | zolpidem | flurazepam | clonazepam | buspirone | 3d | single | The best choice of antianxiety agent for a 40-year-old patient with a generalized anxiety disorder and a history of BZ abuse is buspirone, a non-benzodiazepine with very low abuse potential. Benzodiazepines such as flurazepam, clonazepam, and chlordiazepoxide have higher abuse potential than buspirone Bupropion is an a... | Psychiatry | Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders |
d78e8d04-7280-44a5-913a-98f8d7cbecc4 | Diabetic ketoacidosis mimics acute pancreatitis in all findings except: | Elevated amylase | Elevated lipase | Abdominal pain | Hyperglycemia | 1b | multi | Diabetic ketoacidosis is often accompanied by abdominal pain and elevated total serum amylase levels, thus closely mimicking acute pancreatitis. However, the serum lipase level is not elevated in diabetic ketoacidosis. Hyperglycemia is common and is due to multiple factors, including decreased insulin release, increase... | Medicine | Budd chiari syndrome & Pancreatitis |
b61ed12d-1606-45a6-9887-db8d1ba42c7f | Which of the following drugs do not produce active metabolites ? | Enalapril | Lisinopril | Prednisone | Sulfasalazine | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
4e29e45d-fb39-43f5-b305-e5bab93fce7e | Choline in seminal fluid is detected by ? | Barberio test | Florence test | ELISA | Agglutination inhibition | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Florence test Microchemical tests for semen analysisFlorence test - Brown crystals of choline periodideBarberio's test - Yellow coloured crystals of spermin picrate. | Forensic Medicine | null |
0f950c1d-41e7-411c-bf48-05a85ced0f43 | Gas commonly used in laparoscopy is : | Air | Pure 02 | N20 | CO2 | 3d | single | CO2 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
542212f1-e924-442f-90c8-7128aea2e1f1 | Lines of Zahn are found in: | Thrombus | Infarct tissue | Postmortem clot | All | 0a | multi | null | Pathology | null |
b8d8b83e-56a5-4e73-92f0-1baf076bb7cd | In a suspected case of legionnaires disease, medium used for culture is: | Buffered charcoal yeast extract agar | Thayer Main | Chocolate agar | Bordet Gengou | 0a | single | Definitive method for diagnosis of Legionella infection is isolation of the organism. Buffered charcoal yeast extract agar (BCVE) supplemented with antibiotics and dye is the most sensitive medium for Legionella. | Surgery | null |
108f0eb3-ebfa-4b6f-8e4f-5a74b1b4587a | For normal mammography, X-ray tube with a nominal focal size of-mm is used? | 0.2-0.25 | 0.3-0.35 | 0.4-0.45 | 0.45-0.50 | 1b | single | Ans BIn general smaller the focal spot sharper the image Routinely focal spot size 0.3x0.3mm while magnification technique small focus of 0.1x0.1mm is used. | Radiology | Miscellaneous |
57307404-2de5-4f40-aa92-09bedb8840e4 | Which enzyme deficiency is most commonly responsible for presence of long clitoris and fused vagina? | 21 hydroxylase | 11 hydroxylase | 3 beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 21 hydroxylase o Features of long clitoris and fused vagina are suggestive of adrenogenital syndrome/ congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). 21 hydroxylase deficiency is responsible for 95% cases of CAH.Congenital adrenal hyperplasiao It is an autosomal recessive disorder. It is due to inborn error of ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Malformation of the Female Generative Organs |
74454dcb-8094-47f0-9d60-3b75b2317543 | Tyrosine is involved in the synthesis of? | Melanin | Thyroxine | Epinephrine and norepinephrine | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Biochemistry | null |
a763d984-6b98-440a-aa13-79ff5482d383 | The law of insanity and criminal responsibility is embodied in section | 83 IPC | 84 IPC | 85 IPC | 86 IPC | 1b | single | B. i.e. (84 - IPC) (6.27 - Parikh 6th)* The law of insanity and criminal responsibility is embodied in section 84 IPC while section 85 and 86 deal with drunkenness and criminal responsibilityIMPORTANT - SECTIONS***Perjury (Giving false evidence)-191-IPC*Fabricating false evidence-192 IPC*Punishment for false evidence-1... | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
ad598970-c565-423c-9e0c-a54a9b820d6e | A5 year old boy is detected to be HBs Ag positive on two separate occasions during a screening program for hepatitis B. He is otherwise asymptomatic. Child was given three doses of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine at the age of 1 year. His mother was treated for chronic hepatitis B infection around the same time. The ne... | Obtain 1-IBeAg and anti-HBe levels | Obtain anti HBs levels | Repeat HBsAg | Repeat another course of Hepatitis B vaccine | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Obtain anti HBs levels The child in question has received complete vaccination for Hepatitis B, is currently asymptomatic but has tested positive for HBsAg. The aim in avestigating the child fuher is to establish his immune status which can be best revealed by obtaining anti HBsAg levels. o If the tes... | Pediatrics | null |
20e486ab-8003-4c33-8fee-95d893d2d3d3 | In a child presenting with obstructive Jaundice, all are seen except – | Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase | Alkaline phosphatase | Glutamate dehydrogenase | 5' Nucleotidase | 2c | multi | Neonatal cholestasis
Neonatal cholestasis is defined as prolonged elevation of serum levels of conjugated bilirubin beyond the first 14 days of life.
Neonatal cholestasis can be divided into extrahepatic and intrahepatic disease and clinical features of any form of cholestasis are more or less similar.
Neonatal hepat... | Pediatrics | null |
905cd5a5-bdba-44d3-bac9-13639abc2771 | Lining epithelium of fallopian tube is | Simple columnar | Psudo-stratified columnar | Ciliated columnar | Simple cuboidal | 2c | multi | INDERBIR SINGH&;S TEXTBOOK OF HUMAN HISTOLOGY-PAGE NO:354 The uterine tube is characterized by presence of numerous branching mucosal folds that almost fill the lumen of the tube The mucosa is lined by ciliated columnar epithelium The uterine tube has a muscular wall with an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer | Anatomy | General anatomy |
da226c09-2ce8-45c8-a26f-8f47373b2d5d | "La belle indifference" is seen in | Somatization disorder | Conversion disorder | Post traumatic stress disorder | Premature ejaculation | 1b | single | "La belle indifference" is seen in conversion disorder, where the patient has feeling of indiference towards his symptoms.
Example: If a person suddenly experiences loss of vision he is expected to get extremely concerned about it. But patient of conversion disorder seems to be unconcerened towards his symptoms. | Psychiatry | null |
d54c422e-437a-4f5f-87f2-cfbd024df211 | 2 weeks old baby having scrotal pigmentation along with hyponatremia, gypoglycemia and hyperkalemia enzyme deficient- | 11 beta hydroxylase | 21 a- hydroxylase | 3- Beta hydroxylase dehydrogenase | 17- hydroxylase deficiency | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 21 a- hydroxylase Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)o Autosomal recessive disorder,o MC. is a-hvdroxylase deficiency.In 21a-hyroxylese deficiencyo There is deficiency of mineralocorticoids & glucocorticoid,o This leads to hypoglycemia, hyponatremia. | Pediatrics | Adrenal Gland |
7325ea05-955a-4e65-a6af-fe3e6e4d2e8f | Which is not a high pitched hea sound | Mid systolic click | Pericardial shudder | Opening snap | Tumor plop sound | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Tumor plop sound Low pitch hea sounds are : S3 S4 Tumor plop sound Mid systolic clicks are Heard in mitral valve prolapse during systole and are high pitch sounds. The pericardial knock (PK) is Also high-pitched and occurs slightly later than the opening snap, corresponding in timing to the abrupt ces... | Medicine | null |
f1085c77-5f85-4cf5-98fc-b191270222f6 | 'Drooping water Lilly' sign is seen in: | Splenic tumor | Liver tumor | Suprarenal mass | Upper pole renal mass | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) Upper pole renal massREF: Sutton's textbook of radiology 7th edition, volume 2, page 933-934The classical drooping lily sign on IVU of duplication anomalies of ureters:* Duplication abnormalities (duplex kidneys) are characterized by two or rarely more ureters and renal pelvis. The lower pole moiety has bee... | Radiology | Urogenital System |
7d23235a-b635-4ce1-93d6-9d37440b4ab9 | In the posterior wall of the stomach a perforation is seen at radiography in 36 year old female , in which the gastric contents spilled into the lesser sac. Surgeon open lienorenal ligament to reach the lesser sac and notes erosion of the ulcer into an aery. Which of the following vessels is most likely affeccted ? | Left gastroepiploic aery | Gastroduodenal aery | Left gastric aery | Right gastric aery | 0a | multi | The left gastroepiploic aery runs through the lienogastric ligament; hence it is the aery most likely injured. The splenic aery is found in the lienorenal ligament. The right and left gastric aeries run within the lesser omentum. The gastroduodenal aery descends between the duodenum and the head of the pancreas. | Anatomy | Stomach and aerial supply of abdomen |
be881c80-1a7f-4655-b317-e00be06eeed6 | In hematuria of glomerular origin the urine is , characterized by the presence of all of the following except- | Red cell casts | Acanthocytes | Crenated red cells | Dysmorphic red cells | 1b | multi | Acanthocytes arise from either alterations in membrane lipids or structural proteins. This causes abnormalities of membrane of RBC causing remodeling in spleen and formation of acanthocytes. In abetalipoproteinemia, there is deficiency of lipids and vitamin E causing abnormal morphology of RBCs Ref Harrison20th edition... | Medicine | Kidney |
d07a5cb7-1730-40fc-b697-68835f96fb4b | A patient presents with breast ca. Inspection shows peaud' orange appearance. What is the T stage of the tumor | T2 | T3 | T4a | T4b | 3d | single | According to TNM staging , primary tumour (T) Tx- cannot be assesed T0- Nevidence of primary tumour. T1-<20mm T2-20 to 50mm T3->50mm T4a- tumour of any size extending to chest wall T4b- ulceaion or ipsilateral satellite nodule / edema with peaud'orange appearence T4c- T4a and T4b T4d- inflammatory carcinoma. SRB's Manu... | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
94aa2926-ca50-44b4-827f-195a326f6ed8 | During cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adult, chest compressions are given at the rate of: September 2011 | 72 compressions/ min | 90 compressions/ min | 100 compressions/min | 120 compressions/min | 2c | single | Ans. C: 100 compressions/min Compression rate for infant, child and adult is 100 compressions/min | Anaesthesia | null |
8a5fecee-e927-4cbe-ab77-2775013fb771 | True about parotid tumor:a) Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common varietyb) Malignant disease is most common varietyc) Facial nerve involvement indicates malignancyd) Superficial paroditectomy is the t/t of choice | abc | acd | bc | bde | 1b | multi | In parotid tumors, rapid growth, pain, paraesthesia, enlarged cervical LN and restriction of jaw movements, facial weakness or skin invasion and fixation of mastoid tip is suggestive of malignant transformation. | Surgery | null |
71f02e9f-a7af-482f-823e-39b4277752fe | Drugs associated with clinically useful or physiologically important positive inotropic effects include all of the following except: | Amrinone | Enalapril | Digoxin | Dobutamine | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
e8252414-d1ff-45f2-b819-9dd7f13004ca | Zollinger Ellison syndrome true about A/E | Surgery is to be done | Exorcrine tumour | Endocrine disorder | Secretory diarrhoea seen | 1b | multi | Zollinger-Ellison syndrome This syndrome is mentioned here because the gastrin producing endocrine tumour is often found in the duodenal loop, although it also occurs in the pancreas, especially the head. It is a cause of persistent peptic ulceration. Before the development of potent gastric antisecretory agents, the c... | Surgery | G.I.T |
d05c8126-5ae3-4bb9-9730-f7c16f178948 | According to the transplantation of Human organs act 1994, what is the punishment for a doctor found guilty - | Less than 1 year | Less than 2 year | 2 to 5 year | More than 5 years | 2c | single | Transplantation of Human Organs Act , 1994 deals with putting a stop to live unrelated transplants, it defines a donor and recipient are genetically related in a live organ transplantation and it accepts brain stem death criterion. A doctor who is found guilty he will be punished for 2 - 5 years. Dr. K. S. Narayan Redd... | Forensic Medicine | Medical Jurisprudence |
791bdb6e-bcac-45c2-8fc9-d6014390992a | A lady with 12 wks of pregnancy having fasting blood glucose 170mg, the antidiabetic drug of choice is - | Insulin | Metformin | Glipizide | Glibenclamide | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' insulin insulin (Ref Dutta 6/e, p 288 (5/e, p. 304); Holland and Brews, 16/e, p. 107).Insulin is the only antidiabetic drug given in pregnancy to control increased blood sugar.Oral hypoglycemics are contraindicated in pregnancy because they cross placenta and have teratogenic effect on fetus.They cause feta... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological Diagnosis |
73e4b868-9eae-497f-a48e-94651546a0c8 | Plantar reflex root value is | Afferent S1, Efferent L3, S1 | Afferent S1, Efferent L5, S1 | Afferent S2, Efferent L3, S1 | Afferent S2, Efferent L5, S1 | 1b | single | (B) Afferent S1, Efferent L5, S1 # PATHWAYS FOR PLANTAR REFLEX:> Afferent: Nociception detected in the S1 dermatome and travels up the tibial nerve to the sciatic nerve to roots of L5, S1 and synapse in the anterior horn to elicit the motor response.> Efferent: Motor response back through the L5, S1 roots to the sciati... | Medicine | C.N.S. |
db6e31a2-6a05-4c2d-b05a-6c5f978d377f | Cell involved in immunity against parasitic infection: | Neutrophil | Eosinophil | Basophil | Lymphocyte | 1b | single | Ans: b (Eosinophil )Ref: Robbins, 7th ed, p. 205Eosinophils are involved ina) Type 1 HS reaction by IgEb) Parasitic infections> Major chemokines for eosinophilic recruitment - eotaxin, IL5> Major basic protein - A cationic protein in eosinophils that is toxic to parasites. | Pathology | Immunity |
605dedb0-5c12-4867-b940-9dc9fd0ed46f | MC joint involved in Gout - | Knee | Hip | MP joint of the big toe | MP joint of thumb | 2c | single | Most common joint involved in gout is big toe, i.e. metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe. | Orthopaedics | null |
e259c9aa-96ad-44f2-aed1-c57d6e29a1bd | Most common post-operative complication of spinal anaesthesia - | Post-spinal headache | Hypotension | Meningitis | Urinary retention | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Post-spinal headache Complications of spinal anaesthesiaIntraoperativePostoperativeo Hypotension (most common)o Bradycardiao Respiratory depressiono Cardiac arresto Hypothermia in elderlyo Haedache (post dural puncture headach) - most commono Cranial nerve palsies (any cranial nerve except the 1st, 9t... | Pharmacology | Anaesthesia |
7f141f04-693f-42fe-9a29-1f73fa3415bc | All of the following statements about apoproteins are true, EXCEPT: | Apoprotein A-I activates LCAT | Apoprotein C-I activates lipoprotein lipase | Apoprotein C-II inhibits lipoprotein lipase | Apoprotein C- II activates lipoprotein lipase | 2c | multi | Apoprotein C-II acts as an activator of lipoprotein lipase. It is required as a co-factor for lipoprotein lipase activity. Ref: Harper's Textbook of Biochemistry, 27th Edition, Page 217-18 | Biochemistry | null |
d79c8dbb-dee0-40c3-8ee5-1711346d8d58 | Ketamine causes: | Hallucination | Hypotension | Myocardial depression | Decrease in intracranial pressure | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) HallucinationRef. Katzung 9th edJ 1604; KDT 6th ed./376* Ketamine is the only intravenous anesthetic that possesses analgesic properties and produces cardiovascular stimulation.* It is pharmacologically related to the hallucinogen Phencyclidine; induces a so called "dissociative anesthesia characterized by pro... | Pharmacology | Anaesthesia |
4d8126c5-6883-46d1-a37c-937433ea269a | which of the following Is used in the treatment of hyperprolactineinia? | Cimetidine | Methysergide | Bromocriptine | Ondansetron | 2c | single | Dopamine actions are always opposite to prolactin Bromocriptine is a dopamine receptor agonist (mainly D2 receptors). Dopamine is the main factors controlling prolactin secretion. Being a agonist it effectively reduces the secretion of prolactin. apa from bromocriptine, cabergoline, pergolide are also used in hyperprol... | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
658c549a-26f5-46ac-839e-95c929686158 | Horizontal line can be drawn by a child at the earliest by the age of: | 1 yr | 2 yrs | 3 yrs | 4 yrs | 1b | single | Ans. b (2 years)Screening Scheme For Developmental Delay (Upper Range)Age (mths)Gross motorFine motorSocial skillsLanguage3Supports weight on forearmOpens hands spontaneouslySmiles appropriatelyCoos, laughs6Sits momentarilyTransferShows likes & dislikesBabbles9Pulls to standPincer graspPlays Pat-a-cake, Peek a-booImita... | Pediatrics | Growth, Development, and Behavior |
c2a93662-edcc-4272-9a82-93e67d31699c | Down syndrome is due to non-disjunction of - | 21 | 18 | 11 | 15 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 21 Chromosome In 95% of cases of Down syndrome-trisomy of 21:-o Extra chromosome is of maternal in origin.o 1% have mosaic with some all have 46 chromosome,o 4% have robertsonian translocation,o t (13 : 21)o t (14 : 21)o t (15 : 21)o Very rarely long arm of chromosome 21 is triplicate (Partial trisomy... | Pediatrics | Genetics of Common Disorders |
9178cb40-e624-4efc-8009-aa6cc76b98f9 | Filamentary keratitis may occur: | In trachoma | In kerato conjunctivitis sicca | Following cataract surgery | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. All of the above | Ophthalmology | null |
223e7024-86fd-4f8d-b5b6-ce91d455915a | The sensitive stain used to stain copper in Wilson's disease is: | Timms sulfide | Rhodamine | Rubeanic acid | Trichrome stain | 0a | single | The copper is stained with rhodamine and rubeanic acid stains. More sensitive stain used is TIMMS SULFIDE. It is more effective in detecting cytoplasmic copper binding proteins. Trichrome stainning is used to show fibrous tissue. ALSO KNOW: The rhodanine stain is used to demonstrate excess copper in hepatocytes in Wils... | Pathology | null |
613325e4-15bd-49c9-904d-0971f821a646 | A boy presents with injury to medial epicondyle of the humerus. Which of the following would NOT be seen:- | Loss of the ulnar detion | Complete paralysis of the IIIrd and IVth digits | Atrophy of the hypothenar eminence | Decreased sensation of the hypothenar eminence | 1b | single | Injury to medial epicondyle damages ulnar nerve - Paralysis of flexor carpi ulnaris (loss of ulnar detion) Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus (loss of DIP flexion) Hypothenar muscle paralysis (and atrophy) and Sensory loss on the hypothenar eminence. Flexor digitorum superficialis (supplied by median nerve for f... | Anatomy | Muscles of arm and forearm region & Cubital fossa |
6cb77c15-a768-4428-9fe7-82c59bdee59d | All of the following are therapeutic uses of Penicillin G, except: | Bacterial meningitis | Rickettsial infection | Syphilis | Anthrax | 1b | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
8cf9ffc5-650e-4879-bde1-357ad6c2c816 | Which of the following drug is not used for the overactive bladder | Duloxetine | Darifenacin | Oxybutynin | Flavoxate | 0a | single | Refer Goodman and Gilman 12e 231,232 Anticholinergic drugs are indicated for overactive bladder and darifenacin, solefenacin,oxybutynin,tolterodine and fesoteradine are commonly used for this condition . | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
ca13a5bd-d4d9-4b15-b65f-61c0fd813f27 | Calrexin and calreticulin are - | Glycoproteins | Chaperons | Tumor markers | Enzymes | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Chaperons Calrexin and calreticulino Calreticulin & calrexin are major Ca2+ binding (storage) chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulumo These Ca2+ binding chaperones, which are involved in protein folding, posttranslational modification, Ca2+ storage and release, and lipid synthesis and metabolism.o Th... | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
6799df50-0aae-461a-b0c2-87a81b503d83 | Spot diagnosis for foot deformity? | CTEV | Congenital vertical talus | Rocker bottom foot | Pes Cavus | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Rocker bottom footThe image shows convexity at the sole of the foot sole. In CTEV the bilateral feet and toes point inwards facing each other. | Orthopaedics | Lower Limb and Foot & Ankle Problems |
3df5cc54-5151-4653-b5c2-103d55bb99ce | Which of the following is true during the 12-hour period preceding ovulation? | A surge of LH is secreted from the pituitary | The surge occurs immediately after the formation of the corpus luteum | The surge is followed immediately by a fall in the plasma concentration of progesterone | The number of developing follicles is increasing | 0a | multi | Ovulation will not take place unless a surge of LH precedes it. Immediately prior to ovulation, the number of follicles is decreasing due to normal attrition of all but one follicle, and consequently estrogen synthesis by the ovary is decreasing. Progesterone synthesis is stimulated by the LH surge. | Physiology | Female Reproductive System |
b6837227-f70a-493e-ae06-35a15291805c | A young nulliparous woman has 3rd degree uterovaginal prolapse without any cystocele or rectocele. There is no stress incontinence. Uterocervical length is 3 inches. All other symptoms are normal. The best treatment plan for her will be: | Observation and reassurance till child bearing is over | Shirodkar's vag'nal repair | Shirodkar's abdominal sling | Fothergill's operation | 2c | multi | Prolapse in a young nulliparous female is seen in case of congenital prolapse.
Risk factors for congenital prolapse:
Spina bifida
Connective tissue disorders like Marfans syndrome, Ehler Danlos syndrome
Cystocele is not seen in congenital prolapse and in congenital prolapse there is infravaginal elongation of cervi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f915e498-1930-4199-848d-0e4b472823ff | Mastoid is which type of epiphysis- | Traction epiphysis | Atavistic epiphysis | Aberrant epiphysis | Pressure epiphysis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Traction epiphysis Types of epiphysisExamplesPressureHead of femur, head of humerus, condyles of tibia, lower end of radiusTractionGreater and lesser trochanters of femur, tubercles of humerus, mastoid processAtavisticCoracoid process of scapula, posterior tubercle of talus (as trigonum)AberrantHead o... | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
f022c78e-9096-49e9-9bb5-e80524b24924 | All are true about hyperopic obstructive cardiomyopathy except - | Assymmetric septal hyperophy | Dilatation of atria | Dilatation of ventricles | Outflow obstruction | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dilatation of ventricles | Pathology | null |
e2b34ffa-23a0-4dce-bc3a-e5c7c305004f | About 12 days after a mild upper respiratory infection, a 12-year-old boy complains of weakness in his lower extremities. Over several days, the weakness progresses to include his trunk. On physical examination, he has the weakness described and no lower extremity deep tendon reflexes, muscle atrophy, or pain. Spinal f... | Bell palsy | Muscular dystrophy | Guillain-Barre syndrome | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease | 2c | single | The paralysis of Guillain-Barre often occurs about 10 days after a nonspecific viral illness. Weakness is gradual over days or weeks, beginning in the lower extremities and progressing toward the trunk. Later, the upper limbs and the bulbar muscles can become involved. Involvement of the respiratory muscles is life-thr... | Pediatrics | Musculo Skeletal Disorders |
652922f1-aace-4e4f-8134-e615ee163c1f | Fluconazole is more effective than itraconazole in the following systemic fungal disease: | Pulmonary histoplasmosis | Cryptococcal meningitis | Non-meningeal blastomycosis | Disseminated sprorotrichosis | 1b | single | (Ref: KDT 6/e p763, 764) Fluconazole has maximum CNS penetration whereas itraconazole has limited entry in the brain. Therefore fluconazole is preferred over itraconazole for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. For all other conditions listed in the question, itraconazole is first choice drug. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
a85ce81c-7cf0-4170-9644-d427e408b829 | Which of the following anesthetic agent lacks analgesic effect: March 2013 | N20 | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Fentanyl | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Thiopentone Thiopentone Ultra sho acting barbiturate (because of rapid redistribution), Lacks analgesic effect, First sign on intra-aerial injection: - White hands I/V injection presents as: - Pain, - Hypotension etc. C/I in: Porphyria (may precipitate porphyria) | Anaesthesia | null |
38603189-a522-4b9c-9e06-2e5ee16b9f4b | Operculated sulcus is another name of | Central Sulcus | Lunate Sulcus | Collateral Sulcus | Calcarine Sulcus | 1b | single | null | Anatomy | null |
a5701a0d-cd0b-4464-9ec2-915067c14d28 | A 25-year-old female presents with episodes of bizarre behavior, memory lapse, and unconsciousness. She also demonstrated previously episodes of extreme hunger, sweating, and tachycardia. During one of these episodes, her blood sugar was tested and was found to be 40 mg/dL. Which of the following would most appropriate... | Demonstration of insulin antibodies in blood | Abnormal glucagon level | CT of the pancreas showing a mass | Hypoglycemia during a symptomatic episode with relief of symptoms by intravenous glucose | 3d | single | The characteristic features of insulinomas include: (a) hypoglycemic symptoms; (b) blood glucose <50 mg/dL during the symptomatic episodes; and (c) relief of symptoms by intravenous injection of glucose (Whipple's triad). Diagnosis is confirmed by demonstration of fasting hypoglycemia in the presence of inappropriately... | Surgery | Pancreas |
c387de19-afe5-46b8-a92d-9e28c72d0fe5 | The specific topical remedy suggested for angular cojunctivitis is | Dexamethasone | Sulphacetamide | Zinc sulphate | Penicillin | 2c | single | C i.e. Zinc sulphate | Ophthalmology | null |
3e062b88-aece-420f-9a4d-db24fd72d79b | Which of the following is not a sign of active rickets ? | Prominent fontanelle | Hot cross bun sign | Saddle nose | Caries teeth | 2c | single | Saddle nose is not seen in rickets. | Pediatrics | null |
a23293ff-bdb6-42c8-a9c0-3aa6c2fd3a66 | True about oral anticoagulant warfarin are all EXCEPT: | Acts in vivo | Acts both in vivo and in vitro | Interferes with synthesis of Vit K | Causes Hematuria | 1b | multi | * Oral anticoagulant is warfarin. It is used only in vivo (body), not in vitro (lab).* Warfarin is not used to store blood.* It acts by inhibiting Vitamin K. Due to overdose, hematuria is the first manifestation noted.* Dose monitoring is done by INR.* Antidote of warfarin overdose: Vitamin KPT (Prothrombin Time)aPTT (... | Pharmacology | Hematology |
c98f61f7-627b-4964-9b78-3f585202ac94 | Which stone is common in chronic laxative use: | Xanthine | Cysteine | Ammonia urate | Struvite | 2c | single | Ans. c. Ammonia urateRef: Campbells Urology/P. 210Chronic laxative use leads to decreased sodium in the urine, as most sodium is excreted by GIT.Hence urate binds more with ammonia and this leads to ammonia urate stones. | Pharmacology | G.I.T |
d64a5445-758b-4115-804b-32578480600c | In a patient only Anti HBsAg is positive in serum, all other viral markers are negative. This indicates- | Acute hepatitis | Chronic active hepatitis | Persistent carrier | Immunized person with Hepatitis B vaccine | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
6e46a29a-3d34-4b35-bb4f-39693b5c608e | Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of nose is - | Carcinoma | Sarcoma | Carcinosarcoma | Hamartoma | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sarcomao Soft tissue sarcoma arise from mesenchyme, like muscles (myoma), endotha/ialcells (endothelioma) and cartilage (chondroma)o Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a soft tissue sarcoma.o It arises from distinct type of endothelial cells which exhibit epitheloid morphology. | Pathology | Clinical Aspects of Neoplasia |
a6b4e4aa-1812-4c38-8fa1-edda7bbdc72e | For indirect tooth-colored restorations the recommended
gingival-occlusal divergence per wall is in the range of | Greater than 2-5 degrees | 2-5 degrees | Less than 2-5 degrees | Less than 5 degrees | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
6d4fbed0-3e78-4dae-990c-1286fad04f3e | Bicipital aponeurosis lies over which structure in cubital fossa? | Ulnar nerve | Radial nerve | Brachial aery | Anterior interosseous aery | 2c | single | Bicipital aponeurosis passes superficial to the brachial aery and median nerve. It lies deep to superficial veins. During venipuncture, the bicipital aponeurosis provides limited protection for brachial aery and median nerve. | Anatomy | null |
26f5355e-a97d-45b1-ade4-8acc53c0981f | All are true about focal nodular hyperplasia except: | Multiple nodule may present | More common in male | May be associated with contraceptive pills use | Hypovascular on the aerial-phase and hypervascular on the delayed-phase CT images | 1b | multi | Answer- B. More common in maleFNH is typically benign"FNH is most frequently found in young to middle-aged adults, with a strong female predilection.the lesion is multinodularBile ductules are usually found at the interface between hepatocytes and fibrous regions.Kupffer cells are present | Pathology | null |
3d3ee583-5750-4325-804c-f535c862c357 | A 45 year old patient is suffering from diffuse toxic goiter, Therapy of choice will be | Surgery | Antithyroid drugs | Radioiodine | Antithyroid drugs first followed by surgery | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
f7e4f16a-9d1c-431a-979b-8c2330c17386 | Acute graft versus host disease reaction occurs in all EXCEPT | Liver | Adrenal | Gut | Skin | 1b | multi | (Adrenal) (125 - R) (134- Basic pathology 8th)* Two major problems complicate this form of transplantation bone marrow transplant rejection and graft versus host disease (GVHD)* Acute graft versus host disease (occurring due to weeks after transplant) causes epithelial necrosis in three principal target organs - liver,... | Pathology | Immunity |
041ddf67-7ca2-4626-9342-177832386fff | Which statement with respect to mucoceles is false? | Pseudocysts contain viscous saliva but lack a true epithelial lining | Patients relate a history of filling, rupture and refilling | Preventing recurrence requires removal of associated major salivary gland | Preventing recurrence requires removal of associated minor salivary gland | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
5463b79a-f744-4dfa-b10d-6d7b60653bc8 | Can be associated with anovulation, obesity, and amenorrheaFor the above explanations for hirsutism, select the most likely cause. | drugs | polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) | adrenal hyperplasia | idiopathic hirsutism | 1b | multi | The most severe form of PCOD, Stein-Leventhal syndrome, is associated with chronic anovulation, hirsutism, enlarged cystic ovaries, obesity, and amenorrhea. The spectrum of disease, however, is quite wide, and some patients have only mild hirsutism. | Medicine | Endocrinology |
9a8886d6-db54-4267-83bd-0f0720fbb3cf | Diveiculum most common site is- | Sigmoid colon | Ileum | Ascending colon | Transverse colon | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sigmoid colono The sigmoid colon is the segment of large bowel with the highest incidence of diveicula, and is by far the most frequent site for involvement with diveiculitis. | Pathology | null |
9128fbc1-85b5-458f-ac69-d52b5e1718c9 | Which one of the following methods is used for the estimation of chlorine demand of water? | Horrock’s apparatus | Chlorometer | Berkefeld filter | Double pot method | 0a | single | Chlorine demand of water : Is the amount of chlorine that is needed to destroy bacteria, and to oxidize all the organic matter amd ammoniacal substances present in water.
Is the amount of chlorine added to water minus amount of residual chlorine remaining at the end of a specific period of contact (1 hr).
Estimation o... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
718061f6-3048-4485-91a6-555f2a947a76 | True about cardiac O2 demand is | Directly proportional to mean arterial pressure | Inversely proportional to heart rate | Inversely proportional to cardiac work | Has a constant relation to the external work done by the heart | 0a | multi | Oxygen demand depends on the work being done. The work done is to pump the blood which is in the ventricles (preload) against the resistance in the aorta (afterload).
So, myocardial oxygen demand depends on
- Rate- Directly proportional
- Contractility- Directly proportional
- Intramyocardial tens... | Physiology | null |
822383e9-26ac-4b26-a174-c7483cdbcbe3 | Which of the following condition is associated with increase in 5'-Nucleotidase activity? | Bone diseases | Prostate cancer | Chronic renal failure | Cholestatic disorders | 3d | single | 5' nucleotidase level is elevated in obstructive or cholestatic liver disease, liver metastasis and biliary cirrhosis. 5' nucleotidase is found in or near the bile canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. Alkaline phosphatase, 5'-nucleotidase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) are the liver enzymes which are usually ... | Medicine | null |
c3c7c31a-1360-48c0-b0d0-eafd567acfc2 | Sigmoid volvulus rotation occurs | Clockwise | Anticlockwise | Both clockwise and anti clockwise | Axial in direction | 1b | multi | Rotation nearly always occurs in the anticlockwise direction. predisposing medical causes are: Overloaded pelvic colon Long pelvic mesocolon Band of adhesions (peridiveiculitis ) Narrow attachment of pelvic mesocolon high residue diet constipation Ref: Bailey & Love&;s Sho Practice of Surgery,E25,Page-1192 | Surgery | G.I.T |
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