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9aaeadc7-9acb-4a07-94bd-7c7257c71c75 | A 16 years boy is accused of rape to a 12 years old girl. By which of the following, the boy can prove that he is innocent -a) No abrasion in body & genitaliab) Absence of blood & semen in cloth & genitaliac) Absence of saliva in cheekd) Age of the boy 16 yearse) Presence of smegma in penis & corpora granulosus | abc | abe | cde | acd | 1b | single | The absence of signs of struggle (injuries to body and vagina) and absence of exchange (blood and semen in cloth and genitalia) may be used as evidence in defences, as their presence is suggestive of rape.
Presence of smegma under prepuce is inconsistent with recent intercourse as it may be rubbed during intercourse an... | Forensic Medicine | null |
bc302924-c9e8-43b7-9460-9ea24ebed0ab | After 8 weeks of visit to female sex worker male patient develops painless ulcer over penis that bleeds on touch without any lymphadenopathy, diagnosis is? | Primary Syphilis | Chanchroid | Herpes simplex virus | Donovanosis | 3d | single | Donovanosis (Granuloma Inguinale ) Chronic, progressively destructive bacterial infection of the genital region caused by K. granulomatis. Intracellular, gram-negative, pleomorphic, encapsulated bacterium. Genital ulcers: Single Base is beefy red, bleeds easily and painless. Indurated and elevated margins | Dental | Sexually Transmitted Infections |
b2a37726-2c37-443d-9085-3082741354db | Ear ossicles are | Malleus | Incus | Stapes | All the above | 3d | multi | Ear ossicles are malleus, incus, and stapes | Anatomy | General anatomy |
60a7dca3-d192-4bbb-9bb4-d0119a6fcbd0 | Which one of the following is not a feature of Phenylketonuria? | Severe mental retardation | Reduced tendon reflexes | Enamel hypoplasia | Vomiting in early infancy | 1b | single | Ans. is `b' i.e., Reduced tendon reflexesReflexes are hyperactive. | Pediatrics | null |
c3de5d75-a399-417f-b329-6537de1bbc8f | Which of the following is least likely to cause constrictive pericarditis? | Tuberculous pericardial effusion | Staphylococcal effusion | Post cardiac surgery | Acute rheumatic fever | 3d | single | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1575 When pericarditis occurs in the absence of any obvious underlying disorder, the diagnosis of SLE may be suggested by a rise in the titer of antinuclear antibodies. Acute pericarditis is an occasional complication of rheumatoid ahritis, scleroderma, and polyaeritis nodosa, and other evidenc... | Medicine | C.V.S |
f7dc75ac-54b4-49e8-b90c-1e1b67940764 | During the treatment of septic shock, a 28-year-old male remains hypotensive despite adequate volume replacement; PA occlusion pressure is 18 mm Hg. When dopamine is staed , ventricular tachycardia develops and this is unresponsive to lidocaine. The V-tach conves back to sinus rhythm once the dopamine is stopped. At th... | Amrinone | Dobutamine | Epinephrine | Phenylephrine | 3d | multi | Dopamine activates b1-receptors and this was probably the reason for the arrhythmia. Amrinone will inhibit phosphodiesterase and result in an increased cyclic AMP level, producing the same result as b-receptor stimulation. Dobutamine and epinephrine also stimulate the b- receptors. The only choice which stimulates only... | Surgery | Shock |
e1ad736c-429e-4f81-b9df-2f2199d6939f | A 12-year-old boy presents with hematemesis, melena and mild splenomegaly. There is no obvious jaundice or ascites. The most likely diagnosis is: | Extrahepatic poal venous obstruction | Non-cirrhotic poal fibrosis | Cirrhosis | Hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction | 0a | single | Most likely diagnosis is Extrahepatic Poal Vein Obstruction Differences b/w EHPVO and NCPF EHPVO - Extra hepatic poal venous obstruction- usually seen in 1st to 2nd decade; splenomegaly is less common & if its present, It is only mild/moderate NCPF - Non-Cirrhotic poal fibrosis - in 2nd -4th decade; Splenomegaly is M/C... | Surgery | Poal Hypeension |
6d9bca45-86fd-48be-9827-eb90f6e4f0f0 | Gluten free diet is beneficial in – | Psoriasis | Exfoliative dermatitis | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Pemphigoid | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
5d128465-73c5-4bf2-a1eb-d8c6b5ad5e78 | All are features of mania, except: MP 07; Maharashtra 11; PGI 14 | Flight of ideas | Psychomotor agitation | Low self-esteem | Pressure to talk | 2c | multi | Ans. Low self-esteem | Forensic Medicine | null |
31d93260-3a3e-4626-a69c-d24005a5719f | Leishmania is cultured in ..... ...media? | Chocolate agar | NNN | Tellurite | Sabourauds | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., N.N.N. . L. donovani can be cultured in N.N.N. (Novy, Macneal and Nicolle) medium. . In N.N.N. medium amastigote form changes into promastigote form. | Microbiology | null |
884b09f5-46eb-4da0-9f96-ff626e39f3e1 | Brush burn is: AP 09 | Graze abrasion | Imprint abrasion | Electric burn | Arborescent burn | 0a | single | Ans. Graze abrasion | Forensic Medicine | null |
a7e1c37f-5761-4446-9b04-a3f9a5e77b47 | Anaesthesia contraindicated in volvulus of gut is : | Halothane | Nitrous oxide | Ketamine | Pancuronium | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
70518288-11d8-4309-8dab-b78394ea4faa | According to the WHO , what is the minimum bacteriological standard for drinking water - | All the samples should not contain coliform organisms | 3 consecutive samples of water should not contain any coliforms | 3 coliforms in a 100 ml water | 1 coliform in a 100 ml water | 0a | multi | Must not detect E. coli or thermotolerant bacteria in any 100 ml sample. Total coliform bacteria should be nil in any 100 ml sample Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 782 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health |
de068135-f6e9-457e-ab0f-fad45f476e45 | This technetium-99m sulfur colloid scan was performed after the patient presented with abdominal pain. Howell-Jolly bodies were present on a peripheral-blood smear. What is the diagnosis? | Hemochromatosis | Hydatidiform mole | Multiple myeloma | Pelvic spleen | 3d | single | Answer D. Pelvic spleenAbdominal imaging after injection of technetium-99m revealed a normal liver and a pelvic spleen. Pelvic spleen can be complicated by torsion of the pedicle. Howell-Jolly bodies suggest functional asplenia. | Medicine | Oncology |
6516c905-8230-4835-a28d-23e7de2e5d61 | Tap water scotochromogen is | Mycobacterium chelonae | Mycobacterium marinum | Mycobacterium kanasaii | Mycobacterium gordonae | 3d | single | M.gordonae often found in tap water (hence called 'the tap water scotochromogen'), is a common contaminant in clinical specimens and a rare cause of pulmonary disease. It differs from scrofulaceum in failing to hydrolyse urea, nicotinamide and pyrazinamide. Ref: Textbook of microbiology; Ananthanarayan and paniker's; 1... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
5df25ae0-9e4d-4ac3-9a4e-01a32a9e6df2 | Most common tumor of pineal gland is: | Hemangioma | Germinomas | Teratoma | Embryonal Carcinoma | 1b | single | Ans: B (Germinomas) Ref: Robbia's Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th ed, Pg: 1163Explanation:PINEAL GLANDThe rarity of clinically significant lesions (virtually only tumors) justifies brevity in the consideration of the pineal gland.It is a minute, pinecone-shaped organ , weighing 100 to 180 mg and lying between the supe... | Pathology | Tumors |
2248666b-6d1e-48a8-989e-333864177498 | Otitis and osteomyelitis is seen in | Hepatitis B vaccine | BCG | Measles vaccine | IPV | 1b | single | The most serious complication of BCG vaccination is disseminated BCG infection.The most frequent disseminated infection is BCG osteomyelitis (0.01-43 cases per million doses of vaccine administered) which usually occurs 4 months to 2 years after vaccination.Fatal disseminated BCG infection has occurred at a rate of 0.0... | Microbiology | All India exam |
0baafbde-92d9-4f08-9cf8-81cd62cb028f | What is the limit of eccentricity of an air rotor bur, beyond which it stops working | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
44d2e43a-67cb-464c-90d5-94a657867d74 | Felon is | Ulnar bursa infection | Mid palmar space infection | Terminal pulp space infection | Infection of ulnar bursa | 2c | single | (C) Terminal pulp space Infection # Infection of the terminal pulp space (syn. Felon) Pulp-space infection is the second most frequent infection of the hand (about 25 per cent of all cases ).> Index finger and the thumb are affected most often.> Origin of the infection is usually a prick.> Many hand infections will set... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
fa8d1d60-0b13-47a5-aa75-d2dd5187a7a4 | All are grass root worker's except - | Anganwadi workers | Traditional bih attendants | Village health guide | Health assitants | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Health assistants Gross root level workers are health workers at the lowest level, i.e., at village level. Health assistant work at subscentre and PHC levels. Primary health care in India Primary health care can he divided into followin2 levels ? 1. Village level (Grass root level) To implement policy... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
33b0bb3e-9ec8-43b0-a581-b3b8fb4d6d19 | The staging system for thymoma was developed by: | Masaoka | Yokohama | Todani | Kluive | 0a | single | The staging system for thymoma was developed by Masaoka The stage is increased on the basis of the degree of invasiveness. The 5-year survival in stage I, 96%; stage II, 86%; stage III, 69%; stage IV, 50%. The French Study Group on Thymic Tumors (GETT) has modified the Masaoka scheme based on the degree of surgical rem... | Medicine | null |
35ddc464-1957-4c75-94cb-8ce2eb612ef6 | Hemodialysis associated amyloid is deposited in - | Knee joint | Tongue | Liver | Tongue | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Knee joint Hemodialysis associated amyloid is deposited in synovium, Joints and tendon sheath. | Pathology | null |
c4b64dd2-895d-42bc-988c-39da7eb63704 | Most common lymph node involved in Hodgkin's lymphoma is? | Inguinal | Cervical | Axillary | Subclavian | 1b | single | Ans. (b) CervicalRef: Wintrobe's clinical hematology 12/e, chapter 96, Table 96.3, William's hematology 8/e, ch 99 | Medicine | Lymphoma |
8ca5cf29-4cef-4534-9227-8336afffe97c | In which TNM staging of glottis carcinoma, cancer limited to larynx w ith vocal cord fixation? (D. REPEAT 2012) | T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | 2c | single | Ref: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat by Dhingra, 5th edition. Chapter on Cancer LarynxExplanation:TNM STAGING OF CANCER GLOTTIS ( AMERICAN JOINT COMMITTEE ON CANCER,GlottisTl: Tumour confined to vocal cords with normal mobilityConfined to one vocal cord.Extending to both vocal cords.T2: Supraglottic or subglottic exte... | ENT | Tomour of Larynx |
fc8c76b9-faf4-4426-9a9e-9dd3de0e4ba6 | Which of the following does not bind to GABA receptor chloride channels - | Ethanol | Alphaxolone | Zolpidem | Buspirone | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Buspirone | Pharmacology | null |
244adc66-622f-47c1-9f4d-4f328199edb5 | Women undergoing infertility treatment are advised to avoid NSAIDs in preovulatory period because | Prostaglandins contribute to ovulation | NSAIDs inhibit LH surge | NSAIDs cause premature rupture of follicle | NSAIDs like aspirin cause endometrial shedding. | 0a | single | Prostaglandin stimulates smooth muscle contraction in ovary, contributing to ovulation. prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors if taken in pre ovulatory period can cause luteinized unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS). | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b01fa96b-7976-4a71-a709-10429d551a02 | The opioid contraindicated in patients on MAO inhibitor is | codeine | Morphine | Fentanyl | Buprenorphine | 2c | single | Some opioid analgesics are associated with a risk of serotonin syndrome in combinations with MAOIs due to their serotonergic propeies. 1. Dextromethorphan, 2. methadone, 3. pethidine, 4. tramadol or 5. fentanyl should be avoided in patients on MAO inhibitor. | Anaesthesia | Intravenous Anesthetic Agents |
77deaf85-52b0-454c-9161-152ccc45388d | Piezo electric scaler has a wavelength of: | 6000-9000 Hz | 9000-12000 Hz | 2000-30000 Hz | 20000-45000 Hz | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
597d58e5-8f2e-4cf4-8534-b3745f02531c | Mallet finger is due to - | Avulsion of extensor tendon from base of distal phalynx | Avulsion of flexor tendon from base of distal phalynx | Avulsion of extensor tendon from base of proximal phalynx | Avulsion of flexor tendon from base of proximal phalynx | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Avulsion of extensor tendon from base of distal phalynx Mallet finger (Base ball finger)* Sudden passive flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint (as by a ball striking the tip of the finger) may rupture the extensor tendon at the point of its insertion into the base of distal phalanx.* Sometimes, ... | Orthopaedics | Hand Injuries |
c54a68e0-9059-4f19-a57e-6a3034593bb7 | Which of the following is the most common extra-renal involvement in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease? | Mitral valve prolapsed | Hepatic cysts | Splenic cysts | Colonic diveiculosis | 1b | single | Hepatic cysts are the most common extrarenal manifestations of Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease. | Medicine | Polycystic Kidneys |
48cd464a-719e-44b5-be88-16c23ebdbcda | Which of the following drug is useful in the treatment of Malathion Poisoning: | Pralidoxime. | Rivastigmine. | Atropine. | d-Tubicuranine. | 0a | single | Pralidoxime is cholinesterase reactivator which is useful for the treatment of organophosphate poisoning. | Pharmacology | null |
42c0afff-46b9-4276-855b-f751fb5d4cc5 | Most sensitive test among the following: | Heat | Cold | EPT | None. | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
594bb33c-6ebe-4bd8-a1e1-8e0e34af9a2a | A patient presented with Tongue deviation on right side with ipsilateral atrophy. Which cranial nerve is damaged? | Ipsilateral XII | Contralateral XII | Ipsilateral X | Ipsilateral XI | 0a | single | (A) Ipsilateral XII # CN XII Hypoglossal Nerve:> Origin: Medulla> Innervation: Muscles of the tongue except Palatoglossus> Function: Movement of the tongue> Dysfunction: Unilateral lesions can cause paresis, atrophy, furrowing, fibrillation and fasciculation on the affected half.> On protrusion tongue deviates towards ... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
c158fb5c-1d1f-44ff-9046-506a96900c17 | Helicobacter pylori is not associated with | Gastrointestinal lymphoma | Gastric cancer | Gastric leiomyoma | Peptic ulcer | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
de746686-fd6e-40eb-9c47-d39b5a3e89d8 | Which of the following is not seen in Secondary Adrenal insufficiency | Pigmentation | Postural hypotension | Hypoglycemia | Lassitude | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pigmentation Addison's disease The predominant manifestations in Addison's disease occur due to mineralocoicoid deficiency but the symptoms are also contributed by glucocoicoid deficiency and increased ACTH FEATURES OF :- Mineralocoicoid deficiency Lack of aldosterone secretion greatly decreases renal... | Medicine | null |
54d7b858-9eee-4db9-8fce-ba9956a55fc9 | Somatic efferent does not include | Facial nerve | Oculomotor nerve | Abducent nerve | Trochlear nerve | 0a | single | Somatic efferent nerves, also called as general somatic efferent (GSE) nerves, supply skeletal muscle of somatic origin ( muscles of eye and tongue).
Somatic efferent nerves include,
Oculomotor nerve - 3rd nerve
Trochlear nerve - 4th nerve
Abducent nerve - 6th nerve
Hypoglossal nerve - 12th nerve | Anatomy | null |
3d1dd3d2-036f-442f-9ea8-031e845f0451 | Granular casts in urine are? | Regarded as normal | Hyaline casts embedded with RBC | Made up of mucoprotein substances | Formed in the DCT | 1b | single | On microscopic examination of urine, presence of granular cast ,RBC ,bacteria glucose, albumin, ketone bodies is abnormal granular cast are the hyaline casts embedded with RBC or WBC or these are degenerate glomerular cells or tubular epithelial cells in large number Their presence indicates renal destruction of glomer... | Physiology | Renal physiology |
fb192706-e608-4bcf-962c-4bcd4edef314 | The drug which is not suitable for patients with acute porphyria for intravenous induction is: | Thiopentone sodium | Propofol | Midazolam | Etomidate | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thiopentone sodium It has been repeated so many times that barbiturates can induce fatal attacks of porphyria in patients with acute intermittent or variegate porphyria and are contraindicated in such patients.Also know | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
e5acdfd7-4467-4ad9-bc81-1e0a9eb646f9 | Endaeritis obliterans is seen in | Marfan's syndrome | Turner's syndrome | Neurosyphilis | Ankylosing spondylitis | 2c | single | Ref Davidsons 23e p1125 | Medicine | Immune system |
1fc0628b-0add-4b72-860c-06ba8437cdbd | "Multibacillary" is a spectrum of disease seen in - | Leprosy | TB | Tetanus | Trachoma | 0a | single | Operational classification of Leprosy (According to skin smear positivity) to serve as a basis for chemotherapy Paucibacillary Leprosy (PBL) Multibacillary Leprosy (MBL) BI <2 BI >= 2 Included types Indeterminate Polar tuberculoid (TT) Border Tuberculoid (BT) Polar lepromatous (LL) Borderline lepromatous (BL) Mid-borde... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
4660d939-6e6b-46da-91de-9abfec44b195 | Eruption of Mandibular 1st premolar occur at | 8-9 years | 6 years | 4 years | 10-12 year | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
fed10ff6-5993-4071-9efe-f314e91680f6 | Most fatal amoebic encephalitis is caused by - | E.histolytica | Naeglaria | E.dispar | Acanthamoeba | 1b | single | The parasite invades the cribriform plate and travels along the olfactory nerves to brain leading to a rapidly fatal infection known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.It occurs in young adults and children with a recent history of swimming in fresh water (refer pgno:25 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
115cd6e0-a168-43e5-bd6e-3732fca0e23d | Functional residual capacity represents the volume of air remaining in lungs | After forceful expiration | After forceful inspiration | After normal inspiration | After normal expiration | 3d | single | Functional residual capacity * Functional residual capacity is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after expiration of a normal breath * Normal value - 2.5 L * (Residual volume + Expiratory reserve volume) Ref:- Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology 25th ed; pg num:- 629 | Physiology | Respiratory system |
e79c2287-24d4-4d26-997c-1925c8e60530 | A nurse is evaluating a client who is HIV positive who is prescribed with Pentamidine (Pentam) IV for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Which of the following assessment after the administration is the most important to relay to the physician? | Blood pressure of 100/62 mm/Hg. | Redness and pain at the site of the infusion. | Sudden sweating and hunger. | Unusual taste or dryness in the mouth. | 2c | single | Pentamidine can cause fatal hypoglycemia, so symptoms such as sudden sweating and hunger are indicative of a low blood sugar indicates a need for change in the treatment.
Option A: A low blood pressure may indicate the need of a slower infusion.
Option B: Redness and Pain is a sign for the nurse to establish a new IV ... | Medicine | null |
bd68de5f-2120-4910-bc8a-5769f10beac6 | Apical constriction is otherwise known as | Minor diameter | Major diameter | Radiographic apex | Tooth apex | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
3b1ffd98-0cde-4f2e-936e-ce48d487897f | Long term fluctuation is seen with | secular trends | epidemics | cyclic trends | seasonal trends | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e73073bc-aedc-4384-b03f-66dd641bdcca | The following are features of polycythemia rubra vera, except - | Increased red cell mass | Low aerial oxygen saturation | Presence of JAK2 mutation | Splenomegaly | 1b | multi | <p>In PV, the major pathogenetic mechanism is a tyrosine kinase JAK2 mutation which removes the autoinhibitory control & activates the kinases.</p><p>Due to erythrocytosis, red cell mass will be increased .Splenomegaly produces abdominal fullness.But in PV, oxygen saturation will be high.</p><p>Reference :Harsh mohan t... | Medicine | Haematology |
88ecc9d0-3309-4068-b05e-dfb5c1ba0213 | A 5-year-old unimmunized child presented with high fever, sore throat, dysphagia & voice change. Throat swab from a whitish lesion showed the following diagnosis. | Diphtheria | Mumps | Pertussis | Streptococcal pharyngitis | 0a | single | a. DiphtheriaOn Albert staining, C. diphtheriae appears green colored rod shaped bacteria with bluish black metachromatic granules at the poles | Pediatrics | General Considerations - Infectious Diseases |
ca852c91-1dcd-4469-ba5f-1516b88d3561 | Myocardial abscess is most common in acute endocarditis caused by- | Streptococcus viridans | Enterococci | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Staphylococcus aureus | 3d | single | Ans. is `d' i.e., Staphylococcus aureus | Pathology | null |
06a5cbc0-88a6-41bd-882c-b46d272470fa | Heat stiffening occurs when body is exposed to: AIIMS 12 | 30degC | 40degC | 50degC | > 60degC | 3d | single | Ans. > 60degC | Forensic Medicine | null |
ee6a6d5f-2475-4d71-8243-74d8644bb058 | All of the following are true about Krukenberg's tumor except : | Has a rough surface | Shape of ovary is maintained | Usually bilateral | Arises usually form stomach carcinom | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. Has a rough surface Krukenberg tumour : Krukenberg tumour by definition represent carcinoma of stomach metastasised to ovary. But the eponym is commonly used to denote any gastric carier metastatic to ovary Tumour arise by retrograde lymphatic spreaddeg i.e. carcinoma cells pass from the stomach to the s... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8409d5fb-12f5-4f34-8bbc-f0804e110472 | Which one of the following is used as an irrigation solution during transurethral resection of the prostate- | 1.5% glycine | Physiological saline | Ringer's lactate | 5% dextrose | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
c3e9d4f8-3bc5-469c-9be6-d55ed74163f3 | A 30-year-old man is evaluated for persistent cough, night sweats, low-grade fever, and general malaise. A chest X-ray reveals findings "consistent with a Ghon complex." Sputum cultures grow acid-fast bacilli. Examination of hilar lymph nodes in this patient would most likely demonstrate which of the following patholog... | Caseous necrosis | Coagulative necrosis | Fat necrosis | Fibrinoid necrosis | 0a | single | The answer is A: Caseous necrosis. Grossly, necrosis in tuberculosis has a granular, cheesy appearance and is therefore called caseous necrosis. Microscopically, this necrotic material appears as amorphous, structureless, eosinophilic, granular debris, with complete loss of cellular details (as opposed to coagulative n... | Pathology | Irreversible cell Injury/Necrosis |
3540f77d-ca06-4696-8e1d-2f5f35296c54 | Most common ligament injured in ankle sprain? | Anterior talofibular | Posterior talofibular | Deltoid | Calcaneofibular | 0a | single | Ans. A. Anterior talofibular. (Ref. Maheshwari orthopaedics 3rd/pg. 140)Maheshwari orthopaedics 3rd/pg. 140:"Commonly the lateral collateral ligament is sprained, mostly so anterior talo-fibular component".SPRAINED ANKLEDefinition:# Term used for ligamnet injuries of the ankle.# Commonly the lateral collateral ligament... | Orthopaedics | Injuries to the Leg, Ankle & Foot |
9ccffe7c-9028-40c6-ac33-d1009486c1f9 | Keshan disease in due to deficiency of | Selenium | Copper | Zinc | Iron | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Selenium Keshan disease Cardiomyopathy associated with selenium deficiency. Wilson disease Autosomal recessive. Defective metabolism of copper leads to copper toxicity. Deficiency of ceruloplasmin. Presence of KF ring in cornea. Acrodermatitis enteropathica Deficiency of zinc. Dermatitis of extremitie... | Pediatrics | null |
640f46a4-41e3-4af7-8231-eb9ef1dba048 | Neural ectoderm derivatives are: | Corneal stroma | Cilliary epithelium | Iris stroma | Corneal epithelium | 1b | single | B i.e. Cilliary epithelium; E i.e. Sphincter and dilator pupillae musclesNeural crest cells form the mesenchyme of head & neck and contribute to most of the eye including endothelium of cornea & trabecular meshworkQ stroma of cornea, iris, ciliary body and choroid; melanocytes of conjunctiva & uvea; ciliary muscle gang... | Anatomy | null |
a6750f68-9747-439f-809a-d6a68b5b2d68 | Cantrell pentology include all except – | VSD | ASD | TOF | Trisomy 21 | 3d | multi | Pentalogy of Cantrell is named after James R. Cantrell, a pediatric surgeon . The pentalogy of Cantrell is an extremely rare phenomenon with an incidence estimated at around 6 per million live births.
It encompasses the following 5 main features.
Pericardial or distal sternal cleft
Supraumbilical omphalocele
Diaphragma... | Pediatrics | null |
9dc5109b-0035-4aa5-a743-2dc2ca17339d | Pus discharge (crviitis/urethritis) in a female caused by | Papilloma | Chlamydia | Candida | Bacterial Vaginosis | 1b | single | (Chlamydia): (144-45- Dutta Gynae 6th edition; 123. 160 161 -Dutta Gynae 6th)CHLAMYDIAL INFECTIONS - The infection is mostly localized in the urethra, Bartholins gland and cervix* Mucopurulent cervical discharge, cervical oedema, cervical ectopy cervical friabilityComplication - Urethritis and bartholinitis are manifes... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
dd83d3ad-3ce6-4e29-8b9b-1fab6eeb22e5 | All of the following are diagnostic features of illeocecal tuberculosis on barium follow through, except: | Apple-core sign | Pulled up contracted angle | Widening of ileocecal angle | Strictures involving the terminal ileum | 0a | multi | Apple core sign is a feature of carcinoma of colon, not ileocecal tuberculosis. Pulled up contracted angle, widening of ileocecal angle and strictures involving the terminal ileum are all signs of ileocecal tuberculosis. Ref: Clinical Medicine a Practical Manual for Students and Practice By Agarwal, Page 244; Journal o... | Radiology | null |
4f1345e6-e2c8-4bba-9544-460ba91ddd14 | Vanilloid receptors are activated by: | Pain | Vibration | Touch | Pressure | 0a | single | A i.e. Pain | Physiology | null |
6387eb9c-de1f-4782-835b-d98cb7980d74 | Functional cast bracing not used in fracture of ? | Humerus | Tibia | Ulna | Thoracolumbar spine | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Thoracolumbar spine Functional cast bracing is used for the fracture of :- Humerus Femur Ulna Tibia | Surgery | null |
c8c56bbc-b0c2-4004-892e-62524d0c075e | A child with pellagra like symptoms, amino acids in urine, family history of one siblings affected and three normal. Parents are normal. What is the diagnosis? | Phenylketonuria | Alkaptonuria | Maple syrup urine disease | Hanup's disease | 3d | single | Diagnosis is Hanup's disease. autosomal recessive (normal carrier parents with 25% of their children are affected) There is failure to reabsorb tryptophan from urine.So, tryptophan comes in urine (Aminoaciduria) . Patient has Pellagra like symptoms (as Tryptophan forms Niacin - Vitamin B3 in body). Fig:-NORMAL AND ABNO... | Biochemistry | Tryptophan metabolism detail |
e7c3b25e-60dc-4c98-af9f-dde175b580c4 | Vaccine for post splenectomy infection is given against all except : | Streptococcus pneumonia | Haemophilia influenza | Neisseria meningitides | E.coli | 3d | multi | Splenectomy : Most serious sequela is overwhelming postsplenectomy infection (OPSI), with meningitis, pneumonia, or bacteraemia OPSI is typically caused by polysaccharide-encapsulated organisms, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis & Hemophilus influenzae When elective splenectomy us planned, vaccin... | Surgery | G.I.T |
01149a63-70cc-41f8-ae04-e67940b4a9b4 | Postmenopausal hormone that shows an increase is | Progesterone | Estrogen | FSH | Androgen | 2c | single | In postmenopause fsh levels increase Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:636,637,638 | Physiology | Endocrinology |
7ba04505-3938-47ab-852e-d4113b1ba1f2 | Chief artery of the lateral surface of the cerebral hemisphere - | Anterior cerebral artery | Posterior cerebral artery | Middle cerebral artery | Posterior inferior cerebellar artery | 2c | single | Ans-B | Unknown | null |
b17ae7f6-cd30-4837-b999-439f3d4db15f | A radiolucent lesion in the posterior part of the mandible,
anterior to the angle, has radiographic features of a cyst. After surgical intervention, the histology reports shows submaxillary salivary gland tissue, one may conclude the lesion is likely | Residual cyst | Traumatic bone cyst | Stafne's bone cyst | A lingual mandibular bone cavity | 2c | single | A Stafne bone cyst (Stafne defect, static bone defect) is not a true cyst. It represents a developmental defect in which the submandibular gland causes a depression on the lingual aspect of the mandible. This depression either contains a portion of submandibular salivary gland tissue or fibrous tissue and muscle. These... | Radiology | null |
9083b0b0-b033-4eb9-8000-cdee805c15de | The lingual surface of the primary maxillary Central incisor closely resembles: | Mandibular central incisor. | Mandibular lateral incisor. | Maxillary lateral incisor. | All of the above. | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
cc9cc2a5-c47f-4e82-bbb6-a85dd4b9eae4 | Drug of choice for obsessive-compulsive disorder is:March, 2005, September 2009 | Seraline | Alprazolam | Chlorpromazine | Fluoxetine | 3d | single | Ans. D: FluoxetineThe two medications proven to be most effective in the treatment of OCD are tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).Serotonin is a chemical in the brain called a neurotransmitter that may be imbalanced in people with OCD.While both drugs are very effective,... | Psychiatry | null |
806e55ca-d459-4f55-ae3c-31b4a9f27869 | Nimodipine is used in the management of? | Subdural hemorrhage | Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Extradural hemorrhage | Intraventricular hemorrhage | 1b | single | MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF SAH MAINTAIN ADEQUATE CEREBRAL PERFUSION PRESSSURE- If the patient is ale, it is reasonable to lower the systolic blood pressure to below 160 mmHg using nicardipine, labetalol, or esmolol. If the patient has a depressed level of consciousness, ICP should be measured and the cerebral perfusion pres... | Medicine | Brain Hemorrhage |
346a2d0c-82b5-41cd-94fb-1dcab6782be0 | Early diagnosis of active hepatitis B Infection is done by: | IgM HBcAg antibody | HBsAg | HBcAg | IgE HBsAg antibody | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
028a5141-6536-4c8b-8675-e5c59daacd36 | Selenium is present in which enzyme - | Glutathione reductase | Glutathione peroxidase | Glutathione deiodinase | Thioredoxine peroxidase | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Glutathione peroxidase * Selenium is a trace element that acts as a cofactor for the following enzymes1. Glutathione peroxidase# Glutathione is an antioxidant which is effective in detoxifying hydrogen peroxideH2O2 + 2GSH -> GS - SG + 2H2O# The hydrogen atoms from GSH get added to hydrogen peroxidase ... | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals |
69964aa2-8c8d-49a0-a3aa-168008598de2 | A 64 year old man, has had recurring nasal hemorrhages following surgery to remove nasal polyps. To control the bleeding, the surgeon is considering ligating the primary aerial supply to the nasal mucosa. This aery is a direct branch of which of the following aeries? | Facial aery | Maxillary aery | Superficial temporal aery | Superior labial aery | 1b | single | The major source of blood supply to the nasal mucosa is the sphenopalatine aery, which is the terminal branch of the maxillary aery. The sphenopalatine aery enters the nasal cavity from the pterygopalatine fossa by passing through the sphenopalatine foramen in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. | Anatomy | null |
4d704a65-1281-41ef-a70e-245e5bfe118a | The following are live attenuated vaccine, except- | Oral poilio | Yellow fever | Measles | Influenza | 0a | multi | oral polio vaccines were first introduced by Sabin in 1957.it contains live attenuated strains of virus type 1,2, and 3.grown in primary monkey kidney or h7man diploid cell cultureref;parks tectbook,ed22,pg 187 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
5a57d0b0-5976-4024-ae88-0a41d63b9279 | Which of the following has Autosomal Recessive inheritance? | Hereditary spherocytosis | Sickle cell anaemia | Osteogenesis imperfecta | VWD | 1b | single | Sickle cell disease is a common hereditary hemoglobinopathy caused by point mutation resulting in replacement of Glutamic acid by Valine at 6th position of b-globin chain. Autosomal Recessive inheritance Autosomal Dominant (A Very DOMINANT Hereditary Family) Autosomal Recessive (ABCDEFGH'S) Achondroplasia/ADPKD Von Hip... | Pathology | FMGE 2019 |
3c1e2a1d-9493-4a48-93f8-4d452e62d3c2 | All are involved in metabolism of vitamin D except- | Liver | Kidney | Skin | Lungs | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Lungso This question is a repeat from AI -06.o Following organs are involved in calcium metabolism through vitamin D:-i) Skin- Synthesis of 7-dehydrocholesterol which is converted to cholecalceferol (vitamin D,) by sunlight.ii) Liver- Converts cholecalceferol to calcifediol by enzyme 25-hydroxylase.ii... | Physiology | Endocrinology metabolism |
839adaa7-d8d2-40a4-b719-425c2f9c1d14 | Lung head ratio is useful in diagnosis of: | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | Sequestration | Ileal atresia | Esophageal atresia | 0a | single | A useful index of severity for patients with left Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia is the lung-to-head ratio (LHR), which is the product of the length and the width of the right lung at the level of the cardiac atria divided by the head circumference (all measurements in millimeters). It helps in predicting prognosis. R... | Surgery | null |
38e4bc8a-8d41-4285-8cde-bc763e1baadc | A 54-year-old, previously healthy man has experienced minor fatigue on exertion for the past 9 months. On physical examination, there are no remarkable findings. Laboratory studies show hemoglobin of 11.7 g/dL, hematocrit of 34.8%, MCV of 73 mm3, platelet count of 315,000/ mm3, and WBC count of 8035/ mm3. Which of the ... | Bone marrow biopsy | Hemoglobin electrophoresis | Serum ferritin | Serum haptoglobin | 2c | single | With RBC microcytosis, iron deficiency anemia must be considered. It could be a nutritional deficiency in children and pregnant women, but more likely is due to chronic blood loss in adults. The ferritin concentration is a measure of storage iron because it is derived from the total body storage pool in the liver, sple... | Pathology | Blood |
c3bbc34b-c821-4ba0-8a36-4869d7fab4bf | Which enzymatic mutation is responsible for immoality of cancer cells : | DNA reverse transciptase | RNA polymerase | Telomerase | DNA polymerase | 2c | single | C i.e. Telomerase | Biochemistry | null |
a3438e9e-748e-4fd7-b80c-d31c2bda0661 | Which of the following parasite does not enter into the body by skin penetration - | Dracunculus | Necatar americanus | Ancylostoma duodenale | Stronglyoides | 0a | single | Human becomes infected by drinking unfiltered water containing infective cyclops The third stage larvae is infective form and is present in the haemocoele of these infected cyclops. When infective cyclops are digested by gastric acidity and the larvae are released (refer pgno:175 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
40a4a037-0436-4f17-b64e-ec97502e7545 | Florid duct lesions are diagnostic of | Klatskin tumor | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Primary biliary cirrhosis | Secondary biliary cirrhosis | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Primary biliary cirrhosis(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 858; 8th/pg 867)In Primary biliary cirrhosis: Interlobular bile ducts are actively destroyed by lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with or without granulomas (the florid duct lesion) | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract |
278698c3-ec9f-4a22-9181-cfa40dcc531b | Human development index includes all of the following, except: | Adult literacy rate | Life expectancy at bih | Income | Infant moality rate | 3d | multi | Infant moality rate | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
1f4c47f4-f28d-425d-a380-42c9f931189a | A 6 year old presents with a swelling which seems to be fluid filled translucent mass in supraclavicular area. It most likely represents: | Throglossal duct Cyst | Branchial cyst | Cystic hygroma | Lymphoma | 2c | single | Cystic hygroma | Surgery | null |
21849226-ac57-4efa-81b4-12e08416a245 | Saliva is | Hypeonic | Hypotonic | Isotonic | At first hypeonic, then isotonic | 1b | single | Saliva has a pH normal range of 6.2-7.6 with 6.7 being the average pH. Resting pH of mouth does not fall below 6.3. In the oral cavity, the pH is maintained near neutrality (6.7-7.3) by saliva. The saliva contributes to maintenance of the pH by two mechanisms Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 editi... | Physiology | G.I.T |
58aefee3-847d-48da-8918-4ffbf02434c2 | A patient in ICU was on invasive monitoring with intra aerial canulation through right radial aery for last 3 days. Later he developed swelling and discolouration of right hand. The next line of management is | Stellate ganglion block | Brachial Block | Radial Nerve block | Celiac plexus block | 0a | single | A i.e. Stellate ganglion block The patient has developed vasospasm (reflex sympathetic dystrophy) as indicated by development of swelling & discolouration of hand Stellate (Cervicothoracic) Block in reality blocks upper thoracic and cervical ganglion. It is indicated in : - Reflex sympathetic dystrophyQ - Vasospastic d... | Anaesthesia | null |
432b0248-5082-4d37-baf7-8934e501275a | Most impoant prognostic factor for colorectal carcinoma is : | Site of lesion | Stage of lesion | Age of patient | Lymph node status | 1b | single | Answer is B (Stage of lesion) The most impoant prognostic factor of colorectal carcinoma is the 'stage of disease'.. The 'stage of disease' gives information related to depth of penetration into bowel wall and extent of regional lymph node spread, both of which are the two most impoant independent prognostic. factors. ... | Medicine | null |
b244e303-c9ee-4c9b-b147-5882eebc81e2 | Bronchial asthma is associated with raised levels of | Leukotrienes | PGI2 | PGE2 | Thromboxane | 0a | single | Acute asthma attacks are often triggered by allergens or exercise. Inflammatory molecules called leukotrienes are one of several substances which are released by mast cells during an asthma attack, and it is leukotrienes which are primarily responsible for the bronchoconstriction Ref Davidson edition23rd pg 575 | Medicine | Respiratory system |
9c8c25d1-f777-4b6b-b33a-f669e561fd3c | The minimum age at which an individual is responsible for his criminal act is – | 12 years | 7 years | 16 years | 21 years | 1b | single | According to sec. 82 IPC nothing is an offence which is done by a child under seven years of age. | Forensic Medicine | null |
52d099f6-3806-45e6-90f6-51062dfd9852 | Weight gain is seen in all except: | Cushings syndrome | Hypothyroidism | Pheochromocytoma | Insulinoma | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Pheochromocytoma): Pheochronsocytoma is associated with weight loss. Cushing's syndrome, Hypothyroidism and Insulinoma are all associated with weight gain | Medicine | null |
4b8e0ef7-ede8-448e-90dd-7aecc5976c67 | In cirrhosis in space of disse which type of collagen accumulates - | Type I & Type II | Type I & III | Type IV | Type I & IV | 1b | single | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. fibrosis in the liver mobiles may be poal- central, poal poal, or both. The mechanism of fibrosis is by increased synthesis of type1 and type3 collagen in the space of disse. There is proliferation of fat storing Ito, uderlyig the sinus epithelium, which are transformed int... | Pathology | General pathology |
e439af6c-ddcc-4120-abf4-d94b4636ca6c | Which one of the following hepatic lesions can be diagnosed- with high accuracy by using nuclear imaging - | Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Hepatic Adenoma | Focal Nodular Hyperplasia | Cholangiocarcinoma | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
af14cf98-ec7a-41e0-a0fe-1c310bc8ce4b | Bull's eye retinopathy is seen in: | Chloroquine | Methanol | Ethambutol | Steroids | 0a | single | 1. Autosomal-dominant, benign, concentric annular macular dystrophy 2. Ceroid lipofuscinosis *3. Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine retinopathy 4. Cone dystrophy 5. Hereditary ataxia 6. NARP syndrome 7. Spielmeyer-Vogt syndrome (Batten-Mayou syndrome) *8. Stargardt disease (or fundus flavimaculatus) 9. Trauma 10. Unknow... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
d57c4e59-c4de-4779-a291-1007093a56bd | A patient with abdominal wall desmoids tumor should be screened for | Lung cancer | Breast cancer | Colonic Polyps | Pancreatic cancer | 2c | multi | Desmoid TumourTumour arising in the musculoaponeurotic structures of the abdominal wall, especially below the level of the umbilicus.It is a completely unencapsulated fibroma. Distribution: Extra-abdominal (60%), abdominal wall (25%), intra-abdominal (15%).Some cases recur repeatedly in spite of apparently adequate exc... | Pathology | All India exam |
c5ccdfe1-f8a1-4d9b-ba7a-63cd0c22efd7 | Which is most specific for Alcholic liver disease | AST | ALT | GGT | ALP | 2c | single | AST: ALT ratio of 3:1 is highly specific
Next is GGT | Medicine | null |
c2a92350-84e7-4cbd-a70c-5cdcf6fb1ed7 | Retroauricular incision is also known as? | Rosens incision | Lempert's-I incision | Lemperts-II incision | Wilde's incision | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) Wilde's incisionREF: Dhingra 4th ed page 356SURGICAL APPROACHES TO THE EAR AND INCISIONSTympanomeatal or Endomeatal or transcanal approachRosen's incision: It consists of two parts; (a) a small vertical incision at 12 o'clock position near the annulus & (b) a curvilinear incision starting at 6 o'clock posit... | ENT | Diagnostic & Operative ENT |
7640f38d-595a-48b3-989d-cc6507882a22 | Laser used in LASIK? | Excimer | Argon | Holmium | Nd-Yag | 0a | single | Ans. A. Excimer. (Ref. Parsons' diseases of Eye 21st/ pg. 76)In LASIK, the Excimer laser beam LASIK with the excimer laser is the most popular and widely accepted Rx modality for myopia among all the choice available today. Surgical correction is only undertaken in individuals 21 years of age and above who have a stabl... | Ophthalmology | Errors of Refraction |
a6db51df-3b1f-4aa4-9df1-ab757e6b43c0 | Norplant is : | Subcutaneous implant | Non steroidal PIU | Depot tablet | Intra uterine contraceptive device (IUCD) | 0a | single | Subcutaneous implant | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
bda85330-0fbf-4613-8c3f-461d2b9b32dd | Which of the following liver tumors always merit surgery? | Hemangioma | Hepatic adenoma | Focal nodular hyperplasia | Peliosis hepatis | 1b | single | Hepatic adenoma - As no characteristic radiological features to differentiate these lesions from malignant tumor. These tumors are thought to have malignant potential and resection is therefore the treatment of choice. Peliosis hepatis -Multiple small hemangiomas spread across the liver and is associated with immunosup... | Surgery | Liver |
fde92847-abeb-4167-b000-04d85dcc8f0f | Bronchogenic sequestration is seen in which lobe- | Left lower lobe | Right upper lobe | Left middle lobe | Left upper lobe | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Left lower lobe o Bronchogenic sequestration refers to the presence of a discrete mass of lung tissue without any normal connection to the airway system.o Intralobar sequestrations are found most frequently in the posterior basal segment of the left lower lobe,o Blood supply to the sequestered area ar... | Pathology | Respiration |
33086ce5-d7aa-4358-947d-6e764fe22069 | Lesion of globus pallidus causes- | Chorea | Athetosis | Hemibalismus | Flexion dystonia | 1b | multi | Ans is 'b' i.e., Athetosis Clinical syndromes which result from damage to Basal gangliao AthetosisQo Continuous writhing movement of the hand, arm, neck or face,o Occurs due to lesion in globus palliduso HemiballismusQo Sudden flailing movement of an entire limbo Occurs due to lesion in subthalamic nucleuso ChoreaQo Fl... | Medicine | Miscellaneous (C.N.S.) |
4d71324f-948f-4889-b60d-8ba88585bf02 | The space maintainer which is contraindicated in a child
suffering from sub acute bacterial endocarditis is | Removable | Crown and loop | Band and Loop | Distal shoe | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
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