pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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19,112,789 | Are lower levels of in-stent late loss associated with the risk of stent thrombosis in patients receiving drug-eluting stents? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is any relationship between in-stent late loss (ISLL) and the risk of stent thrombosis (ST) in patients treated with drug eluting stents (DES). The benefit of DES in reducing binary angiographic restenosis and the need for new revascularisation ... | The risk of ST and LST after DES implantation is not related with ISLL values. A very low mean value of ISLL is nor associated with a higher risk of ST. | no |
19,095,222 | Does a line of mice selected for high blood ethanol concentrations show drinking in the dark to intoxication? | {
"contexts": [
"Many animal models of alcoholism have targeted aspects of excessive alcohol intake (abuse) and dependence. In the rodent, models aimed at increasing alcohol self-administration have used genetic or environmental manipulations, or their combination. Strictly genetic manipulations (e.g., comparison... | These mice will be useful for mechanistic studies of the biological and genetic contributions to excessive drinking. | yes |
19,096,149 | Are tGF-beta repressors SnoN and Ski implicated in human colorectal carcinogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"The TGF-beta signaling repressors SnoN and Ski have been critically implicated in human cancer.",
"To explore the role of SnoN and Ski in the development and progression of colorectal cancer we examined their protein expression profile by immunohistochemistry in a series of human colorectal a... | Our findings suggest that SnoN and Ski exert oncogenic effects in human colorectal carcinogenesis and their overexpression is implicated in early stage disease. | yes |
19,111,752 | Does multidrug-resistance-associated protein play a protective role in menadione-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Menadione, a redox-cycling quinone known to cause oxidative stress, binds to reduced glutathione (GSH) to form glutathione S-conjugate. Glutathione S-conjugates efflux is often mediated by multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP). We investigated the effect of a transporter inhibitor, MK571 ... | We conclude that MRP plays a vital role in protecting BAECs against menadione-induced oxidative stress, presumably due to its ability to transport glutathione S-conjugate. | yes |
19,092,239 | Are common variants in interleukin-1-Beta gene associated with intracranial hemorrhage and susceptibility to brain arteriovenous malformation? | {
"contexts": [
"Polymorphisms in the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta gene have been associated with systemic atherogenesis, thrombosis and rupture. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1beta and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in... | IL-1beta promoter polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of ICH in BAVM clinical course and with BAVM susceptibility. These results suggest that inflammatory pathways, including the IL-1beta cytokine, may play an important role in ICH. | yes |
19,088,109 | Does sustained replication in endometrium of women with endometriosis occur without evoking a DNA damage response? | {
"contexts": [
"To test our hypothesis that eutopic secretory phase endometrium from women with endometriosis is similar to proliferative phase endometrium from fertile women without endometriosis, we explored the expression of regulators of cell fate across the menstrual cycle.",
"Endometrial biopsies were ... | These findings demonstrate that the state of replication seen in secretory phase endometrium from women with active peritoneal endometriosis is not a simple extension of the proliferative phase. | yes |
19,085,971 | Do llama-derived single-domain intrabodies inhibit secretion of hepatitis B virions in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections cause 500,000 to 700,000 deaths per year as a consequence of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Efficient and safe antivirals to treat chronically infected patients and consequently to prevent development of hepatocellular carcinoma are ... | VHHs potently inhibited secretion of HBV virions in vivo, showing that this approach might be useful in the treatment of HBV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of intrabody-mediated inhibition of viral secretion in mammals. | yes |
19,107,465 | Does 24-h smoking abstinence potentiate fMRI-BOLD activation to smoking cues in cerebral cortex and dorsal striatum? | {
"contexts": [
"Exposure to smoking-related cues can trigger relapse in smokers attempting to maintain abstinence.",
"In the present study, we evaluated the effect of 24-h smoking abstinence on brain responses to smoking-related cues using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).",
"Eighteen adult s... | The present findings indicate that smoking abstinence significantly potentiates neural responses to smoking-related cues in brain regions subserving visual sensory processing, attention, and action planning. Moreover, greater abstinence-induced craving was significantly correlated with increased smoking cue activation ... | yes |
19,102,362 | Does eUS clarify the natural history and ideal management of GISTs? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal gastrointestinal tumors expressing C-kit (CD117). Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) evaluations of GISTs can help determine optimal therapy and follow-up care. The current study assesses the natural history of 100 GISTs evaluated by EUS, and ... | EUS elucidates GIST natural history and can help guide management. GISTs larger than 17 mm should be monitored by EUS and considered for more aggressive treatment. Searching for synchronous tumors in patients with GISTs should be considered. | yes |
19,098,018 | Does complement factor H Y402H decrease cardiovascular disease risk in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of the complement system seems an important link between inflammation and atherogenesis. The Y402H polymorphism of complement factor H (CFH) has been associated with cardiovascular events, but results are conflicting and possibly modified by age of onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD)... | Among patients with severely increased risk of early onset CVD, the Y402H CFH variant was inversely associated with susceptibility to CVD. This suggests that CFH is a modifier gene of CVD. | yes |
19,099,313 | Is plasma sFlt-1-to-PlGF ratio correlated with inflammatory but not with oxidative stress in Chinese preeclamptic women? | {
"contexts": [
"Considerable interest has been focused on angiogenic factors and angiogenic imbalance in the field of pre-eclampsia (PE), owing to its gaining role in the development of PE. This study was addressed to investigate the associations of sFlt-1-to-PlGF plasma ratios with oxidative stress assessed by ... | In Chinese preeclamptic women, plasma sFlt-1-to-PlGF ratio is correlated with inflammatory and adipocytokines but not with oxidative stress. | yes |
19,091,534 | Is triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio an independent predictor for coronary heart disease in a population of Iranian men? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), which has been shown to be an indicator of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance, can predict coronary heart disease (CHD) independently of total cholesterol (TC) and other risk factors in an I... | The evaluation of TG/HDL-C ratio should be considered for CHD risk prediction in our male population with a high prevalence of MetS. | yes |
19,111,358 | Are creatinine and eGFR similarly predictive of outcome of acute coronary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed to compare the ability of creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to predict outcome in unselected patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).",
"Data on renal function at admission and in-hospital outcome were available for 781 of 1165 consecutive admissi... | Creatinine and eGFR are similarly predictive in stratifying risk of mortality and MACE in 'real world' patients with acute coronary syndrome. | yes |
19,116,330 | Does reduced production of sulfated glycosaminoglycans occur in Zambian children with kwashiorkor but not marasmus? | {
"contexts": [
"Kwashiorkor, a form of severe malnutrition with high mortality, is characterized by edema and systemic abnormalities. Although extremely common, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood, and its characteristic physical signs are unexplained.",
"Because kwashiorkor can develop in protein-... | Intestinal HSPG loss occurs in kwashiorkor, which may precipitate protein-losing enteropathy to cause edema. If occurring systemically, impaired HSPG expression could cause several previously unexplained features of kwashiorkor. We speculate that a genetic predisposition to reduced HSPG biosynthesis may offer a contras... | yes |
19,091,449 | Are knee-extension strength , postural control and function related to fracture type and thigh edema in patients with hip fracture? | {
"contexts": [
"Post-surgery thigh edema, loss of knee-extension strength, and reduced physical performance are common following a hip fracture. It is not known if knee-extension strength and physical performance are related to the edema and fracture type. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of fr... | Our results indicate that fracture type and the corresponding thigh edema are important factors influencing physical performances after hip fracture. These findings have important implications for rehabilitation programs and for further research in patients with hip fracture. | yes |
19,091,442 | Are telomere length , telomeric proteins and DNA damage repair proteins differentially expressed between primary lung tumors and their adrenal metastases? | {
"contexts": [
"The development of molecular targeted therapies as anti-cancer strategies raises important questions regarding the biological and molecular behavior of the metastatic sites as compared to their corresponding primary tumors. We analysed telomere related markers (telomere length and telomeric prote... | There are clear molecular discrepancies at the telomeric and DDR level between primary tumors and their corresponding metastases. Our results may have important implications for the development of molecular targeted therapies aiming at DNA damage repair and telomeric components. Our findings suggest that primary tumors... | yes |
19,108,024 | Is allogeneic blood transfusion given before radiotherapy associated with the poor clinical outcome in patients with cervical cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyze the effect of allogeneic blood transfusion on clinical outcome in 119 patients with stage IIB cervical cancer who were treated with radiotherapy +/- chemotherapy.",
"Medical records were examined for hemoglobin levels before and during radiotherapy, history of allogeneic blood tran... | Our results suggest that allogeneic blood transfusions given before radiotherapy may be associated with higher incidence of distant metastases and decreased survival in patients with stage IIB cervical cancer. | yes |
19,108,023 | Is transsternal maximal thymectomy effective for extirpation of cervical ectopic thymic tissue in the treatment of myasthenia gravis? | {
"contexts": [
"Extensive extirpation of cervico-mediastinal adipose tissue increases the chance of removing ectopic thymic tissues, thus potentially improving the prognosis of myasthenia gravis after thymectomy. We sought to increase efficacy and safety of transsternal maximal thymectomy (TSMT).",
"Twenty f... | TSMT is more effective in the extirpation of ectopic thymic tissues than TSET without significant impairment of safety, especially in the cervical area. | yes |
19,087,294 | Does acidic pH shock induce the expressions of a wide range of stress-response genes? | {
"contexts": [
"Environmental signals usually enhance secondary metabolite production in Streptomycetes by initiating complex signal transduction system. It is known that different sigma factors respond to different types of stresses, respectively in Streptomyces strains, which have a number of unique signal tra... | From these observations, an acidic pH shock was considered to be one of the strongest stresses to influence a wide range of sigma factors and shock-related proteins including general stress response proteins. The upregulation of the sigma factors and shock proteins already found to be related to actinorhodin biosynthes... | yes |
19,087,295 | Do environmental rRNA inventories miss over half of protistan diversity? | {
"contexts": [
"The main tool to discover novel microbial eukaryotes is the rRNA approach. This approach has important biases, including PCR discrimination against certain rRNA gene species, which makes molecular inventories skewed relative to the source communities. The degree of this bias has not been quantifi... | The use of a single pair of primers leads to significant underestimation of the true community richness at all levels of taxonomic hierarchy. The majority of available protistan rRNA gene surveys likely sampled less than half of the target diversity, and might have completely missed the rest. The use of multiple PCR pr... | yes |
19,086,164 | Does reduction in bone resorption by exogenous glucagon-like peptide-2 administration require an intact gastrointestinal tract? | {
"contexts": [
"Biochemical markers for bone resorption (s-CTX) are reduced by food intake, whereas markers for bone formation seem to be unaffected by meal status. Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a peptide secreted from endocrine L cells in the intestinal mucosa in relation to food-intake. Subcutaneous GLP-2... | Reductions in bone resorption by exogenous GLP-2 require an intact gastrointestinal tract. The decreased meal-induced inhibition of bone resorption in the jejunostomy patients, who lack a GLP-2 response, supports the view that GLP-2 plays a role in postprandial reduction in bone resorption. | yes |
19,086,163 | Does helicobacter pylori infection induce a reversible expression of the CDX2 transcription factor protein in human gastric epithelium? | {
"contexts": [
"The homeobox gene CDX2 is implicated in the appearance of intestinal metaplasia in Helicobacter pylori gastritis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CDX2 expression in gastric mucosa occurs before the appearance of overt intestinal metaplasia in H. pylori gastritis, and whether or n... | Expression of CDX2 at low intensity is common in the epithelium of normal antrum, and this expression is enhanced in H. pylori gastritis. Expression of CDX2 is reversible at least in antrum after eradication of H. pylori infection. | yes |
19,092,334 | Does response evaluation by endoscopy , rebiopsy , and endoscopic ultrasound accurately predict histopathologic regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To prospectively assess the sensitivity (sens), specificity (spec), positive predictive value (ppv), negative predictive value (npv), and accuracy (acc) for clinical response evaluation by endoscopy, rebiopsy, and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to determine histomorphologic regression UICC T-categor... | Histomorphologic regression is an objective response parameter of significant prognostic importance. The diagnostic accuracy of endoscopy, rebiopsy, and EUS is inadequate for objective response evaluation after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and can be omitted for this purpose in the clinical practice. | no |
19,092,339 | Is sentinel node tumor burden according to the Rotterdam criteria the most important prognostic factor for survival in melanoma patients : a multicenter study in 388 patients with positive sentinel nodes? | {
"contexts": [
"The more intensive sentinel node (SN) pathologic workup, the higher the SN-positivity rate. This is characterized by an increased detection of cases with minimal tumor burden (SUB-micrometastasis <0.1 mm), which represents different biology.",
"The slides of positive SN from 3 major centers w... | This large multicenter dataset establishes that patients with SUB-micrometastases <0.1 mm have the same prognosis as SN negative patients and can be spared a CLND. A <0.2 mm cut-off for SUB-micrometastases does not seem correct for melanoma, as 10% additional nodal positivity is found. | yes |
19,115,037 | Is apoE phenotype associated with inflammatory markers in middle-aged subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Apolipoprotein (apo) E phenotype has been associated with inflammation markers. The determinants of these associations and the relationship between novel inflammation marker, resistin, and apoE phenotype are studied here.",
"Middle-aged subjects of the population- based cohort (n = 526) of th... | ApoE phenotype is an independent determinant of plasma resistin and hsCRP levels. The extent of atherosclerosis and renal function seem to modify the effects of apoE phenotype on inflammatory parameters. | yes |
19,087,150 | Are impairment of short-term memory and Korsakoff syndrome common in AIDS patients with cytomegalovirus encephalitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The diagnosis of cytomegalovirus encephalitis (CMV-E) in AIDS patients is challenging as other illnesses may obscure the symptoms. Here, we characterize the clinical symptoms of CMV-E and link them to post-mortem findings. Patients and methods In 254 homosexual men with AIDS, followed from HIV di... | The location of CMV in the brain corresponded well to the clinical findings, demonstrating the close relationship between the neurological symptoms and the neuroanatomical lesions. | yes |
19,087,156 | Does r632W mutation in PLA2G6 segregate with dystonia-parkinsonism in a consanguineous Iranian family? | {
"contexts": [
"PLA2G6 mutations are known to be responsible for infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). In addition, novel mutations in PLA2G6 have recently been associated with dystonia-parkinsonism in two unrelated consanguineous families.",
"Direc... | We conclude that different and even identical PLA2G6 mutations may cause neurodegenerative diseases with heterogeneous clinical manifestations, including INAD, NBIA and dystonia-parkinsonism. | yes |
19,116,240 | Is a novel homozygous mutation in CYP11A1 gene associated with late-onset adrenal insufficiency and hypospadias in a 46 , XY patient? | {
"contexts": [
"The first and the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of hormones in all steroidogenic tissues, conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, is catalyzed by the cholesterol side-change cleavage cytochrome P450 (P450scc) encoded by a single gene, CYP11A1. To date, mutations in CYP11A1 gene have b... | This case represents the mildest phenotype of P450scc deficiency to be described. The phenotypic presentation was consistent with the partial reduction of P450scc activity of L222P mutant. | yes |
19,103,443 | Does methylphenidate restore link between stop-signal sensory impact and successful stopping in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"The ability to revise one's action plans, as reflected in so-called stopping performance, is of fundamental importance to adaptive behavior. Previous studies in children and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have revealed impaired stopping, which improved after the admin... | A .6 mg/kg dose of methylphenidate improves stopping performance and directly targets a stop-related brain mechanism that has been reported before to be compromised in a group of ADHD patients. This mechanism was not influenced by acute serotonergic reuptake inhibition. | yes |
19,088,467 | Does route of epoetin administration influence hemoglobin variability in hemodialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Compared to the intravenous route, subcutaneous administration of epoetin requires lower dose and will be an attractive option for cost containment when bundling for dialysis is implemented. Hemoglobin variability defined as fluctuation of hemoglobin over time has not been well studied with respe... | The subcutaneous route of epoetin was associated with modestly higher hemoglobin variability, probably reflecting greater sensitivity of the subcutaneous route and/or identical epoetin-dosing algorithm employed in both the arms. This study could serve as an important guide when bundling for dialysis services is impleme... | yes |
19,106,112 | Does coupling factor 6 enhance Src-mediated responsiveness to angiotensin II in resistance arterioles and cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Coupling factor 6 (CF6) induces hypertension by attenuating the endothelial generation of prostacyclin. However, intracellular signalling of CF6 in the resistance arteriole vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that are directly related to vasoconstriction has not been determined. Here we investig... | CF6 causes hypertension by directly enhancing Ca2+ signalling in VSMCs and vasoconstriction in the mesenteric arteriolar network via c-Src activation. | yes |
19,114,272 | Does novel clomiphene `` stair-step '' protocol reduce time to ovulation in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of the study was to determine the efficacy of a novel \"stair-step\" clomiphene protocol in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) who do not respond to 50 mg clomiphene.",
"This was a retrospective analysis at an academic fertility center. The stair-step protocol is perf... | It is not necessary to induce menses before increasing clomiphene doses in nonresponsive PCOS patients. | yes |
19,114,271 | Are free T4 immunoassays flawed during pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of 2 free thyroxine immunoassays during pregnancy.",
"Serum was collected from healthy, thyroid peroxidase antibody-negative women during each trimester and nonpregnant controls. Thyrotropin, total T4 (TT4), free T4 index (FT... | Neither FT4 immunoassay accurately reflects established free T4 changes during pregnancy. TT4 and the FT4I retained an appropriate inverse relationship with TSH throughout pregnancy and appear to provide a more reliable free T4 estimate. | yes |
19,102,008 | Does intratumoural heterogeneity of intestinal expression reflect environmental induction and progression-related loss of induction in undifferentiated-type gastric carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Gene expression in tumours is regulated by environmental as well as genetic/epigenetic factors. This study assessed the environmental factors in intestinal expression of gastric cancers.",
"We immunohistochemically examined intratumoural heterogeneity in the expression of Cdx2, MUC2, MUC5AC a... | In LS(+) UGCs, intestinal expression showed dynamic alteration probably by environmental induction and progression-related loss of induction, whereas it was relatively stable in LS(-)/TC(+) UGCs. Thus, intestinal expression in UGCs is not useful as a marker of tumour progression because it is also affected by environme... | yes |
19,106,306 | Is genetic variation in the promoter region of chitinase 3-like 1 associated with atopy? | {
"contexts": [
"Atopy or atopic syndrome is an allergic hypersensitivity subject to hereditary influences. Aberrant expression of chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1), also known as YKL-40 or HC gp-39, is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and allergic diseases.",
"The genetic contribution of CHI3L1 gene to... | These results strongly suggest that the g.-247C/T polymorphism in the CHI3L1 promoter region is associated with the risk of atopy. | yes |
19,088,034 | Is early tumor drug pharmacokinetics influenced by tumor perfusion but not plasma drug exposure? | {
"contexts": [
"Pharmacokinetic parameters derived from plasma sampling are used as a surrogate of tumor pharmacokinetics. However, pharmacokinetics-modulating strategies do not always result in increased therapeutic efficacy. Nonsurrogacy of plasma kinetics may be due to tissue-specific factors such as tumor pe... | Tumor perfusion is a key factor that influences tumor drug uptake/exposure. Tumor vasculature-targeting strategies may thus result in improved tumor drug exposure and therefore drug efficacy. | yes |
19,095,428 | Is diabetes-linked zinc transporter ZnT8 a homodimeric protein expressed by distinct rodent endocrine cell types in the pancreas and other glands? | {
"contexts": [
"Zinc is abundant in pancreas, being required by endocrine islet cells for hormone secretion and by exocrine acinar cells as pancreatic juice component. ZnT8 is a member of the SLC30A family of zinc transporters whose overexpression in cultured pancreatic beta cells leads to increased insulin secr... | We provide novel insights into the features of the ZnT8 transporter, of special relevance in light of its proposed role as therapeutical target for diabetes treatment. | yes |
19,111,018 | Do low retinol levels differentially modulate bile salt-induced expression of human and mouse hepatic bile salt transporters? | {
"contexts": [
"The farnesoid X receptor/retinoid X receptor-alpha (FXR/RXRalpha) complex regulates bile salt homeostasis, in part by modulating transcription of the bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) and small heterodimer partner (SHP/NR0B2). FXR is activated by bile salts, RXRalpha by the vitamin A derivative... | We showed that 9cRA has opposite effects on bile salt-activated transcription of FXR/RXRalpha target genes. Vitamin A deficiency in CA-fed mice leads to high BSEP expression. Clearance of serum bile salts may, however, be limited because of post-transcriptional reduction of Ntcp. The molecular effects of vitamin A supp... | yes |
19,116,743 | Is for patients with predicted low risk for choledocholithiasis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy , selective intraoperative cholangiography and postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography an effective strategy to limit unnecessary procedures? | {
"contexts": [
"There is debate about whether intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) should be performed routinely or selectively during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. The timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in these patients also is an... | For patients who underwent LC, we performed selective IOC with postoperative ERCP for positive studies. Review of our experience using this algorithm showed it to be a powerful tool in limiting unnecessary ERCPs. Our data suggest that routine preoperative ERCP cannot be justified. Selective IOC during LC misses relativ... | yes |
19,100,751 | Does dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine ameliorate scopolamine-induced impairment of spatial learning and memory by targeting alpha7 nicotinic ACh receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"The present study was conducted to understand the role of 1,2-dilynoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLPhtCho) in cognitive functions.",
"Two-electrode voltage-clamp was made to Xenopus oocytes expressing rat alpha7 acetylcholine (ACh) receptors. Field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fE... | The results of the present study show that DLPhtCho improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits, possibly by facilitating hippocampal synaptic transmission under the control of alpha7 ACh receptors. DLPhtCho, therefore, could be developed as a beneficial anti-dementia drug. | yes |
19,085,954 | Does targeting heat-shock protein 90 improve efficacy of rapamycin in a model of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains associated with a poor prognosis, but novel targeted therapies in combination with anti-angiogenic substances may offer new perspectives. We hypothesized that simultaneous targeting of tumor cells, endothelial cells, and pericytes would reduce growth and ang... | Blocking Hsp90 disrupts rapamycin-induced activation of alternative signaling pathways in HCCs and substantially improves the growth-inhibitory effects of mTOR inhibition in vivo. Hence, the concept of targeting tumor cells, ECs, and VSMCs by blocking Hsp90/mTOR could prove valuable for treatment of HCC. | yes |
19,085,952 | Do cD56+ T cells inhibit hepatitis C virus replication in human hepatocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"CD56(+) T cells are abundant in liver and play an important role in defense against viral infections. However, the role of CD56(+) T cells in control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains to be determined. We investigated the noncytolytic anti-HCV activity of primary CD56(+) T cells in hum... | These findings provide direct in vitro evidence at cellular and molecular levels that CD56(+) T cells may have an essential role in innate immune cell-mediated defense against HCV infection. (HEPATOLOGY 2009.). | yes |
19,085,950 | Do bile acids activate fibroblast growth factor 19 signaling in human hepatocytes to inhibit cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Mouse fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) and human ortholog FGF19 have been identified as the bile acid-induced intestinal factors that mediate bile acid feedback inhibition of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene (C YP7A1) transcription in mouse liver. The mechanism underlying FGF15/FGF19 inhibi... | The hepatic FGF19/FGFR4/Erk1/2 pathway may inhibit CYP7A1 independent of SHP. In addition to inducing FGF19 in the intestine, bile acids in hepatocytes may activate the liver FGF19/FGFR4 signaling pathway to inhibit bile acid synthesis and prevent accumulation of toxic bile acid in human livers. | yes |
19,085,959 | Do rat hepatocyte spheroids formed by rocked technique maintain differentiated hepatocyte gene expression and function? | {
"contexts": [
"The culture of primary hepatocytes as spheroids creates an efficient three-dimensional tissue construct for hepatic studies in vitro. Spheroids possess structural polarity and functional bile canaliculi with normal differentiated function. Thus, hepatocyte spheroids have been proposed as the cell... | Spheroid formation by rocker technique was more rapid and more efficient than by rotational technique. Rocker-formed spheroids appear suitable for application in a bioartificial liver or as an in vitro liver tissue construct. | yes |
19,117,343 | Is esophageal tumor length independently associated with long-term survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Esophageal cancer staging uses tumor depth as the sole criterion for assessment of the primary tumor (pT). To the authors' knowledge the impact of esophageal tumor length on long-term outcome and the esophageal cancer staging system has not been fully evaluated in the current era.",
"All esop... | Esophageal tumor length is an independent predictor of long-term survival in the current era and should be considered for incorporation into the current esophageal cancer staging system to better predict long-term survival and identify high-risk patients for postoperative therapy. | yes |
19,117,348 | Do early changes in tumor size in patients treated for advanced stage nonsmall cell lung cancer correlate with survival? | {
"contexts": [
"In clinical trials, change in tumor size is used to stratify patients into response categories. The objective of the current study was to: 1) determine whether early change in the tumor size were correlated with survival in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using modified r... | There is no evidence of a relation between early changes in tumor size and survival among patients with advanced stage NSCLC. To predict survival in patients with advanced NSCLC, response criteria other than change in lesion size are needed. | no |
19,104,410 | Do circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction interact with proteinuria in predicting mortality in renal transplant recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"Proteinuria is associated with endothelial dysfunction (ED) and increased mortality. We investigated whether urinary protein excretion (UPE) is correlated with markers of ED and whether these markers affect the association of proteinuria with mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTR).",
... | In RTR, UPE is correlated with sVCAM-1 but not with sICAM-1. Furthermore, RTR with proteinuria and high concentrations of sICAM-1 or sVCAM-1 have an increased risk for death, compared with RTR without proteinuria, whereas this is not the case in RTR with proteinuria but low concentrations of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1. These ... | yes |
19,104,417 | Does bortezomib provide effective therapy for antibody- and cell-mediated acute rejection? | {
"contexts": [
"Current antihumoral therapies in transplantation and autoimmune disease do not target the mature antibody-producing plasma cell. Bortezomib is a first in class proteosomal inhibitor, that is Food and Drug Administration approved, for the treatment of plasma cell-derived tumors that is multiple my... | Bortezomib therapy: (1) provides effective treatment of AMR and ACR with minimal toxicity and (2) provides sustained reduction in iDSA and non-iDSA levels. Bortezomib represents the first effective antihumoral therapy with activity in humans that targets plasma cells. | yes |
19,098,996 | Do proteomic analysis of regenerated rabbit lenses reveal crystallin expression characteristic of adult rabbits? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore lens crystallin characteristics and morphology of rabbit regenerated lenses in comparison with wild type natural lenses by means of proteomic analysis and histological assay.",
"The lens regeneration model of the New Zealand rabbit was established, and lens regeneration was observe... | Proteomic analysis revealed that crystallin expression in regenerated rabbit lenses was analogous to that of natural lenses of adult rabbits but was different from that of very young rabbits (two weeks old), and TEM revealed the presence of morphological changes in the epithelial cells of regenerated lenses. These resu... | yes |
19,098,990 | Do hCV coinfection associated with slower disease progression in HIV-infected former plasma donors naïve to ART? | {
"contexts": [
"It remains controversial how HCV coinfection influences the disease progression during HIV-1 infection. This study aims to define the influence of HCV infection on the replication of HIV-1 and the disease progression in HIV-infected former plasma donors (FPDs) naïve to ART.",
"168 HIV-1-infec... | These data indicated HCV coinfection with HIV-1 is associated with the slower disease progression at the very late stage when comparing with HIV-1 mono-infection. The coinfection of Toxoplasma with HIV and HCV did not exert additional influence on the disease progression. It will be highly interesting to further explor... | yes |
19,109,875 | Does melatonin protect liver from intestine ischemia reperfusion injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the protective effect of melatonin on liver after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.",
"One hundred and fifty male Wistar rats, weighing 190-210 g, aged 7 wk, were randomly divided into melatonin exposure group, alcohol solvent control group and normal saline contr... | Exotic melatonin can inhibit the activity of ALT, AST and TNF-alpha, decrease the accumulation of MDA, and depress the expression of ICAM-1 in liver after intestinal IR injury, thus improving the liver function. | yes |
19,104,166 | Does manual in-line stabilization increase pressures applied by the laryngoscope blade during direct laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation? | {
"contexts": [
"Manual in-line stabilization (MILS) is recommended during direct laryngoscopy and intubation in patients with known or suspected cervical spine instability. Because MILS impairs glottic visualization, the authors hypothesized that anesthesiologists would apply greater pressure during intubations ... | Pressures applied to airway tissues by the laryngoscope blade are secondarily transmitted to the cervical spine and result in cranio-cervical motion. In the presence of cervical instability, impaired glottic visualization and secondary increases in pressure application with MILS have the potential to increase pathologi... | yes |
19,104,168 | Does rigid laryngoscope-assisted insertion of transesophageal echocardiography probe reduce oropharyngeal mucosal injury in anesthetized patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography has become a routine part of monitoring in patients with cardiac disease. However, insertion of a transesophageal echocardiography probe can be associated with oropharyngeal, esophageal, and gastric injuries. The purpose of this study was to determi... | Rigid laryngoscope-assisted insertion of the transesophageal echocardiography probe reduces the incidence of oropharyngeal mucosal injury, odynophagia, and the number of insertion attempts. | yes |
19,117,408 | Do validation for quantification of immunoglobulins by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to develop a robust quantification method for simultaneously analyzing molecules in human plasma using the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) system with a partial least square (PLS) regression.",
"Plasma spectra were analyzed from 4000 to 500 cm(-1) (with 2.0 ... | Together with PLS analysis, FT-IR spectrometry appears to be an easy-to-use and accurate method to determine multianalyte concentrations in dried human plasma. It could be an alternative tool for rapidly quantifying many molecules after developing a specific predictive model. | yes |
19,088,039 | Is cyclooxygenase-2 expression an independent predictor of poor prognosis in colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2; PTGS2) is considered to play an important role in colorectal carcinogenesis and is often up-regulated in colon cancers. However, previous data on the influence of COX-2 expression on patient outcome have been conflicting.",
"Using 662 colon cancers (stage I-IV) in two... | COX-2 overexpression is associated with worse survival among colon cancer patients. The effect of COX-2 on clinical outcome may be modified by p53 status. | yes |
19,099,555 | Does equine Multiple Congenital Ocular Anomalies map to a 4.9 megabase interval on horse chromosome 6? | {
"contexts": [
"Equine Multiple Congenital Ocular Anomalies (MCOA) syndrome consists of a diverse set of abnormalities predominantly localized to the frontal part of the eye. The disease is in agreement with a codominant mode of inheritance in our horse material. Animals presumed to be heterozygous for the mutan... | The MCOA locus can with high confidence be positioned within a 4.9 megabase (Mb) interval on ECA6q. The genotype data on UPP5, PMEL17ex11 and UPP6 strongly support the hypothesis that horses with the Cyst phenotype are heterozygous for the mutant allele and that horses with the MCOA phenotype are homozygous for the mut... | yes |
19,099,558 | Does a multilocus assay reveal high nucleotide diversity and limited differentiation among Scandinavian willow grouse ( Lagopus lagopus )? | {
"contexts": [
"There is so far very little data on autosomal nucleotide diversity in birds, except for data from the domesticated chicken and some passerines species. Estimates of nucleotide diversity reported so far in birds have been high (approximately 10(-3)) and a likely explanation for this is the general... | We found unusually high levels of nucleotide diversity in the Scandinavian willow grouse as well as very little population structure among localities with up to 1647 km distance. There are also low levels of linkage disequilibrium within the genes and the population recombination rate is high, which is indicative of an... | yes |
19,116,766 | Does tyrosine phosphatase beta regulate angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling in human endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The endothelial cell (EC)-selective receptor tyrosine kinase, Tie2, and its ligands angiopoietin Ang-1 and Ang-2, are essential for blood vessel maintenance and repair. Ang-1 is an agonist of Tie2 receptor activation, whereas Ang-2 is a context-dependent antagonist/agonist. Therefore, we investig... | These results reveal a novel role for HPTPbeta in modulating Ang-1-Tie2 signaling and endothelial cell survival. | yes |
19,088,327 | Is serum adiponectin associated with family history of diabetes independently of obesity and insulin resistance in healthy Korean men and women? | {
"contexts": [
"Adiponectin has been reported as a new risk factor for the development of diabetes. However, it is not clear whether adiponectin levels are associated with family history of diabetes (FHD).",
"The objective of this study was to measure the independent association of serum adiponectin with FHD... | These results confirm that adiponectin levels are associated with FHD. These data also suggest that the association of serum adiponectin with FHD may be independent of obesity and insulin resistance. | yes |
19,104,815 | Does ciprofloxacin sensitize hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines to doxorubicin and docetaxel treatment on a schedule-dependent manner? | {
"contexts": [
"Combination therapy has generated a significant interest in the clinical setting since certain agents, with known mechanisms of action and non-overlapping toxicities may increase the therapeutic potential of anticancer drugs by decreasing systemic toxicity and overcoming drug resistance. Doxorubi... | Ciprofloxacin sensitized HRPC cells to doxorubicin or docetaxel-induced growth inhibition and, therefore, may play a role as chemosensitizing agent in prostate cancer treatment. | yes |
19,087,986 | Is human papillomavirus 6 seropositivity associated with risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma , independent of tobacco and alcohol use? | {
"contexts": [
"The risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) associated with common human papillomavirus types has not been well defined.",
"We conducted a case-control study of 1034 individuals (486 incident cases diagnosed with HNSCC and 548 population-based controls matched to cases by age, g... | There may be interactions between positive serology and drinking and smoking, suggesting that the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus in HNSCC involves complex interactions with tobacco and alcohol exposure. | yes |
19,092,466 | Do ten years follow-up after deep sclerectomy with collagen implant? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the long-term success rate and complications of nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy with collagen implant in open-angle glaucoma.",
"Clinical, prospective, monocentric, nonrandomized, unmasked study on 105 patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma. A standard procedure deep sclere... | On the basis of a 10-year follow-up deep sclerectomy with collagen implant demonstrated its efficacy in controlling IOP with few postoperative complications. | yes |
19,108,817 | Are a history of childhood behavioral inhibition and enhanced response monitoring in adolescence linked to clinical anxiety? | {
"contexts": [
"Behaviorally inhibited (BI) children who also exhibit enhanced response monitoring might be at particularly high risk for anxiety disorders. The current study tests the hypothesis that response monitoring, as manifest in the error-related negativity (ERN), moderates the association between BI and... | Physiological measures of response monitoring might moderate associations between early-childhood BI and risk for psychopathology. The subset of children with BI and enhanced response monitoring might face greater risk for later-life clinical anxiety than children with either BI or enhanced response monitoring alone. | yes |
19,117,299 | Do incidence and indications for revision cochlear implant surgery in adults and children? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the incidence of and common causes for cochlear implant revision.",
"Retrospective case series.",
"Operative records were reviewed for all cases of revision cochlear implantation from 1992 to 2006. The causes for reimplantation were classified as hard device failure, soft devi... | Revision cochlear implant surgery is an infrequent occurrence. Its incidence appears to be higher in children than in adults, although in this series does not appear to be due to increased wound complications, infections, or trauma. Explanted implants that have soft failure as the etiology may have demonstrable defects... | yes |
19,116,656 | Does spent culture medium from virulent Borrelia burgdorferi increase permeability of individually perfused microvessels of rat mesentery? | {
"contexts": [
"Lyme disease is a common vector-borne disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), which manifests as systemic and targeted tissue inflammation. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that Bb-induced inflammation is primarily host-mediated, via cytokine or chemokine productio... | A mediator(s) produced by virulent Bb under culture conditions directly activates endothelial cells, resulting in increases in microvessel permeability. Most importantly, the production of this mediator is associated with Bb virulence and is likely produced by one or more of the 8 plasmid(s) missing from strain B31-A. | yes |
19,102,497 | Does [ Aberrant expression of sperm protein 17 enhance migration of ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910 ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effects of aberrant expression of sperm protein 17 (Sp17) on the migration of the ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910.",
"The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-Sp17 containing Sp17 and enhanced green fluorescent protein gene was transfected into the human ovarian cancer cell line HO-8910 ... | The aberrant expression of Sp17 greatly enhances the migration of ovarian cancer cells. | yes |
19,102,499 | Does [ Vector-mediated shRNA inhibit HIF-1alpha expression in prostate cancer cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To construct a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) vector of the hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), determine its inhibitory effect on the expression of the HIF-1alpha gene in PC-3M cells, and investigate its application prospects in the treatment of prostate cancer.",
"We designed and synth... | The shRNA vector was successfully constructed, which can effectively suppress the expression of HIF-1alpha in prostate cancer cells. | yes |
19,092,166 | Is interleukin-18 a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in elderly men with the metabolic syndrome : synergistic effect of inflammation and hyperglycemia? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the role of inflammatory markers as potential predictors of cardiovascular events in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome.",
"This was a post hoc analysis from the Diet and Omega-3 Intervention Trial (DOIT), comprising 563 elderly men with ... | IL-18 was an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in subjects with metabolic syndrome and even more so in the presence of elevated fasting glucose. Our findings suggest a mutually potentiating effect of hyperglycemia and inflammation in cardiovascular risk prediction. | yes |
19,102,358 | Does prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis longer than 24 hours decrease surgical site infection after elective gastric and colorectal surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Prophylactic administration of antibiotics can decrease postoperative morbidity, shorten hospitalization, and reduce overall costs. In Western countries, it is stressed that antimicrobial prophylaxis was discontinued within 24 hrs after surgery in currently published guidelines. However, it is un... | From our findings, SSI rate did not decrease with longer duration of antimicrobial prophylaxis. We concluded that we must recognize that the cause of postoperative wound infection is multimodal, and should not rely on antibiotics to prevent postoperative SSI but that surgeons should reduce the risk for postoperative SS... | no |
19,114,904 | Does interactive video instruction improve the quality of dispatcher-assisted chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation in simulated cardiac arrests? | {
"contexts": [
"Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) significantly improves survival of cardiac arrest victims. Dispatch assistance increases bystander CPR, but the quality of dispatcher-assisted CPR remains unsatisfactory. This study was conducted to assess the effect of adding interactive video commun... | The addition of interactive video communication to dispatcher-assisted chest compression-only CPR initially delayed the commencement of chest compressions, but subsequently improved the depth and rate of compressions. The benefit was achieved mainly through real-time feedback. | yes |
19,116,923 | Does genetic association of the major histocompatibility complex with rheumatoid arthritis implicate two non-DRB1 loci? | {
"contexts": [
"The HLA-DRB1 locus within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) at 6p21.3 has been identified as a susceptibility gene for rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, there is increasing evidence of additional susceptibility genes in the MHC region. The aim of this study was to estimate their number... | These results confirm the polygenic contribution of the MHC to RA and implicate 2 additional non-DRB1 susceptibility loci. The role of the HLA-DQ locus in RA has been a subject of controversy, but in our data, it appears to be spurious. | yes |
19,091,415 | Does constant ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis predict risk of scarring in children in Tanzania? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinically, constant severe trachoma predicts an increased risk of scarring in children. There are no data on the risk of scarring associated with constant infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, regardless of clinical manifestation. We propose to determine the 5-year incidence of scarring in child... | Children with constant infection are also likely to have constant severe trachoma, and their 5-year risk of scarring is high compared with children with sporadic severe trachoma or infection. These data further support the presence of a subgroup of children who cannot clear infection with C. trachomatis, who may manife... | yes |
19,114,363 | Does [ Artesunate suppress human endometrial carcinoma RL95-2 cell proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the inhibitory effect of artesunate on human endometrial carcinoma RL95-2 cell line proliferation in vitro and the possible mechanisms.",
"The inhibitory effect of artesunate on the cell proliferation was assessed with MTT assay. Transmission electron miscrosopy was used to obs... | Artesunate suppressed the proliferation of RL95-2 cells in vitro possibly by inducing cell apoptosis. | yes |
19,116,744 | Do perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic transhiatal inversion esophagectomy compare favorably with those of combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic esophagectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Wide acceptance of laparoscopic esophagectomy has been hampered by the technical difficulty of the procedure and inconsistent improvements in morbidity and mortality. Most case series have utilized a combined thoracoscopic-laparoscopic approach (TLE), but laparoscopic inversion esophagectomy (LIE... | LIE provides safe and effective approach to minimally invasive esophagectomy for patients with early esophageal cancer and high-grade dysplasia. Compared with TLE, inversion esophagectomy requires less operative time and has lower operative blood loss and length of hospital stay. LIE may also result in fewer perioperat... | yes |
19,108,776 | Does a tip-localized RhoGAP control cell polarity by globally inhibiting Rho GTPase at the cell apex? | {
"contexts": [
"Highly elongated eukaryotic cells (e.g., neuronal axons, fungal hyphae, and pollen tubes) are generated through continuous apically restricted growth (tip growth), which universally requires tip-localized Rho GTPases. We used the oscillating pollen tube as a model system to determine the function... | Our findings suggest that the REN1 RhoGAP controls a negative-feedback-based global inhibition of ROP1. This function provides a critical self-organizing mechanism, by which ROP signaling is spatially limited to the growth site and temporally oscillates during continuous tip growth. Similar spatiotemporal control of Rh... | yes |
19,102,977 | Do [ Improving myocardial mechanics parameters of severe burn rabbits with oral fluid resuscitation ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the protective effect of oral fluid resuscitation on cardiac function in severe burn rabbits.",
"One hundred and fifty rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group, n = 6, without treatment), burn group (B group, n = 42, without fluid therapy), immediate or... | Effective oral fluid therapy in severe burn rabbits during 24 hours after burn can ameliorate myocardial mechanics parameters. The amount of fluid resuscitation can be estimated according to relevant formula for delayed fluid resuscitation in burn rabbits. | yes |
19,102,978 | Do [ The effect of stimulation of toss simulated at sea on shock in severe burn rabbits ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of stimulation of toss simulated at sea on shock in severe burn rabbits.",
"One hundred and thirty-two rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group (NC group, n = 6), toss group (T group, with treatment of continuous toss, n = 42), burn group (B group, wit... | The toss simulated at sea can significantly aggravate shock and the renal damages in severe burn rabbits. | yes |
19,117,347 | Does high serum des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin level predict poor prognosis after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Currently, surgical resection is considered the first-line treatment for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been an alternative choice for unresectable HCC. However, RFA is expected to have similar therapeutic efficacy for early stage HCC with fewer inva... | High DCP levels reflect the biologic aggressiveness and progression of HCC tumors. In the aforementioned cases, we recommend surgical resection rather than RFA for such patients. | yes |
19,115,003 | Does sERPINA3K prevent oxidative stress induced necrotic cell death by inhibiting calcium overload? | {
"contexts": [
"SERPINA3K, an extracellular serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin), has been shown to have decreased levels in the retinas of diabetic rats, which may contribute to diabetic retinopathy. The function of SERPINA3K in the retina has not been investigated.",
"The present study identified a novel f... | These results for the first time demonstrate that SERPINA3K is an endogenous serpin which protects cells from oxidative stress-induced cells death, and its protective effect is via blocking the calcium overload through the PLC pathway. The decreased retinal levels of SERPINA3K may represent a new pathogenic mechanism f... | yes |
19,115,000 | Does use of integrated malaria management reduce malaria in Kenya? | {
"contexts": [
"During an entomological survey in preparation for malaria control interventions in Mwea division, the number of malaria cases at the Kimbimbi sub-district hospital was in a steady decline. The underlying factors for this reduction were unknown and needed to be identified before any malaria interv... | The usage of a combination of malaria control tools in an integrated fashion by residents of Mwea division might have influenced the decreased malaria cases in the district hospital and in the school children. A vigorous campaign emphasizing IMM should be adopted and expanded in Mwea division and in other areas with di... | yes |
19,115,008 | Is sDF1 gene variation associated with circulating SDF1alpha level and endothelial progenitor cell number : the Bruneck Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) play a critical role in progenitor cell homing, mobilization and differentiation. It would be interesting to assess the predictive value of SDF-1alpha level for EPC number, and to ascertain whether there is a r... | Our data indicate that a SDF1 gene variation (rs2297630) has an influence on SDF1alpha level and circulating EPC number, and that plasma SDF1alpha level is a predictor of EPC number. | yes |
19,101,694 | Does dry lab practice lead to improved laparoscopic performance in the operating room? | {
"contexts": [
"Research has demonstrated that practice in surgical simulators leads to improved performance in that simulator. Our hypothesis is that skills acquired in simulators are transferable to the operating room.",
"Twenty-three laparoscopically naïve surgical interns performed two standardized tasks... | Practice in a simulator leads to improved performance in that simulator and in a live operative model. We believe that this is evidence that laparoscopic skills developed in a dry laboratory setting are transferable to the operating room. | yes |
19,107,502 | Does peeling of internal limiting membrane during vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachment prevent epimacular membrane formation? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the clinical benefit of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling at the macula for the prevention of epimacular membrane formation following vitreous surgery using silicone oil for the treatment of complicated retinal detachment.",
"This was a non-randomized, retrospective, int... | ILM peeling at the macula during vitreous surgery with silicone oil for the treatment of complicated retinal detachment may prevent epimacular membrane formation without negatively affecting distant visual acuity. | yes |
19,087,148 | Is the NOS3 G894T ( Glu298Asp ) polymorphism a risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS)1 C276T polymorphism was shown to increase the risk for frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). In the brain, both NOS1 and NOS3 (endothelial isoform) have been detected. The distribution of NOS3 G894T (Glu298Asp) and T-786C single nucleotide polymorphisms (S... | The NOS3 G894T polymorphism likely acts as risk factor for sporadic FTLD, but studies in larger populations are needed to confirm these preliminary findings. | yes |
19,087,149 | Does methylprednisolone restore biological response in multiple sclerosis patients with neutralizing antibodies against interferon-β? | {
"contexts": [
"Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) appearing during treatment with Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) reduce or abolish bioactivity and therapeutic efficacy. Initial combination therapy with methylprednisolone (MP) may reduce the frequency of NAb positive patients. We hypothesized that MP treatment might als... | Monthly pulsed MP treatment in NAb positive patients has no beneficial effect on NAb status or IFN-beta bioactivity. | no |
19,109,962 | Does infliximab prevent Crohn 's disease recurrence after ileal resection? | {
"contexts": [
"Crohn's disease commonly recurs after intestinal resection. We evaluated whether the administration of infliximab after resective intestinal surgery for Crohn's disease reduces postoperative recurrence.",
"We randomly assigned 24 patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone ileocolonic res... | Administration of infliximab after intestinal resective surgery was effective at preventing endoscopic and histologic recurrence of Crohn's disease. | yes |
19,096,969 | Is skull fracture , with or without clinical signs , in mTBI an independent risk marker for neurosurgically relevant intracranial lesion : a cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the possibility of identifying skull fracture, with or without clinical signs, as a predictor of positive CT scans in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).",
"Prospective cohort study, matched 1:1 for five potential confounding variables (age, sex, symptoms, mechanism of injury and e... | Skull fracture, with or without clinical signs, in mTBI patients is associated with an increased risk of neurosurgically-relevant intracranial lesion. | yes |
19,089,959 | Do catheter closure of atrial septal defects with deficient inferior vena cava rim under transesophageal echo guidance? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the case selection, imaging considerations, technique, and results of catheter closure of atrial septal defects (ASD) with deficient inferior vena cava (IVC) rim.",
"Transcatheter closure with Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) has become standard treatment for most secundum ASDs. De... | Transcatheter closure of ASDs with deficient IVC rim is feasible under TEE guidance. The modified retroflexed view allows adequate imaging of IVC rim through TEE. | yes |
19,087,354 | Is down-regulation of GRP78 associated with the sensitivity of chemotherapy to VP-16 in small cell lung cancer NCI-H446 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Chemotherapy resistance remains a major obstacle for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), an endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, plays a critical role in chemotherapy resistance in some cancers. However, whether the suppression of the chaperone can en... | BAPTA-AM is a strong inhibitor of GRP78 in the NCI-H446 cell line, the down-regulation of GRP78 can significantly increase the sensitivity to VP-16. The suppression of GRP78 may offer a new surrogated therapeutic approach to the clinical management of lung cancer. | yes |
19,097,032 | Are pLAC4 and beta-HCG mRNA levels altered in the maternal circulation of pregnancies with trisomy 21? | {
"contexts": [
"Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A) are placentally produced proteins whose levels are altered in pregnancies with trisomy 21. PLAC4 is located on chromosome 21 and its expression is restricted to the placenta. Here we investigated whether the ... | Maternal blood levels of beta-HCG-, PLAC4- and PAPP-A mRNAs are not useful markers for the screening of pregnancies with trisomy 21 as their concentrations are either not significantly altered (beta-HCG and PLAC4) or too low to be detected (PAPP-A). | no |
19,106,391 | Are elevated heat shock protein 60 levels associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese? | {
"contexts": [
"Although heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60) is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, its role in coronary heart disease (CHD) is uncertain. This study explored the influence of circulating Hsp60 on CHD in a large case-control study, as well as the impact of acute myocardial infarction on ... | Elevated Hsp60 levels are associated with an increased risk for CHD, and Hsp60 and anti-Hsp60 antibody levels combine to increase this risk. In addition, acute myocardial infarction induces Hsp60 release. | yes |
19,107,992 | Are multiple sodium channel isoforms and mitogen-activated protein kinases present in painful human neuromas? | {
"contexts": [
"Although axons within neuromas have been shown to produce inappropriate spontaneous ectopic discharges, the molecular basis for pain in patients with neuromas is still not fully understood. Because sodium channels are known to play critical roles in neuronal electrogenesis and hyperexcitability, ... | These results demonstrate that multiple sodium channel isoforms (Nav1.3, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8), as well as activated p38 and ERK1/2 MAP kinases, are expressed in painful human neuromas, indicating that these molecules merit study as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of pain associated with traumatic neuromas... | yes |
19,107,993 | Is the brain in the age of old : the hippocampal formation targeted differentially by diseases of late life? | {
"contexts": [
"To rely on the anatomical organization of the hippocampal formation in understanding whether and how late-life diseases such as diabetes and stroke contribute to age-related cognitive decline.",
"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to document brain infarcts and to generate high-resolut... | Taken together with previous findings, these results clarify how diseases of late life differentially target the hippocampal formation, identify elevations in blood glucose as a contributing cause of age-related memory decline, and suggest specific interventions that can preserve cognitive health. | yes |
19,107,991 | Is fast activity at seizure onset mediated by inhibitory circuits in the entorhinal cortex in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Network mechanisms responsible for focal seizure initiation are still largely unknown. One of the prevalent seizure patterns observed during diagnostic intracranial recordings performed in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is characterized by fast activity at 20 to 30 Hz. We reproduced ... | We conclude that in an acute model of temporal lobe ictogenesis, sustained inhibition without firing of EC principal neurons correlates with the onset of a focal seizure. The progression of the ictal discharge is contributed by a potassium-dependent change in reversal potential of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials. Th... | yes |
19,112,191 | Are common NOD2 mutations absent in patients with Crohn 's disease in India? | {
"contexts": [
"Crohn's disease is being increasingly diagnosed in the Indian subcontinent. Three apparently common mutations in the NOD2 gene are found in up to 30% of sporadic patients with Crohn's disease in western countries. We examined whether such mutations are also found in Indian patients with Crohn's d... | The three NOD2 gene mutations described above are uncommon in Indian patients with Crohn's disease. This study complements information provided by recent studies on NOD2 mutations in Indians. | yes |
19,091,014 | Do flanking signal and mature peptide residues influence signal peptide cleavage? | {
"contexts": [
"Signal peptides (SPs) mediate the targeting of secretory precursor proteins to the correct subcellular compartments in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Identifying these transient peptides is crucial to the medical, food and beverage and biotechnology industries yet our understanding of these peptides... | We conclude that the peptide segment recognized by SPase I extends to the start of the mature protein to a limited extent, upon our survey of the amino acid residues surrounding the cleavage processing site. These flanking residues possibly influence the cleavage processing and contribute to non-canonical cleavage site... | yes |
19,105,869 | Are community-specific modifications essential for objective assessment of maternal dietary intake -- Pune Maternal Nutrition Study? | {
"contexts": [
"To introduce community-specific modifications in the conventional 24 h recall method for objectively estimating maternal dietary intake and validate it with a reference method.",
"A modified 24 h recall method was developed with the visit of trained local girls at the subject's home to weigh ... | Simple modifications to conventional methods backed by understanding of community specifics and nutritional peculiarities are of immense importance in obtaining objective estimates of daily nutritional intakes of individuals in free-living populations. The approach would be adaptable in similar settings in other develo... | yes |
19,088,023 | Does miR-192 regulate dihydrofolate reductase and cellular proliferation through the p53-microRNA circuit? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-192 in colon cancer.",
"Human colon cancer cell lines with different p53 status were used as our model system to study the effect of miR-192 on cell proliferation, cell cycle control, and mechanism of regulation.",
... | These results indicate that miR-192 may be another miRNA candidate that is involved in the p53 tumor suppressor network with significant effect on cell cycle control and cell proliferation. | yes |
19,092,998 | Do polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the Cyclophilin A gene influence the susceptibility for HIV-1 infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have demonstrated an association between polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of Cyclophilin A (CypA) and susceptibility to both HIV-1 infection and disease progression. Here we studied whether these polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and disea... | The results obtained in this study suggest that the A1650G polymorphism in the regulatory region of the CypA gene may be associated with protection from HIV-1 infection, while the 1604G allele may have a weak association with the clinical course of infection in DU. | yes |
19,116,755 | Does inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA enhance the effect of 5-FU-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"5-fluorouracil-(5-FU)-based adjuvant chemotherapy is widely used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, 5-FU resistance in the course of treatment has become more common. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies and/or new adjuvant drugs still need to be explored.",
"Two colon-cancer-d... | Our results suggest that 5-FU-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells can be enhanced by the inhibitor of autophagy, 3-MA. Autophagy might play a role as a self-defense mechanism in 5-FU-treated colon cancer cells, and its inhibition could be a promising strategy for the adjuvant chemotherapy of colon cancer. | yes |
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