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135
5630cac2-c426-48e3-8ef2-f43a54b3d1c5
Thymomas may be associated with all of the following, Except
Myaesthania Gravis
Hypergammaglobulinemia
Panhypopituitarism
SLE
1b
multi
Answer is B (Hypergammaglobulinemia): Thymoms may he associated with Hypogammaglobulinemia and not with Hypergammaglobulinemia. Thymoma is associated with Hypogammaglobulinemia and not with hypergammaglobulinemia Immune status with Thymoma T-cell number & cell medicated immunity are usually intact Q These patients are ...
Medicine
null
0c09b184-949a-4905-b619-457ed2a054c7
Inorganic content of cementum is
45 to 50%
50 to 55%
55 to 60%
60 to 65%
0a
single
null
Dental
null
3c5fe267-1094-41c3-a6c9-23f937cf31f7
Crown-Rump length of 120 mm means the gestational age is:
10 weeks
14 weeks
18 weeks
20 weeks
1b
single
null
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
08ae25c9-8fcc-4fc4-a76d-09e6445cf6bd
Use of folic acid to prevent congenital malformation should be best initiated:
During 1st trimester of pregnancy
During 2nd trimester of pregnancy
During 3rd trimester of pregnancy
Before conception
3d
single
Ans. is d, i.e. Before conceptionRef. Dutta Obs. 9/e, p 383; COGDT 10/e, p 197"Folic acid has been shown to effectively reduce the risk of neural tube defects (NTD's). A daily 4 mg dose is recommended for patients who have had a previous pregnancy affected by neural tube defects. It should be started atleast 1 month (i...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiological changes during Pregnancy
aa9fc28c-f10c-411b-bbce-3ce36728d6b0
On Doppler studies which is an ominous sign for IUGR fetus :
Increase S/D ratio
Reverse diastolic flow
Diastolic notch
All of the above
1b
multi
Absence of end-diastolic frequencies or reverse diastolic flow patterns in the umbilical aery usually indicates poor perinatal outcome. Reference: Dutta's Textbook of Obstetrics 7th edition page no 227
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Diagnosis in obstetrics
a4e12bb7-f2f8-4f2e-8fac-4841b7c658f0
Monteggia fracture is: (D. REPEAT 2012)
of proximal 1 /3rd ulna w ith dislocation of radioulnar joint
of distal 1 /3rd of ulna with dislocation of radioulnarJoint
of atlas
of distal l/3rd of radius with dislocation of radioulnar joint
0a
single
Ref: Aples's Svstem of Orthopaedics and Fractures, 9th edition, Pages 770 and 773Explanation:MONTEGGIA FRACTUREThe injury described by Monteggia in the early nineteenth century (without the benefit of X-rays!).Fracture of shaft of the proximal third of ulna associated with dislocation of the proximal radio-ulnar joint....
Orthopaedics
Monteggia and Distal Radius Fracture
a7465937-6be3-441c-87af-9a3de4ded649
Rx of choice for 'after cataract':
Repeat ECCE
Holmium laser
Argon Laser
Nd-YAG Laser
3d
single
Ans. d (Nd- YAG Laser). (Ref: Ophthalmology by A K Khurana 2nd ed: 209)LASERNd-YAG USER# Thin membranous after cataract and thickened posterior capsule are best treated by YAG laser capsulotomy or discission with cystotome or Ziegler's knife.# Nd-YAG produces an infrared radiation with a wavelength of 1064nm.He-Ne LASE...
Ophthalmology
Lens
fe448a7b-377a-40be-8203-9d6e499ae0ee
A characteristic feature of lingual surface of the mandibular first premolar is:
Rudimentary lingual cusp
Mesial marginal ridge
Mesiolingual developmental groove
Lingual triangular ridge
2c
single
A characteristic of the lingual surface of the mandibular first premolar is the mesiolingual developmental groove. This groove acts as a line of demarcation between the mesiobuccal lobe and the lingual lobe and extends into the mesial fossa of the occlusal surface.
Dental
null
e4ee9caa-f50e-4ec8-869a-402b65d3dc37
40 yr old female presents with urine darkening on standing, joint pain and stiffness, and pigment deposition in joints. What is the probable diagnosis?
Phenylketonuria
Tyrosinemia
Alkaptonuria
Tyrosinemia
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Alkaptonuria * Individual presenting in 4th decade with joint pain and stiffness and urine darkening on standing and pigment deposition in joints, is suggestive of alkaptonuria.Ochronosis (Alkaptonuria):* Alkaptonuria is a rare, heritable disorder characterized by the appearance of homogentisic acid i...
Orthopaedics
Metabolic Bone Disease
3ed788f9-a49a-4ced-90c2-16fa96547d2f
JG cells (Juxta glomerular apparatus) are ?
Macula densa
Smooth muscular cells of afferent aeriole
Smooth muscular cells of afferent aeriole
Islets of epithelial cells
1b
single
B i.e., Smooth muscle cells of afferent aeriole
Anatomy
null
671230fd-cc18-4d7c-9098-512916d7eec2
Degeneration of periodontal tissue without inflammation is called
Periodontosis
Periodontitis
Pericorinitis
Desquamative gingivitis
0a
multi
null
Dental
null
4aac0710-fc8c-48e5-8f6e-6673143022e6
In a human genome project, scientist notices that one strand of the DNA molecule contains 20 thymine (T), 25 cytosines (C), 30 guanines (G) and 22 adenine (A) residues. How many of each of the bases are found in the complete double-stranded molecule?
T=44, C=60, G=50, A=40
T=22, C=30, G=25, A=20
T=40, C=50, G=60, A=44
T=42, C=55, G=55, A=42
2c
single
Base pairs occur when nitrogenous bases make hydrogen bonds with each other. Each base has a specific paner: guanine with cytosine, adenine with thymine (in DNA) or adenine with uracil (in RNA). The hydrogen bonds are weak, allowing DNA to 'unzip Reference satyanarayana 4e
Biochemistry
Metabolism of nucleic acids
09b300a4-a5e5-4934-a2b4-665df654e18c
Sentinel node of gallbladder is
Virchow's node
Iris node
Clouquet node
Lymph node of Lund
3d
multi
Lund's node, or Mascagni's lymph node (often erroneously referred to as Calot's node), is the sentinel lymph node of the gall bladder. It increases in size in cholecystitis and cholangitis. It is an anatomic landmark and is removed along with the gall bladder in cholecystectomy.It is situated within the Triangle of Cal...
Anatomy
G.I.T
ea1d08e6-6019-4af5-932d-243e2b334f5e
Given below is an X ray of neonate, what is your diagnosis?
Malrotation
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Pulmonary sequestration
Pneumatoceles
1b
single
Chest X ray shows multiple air filled cysts in left hemithorax, shift of mediastinum to the right and the absence of outline of the left diaphragm- suggestive of Congenital diaphragmatic hernia Respiratory distress in neonate- With mediastinal shift Without mediastinal shift Congenital Diaphragmatic hernia Hyaline memb...
Pediatrics
Respiratory Disorders in neonates
1a5063e9-6bfa-4c40-9706-e40cde7968f3
What is the order of pubey -
Telarchy - pubarchy - menarchy
Puberchy - telarchy - menarchy
Puberchy - menarchy - telarchy
Adrenarchy - telarchy - pubarchy
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thelarchy-Pubarchy-Menarchy
Pediatrics
null
29173d63-cce6-4bfd-aacf-bf206fcbcc7c
Enzymes of Calvin cycle are
G-6-PD
Sedoheptulose-7-biphosphatase
Glycerol Kinase
Phosphoribulose kinase
1b
single
The Calvin cycle is regulated by light-dependent activation of at least 5 enzymes: Rubisco(Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase) NADP:glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase Ribulose-5-phosphate kinase Of these 5 enzymes, all except rubisco ...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
b5d6d772-110a-4b35-980b-7f08ae0fcf12
FEV1/ FEVC ratio is decreased in all, except
Bronchiectasis
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Tuberculosis
3d
multi
ParameterObstructive lung diseaseRestrictive lung diseaseTotal lung capacityNormal to increaseDecreaseResidual volumeIncreaseDecreaseVital capacityDecreaseDecreaseFEV1/ FVC (FEV1%)DecreaseNormal to increaseFEF 25-75% (Forced expiratory flow rate)Decrease NormalDiffusion capacityNormal (| in emphysema)decreased(Refer: H...
Anatomy
All India exam
ac40cf34-0c78-4c56-bef0-f9aac369a7ba
In a patient with head injury, eye opening is seen with painful stimulus, localizes the pain and there is inappropriate verbal response. What would be the score on Glasgow coma scale:
8
9
10
11
2c
single
Ans is 'c' i.e. 10 Feature Score Eye opening to pain 2 Inappropriate words 3 Localizes pain 5 Total 10
Surgery
null
37b3e9d8-3657-42b8-b1be-e7da313d8ca4
Which of the following statements are true?
Pain of renal origin is a deep-seated, sickening ache
Pain from a ureteric stone is colicky and the patient rolls around in agony
Pain from the urinary bladder is a suprapubic discomfo
All of the above
3d
multi
ACUTE FLANK PAIN Renal pain is a deep ache in the loin and is caused by stretching of the renal capsule. URETERIC COLIC Sudden severe agonizing colicky pain, staed at loin and radiating inferiorly and anteriorly caused by ureteral obstruction & its associated with nausea, vomiting, and urinary symptoms like hematuria o...
Surgery
Kidney and ureter
fe736b3e-8757-4e23-9fb6-867df7f75236
True about vitiligo are all except –
Genetic predisposition is known
Leucotrichia is associated with good prognosis
PUVA is used for treatment
Topical steroids give good results
1b
multi
Leucotrichia (depigmented hair) is a poor prognostic factor.
Dental
null
22b1df88-a85e-4776-8504-634fb8e90d2b
'Peliosis hepatis' can be caused by the following except:
Analgesics
Anabolic steroids
OC pills
Danazol
0a
multi
Ans. A. Analgesics. (Ref. H - 17th/pg. 988, 1950)Peliosis hepatis (blood cysts of the liver), has been observed in some patients treated with anabolic steroids.Certain drugs appear to be responsible for the development of chronic as well as acute hepatic injury. For example,:DRUGLiver-related Side-effects1 Oxyphenisati...
Pharmacology
Adverse Drug Effect
01a90f85-3e49-4a92-95c2-a97a745e1272
. In children MC type of polyp is -
Juvenile polyp
Solitary polyp
Familial polyposis
Multiple adenomatous polyp
0a
single
null
Surgery
null
616ee455-315b-4779-a373-c8573ead8252
A high prevalence of CA cervix was found to be there in one of the tribal area of Pakistan. It was planned to have free facility of pap smear taken in the concerned rural health centre to screen the local population for the particular cancer. The program showed a lot of resistance as it lacked
Acceptability
Affordability
Accessibility
Effectiveness
0a
single
null
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
f55c62b7-58f4-42ad-95b5-0b6dc6febe60
A 50-year-old female complains of dry mouth and foreign body sensation in her eyes. It is difficult for her to speak for more than a few minutes. There is no history of diabetes mellitus or neurological disease. The patient is on no medications. During clinical examination the buccal mucosa appears dry and the salivary...
Use of coicosteroids
Schirmer test and measurement of autoantibodies
IgG antibody to mumps virus
Lip biopsy
1b
multi
Primary Sjogren's syndrome, an autoimmune disease with presenting symptoms of dry eyes and dry mouth. Positive Schirmer test is an objective evidence of dry eyes. Autoantibodies are directed against non-organ-specific antigens such as immunoglobulins (rheumatoid factors) and extractable nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens...
Medicine
null
c5333146-8cc9-4496-b9bb-176e2c77c5f0
Abductor of vocal cords is -
Thyroarytenoid
Lateral cricoarytenoid
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Cricothyroid
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Posterior cricoarytenoid Abductors : Adductors :Posterior cricoarytenoidLateral cricoarytenoidInterarytenoid (transverse arytenoid)Thyroarytenoid (external part)CricothyroidTensors :CricothyroidVocalis (internal part of thyroarytenoid)
Anatomy
Larynx
99440e93-6740-4f67-bf0b-464cc808aa9b
Muscles that can cause external rotation of the hip include all of the following except:
Saorius
Obturator internus
Obturator externus
Gluteus minimus
3d
multi
Ans:D.)Gluteus Minimus. Many of the muscles of the gluteal region are external rotators of the hip. These muscles include the gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, quadratus femoris, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus. The saorius is a flexor and external rotator of the hip. The glu...
Surgery
null
58fcb961-ba2c-4752-a736-ee2dbf03f091
A female presented with progressive loss of vision during night since few months. Fundoscopy shows "bone-spicule formation". Her two brothers and mother are also suffering with the same problem. Diagnosis is:
Papilledema
Macular edema
CRAO
Retinitis pigmentosa
3d
single
Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of heterogeneous hereditary retinal degenerations characterized by progressive dysfunction of the photoreceptors, associated with progressive cell loss and eventual atrophy of several retinal layers. Inheritance of the typical form can be autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, or X-lin...
Ophthalmology
null
33b98c2e-f284-417b-8251-fc0ff3574846
Effect of fetal hemoglobin on O, dissociation curve-
Right Shift
Left Shift
No effect
May be right or left
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Left shift Oxveen dissociation curveShifted to rightShifted to lefto Decreased oxygen affinity to hemoglobino Increased P50o Increased oxygen deliveryQ to tissueso Causes;* Decreased pH (Acidosis) Q* Increased temperatureQ* Increased PCO6* Increased 2,3 DPG(BPG)6i) Growth hormone, Androgen, thyroid ho...
Physiology
Principles of Gas Exchange - Respiratory Membrane
a7556cd6-1cc1-4930-bdfa-b0278c3bd064
Nugent's scorefor bacterial vaginosis includes all except?
Lactobacillus
Gardnerellavaginalis
Mobiluncus
Gonococcus
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., GonococcusNugent's score for diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV)The Nugent Score is a system employed for diagnosing BV using microscopic examination of a Gram-stained smear of vaginal discharge.It is used primarily in research studies rather than clinical practice.Scores are calculated by assessing...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
24ceefc3-9196-4fca-8367-6898027636db
Drug of choice in pertussis is :
Penicillin
Doxycycline
Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin
2c
single
null
Pharmacology
null
77cae30d-f682-4ec6-9f5b-6260941a3d85
Temperature for sintering of High fusing ceramic is
>2372 degree F
>1300 degree F
1101-1300 degree F
None of the above
0a
multi
Classification of Dental Ceramics by Sintering Temperature
Dental
null
15fe9fb5-fd54-4e16-9936-739019f45566
Purkinje cells from the cerebellum end in:
Extrapyramidal system
Cranial Nerve Nuclei
Cerebellar Nuclei
Cerebral Cortex
2c
single
Ans. C. Cerebellar NucleiCerebellar cortex consists of the following three distinct layers:a. Outer molecular layer.b. Intermediate Purkinje cell layer.c. Inner granular layer.Purkinje cells are large flask shaped cells. The outgoing Purkinje axons constitute the sole output from the cerebellar cortex and exert an inhi...
Anatomy
Cerebellum and Brainstem
f36b0549-6a22-4e00-a488-6937ea780d39
Which of the following is the first product of glycogenolysis?
Glucose-6 phosphate
Glucose- 1-6 diphosphate
Glucose-1-phosphate
Fructose-1-phosphate
2c
single
Glycogenolysis involves three steps. First, the repetitive removal of glucose residues by phosphorylase breaking bonds between carbons 1 and 4, producing a glucose-1-phosphate molecule. Second, a glucan transferase enzyme moves three residues to the linear pa of the glycogen chain. Third, a debranching enzyme cleaves t...
Biochemistry
null
d5d44b80-95a9-4afd-b203-8a7be49bce42
Fatal dose of arsenic in adults -
40-60 mg
20-30 mg
60-80 mg
100-200 mg
3d
single
fatal dose of arsenic trioxide is 100-200mg REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION;PAGE NO303
Forensic Medicine
Poisoning
66501023-82b2-4aba-9753-f24bdfd5bb84
CSF rhinorrhoea is due to the fracture of which of the following March 2008
Nasal bones
Cribriform plate
Temporal bone
Maxillary bone
1b
single
Ans. B: Cribriform Plate CSF rhinorrhoea can follow a head injury. CSF from anterior cranial fossa reaches the nose by way of cribriform plate, ethmoid air cells or frontal sinus. CSF from middle cranial fossa reaches the nose sphenoid sinuses. Sometimes, injuries of the temporal bone result in leakage of CSF into the ...
ENT
null
3fa8c21a-ebb5-43d3-b8f5-42396a78d5b5
Which of the following is a topical vit. D analogue?
Cholecalciferol
Doxercalciferol
Calcipotriol
Paricalcitol
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Calcipotriol o Topical calcipotriol (Calcipotriene) is a Vitamin D analogue used in psoriasis.
Pharmacology
null
f6cf9a64-9b02-48c9-b29f-689d0db278dc
In systemic circulation, 2/3rd of resistance to the flow of Blood is offered by
Small arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Venules
1b
multi
null
Physiology
null
dea33a1e-024f-4299-a401-33c2b5da1d9b
The quantity of hormone released by Progestase per day is?
25 ug
45 ug
65 ug
85 ug
2c
single
Progestase is a commonly used IUCD which carries 38 mg of progesterone in silicone oil reservoir. It releases 65 ug of hormone per day. It acts by forming a thick plug of mucus at the cervical os which prevents penetration by the sperm. Ref: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology, 18th edition, p227.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
66c4e49e-9ba4-4aab-9dd6-e7887bb5af00
Which of the following factors is responsible for deciding whether an antibody or immunoglobulin will remain membrane bound or get secreted?
RNA Splicing
Class Switching
Differential RNA Processing
Allelic Exclusion
2c
multi
Differential RNA processing decides whether an immunoglobulin will remain membrane bound or secreted. Ref: Textbook of biochemistry by DM Vasudevan3rd edn/page 354.
Biochemistry
null
9f5270d9-5b7e-47ee-baf9-b1a497f5f00a
Plasma cells are activated:
B cells
T cells
Macrophages
Monocytes
0a
single
Ans: a (B cells) Ref: Robbins,7th ed, p. 199; Ananthanarayan, 7th ed, p. 125When B lymphocytes are activated by antigens (protein/non-protein) they get differentiated into antibody secreting cells, called plasma cells.Plasma cells:Cartwheel appearanceLifespan-2-3 daysMakes Ab of single specificity, single Ig clan & all...
Pathology
Immunity
5c886b61-a35a-4d8d-833d-d5c276b82558
Incompetent lips refer to
Inability of the Lips to cover the incisors in the mandibular relaxed position
Inability of the lips to cover the incisors in occlusion
The lips come in between the upper and lower incisors
Tongue thrusts against the Lips during swallowing
0a
multi
null
Dental
null
5cb42e93-1379-4611-8a5a-6f1ca411cc4b
A major source of Von Willebrand factor (vWF) -
Erythrocytes
Neutrophils
Endothelial cells
Monocytes
2c
single
Circulating factor VIII has two components. (a) Factor VIII c  (Procoagulant protein) This is the smaller component It is synthesized in the liver (main source) and kidney. It is an intrinsic pathway component required for activation of factor X. (b) Von willebrand factor (vWF) This is the larger component It is pro...
Pathology
null
4a0cb656-4a3d-4c3c-a2e0-efcc9d4561fb
Association fibers are -a) Uncinate fasciculusb) Cingulumc) Superior longitudinal fasciculusd) Corpus callosum
ab
bc
acd
abc
3d
multi
null
Anatomy
null
633e168e-388a-45b1-a1c2-557ff729b810
Bevelling of the skull is seen in the :
Bevelling of the skull is seen in the :
Narrow end of the entry point in bullet injury
Exit point of bullet
Depressed fracture of the skull
2c
single
C i.e. Exit point bullet
Forensic Medicine
null
6ca20ec6-78c2-4298-b25b-2201e381e4ff
Common organism causing liver abscess in biliry sepsis is:
Enterococci
Bacteroids
Staphylococcus
Klebsiella
0a
single
Source of infection MC organism 1.Biliary Enteric gram negative organisms (enterococci) 2.Other intraperitoneal source Mixed aerobic/anaerobic organisms (e.g. B. fragilis) 3.Haematogenous seeding Staphylococcus, Streptococcus 4.Immunocompromised Candida species 5.Parasitic Ascaris lumbricoides Ref: Heneghan et al. BMC ...
Medicine
null
fc08a21f-56ac-4248-a49d-2e0da591bcc8
A 25-year-old man presents to rheumatologist with complaints of joint pain involving large joints of legs which exacerbates frequently accompanied by diarrhea. Which of the following gastrointestinal diseases is most likely to be implicated as the cause of the patient's joint problems?
Amebic colitis
Chronic appendicitis
Diveiculosis
Ulcerative colitis
3d
single
- Most frequent GIT disorder associated with sacroiliitis (related to HLA-B27) or lower limb ahritis is chronic inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis & Crohn's disease. - Other GI diseases associated with ahropathy are Whipple's disease, Behcet's syndrome, and celiac disease.
Pathology
Systemic Pathology
bb6af731-7c4f-4443-8e05-170d92d03271
Frey's syndrome is caused by ?
Post traumatic nerve fibres of facial nerve with parasympathetic of auriculotemporal nerve
Greater auricular with auriculotemporal nerve
Facial nerve with greater auricular nerve
None
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Post traumatic nerve fibres of facial nerve with parasympathetic of auriculotemporal nerve Frey's syndrome (gustatory sweating) Gustatory sweating or Frey's syndrome involves post-parotidectomy facial sweating and skin flushing while eating. The symptoms usually occur several months or even years afte...
ENT
null
802e5405-e400-4ebb-9859-a7e1c3c7bf6a
All are true about obsession, except: PGI 10, 14
Recurrent foolish thoughts
Associated with dim light
Attempts to resist intrusive ideas
Associated depression
1b
multi
Ans. Associated with dim light
Forensic Medicine
null
d968e652-9a60-4e8d-8328-ea27cd435c26
Delirium can occur from poisoning of which of the following:
Lead
Copper
Arsenic
Digitalis
3d
single
null
Medicine
null
f9bc21c2-544e-4b47-9968-ae7ade883595
Which of the following is most useful for sex determination?
Skull
Femur
Pelvis
Tibia
2c
single
Ans: C (Pelvis) Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by KS Moray an Reddy. 29th edition. 2010. Pg. 57-6/Explanation:According to Krogman theory, the degree of accuracy in sexing adult skeletal remains is:Entire Skeleton100 %Pelvis alone95 %Skull alone90 %Pelvis + Skull98 %Long bones alone80 %Some Imp...
Forensic Medicine
Misc.
8c475dc0-74b2-46d2-af46-18b46ebd18c3
Structure formed from Mesonephric duct is?
Ovary
Ureter
Uterus
Uterine tubes
1b
single
A diveiculum called Ureteric bud which arises From the lower pa of the mesonephric duct(wolffian duct) Ureter develops from pa of the Ureteric bud that lies between the pelvis of the kydney and the vesico urethral canal HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY-INDERBIR SINGH TENTH EDITION-PAGE NO:285,290
Anatomy
General anatomy
097dcb3c-4695-4fdb-b6ed-8f44e19be70d
The best marker to diagnose thyroid related disorder is:
T3
T4
TSH
Thyroglobulin
2c
single
Ans. (c) TSHRef: Schwartz 10th edition Page 1349* TSH assay is the most sensitive and Specific test for diagnosis of hyper and hypothyroidism for optimizing T4 therapy.
Surgery
Thyroid Gland
1c61e947-0b87-43ac-ac25-df620e8c5072
Primary motor area (Area no. 4) of brain is supplied by:
Anterior cerebral aery
Middle cerebral aery
Anterior and middle cerebral aery
Anterior and posterior cerebral aery
2c
single
- lateral surface of cerebrum receives supply from middle cerebral aery. -medial surface of cerebrum is majorly supplied by anterior cerebral aery. - The upper limb and head are represented on the lateral surface of the coex in homunculus, whereas pelvis and lower limb are on the medial surface of the hemispheres.
Anatomy
Brainstem lesions and blood supply of CNS
981fc04d-3084-46fb-8e20-cd9dde9c0d87
Which is true abt primary sclerosing cholangitis-
Alkaline phosphatase levels are normal
Bilirubinm levels are increased
Liver enzymes are not increased
No risk of malignancy
1b
multi
In primary sclerosing cholangitis, Liver enzymes are elevated, Bilirubin levels increase during acute cholangitis. Reference: Davidson, 23rd edition, page 889
Medicine
G.I.T
e76b9599-0c18-4c79-888e-be5875820810
Aggrecan in:
Receptor over platelets
A molecule present in osteoid tissue
Granules in leukocytes
Impoant component of cailage
3d
single
D i.e. Impoant component of cailage
Physiology
null
1cbad5d6-430c-476a-bfb7-1ddef6540a04
Antibody found in myositis
Anti jo 1
Anti scl 70
Anti Sm
Anti ku
0a
single
Refer Harrison 17th/2038
Anatomy
Musculoskeletal system
fd4c2ff8-0c16-4cd8-bd93-7a5b9cf4170a
Short chain fatty acid produced by bacteria are maximally absorbed in
Duodenum
Colon
ileum
Jejunum
1b
multi
Acetate, propionate and butyrate are short chain fatty acids formed in the colon by action of bacteria. They are reabsorbed in the colon itself.
Physiology
null
f312e29f-c42b-42fb-973e-48df7aecacf9
All are added to PCR, except:
Deoxynucleotide
Dideoxynucleotide
Thermostat DNAP
Template DNA
1b
multi
Ans. B. Dideoxynucleotide(Ref: Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry 4fe page1446)Pre requisites of PCRSample DNA to be amplifiedDeoxynucleotides.Thermostable Polymerase--Taq Polymerase obtained from Thermus Aquaticus found in hot springs.Primer.Mgcl2 , KCl
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology Techniques
1c4cad85-1f67-4fcf-b287-2369e220d3f1
Curlings ulcer is seen in -
Burn patients
Patients with head injuries
Zollinger Ellison syndrome
Analgesic drug abuse
0a
single
null
Surgery
null
f9f8f49a-bb3f-4584-b942-a5eaa4beb70c
Wallarian degeneration is seen in -
Distal to injury
Proximal to injury
At both ends
In cell body (soma)
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a- i.e., Distal to injuryo Part distal to the injury - Wallarian degeneration or secondary degeneration,o Part proximal to the injury - Primary degeneration or retrograde degeneration.Degeneration of the distal part (Antegrade)Degeneration of proximal part (Retrograde)Stage of regenerationo Degeneration of dis...
Physiology
Nerve Physiology
0837ce94-f7e1-4402-b32d-f4fda64ca633
Flaky paint appearance of skin is seen in?
Dermatitis
Pellagra
Marasmus
Kwashiorkor
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Kwashiorkor
Pediatrics
null
fc3ae81f-3e4b-46d8-9c6e-0df68118f22d
To diagnose anemia in age group 2 years to 5 years, level of hemoglobin should be?
< 14g/dl
< 11g/dl
< 12g/dl
< 13g/dl
1b
single
ANEMIAS IN CHILDREN (WHO DEFINITION): - Children of age - Hb < 11 g/dl - Children of age - Hb < 11.5 g/dl - Children of age - Hb < 12 g/dl
Pediatrics
Nutritional anemia
d9d059c4-e8bd-48cf-ac58-c922203e49b0
All of the following are viral inclusion bodies, EXCEPT:
Psamomma bodies
Molluscum
Negri
Bollinger
0a
multi
Psammoma bodies are nonrefractile calcified concretions with concentric lamellations that are sometimes found in association with papillary adenocarcinoma, both primary and metastatic. Molluscum bodies or Henderson-Patterson bodies are seen in molluscum contagiosum which is caused by a pox virus. They are intracytoplas...
Microbiology
null
ce6f75b0-ba37-42e2-a885-9406fcf9a555
Not true about superior vena cava
Opens into right ventricle
Enters the hea at level of 3rd costal
Pierces paricardium at 2nd costal cailage
Receives azygos vein behind sternal angle
0a
multi
SVC opens in to right atrium (not right ventricle).Superior vena-cava SVC collects blood from the upper half of the body and drains into the right atrium. It is formed by the union of two brachiocephalic veins at the level of lower border of 1" right costal cailage. It passes veically downwards behind the right border ...
Anatomy
null
2096f158-15cb-47f3-adf5-20f20e51ffd5
Most common malignancy in a longstanding goiter is -
Follicular Carcinoma
Pappilary Carcinoma
Medullary Carcinoma
Colloid Carcinoma
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Follicular Carcinoma "An increased incidence of cancer (usually follicular) has been reported from endemic areas. Dominant or rapidly growing nodules in longstanding goiters should always be subjected to aspiration cytology." - Bailey & LoveAbout Follicular Carcinoma (FTC)o FTC are second most common ...
Surgery
Thyroid Malignancies
c71541df-2887-4f75-a1c8-01d33462b397
Which is not a method of gene therapy?
FISH
Transfection
Electroporation
Bacteriophage
0a
single
Ans. A. FISHa. FISH is fluorescent -in-situ hybridization and is a method of detection and not related with gene therapyb. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a very sensitive technique that is also used for this purpose.c. This often places the gene at a location on a given band or region on the chromosome.d....
Biochemistry
Molecular Genetics
7f539d0d-4688-436d-8f81-4fee7093badd
The side effects of clomiphene because of which its use should be immediately stopped :
Hot flashes
Multiple pregnancy
Teratogenic
Visual symptoms
3d
single
Visual symptoms are rare; 1-2%; but if present treatment with clomiphene should be stopped immediately Ref: Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infeility; Eighth Edition; Chapter 27
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Reproductive physiology and hormones in females
bd77838f-c197-4623-a89a-8ea232fce016
Which of the following presents with macronodular cirrhosis
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Indian childhood cirrhosis
Hemochromatosis
Wilson's disease
3d
single
Wilson's disease presents with macronodular cirrhosis. (Nodules size > 3 mm is diameter) Option a,b,c presents with micronodular cirrhosis.
Pathology
null
92da56f4-c137-461b-b6b8-c70e2e51b34c
Opsoclonus is -
Arryhthmic conjugate eye movements
Conjugate chaotic movements
Conjugate, chaotic, continuous movements
Chaotic, disconjugate movements
0a
single
null
Medicine
null
7c3814f0-bcac-45c1-97f0-e543481eb7ea
Which compound shifts the Oxygen dissociation curve to the right:
1, Phosphoglycerate
2, 3 DPG
1, 3 DPG
Glyceraldehyde
1b
single
B i.e. 2,3, DPG
Physiology
null
c35a9af4-05ce-4ef5-aa31-fd9f8fdc8dd9
Which diagram represents the changes (after osmotic equilibrium) in extracellular and intracellular fluid volumes and osmolarities after the infusion of 3% NaCl?
A
B
C
D
2c
single
A 3% solution of NaCl is hypeonic, and when infused into the extracellular fluid, it would raise osmolarity, thereby causing water to flow out of the cells into the extracellular fluid until osmotic equilibrium is achieved. In the steady state, extracellular fluid volume would increase, intracellular fluid volume would...
Physiology
Body fluid compaments
4f856fe4-b82e-4c50-ae6e-f6b55c9b5caf
All of the following structures press over the oesophagus, EXCEPT?
Aoic arch
Left atrium
Left bronchus
Right bronchus
3d
multi
Anteriorly the normal esophagus is indended from above downwards by three impoant structures that cross it, the arch of aoa, left bronchus and left atrium. Various structures that may press on the oesophagus and cause obstruction are:Enlarged left atriumBronchial carcinomaEnlarged lymph nodes at the hilum of lungDilate...
Anatomy
null
2447d61b-d4d2-4c56-a7bf-ff5c2d3d4d98
Bone age is best estimated by
History from the patient
X-ray of the teeth
Heredity
X-ray of the wrist
3d
single
null
Dental
null
bdcce9f5-e780-44aa-84c6-9f81e2b11c66
Most impoant clinical feature of primary biliary cirrhosis
Generalised pruritus
Jaundice
Clubbing
Hematemesis
0a
single
Primary biliary cirrhosis Believed to be an autoimmune etiology, leading to progressive destruction of intrahepatic bile ducts More common in females Associated with autoimmune disorders (CREST, Sicca syndrome, Autoimmune thyroiditis, Renal tubular acidosis) Clinical features Most patients are asymptomatic, pruritus th...
Anatomy
G.I.T
4db83c49-e5bf-419f-b089-a5790352f9e6
A person get infected in a hospital and clinical manifestation appear after he is discharged this is called -
Nosocomial infection
Oppounistic infection
Epizootic infection
Physician induced
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Nosocomial infection . The term hospital infection, hospital -acquired infection or nosocomial infection are applied to infections developing in hospitalized patients, not present or in incubation at the time of their admission. . Such infections may become evident during their stay in hospital or, so...
Microbiology
null
00d26c08-111d-4657-91f2-316145a8eea7
Which of the following condition is not associated with elevated serum total lactate dehydrogenase level?
Hemolysis
Stroke
Myocardial infarction
Muscle crush injury
1b
single
Acute MI causes an increase in LDH in 12-24 hours, attains peak value in 48 hours and returns to normal in 1-2 weeks. Because of high concentration of LDH in the RBC, lysis of RBCs causes elevation of LDH levels. Muscle injuries and liver diseases like hepatitis can also cause raised LDH levels. Stroke is not associate...
Medicine
null
49833b1b-7977-4153-97d3-5e7dc46a33b6
Pigment seen in malarial parasite is formed from which of the following?
Bilirubin
Biliverdin
Hemoglobin
Melanin
2c
single
Hematin globin is formed as a result of incomplete metabolism of hemoglobin by malarial parasite. Malaria parasites are from the genus Plasmodium, malaria is caused by P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, P. vivax. Among those infected, P. falciparum is the most common species identified (~75%) followed by P. vivax (~...
Microbiology
null
ffd98fe8-7745-4420-9ddb-603da74beaf3
Sinus venosus receives blood from all EXCEPT
Vitelline vein
Umbilical vein
Common cardinal vein
Subcardinal vein
3d
multi
Right & left sinus venosus each receives the union of the corresponding: Umbilical vein Vitelline vein Common cardinal vein Right vitelline vein forms the poal venous circulation and the hepatic poion of IVC. Common cardinal veins - forms neck veins. The umbilical veins degenerate.
Anatomy
Bronchopulmonary Segments, Embryonic veins
4faa2d05-9508-4db7-b7f3-054c68ed30f6
Which of the following is an example of learned tolerance?
avoiding alcohol when feeling unsteady
drinking alcohol only with food
walking a straight line when intoxicated
not driving when drunk
2c
single
Learned tolerance refers to the reduction of the effect of a drug due to compensatory mechanisms that are learned. An example is walking a straight line despite the motor impairment caused by alcohol. This likely represents both acquisition of motor skills and the learned awareness of one's deficit; thus the person wal...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
1f500752-0678-46b5-a042-52c7e35a99ff
The most common adverse effect with ticlopidine is :
Neutropenia
Diarrhea
Hemorrhage
Thrombocytopenic purpura
1b
single
null
Pharmacology
null
28d5272c-833c-4647-b1fd-59b585aa235c
A 20-year-old man suffered a significant closed head injury after a diving accident. He is left with minor memory impairment but makes a full recovery. A few months later, he has a witnessed loss of consciousness with some arm and leg twitching. After the event, he is disoriented for 2 hours and then gradually returns ...
syncope
generalized seizure
focal seizure
cardiac arrhythmia
1b
multi
This man had a generalized posttraumatic seizure. The prolonged confusion after the event suggests seizure rather than syncope. In the majority of cases, seizures do not develop until several months after the injury, 6-18 months being the most common interval. The more severe the injury, the greater the likelihood of s...
Medicine
C.N.S.
c5bc03f3-b6e9-4b4e-9323-fbaa3c4cc5f5
Most common cause of psoriasis
Autoimmune
Hereditary
Psychosomatic
Infective
0a
single
Ans A (autoimmune) Ref IADVL text book of Dermatology P1022, Harrisons 17th ed pg 315,It is a T cell mediated autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease.The evidence implicating a key role for an immune pathogenesis relates to:*the association with certain HLA groups (HLA Cw6)*the success of certain immunosuppressive drug...
Skin
Papulosquamous Disorders
2184cf3b-ddc2-428f-8488-8571b11bc9ea
Homer Trantas nodules are seen in:
Blepharoconjunctivitis
Vernal conjunctivitis
Phlyctenular conjunctivitis
Herpetic keratitis
1b
single
Vernal conjunctivitis
Ophthalmology
null
0d0ee2fe-8bef-41d5-a8ac-5bc63eba912d
True statement of Buerger’s disease is/are
Small and medium sized vessels involved
Commonly involves upper limb than lower limbs
Common in male
Common in female
0a
multi
null
Surgery
null
9ad9bf88-fb32-403b-9b5b-d441b22020ed
In community acquired pneumonia out patient treatment Is: (PGI June 2007)
Azithromycin
Cepfotaxime
Ampicillin
Gentamicin
0a
single
Ans,: A (Azithromycin) As Q is mentioned only simple community acquired pneumonia (Not MRS A or Pseudomonas; so aminoglycosides & vancomycin are not given in answer), so give outpatient treatment given in Harr/son tableTable (Harrison 17th/1623): Empirical Antibiotic Treatment of Community'-Acquired PneumoniaOutpatient...
Medicine
Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis, and Lung Abscess
1f979ddf-18f7-4f9c-b3c9-e87374ac81d2
Maggots in a dead body do not appear before:
4 hours
12 hours
24 hours
48 hours
3d
single
D i.e. 48 hours
Forensic Medicine
null
cfcd1b7e-4c33-4276-8c27-d34be0278d7d
In severe acute malnutrition, arm circumference is less than (in cm):
11.5
12
12.5
13
0a
single
In children who are 6-59 months of age, severe acute malnutrition is defined asWeight-for-height <= -3 Z-score, orMid-upper-arm circumference <11.5 cm, orPresence of bilateral edema(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 301)
Pediatrics
All India exam
7c2d4bba-715e-4707-a447-03f43bcc59f3
Obesity is associated with decreased risk of -
Hypeension
Hyperuricemia
Osteoporosis
Hea disease
2c
single
The major factors considered in past for obesity as protective factor for osteoporosis include increased load on the coical skeleton, direct stimulation of bone formation by leptin, greater aromatase activity, increased estradiol leading decrease bone resorption, and stimulation of bone formation . The ongoing debate r...
Medicine
Miscellaneous
d37c3edb-7bf6-41b8-876e-9e351b89b6fc
The CNS tumor present with calcification ?
Oligodendroglioma
Astrocytoma
Medulloblastoma
Pheochromocytoma
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' Oligodendroglioma Although many intracranial tumors show calcification, oligodendroglioma shows calcification in 70-90% of cases.
Surgery
null
51561362-650b-4e53-917e-0b2e08f2bbec
Tritanopes have defective assessment of whichcolor ?
Red
Blue
Green
Yellow
1b
single
Ans. is `b' i.e., Blue Colour Defective Absent GreenRedBlue DeuteranomalousProtanomalousTritsnomalous DeuteranoPtaProtanopiaTritanopia
Ophthalmology
null
c6573f16-26ad-4b1b-890b-a278e7ad7b8e
Burst abdomen is seen after how many days of surgery
1-4 days
3-5 days
6-8 days
10-12 days
2c
single
In 1-2% of cases, mostly between the sixth and eighth day after operation, an abdominal wound bursts open and viscera are extruded. This is called burst abdomen or abdominal wound dehiscence. The sutures apposing the deep layers (peritoneum, posterior rectus sheath) tear through or even become untied.Reference : page 9...
Surgery
Urology
af0f3d51-5db1-4d5d-bb14-80e6e4ad2be6
Fasciculation are caused by –
Suxamethonium
Pancuronium
d-TC
Vecuronium
0a
single
Fasciculation is characteristic of depolarizing block (sch).
Anaesthesia
null
01a0317d-a09c-4d2a-af34-6132bdd61ab1
All of the following are true about Duret hemorrhage, EXCEPT:
Seen in conjunctiva
ICT increase
Cushing's triad
Seen in brain
0a
multi
Duret haemorrhage: "Progressive rise in ICP cause fuher downward herniation into the foramen magnum or coning. This result in shearing of perforators supplying the brain stem causing haemorrhage known as duret haemorrhage. Tractional damage to pituitary stalk can result in diabetes insipidus. With progressive herniatio...
Surgery
null
f4fdc619-707b-4790-ac13-6e93cef4bff4
In a monkey temporal lobectomy was done. What is not seen?
Sexual desire
Visual agnosia
Oral tendency
Fearfulness
3d
single
Memory and language problems after temporal lobectomy. Temporary double vision after temporal lobectomy. Increased number of seizures after corpus callosotomy, but the seizures should be less severe. Reduced visual field after a hemispherectomy. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number...
Physiology
Nervous system
37fbccb7-6dcd-4c69-ae6c-0bbda79d79b3
All the following signs could result from infection within the right cavernous sinus except -
Constricted pupil in response to light
Engorgement of the retinal veins upon ophthalmoscopic examination
Ptosis of the right eyelid
Right Ophthalmoplegia
0a
multi
In CST, there is loss of direct and consensual light reflex on the same side. So, there will be no pupillary constriction in response to light. Retinal veins are engorged and congested in later stages. Ptosis (due to 3rd nerve involvement) and opthalmoplegia (due to 3rd, 4th, 6th nerve involvement) occur in CST.
Ophthalmology
null
db388ff5-5a78-4955-821b-e8c57e0a9103
What are the objectives of furcation therapy:
Facilitate maintenance.
Prevent further attachment loss.
Obliterate the furcation defects as a periodontal maintenance problem.
All of the above.
3d
multi
The objectives of furcation therapy are to Facilitate maintenance Prevent further attachment loss and Obliterate the furcation defects as a periodontal maintenance problem. The selection of therapeutic mode varies with the class of furcation involvement, the extent and configuration of bone loss, and other anatomic fa...
Dental
null
7b088542-1300-41b2-8309-1ad853a691ed
Emysema aquosum is found in: NEET 13
Dry drowning
Wet drowning
Immersion syndrome
Secondary drowning
0a
single
Ans. Dry drowning
Forensic Medicine
null
6d434bbf-76f1-4cc6-94b3-a4d5b73292df
Insect in ear can be killed by:
Oil
H2O2
H2O
Petrol
0a
single
Removal of Insect from ear canal Tilt the person's head so that the ear with the offending insect is upward. Try to float the insect out by pouring mineral oil, olive oil or baby oil into the ear. The oil should be warm but not hot. While pouring the oil, ease the entry of the oil by straightening the ear canal. Pull t...
ENT
null
2250a94e-d34c-46fa-a4fd-fd16e72ad143
A 27-year-old man and his 24-year-old wife have been trying to conceive a child for 6 years. Physical examination shows he has bilateral gynecomastia, reduced testicular size, reduced body hair, and increased length between the soles of his feet and the pubic bone. A semen analysis indicates oligospermia. Laboratory st...
46, X, I (Xq)
47, XYY
47, XXY
46, XX/47, XX, +21
2c
single
Klinefelter syndrome is a relatively common chromosomal abnormality that occurs in about 1 of 660 live-born males. The findings can be subtle. The 46, X, i (Xq) karyotype is a variant of Turner syndrome (seen only in females), caused by a defective second X chromosome. The 47, XYY karyotype occurs in about 1 in 1000 li...
Pathology
Genetics
febd98eb-3480-4655-9318-7e04c1f54236
One TB unit is recommended for how much population in Hilly areas -
50
100,000
150,000
250,000
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., 250,000Infrastrucilure in RNTCPOne microscopy center100,000 population in planes50,000 population in hilly/mountain areasOne Tuberculosis unit500,000 population in planes250,000 population in hilly/tribai areasOne district tubercular center (DTC)Per revenue districtOne state drug store (SDS)50 million...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health Planning and Management