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9b8efdec-6066-4ae4-9246-7408d64319a2 | Female menstrual cycle is diagnosed by | Sex steroid profile | Basal body temperature | Vaginal cell cytology | Cervical mucus test | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
1849ad68-5bee-4287-8105-ad56af89fbe7 | HIV infects which of the following cells? | NK cells | T-helper cells | T suppressor cells | Plasma cells | 1b | single | Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, 8th edition, .4 nanthna ray an and Paniker, Page 572Explanation:Infection is initiated by HIV after contact with a suitable host cell, namely the T-helper cell or CD4 lymphocyte.Receptor for HIV is - CD4 antigen borne primarily on CD4+ (helper/inducer) T lymphocyte, for which the cheinoki... | Microbiology | Human Immunodeficiency Virus |
fea0ac50-cd25-4dd9-b58a-d01fb90b00ab | If blindness is surveyed using schools as compared to population surveys, then estimation of prevalence of blindness will have ? | Overestimation | Underestimation | Remains same | None of them is used for evaluation | 1b | multi | Blindness situation in India
Estimated prevalence of blindness in India (total) : 11.2 per 1000 population.
Estimated prevalence of blindness in India (0-14 years) : 0.1 per 1000 population.
Estimated prevalence of blindness in India (15-49 years) : 0.6 per 1000 population.
Estimated prevalence of blindness in India (... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
51823b8b-2f6c-4d3b-af7c-bec6e5f81610 | Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a late neurological complication associated with infection due to: | Measles virus | Mumps virus | Rubella virus | Parainfluenza virus | 0a | single | a. Measles virus(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 1542-1547', Ghai 8/e p 213-214)Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic complication of measles with a delayed onset & fatal outcome. | Pediatrics | General Considerations - Infectious Diseases |
55037697-46b2-458c-8d6d-8c68e26b3479 | Ectopic rest of normal tissue is known as? | Hamartoma | Choristoma | Lymphoma | Teratoma | 1b | single | Ectopic rest of normal tissue is choristoma.
Abnormally arranged tissue present at normal site is hamartoma. | Pathology | null |
286d561d-c359-445b-81e4-d5988163d2c5 | True about use of NSAIDs in Abnormal uterine bleeding is all except | Prostaglandins have role in pathogenesis of endometrial dysfunction. | Women lose 90 % of menstrual blood volume in first 3 days, so NSAIDs are used just prior to onset. | Reduce menstrual blood loss by 25%. | Commenced just prior to start of menses and continued upto day of ovulation (day 14). | 3d | multi | NSAIDs are taken only during menstruation. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8a6617e0-d44c-42f1-9e25-ed481dbc9b61 | The influenza virus has - | 5 segments of SS RNA | 8 Segments of ds DNA | 8 segments of ssDNA | 8 segments of ssRNA | 3d | single | Influenza virus
Belong to orthomyxoviridae → Envelope, RNA virus
Contain single stranded RNA which is segmented → 8 pieces
There are three viral subtypes
1. Type A → Causes all pandemics and most of the epidemics
2 Type B → Can cause epidemics
3. Type C → Causes endemic infection
Three types of influenza viruses... | Microbiology | null |
979a9e8a-1975-488a-9059-335f889b484a | A 26yr old female presented with complaints of coloured
halos, matted and sticky eyelids since 3 days. On examination,
visual acuity was normal. Most common organism causing
this condition is | Gonococcus | Pneumococcus | Staphylococcus aureus | Streptococcus hemolyticus | 2c | single | The Clinical scenario gives the diagnosis of Acute mucoopurulent conjunctivitis which is most commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. | Ophthalmology | null |
7c033913-6f4c-4aeb-868d-950630aa1e76 | The following antibiotic accentuates the neuromu-scular blockade produced by pancuronium: | Streptomycin | Erythromycin | Penicillin G | Chloramphenicol | 0a | single | (Ref: KDT 6e p721, 722) Aminoglycosides (like streptomycin and gentamicin) can accentuate the neuromuscular blockade produced by competitive blockers (like pancuronium). Mechanism of neuromuscular blockade produced by aminoglycosides is the inhibition of presynaptic release of ACh. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
64259c17-e644-4ef7-885c-6847df151587 | Chemical name for estasy is - | MDMA | MDHA | EDHA | MDAM | 0a | single | Ecstasy is a designer drug used in rave paies Drugs Street names MDMA(3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) Ecstasy, X, M,rolls GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate) G, liquidecstasy, soap Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) Mexicanvalium, circles Ketamine (Ketalar) K, Special K,jet Ref: Rave drugs, Wikipedia. | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
7655dc1d-c44c-40c8-a460-e8e74e4efde5 | Which is NOT used in treatment of heroin dependence | Disulfiram | Buprenorphine | Clonidine | methadone | 0a | single | SYMPTOMATIC DETOXIFICATION Patients withdrawal symptoms is treated with suppoive care Anti-spasmodic for abdominal cramps Anti-diarrheal for diarrheas Anti-emetics for vomiting Sedatives for reduction of anxiety Clonidine 0.1mg four times a day Antispasmodic Sedatives AGONIST ASSOSIATED DETOXIFICATION Methadone====== i... | Anatomy | Substance abuse |
21336a15-1cd3-43b5-a965-fd9696a04076 | Best source of vitamin D - | Fish liver | Egg yolk | Milk | Papaya | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fish liver* Though vitamin D is synthesised when UV B photons strike 7 dehydrocholesterol of malphigian layer of skin epidermis, vitamin D is still considered as an essential micronutrient because Vitamin D produced from sunlight is not sufficient. Hence we are dependent on vitamin D supplementation i... | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals |
d14a0ee5-29ed-4948-92b8-de5989da96fa | Which of the following beta blocker doesn't cause bradycardia? | Pindolol | Labetalol | Bisoprolol | Atenolol | 0a | single | Ans. A. PindololPindolol is beta blocker with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. These drugs themselves activate beta 1/2 sub maximally. | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
7bb9f675-d495-49e4-bab0-71b92be96346 | All are true of tinea Versicolor except - | Drug of choice is griseofulvin | The causative agent is Malassezia furfur | Wool lamp shows yellow fluorescence | KOH mount shows meatball and spaghetti appearance | 0a | multi | Ans-ATinea VersicolorCausative agent: Pitryrosporuni orbiculare (Malassezia furfur)It is a superficial fungal infection of the skin caused by Malassezia furfur and related fungiThe yeast phase was known as Pityrosporum orbiculare (round); Pityrosporum ovale (oval)Now the genus Pityrosporum is considered invalidM. sympo... | Unknown | null |
5d9acfe7-a925-4c3b-85ce-41510a105419 | The antibody iso-type associated with the mucosal immune system | IgA | IgD | IgE | IgM | 0a | single | (A) IgA # Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues lining the gut are known as gut-associated lymphoid tissue or GALT. The tonsils and adenoids form a ring, known as Waldeyer's ring, at the back of the mouth at the entrance of the gut and airways.> The mucosal immune system contains a distinctive repertoire of lymphocytes> S... | Microbiology | Misc. |
51ca3ca9-3660-4d58-972f-2249ba78c626 | Associated with objective tinnitus? | Meiners disease | Acoustic neuroma | Ear wax | Glomus tumor | 3d | single | Ans. is `d' i.e., Glomus tumor Tinnitus Tinnitus is ringing sound or noise in the ear. The characteristic feature is that the origin of this sound is within the patient. Two types of tinnitus have been described : ? a. Subjective I. Otologic II . Non-otologic Impacted wax Disease of CNS Fluid in the middle ear Anaemia ... | ENT | null |
f38ff689-8eef-404e-a89a-223a15dd3b3d | A baby is born with a flat facial profile, prominent epicanthal folds, and simian crease. She vomits when fed, and upper GI studies demonstrate gas in the stomach and duodenal bulb. Which of the following cardiovascular abnormalities might this child also have? | Atrial septal defect | Berry aneurysm | Coarctation of the aoa | Endocardial cushion defect | 3d | single | The disease is Downs syndrome (trisomy 21). In addition to mental retardation and the characteristic physical findings described in the question stem, duodenal atresia is fairly common, as evidenced by the "double bubble" sign (gas in the stomach and duodenal bulb) on x-ray. These children are also likely to have vario... | Pathology | null |
883e7dfc-8227-440c-aa19-546ef56bb4c1 | Intestinal hypomotiiity is seen in all of the following except - | Diabetes | Parkinsonism | Amyloidosis | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
e7fb0e44-25f2-4aac-918a-0b03eac7c2ed | Western blot is used for? | DNA | RNA | PROTEINS | mRNA | 2c | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
1572e63d-7309-44b4-9bb4-9e3d0b032599 | Discase imported to a country for first time | Exotic disease | Epidemic | Endemic | Hyper endemic | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ac4ea426-1b00-486d-a8f2-d83a343b2482 | In colour perimetry the smallest field of vision is with: | Green object | Blue object | Yellow object | Red object | 0a | multi | Ans. Green object | Ophthalmology | null |
32ceed6a-007e-40e0-a8ae-f8c234a4da9b | Hyperkalemia is not caused by: | salbutamol | ACE Inhibitors | Cyclosporine | GM-CSF | 0a | single | Hyperkalemia is caused by angiotensin-conveing enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II receptor blockers, direct renin inhibitors, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, calcineurin inhibitors, heparin, aldosterone antagonists, potassium-sparing diuretics. salbutamol causes hypokalemia ESSENTIALS of medical PHARMACOLOGY SIXTH... | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
461fbebe-e634-49d7-9def-3efef404d40c | A 32-year-old woman is confirmed as being 6 weeks pregnant. She feels well, and has no past medical history. This is her second pregnancy; the first pregnancy was uncomplicated and she delivered at term, but the baby was anemic due to beta-thalassemia. She is now worried that the current pregnancy may also be affected.... | fetal ultrasound at 12 weeks | cord blood electrophoresis | chorionic villus sampling | buccal mucosal cytology of both parents | 2c | multi | Chorionic villus sampling in the first trimester with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based diagnosis has a high degree of accuracy. Cord blood electrophoresis is suitable for screening high-risk infants at birth. | Medicine | Blood |
5f5b4b00-32ab-4764-bbf4-d4af945946fc | Immume complex mediated gloomerular damage is seen in all except - | Membranoproliferative GN | Good pasture's syndrome | Crescentric GN | Focal segmental GN | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
ca2310fd-5feb-4f7e-bd4f-f3fde2503666 | Which of the following features is shared in common between lymphocyte - rich and lymphocyte predominant types of Hodgkin&;s lymphoma - | Paucity of diagnostic RS cells | EBV is associated | RS cells are CD 20 positive | Good prognosis | 3d | single | Classical RS cells are difficult to find in lymphocyte predominance type but it is frequently present in lymphocyte rich type. About 40% of lymphocyte rich type is associated with EBV.But lymphocyte predominance is not associated with EBV RS cells in lymphocyte predominance is CD20 positive. But RS cells in lymphocyte ... | Pathology | Haematology |
33d0bce1-5d8b-43d4-8ec7-c6a14d5b691c | This patient was a former smoker and was being treated for essential hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperuricemia. Oral examination during the three follow up visits are being shown What is the most likely diagnosis of the tongue involvement? | Geographic tongue | Oral candidiasis | Lichen planus | Oral hairy leukoplakia | 0a | single | Ans. A. Geographic tongue* Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis and migratory stomatitis, is the correct answer.* The changing lesions are suggestive of a geographic map (hence geographic tongue) with pink continents surrounded by whiter oceans.* It is a recurrent, benign, usually asymptomatic, i... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
1c5f56a8-cd47-46fb-a483-535e99f20a32 | True about Herpangina ; Except | Occurs in epidemics | Site specific (Occurs on pharynx) | Severe form than HSV | Gingivitis is absent | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
d01d1a8e-f747-41b2-a326-76ef39bff209 | Death sentence can be awarded by | First class magistrate | Cheif judicial magistrate | Second class magistrate | Sessions cou | 3d | single | The sessions cou is usually located at district headquaers. It can only try cases which have been committed by a Magistrate S.193, Cr.P.C. It can pass any sentence authorised by law, but a Death sentence passed by it must be confirmed by the High cou.S.28.(2) and S.366, Cr.P.C. District Cou deals with civil cases REF: ... | Forensic Medicine | Medico legal procedures |
d4937bcf-d334-44cf-a913-5498bf259150 | 35 year old mother of two children is suffering from amenorrhea from last 12 month. She has a history of failure lactation following second delivery but remained asymptomatic thereafter. Skull X-ray shows empty sella diagnosis is : | Menopause | Pituitary tumor | Sheehan's syndrome | Intraductal papilloma of breast | 2c | single | Ans. is c i.e. Sheehan's Syndrome Friends, here before arriving to any diagnosis lets first see the causes of : Empty Sella : Congenital incompleteness of the sellar diaphragm. Presentation : Women present with : * Galactorrheadeg Features of hypogonadism : Men present with : * Impotence Loss of libido Infeility. In bo... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d9ea0f70-05a4-4cb4-a7fc-5def9ce80413 | Post Traumatic stress syndrome is due to | Head Injury | CVD | Minor Stress | Major Life threatening events | 3d | single | D i.e. Major life threatening events | Psychiatry | null |
c3902821-8aeb-4fd3-90fa-531955dffa6d | Not a feature of de Quervain's disease : | Autoimmune in etiology | ↑ESR | Tends to regress spontaneously | Painful & associated with enlargements of thyroid | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
c1bd0380-2db2-48fe-b0bf-0423bb7deaf3 | March fracture is ? | Neck of 2nd metatarsal | Neck of 3' metatarsal | Shaft of 4th metatarsal | Head of 5th metatarsal | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Neck of 2nd metatarsal Metatarsal stress fractures are common in distance runners and ballet dancers. The second metatarsal neck is the most likely site for stress fracture, but all metatarsals are susceptible. March fracture, also known as fatigue fracture or stress fracture of metatarsal bone, is th... | Surgery | null |
5eda3d3d-ec62-4743-9a60-f20057eab7ee | Streptolysin 'O' acts through- | N- muraminidase | Teichoic acid | Muramic acid | Cytochrome oxidase | 1b | single | null | Medicine | null |
ad08379e-e0cb-4525-8951-14130f4a417e | Raynolds-Braude phenomenon is shown by: | Candida albicans | Mucor | Cryptococcus | Aspergillus | 0a | single | Ans. a (Candida albicans). (Ref. Ananthanarayan, Microbiology/ 6th/pg.576)RAYNOLDS-BRAUDE PHENOMENON (Germ tube formation) is a rapid method of identifying Candida albicans based on ability to form germ tubes within 2 hours on incubation in human serum at 37degC.CANDIDA ALBICANS# Yeast like fungus# Pseudomycelia# Diabe... | Microbiology | Mycology |
398bd0cf-b321-457a-b994-0d1c7a8f3484 | Which type of abnormality in sexual development has best prognosis? | Congenital adrenal hyperplasia | Mixed gonadal dysgenesis | Androgen insensitivity syndrome | True hermaphroditism | 0a | multi | Ans. a. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (Ref: Navak's 15/e p1029. 14/e p1023-1026)Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a type of abnormality in sexual development, which has best prognosis.'Congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be managed by supplying enough glucocorticoids to suppress excess androgen production. The deformit... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sex Intersexuality |
63ab39bb-0ba6-4413-92f0-58a4829bd677 | Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS) includes all of the following, EXCEPT: | Shock | Ischemia | Neurogenic injury | Skeletal injury | 2c | multi | The mangled extremity severity score (MESS) is a scoring system that can be applied to mangled extremities and help to determine which mangled limbs will eventually go for amputation and which can be salvaged. This system grades the injury on the basis of 4 categories: skeletal or soft tissue injury, limb ischemia, sho... | Surgery | null |
1deffe6a-7bd3-49d8-a9ea-3b5a34d15fd8 | hich of the following is not true about Neisseria gonorrhoea - | It is an exclusive human pathogen | Some strains may cause disseminated disease | Acute urethritis is the most common manifestation in males | All strains are highly sensitive to penicillin | 3d | multi | Ans. is. 'd'i.e., All the strains are highly sensitive to penicillin . Penicillin is ineffective in treatment of gonorrhoea as most of the strains are resistant to penicillin because penicillnase producing N. gonorrhoeae (PPNG) have spread widely. . Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for gonococcal infections. . All oth... | Microbiology | null |
1f02a77e-bf57-4a86-8462-eb54ee09c779 | Toxigenicity of C. diphtheria is determined by- | Elek's gel ppt test | Aselole's reaction | Nagler's reaction | All | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Elek's gel ppt test | Microbiology | null |
3f08e433-0293-4c73-b9fc-03b96639714a | WHO regime for paucibacillary leprosy: | 100 mg Dapsone daily + Rifampcin monthly (600 mg) | Dapsone daily + Rifampcin daily | Dapsone + Rifampcin + Clofazemine daily | Rifampcin + Clofazamine daily | 0a | single | A i.e. 100 mg Dapsone daily + Rifampcin 600 mg monthly | Skin | null |
d333793c-8111-400f-8158-bb0389d55e14 | For cardiopulmonary resuscitation in neonates ratio of chest compression to ventilation is | 2:01 | 3:01 | 4:01 | 5:02 | 1b | single | Ans: b (3:1) Ref: Nelson, 18th ed,p. 389; 17th ed,p. 280Chest compression-ventilation relationship Neonate1-8 years> 8 yearsCompression rate120At least 100100Compression to ventilation ratio3:15:115:2Pulse checkUmbilical arteryBrachialcarotidQuestion is a direct pick from the above Table in Nelson. | Pediatrics | New Born Infants |
4466b912-0544-4ea4-84dd-6e7fb4b2bdd0 | In a programme, results analyzed in comparison to cost is known is - | Cost benefit analysis | Management by objectives | Cost-effective analysis | Cost utility study | 2c | single | - cost effective analysis express the benefits in terms of results achieved rather than monetary terms. - more promising tool for application in the health field. Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:871 <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health education & planning |
2844913a-8d04-47fd-b326-3a904562da34 | Medullary chemoreceptors are sensitive to ? | H+ in CSF | CO2 in CSF | H+ in blood | CO2 in blood | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., H+ in CSFThe primary direct stimulus for central chemoreceptors is increased H+ concentration in the CSF and brain interstitial fluid.Central chemoreceptors These receptors are located in a chemosensitive area on the ventral surface of the medulla near the exit of the ninth and tenth cranial nerves. T... | Physiology | null |
5691e211-0c3b-4827-94d0-d71dc2267a31 | ↑Ca2+ in Ca lung is seen in Ca – | Adeno | Squamous | Small cell | Large cell | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
e7605d32-5332-4bf7-8d5d-ae7579379496 | ELISA is performed on a population with low prevalence. What would be the result of performing double screening ELISA tests - | Increased sensitivity and positive predictiv value | Increased sensitivity and negative predictive value | Increased specificity and positive predictive value | Increased specificity and negative predictive value | 2c | single | The specificity of ELISA can be increased by carrying out ELISA in a row (series) using different HIV markers.
When screening test is used in a series mode : -
↑ Specificity
↑ PPV
↓ Sensitivity | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
12cd2125-d273-4db4-a67f-79740fb7a37a | A most common complication of lateral condyle humerus fracture - | Malunion | Nonunion | VIC | Median nerve injury | 1b | single | Amongst the given options, nonunion is the most common complication. | Orthopaedics | null |
c3734db2-c9e5-4976-86b6-c4c630537922 | CT scan of the head should be performed before lumbar puncture in all of the following conditions except? | Hypeension | Immunocompromised state | Kernohan Woltman sign | Low GCS score | 0a | multi | Neuroimaging should be done prior to LP in the following patients: 1. Altered level of consciousness 2. Focal neurological deficit 3. New onset seizure 4. Papilledema 5. Immunocompromised state These patients are at increased risk of potentially fatal cerebellar or tentorial herniation following lumbar puncture. | Radiology | CT SCAN |
6691c11f-8282-45d7-a761-81d386d9fbf7 | Which of the following is a vector for Dengue fever? | Aedes aegypti | Culex | Anophelous | Mansonia | 0a | single | Aedes aegypti:Principle vector of Dengue virusesAlso an efficient vector of the Yellow fever and Chikungunya virusesBreeds near human habitation, using relatively fresh waterUsually inhabits dwellings and bites during the dayRef: Harrison's 17/e p1230 | Medicine | All India exam |
76e78c3c-2d2b-47af-bddb-e4e72efb2c56 | Post-transplant cytomegalovirus infection may cause | Pyelonephritis | GI ulceration and hemorrhage | Cholecystitis | Intraabdominal abscess | 1b | single | Overall, 30% of all infections contracted in the posttransplant period are viral. The most common viral infections are DNA viruses of the herpesvirus family and include cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus. CMV infections may occur as either primary or reactive inf... | Surgery | Transplantation |
6a8afd9f-ef28-4869-978e-70f971f433ae | SIte of bleeding after cataract surgery is | Anterior choroidal vessels | Posterior choroidal vessels | Anterior ciliary vessels | Posterior ciliary vessels | 3d | single | After cataract surgery, posterior ciliary vessels are the common sites of bleeding. Ref AK khurana 6/e p 215 | Ophthalmology | Lens |
3747847c-acfb-4d0b-9429-648a5f9cdb22 | Rain drop pigmentation is caused by ? | Clofazimine | Dapsone | Minocycline | ArsenicHomosexual | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., ArsenicHomosexual | Skin | null |
62bb8d2b-1bf0-47ee-939c-98468048c3f5 | Most common genetic play in Neisseria infection is | Male gender | HLA b27 | Complement deficiency | IgA deficiency | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Complement deficiency Complement deficiency and neisserial infections The complement system is an essential component of the innate immune defence against infection by Neisseria (N. Meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae). People who lack or have a deficiency in complement mediated bactericidal activity are ... | Microbiology | null |
918769b8-6f41-4655-985c-5210421f4ee6 | Disease usually not seen in a country but brought from abroad is: | Endemic | Epidemic | Zoonotic | Exotic | 3d | multi | Exotic: Disease usually not seen in a country but brought from abroad. OTHER OPTIONS Zoonotic: A disease which is transmitted to man from animals e.g. Rabies, plague. Epidemic: when disease has exceeded it's normal expectancy. Endemic: Constant or continuous presence of a disease in a population. | Social & Preventive Medicine | FMGE 2018 |
579af071-3a43-41d0-98d2-7f3e24254c80 | Kinky hair desease is disorder where an affected child has peculiar white stubby hair, does not grow, brain degeneration is seen and dies by age of two years. Mrs A is hesitant about having children because her two sisters had sons who had died form kinky hair disease. Her mother's brother also died of the same conditi... | X-linked recessive | X-linked dominant | Autosomal recessive | Autosomal dominant | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., X-linked Recessive o The clues in this question are ? Only males are manifesting disease. Females are acting as carriers -3 sisters sons had suffered from the disease. o Both these are features of X-linked recessive disorders. X-linked disorders o Except for a few conditions, all X-linked disorders ar... | Pathology | null |
981df750-5180-45e2-9b58-77bf87420bbe | Quarantine is related to> | Minimum incubation period | Maximum incubation period | Serial interval | Generation time | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Maximum incubation period Quarantine - has been defined as The limitation of freedom of movement of such well person or domestic animals exposed to communicable disease for a period of time no longer than the longest usual incubation period of the disease in such a manner to prevent effective contact w... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Infectious Disease Epidemiology |
de0a1c9c-c45b-40fe-a29d-d1daee690e75 | Insulin resistance in liver disease is due to | Decreased insulin resistance | Steatosis | Hepatocyte dysfunction | Decreased C peptide level | 1b | single | Refer Robbins page no Insulin resistance is defined as the failure of target tissues to respond normally to insulin. It leads to decreased uptake of glucose ik muscle reduced glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation I'm the liver and inability to suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis | Anatomy | General anatomy |
7cc567e3-97cd-4f17-9ff7-523ff1f0c8d6 | Gastrospleenic ligament is due to peritoneal reflection of which aery ? | Splenic aery | Sho gastric aery | Pancreatic aery | Common hepatic aery | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sho gastric aery | Anatomy | null |
59412113-6f99-4575-9d03-11266c14ace8 | Which of the following antifungal is used in cancer chemotherapy? | Flucytosine | Amphotericin B | Voriconazole | Ketoconazole | 0a | single | Flucytosine is used as a pyrimidine antagonist which is a prodrug and is conveed to 5 FU.Ref: KD Tripathi 7th ed; Pg: 791 | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
5a0dc312-f364-4ed3-a12a-29cadf0c62e1 | Herbe's pit is seen in: September 2006 March 2013 (c) | Vernal conjunctivitis | Atopic conjunctivitis | Gonococcal conjunctivitis | Chlamydial conjunctivitis | 3d | single | Ans. D: Chlamydial conjunctivitis Later structural changes of trachoma are referred to as "cicatricial trachoma". These include scarring in the eye lid (tarsal conjunctiva) that leads to distoion of the eye lid with buckling of the lid (tarsus) so the lashes rub on the eye (trichiasis). These lashes will lead to cornea... | Ophthalmology | null |
97655fef-4be3-49bb-821e-2a0fa47cad48 | Blow out fracture of orbit involves | Medial wall | Superior wall | Inferior wall | All the walls | 2c | multi | Ans. (c) Inferior wallRef; Kanski 7/e, p. 873Blow out fracture is typically of the orbital floor, it may also involve the medial wall but always as a secondary involvement. | Ophthalmology | Ocular Trauma |
aa398ff2-f8b4-46f7-867d-1ecd6910dfba | Spring catarrh may be associated with: | Anterior subcapsular cataract | Keratoconus | Interstitial keratitis | All of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. Keratoconus | Ophthalmology | null |
d4beb2a7-c9f6-4e9b-af92-c78653348762 | Drug used in Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy is? | a1agonist | a1. antagonist | a2, agonist | a2 antagonist | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) a, antagonistsREF: KDT 7th ed p-135, Goodman and Gillman's 11th ed page 172,173,183 | Pharmacology | Anti Adrenergic System |
e57b2b69-0b1f-40e3-96ad-4ffd9bad3ff9 | Which drug should not be given in pregnancy ? | Labetalol | ACE inhibitors | Hydralazine | Methyl dopa | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
88010ae4-1b9a-44e9-9ef6-46a0fb5d1efc | Ratio of O2 : N2O in Entonox is – | 50:50:00 | 60:40:00 | 40 : 60 | 25 : 75 | 0a | single | Entonox contain equal amount (50/50) of N2O and O2. | Anaesthesia | null |
188bc66d-ebc3-4c36-b92d-6f35ccbdfdee | Treatment of Asherman's syndrome is : | D C | D + C with IUCD inseion | Hysterectomy | Hysterotomy | 1b | single | D + C with IUCD inseion | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
94b68531-a09d-47fe-ae00-d85d5328338a | All of the following statements regarding disposal of biomedical waste are true, except | Human Anatomical Waste is disposed in a Yellow bag | Contents from a Red bag may be a source of contamination | Black bags are used for disposal of ash from incineration | Blue bags contents are disposed in secured landfill | 3d | multi | Blue bag contents are disposed by autoclaving/microwaving/chemical treatment and destruction shedding.
Yellow bag contains category No. 1, 2, 3, & 6 wastes. Category No 1 contains human anatomical waste (option a is correct)
Red bags are used for disposal of microbiology waste from laboratory cultures, stocks of microo... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7204f30c-60cc-4b04-bde9-cd979353bb75 | Peusis toxin acts by all of the following mechanisms except ? | ADP ribosylation of proteins associated with receptors | Increase cyclic AMP | Increased calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum | Acts through G alpha subunit | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased calcium release from saroplasmic reticulum Peusis toxin . Peussis toxin is an exotoxin that has A and B subunits. . B subunit binds to the target cells whereas A subunit acts on the target. . First, the peussis toxin itself gets activated by glutathione and ATP. . Once the toxin gets activat... | Microbiology | null |
d6cfb03f-ea60-48fc-923c-662ea2bb016e | Drug producing dissociative anesthesia: | Propofol | Enflurane | Ketamine | Sevoflurane | 2c | single | Ans: (c) KetamineRef: katzung 9th ed. 1604; KDT 6th ed./376* Ketamine is the only intravenous anesthetic that possesses analgesic properties and produces cardiovascular stimulation.* It causes "dissociative anesthesia" which is characterized by profound analgesia, immobility, amnesia and feeling of dissociation from on... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
42b7fa27-244f-40eb-94e5-e6179788b0a4 | All is true about pseudocyesis except: | Abdominal enlargement | Patient is pregnant | Labor pains at expected date of delivery | Amenorrhea | 1b | multi | Patient is not pregnant is pseudocyesis. Though she falsely believes that and there are also associated changes suggestive of pregnancy. Pseudocyesis False pregnancy There is development of classical symptoms of pregnancy like: Abdominal enlargement Amenorrhea Subjective sense of fetal movements Breast engorgement Labo... | Psychiatry | Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders |
9cfcfee0-0aa9-4af1-9175-24290fef7ab9 | . A girl presents with; primary amenorrhea; grade V thelarche, grade II pubarche; no axillary hair; likely diagnosis is: | Testicular feminisation syndrome | Mullerian agenesis | Turners syndrome | Gonadal dysgenesis | 0a | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c48d21bd-988d-4ded-8aa8-2560aeaf5f69 | Injury that comes under sec 320 IPC | Abrasion over face | 'Nasal bone fracture | Epistaxis | Lacerated wound over scalp | 1b | single | B i.e. Nasal bone fracture | Forensic Medicine | null |
3c2af126-3415-4323-9374-9ac1f5c546a4 | Best results are obtained in oral submucous fibrosis is by: | Intralesional cortisone therapy, with hyaluronic acid | Oral cortisone with intralesional therapy (cortisone) | Vitamin E and oral cortisone | Intralesional placental extract | 0a | single | null | Pathology | null |
edb00fdb-13b4-4365-a9ac-5b2c6f476888 | Massive bleeding per rectum in a 70 yr old patient is due to : | Diveiculosis | Carcinoma colon | Colitis | Polyps | 0a | single | Answer is A (Diveiculosis) Although anorectal disease is the most commonm cause of bleeding per rectum in the elderly, these lesions usually cause small amount of 'bright red' blood on the surface of stool and toilet tissue (small bleeds). Diveiculosis may give rise to massive colonic bleed. The usual presentation of d... | Medicine | null |
f4583027-b0c7-415a-829e-9f95e19dcae8 | Main recommendation of Jungalwalla committe? | Creation of multipurpose worker | Health survey and planning | 1 PHC for 50000 population | Integration of health services | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Integration of health services Health Planning in India The guide lines for national health planning were provided by a number of committees. These committees were appointed by the Government of India from time to time to review the existing health situation and recommend measures for fuher action. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5e31e3d1-c18d-4295-b3b6-68d3050a2b1d | Which of the following drugs is not used for the therapy of congenital adrenal hyperplasia? | Hydrocortisone | Prednisolone | Antibiotics | Dexamethasone | 2c | single | Ans. C. AntibioticsPatients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia require lifelong treatment. Patients with salt wasting and virilizing forms should be treated with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. After completion of growth, synthetic glucocorticoid preparations (dexamethasone, prednisolone) can be used. | Pediatrics | Endocrinology |
883f4802-624e-417e-8fc3-293a76a3c863 | The treatment of congenital glaucoma is- | Essentially topical medications | Trabeculoplasty | Trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy | Cyclocryotherapy. | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Trabeculectomy with trabeculectomy Treatment of congenital glaucoma:Treatment of congenital glaucoma is primarily surgical. However I.O.P. must be lowered by the following agents till surgery is doneHyper osmotic agentsAcetazolamideb Blockers Surgical procedures: -GoniotomyTrabeculectomyCombined trabec... | Unknown | null |
1ff34a90-f11e-4a55-b29c-59894a7724b2 | The commonest site for extragonadal germ cell tumor | Pineal gland | Mediastinum | Retroperitoneum | Sacrococcyygeal region | 1b | single | Reference Robbins page no 475 Extragonadal germ cell tumors form from developing sperm or egg cells that travel from the gonads to other pas of the body. ... These are more common than malignantextragonadal germ cell tumors and often are very large. Malignant extragonadal germ cell tumors are divided into two types, no... | Pathology | Urinary tract |
9245790d-5757-48fc-9213-e5be0242a2e0 | Drug which is useful for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is? | Neostigmine | Physostigmine | Edrophonium | Atropine | 2c | single | The two types of weakness require opposite treatments. They can be differentiated by edrophonium test. | Pharmacology | null |
b4bd6114-d8ea-49eb-88ff-12a2f5ad4532 | Surface area of tympanic membrance - | 55 mm2 | 70 mm2 | 80 mm2 | 90 mm2 | 3d | single | null | ENT | null |
d95a4d9d-0255-4612-b59b-6bc698b7bf3b | The transition from G2 to M phase is controlled by | Rb gene product | P53 protein | Cyclin E | Cyclin B | 3d | single | The cell cycle is regulated by activators and inhibitors. Cell cycle progression is driven by proteins called cyclins. cyclin D-CDK4, cyclin D-CDK6, and cyclin E-CDK2 regulate the G1-to-S transition by phosphorylating the Rb protein (pRb). Cyclin A-CDK2 and cyclin A-CDK1 are active in the S phase. Cyclin B-CDK1 is esse... | Pathology | General pathology |
cbb65396-bf33-4a01-9afa-a90dcec229d9 | Which feature is MOST helpful in distinguishing dementia from severe depression? | Weight loss | Grasp reflex | Persistent headache | Poor attention spans | 1b | single | Somatic complaints such as anorexia, weight loss and headache are features of both conditions, though more prominent in patients with depression. The behavioural and cognitive functions are affected in both conditions. Poor concentration, poor attention span, poor memory and social withdrawal are encountered in both. G... | Pathology | All India exam |
8608f531-0e03-496d-a52f-1d3535018db5 | Middle ear effusion with intact eardrum gives rise to which type of tympanogram? | Type A | Type B | Type C | Type D | 1b | single | Type B tympanogram is flat in appearance, indicating lack of compliance. The volume measurement that is simultaneously performed with tympanometry helps to differentiate between a flat tympanogram suggesting an intact eardrum with middle ear effusion and a perforated eardrum or patent ventilating tube. | ENT | null |
733e40bf-ed17-455e-8fbc-3b79af82209d | Modified Kastenbaum surgery is done for | Esotropia | Nystagmus | Superior oblique palsy | Third nerve palsy | 1b | single | Modified Kastenbaum Surgery *Recession resection of all four horizontal recti is done according to the type and amount of nystagmus | Ophthalmology | Squint |
063a843d-4eeb-45d2-b369-f8614e7b2936 | Direct standardization is used to compare the moality rates between two countries. This is done because of the differences in: | Causes of death | Numerators | Age distributions | Denominators | 2c | single | Age distributions !Ref. Park 20/e, p 55,56 (19/e, p 54, I8/e, p 53)] Repeat from May 06 & Nov 06 Because of the differences in age distribution of two populations, their moality experience could not be compared by using 'crude death rate', as it lead to wrong impression. A population (say population A) with more young ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
f478b40c-46a0-4f80-b00f-1105960d4b44 | A 2-day-old newborn male develops mild cyanosis. An ultrasound examination reveals a patent ductus arteriosus. Which of the following infections will most likely lead to this congenital anomaly? | Toxoplasmosis | Rubella | Cytomegalovirus | Varicella virus | 1b | single | Congenital heart defects are common problems that can be caused by teratogens, such as the rubella virus, or single-gene factors or chromosomal abnormalities. | Anatomy | Thorax |
5335216a-5eea-43a4-b172-d7007e335e89 | Separation of first polar body occurs at the time of: September 2007, March 2012 | Feilization | Ovulation | Implantation | Menstruation | 1b | single | Ans. B: Ovulation Asymmetrical cell division (cytokinesis) leads to the production of polar bodies during oogenesis. To conserve nutrients, the majority of cytoplasm is segregated into either the secondary oocyte and, or ovum, during meiosis I or meiosis II, respectively. The remaining daughter cells generated from the... | Physiology | null |
69e7b684-65d5-4db5-ae00-4a3b63f21361 | According to ADA specification #1 for amalgam, what is the acceptable dimensional change? | -20 to +20 micron/cm | -10 to +10 micron/cm | -20 to +10 micron/cm | -10 to +20 micron/cm | 0a | single | According to ADA specification #1 for amalgam, the acceptable dimensional change is -20 to +20 micron/cm.
Reference: Marzouk Operative dentistry, pg-108 | Dental | null |
aed1e422-af1b-42ad-943c-73062ace4ef5 | Most common complication of intertrochanteric fracture femur is:(NEET 2013; WB 1999; AI 1998, 1988; DELHI 1997) | Malunion | Non-union | Osteoarthritis | Nerve injury | 0a | single | (a) Malunion- Most common complications of intracapsular fracture -AVN followed by non-union.- Most common complication of extracapsular fracture - Malunion. | Orthopaedics | Pelvis & Injuries |
4017c646-d359-4de7-80d9-9e9c320a24b8 | The parasympathetic secretomotor fibres to parotid traverse through all of the following, EXCEPT: | Otic ganglion | Tympanic plexus | Auriculo temporal nerve | Greater Petrosal nerve | 3d | multi | The parasympathetic secretomotor fibres to parotid arises from the glossopharyngeal nerve. The nerve reaches the gland tympanic branch, the lesser petrosal nerve, the otic ganglion and the auriculotemporal nerve. Course of the nerve: Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers originate from inferior salivary nucleus in the m... | Anatomy | null |
2d2639c9-34f5-40bf-8447-6574dfcb8919 | On thyroid function test, TSH value is raised and
t4 value is decreased. Referred diagnosis is | Hyperthyroidism | Primary hypothyroidism | Secondary hypothyroidism | Subclinical hypothyroidism | 1b | single | IF TSH raised ans T4 is decreased then its primary.
IF both are decreased then its secondary. | Surgery | null |
59ea0328-1036-47ff-a41a-2e022cffcd7e | Which of the following interventions is NOT included in active management of IIIrd stage of labor: March 2013 | Administration of a uterotonic within 1 minute of delivery | Immediate clamping, cutting and ligation of the cord | Massage of uterus | Controlled cord traction | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Immediate clamping, cutting and ligation of the cord | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
761d362f-85f9-4b3a-b299-9432a54aae5b | The period of infancy usually refers to: | First 2 years after birth | First 1 year after birth | First 6 months after birth | First 3 years after birth | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
8ad4b5e9-6832-467b-bc1a-288d03b8d30c | The following are important in the maintenance of normal fecal continence except - | Anorectal angulation | Rectal innervation | Internal sphincter | Haustral valve | 3d | multi | Normal fecal continence requires
adequate rectal wall compliance to accommodate the fecal bolus.
appropriate neurogenic control of the pelvic floor and sphincter mechanism, and
functional internal and external sphincter muscles
At rest the puborectalis muscle creates a 'sling' around the distal rectum, forming a rela... | Surgery | null |
c8ea3d08-b0b1-40ed-a375-c4316cb36c57 | Commonest benign tumour of the esophagus | Leiomyoma | Papilloma | Adenoma | Hemangioma | 0a | single | Benign tumours of the oesophagus are unusual and constitute less than 1% of all oesophagal neoplasms. Approximately 60% of benign oesophagal lesions are leiomyomas, 20% are cysts, 5% are polyps, and the remaining 5% are other neoplasms.Ref: Sabiston 2oth edition pg:1047 | Surgery | G.I.T |
98362e6f-f174-4175-aa97-81358dd387b9 | Main vascular supply of Little's area is all,except - | Septal branch of superior labial artery | Nasal branch of sphenopalatine artery | Anterior ethmoidal artery | Palatal branch of sphenopalatine | 3d | multi | null | ENT | null |
0f1b1da6-0b03-421e-845e-f80c7f7ae433 | Following surgery, a patient develops oliguria.. You believe the patient is hypovolemic, but you seek corroborative data before increasing intravenous fluids. The best data is? | Urine sodium of 28 meq/L | Urine chloride of 15 meq/L | Fractional excretion of sodium less than 1 | Urinel Serum creatinine ratio of 20 | 2c | single | When oliguria occurs postoperatively, it is impoant to differentiate between low output caused by the physiologic response to intravascular hypovolemia and that caus ed by acute tubular necrosis. The fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) is an especially useful test to aid in this differentiation. Values of FE < 1% in ... | Surgery | null |
f94a6ccf-d28f-4154-9dff-cacbb80d9328 | Most common cause of umbilicus does not separate at age of 2 years - | Raspbery tumour | Leukocyte adhesion deficiency | Patent urachus | Umblical granuloma | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
9aeba4d4-7ca9-43af-ac68-951f16db0dc8 | A 50 year old female goes into shock and her blood pressure was 50 mmHg. Which of the following concerning her GFR is most likely? | Myogenic autoregulation will keep GFR constant | Angiotensin II release will maintain normal GFR | The macula densa will cause constriction of the afferent aeriole to maintain GFR | GFR will viually cease | 3d | multi | Once blood pressure drops below about 60 mmHg, GFR will basically cease, although a very small amount of filtrate may continue to be produced. This is another reason why maintaining blood pressure is so impoant. | Physiology | null |
9f5407ca-a07e-4c73-8f19-27b9def47e60 | Umbilicus is supplied by which spinal segment? | T4 | T6 | T8 | T10 | 3d | single | Ans. d (T10). (Ref. BD Chaurasia, Anatomy -2nd vol., 3rd/165; Bailey & love Surgery, 25th/982) # Skin around umbilicus is supplied by T10 segment of cord. # With reference to lymphatics and venous drainage it is water shed area. Educational point: # Dermatomes over: - The xiphoid process-T7 - The umbilicus-T10 - The pu... | Anatomy | Abdominal Wall |
75340e0e-0fdb-41a3-9706-7ed067fde323 | Iron requirement in pregnancy - | 100 mg | 35 mg | 500 mg | 800 mg | 1b | single | <p> iron The adult human body contains between 3-4 g of iron , of which about 60-70 % is present in blood as circulating iron and the rest as storage iron. Each gram of haemoglobin contain 3.34mg of iron. Functions: 1. Formation of haemoglobin 2. Brain development 3. Regulation of body temperature. 4. Catecholamine met... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
60729b61-f97e-4444-9dab-55980c38af51 | Fixed-splitting of S2 is seen in | ASD | MS | PDA | PR | 0a | single | A fixed split S2 indicates an atrial septal defect (ASD). Spitting at both expiratory and inspiratory phases but does NOT lengthen with inspiration Compared to Wide splitting where there is splitting during expiration and even wider during inspiration, which is seen in conditions with delayed conduction down the right ... | Medicine | C.V.S |
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