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2345a8b4-614f-467e-9c87-dcd441b00b02 | All except one leads to delayed puberty | Kallman syndrome | McCune-Albright syndrome | Turners syndrome | Addison disease | 1b | multi | Mc Cune - Albright syndrome is characterised by precocious puberty. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
9d4512fd-a31c-43d4-92ea-1c1b26fee0a7 | Calculi is most commonly seen in: | Minor salivary gland | Major salivary gland | Parotid gland | Sublingual gland | 1b | single | Sialolithiasis is accumulation of obstructive calcifications within the glandular ductal system, more common in submandibular gland (90%) than the parotid gland (10%). | Surgery | null |
bfbfbd89-9040-4297-a5c9-a375b9ad221d | Centrally acting sympatholytic agent used as antihypeensive agent is | Propanolol | Clonidine | Prazosin | Phenoxybenzamine | 1b | multi | Refer kDT 6/e p540 Clonidine, sold as the brand name Catapresamong others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, drug withdrawal(alcohol, opioids, or smoking), menopausal flushing, diarrhea, and ceain pain conditions. It is used by mouth, by injection, or as a skin... | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
9652ca11-71a4-40a5-b481-3605f0a5d123 | All of the following intraocular foreign bodies produce suppurative reaction except | Pure zinc | Mercury | Copper alloys | Nickel | 2c | multi | INTRAOCULAR FOREIGN BODIES Reactions of the foreign body Depending upon its chemical nature following 4 types of reactions are noted in the ocular tissues: 1. No reaction is produced by the ine substances which include glass, plastic, porcelain, gold silver and platinum. 2. Local irritative reaction leading to encapsul... | Ophthalmology | Ocular trauma |
fa99559e-784d-4db2-9497-6ba89ba08dbe | Neonate with blotchy rash on the abdomen. Diagnosis is: | Congenital syphilis | Cutis marmorata | Erythema toxicum neonatorum | Milia | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Erythema toxicum neonatorum.* Erythema toxicum neonatorum presents in neonates with blotchy maculopapular rash with pustules. These pustules are sterile and contain eosinophils and the rash usually settles by day 10 of life.* Cutis marmorata presents with mottling which disappears when the skin becomes warmer.... | Skin | General |
9a343cda-0317-47a3-a49a-f05e6cb9e0a6 | Sabin fleldman dye test is used for - | Toxoplasmosis | Syphilis | Herpes genitalis | Gardenellavaginalis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a1 i.e., Toxoplasmosis Sabin-Feldman dye testo A Sabin-Feldman dye test is a serologic test to diagnose for toxoplasmosis.o The test is based on the presence of certain antibodies that prevent methylene blue dye from entering the cytoplasm of Toxoplasma organisms.o Patient serum is treated with Toxoplasma trop... | Skin | Bacterial Infection of Skin |
bd32ac66-5468-4622-a1a8-867a6f081249 | Common site of regional enteritis is – | Colon | Rectum | Distal ileum and colon | Caecum | 2c | single | Crohn disease (Terminal ileitis or regional enteritis)
Crohn disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is characterized by -
Sharply delimited and typically transmural involvement of the bowel by an inflammatory process with mucosal damage.
The presence of non-caseating granulomas.
Fissuring with th... | Pediatrics | null |
55a1cb84-421b-4b0a-97e6-b6a1a89e37bb | A person was on chemotherapy for 2 week for some mediastinal tumour. Now he develops high frequency hearing loss. Most probable cause of this condition is use of: | Cispiatin | Etoposite | Doxorubicin | Methotrexate | 0a | single | Ans: A (Cisplatin) OTOTOXIC DRUGS P.LDhingra 6th/33-34Various drugs & chemical can damage the in ner ear & cause sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus & sometimes vertigoCytotoxic drugs causing hearing loss are- nitrogen mustardfmechlorethamine), cisplatin & carboplatin"Cisplatin: Important toxicities are- renal impairm... | Pharmacology | Anti-Neoplastic Agents |
96f63724-61f1-4e15-8c28-c9c4a391fde3 | Product of pentose phosphate pathway: | ATP | Pyruvate | NADPH | Lactate | 2c | single | Pentose phosphate pathway/Phosphogluconate pathway/Hexose monophosphate shuntIt is a process that generates NADPH and pentoses (5-carbon sugars).There are two distinct phases in the pathway.- The first is the oxidative phase, in which NADPH is generated, and the- Second is the non-oxidative synthesis of 5-carbon sugars... | Biochemistry | null |
b31af239-e53a-45e8-afc4-38dfbd2914a9 | Most common cause of rubeosis iridis | Tumor | CRAO | Radiation retinopathy | Diabetic retinopathy | 3d | single | it develops following retinal ischemia which is a common feature of:
●proliferative diabetic retinopathy
●central retinal vein occlusion
●sickle cell retinopathy
●Eale's disease | Ophthalmology | null |
3ff8038b-28e0-47a8-bcbc-422d1b5ec4cc | Most common cause of ptosis | Myasthenia gravis | Paralysis of 3rd nerve | Idiopathic | Congenital | 3d | single | *Congenital myogenic ptosis is the most common type of ptosis and is often bilateral. Ref: Clinical ophthalmology p.786 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
6f5572d0-f3da-407c-8bb2-94dae37236b0 | Least chances of cord prolapse are seen with | Frank breech | Complete breech | Footling | Knee | 0a | single | Maximum chances of cord prolapse seen in breech are in footling where as min chances in frank frank breech | Anatomy | Abnormal labor |
f54e86e5-ca05-46c7-9503-f0476b06088b | In which organelle (s) of hepatocyte, the elongation of long chain fatty acid takes placea) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)b) Golgi bodyc) Mitochondriad) Lysosomese) Ribosome | ac | bc | ad | b | 0a | single | Endoplasmic reticulum (E ) & i.e., Mitochondria
Elongation takes place in microsomal system (endoplasmic reticulum) and mitochondrial system. | Biochemistry | null |
d811a79a-4915-49f1-97ef-5ecd4cad6670 | The term erythroderma is applied when any inflammatory skin disease affects more than ___ of body surface area | 70% | 80% | 90% | 100% | 2c | single | Erythroderma is involvement of more than 90% of skin in any disorder. | Dental | null |
6fd25136-792d-41d6-b52b-daa541e4a3d5 | Which of the following statements is true regarding digital clubbing? | Clubbing always indicates heart disease | Clubbing is seen in pulmonary arteriovenous fistula | Clubbing is common in cirrhosis of the liver | Presence of clubbing warrants a search for sickle cell disease | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
fcc9075d-0fc0-4c1a-84be-fd440cf52dd1 | An intrauterine pregnancy of approximately 10 weeks gestation is confirmed in a 30 year old, gravida 5, para 4 woman with an IUD in place. The patient expresses a strong desire for the pregnancy to be continued. On examination, the string of the IUD is noted to be protruding from the cervical os. The most appropriate c... | Leave the IUD in place without any other treatment | Remove the IUD to decrease the risk of malformations | Remove the IUD to decrease the risk of infection | Terminate the pregnancy because of the high risk of malformations. | 2c | single | A woman with an IUCD in place, with amenorrhea should have a pregnancy test and pelvic examination.
An intrauterine pregnancy can occur and continue successfully to term with an IUCD in place.
A. If an intrauterine pregnancy is diagnosed and IUCD strings are visible:
IUCD should be removed as soon as possible in order ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1afe2056-678b-4871-8d40-9b0fae6cdc40 | First extensor compament of wrist have which of the following structures | Extensor pollicis brevis | Extensor carpi radialis longus | Extensor carpi radialis brevis | Extensor digiti minimi | 0a | single | Tendon of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis pass through the second compament of extensor retinaculum.Tendon of extensor digiti minimi passes through the sixth compament.B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 137 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
0fda7016-f3c1-423c-8f97-4f3f78cf806b | A 25 year old pregnant female with gestational diabetes came to OPD at 30 weeks of gestation for routine antenatal checkup. Her sugars are uncontrolled. Her fundal height was found to be 36 cm and abdominal skin appears excessively stretched and shiny. Her previous antenatal USG repos were normal. What could be the mos... | Uterine fibroids | Polyhydramnios | Twin gestation | Oligohydramnios | 1b | single | Fundal height normally correlates (in cms) with gestational age in weeks (from 16 to 36 weeks). The possible reason for increased fundal height could be : Polyhyramnios, Fibroids, Twin pregnancy, H. Mole, Big baby (Fetal macrosomia) Normal previous USGs rules out fibroid, twin pregnancy and H. Mole. According the above... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Amniotic Fluid Dynamics |
49676914-c70d-4fd7-b34d-50f4d0092cd7 | All of the following are criteria for irritable bowel syndrome except - | Change in frequency of stool | Blood & mucus in stool | Change in form ofstool | Improves with defecation | 1b | multi | <p>Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. *Romelll criteria. * abdominal pain or discomfo associated with 2 or more of the following # improvement with defecation #change in frequency of stool. #change in appearance of stool </p> | Medicine | G.I.T |
e8b7862d-0999-4d2c-97c4-2d3b82c91295 | Bosniak classification is for? | Renal tuberculosis | Renal cysts | RCC | VUR | 1b | single | The Bosniak classification system of renal cystic masses divides renal cystic masses into five categories based on imaging characteristics on contrast-enhanced CT. It is helpful in predicting a risk of malignancy and suggesting either follow up or treatment. Classification: Bosniak I -Simple cyst , imperceptible wall; ... | Surgery | Urology |
fde82106-4fad-48c2-bbc7-cc0f4206579d | Most powerful cloning vector ? | Plasmid | Virus | Cosmid | Phage | 2c | single | Most powerful cloning vector is cosmid as largest DNA can be incorporated in cosmid.Overall, most powerful cloning vector is YAC (Yeast aificial chromosome). | Biochemistry | null |
4bc26a2f-c6a6-4f39-bf18-a82f3331f8e5 | Bacterial species seen in skin ? | Lactobacillus | Streptococcus pneumonia | Bacterioides fragilis | Propionobacterium | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Propionobacterium | Microbiology | null |
9fc7e316-3a89-4401-a1d8-c522aa165233 | End-Product of the action of salivary amylase is | Mannose | Maltose | Sucrose | Fructose | 1b | single | Salivary alpha-amylase hydrolyse the alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkage, so as to produce smaller subunits like maltose, isomaltose, dextrins and oligosaccharides.Ref: DM Vasudevan, page no: 39 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
bcf3912a-d32f-4525-b5df-8659601b7120 | The oesophgus commences at the following level? | Lower end of cricoid | C5 veebra | 10cm from incisor teeth | C7 | 0a | single | A. i.e. Lower end of Cricoid | Anatomy | null |
c55c828b-8e75-4f99-b282-ce46df46a6e3 | 33-years-old alcoholicon ATT presents with increased serum iron & increased transferrin saturation. Diagnosis? | Iron deficiency anemia | Sideroblastic anemia | Megaloblastic anemia | Anemia of chronic disease | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Sideroblastic anemia(Ref: Wintrobe's 12th/pg 847-848)This is an Alcoholic patient on Anti TB drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide) who presents with features of iron overload on iron studies (increased serum iron & increased transferrin saturation). These features are suggestive of sideroblastic anemia. | Pathology | Misc. (R.B.C) |
12245d56-8392-4ec1-8df5-4d5bc1c43859 | Endogenous chemoattractants are all except - | C5a | Integrins | LTB4 | IL 8 | 1b | multi | Endogenous Chemoattractants include LTB4, complement system C5, chemokines, but not integrins. Integrins are cell matrix adhesion molecules. Integrins are proteins that function mechanically, by attaching the cell cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and biochemically, by sensing whether adhesion has occurre... | Pathology | General pathology |
ffb04237-eae5-47a9-8727-1bbe8b65f1e9 | Nodular regenerating hyperplasia is associated with - | Budd-chiari syndrome | Alcohol | Drug | Hepatitis B | 2c | single | Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver This is the most common cause of non-cirrhotic poal hypeension in developed countries; it is characterised by small hepatocyte nodules throughout the liver without fibrosis, which can result in sinusoidal compression. It is believed to be due to damage to small hepatic aeri... | Medicine | G.I.T |
d4d511fc-c4e3-4893-8caf-545b4184b384 | In an emergency room an alcoholic patient enters with hematemesis. On examination he has ascites with splenomegaly and gynecomastia. Etiology is | Portal hypertension secondary to viral hepatitis | Portal hypertension due to Alcoholic cirrhosis | Budd chiari syndrome | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Portal hypertension due to alcholic cirrhosisRef: Sabiston 20th edition Page 1437* Clinical features and findings suggest that the patient is a known case of Alcoholic cirrhosis with portal hypertension.* So most common cause in him is Varices bleeding | Surgery | Liver |
91c17fcd-6724-40a7-8bb2-1133611744f7 | All are true about chronic SDH except: | Immediate recovery after surgery | Presents weeks after tril injury | Patient can be completely asymptomatic | Use of a subdural drain is associated with a decreased need for repeat surgery | 0a | multi | Chronic SDH Caused bysignificant trauma, can present weeks after tril injury. Most patients are symptomatic but patient can be completely asymptomatic. Treated by burr hole/craniotomy, twist drill craniostomy with subdural drains. Clinical improvement occurs when subdural pressure is close to zero, which usually occurs... | Surgery | JIPMER 2018 |
d7dadb6b-7dab-41d3-b6b1-088681543ce9 | Bilateral consonants are ? | Pb9 | PbMW | MW | TLMW | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., PbMW Pronounced or aiculated with both lips, as the consonants b, p, m, and w. Baby stas producing bilabial words by 4th month of age. | Pediatrics | null |
4bb6e707-29c3-460d-aa9c-0130314afabb | Retention in a stainless steel crown is achieved primarily by: | Chamfer | Cement | Parallel distal and mesial walls | Crimping the crown to engage buccal & lingual undercuts | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
7abf2236-ecf7-45b4-bb29-6aa0237666a2 | Which of the following are antigen-presenting cells? | Neutrophils | T-lymphocytes | Macrophages | Plasma cells | 2c | single | Neutrophils are one of the primary defense cells of the innate immune system. T-lymphocytes are important activators of the specific (adaptive) immune system. Macrophages are antigen presenting cells. Plasma cells produce antibodies. | Dental | null |
b28c6225-e07d-4c85-96e3-2217c38ca550 | A 32-years old male with suspected neurofibroma, tosis was found to have a blood pressure of 178/110 mm Hg at a recent health fair. He complained of palpitations and excessive sweating. Today he presents to the clinic for a checkup because he has developed abdominal discomfo. His blood pressure is now recorded to be 13... | N-myc amplification | Overexpression of C-kit | K-ras mutation | RET oncogene | 3d | single | The RET proto-oncogene encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of extracellular signalling molecules.RET loss of function mutations are associated with the development of Hirschsprung's disease, while gain of function mutations are associated with ... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
88cc49a8-25e9-4be1-9b02-42b460d0ca01 | The gross specimen section of kidney depicts: | Renal cell carcinoma | Medullary cystic kidney | Polycystic kidney | Hydatid cyst | 2c | single | The specimen shows an enlarged kidney with cysts of varying sizes in both coex and medulla. Minimal normal kidney tissue is present and there is a complete loss of coicomedullary gradient. Choice B is ruled out as it has small shrunken kidneys. The gross specimen section of kidney depicts : Polycystic kidney Gross spec... | Medicine | Polycystic Kidneys |
1bd3b507-f689-4088-966a-436a64e7b995 | Indications of FESS | Inveed papilloma | Nasal allergic polyposis | Mucocele | Carcinoma of maxilla | 0a | multi | INDICATIONS : 1. Chronic bacterial sinusitis unresponsive to adequate medical treatment. 2. Recurrent acute bacterial sinusitis. 3. Polypoid rhinosinusitis (diffuse nasal polyposis). 4. Fungal sinusitis with fungal ball or nasal polypi. 5. Antrochoanal polyp. 6. Mucocele of frontoethmoid or sphenoid sinus. 7. Control o... | ENT | Diagnostic and operative ENT |
42c5020d-6eb1-4869-ae07-99b7727b7022 | As compared to unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparins | Are absorbed more uniformly when given subcutaneously | Require more frequent laboratory monitoring | Cannot be given to patients with heparin induced thrombocytopenia | Predispose to a higher risk of osteopenia | 0a | single | Low molecular weight heparin has higher subcutaneous bioavailability. Lab monitoring is not required unlike heparin. LMWH has lower risk of osteoporosis and lower incidence of thrombocytopenia. From medical pharmacology padmaja 4th edition Page no 337, 339 | Pharmacology | Hematology |
a7d06fbb-754a-4758-88e6-0796ed033fa4 | Which of the following tendons has attachments on sustentaculum tali? | Tibialis anterior | Tibialis posterior | Flexor digitorum longus | Flexer hallucis longus | 1b | multi | SUSTENTACULUM TALI:- Medial surface of calcaneum bone is concave from above downwards.The concavity is attenuated by the presence of a shelf like projection of bone, called the sustentaculum tali.The groove on the lower surface of sustentaculum tali is occupied by tendon of FHL.Medial margin is related to tendon of fle... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
806d6549-5ea0-4f0f-8448-95cf02f8541c | Buttressing bone formation is a | Process which is always peripheral | Occurs normally | Occurs when excessive occlusal forces are present | Process which is always endosteal | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
e47d1972-5671-4f25-a80c-9377f7d1cbf7 | Quaernary ammonium compound disinfectants are ? | Anionic | Cationic | Neutral | Gases | 1b | single | Quaternary ammonium compounds are cationic detergents. They have microcidal and viricidal activities. They can be used for instrument disinfection and skin antisepsis. | Biochemistry | null |
dc33294d-92d8-4d81-97f2-bca140b327b9 | In exhaled air, normal pCO2 pressure is: | 36 mm Hg | 27 mm Hg | 40 mm Hg | 17 mm Hg | 1b | single | (Refer: Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 24th edition, pg no: 635) | Unknown | null |
d8e24580-444e-4b1e-abd1-4517671caa9b | True about fluorescent antibody detection test in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum are all except? | It is an immunochromatographic test | Detection of histidine rich protein 1 | Detection of lactate dehydrogenase antigen | Detection of glutamate dehydrogenase antigen | 1b | multi | The diagnosis of malaria involves identification of malarial parasite or its antigens/products in the blood -
The diagnosis of malaria is confirmed by blood tests and can be divided into microscopic and nonmicroscopic tests.
1) Microscopic test
For nearly a hundred years, the direct microscopic visualisation of the ... | Medicine | null |
916ff9d1-16ef-4ca7-a46c-864886bc3e1d | A 21-year-old medical student suffered a needle stick injury. The patient has a history of illicit intravenous drugs abuse. One month later, the medical student develops jaundice. Which of the following findings would implicate hepatitis B as the etiology? | Positive hepatitis B surface antigen | Positive antihepatitis B surface antibody | Positive antihepatitis A antibody | Positive antihepatitis B-core antibody | 0a | single | The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen means actively replicating virus, and in the context of the history of recent needle-stick injury, this likely represents a hepatitis B infection. During the acute episode of disease, when there is active viral replication, large amounts of HBsAg and hepatitis B virus DNA can... | Microbiology | null |
617af05c-59f3-48de-9f94-b4ebe0027213 | MRI can detect | Magnetic FB | Iron FB | Wooden foreign body | All of the above | 3d | multi | (All of the above) (6, 11-S. Bhadury 2nd essentials of radiology and imaging) (133-35-B & L 25th) Disadvantage of MRI * Very high cost of imaging * Inability to image bone and calcium * It is unsuitable for patients with cardiac pacemakers and other ferromagnetic implants. * Imaging time is long, hence movement or moti... | Unknown | null |
bead378e-5abd-4b58-a926-28f13a9a6a89 | Characteristic lab findings of hemophilia A are –a) ↑ PTb) ↑ aPTTc) X–linked recessived) Presence of 30% of factor level express the diseasee) Increased bleeding time | a | c | ac | bc | 3d | single | Hemophilia A
Hemophilia A is due to deficiency offactor VIII.
Hemophilia 'A' is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait.
Factor VIII is an intrinsic pathway component required for activation of factor ... | Pediatrics | null |
f0a46c0f-e551-46e6-bb1b-1ae140b5f972 | Complication of trauma to danger area of face - | Cavernous sinus infection | Meningitis | Visual loss | Loss of memory | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cavernous sinus infection o The area of upper lip and the lowrer part of nose is the danger area of face. It is due to that this area is the common site of infection.o This area is drained by facial vein wrhich communicates with the cavernous sinus through the superior ophthalmic vein and pterygoid ve... | ENT | Nose and PNS |
b27f51e1-eb0b-48cb-b9db-3756e8b8fb44 | The drugs not used for treatment of osteoporosis are - | Biphosphonates | Steroids | Denosumab | Calciam | 1b | single | A.General 1.Bedrest 2.Local heat 3.Analgesics 4.Exercise: Regular walking or other weight bearing exercise for 1 hour 3 times a week protects bone mass 5.Prevention of injury (most hip and wrist fractures are caused by falls). 6.Excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be avoided. B.Antiresorptive agents 1.... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
66362243-deb3-44bf-921b-9e138e917749 | Which type of pelvis is associated with increased incidence of ‘face to pubis’ delivery? | Gynaecoid pelvis | Anthropoid pelvis | Android pelvis | Platypelloid pelvis | 1b | single | As discussed in the text in Table 1.1 face-to-pubis delivery is common in anthropoid pelvis. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
ea2485ab-d8aa-47d3-bf19-d12c864e5f8e | In a survey, many children are examined and were found to have urogenital abnormalities. Which congenital anomaly is associated with increased risk of bladder carcinoma. | Medullary sponge kidney | Bladder exstrophy | Unilateral renal agenesis | Double ureter | 1b | single | Ans is b ie Bladder exstrophy Congenital anomalies associated with increased risk of bladder cancer are: - patent urachus - exstrophy bladder - Both increase the risk for adenocarcinoma. | Surgery | null |
0dea65bf-079e-476c-8837-48fe2011586b | Renal osteodystrophy is due to:- | Increased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney | No synthesis of calcitriol in kidney | Decreased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney | Fluctuating production of calcitriol in kidney | 2c | single | Renal rickets/ renal osteodystrophy - This is seen in patients with chronic renal failure. Renal rickets is mainly due to decreased synthesis of calcitriol in kidney. lt can be treated by administration of calcitriol.
Reference: Satyanarayana- Biochemistry, 3rd edition, pg-128 | Biochemistry | null |
4f2068ff-b32f-4526-8879-395802e93110 | A 35 year old athlete has height 184 cm., arm span 194 cm., pulse rate 64/min., BP 148/64 mm Hg. Chest auscultation reveals long diastolic murmur over right 2nd intercostal space on routine examination. The probable diagnosis is : | Aoic regurgitation | Atrial septal defect | Ebstein anomaly | Coarctation of aoa | 0a | single | Answer is A (A.R.): Arm span greater than height is suggestive of Marfan's syndrome. Aoic regurgitation (A.R.) is a feature associated with Marfans as well as consistent with a diastolic murmur is second right intercostal space. | Medicine | null |
766bd6df-78a7-4255-a185-cc72d3a21fb8 | Active metabolite form in synthesis of fatty acid is:- | Acetyl CoA | Malonyl CoA | Stearate | Palmitate | 1b | single | Staing material in FA synthesis is Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA (2C) - Malonyl CoA -Used for FA Synthesis Malonyl CoA is the Main active metabolite used. Each time during elongation of fatty acid chain the addition of 2C carbons taking place are derived from malonyl CoA. So, it the active metabolite of fatty acid synthesis. | Biochemistry | NEET 2018 |
62dbbcda-db62-4c45-8529-feb80388b7a2 | Which of the following drug needs no dose modification in TB with CRF? | Ethambutol | Rifampicin | INH | Pyrazinamide | 1b | single | In CRF we can give full dose of rifampicin because this drug is completely metabolize in liver | Anatomy | All India exam |
3664e5c1-e199-4119-9796-62aea6a56ffd | A 35 years old mother of two children is suffering from amenorrhea for last 12 months. She has history of failure of lactation following 2nd delivery but remained asymptomatic thereafter. Skull X-ray shows "Empty sella". Most likely diagnosis is: | Menopause | Pituitary tumor | Sheehan's syndrome | Intraductal papilloma of breast | 2c | single | Amenorrhea, failure of lactation and "Empty sella" in skull X-ray give the diagnosis of Sheehan's syndrome. Ref: Current Obs and Gynae Diagnosis and Treatment 8th Edition, Page 446 ;Internal Medicine: An Illustrated Radiological Guide By Jarrah Ali Al-Tubaikh, 2010, Page 247 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b419265e-84d7-41ca-9228-8e27aaf8dd95 | 15-year-old girl presented with primary amenorrhea with orderly appearance of secondary sexual characteristics like breast and pubic hair. What is the next best step for this patient: | Reassure | USG | HSG | Hormonal study | 1b | multi | In the question the girl is 15 yrs with normal secondary sexual characteristics, she is a case of primary amenorrhea and needs evaluation (reassurance could have been given had the patient been younger than 15 years) The next impoant step would be an USG to check whether she has normal mullerian structures (uterus and ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Menstruation, Abnormal Menstruation, Menopausal Physiology and forsight of conception |
ad223f30-3c4a-4844-9863-0997df424bbe | Optic cup give rise to ? | Lens | Retina | Cornea | Sclera | 1b | single | Ans. is `b' i.e., RetinaThe inner layer of optic cup forms the main structure of the retina. From its anterior border develop pas of ciliary body and iris. | Anatomy | null |
ca80dc40-833b-474b-bcb8-ae5ceae1876f | A 6-year-old child with recurrent UI with mouth breath ing and failure to grow with high arched palate and impaired hearing should be managed by | Tonsillectomy | Myringotomy with grommet inseion | Adenoidectomy with grommet inseion | Grommet inseion | 2c | single | The child is having recurrent UI with high arched palate and failure to grow which indicates child is having adenoids and since there is impaired hearing it means child has developed otitis media as a complication. Hence logically the child should be treated with adenoidectomy with grommet inseion. Ref:- Scott Brown; p... | ENT | Pharynx |
d5d7f477-add8-424d-a05f-7d29840c5161 | Transamination reaction requires which vitamin? | Thiamine | Pyridoxin | Riboflavin | Pentothenic acid | 1b | single | Pyridoxal phosphate (active form of vitamin B6) is the coenzyme for transamination reactions. | Biochemistry | null |
7092856a-2b6f-4517-a787-da7f70051b54 | Osgood schlatters disease involves? | Tibial tuberosity | Femoral condyle | Lateral malleolus | Medial malleolus | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Tibial tuberosityRef.-.Apley's system of orthopaedics and fractures edited by Louis Solomon, dividwarwicky selvadurainayagam 9/e, p 575-576y 887) | Orthopaedics | Avascular Necrosis |
323eeeff-a9e0-4765-8e51-36fecc9a3c6b | A 28 years old male presented with diarrhea for 6 months. On examination the causative agent was found to be acid fast with 12 micrometer diameter. What is the MOST likely causative agent? | Cryptosporidium | Isospora | Cyclospora | Giardia | 2c | single | Cyclospora oocysts take days or weeks to become infectious, and because of this, direct person to person transmission through fecal exposure is unlikely to occur. Cyclosporiasis has been linked to waterborne and foodborne infections. Altered mucosal architecture with shoening of intestinal villi due to diffuse edema an... | Microbiology | null |
cd0ebcdc-c826-463f-97fc-0ed671ff8ab0 | Ecthyma gangrenosum in a neutropenic patient is caused by which of the following organism? | Fungal infection | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Staphylococcus | Streptococcus | 1b | single | Ecthyma gangrenosum is a localized cellulitis with necrotizing and ulcerative evolution occurring in immunocompromised or neutropenic patients, mainly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Two pathogenic mechanisms are recognized; one occurring as the result of the presence of P. aeruginosa during bacteriemia, and the seco... | Skin | null |
983a0ac6-f6bd-457e-b272-36378d4f303f | which of the following mumurs will increase with valsalva ? | MR | VSD | AS | HOCM | 3d | single | HOCM REF: harrisons 21st ed | Medicine | All India exam |
76e691a1-e1ed-4995-b0c6-60663d2fc493 | Complement level is reduced in: | Minimal change | Membranous | Focal & segmental | Membrane proliferative GN | 3d | single | Ans. D. Membrane proliferative GNMembranoproliferative GlomerulonephritisCauses of Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis1. Type I Disease (Most Common)a. Idiopathicb. SLEc. Endocarditisd. Hepatitis Ce. Hepatitis Bf. Mixed cryoglobulinemiag. Cancer: Lung, breast, and ovary (germinal)2. Type II Disease (Dense Deposit ... | Medicine | Kidney |
cefb8c6f-d30d-4af2-a65b-91a391c63025 | The 23 valent pneumococci vaccine is recommended in all except - | CSF leak | Chronic cardiac disease | Chidren less than 2 years | Nephrotic syndrome | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Children less then 2 years Pneumacoccal vaccine . There are two types of pneumococcal vaccines available : ? 1) Polyvalent (23 type) polysaccharide vaccine This polysaccharide vaccine represents the capsular antigen of 23 most prevalent serotypes. - It gives 80-90% protection which is long lasting (5 ... | Microbiology | null |
a63d7667-8f01-480f-9ae8-354750e8c343 | The drug of choice for schistosomiasis is: | Albendazole | Metronidazole | Praziquantel | Triclabendazole | 2c | single | This novel anthelmintic has wide ranging activity against Schistosomes, other trematodes, cestodes and their larval forms but not nematodes ESSENTIALS OF PHARMACOLOGY page no. 855 | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
94334499-a6b2-4393-b3cc-f07406aa6bb9 | Most common cause of epidural abscess | Staphylococcus | Streptococcus | Gram negative bacilli | Microanerophilic anaerobic streptococci | 0a | single | Harrison's principles of internal medicine. * Staphylococci or gram negative organisms are the usual cause of an epidural abscess | Medicine | C.N.S |
64419496-3fe2-45a0-934e-83113d927654 | Which one of the following is the description used for the term allodynia during pain management ? | Absence of pain perception | Complete lack of pain sensation | Unpleasant sensation with or without a stimulus | Perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as severe pain | 3d | multi | Allodynia refers to perception of an ordinarily non-noxious stimulus as pain. | Anaesthesia | null |
8af7fe0b-5f4d-43e3-a4d3-5493fbe79d69 | Quinsy refers to ? | Intra-tonsillar abscess | Peritonsillar abscess | Submandibular abscess | Retropharyngeal abscess | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Peritonsillar abscess Ouinsy (Peritonsillar abscess) Quinsy consists of suppuration outside the capsule in the area around the capsule. There is collection of pus between the capsule of tonsil and the superior constrictor muscle, i.e. in the peritonsillar area. Peritonsillar abscess is a complication ... | ENT | null |
a889af18-37a2-4753-b59b-8dfae6fb164a | In Colle's fracture, distal fragment is: March 2003 | Shifted dorsally | Angulated laterally | Supinated | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. D i.e. All of the above | Surgery | null |
87687ecb-4968-458d-95ed-221c4bf94829 | X Ray view of fracture of nasal bone includes all except | Submental view | Waters view | Occlusal view | Lateral view | 0a | multi | .X-RAYS FOR NASAL FRACTURES 1. Lateral view of nasal bones : Both right and left lateral views should be taken. Fracture line and depression or elevation of the fractured segment is seen. Lower pa of nasal bones is thin and fractured more frequently. Groove for ethmoidal nerve and vessels can be seen running downwards ... | ENT | Miscellaneous ENT |
7a6595cc-e0ea-4918-a01c-a5df3532c0f3 | The most common organism causing food poisoning in canned food is | S typhi | V cholarae | H pylori | C botulinum | 3d | single | Clostridium botulinum: strict anaerobic, cause botulism. Source of foodborne botulism is preserved food, meat and meat products, canned foods. Proteolytic varieties can digest food, which appears spoiled. The cans are often inflated and show bubbles on opening. Non-proteolytic varieties have food unchanged. Reference: ... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
2bffc2ec-558d-497c-af18-07d18621d20d | A 40 year old male patient has a large, foul smelling ulcer with bright red granulation tissue over the glans penis. There was no lymphadenopathy. The most likely diagnosis is: | Syphilis | Chancroid | LGV | Granuloma inguinale | 3d | single | Ulcer with red granulation tissue (beafy red) and absence of lymph nodes suggests the diagnosis of granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis. | Dental | null |
d3a380fe-4e2f-4651-816b-a8f05d953939 | Staph aureus causes - | Erythrasma | Chancroid | Acne vulgaris | Bullous impetigo | 3d | single | Option 1 Erythrasma Cause :Corynebacterium minutissimum Appears in the folds of the skin In warm or humid climates Option 2 Chancroid/soft sore Cause : H. Ducreyi Painful lymph node, tender non-indurated and bleeding genital ulcer. Option 3 S. aureus doesn't cause acne vulgaris. Option 4 lmpetigo- 2 types :- i) Non-bul... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology Pa 1 (Gram Positive Cocci, Gram Negative Cocci) |
9c6fc46c-e497-4192-ad02-7cba6df481d0 | Loud S1 in Mitral stenosis is caused by: | Prolonged flow through mitral valve | 1st degree hea block | Calcification of the valve | Immobilization of valve | 0a | single | Answer is A (Prolonged flow through mitral valve) Loud SI in mitral stenosis results from prolonged AV flow through the mitral vain `S1 is louder i fAV flow is prolonged because of mitral stenosis' -- Harrison Reduced mobility of valve (Immobility, calcification), and Prolonged PR interval (1st degree block) are all ca... | Medicine | null |
2013e05b-3adc-4c1c-9e90-d45f43890c94 | Fournier's gangrene affects | Cheek area | Perineal area | Abdominal wall | Toes | 1b | multi | Ref:Bailey and love 27th edition Pg no :419 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
b5130aa2-1908-48fd-9013-19a83781750c | In 1st trimester, all of the following can be well appreciated, except | Nuchal Translucency | CRL | Hydrocephalous | Anencephaly | 2c | multi | Crown rump length- Ideal time to measures CRL is 7 - 10 weeks Anencephaly - Earliest anomaly to be detected on USG , can be defected earliest by 10 weeks. Nuchal translucency - sonographic marker of down syndrome / aneuploidy in 1st trimester (seen at 10-12 weeks). Hydrocephalus can be seen around 20 - 24 weeks or beyo... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Diagnosis of Pregnancy |
7a5ad2d0-6740-4592-8fc2-de431f928f94 | Diastolic hea failure is impairment in the filling of the left ventricle. Which of the following is LEAST likely to occur? | Improvement of the patient's condition with administration of calcium channel blocker | Decreased compliance of the hea Increased left atrial pressure | Increased left atrial pressure | Improvement of patient's condition with administration of a positive inotropic agent | 3d | single | Diastolic dysfunction is an impairment in the filling of the left ventricle ("stiff ventricle") caused by decreased compliance at a normal left atrial pressure. Systolic hea failure, which is an impairment in contractility, has a better response to positive inotropic agents. Most patients have a combination of both sys... | Physiology | Cardiovascular system |
61336a51-530e-48f5-8661-f6c01bf6cbc2 | Recommended anticopper drug for Wilson's disease in paediatric patients is: | Trientine | Zinc | Tetrathiomolybdate | d-penicillamine | 1b | single | Recommended Anticopper Drugs for Wilson's Disease: Disease status DOC Hepatitis/cirrhosis without decompensation Zinc Mild hepatic decompensation Trientine and Zinc Moderate hepatic decompensation Trientine and Zinc Severe hepatic decompensation Liver transplantation Pediatric Zinc Pregnant Zinc Reference: Harrisons Pr... | Medicine | null |
b6b3e0f5-9915-4137-883d-6aa9ad0673d5 | Which of the following structure is present over the mediastinal surface of right lung: | Azygos vein | Right thoracic duct | Aorta | Trachea | 0a | single | Ans. A Azygos veinRef: Gray's Anatomy 41st ed. P 955Mediastinal Surface of Right LungOn the mediastinal surface of the right lung, you find these structures:* Azygos vein and its arch (posterior and over the root of the lung).* Vagus nerve posterior to the root of the lung.* Esophagus posterior to the root.* Phrenic ne... | Anatomy | Thorax |
6c4d2a50-5f58-4579-a10a-a54986b642cd | A 54 year old man is evaluated by a neurologist because of a gait disorder. When the physician passively moves the patient's right great toe upward or downward, the patient cannot accurately repo the direction of motion, although his perception of light touch and painful stimuli is unimpaired.This finding can best be e... | Right fasciculus cuneatus | Right fasciculus gracilis | Right lateral lemniscus | Right medial lemniscus | 1b | single | The patient's inability to detect the position of his toe reflects a lack of conscious proprioception for this pa of his body. Conscious proprioception, discriminative touch, and vibration sense are all carried by the dorsal column/medial lemniscus system. The fact that he can still perceive light touch and painful sti... | Anatomy | null |
cc0700e1-aeea-43e1-8510-d622cfaab807 | Which among the following is the BEST parameter for estimation of fetal age by ultrasound in third trimester? | Femur length | Biparietal diameter | Abdominal circumference | Inter-ocular distance | 0a | single | In the third trimester femur length is most accurate to estimate the gestational age. Gestational age in the first trimester is usually calculated by from fetal crown rump length. This is the longest demonstrable length of the embryo or fetus excluding the limbs and the yolk sac. Four fetal parameters routinely measure... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6dc92154-4813-4778-bf1f-2d17b3f38d6e | Which drug is not included in RNTCP regime for MDR TB - | Cycloserine | Ethionamide | Levofloxacin | PAS | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., PAS Treatment of multidrug resistance (MDR) TBo MDR-TB is defined as resistance to at least both IIS H and rifampicin. Previously it was classified as Category IV under DOTS (DOTS-PLUS).o The treatment is given in two phases, the intestive phase (IP) and the continuation phase (CP). The total duration... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health Programmes in India |
45aa358f-85b1-417a-883d-b51c4523bb55 | Two month old baby presented with non bilious vomiting and a palpable epigastric lump. which among the following will be investigation of choice | USG abdomen | Xray abdomen | Upper GI Series | CT abdomen | 0a | single | Ans) a (USG abdomen) Ref Nelson 18th ed pi555Above clinical scenario is about the classical presentation of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.Ultrasound examination confirms the diagnosis in the majority of cases and allots an earlier diagnosis in infants with suspected disease but no pyloric mass on physical examination.C... | Pediatrics | Gastro Intestinal System |
afedb75f-9a9b-45ac-a8e9-971789abd876 | Hyperlipidemia is caused by intake of ? | Calcium channel blockers | beta-blocker | Methyldopa | Reserpine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., beta-Blocker Drugs causing hvperiglyceridemia ? o Estrogen o Furosemide o Bile acid - binding resin o HIV protease inhibitors. o beta-blockers o Glucocoicoids o Retinoic acid | Pharmacology | null |
b9f9a49f-c400-4fb7-9a5a-0e679c3553c9 | Criminal negligence is punishable under : | 306 IPC | 307 IPC | 304-A IPC | 304-B IPC | 2c | single | C i.e. 304 A | Forensic Medicine | null |
ca4846fd-8e49-4b20-91f8-58939d22235b | After suxamethonium 50mg, apnea persists for one hour -- | treatment with cholnesterase is indicated | Probably an atypical cholinesterase is present | Treatment with stored blood is indicated | Apnea may be due to low serum potassium concentration | 1b | single | Suxamethonium is a depolarising muscle relaxant used to rapidly gain optimal intubating conditions. It is normally metabolised within 5 minutes by plasma cholinesterase. Some patients lack this enzyme or have an altered enzyme that does not metabolise the suxamethonium as rapidly. These patients may remain paralysed fo... | Anaesthesia | Muscle relaxants |
b43b4c4d-f529-4843-b4b5-a14a3a7297b5 | Which is not included in millennium development goals? | Number of oral pills intake in a community | Propoion of children underweight | Propoion of population using biomass fuel | Tuberculosis morbity and moality | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Number of oral pills intake in a community The indicators included in MDG are:? 1) Prevalence of underweight children (under five years of age). 2) Propoion (%) of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption. 3) Under-five moality rate. 4) Infant moality rate. 5) Propoion (%) of 1 yea... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
538a0732-230c-419a-bae4-901ea6a00c2f | True about diabetes in pregnancy are all except: | Glucose challenge test is done between 24-28 weeks | 50 gm of sugar is given for screening test | Insulin resistance improves with pregnancy | Diabetes control before conception is important to prevent malformation | 2c | multi | Ans. is c, i.e. Insulin resistance improves with pregnancyRef. Dutta 7/e, p 282 for option a, b, 283 for option c and 285 for option d; Fernando Arias 3/e, p 440, 442, 443In pregnancy, the insulin sensitivity decreases i.e. insulin resistance increases as the gestation advances mainly due to anti insulin signals produc... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical & Surgical Illness Complication Pregnancy |
ca8e3170-7f95-43a5-9807-a5fc75955fc2 | Bone, which usually does not have a medullary cavity: | Fibula | Clavicle | Humerus | Ulna | 1b | multi | Clavicle is generally said to have no medullary cavity, but this is not always true Peculiarities of Clavicle:It has no medullary cavityIt is the first bone to ossify in the fetus (5th-6th week)It is the only long bone having 2 primary centers of ossification (others have only 1)It is the only long bone that ossifies i... | Anatomy | null |
e2206371-dadf-4c0f-83fa-9693b3cf4f6a | An 18 year old man is evaluated for possible immunodeficiency disease because of a life-long history of chronic lung infections, recurrent otitis media, and multiple episodes of bacterial meningitis. While total IgG is normal, the patient is found to have a selective deficiency of IgG2. An associated deficiency of whic... | C3 | C4 | IgA | IgE | 2c | single | IgG subclass deficiency is one of the more minor forms of immunodeficiency disease, and most patients with this condition who are optimally managed can expect a normal life span. The typical presentation is as illustrated in the question stem. The deficiency may involve either or both IgG2 and IgG3 with or without IgG4... | Medicine | null |
2876e565-9217-40aa-a0df-cea302a48aa3 | A 23 year old female has abdominal lump that is movable and painless. On exploratory laparotomy, a cystic lump is found arising from mesentery which has no lymphatic supply but has independent blood supply. What is the probable diagnosis? | Chylomyphatic mesenteric cyst | Enterogenous mesenteric cyst | Ectopic pregnancy | Pelvic abscess | 0a | single | Mesenteric Cyst More common in females Usually seen in 2nd decade. CHYLOLYMPHATIC MESENTERIC CYST ENTEROGENOUS MESENTERIC CYST Congenitally misplaced lymphatics in ileum with Afferent lymphatics only. No efferent lymphatics | The chyle will collect | Progressive increase in size of cyst independent blood supply to cyst... | Surgery | Peritoneum |
7dc7c16e-7af6-4857-b7aa-8f100998fff0 | Disease imported in a country, which was not otherwise present? | Epornithic disease | Zoonotic disease | Exotic disease | Epizootic disease | 2c | single | Ans. c (Exotic) (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/pg. 90)Exotic diseaseDisease imported in a country, which was not otherwise present.Epizootic disease# Disease affecting a large number of population at the same time within a particular region or geographic area.# Epizootic disease has the potential for very serious and rapid spread... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Health and Disease |
c0b6a239-988f-4b64-9400-b05f0dda5294 | Repetitive stimulation increases pain sensation, the probable cause is | Hyper-sensitization | Decreased reflex time | Increase in threshold of pain | Decreased receptor area | 0a | single | Repetitive stimulation causes release of chemical mediators such as histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins etc, which increase the sensitivity of nociceptors. | Physiology | null |
ac367bf6-beb8-4f8d-a6dc-cb1fd69ca5f3 | The outer covering of diatom is made of - | Magnesium | Silica | Hydrocarbons | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Silicon o The extracellular coat of diatoms has silica.o Diatoms are unicellular algae, suspended in water.o They have silicaceous cell wall (i.e. cell wall contains silica) which resist acid digestion and putrefaction,o Only live body with a circulation can transport diatoms form lung to brain, bone ... | Forensic Medicine | Injuries |
ced3e25a-8dfd-4b74-9d1e-fc1949df36f7 | Study the following table of population in a district and the average population served per doctor. Calculate the harmonic mean: AREA POPULATION SERVED PER DOCTOR POPULATION NUMBER OF DOCTORS RURAL 1000 50000 50 URBAN 500 50000 100 TOTAL 100000 150 | 500 | 567 | 667 | 750 | 2c | single | Calculation of harmonic mean is as follows: (50000+50000)/(50000/100+50000/50)=667 Ref : Medical biostatistics, 1st edition pg: 118 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
49075091-0c44-49c3-ae68-6f1b6d4050de | The weight of the child at 3 years is usually_______ times the bih weight | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 2c | multi | <p> weight of new born Weight of child in nude or minimal clothing is measured accurately on a lever or electronic type of weighing scale. Spring balances are less accurate. The weighing scale should have a minimum unit of 100g. Child should be placed in middle of pan. Age Weight(kg) Bih. 3 6 months 6 (doubles) 1 yr. 9... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
0bc19538-f5ed-4632-8096-418659549a1d | N Methyl Glycine is known as: | Betaine | Sarcosine | Carnosine | Ergothionine | 1b | single | Sarcosine/ N-methylglycine = intermediate and by-product in Glycine synthesis and degradation * Ergothionine is a thiourea derivative of Histidine, containing a sulfur atom on the imidazole ring * Betaine is N,N,N-Trimethylglycine, present in beet sugar. * Carnosine (Beta-Alanyl-L-Histidine), has Imidazole ring like Hi... | Biochemistry | Glycine Metabolism Detail |
0b05e7b2-2a2e-4195-95d6-626ed75d96f7 | 40 yrs old diabetic patient presents with round lesions for 2 weeks on abdomen. HPE shows palisading granuloma. What is the diagnosis? | Granuloma annulare | Pemphigus erythematosus | Leprosy | Tinea | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Granuloma annulare Points in favour are:* Diabetic patient* Annular lesions* Palisading granuloma on HPE (most important)Palisading granulomas* They are a subtype of necrotizing granuloma in which the mononuclear phagocytes at the periphery have elongated or spindle-shaped nuclei that are palisaded and... | Skin | Bacterial Infection of Skin |
d7c6c097-5e91-4e48-ae3f-1d5dbfd9f2c5 | Not a member of SAARC region | India | Africa | Sri Lanka | Afghanistan | 1b | single | Members of SAARC region
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
India
Sri Lanka
Nepal
Bhutan
Maldives Islands
Pakistan | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
23eb30d9-4af1-422c-9983-faafa78064de | For Dextroelevation of the eye, muscles acting are - | Right lateral rectus and left medial rectus | Right superior rectus and left inferior oblique | Right inferior rectus and left superior oblique | Bilateral superior recti and inferior obliques | 1b | single | Dextroelevation: Right superior rectus and left inferior oblique Levoelevation: Left superior rectus and right Inferior oblique Dextroversion: Right lateral rectus and left medial rectus Levoversion: Left lateral rectus and right medial rectus Dextrodepression: Right inferior rectus and left superior oblique Levodepres... | Ophthalmology | Ocular motility and squint |
d23178f7-4b65-47dc-9fea-1ce9fbdd0759 | Hemosiderin contains | Calcium | Magnesium | None | Iron | 3d | multi | Hemosiderin
It is hemoglobin derived, golden yellow to brown, granular or crystalline pigment in which form iron is stored in cells.
When there is local or systemic excess of iron, ferritin forms hemosiderin granules.
Thus hemosiderin pigment represents aggregrates of ferritin micelles.
Under normal conditions small a... | Pathology | null |
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