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d7000581-59eb-44d9-b7bd-426258e43dd6 | Calories required by one year old child is: September 2008 | 92 kcal/kg/day | 102 kcal/kg/ day | 112 kcal/kg/day | None | 3d | multi | Ans. None (1100 calories/day) In general, if you want to know how many calories (per day) a child needs, a good rule of thumb for children up to 5 years of age is to begin with a base of 1,000 calories and add 100 calories for each year of your child's age. 1 year-old would need approximately 1000 + 100 calories for 1 ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
38e0e553-adbb-41b3-847a-255838ae022f | A 36 years old multigravida at 34 weeks, with previous 2 normal vaginal delivery now presented with unstable lie. The most likely diagnosis it s case is: | Oligohydramnios | Placenta pre | Pelvic tumor | Uterine anomalies | 1b | single | Ans. b. Placenta pre | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
da99a434-7711-47c9-b16d-2b1d4cb5ec10 | Pain originate in the pulp due to | free nerve ending in cell rich zone | free nerve ending at sub odontoblastic layer | Krause bulb at the center of the pulp | Meisseners corpuscles at cell rich zone | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
74d59bcd-a9d3-494e-bb49-08e09e10cba0 | Paial recurrent larynegeal nerve palsy produces vocal cord in which position: | Cadaveric | Abducted | Adducted | Paramedian | 3d | single | Ans. is d i.e. Paramedian | ENT | null |
eb190980-38d4-4cf4-84ac-1f55336fefd4 | The energy for muscle contraction is supplied by the enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP by ATPase present in: | Heavy meromyosin | Light meromyosin | Tropomyosin | Troponin | 0a | single | The energy for muscle contraction is supplied by the enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP by ATPase present in heavy meromyosin. Two strands of heavy meromyosin are found in each myosin head - one of which is folded over as a protein mass. Light meromyosin is also found in myosin but is not involved in splitting ATP. Troponin a... | Physiology | null |
02071765-db10-41ed-9c6e-db8f2230c8a3 | Drugs is useful in the long term treatment of alcohol dependence: COMEDK 13 | Acamprosate | Chlordiazepoxide | Flumazenil | Imipramine | 0a | single | Ans. Acamprosate | Forensic Medicine | null |
fa0a9844-83a2-44d1-b939-2ddfd4175a7b | All of the following occur in mitochondria except : | Citric acid cycle (Kreb's cycle) | Glycogenolysis | Fatty acid oxidation | Electron transport chain | 1b | multi | Reactions that take place in
- Mitochondrion
TCA cycle/ Citric acid cycle
Beta oxidation of fatty acids
Ketogenesis
Respiratory chain
Part of Gluconeogenesis & Urea cycle
- Cytosol
Glycolysis/EMP
Pentose phosphate pathway
Fatty acid synthesis
Part of Gluconeogenesis & Urea cycle
Glycogenolysis | Physiology | null |
7e6ec660-7c3b-46d6-8d18-db452c50b0ad | Steroids act nuclear receptors which interact with DNA through | Helix turn helix | Zinc finger motif | Histidine | Leucine zipper | 1b | single | B i.e. Zinc finger motif | Biochemistry | null |
e42912e0-9a8f-4da9-8778-fff2ef1d120d | Which among the following is used in deflouridation of water? | Alum and lime | Potassium permanganate | Ozonisation | Bromides | 0a | single | Ans: a (Alum and Lime) Ref: Park, 19th ed, p. 511,582The addition of lime and alum in sequence followed by flocculation, sedimentation and filtration for defluridation of water is Nalgonda technique.The recommended level of fluorides in drinking water in India accepted as 0.5 to 0.8 mg/ltr.Endemic fluorosis.It has been... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and Health |
cdfb5cfe-6762-467a-a144-5fc4967f7f69 | Which of these drugs can be a cause of rhabdomyolysis? | Statins | Salicylates | Antidepressants | All of these | 3d | multi | Ans. D. All of theseMany drugs can cause rhabdomyolysis. They can cause rhabdomyolysis, both in therapeutic doses and in toxic doses. Some important drugs among these include antidepressants, antipsychotics, statins, corticosteroids, salicylates, many chemotherapeutic agents, and some anaesthetics. | Pediatrics | Miscellaneous |
0b36a1cc-e6f5-4785-848b-a002195a6983 | Which is cyclopropagative? | Malaria | Plague | Filaria | None | 0a | multi | (A) propagative: The agent merely multiplies in the vector but no change in the form e.g plague bacilli in rat fleas (B) cyclopropagative : The agent changes in number and form e.g malaria parasite in mosquito (C) cyclodevelopmental: The disease agent undergoes only developmental but no multiplication e.g microfilaria ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
cd648ae6-1c15-4a12-b69e-7a81a32e65e4 | Opioid antagonist that can be given orally? | Naltrexone | Nalaxone | Nalbuophene | Pentazocin | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Naltrexone) (Ref KDT 6th/464, 467)Naltrexone differs from naloxone in being orally active and having a long duration of action (1-2 days) which makes it suitable for 'opioid blockade' therapy of postaddicts.Opioids & Opioid AntagonistsAgonist-antagonists (k-analgesics)Partial/weak m agonist + K antagonistPure a... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous |
5b58adfd-3fff-467d-b9de-e8379391b526 | Golden yellow jelly fungus is - | Ttursurans | Tmontegrophytes | Trenella mesenterica | Efloccosum | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Trenella mesenterica o The term jelly fungus is sometimes applied to any fungus with a jelly like fruiting body, but it is especially appropriate for the members of a group of texa traditionally assigned to the order Tremellaies.o Largest genus is Tremella. which consists of about 80 species.o Tremell... | Microbiology | Mycology |
24fbc882-0aee-47c2-b37f-ef9abb02c3a1 | Which of the following is not transmitted through sexual route? | Hep A | Hep E | Hep A & E | Hep D | 1b | single | HEPATITIS E The infection caused by the hepatitis E virus (HEV) which was discovered in 1980, is essentially a water-borne disease. Formerly termed enterically transmitted hepatitis non-A, non-B (HNANB), HEV is a 29-nm to 32-nm RNA virus with 4 genotypes (type 1, 2, 3 and 4). Transmission The hepatitis E virus is trans... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
c5b86583-e25f-4a25-b692-9e5641978649 | Gynaecomastia is seen in:a) Secondary syphilisb) Lepromatous leprosyc) HIVd) Klinefelter's syndrome | bcd | acd | ac | bd | 0a | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
4d8f9a1b-c512-4003-96e2-e23737b303fa | Oil red Or staining is used for | Frozen section | Glutaraldehyde fixed specimen | Alcohol fixed specimen | Formalin fixed specimen | 0a | single | ref Bancroft histology 7/e p83 Fresh cryostat sections must be used for oil red o stain | Anatomy | General anatomy |
7f13b6c4-7070-4cb3-8ef6-97544d268707 | Whiplash injury of spine is due to | Hyperflexion | Hyperextension | Rotation | Side ward traction | 1b | single | Whiplash injury This injury classically occurs in an occupant of a vehicle due to sudden acceleration which causes sudden extension followed by flexion. There may be fracture dislocation of cervical veebrae. Both accrleaccele and deceleration injuries are included in the category of whiplash injury. Hyperextension inju... | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical injuries |
1aee6244-766d-4d1d-b4b0-0fb0acb88c66 | Retropharyngeal space lies between The - (Jipmer 13) | Base of skull to diaphragm | The base of the skull to the thoracic inlet | The base of the skull to post-cricoid cartilage | Base of skull to bifurcation of trachea | 3d | single | Ans-D | Unknown | null |
8368cd99-1634-45f1-ac6a-e312fa492b71 | Chloride responsive alkalosis causes -a) Recurrent vomitingb) Bartter's syndromec) Milk alkali syndrome d) Over dose of diuretics | abc | ad | bc | acd | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
9b506a46-6ad9-4dc3-b2ae-1bb48904ffef | Which of the following is not a granulomatous diseases | Leprosy | TB | Sarcoidosis | Amebiasis | 3d | single | ref Robbins 9/e p98 Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is an inherited primary immunodeficiency disease(PIDD) which increases the body's susceptibility to infections caused by ceain bacteria and fungi.Granulomas are masses of immune cells that form at sites of infection or inflammation | Anatomy | General anatomy |
ebf03250-8c7d-4bcb-8a14-8a7c8000e580 | Mitochondrial chromosomal abnormality leads to - | Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy | Angelman syndrome | Prader-willi syndrome | Myotonic dystrophy | 0a | single | Diseases associated with mitochondrial inheritance are rare and many of them affect the Neuromuscular System. Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is a prototype of this disorder. It is a neurodegenerative disease that Manifests itself as progressive bilateral loss of central vision. Visual impairment is first noted betwe... | Pathology | null |
c1696af7-b679-4c07-973e-72b35b40c43d | A young male is brought unconscious to the hospital with external injuries. CT brain showed No midline shift. Basal cistern were compressed with multiple small Haemorrhages. What is the likely diagnosis? | Cerebral contusion | Cerebral laceration | Multiple infarcts | Diffuse Axonal injuries | 3d | multi | The patient in the clinical scenario having suffered from a traumatic injury was brought unconscious an this CT scan revealed multiple small hemorrhages thus leading to the diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury. It is typical presentation of a patient with diffuse axonal injury. There is a scattered dispersion of the axon... | Radiology | null |
e7da22a7-8bad-4ad0-95c4-fc3fca85e68a | Vitamin A dose in children of 1 -6years of age is - | 50000IU | 1Lakh IU | 2LakhIU | 41akhIU | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 2 Lakh IU o For treatment of vitamin A deficiency, oral vitamin A is given at a dose of 50000 IU, 100000 IU and 200000 IU in children <6 months, 6-12 months and > 1 year, respectively. The same dose is repeated next day and 4 weeks later. | Pediatrics | Vitamin A |
72e465ee-795b-4673-b799-f12e58a2c029 | Extension of enamel cord to meet the outer enamel epithelium is known as: | Enamel knot. | Enamel cord. | Enamel septum. | Enamel navel. | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
5ce070f6-8bef-4437-ab68-94a9a53d0768 | Meibomian glands secrete which component of sweat? | Water (aqueous) | Mucin | Protein | Lipid | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Lipid The major function of lacrimal apparatus is to secrete and drain the tear. Tear film consists of 3 layers :- Mucous or mucin layer (innermost):- Secreted by conjunctival goblet cells, crypts of Henle, glands of Manz. Aqueous layer (intermediate) :- This forms the bulk of the tear. It is secreted... | Ophthalmology | null |
c8a7c416-417f-4cbc-9b94-65e01df36a0a | Haemorrhagic conjunctivitis is caused by | Enterovirus 70 | Coxsackie virus | Enterovirus 72 | Calcivirus | 0a | single | Acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis It is an acute inflammation of conjunctiva characterised by multiple conjunctival haemorrhages, conjunctival hyperaemia and mild follicular hyperplasia. The disease is caused by Picornavirus (enterovirus type 70) which are RNA viruses of small (pico) size. Ref;A.K.Khurana; 6th edition;... | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
fa1ed43c-8ec3-4603-921a-40bf372fd410 | Which of the following drug is not the first line treatment for anovulatory abnormal uterine bleeding in a 13-year-old girl? | Tranexemic acid | Mefenamic acid | Progesterone | Estrogen + progesterone | 1b | single | Ans. b. Mefenamic acid | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
74662922-2b84-494a-b313-31a098bce0de | Taking of ones clothes and running in public is called | Mooning | Exhibitionism | Voyeurism | Undinism | 1b | multi | Ans. (B). Exhibitionism(Ref: The essentials of forensic medicine and toxicology; Dr. KS Narayana Reddy, 33rd edition; Page no: 432) | Forensic Medicine | Sexual Offenses |
5c103b98-9ea0-47b1-bdd6-4749f1a864d2 | All of the following are tuning fork tests to differentiate hearing loss, EXCEPT: | Schwabach test | Gelles test | Burn's test | Rinne test | 2c | multi | Tuning fork tests: Rinne's test Weber test Absolute bone conduction (ABC) test Schwabach's test Bing test Gelle's test Common tuning fork tests and their interpretation: Test Normal Conductive deafness SN deafness Rinne AC>BC (Rinne positive) BC>AC (Rinne negative) AC>BC Weber Not laterized Laterized to poorer ear Late... | ENT | null |
6e9a4af8-1f01-44cd-bc36-ad702ff8d035 | EMA-CO regime of chemotherapy is used in the treatment of? | Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia | Malignant Ovarian germ cell tumor | Endometrial carcinoma | CA cervix | 0a | single | Ans. A. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasiaPatients with high-risk tumors (high beta-hCG levels, disease presenting >=4 months after antecedent pregnancy, brain or liver metastasis, or failure of single-agent methotrexate) are initially treated with combination chemotherapy. EMA-CO (a cyclic non-cross-resistant combina... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gestational Trophoblastic Disease |
16195818-6d7d-49df-b201-2fde578eeb4d | Confounding factors can be eliminatined by all except- | Matching | Blinding | Randomization | Multivariate analysis | 2c | multi | Randomization is a statistical procedure by which the paicipants are allocated into groups usually called study and control groups to receive or not to receive an experimental, preventive or therapeutic procedure, manoeuvre, intervention. It is an attempt to eliminate bias and allow for comparability. Ref: 25th edition... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
96deed91-601c-44e0-a356-a6443973c875 | As compared to UV light, visible light can cure | Greater depth of resin | Lesser depth of resin | Only superficial layer | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
2a0e42b2-4dc3-4ceb-bed1-b8d12329b223 | The maintenance of posture in a normal adult | human being depends upon | Integrity of reflex arc | Muscle power | Type of muscle fibers | Joint movements in physiological range | 0a | single | the connection between the afferent and efferent neurons is usually in the cns and activity in the reflex arc is modified by the multiple inputs converging on the efferent neurons or at any synaptic station within the reflex loop. Therefore integrity of reflex arc is necessary for maintenance of posture. Ref: Ganong&;s... | Physiology | Nervous system |
af45a83b-1c69-41e7-8189-f688c8fc26fa | All of the following are indications for Anti D prophylaxis, EXCEPT: | Medical aboion for 63 days pregnancy | Amniocentesis at 16 weeks | Intrauterine transfusion at 28 weeks | Manual removal of Placenta | 2c | multi | Anti D prophylaxis is not given after intrauterine transfusion. Intrauterine transfusion is done to prevent the fetus from dying. If the hydropic fetus is too immature for early delivery, intrauterine transfusion is done. Transfusion is done through intraperitoneal and intravascular routes. This is performed using O-ne... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
55502bde-a7d0-4c53-9a2b-d483ef3ce187 | Hypeension is associated with all of the following except: March 2010 | Excess salt | Excess exercise | Phaeochromocytoma | Obesity | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Excess exercise Modifiable risk factors: - Obesity - Excess salt intake Saturated fat in the diet - Environmental stress - Reduced physical activity Renovascular hypeension: It has two main causes: fibromuscular dysplasia and atheromatous stenosis. Hypeension secondary to other renal disorders: - Chronic renal ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
1684d689-2468-4dcb-a93f-ec37ffe4d4f0 | Whitfield&;s ointment consists of - | 3% salicylic acid + 6% benzoic acid | 3% benzoic acid + 6% salicylic acid | 2% salicylic acid + 4% benzoic acid | 2% benzoic acid + 4% salicylic acid | 0a | single | WHITFIELD'S ointment:-3% salicylic acid + 6% benzoic acid. It is used as antifungals and keratolytic iadvl textbook of dermatology page 252 | Dental | miscellaneous |
31a850f4-874e-4529-a047-cf18f62e47a8 | Lattice retinal degeneration seen in | Myopia | Hypermetropia | Presbyopia | Anisocoria | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' i.e. . Myopia. Lattice degeneration of retina is seen in Myopia or more specifically, pathological myopia.Myopia is clinically of 3 types:-Developmental myopic -a congenital stationary* condition in which a child is bom with an abnormally long eye.Simple myopia :Commonest type of myopiaPathological myopia:is... | Ophthalmology | Dystrophies and Degenerations |
434ad136-f356-4621-b9c9-936a745f2328 | Formication and delusion of persecution, both are together seen in: | LSD psychosis | Amphetamine psychosis | Cocaine psychosis | Cannabis psychosis | 2c | multi | C. i.e. Cocaine psychosis - Cocaine blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine & serotonin; impairs nerve conduction (LA action) and Vt hypeensionQ. Cocaine causes no physical dependence but moderate/strong psychological dependence. It is unique in not producing significant toleranceQ. lnfact paranoid psychosis observ... | Psychiatry | null |
2af71883-fdb5-43d0-b407-d9b1c88221f2 | A 32-year-old woman presents to you for evaluation of headache. The headaches began at age 18, were initially unilateral and worse around the time of her menses. Initially the use of triptans two or three times a month would provide complete relief. Over the past several years, however, the headaches have become more f... | Status migrainosus | Medication overuse headache | Space-occupying intracerebral lesion | CNS vasculitis | 1b | multi | Patients who use medications for headache more than twice weekly are at risk of medication overuse headache. Any analgesic, including triptans themselves, can contribute, but opiates and barbiturates are the main culprits. In this setting, the migraine may "transform" into a chronic daily headache. Medication overuse h... | Medicine | C.N.S. |
f22b1a51-3851-472d-8160-48cbc914e125 | A person after 6 hours of consuming rice pudding in restaurant develops vomiting. True statement regarding food poisoning is | Caused by staphylococcus aureus | Preformed toxin | Caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus | Heat labile toxin | 1b | multi | Bacillus cereus is an impoant cause of food poisoning. Two patterns: diarrheal and emetic. Diarrheal: associated with cooked meat and vegetables. Diarrhea and abdominal pain 8-16 hours after the ingestion of contaminated food. Vomiting rarely. Bacilli are not found in the fecal specimen of these patients. Emetic: assoc... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
12ed67dc-f57c-4093-ab30-ed8ca28093b8 | The optic foramen is located between | Greater wing and lesser wing of sphenoid | Greater wing and body of sphenoid | Lesser wing and body of sphenoid | Lesser wing of sphenoid and ethmoid | 2c | single | The optic foramen/canal is the opening of the optic canal. It is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of sphenoid. Contents: Optic nerve and ophthalmic aery Ref: BD Chaurasia; 6th edition | Anatomy | Head and neck |
42e6e206-6f59-4c05-9f95-e0ff36e0fd20 | Agoraphobia is | Fear of open spaces | Fear of closed spaces | Fear of heights | Fear of crowded places | 0a | single | (A) Fear of open spaces PHOBIC DISORDERSFear of Situation or ObjectsPhobias* Dread of Open spaceAgoraphobia* Dread of VehiclesAmaxophobia* Dread of FloodsAntlophobia* Dread of ConfinementClaustrophobia* Dread of Being locked inClithrophobia* Dread of DogsCynophobia* Dread of Sexual intercourse or STDCypridcphobia* Drea... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
d2a8c684-df8f-4d57-9a4e-de5d6a6e3a75 | A 52-year-old woman is started on a low sodium diet. She feels well and is experiencing no symptoms. Her physical examination is normal except for a sustained cardiac apical impulse.For the patient placed on a dietary restriction, select the most likely diagnosis. | diabetes | obesity | hypertension | irritable bowel syndrome | 2c | multi | Some patients with hypertension are salt sensitive, and will lower their blood pressure with salt restriction. Low sodium diets are also recommended in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), ascites, or chronic renal failure. | Medicine | Endocrinology |
350bea28-c3e3-4f5c-8891-5e5a1252e194 | General fertility rate is a better measure of fertility than the crude birth rate because the denominator includes - | 15 - 45 years of age female | Midyear population | Total woman population | Married woman population | 0a | single | Birth rate → Simplest indicator of fertility
No. of live births per 1000 estimated mid year population
Birth rate = (No. of live birth during the year / estimated mid yr. Population) x 1000
General fertility rate → (No. of live births in an area during the year / mid year female population (15 to 45 yrs) in the same... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
edbafca6-1fb8-4580-b53a-bbed4e226486 | Which of the following does not present with hemoptysis: September 2010 | Mitral stenosis | Pulmonary embolism | Empyema | Bronchiectasis | 2c | single | Ans. C: Empyema The origin of blood can be known by observing its color. Bright red, foamy blood comes from the respiratory tract while dark red, coffee-colored blood comes from the gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes hemoptysis may be rust colored. Causes of hemoptysis includes: Lung cancer, including both non-small cel... | Medicine | null |
9cdc310a-d3b4-46b8-b748-1df59355bcf3 | EMLA constituent is - | Lidocaine + Cocaine | Lidocaine + Prilocaine | Lidocaine + Bupivacaine | Bupivacaine + Prilocaine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lidocaine + Prilocaine Eutectic mixture of local Anaestheticso This is unique topical preparation which can anaesthetise intact skin.o It is a mixture of 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5 prilocaine.o It acts slowly and the cream must held in contact with skin for at least l hour.o EMLA is used : to make venepun... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous (Local and Regional Anesthesia) |
5ef3e3bd-1268-472f-bdc5-4d546a77f644 | True about mounting stones is | Fast setting | High expansion | High strength | All of the above | 0a | multi | The use of an articulator makes it necessary to mount the casts using a gypsum-producing product. These materials are referred to as "mounting" stones or plasters. They are fast setting and have low setting expansion. The mounting plaster has a sufficiently low strength to permit easy trimming and facilitate separating... | Dental | null |
f7fe694b-36a1-4344-bf87-470484266112 | It is true that sarcoma - a) Are malignant tumours of mesenchyme origin b) Usualy spread by vascular invasion c) Metastasise frequently to regional lymph node d) Are only loosely invasive | ab | bc | cd | ac | 0a | multi | Pathways of metastasis
Distant metastasis of cancers may occur through one of three pathways.
1. Direct seeding of body cavities or surface
It occurs when a malignant neoplasm penetrates into a natural open field.
Most common cavity involved is peritoneal cavity, but other cavities may also be involved, e.g., pleu... | Pathology | null |
dc6d88d7-3033-405f-9e19-264fad0067c3 | The rate-limiting step for norepinephrine synthesis | Conversion of phenylalanine to Tyrosine | Conversion of Tyrosine to DOPA | Conversion of DOPA to dopamine | Conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine | 1b | multi | In the synthesis of Norepinephrine, Tyrosine is hydroxylated to 3,4dihydroxyphenylalanine by tyrosine hydroxylase. This enzyme catalyses the rate limiting reaction and require tetrahydrobiopterin as coenzyme.Ref: Biochemistry, U. Satyanarayana, Fouh edition, page no: 349 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
c9324ce3-7bf3-4039-96db-bc793a0bc471 | All of the following indicate Fetal distress except: | Thick (pea-soup) meconium | Fetal hea rate 100/minute | Loss of beat-to-beat variation | Fetal skull blood pH>7.32 | 3d | multi | Fetal skull blood pH>7.32 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
39b42c52-ff6c-4bc6-ae30-89af10fbb469 | A 56-year-old man has been admitted to the ICU in respiratory distress. An endotracheal tube is placed for mechanical ventilation at a tidal volume of 900 mL, a rate of 12 breaths/min, and FiO2 50%. PEEP is 10 cm of water. Medications include subcutaneous heparin and aspirin. He now develops tachycardia and a blood pre... | Cardiac arrhythmia | Bronchial secretions | Myocardial infarction | Pneumothorax | 3d | single | The sudden onset of tachycardia and hypotension indicates an acute process. Since the patient is being mechanically ventilated with positive pressure, he is at increased risk of a bullous rupture from barotrauma, leading to a pneumothorax.
Cardiac arrhythmia could lead to tachycardia and hypotension. Ventricular tachyc... | Unknown | null |
6b09b1ef-77fa-4929-bb6e-a3657dee79b4 | Zoonosis is/are - | Anthrax | Brucella | Leptospirosis | Chaga's disease | 0a | single | <p> Anthrax is an eg for zoonoses. Zoonoses means an infection or infectious disease transmissible under natural conditions from veebrate animals to man. Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine,K.Park,23rd edition,page no:94. <\p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
cf7612ac-6794-46f0-bb67-4a3b4ee21898 | Which of the following is a laboratory finding of Multiple myeloma | Bence jones protein | Hyperglobulinemia | Both | None | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
b87f66a7-872d-454f-bc65-c576e76abf55 | In extended supraomohyoid neck dissection, lymph Node dissection is done up to: | II | III | IV | V | 2c | single | Selective Neck Dissection - Supraomohyoid neck dissection: Removal of level I-III LNs - Extended supraomohyoid neck dissection: Removal of level I-IV LNs - Posterolateral Neck Dissection: Removal of level II-V LNs + suboccipital LNs + retro auricular LNs - Lateral neck dissection: removal of level II-V LNs + Internal j... | Surgery | Neck |
136713a1-e0c5-489f-99a1-977e34829867 | Which one of the following soft tissue sarcomas frequently metastasizes to lymph nodes | Fibrosarcoma | Osteosarcoma | Embryonal Rhabdomysarcoma | Alveolar soft pa sarcoma | 2c | single | The types of sarcoma with the highest incidence of lymph node metastasis are angiosarcoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and epithelioid sarcoma. Other sarcomas which also spread to lymph nodes are synol sarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, lymphangiosarcoma, carcinosarcoma of uterus. Reference : page 311 SRB's manual of surgery 5t... | Surgery | Urology |
90c6c881-65fd-4d82-8d23-49e1dc4270fb | Which patter of inheritance of disease is associated with consanguinity? | Autosomal recessive | Autosomal dominant | X linked recessive | X linked dominant | 0a | single | CONSANGUINITY - condition in which closely related individuals are going to have the marriage. This can lead to expression of even those genes which are recessive in nature. Therefore, it is a risk factor for expression of AR disorder. | Pathology | FMGE 2018 |
84b92928-f3f8-43d0-9294-ad30277c5b13 | Which is the ideal method of sterilization for snap a ray film holder? | Hot air oven | Cannot be sterilized as it is plastic | Chemical sterilization | Autoclave | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
bd8fdea3-94be-4404-9c13-c7638ddc7847 | Which cervical veebra that does not have a body or spinous process? | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | 0a | single | First cervical veebra is ring-shaped. It has neither a body nor a spine.Features of typical cervical, thoracic and lumbar veebra are given belowFeaturesCervical veebraThoracic veebraLumbar veebraBodySmall and broad from side to sideMedium size and hea-shapedLarge and kidney-shapedVeebral foramenLarge than the body and ... | Microbiology | All India exam |
8111f999-a24e-47b3-ba55-7685f358e3c7 | Which of the following is used to treat pain | Subcaudate tractotomy | Cingulotomy | Transcutaneous nerve stimulation | All of the above | 2c | multi | There are various modalities of treatment which are tried for chronic pain:-
i) Pharmacotherapy:- The various drugs (mentioned above) are used for chronic pain syndrome. The various routes can be used:- oral, intravenous, epidural, or Transcutaneous.
ii) Neuro-surgical:- Anterolateral cordotomy, dorsal root entry zone ... | Physiology | null |
fe529f92-9a22-401a-a0e7-a3e5899b8286 | All of the following viruses involve eye except | Herpes zoster | Herpes simplex | Echo | Adenovirus -8 | 2c | multi | All the options are correct but since the least common is echovirus will be marked as the answer | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
91b640f4-a70b-45c5-9a57-52cefd6b40a1 | A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after sustaining a stab wound to the lower back. Examination shows right leg weakness in all muscle groups and loss of vibration and proprioception on the same side. There is loss of pain and temperature sensation but preserved motor strength in the left leg. He ... | Anterior cord syndrome | Cauda equina syndrome | Central cord syndrome | Hemisection of the cord | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
135448bc-0d0c-44d5-a923-ff0d3811581b | Specificity is related to: | True positive | True negative | False positive | False negative | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' ie true negatives Sensitivity -is defined as the ability of a test to identify correctly those who have the disease that is 'true positives \Specificity -is defined as the ability of a test to identify correctly those who do not have the disease. That is 'true negatives.9 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening for Disease |
cbcee93d-79a2-487f-9f0f-3eb8b52b3336 | Semicircular canals are stimulated by - | Gravity | Linear acceleration | Rotation | Sound | 2c | single | null | ENT | null |
1165c069-adea-4433-adc3-a8d99eb8e6c0 | Commonest of female cause pseudohermaphrodism ? | CAH | Maternal ovarian tumor | Maternal drug intake | Chromosomal abnormalites | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CAH Female pseudohermaphroditism. Gentotype is XX Gonads are ovaries External genitalia are virilized (male differentiation). As there is no mullarian inhibiting factor, mullarian duct develops into uterus tubes and ovary. But due to presence of androgen external genitalia are virilized. Causes are: C... | Pediatrics | null |
5e70090c-42a6-4b29-a5f1-588135109036 | An 8-month-old infant had stridor with respiratory difficulty which worsened on crying. On examination, laryngoscopy showed a red mass in the subglottic area. All the following are used in the treatment EXCEPT | CO 2 laser vaporization | Coicosteroids | Tracheostomy | Radiotherapy | 3d | multi | History and examination suggest diagnosis is juvenile papilloma - They are viral in origin and multiple, often involving infants and young children. * They are mostly seen on the true and false cords and the epiglottis, glistening white, irregular growth, pedunculated * Or sessile, friable and bleeding easily | Surgery | null |
c93787f2-a1bb-467e-a1d2-fde1e29b3214 | Household insecticide used for malaria | Malathion | Pyrethrum | Paris green | Permethrin | 0a | single | Malathion Malathion has the least toxicity of all organophosphorous compounds. The technical product is a yellow or clear- brown liquid with an unpleasant smell. Commercially, water- dispersible powders are available. Malathion is used in doses of 100-200 mg. per sq. ft., every 3 months. Because of its low toxicity, ma... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health |
0c718912-5394-47e4-8a07-2502e0787692 | A 33-year-old man presented with a slowly progressive swelling in the middle l/3rd of his right tibia. X-rays examination revealed multiple sharply demarcated radiolucent lesions separated by areas of dense and sclerotic bone. Microscopic examination of a biopsy specimen revealed island of epithelial cells in a fibrous... | Adamantinoma | Osteofibrous dysplasia | Osteosarcoma | Fibrous cortical defect | 0a | single | Ans- A Adamantinoma Adamantinoma characteristically presents in the tibial diaphysis of a middle aged person with mild to moderate discomfort, islands of epithelial cells in a fibrous stroma (hall mark) histologically, and bubbly bone destruction (radiolucent lesions separated by dense sclerotic bone) radiologically. A... | Unknown | null |
94074bed-c87e-442e-acc2-a7d3f5a81b1c | False regarding Cytochrome P-450 enzymes : | They are involved in the production of steroids | They absorb maximum light at 450nm wavelength | They are present in endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells | They are non-heme proteins | 3d | multi | cytochrome P450 a microsomal enzyme is a hemoprotein, which serves as the terminal oxidase. The name cytochrome P450 (abbreted as P450 or CYP ) is derived from the spectral propeies of this hemoprotein. In its reduced (ferrous) form, it binds carbon monoxide to give a complex that absorbs light maximally at 450 nm. The... | Pharmacology | General anatomy |
f17c6b21-44c6-4eea-a624-b5768a942b0e | (Incidence of disease among exposed - incidence among non-exposed) x 1000 / (Incidence among exposed) gives the value of- | Relative risk | Attributable risk | Odd ratio | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Attributable risk * Odds ratio is a measure of the strength of the association between risk factor & outcome. Diseased Not Diseased Exposed A B Not Exposed C D Odds ratio = AD/BC Relative risk = (Incidence of disease among exposed) x 1000 / (Incidence of disease among non-exposed) Attributable risk = (... | Unknown | null |
72c382c1-fcd6-4798-8a9f-bc4a179c3769 | The earliest hematologic manifestation of megaloblastic anemia is | Increase in MCV | Hypersegmented polymorphs | Thrombocytopenia | Leukopenia | 1b | single | Microcytic anemiaMacrocytic anemiaSideroblastic anemiaIron deficiency anemiaThalassemiaAnemia of chronic disease Liver disease Hypothyroidism Folic acid & vitamin B12 deficiency Cytotoxic drugs Megaloblastic anemiaTriad - Oval macrocyte , Howel Jolly bodies , Hypersegmented neutrophilsBone marrow - hypercellular bone m... | Pathology | All India exam |
a2d5c260-1618-4fd6-966d-086367e8681b | Mutton for keratic precipitate and Busacca's nodules is seen in: | Granulomatous uveitis | Non-granulomatous uveitis | Posterior uveitis | Choroiditis | 0a | single | Ans. Granulomatous uveitis | Ophthalmology | null |
0971d82b-132f-4d95-bc09-29dde0314c95 | Early mediators of allergic rhinitis are -a) Leukotrieneb) IL-4c) IL-5d) Bradykinine) PAF | ab | bc | acd | abcde | 3d | multi | Allergic rhinitis is Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction | ENT | null |
de065b85-3d31-4926-8a40-2fd466950f75 | What is the most likely cause of this finding in a man from Mexico who had a biopsy showing gram-negative bacilli? | Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis | Mycobacterium leprae | Acinetobacter baumannii | Treponema pallidum | 0a | multi | Answer A. Klebsiella rhinoscleromatisRhinoscleroma is a chronic bacterial infection that is typically caused by the gram-negative bacillus K. rhinoscleromatis. | Medicine | Infection |
57964548-a9d9-46c5-8d55-275a9d0be79f | Human papillomavirus is most commonly associated with | Rectal polyps | Prostate cancer | Condyloma acuminatum | Hepatic carcinoma | 2c | single | Papillomavirus infects the skin or mucosa and causes benign tumors. The lesion is termed condyloma acuminatum. These tumors may undergo malignant conversion and become squamous cell carcinomas. Classification of the human papillomavirus is done by DNA hybridization, and to date 46 types have been recognized. Some types... | Surgery | null |
41876b30-7b60-47d4-b6d6-4c3c3cff29c1 | All are complication of ileal resection, Except -a) Megaloblastic anaemiab) Iron deliciency anaemiac) Gastric hyposecretiond) Malabsorption syndrome | bc | c | ac | ad | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
5a47d6a4-f651-4aae-a787-4573eb372cb4 | Transcription is the process of - | Protein synthesis | DNA replication | Synthesis of RNA | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Synthesis of RNA o DNA stores genetic information Information about amino acid sequence of all the proteins is present in the form of genes in DNA.o The entire genetic material present in the DNA of an organism is known as genome.o The important role of DNA in transfer of information in living cells i... | Biochemistry | Transcription |
81a0cf01-6234-48ca-91a4-dcc24bad97ab | Epiphyseal dysgenesis is a feature of- | Hyperparathyroidism | Hypoparathyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Hyperthyroidism | 2c | single | Epiphyseal dysgenesis means fragmented/punctate epiphysis.
Epiphyseal dysgenesis is characteristic of hypothyroidism. | Orthopaedics | null |
72f03ed1-98fb-489d-b645-194a31146f60 | The following lesion was noticed in a patient with history of involuntary weight loss. What is the diagnosis? | Acanthosis nigricans | Leser-Trelat sign | Actinic keratosis | Interiginous candida | 0a | single | The image shows presence of asymmetric, velvety hyperpigmentation at the back of the neck of the patient suggestive of diagnosis of acanthosis nigricans. It is seen in patients with impaired glucose tolerance and internal malignancy. Choice B is seen in patients with internal malignancy and but has multiple pigmented s... | Medicine | Diabetes Mellitus |
e47deac8-6fdc-4480-8776-2e70f1de47ac | In myasthenia gravis the neuromuscular junctions contain deposits of | Acetyicholine | Acetyicholine Receptor Antigens | Acetyicholinesterase | Immunoglobulin | 3d | single | Antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor can be demonstrated in the serum of most patients with myasthenia gravis. This immunoglobulinsare deposited at the neuromuscular junction and can be demonstrated immunohistochemically in muscle biopsies. Ref - Harrison's internal medicine 20e pg 3232 | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
095a4b31-a636-4079-acaf-c2b33fe0ec74 | When one drug decreases or inhibits the action of other it is called- | Antagonism | Agonism | Inverseagonism | Synergism | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Antagonism Antagonismo When one drug decreases or inhibits the action of other.o Effect of drugs A + B < effect of drug A + effect of drug B.o Antagonism may be :PhysicalBased on physical property'ChemicalThe two drugs react chemically and form an inactive product.Physiological,functionalThe two drugs... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
e672310b-7640-48ad-abbd-6b0c3993871b | Best investigation to detect rupture of breast implant is | USG | Mammography | MRI | X - ray | 2c | single | Linguine sign is seen in ruptured breast implant. | Radiology | null |
8dbda03b-f915-4a58-bd58-fe3ace15b88c | Hypocalcemia in immediate post-op period following excision of parathyroid adenoma is due to | Stress | Hypercalciuria | Increased calcitonin | Increased uptake by bones | 3d | single | Hypocalcemia in immediate post-op period following excision of parathyroid adenoma is due to increased uptake by bones. It is known as Hungry Bone Syndrome | Physiology | All India exam |
248f9ca8-1ce6-4905-ab38-cc89bb2c988d | Gelle test is used for | Otosclerosis | Noise-induced hearing loss | Sensorineural deafness | None of the above | 0a | multi | Gelle&;s test is performed by placing a vibrating fork on the mastoid while changes in air pressure in the ear canal are brought about by Siegle&;s speculum. The test is positive in otosclerosis.Ref: Hazarika; 3rd ed; Pg 179 | ENT | Ear |
a10231ff-3aa3-4fb6-9021-bcb47e35d857 | Optimum minute ventilation is ensured by adjusting the following ventilation parameters | PEEP and FiO2 | Tidal volume and respiratory rate | PEEP and respiratory rate | Tidal volume and PEEP | 1b | single | Minute ventilation is tidal volume multiplied by respiratory rate.so these parameters must be adjusted to maintain optimum ventilation. | Anaesthesia | null |
8b199f11-d81e-4c29-9954-35d0580ca3e2 | In Recurrent Chalazion histopathological examination is done to rule out | Squamous cell Carcinoma | Adenoma carcinoma | Sebaceous cell carcinoma | Adenocystic carcinoma | 2c | single | (Sebaceous cell carcinoma): (430- Nema 6th edition/457-Parson 21st)CHALAZION* Malignant changes occur but rare, However in all cases with recurrences or those occurring in elderly individuals the lesion should be biopsied to rule out a meibomian cell carcinoma. (444- Parson 21st/ed)* A recurring chalazion, histopatholo... | Ophthalmology | Lid |
ce28bc79-6e65-4eab-ba0b-e16a5588b2fd | Auditory fatigue is seen at - | 90 dB, 4000Hz | 110 dB, 4000Hz | 130 dB, 4000Hz | 150 dB, 4000Hz | 0a | single | null | ENT | null |
4da74e0d-4aed-463a-a179-5529f86b570c | All are common sites of a berry aneurysm, EXCEPT- | Posterior cerebral aery | Veebral aery | Anterior cerebral aery | Middle cerebral aery | 1b | multi | Location of Berry aneurysms Berry aneurysms commonly arise at the bifurcation of major aeries. Approximately 85% of intracranial aneurysms arise on the anterior circulation, mostly on the circle of Willis. Three most common locations are: the terminal internal carotid aery middle cerebral aery bifurcation top of the ba... | Surgery | Head and neck |
2059bd87-c7ba-4645-99aa-6eac4fcadaf0 | Anticipation is seen in - | Translocation | Chromosome breaking | Trinucleotide-repeat expansion | Mitochondrial mutation | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Trinucleotide-repeat expansion Anticipation o Anticipation is a phenomenon where by the symptoms of a genetic disorders become apparent at an earlier age as it is passed to next generation. In most cases, an increased severity of symptoms is also noted. In triplet nucleotide repeat mutation, the DNA f... | Pathology | null |
b74ffc88-c167-4ae5-8c1b-a0acb04d27d3 | Which of the following has least GI toxicity ? | Indomethacin | Aspirin | Paracetamol | Phenylbutazone | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Paracetamol o Paracetamol is one of the safest NSAIDs. It produces very little GI toxicity and can be administered in patients intolerant to other NSAIDs. | Pharmacology | null |
d24c82ca-c626-424b-8c83-b86f9a98938e | Maggots in nasal cavity are most commonly treated by- | Chloroform diluted with water | Liquid paraffin | Systemic antibiotics | Lignocaine spray | 0a | single | Chloroform water or vapor must be instilled in order to anaesthetize or kill the maggots and so release their grip from the skin. | ENT | null |
6564b97b-2f31-451a-8370-98ebccb7c23d | Which is not a cause for Hamarlopia? | Polar cataract | Congenital deficiency of cones | Peripheral coical cataract | Central corneal opacity | 2c | single | Peripheral coical cataract causes Nyctalopia. Central vitreous opacity, Congenital deficiency of cones and Central nuclear or polar cataracts can cause Hamarlopia (Day blindness). Ref: A K Khurana, 2nd Edition, Page 11. | Ophthalmology | null |
afaccfd9-81f2-4147-8a87-02cdf3fc290e | In "Thylstrup Fejereskov Index", 'Opaque white lines are more pronounced and frequently merge to form small cloudy areas scattered over the whole surface area', the score given is | 2 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
8da4e818-d7f5-411d-be06-752596b99b64 | Study of designing equipment and devices that fit the human body, its movements, and its cognitive abilities is | Economics | Bionomics | Socionomics | Ergonomics | 3d | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
3d57c639-b165-4832-8b2d-a39c81a817e1 | Which of the following function is done by RNAi in a gene? | Knock in | Knockout | Knockdown | Knock up | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Knock down(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 3-4)Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)*Short RNA sequences introduced experimentally into cells*Their action is similar to endogenous miRNAs.*Synthetic siRNAs targeted against specific mRNA have become useful laboratory tools to study gene function (so-called "knockdown technology") | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
2b0fe1e7-4ed8-4dc6-9490-340cda5060aa | 20 permanent teeth and 8 temporary teeth are seen at the age of : | 10 years | 11 years | 9 years | 12 years | 0a | single | A i.e. 10 years | Forensic Medicine | null |
8a7697a5-7d15-4d0c-b71e-dfcc457d5680 | A reliable indicator of pubertal growth spurt on hand
wrist films is sought as: | Ossification of adductor sessamoid | Appearance of hook of hamate | Ossification of all the carpal bones | Ossification of pisiform | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
328ab9ff-21d5-4e94-b8cf-0bf9e1df67d8 | Opioid antagonist that can be given orally – | Naltrexone | Naloxone | Nalbuphene | Pentazocine | 0a | multi | Amongst opioid antagonists :- Naloxone is given iv or im, Nalmefene is given iv, im or sc, and Naltrexone is given orally. | Anaesthesia | null |
67b8f411-49ef-4594-9a22-8c557996c2a6 | A 3year old boy presented with recurrent attacks of pneumonia and otitis media since 1st bihday. Diagnosis is X-linked agammaglobulinemia and most likely offending organism is | CMV | Mycoplasma | Pneumocystis jiroveci | Streptococcus pneumonia | 3d | single | X-LINKED AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIAPatients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), or Bruton agammaglobulinemia, have a profound defect in B-lymphocyte development resulting in severe hypogammaglobulinemia, an absence of circulating B cells, small to absent tonsils, and no palpable lymph nodes.Clinical ManifestationsMost boys... | Pediatrics | Respiratory system |
256c76e7-f0c9-4e20-ae5b-db6dcfacd848 | The most common cyst of the oral region is - | Dentigerous cyst | Keratosis cyst | Dermoid cyst | Periapical cyst | 3d | single | Ans. (d) Periapical cystRef: Scott-Browns Otorhinolaryngology 7/e p 1924-1925Periapical Cyst (Radicular Cyst)* MC type of Jaw cyst* Inflammatory origin* Found at the apex of teeth.* Result in long standing Pulpitis.* Removal of irritant material and tooth extraction. | Surgery | Oral Cavity |
945e4683-c4a2-49b4-8261-c4bc2cab35ad | Which of the following is true regarding weakness in myasthenia gravis? | Only skeletal muscles are involved | Deep tendon reflexes are lost | Associated with sensory loss | Associated with some degree of altered sensorium | 0a | multi | Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorder characterized by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles. The underlying defect is a decrease in the number of available acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at NMJs due to an antibody-mediated autoimmune attack. If weakness remains restricted to the EO... | Medicine | C.N.S |
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