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18413285-5ca7-4e41-9ea0-4ce3968cc147 | Which of the following enzymes is involved in the urea cycle? | Asparginase | Glutaminase | Argininosuccinate synthetase | Glutamate dehydrogenase | 2c | single | Argininosuccinate synthase links aspartate and citrulline via the amino group of aspartate and provides the second nitrogen of urea. | Biochemistry | null |
dd0260d7-0605-42e7-8ada-b0fd78528701 | Vector for Trypanosoma Cruzi is | Tse - Tse fly | Reduvid bug | Sand fly | Black fly | 1b | single | Transmission is by rubbing of reduviid bugs. | Microbiology | null |
241047cf-05aa-46c9-be97-933351fb0cbd | 'V' Wave in JVP is due to- | Right atrial contraction | Right atrial relaxation | Closure of tricuspid valve | Isovolumetric relaxation | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Closure of tricuspid valveJugular venous pressure (JVP)* The variations in right atrial pressure are transmitted to the jugular veins, producing three positive waves (a, c and v) and two negative waves/descents (x and y).1) a-wave : It is presystolic 'positive' wave due to right atrial contraction (ri... | Physiology | Heart, Circulation, and Blood |
bd86be75-46f2-437b-9080-043a91e49109 | Most common organism which can contaminates crowded army camps is ? | Klebsiella | E. coli | Neisseria meningitidis | Staphylococcus | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Neisseria meningitidis Epidemics of Neisseria meningitidis usually occur in closed crowded conditions like jails or army camps. | Microbiology | null |
00cb8783-7769-4c3a-ad21-42cb46a31d9b | The chromosomal complement in persons with Klinefelter's syndrome is: March 2011 | 45, XO | 47, XXX | 46, XY | 47, XXY | 3d | single | Ans. D: 47, XXY Genetic analysis reveals the karyotype of klinefelter's syndrome to be 47 XXY Klinefelter syndrome/ 46 or 47, XXY/ XXY syndrome It is a condition with an extra X chromosome. Because of the extra chromosome, individuals with the condition are usually referred to as "XXY Males", or "47, XXY Males" Klinefe... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f389f572-ef42-4718-9881-ab1d8123514e | Which of the following drug has uricosuric action? | Nifedipine | Amlodipine | Atenolol | Carvedilol | 1b | single | Amlodipine, losaan & fenofibrate have mild uricosuric action. Benzbromarone is new uricosuric drug. | Pharmacology | All India exam |
3c9ec1c6-93ed-4f9f-bc6b-94b4881561ed | Sun ray fungus is | Actinomyces irraeli | Chromoblastomycosis | Streptomyces griseus | Cryptococcus | 0a | single | Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae. The aspect of these colonies initially led to the incorrect assumption that the organism was a fungus and to the name Actinomyces, "ray fungus" Ref : Ananthanarayana textbook of Microbiology 9th edition Pgno : 391 | Microbiology | mycology |
55e924f7-41f9-4127-99d8-d1e4fa1fa299 | Rosenthal's syndrome is seen in deficiency of factor ? | II | V | IX | XI | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., XI | Surgery | null |
572964fa-fb6b-4c8a-849e-3e45a1584e41 | Commonest site of Atopic dermatitis is? | Scalp | Elbow | Trunk | Ante cubital fossa | 3d | single | D i.e. Antecubital fossa | Skin | null |
59d8a59b-a814-4653-b1fa-7708420fdfc4 | A person who may be impotent with one paicular woman is called :- | Quoad hoc | Frigidity | Atavistic form | None of the above | 0a | multi | Quoad hoc : A person who may be impotent with one paicular woman Frigidity: Failure of a female to respond to sexual stimulus; aversion on the pa of a woman to sexual intercourse; failure of a female to achieve an orgasm (anorgasmia) during sexual intercourse. Atavistic form is a historical approach used to explain cri... | Forensic Medicine | Impotency, Virginity, pregnancy & aboion |
45640eed-6506-4a0b-8d5b-1b72ee765d71 | Besides stimulation of M3 receptors located on endothelial cells, the main mechanism of vasodilatory actions of acetylcholine includes which of the following? | Decrease in endothelin by acetylcholine released from cholinergic nerves in blood vessels | Inhibition of norepinephrine release from adrenergic nerve endings | Stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells | Effects on autoregulation particularly in coronary vascular beds. | 1b | single | Most of the blood vessels contain cholinergic M3 receptors but no parasympathetic nerve supply.
Exogenously administered ACh can stimulate M3 receptors and result in vasodilation.
Stimulation of M3 receptors increases the production of NO (endothelium-derived relaxing factor; EDRF) that causes smooth muscle relaxation ... | Pharmacology | null |
76d913c7-a8b0-4e04-b31e-9a649838fcd4 | Deaths from lactic acidosis in diabetes mellitus is associated with therapy with which one of the following- | Metformin | Tolbutamide | Phenformin | Glipizide | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Phenformin | Pharmacology | null |
23694d08-9127-41f5-bf3c-25c806ccd5af | 5 yr old boy was presented to the OPD by his mother with complaints of pain in the perineal region on examination of sample taken with nitric acid from his peri'anal region showed yellow crystal of what is the test done | Teichmann's test | Barberios test | Takayama test | Florence | 1b | single | Barberio's test : Basis Detection of Spermin Procedure A few drops of Barberio's reagent when added to spermatic fluid produces crystals of sperm in picrate needle shaped rhombic & yellow color ref : narayanareddy | Forensic Medicine | All India exam |
b2bba04b-19c2-4676-9c37-8bfc72954100 | The adaption stage of a pedicle soft tissue graft takes | 0-3 days | 1-3 days | 0-4 days | 1-2 days | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
993be72b-c8ec-4580-bfd4-bb9532e5c265 | Which of the following is the chronic complication of malaria? | Pneumonia | Nephrotic syndrome. | Splenomegaly | Both 2 and 3 | 3d | multi | Unarousable Coma / cerebral malaria, convulsions
Renal Impairment
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema
Liver Dysfunction
Hypoglycemia
Metabolic acidosis/acidemia
Hematological abnormality like hemoglobinuria, normocytic anemia, bleeding, DIC
Other complications like jaundice, extreme weakness, hyperparasitemia, impaired cons... | Microbiology | null |
81f92ad6-d057-481c-a9f1-af9eae5b2f2e | Epididymis is covered by: | Tunica vaginalis | Tunica vsaculosa | Tunica albuginea | None of the above | 0a | multi | The epididymis is invested by tunica vaginalis, somewhat less closely applied than it is to the testis, except at its posterior margin. Ref: Gray's anatomy 40th edition, Chapter 97. | Anatomy | null |
77772f67-f7d5-4172-b4d3-ef4bb44f3671 | Bile is concentrated in the gall bladder to _________ times | 10-May | 15-Oct | 20-30 | 40-50 | 0a | multi | null | Surgery | null |
a1aec7e2-4e0e-4cd4-bafe-a6fbc633827b | 1st product of tryptophan catabolism is? | Kynerunine | Bradykinin | PAF | Xantheurenate | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) KynerunineREF: Harper's 27th ed ch: 29Tryptophanisdegradedto amphibolic intermediatesvia thekynurenine-anthranilate pathway. Tryptophan oxygenase (tryptophan pyrrolase) opens the indole ring, incorporates molecular oxygen, and forms N-formylkynurenine.Hydrolytic removal of the formyl group of AT-formylkynur... | Biochemistry | Amino Acid Metabolism |
e17373cf-39c2-45db-bdfa-e5a348d4b6b0 | All of the following drug is CYP3A inhibitor except aEUR' | Erythromycin | Itraconazole | Ritonavir | Saquinavir | 3d | multi | Saquinavir Drug metabolism Drug metabolism is divided into two genera! categories of phase I and phase II transformation reactions. Phase I This involves structural alteration of drug typically by processes involving oxidation, hydrolysis and reduction. - Phase I reactions introduce functional groups in drugs. - Reacti... | Pharmacology | null |
eabe0bed-a199-4591-8962-1f2927727bf2 | Which of the following benign tumor can be caused by prolonged use of oral contraceptive pills? | Hepatic adenoma | Thyroid adenoma | Fibroadenoma | Myoma | 0a | single | Adenomas have been repoed with prolonged use of OC pills and though they are benign, rupture of a hepatoma can be fatal. Because the hormones are metabolized in the liver, chronic liver diseases and recent jaundice contraindicate the use of pills. Also, Gall bladder function may be adversely affected. Gall stones are r... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives |
dbbc2bdc-0856-48de-b7d9-6ea0ea6c77fb | P. Carni causes infection of primarily ? | Rats | Mice | Humans | Rabbits | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rats . Although the organisms within the pneumocystis genus are morphologically very similar, they are genetically diverse and host specific --> P jirovecii infects humans, where as Pcarinii infects rats. | Microbiology | null |
de199236-369f-4bf9-a78f-1fc0236c4a46 | One month old baby is referred for failure to thrive. On examination there are features of congestive cardiac failure. Femoral pulses are feeble compared to brachial pulses. The likely diagnosis is | Coarctation of aoa | Patent ductus aeriosus | Congenital aoic stenosis | Congenital aoa-iliac disease | 0a | single | In coarctation of aoa there will be radiofemoral delay. Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:432 | Pediatrics | C.V.S |
086faef5-bd98-44e3-b6b6-5d52b9ee7a23 | Which of the following compound antagonizes the actions of insulin | Neuropeptide Y | Growth hormone | Substance P | Vasoactive intestinal peptide | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Growth hormone(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.434)Growth hormone is a diabetogenic hormone. It causes hyperglycemia. It antagonizes the action of insulin | Physiology | Endocrinology and Reproduction |
c4bdb5eb-326b-4356-a259-ef4439c30e1d | Atrial fibrillation may occur in all of the following conditions, except? | Mitral stenosis | Hypothyroidism | Dilated cardiomyopathy | Mitral regurgitation | 1b | multi | Causes of Atrial fibrillation: Rheumatic heart disease (MS and MR), Nonrheumatic mitral valve disease, Hypertensive cardio-vascular disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defect, Coronary heart disease, Thyrotoxicosis, Acute alcohol excess and alcohol withdrawal. | Medicine | null |
33a07857-94f5-4b67-8486-9cb00f97a968 | All are circular DNA EXCEPT: | Nuclear | Plasmid | Mitochondrial | Yeast | 0a | multi | Nuclear REF: Jawetz's 24th edition chapter 7 The Eukaryotic Genome The genome is the totality of genetic information in an organism. Almost all of the eukaryotic genome is carried on two or more linear chromosomes separated from the cytoplasm within the membrane of the nucleus. Eukaryotic cells contain mitochondria and... | Biochemistry | null |
7c3dfc4e-8768-4a09-8569-9ad322bf1eef | Ovarian reserve tests are : | LH | FSH | Plasma progesterone | Endometrial biopsy | 1b | single | FSH Extra Edge : Recently Mullerian Inhibiting Substance - MIS (also known as Antimullerian Hormone - AMH) has been investigated as a marker for ovarian reserve and for ovarian responsiveness to stimulation. It is produced by the Granulosa cells of preantral, and small antral follicles and inhibits the initiation of pr... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b3afd3c2-be78-462d-a101-0dca23e56bc3 | The National Health Policy 2002 target to be achieved by the year 2010 is - | Eradication of polio and yawsd | Elimination of leprosy | Achieve zero level growth of HIV\/AIDS | Reduce infant moality rate 30\/1000 live bihs | 3d | single | National health policy goals to be achieved by the year 2010 reduce moality by 50% on account of TB ,malaria and other vector and waterborne diseases Reduce prevalence of blindness to 0.5% Reduce IMR to 30/1000 and MMR to 100/lakh Increase utilization of public health facilities from current level of <20% to>75%(refer ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health care of community & international health |
a4f08bb2-7c2f-407e-b8af-ec1957d9db09 | Cornerstone treatment of dengue fever with warning signs without shock or hemorrhage is: | Platelet transfusion | IV fluids | Cryoglobulins | Antivirals | 1b | single | Ans. (B) IV fluids(Ref: Harrison's Principle of Internal Medicine 20th Ed; Page No-1508)The mainstay treatment for a patient of dengue with warning signs is IV fluids.The main pathology in dengue is plasma leakage resulting in intravascular volume depletion and thereby shock. So, the supportive management with continuo... | Medicine | Blood |
e70f15db-f225-4980-b729-a57f09039d65 | Central dot sign on CT SCAN - | Caroli's disease | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Polycystic liver disease | Liver hamartoma | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Caroli's disease o Central Dot sign on CT or USG is seen in (i) Caroli's disease (most common cause); (ii) Prebiliary cysts; (iii) Obstructive jaundice; and (iv) Periportal lymphedema. | Radiology | Abdominal Radiography |
6a9a033e-f908-4e74-9b9e-06e28e0425bc | An enlarging, conical "cutaneous horn" that has been present for more than a year projects 0.5 cm from a 0.7-cm base on the left lateral cheek of the face of a 58-year-old farmer. This lesion is excised, and microscopic 'examination shows basal cell hyperplasia. Some of the basal cells show nuclear atypicalities. This ... | Verruca vulgaris | Keratoacanthoma | Dysplastic nevus | Actinic keratosis | 3d | single | Actinic keratosis occurs on sun-exposed areas and is considered a precursor of squamous cell' carcinoma. When the atypical basal cells occupy the entire thickness of the epidermis, the lesion transforms into a carcinoma in situ. The presence of a hyperkeratotic layer is characteristic. Occasionally, so much keratin is ... | Surgery | null |
9a16c1ef-4dd1-4ec5-89fc-7c65d9650d5f | As Per WHO 2017 Global Recommendation, the latest addition to the treatment of postpaum hemorrhage is: | Late cord clamping is recommended for all bihs | Oxytocin 10 U IV/IM is the recommended uterotonic drug in the prevention of PPH | Intravenous oxytocin alone is the recommended uterotonic drug for the treatment of PPH | Early use of intravenous tranexamic acid is recommended in all cases of PPH | 3d | multi | The latest update in treatment of postpaum hemorrhage (PPH) as per WHO 2017 Global recommedations is the early use of intravenous tranexamic acid (a competitive inhibitor of plasminogen activation) is recommended in all cases of PPH. PPH is leading cause of maternal morbidity worldwide and in India. WHO 2012 recommenda... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
2cc1ed58-d6cb-4d39-aae7-bf587e640b80 | As per WHO guidelines, iodine deficiency disorders are endemic in the community when prevalence of goitre in school age children is more than – | 1% | 5% | 10% | 15% | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
6f7841ff-5df7-4bae-905b-5bbab9550381 | Popliteal aery pulsations are difficult to feel because | It is not superficial | It does not cross prominent bone | It is not superficial and does not cross prominent bone | Its pulsation are weak | 2c | single | Popliteal aery is difficult to feel.It is palpated better in prone position with knee flexed about 40-50 degree,to relax the popliteal fascia.It is felt in the lower pa of the fossa over the flat posterior surface of upper end of tibia.In upper end of the fossa,aery is not felt as there is no bony area in intercondylar... | Surgery | Vascular surgery |
3ffef023-a094-45ab-83e3-ea4161d5ae8a | Tamsulosin, a adrenoceptor antagonist has affinity for which of the following receptors? | a I A | a I D | None of the above | Both (A) and (B) | 0a | multi | Ans. A. AlaVarious types a blockers of and their advantages in BPHa. Prazosin over Phenoxybenzamineb. Prazosin (selective a1 blocker) have better tolerability (less tachycardia and hypotension) over nonselective blockers.c. Doxazosin and Terazosin over Prazosind. Terazosin and doxazosin are long-acting drugs that need ... | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
d798118e-bef2-49c3-b8f8-c682b721baa2 | Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of sepsis? | Temperature > 38 degrees C or <36 degrees C | Heart rate > 90/min | WBC count > 12000/mm2 | Respiratory rate 14-18/min | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
e6405a7b-24d9-480c-acab-acb9f95e3400 | In idiopathic basal ganglia calcification, structure most often calcified | Caudate nucleus | Putamen | Globus pallidus | Striatum | 2c | multi | Structure most often calcified - Globus pallidus. | Radiology | null |
57190b91-96c4-4783-994d-9aef7cbc5ea7 | In a 3-year old child which of the following is the most common cyst located in midline of neck: | Thyroglossal cyst | Branchial cyst | Lymphangiocele | Cystic hygroma | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
52cde8c1-8405-49ad-8dc4-c9b06218e6f8 | post dural (Spinal) puncture headache is due to: | Seepage of CSF | Fine needle | Toxic effects of the drugs | Traumatic damage to nerve roots | 0a | single | Headache is due to of CSF and can be treated with analgesics. Post-dural-puncture headache (PDPH) is a complication of puncture of the dura mater (one of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord). ... It is a common side-effect of spinal anesthesia and lumbarpuncture. From padmaja 4th edition Page no 205 | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
0fcac7f0-4763-43e3-8763-59b53f6c3574 | Foetal lung maturity is assessed by ____________ | L/S ratio | Billirubin content of amniotic fluid | Ultrasound | Amniocentesis | 0a | single | The presence of surfactant in amniotic fluid is evident of fetal lung maturity. L/S ratio determines the relative concentration of surfactant. L/S ratio is lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio and should be more than 2. There is an increased risk of respiratory distress syndrome when this ratio is less than 2. Reference : p... | Pediatrics | New born infants |
da48c7db-838a-48ef-9d31-0bf416f08c9b | Which of the following is not a differential for solitary pulmonary nodule | Tuberculosis | Hamaoma | Bronchial adenoma | Neurofibroma | 3d | single | Causes for solitary pulmonary nodule:Granulomatous1. Tuberculoma - more common in the upper lobes and on the right side. Well-defined; 0.5-4 cm. 25% are lobulated. Calcification frequent. 80% have satellite lesions 2. Histoplasmoma - in endemic areas (Mississippi and the Atlantic coast of USA). More frequent in the low... | Radiology | All India exam |
5005f639-4cf4-4b0e-a557-82e28978f76d | Treatment of choice for bipolar disorder is | Fluoxetine | Imipramine | Lithium | Chlorpromazine | 2c | single | ithium was introduced by JOHN F CADE it is used in treatment of MANIA it is a liver friendly drug it has to be used in caution with people with deranged renal parameters if the patient is on lithium, he should be warned about of intake of other meds like NSAIDS, ACE inhibitors , as it may result in toxicity if a patien... | Psychiatry | All India exam |
6db9da72-1bd8-47df-9f23-2c9fb057aeea | Miliary mottling seen in – a) TBb) Sarcoidosisc) Silicosisd) P. carinii pneumonia | abc | bc | acd | bcd | 0a | single | Causes of Miliary mottling :-
Infection :- Bacterial (TB, Brucellosis, Bronchopneumonia, Melioidosis), viral (varicella I chicken pox), Fungal (Histoplasmosis, Coccidiodomycosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis).
Cardiac :- Mitral stenosis, Pulmonary edema, multiple pulmonary infarct.
Pneumoconiosis :- Coal worker pneum... | Radiology | null |
7b97c169-5003-402c-8dc4-15dce59dd46d | True about small cell lung cancer -a) Bone marrow is uncommonly involvedb) Destruction of alveolar cellsc) Peripheral in locationd) Treatment is chemotherapy | c | d | bd | ac | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
2ff4dce4-592a-4be9-8a16-b764004bef0a | Axillary aery occlusion affects all EXCEPT: | Post circumflex humeral. | Suprascapular aery | Subscapular aery | Superior thoracic aery | 1b | multi | Suprascapular aery "Suprascapular aery is a branch of thyrocervical trunk of the subclan aery, not axillary aery" Branches of axillary aery: The branches of the axillary aery are superior thoracic, thoraco-acromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral. The Suprascapular aery usually... | Anatomy | null |
4ee64154-08e4-434e-b2c8-05d1904392f0 | All of the following stains are used for fat except? | Oil red O | Congo reds | Sudan black | Osmium tetroxide | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Congo red * Congo red is not used in lipid staining. It is used in the staining of amyloid protein.* Stain used for lipids (fatty acids)are Oil red O, Osmium tetroxide, sudan black and sudan III & IV. | Pathology | Histo Pathology |
660ecab0-6481-4284-b67d-baf53ebec48b | Which of the following is a marker for Langerhans cell histiocytosis? | CD 1a | CD 10 | CD 30 | CD 56 | 0a | single | The proliferating Langerhans cells in Langerhans cell histiocytosis are HLA-DR positive and express the CD1 antigen. Ref: Robin's Basic Pathology, 7th Edition, Page 441. | Pathology | null |
e1949ff2-20fe-43a3-903c-c52680f74938 | The lung disease caused by inhalation of sugarcane dust is known as(MH' 2001; 2005) | Byssinosis | Bagassosis | Pneumoconiosis | Asbestosis | 1b | single | Ans. b (Bagasosis) (Ref Text book of PSM by Park 22nd/ 751)Pneumoconiosis is a respiratory illness caused by inhalation of (respirabale dust) dust particles of 0.5 to 3 micron.0ByssinosisBy inhalation of cotton fibres - Monday morning fever is presentBagassosisBy inhalation of sugar cane dust - organism - Thermoactinom... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Occupational Health |
01bbb230-5e20-40ee-b1a7-4a77eedb15a7 | Kaar singh committee recommendations are related to: March 2010 | No private practice | Measures to improve effectiveness of National Malaria Eradication programme | Framework of health services at peripheral level | Concept of primary health care | 2c | single | Ans. C: Framework of health services at peripheral level | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4b651a79-7db1-4b99-9975-975f33ef4d0e | Most common site of Brain metastasis is? | Lung cancer | Head and neck cancer | Prostate cancer | Breast cancer | 0a | single | Ref: Bailey and Love 26th edition, P 614The leading cause of brain metastasis is lungs > Breast>MelanomaTissue of origin for brain metastases (approximate).OriginPercentageLung40Breast15Melanoma10Renal/GU10Other Unknown25 | Pathology | Breast |
c67645da-be45-485f-a7b5-87c882d4a6c1 | Most common cause of Vertebra plana | Eosinophilic granuloma | Leukemia | TB | Metastasis | 0a | single | Vertebra plana:
Uniform collapse of a vertebral body into a thin, flat disc.
M/c cause - Eosinophilic granuloma. | Radiology | null |
b1ffd157-919d-4adf-b969-09df848a5e33 | The 3 major divisions of Planning Commission are all Except:- | Executive division | General secretariat | Technical divisions | Programme advisors | 0a | multi | PLANNING COMMISSION OF INDIA:- Set up by Government of India in 1950. Consists of: Chairman Deputy chairman 5 members. 3 major divisions: General secretariat Technical divisions Programme advisors. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Definitions and Concepts in HP |
e3d7cc18-bd2e-451b-8a71-89b1800becd0 | A young female presents with the history of spontaneous abortions and secondary amenorrhea since then. FSH 6 ILI/mL. What is the most probably cause of amenorrhea? | Ovarian failure | Pituitary failure | Fresh pregnancy | Uterine synechiae | 3d | single | Ans. D. Uterine synechiaeFSH within normal limit rules out other options. Recurrent spontaneous abortions supports the answer.Asherman Syndrome* Intrauterine synechiae is also known as Asherman syndrome.* This condition occurs due to vigorous uterine curettage in early pregnancy which may lead to scarring that interfer... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Disorders in Menstruation |
5afae86e-a601-4e41-9678-e2fc6edc02c5 | Baholin's gland is located in | Ischiorectal fossa | Rectovesical pouch | Superficial perineal pouch | Deep perineal pouch | 2c | single | The Baholin's glands are two pea-sized compound racemose glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina. They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina and are homologous to bulbourethral glands in males. Ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg 393 | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
bf4b30bc-019e-4277-9b69-802c21487cd2 | A 37-year-old man suffers a traumatic injury to the axilla that damages the thoracodorsal nerve. Which of the following movements of the arm or scapula could be affected in this patient? | Abduction | Adduction | Flexion | Lateral rotation | 1b | single | Adduction o Latissimus dorsi is supplied by the thoraco-dorsal nerve. o Latissimus dorsi help us in scratching the opposite scapulai.e., it leads to adduction, extension & medial rotation at the shoulder joint | Surgery | null |
b2fd87c0-2572-4cdf-9650-142c79fc3c3c | Frequency of tuning fork used to test vibration sense is | 128 Hz | 256 HZ | 512 hZ | 1024 Hz | 2c | single | (C) 512 hZ # TUNING FORK TESTS: These tests are performed with tuning forks of different frequencies such as 128, 256, 512,1024, 2048 and 4096 Hz, but for routine clinical practice, tuning fork of 512 Hz is ideal.> Forks of lower frequencies produce sense of bone vibration while those of higher frequency have a shorter... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
bcda50cc-8bba-4754-b7bb-b629e9266b75 | All of the following characteristic pattern seen in Brown Sequard syndrome; except: | Ipsilateral weakness | Ipsilateral loss of position and vibration | Ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature | Contralateral loss of pain and temperature | 2c | multi | Brown-Sequard syndrome: Hemisection of the spinal cord characterized by: damage to ascending sensory (dorsal column pathway, ventrolateral spinothalamic tract) descending motor (coicospinal tract) pathways The lesion to fasciculus gracilus or fasciculus cuneatus leads to ipsilateral loss of discriminative touch, vibrat... | Physiology | Nervous System |
83ab7455-1944-494c-bbb7-b2980dcb859c | 1 becquerel is equal (Disinegration/sec) to: | 3.7x1010 | 2.7x1010 | 1.7x1010 | 1 | 3d | single | D i.e. 1 Becquerel (Bq) or disintegration per second is the SI unit of radioactivity wherea Curie (Ci) is non-SI unit of radioactivity. The rate of radioactive decay of a sample is called radioactivity. SI unit of activity is the Bequerel (Bq), defined as one nuclear disintegration per secondQ. The Curie (Ci) is define... | Radiology | null |
bc05ff3d-f2c6-4455-8805-a0e513d414a4 | Nerve damaged in radical mastoidectomy is | Facial nerve | Cochlear nerve | Vestibular nerve | Mandibular nerve | 0a | single | Facial nerve is involved in radical mastoidectomy Facial paralysis is the complication Ref: Dhingra 7e pg 460 | ENT | Miscellaneous ENT |
e6bacbd0-7361-4b17-ac70-11f1331c941d | Kallmans syndrome is associated with all of the following except | Amenorrhea | Excess stimulation of the HPO axis | Genetic mutation | Anosmia | 1b | multi | When congenital GnRH deficiency is associated with anosmia or hyposmia (an absent or grossly impaired sense of smell), the disorder is known as Kallmann&;s syndrome. Two genetic mutations associated with Kallman&;s Syndrome : KAL gene - X - linked inheritance (Xp22.3) encoding anosmin - 1. Gene encoding FGFR1 (Fibrobla... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
726d1102-439e-4dc6-ad84-285e4e075354 | True about Apoptosis are all except? | Inflammation is present | Chromosomal breakage | Clumping of chromatin | Cell shrinkage | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Inflammation is presentRef: Robbin's pathology 9th ed. /52-55Since in apoptosis the dead cell is rapidly cleared, before its contents have leaked out, therefore cell death by this pathway does not elicit an inflammatory reaction in the host. | Pathology | Apoptosis |
f16bdfea-c0e2-4091-9ecd-2e2646041dc3 | Which of the following management procedures of acute upper gastrointestinal bleed should possibly be avoided ? | Intravenous vasopressin | Intravenous b-blockers | Endoscopic sclerotherapy | Balloon tamponade | 0a | multi | Ans. is (a) i.e. Intravenous Vasopressin Though vasopressin can be used in acute variceal bleeding, it should possibly be avoided because of its side-effects. Management of acute G.I. bleeding - After the initial general management of the patient, the fuher management depends upon the cause of the bleeding. From the op... | Surgery | null |
9a298c74-b60c-4d68-9cf1-e1cfb505a8f0 | Which of the following is a die hardener | Cyanoacrylate. | Potassium sulphate. | Sodium chloride. | Resin | 0a | single | Die hardeners arc materials used to reinforce the surface of a die so as to make it more resistant of abrasion and scratching.
Die hardeners used with gypsum dies:
• Cyanoacrylate
• Silver plating
• Addition of die hardeners to gypsum | Dental | null |
b7967306-e15b-4ad1-94bd-5d3e70faba38 | Hospital acquired infection of surgical wound is mostly by | Doctor | Instruments | Patient | Air borne | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
654ddf7e-ca66-4a05-a632-6f1d8cd29786 | The neo-adjuvant chemotherapy indicated in oesophageal carcinoma | Cisplatin | Doxorubicin | Mitomycin C | 5-FU-Leucovarin | 0a | single | Treatment of CA esophagus High-grade dysplasia (Tis) or T1a Endoscopic mucosal resection Localised advanced cancer T1: Vagal sparing or transhiatal or minimal invasive esophagectomy with limited LN dissection T2 and T3: Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation + surgery Cervical SCC or Non-ideal candidate for resection : Definitive ... | Surgery | Urology |
f44c0e2d-a570-4620-8f3f-80cf8c711579 | Commonest position of the appendix is: | Paracoecal | Retrocoecal | Pelvic | Subcoecal | 1b | single | Ans. B RetrocoecalRef: BDC, 6thed. vol. II pg. 269-70* Most common position of vermiform appendix is retrocaecal, (12 O'clock- 65%) followed by pelvic (4 O'clock position).Types of appendix and their relative positionAppendixPositionPrevalence /commentRetrocaecal12 O' clock65%; most commonPelvic4 O' clock30%; 2nd most ... | Anatomy | Abdomen & Pelvis |
4126ebd8-11d1-4cb5-bb67-b7213edf14d0 | Following strain used is ? | Methyl violet | Brilliant cresyl blue | Sudan black | Indigo carmine | 1b | single | This is a form of supravital staining in which cells are stained while living. It takes two days from reticulocytes to become RBC | Unknown | null |
8fd6cda1-413d-43ed-b7e7-1d9ad1fe6785 | Beta lactam antibiotics are all except : | Amoxicillin | Aztreonam | Ceftriaxone | Vancomycin | 3d | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
95356b5e-1fe5-4abd-a149-2b8960ae88a9 | The formation of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol takes place in the - | Liver | Kidney | Intestines | Pancreas | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
c0754223-0fca-47c7-98ad-aeb43668bb07 | Which of the following ganglia does not contain postganglionic parasympathetic neurons? | Celiac | Ciliary | Otic | Pterygopalatine | 0a | single | The celiac ganglion is a sympathetic preveebral (collateral) ganglion that contains postganglionic neurons. In parasympathetic system(cranial pa) there are four small peripheral ganglia - ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular and otic | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy 3 |
78bc0e93-1a79-4607-80ad-aaa685ef996f | EB virus belongs to which group : | Retrovirus | Herpes virus | RNA virus | Pox virus | 1b | single | null | Microbiology | null |
33911ec5-e06f-4b60-af48-d6345cfd046b | Vitamin D analogue calcitriol is useful in the treatment of: | Lichen planus | Psoriasis | Pemphigus | Leprosy | 1b | single | Vitamin D3 analogues - Naturally occurring, active metabolite of vit.D3 - 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) 3 synthetic analogues: -calcipotriol -1,24-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Tacalcitol) and -1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Maxacalcitol), effective when applied topically in Psoriasis | Dental | Psoriasis |
02d585d1-0737-4f92-839f-2c08fd53ceac | Bullet that leaves a visible mark in its flight so that person can see the path is: AI 10 | Tandem bullet | Tracer bullet | Dum-dum bullet | Incendiary bullet | 1b | single | Ans. Tracer bullet | Forensic Medicine | null |
77efb8e6-67ba-440b-981e-8d9ea50c33f7 | Angular vein infection commonly causes thrombosis of: | Cavernous sinus | Sphenoid sinus | Petrosal sinus | Sigmoid sinus | 0a | single | Ref : Dhingra 7e pg 226. | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
07b59098-814b-4a22-816b-29bb63218525 | The most accepted method for treatment of a myopic with refractive error of 2D is: | Spectacles | Contact lens | Radial keratotomy | Excimer laser | 0a | single | Ans. Spectacles | Ophthalmology | null |
490d478b-f8d3-4158-aea2-e5ddd9f0fcf5 | All are true for plemorphic adenoma except? | Arises from parotid | May turn into malignant | Minor salivary glands involved | None | 3d | multi | Answer is 'd' i.e. None Pleomorphic adenomas arise most commonly in the parotid gland. These form majority (-80-90%) of tumors of the parotid gland. Pleomorphic adenomas are less common in the submandibular glands & sublingual glands; relatively rare in the minor glands. Pleomorphic adenomas are benign tumors derived f... | Surgery | null |
429d6a27-ea53-4267-91cf-1ff264f2c7be | What is the dose of Testosterone in Hvpogonadal male? | 25 -50 mg IM/week | 50- 75 mg IM/week | 75 - 100 mg IM/week | 150 - 200 mg IM/week | 2c | single | (C) 75 - 100 mg IM/week # RECOMMENDED REGIMENS FOR ANDROGEN REPLACEMENT:> Testosterone esters are administered typically at doses of 75-100 mg intramuscularly every week or 150-200 mg every 2 weeks.> One or two 5-mg nongenital testosterone patches can be applied daily over the skin of the back, thigh, or upper arm away... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
ce864269-3322-4730-ba37-40122cffc203 | A 25 year old patient presents in coma with GCS of 5 and extensor posturing after a bike accident. Which of the following will the best management of the patient? | Hypertonic saline | Thrombolysis | Burr hole surgery | Hemi-Craniectomy | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Burr Hole surgeryThe image shows presence of extra-dural haemorrhage due to presence of biconvex lenticular opacity. Due to risk of brain herniation leading to death best management will be burr hole surgery. | Surgery | Head Injury |
b67f9cfc-054d-4506-b906-a25b6b10dfa9 | Bone affection in scurvy is due to which of the following | Poor mineralization of the osteoid tissue | Defective osteoid matrix formation | Defective calcification in osteoid | Increased degradation of osteoid tissue | 1b | single | The most clearly established function of vitamin C is the activation of prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases from inactive precursors, allowing for hydroxylation of procollagen. Inadequately hydroxylated procollagen cannot acquire a stable helical configuration or be adequately cross-linked, so it is poorly secreted from the ... | Pathology | Pediatrics, environment and nutrition |
7796653c-9636-4929-905c-cede33a43282 | Proper lip support for complete denture is provided primarily by: | Convex surface of labial flange | Facial surface of teeth and simulated gingiva | Thickness of border in the vestibule | Festooned carvings on facial surface | 1b | single | Proclination of maxillary anterior teeth and the surrounding denture base simulating the gingiva provided for the bulk for lip support in complete denture. | Dental | null |
452b32d0-660d-4874-a328-f58187bbe37b | Wahin-Finkeldey giant cells are seen in ? | Measles | Rubella | Influenza | Rickettsial pox | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Measles Wahin-Finkeldey cells are multinucleated giant cells. These cells are pathognomic of measles and are found in lymphoid organs, lung and sputum. | Pathology | null |
dc03fa19-2d86-43a8-8424-d893a4f84137 | Which is not a complication of PUVA therapy: | Premature aging of skin | Cataracts | Skin cancers | Exfoliative | 3d | single | D. i.e. Exfoliation | Skin | null |
5b283abc-63cf-484b-8ccf-99fb17b62473 | In humans, coex of hair is usually: | Double that of medulla | Same as medulla | 4-10 times broader than the medulla | Thin in comparison to medulla | 2c | multi | Ans. 4-10 times broader than the medulla | Forensic Medicine | null |
b980d490-1142-43c2-8f70-7a93567c9980 | Babu a 19 yrs old male has a small circumscribed sclerotic swelling over diaphysis of femur; likely diagnosis is - | Osteoclastoma | Osteosarcoma | Ewing sarcoma | Osteoid osteoma | 3d | multi | Well circumscribed sclerotic swelling over diaphysis of a long bone (femur) in a 19 years old suggests the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma. | Orthopaedics | null |
b716a255-31db-4844-8847-9709792215a9 | Most common cause of bleeding in children | Nose picking | Hypeension | Tumor | None | 0a | multi | Most common cause of nose bleeding in children - Trauma to the little's area. Fingernail trauma is common. Ref : Dhingra 7e pg 197. | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
635fa2e1-c126-4728-a019-69294dea43ad | The 'Search lines' to detect fracture line on occipitamental radiographic view of midfacial skeleton fracture was described by | Rene Lefort and Guerin | McGrigor and Campbell | Andreason and Ravn | Rowe and Williams | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
f3c76544-299e-4b66-96b0-cacc483f3cbd | A 35 year old lady complains dysphagia, Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly. Investigations show antinuclear antibody. The likely diagnosis is ? | Systemic lupus erythematosis | Systemic sclerosis | Mixed connective tissue disorder | Rheumatoid ahritis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Systemic sclerosiso Dysphagia, Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly in 35 years old lady suggest the diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (see above explanations).I think option 'b' needs some explanation here.Mixed connective tissue diseaseo Patients having the co-existence of features suggestive of SLE, p... | Pathology | null |
82206379-00af-4662-b226-6dff390b75d7 | Serum amylase level is raised in all except: | Blocked salivary duct | Ruptured ectopic | Appendicitis | Pancreatitis | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Appendicitis) Appendicitis is not associated with raised amylase levels. Pancreatitis, Ruptured ectopic and salivary gland lesions including blocked salivary duct are all associated with raised amylase levels. Pancreatic Disease Pancreatitis Pancreatic trauma Acute Pancreatic carcinoma Chronic: ductal obst... | Medicine | null |
9b1532fe-85c1-4a99-87d4-ef4707e7f84d | A 30-year-old man who was recently staed on haloperidol 30mg/day developed hyperpyrexia, muscle rigidity, akinesia, mutism, sweating, tachycardia and increased blood pressure. The investigations showed increased VVBC count, increased creatinine phosphokinase. There is no history of any other drug intake or any signs of... | Drug overdose | Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | Drug induce Parkinsonism | Tardive dyskinesia | 1b | single | B i.e. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome | Psychiatry | null |
fc479a79-fa1a-4a92-9d65-ebf711952c1a | Best radiographic view for fracture of C1, C2 veebrae is - | AP view | Odontoid view | Lateral view | Oblique view | 1b | single | Best radiographic view for fracture of C1, C2 veebrae is - odontoid view | Radiology | Skeletal system |
4cd4038f-1419-4123-9c59-96086b3d9114 | A child presents with antimongoloid slant, pulmonary stenosis, sho stature, and undescended testis. The likely diagnosis is _____ | Hypoparathyroidism | Noonan syndrome | Klinefelter syndrome | XYY sex chromosome | 1b | single | The child presenting with the antimongoloid slant, pulmonary stenosis, sho stature, and undescended testis is suggestive of Noonan syndrome. Noonan syndrome: Autosomal-dominant disorder (12q) Male or female with Turner phenotype; normal karyotype Clinical features: Down-slanting palpebral fissure (antimongoloid slant) ... | Pediatrics | Genetic and genetic disorders |
64166740-bbae-4efb-8508-2733a310e1ac | Which of the following is consistent with a decision to perform a cerclage? | Uterine contractions | Cervix dilated to 3 cm | Uterine bleeding | Gestation of 26 weeks | 1b | single | The treatment of the apparently incompetent cervix is surgical and consists of reinforcing the weak cervix by some kind of purse-string suture.It is best performed after the first trimester, but before cervical dilatation of 4 cm, if possible.Bleeding, infection and uterine contractions are contraindications to surgery | Microbiology | All India exam |
b6ed8e46-a0e9-4a11-9944-ec63642d3bac | Symptoms of sinusitis are all except - | Blood stained rhinorrhoea | Facial edema | Nasal blockage | Diplopia | 3d | multi | null | ENT | null |
fdd764bc-f21c-423d-bc71-3076e3cafebe | Aqueous humor has lower concentration of: | Lactate | Protein | Hyaluronic acid | L-ascorbic acid | 1b | single | Protein content of aqueous humor is much less than that of plasma. The ocular tissue surrounding the aqueous humor (especially the cornea and lens) take up glucose from aqueous humor; glycolysis by these tissues results in higher pyruvate and lactate (and lower glucose) in aqueous humor. L-ascorbic acid content of aque... | Physiology | Special Senses |
6e223f32-23df-4fc2-8084-f6450bb031f8 | Which of the following groups of amino acids produce a common component of the TCA cycle? | Alanine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine | Serine, asparagine, glycine, glutamate | Isoleucine, valine, methionine | Proline, leucine, tryptophan | 2c | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
05f47914-b763-4340-9cb0-2fe68735b974 | Most common enzyme deficiency leading to childhood hypeension is - | 17-Alpha hydroxylase | 21-Beta hydroxylase | 11-Beta hydroxylase | All | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 11-Beta hydroxylase o Salt retention and hypeension is seen in 17-a hydroxylase deficiency and I 1-p hydroxylase deficiency. 1 I -I hydroxylase deficiency is more common. 17-a hydroxylase deficiency is an uncommon form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. | Pediatrics | null |
eaf7b45b-5e8b-45f4-a261-dfc3b4f3ca83 | A patient with abdominal injury presents to the emergency department with signs of signs of peritonitis and shock. Airway and breathing were secured and IV fluids were started with 2 large bore cannulas. The next line of management should be | FAST | Exploratory Laparotomy under general anesthesia | Insertion of abdominal drain followed by laparotomy | Laproscopy | 1b | single | Treatment for abdominal injury includes Emergency laparotomy.
Indications include
Frank haemoperitoneum
Significant diagnostic peritoneal lavage
Haemodynamically unstable patient
U/S or CT scan shows significant intra-abdominal injuries | Surgery | null |
06f5d802-77ed-4901-a216-750a81cf1c8b | Aeriolar dilators used in the treatment of CHF | Hydralazine | Nifedipine | Prazosin | Enalaprin | 0a | single | Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker. Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor. Prazosin is alpha 1 blocker. Hydralazine is an aerial dilator and potassium channel opener (REF.Essentials of medical pharmacology KD TRIPATHI 8 Edition) | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
2bfb0500-de92-4909-bab9-18962ca3e827 | Which of the following is not lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium? | Hypopharynx and laryngopharynx | Oesophagus | Cornea | Tympanic membrane | 3d | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
84ab753b-a399-4c3f-b0de-1913405346d9 | Diabetic ischemic maculopathy is characterized by all except ? | It occurs due to microvascular blockage | Mild visual loss | Areas of non perfusion are evident on fluorescein angiography | Microaneurysms and hemorrhages are seen | 1b | multi | Ans. is `b' i.e., Mild visual loss Ischaemic diabetic maculopathy It occurs due to microvascular blockage. Clinically it is characterised by marked visual loss with microaneurysms, haemorrhages, mild or no macular oedema and a few hard exudates. Fluorescein angiography shows areas of non-perfusion which in early cases ... | Ophthalmology | null |
e12466b1-6fd9-406e-be59-61db7d167f86 | A 13 year old boy presents with swelling in the cheek with recurrent epistaxis. Most likely cause is - | Angiofibroma | Ca Nasopharynx | Rhabdomyosarcoma | None | 0a | multi | null | ENT | null |
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