pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
19,114,006 | Are sR proteins and the nonsense-mediated decay mechanism involved in human GLB1 gene alternative splicing? | {
"contexts": [
"The human GLB1 gene is known to give rise to two alternatively spliced mRNAs, which encode two different proteins: lysosomal beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) and elastin-binding protein (EBP). The beta-gal transcript includes the 16 exons of the GLB1 gene. In the EBP transcript, exons 3, 4 and 6 are... | In the processing of the GLB1 RNA several transcripts are generated, but only those with a correct reading frame are not degraded. The differential inclusion/exclusion of exons could be partially explained by the relatively weak splice sites in the exons involved. Different SR proteins have an effect on the process of ... | yes |
19,092,106 | Does memantine induce reversible neurologic impairment in patients with MS? | {
"contexts": [
"Cognitive dysfunction is very common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and it severely impairs patients' quality of life. Thus, we explored whether memantine might improve cognitive performance in patients with MS.",
"We conducted a pilot trial with memantine (30 mg/day) in patients with MS with cog... | Memantine at a dose of 30 mg/day may induce transient worsening of neurologic symptoms of multiple sclerosis. | yes |
19,107,772 | Are human neutrophil peptides 1-3 useful biomarkers in patients with active ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"A specific useful biomarker for diagnosing ulcerative colitis (UC) has not yet been described. This study employed proteomics to identify serum protein biomarkers for UC.",
"Ninety-four blood samples were isolated from patients and controls (including 48 UC, 22 Crohn's disease [CD], 5 colorec... | HNP 1-3 is a novel biomarker that may be useful for diagnosing patients with active UC and predicting treatment outcomes. | yes |
19,112,334 | Does transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells into intervertebral discs in a xenogeneic porcine model? | {
"contexts": [
"Experimental and descriptive study of a xenotransplantation model in minipigs.",
"To study survival and function of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) after transplantation into injured porcine spinal discs, as a model for cell therapy.",
"Biologic treatment options of the intervertebra... | hMSCs survive in the porcine disc for at least 6 months and express typical chondrocyte markers suggesting differentiation toward disc-like cells. As in autologous animal models the combination with a three-dimensional-hydrogel carrier seems to facilitate differentiation and survival of MSCs in the disc. Xenotransplant... | yes |
19,099,592 | Do methylation-sensitive linking libraries enhance gene-enriched sequencing of complex genomes and map DNA methylation domains? | {
"contexts": [
"Many plant genomes are resistant to whole-genome assembly due to an abundance of repetitive sequence, leading to the development of gene-rich sequencing techniques. Two such techniques are hypomethylated partial restriction (HMPR) and methylation spanning linker libraries (MSLL). These libraries ... | MSLL technology provides an unparalleled approach for mapping the epigenetic status of repetitive blocks and for identifying sequences mis-identified as genes. Although the types and natures of epigenetic boundaries are barely understood at this time, MSLL technology flags both approximate boundaries and methylated gen... | yes |
19,109,538 | Is the metabolic syndrome associated with a higher resistance to intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke in women than in men? | {
"contexts": [
"The metabolic syndrome (MetS) might confer a higher resistance to intravenous thrombolysis in acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemic stroke. MetS increases the risk of stroke in women to a greater extent than in men. We aimed to investigate whether there might be sex differences in the impac... | The effect of MetS on the resistance to intravenous thrombolysis for acute MCA ischemic stroke appears to be more pronounced in women than in men. | yes |
19,085,696 | Is ketone body utilization regulated by male-specific factors in rat subcutaneous adipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase (AACS) is the enzyme responsible for the utilization of ketone bodies for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids and the gene is highly expressed only in the male subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT).",
"This study is to elucidate how AACS is involved in se... | Our results suggest that AACS plays male-specific metabolic roles in the regulation of ketone body-utilization for lipogenesis and that sex-specific ketone body-utilization is restricted in subcutaneous WAT. | yes |
19,100,523 | Does quantitative monitoring of NPM1 mutations provide a valid minimal residual disease parameter following allogeneic stem cell transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Minimal residual disease (MRD) diagnostics in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) gain increasing importance after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutations, with their high frequency in AML, were suggested to represent suitable MRD markers, but so far no study has evalu... | Quantitative assessment of NPM1Amut seems to provide a reliable MRD marker in the posttransplantation period, predicting relapse earlier than morphology or molecular chimerism, which should be confirmed in larger studies. | yes |
19,100,521 | Does tel/PDGFRbeta induce stem cell differentiation via the Ras/ERK and STAT5 signaling pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Fusion genes involving the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFRbeta) are found in a subgroup of myeloproliferative neoplasms, with one such fusion, Tel/PDGFRbeta found in a subset of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia patients. Tel/PDGFRbeta results in constitutive activation of sever... | These findings suggest that targeted disruption of key signaling pathways in combination with the tyrosine kinase activity of leukemic oncogenes, such as Tel/PDGFRbeta, may result in more efficacious therapies for suppressing leukemic progression in the clinical setting. | yes |
19,088,169 | Does neo/adjuvant chemotherapy improve outcome in resected primary synovial sarcoma : a study of the French Sarcoma Group? | {
"contexts": [
"There are only scarce data about the benefit of adjunctive chemotherapy in patients with localized synovial sarcoma (SS).",
"Data from 237 SS patients recorded in the database of the French Sarcoma Group were retrospectively analyzed. The respective impact of radiotherapy, neo-adjuvant chemot... | As for other high-grade soft-tissue sarcomas, well-planned wide surgical excision with adjuvant radiotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for SS. Neo-adjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy should not be delivered outside a clinical trial setting. | no |
19,088,168 | Does dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV inhibition augment postprandial lipid mobilization and oxidation in type 2 diabetic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Dipeptidyl-peptidase-IV (DPP-4) inhibition increases endogenous GLP-1 activity, resulting in improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The metabolic response may be explained in part by extrapancreatic mechanisms.",
"We tested the hypothesis that DPP-4 inhibition wi... | Our study is the first to suggest that DPP-4 inhibition augments postprandial lipid mobilization and oxidation. The response may be explained by sympathetic activation rather than a direct effect on metabolic status. | yes |
19,088,164 | Does ten years of growth hormone ( GH ) replacement normalize muscle strength in GH-deficient adults? | {
"contexts": [
"GH replacement for 1-5 yr improves, but does not fully normalize, muscle strength. OBJECTIVE, DESIGN, AND PATIENTS: In this single-center, open-labeled, prospective study, the effects of 10 yr of GH replacement on muscle strength and neuromuscular function were followed in 109 consecutive adults ... | Ten years of GH replacement therapy increased muscle strength during the first half of the study and thereafter partly protected against the normal age-related decline in muscle strength and neuromuscular function, resulting in approximately normalized muscle strength after 10 yr. | yes |
19,088,161 | Is a common deletion in the uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase ( UGT ) 2B17 gene a strong determinant of androgen excretion in healthy pubertal boys? | {
"contexts": [
"Testosterone (T) is excreted in urine as water-soluble glucuronidated and sulfated conjugates. The ability to glucuronidate T and other steroids depends on a number of different glucuronidases (UGT) of which UGT2B17 is essential. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of UGT2B17 genot... | In pubertal boys, a common homozygous deletion in the UGT2B17 gene strongly affected urinary excretion pattern of androgen metabolites but did not influence circulating androgen levels. | yes |
19,099,309 | Do surgeon 's expectations predict the outcome of a total knee arthroplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"It is fascinating for both the patient and the surgeon to predict the outcome of a TKA at an early stage. Satisfaction after TKA is primarily determined by the preoperative expectations of the patient. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the peri-operative expectations of the surgeon ... | The outcome of a TKA depends on multiple factors. Both the surgeon's preoperative assessment of the difficulty and the surgeon's immediate postoperative satisfaction do not independently predict the outcome of a TKA. | no |
19,102,715 | Are measurements of EGFR expression on circulating tumor cells reproducible over time in metastatic breast cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies of EGFR expression in breast cancer have shown inconsistent results due in part to a large range of methods used. Anti-EGFR therapy trials have often not used patient selection because of this. We describe the use of the CellSearch system (Veridex LLC, NJ, USA) to enumerate and measure EG... | Measurement of EGFR on the surface of CTCs, derived from individuals with metastatic breast cancer patients is possible using the CellSearch system and showed consistent positivity over time. The use of this system will now be validated in a prospective study aiming to identify patients for anti-EGFR therapy based on t... | yes |
19,117,259 | Do socio-demographic factors influence contraception use among female students of the University of Novi Sad ( Serbia )? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify some of the socio-demographic factors that influence the use of contraception among female university students and to gain a deeper insight into their contraceptive behaviour.",
"The study encompassed 597 randomly chosen, sexually active, second- and third-year female students of ... | The identified socio-demographic factors that influence the contraceptive behaviour of female students should allow to devise appropriate strategies for the promotion of the use of contraception by this young population. | yes |
19,111,334 | Does alternative photoinitiator system reduce the rate of stress development without compromising the final properties of the dental composite? | {
"contexts": [
"Stress development during the polymerization process continues to be a major factor that limits predictability and longevity of resin composite restorations. This study evaluated the effect of the photoinitiator type on the maximum rate of polymerization (R(p)(max)), stress development (final str... | CQ/PPD reduced the R(p)(max) and R(stress)(max) without a reduction in DC and CLD. Therefore, the use of alternative photoinitiator systems could be a promising way to reduce the stress developed during the composite's polymerization without affecting the final properties. | yes |
19,102,376 | Does dense packing of portal lymphocytes predict favorable treatment outcome in hepatitis C? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify pre-therapeutic predictors of sustained virological response (SVR) in Taiwanese patients with chronic hepatitis C.",
"One hundred and ninety-eight consecutive patients receiving interferon plus ribavirin combination therapy were included. Stepwise logistic regression model was per... | Dense packing of inflammatory cells in portal tract is an independent predictor of SVR to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. | yes |
19,094,243 | Does polymorphism +17 C/G in matrix metalloprotease MMP8 decrease lung cancer risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) constitute a family of enzymes capable of degrading different components of the extracellular matrix and are implicated in the invasion of tumor cells through the basement membrane. Polymorphisms in MMP genes may result in changes in the expression of MMPs being ass... | This study suggests that the polymorphism in MMP8 is associated with a decreased lung cancer risk, which can be used as a prognostic marker in lung cancer. | yes |
19,094,242 | Does cLOCK expression identify developing circadian oscillator neurons in the brains of Drosophila embryos? | {
"contexts": [
"The Drosophila circadian oscillator is composed of transcriptional feedback loops in which CLOCK-CYCLE (CLK-CYC) heterodimers activate their feedback regulators period (per) and timeless (tim) via E-box mediated transcription. These feedback loop oscillators are present in distinct clusters of do... | These data demonstrate that brain oscillator neurons begin development during embryogenesis, that PER expression in non-oscillator cells is CLK-independent, and that oscillator phase is an intrinsic characteristic of brain oscillator neurons. These results define the temporal and spatial coordinates of factors that ini... | yes |
19,109,693 | Does serum of patients with septic shock stimulate the expression of Trem-1 on U937 monocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the concentrations of sTREM-1 in patients with sepsis and to explore the effects of their serum on the expression of TREM-1 on U937 monocytes.",
"Blood was sampled at regular time intervals in 56 patients with sepsis. Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), inte... | Levels of sTREM-1 correlated with sepsis severity. sTREM-1 is considerably higher in patients with shock compared to patients without shock. The serum of shocked patients could stimulate the expression of TREM-1 on U937 monocytes. | yes |
19,102,782 | Does microarray-based approach identify microRNAs and their target functional patterns in polycystic kidney disease? | {
"contexts": [
"MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play key roles in mammalian gene expression and several cellular processes, including differentiation, development, apoptosis and cancer pathomechanisms. Recently the biological importance of primary cilia has been recognized in a number of human genetic diseases. Numerous diso... | We find that the functional patterns of predicted miRNA targets and differentially expressed mRNAs are similar. Our results suggest an important role of miRNAs in specific pathways underlying PKD. | yes |
19,108,822 | Is true ovarian volume underestimated by two-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound measurement? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate a possible difference between true ovarian volume and ovarian volume estimated with two-dimensional (2D) transvaginal ultrasound.",
"Prospective clinical and laboratory study.",
"University hospital research laboratory.",
"Premenopausal girls and women from three Danish... | Ovarian volume was severely underestimated by transvaginal 2D ultrasound measurement. | yes |
19,101,528 | Is ornithine carbamyltransferase a sensitive marker for alcohol-induced liver injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Although mitochondrion-derived markers such as ornithine carbamyltransferase (OCT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) have been reported to be good markers for alcohol-induced hepatic injury, their use has been limited due to the notion that mitochondrial markers are less sensitive than cytosol-d... | Mitochondrion-derived markers, especially OCT, appeared superior to cytosol-derived markers in the detection of alcohol-induced liver injury. | yes |
19,104,695 | Does swiss tertiary care center experience challenge the age-cohort effect in Helicobacter pylori infection? | {
"contexts": [
"The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori infection reflects the age-characteristics, developmental status and access to health care of the population in a given area.",
"To assess the influence of demographic variables on the prevalence of H. pylori status among patients evaluated in a Swiss u... | Epidemiologic characteristics of H. pylori infection in Western countries are influenced by changing demographics. Further studies are warranted to investigate reasons for the changing trends in the prevalence of H. pylori infection. | yes |
19,086,264 | Does the atypical zeta ( zeta ) isoform of protein kinase C regulate CD11b/CD18 activation in human neutrophils? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to examine the role of protein kinase C zeta (PKCzeta) in interleukin (IL)-8-mediated activation of Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) in human neutrophils.",
"Neutrophils were stimulated with IL-8 in the presence or absence of pharmacologic inhibitors of PKC or a myristoylate... | These data suggest that PKCzeta is a negative regulator of Mac-1 affinity and a positive regulator of Mac-1 avidity. Further, Mac-1 avidity is more important than increased affinity alone in regulating neutrophil firm adhesion. | yes |
19,091,236 | Is [ Diaphragmatic response influenced by previous muscle activity ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous muscle activity can alter muscle contractility and lead to strength underestimation or overestimation in functional measurements. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the maximum pressure produced by the diaphragm after different series of spontaneous near-to-maximal is... | Previous effort affects the contractile capacity of the diaphragm and it is difficult to predict the predominance of fatigue or potentiation in the response. This factor must be taken into account when determining the maximum respiratory pressures in daily clinical practice. | yes |
19,091,234 | Is [ Anti-factor Xa activity of enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis in nonsurgical patients dependent on body mass ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Thromboprophylaxis with a fixed dose of low-molecular-weight heparin is recommended for hospitalized acutely ill medical patients. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) activity of enoxaparin prescribed for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis depends on body ... | Anti-Xa activity is dependent on BMI in hospitalized acute medical patients receiving enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis. | yes |
19,116,935 | Does cTLA-4 ( CD152 ) control homeostasis and suppressive capacity of regulatory T cells in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (known as Treg cells) suppress unwanted and autoreactive T cell responses. Treg cells express the costimulatory molecule CTLA-4 intracellularly, but the mechanisms by which Treg cells exploit CTLA-4 signaling remain unclear. The present study was undertaken to investi... | Expression of CTLA-4 on Treg cells serves to control T cell proliferation, to confer resistance against AICD, and to maintain the suppressive function of Treg cells. | yes |
19,100,422 | Is alendronate effective to treat bone loss in renal transplantation recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"Bone loss is a common complication among renal transplant patients. Some studies have shown that alendronate may be effective to treat bone loss in these patients. In this study, we have reported our experience with administration of alendronate to treat bone loss in renal transplanted patients."... | At least in the short term, alendronate is a effective inhibitor for the treatment of bone loss in renal transplantation patients. | yes |
19,086,074 | Is pathology alleviated by doxycycline in a laminin-alpha2-null model of congenital muscular dystrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"Congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A is an autosomal recessive disease that is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the laminin-alpha2 gene, and results in motor nerve and skeletal muscle dysfunction. In a previous study, we used genetic modifications to show that inappropriate induction of a... | Doxycycline or other drugs with similar functional profiles may be a possible route to improving neuromuscular dysfunction caused by laminin-alpha2-deficiency. | yes |
19,114,210 | Does a Rho-kinase inhibitor improve cardiac function after 24-hour heart preservation? | {
"contexts": [
"The Rho-kinase signaling pathway is associated with coronary vasculopathy and myocardial dysfunction after cardiac transplantation. This study evaluated whether using a Rho-kinase inhibitor during allograft storage could limit early endothelial dysfunction and improve myocardial performance after... | Treatment with Rho-kinase inhibitor during allograft harvest and storage enhanced coronary blood flow and ventricular recovery through nitric oxide-dependent endothelial protection after reperfusion. Rho-kinase inhibitor could help prevent early myocardial dysfunction after transplantation. | yes |
19,103,988 | Are disparity in outcomes of surgical revascularization for limb salvage : race and gender synergistic determinants of vein graft failure and limb loss? | {
"contexts": [
"Vein bypass surgery is an effective therapy for atherosclerotic occlusive disease in the coronary and peripheral circulations; however, long-term results are limited by progressive attrition of graft patency. Failure of vein bypass grafts in patients with critical limb ischemia results in morbidi... | Black race and female gender are risk factors for adverse outcomes after vein bypass surgery for limb salvage. Graft failure and limb loss are more common events in black patients, with black women being a particularly high-risk group. These data suggest the possibility of an altered biological response to vein graftin... | yes |
19,103,981 | Do dexamethasone and GLP-2 given to lactating rat dams influence glucose uptake in suckling and postweanling offspring? | {
"contexts": [
"Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) enhances intestinal absorption in adult animals. Glucocorticosteroids accelerate the ontogeny of the intestine and increase sugar uptake in adult animals. Modifying the maternal diet during lactation alters nutrient uptake in the offspring. The authors hypothesized... | Treating lactating rat dams with GLP-2 or dexamethasone enhances glucose uptake in sucklings, but the late effect is a reduction in glucose and fructose absorption in postweanlings. The nutritional significance of these findings remains to be established. | yes |
19,087,265 | Does patterning of palatal rugae through sequential addition reveal an anterior/posterior boundary in palatal development? | {
"contexts": [
"The development of the secondary palate has been a main topic in craniofacial research, as its failure results in cleft palate, one of the most common birth defects in human. Nevertheless, palatal rugae (or rugae palatinae), which are transversal ridges developing on the secondary palate, receive... | We showed that palatal rugae are sequentially added to the growing palate, in an interposition process that appears to be dependent on activation-inhibition mechanisms and reveals a new developmental boundary in the growing palate. Further studies on rugae may help to shed light on both the development and evolution of... | yes |
19,087,264 | Is rBM19 essential for preimplantation development in the mouse? | {
"contexts": [
"RNA-binding motif protein 19 (RBM19, NCBI Accession # NP_083038) is a conserved nucleolar protein containing 6 conserved RNA recognition motifs. Its biochemical function is to process rRNA for ribosome biogenesis, and it has been shown to play a role in digestive organ development in zebrafish. H... | The data indicate that RBM19 is essential for preimplantation development, highlighting the importance of de novo nucleologenesis during this critical developmental stage. | yes |
19,105,813 | Do comparative kinomics of human and chimpanzee reveal unique kinship and functional diversity generated by new domain combinations? | {
"contexts": [
"Phosphorylation by protein kinases is a common event in many cellular processes. Further, many kinases perform specialized roles and are regulated by non-kinase domains tethered to kinase domain. Perturbation in the regulation of kinases leads to malignancy. We have identified and analysed putati... | Though the chimpanzee and human are evolutionary very close, there are chimpanzee kinases with no close counterpart in the human suggesting differences in their functions. This analysis provides a direction for experimental analysis of human and chimpanzee protein kinases in order to enhance our understanding on their ... | yes |
19,089,435 | Does cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 promoter -658CT gene polymorphism is associate with ulcerative colitis in Chinese patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) plays a role in the downregulation of T cell activation. The present study aimed to examine an association between the CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the Han Chinese in central China.",
"One hundred seventeen patients with UC... | The T allele of CTLA-4 -658 polymorphism in the promoter of CTLA-4 gene was highly associated with UC in the Han Chinese in central China. | yes |
19,110,997 | Does a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor prevent inflammation-related squamous cell carcinogenesis of the forestomach via duodenogastric reflux in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Duodenal reflux causes inflammation-related squamous cell carcinogenesis in the forestomach of rats without any carcinogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, in preventing this carcinogenesis.",
"A series of 188 ... | Meloxicam was effective in preventing reflux-induced squamous cell carcinogenesis via an inflamed squamous epithelium. | yes |
19,098,320 | Does poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase inhibition counteract cataract formation and early retinal changes in streptozotocin-diabetic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"This study evaluated the role for poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in diabetes-induced cataractogenesis and early retinal changes.",
"Control and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats were treated with or without the PARP inhibitors 1,5-isoquinolinediol (ISO; 3 mg kg(-1) d(-1) intraperitoneall... | PARP activation is implicated in the formation of diabetic cataract and in early retinal changes. These findings provide a rationale for the development of PARP inhibitors for the prevention of diabetic ocular complications. | yes |
19,091,121 | Is desmoglein 2 a substrate of kallikrein 7 in pancreatic cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"In a previous report we have demonstrated that the chymotryptic-like serine protease kallikrein 7 (KLK7/hK7) is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. In normal skin, hK7 is thought to participate in skin desquamation by contributing in the degradation of desmosomal components, such as desmogleins. ... | A reduction in the amount of the cell adhesion components Dsg1 and Dsg2 in pancreatic tumors suggests that loss of these desmosomal proteins may play a role in pancreatic cancer invasion. Using in vitro degradation assays, both Dsg1 and Dsg2 could be readily proteolyzed by hK7, which is overexpressed in pancreatic aden... | yes |
19,096,194 | Is preoperative left atrial emptying fraction a powerful predictor of successful maze procedure? | {
"contexts": [
"The maze procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) is a widely used adjunctive therapy. It is necessary to define the precise indications for the procedure based on preoperative factors, but definitive parameters in terms of atrial function have not been well determined.",
"In t... | LA emptying fraction should be considered in the precise indications of the maze procedure as adjunctive therapy. | yes |
19,087,313 | Are polymorphisms in the interleukin-10 gene cluster possibly involved in the increased risk for major depressive disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Innate immune inflammatory response is suggested to have a role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Interleukin (IL)-10 family cytokines IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, and IL-24 are all implicated in the inflammatory processes and polymorphisms in respective genes have been associated w... | Our study established increased risk for MDD related to the IL20 and IL24 haplotype and suggests that cytokines may contribute to the pathogenesis of MDD. Since none of the block 2 SNPs were individually associated with MDD, it is possible that other polymorphisms linked to them contribute to the disease susceptibility... | yes |
19,112,407 | Does exogenous galanin regulate capsaicin-evoked substance P release from primary cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of exogenous galanin on capsaicin-evoked substance P (SP) release from primary cultured embryonic rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.",
"DRG was dissected out from embryonic 15-day-old Wistar rat and cultured as dissociated cells for 2 days then exposed to galanin ... | Exogenous galanin may promote capsaicin-evoked SP release from primary cultured DRG neurons. The elevation of the levels of VR1 mRNA and VR1 protein induced by exogenous galanin implicated that VR1 may be involved in the mechanisms of SP release evoked by capsaicin. | yes |
19,112,401 | Is normalization of leaky gut in chronic fatigue syndrome ( CFS ) accompanied by a clinical improvement : effects of age , duration of illness and the translocation of LPS from gram-negative bacteria? | {
"contexts": [
"There is now evidence that an increased translocation of LPS from gram negative bacteria with subsequent gut-derived inflammation, i.e. induction of systemic inflammation and oxidative & nitrosative stress (IO&NS), is a new pathway in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).",
"The present study exami... | The results show that normalization of the IgA and IgM responses to translocated LPS may predict clinical outcome in CFS. The results support the view that a weakened tight junction barrier with subsequent gut-derived inflammation is a novel pathway in CFS and that it is a new target for drug development in CFS. Meanwh... | yes |
19,098,936 | Do pPAR-gamma agonists inhibit TGF-beta1-induced chemokine expression in human tubular epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) has a wide range of biological functions, including anti-inflammation. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of PPAR-gamma on transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1)-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoa... | PPAR-gamma agonists (15d-PGJ2 and TGL) could inhibit the TGF-beta1-induced expression of chemokines in HK-2 cells. Our results suggest that PPAR-gamma agonists have the potential to be used as a treatment regimen to reduce inflammation in renal tubulointerstitial disease. | yes |
19,109,817 | Do hyperthermia-treated mesenchymal stem cells exert antitumor effects on human carcinoma cell line? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the potential for differentiation into multilineages. MSCs have been reported to play a role as precursors for tumor stroma in providing a favorable environment for tumor progression. Hyperthermia destroys cancer cells by raising the temperature of tumor-load... | This study showed that the conditioned medium of the HS-MSCs exerted a suppressive effect on tumor progression and malignancy, suggesting that hyperthermia enables tumor stromal cells to provide a sensitizing environment for tumor cells to undergo cell death. | yes |
19,100,592 | Is pleocytosis associated with disruption of HIV compartmentalization between blood and cerebral spinal fluid viral populations? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesized that pleocytosis, which is a marker of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation, would result in viral genetic equilibration or de-compartmentalization between HIV populations in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), suggesting viral trafficking.",
"Study subjects, who sta... | Inflammation in the CNS, marked by pleocytosis, allows HIV populations to mix between blood and CSF, which may increase the overall viral genetic diversity within the CSF. | yes |
19,086,952 | Is helicobacter pylori infection significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in the Japanese population? | {
"contexts": [
"Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of metabolic abnormalities leading to insulin resistance and atherosclerosis, and Helicobacter pylori is thought to be a contributing factor.",
"We examined the association between H. pylori infection and metabolic syndrome in a large Japanese population... | In a large Japanese population, H. pylori infection was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. | yes |
19,086,956 | Do cannabinoids and capsaicin improve liver function following thioacetamide-induced acute injury in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We have shown the beneficial effects of cannabinoids in a murine model of hepatic encephalopathy following thioacetamide and now report their effects on the liver injury.",
"Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) was induced by administration of 200 mg/kg thioacetamide to wild-type (WT) and CB2 Knoc... | The similar pattern found between the effect of cannabinoids and their antagonists on brain and liver indicated that the therapeutic effect might be directed by the improvement in both organs through CB2 receptors and/or TRPV1 receptors. Modulation of these systems may have therapeutic potential. | yes |
19,086,959 | Does perianal disease predict changes in Crohn 's disease phenotype-results of a population-based study of inflammatory bowel disease phenotype? | {
"contexts": [
"The Montreal classification system of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) provides a framework for describing disease phenotype.",
"We aimed to describe changes in IBD phenotype using the Montreal system and determine predictors of phenotype change in a Caucasian population-based cohort.",
"... | Although CD location remains relatively stable, behavior changes over time. Perianal disease is a strong predictor of developing more complicated CD. Proctitis is most common in UC patients at diagnosis although younger patients are more likely than older patients to have extensive disease. The Montreal classification ... | yes |
19,090,327 | Do respiratory cycle-related EEG changes during sleep reflect esophageal pressures? | {
"contexts": [
"Respiratory cycle-related EEG changes (RCREC) have been demonstrated during sleep by digital analysis and hypothesized to represent subtle inspiratory microarousals that may help to explain daytime sleepiness in patients with sleep-disordered breathing. We therefore examined for the first time as... | Variation within subjects of sigma RCREC with APes supports previous evidence that RCREC within this range may reflect microarousals exacerbated by increased work of breathing. Correlation of beta and theta, but not sigma RCREC with deltaPes in between-subject comparisons is more difficult to explain but suggests that ... | yes |
19,090,328 | Is hypoadiponectinemia related to sympathetic activation and severity of obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoadiponectinemia is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and diabetes mellitus. We hypothesize that adiponectin may be downregulated in sleep apnea through various mechanisms, contributing to cardiometabolic risks. This study investigated the relationship between serum adiponectin and slee... | Adiponectin was suppressed in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea, independent of obesity. Adiponectin levels were determined by insulin resistance and sympathetic activation, factors that may be totally or partially attributed to sleep disordered breathing. | yes |
19,090,329 | Does sympathetic withdrawal augment cerebral blood flow during acute hypercapnia in sleeping lambs? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebral sympathetic activity constricts cerebral vessels and limits increases in cerebral blood flow (CBF), particularly in conditions such as hypercapnia which powerfully dilate cerebral vessels. As hypercapnia is common in sleep, especially in sleep disordered breathing, we tested the hypothes... | Hypercapnia increases CBF in sleep and wakefulness, with the increase being greatest in REM. Sympathectomy increases baseline CBF, but decreases the response to hypercapnia. These findings suggest that cerebral sympathetic nerve activity is normally withdrawn during hypercapnia in REM sleep, augmenting the CBF response... | yes |
19,101,276 | Is the 17-mm St. Jude Medical Regent valve a valid option for patients with a small aortic annulus? | {
"contexts": [
"When aortic valve replacement is performed in patients with a small aortic annulus, prosthesis-patient mismatch is of concern. Such prosthesis-patient mismatch may affect postoperative clinical status and survival. We investigated the outcomes of isolated aortic valve replacement performed with a... | Aortic valve replacement with a 17-mm Regent prosthesis appears to provide satisfactory clinical and hemodynamic results in patients with a small aortic annulus. Remarkable left ventricular mass regression during follow-up was achieved irrespective of the effective orifice area index at discharge. | yes |
19,101,270 | Do saphenous vein conduits harvested by endoscopic technique exhibit structural and functional damage? | {
"contexts": [
"Injury to the saphenous vein endothelium during harvest impacts patency after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Many centers are adopting endoscopic saphenous vein harvest (ESVH) instead of using the traditional open saphenous vein harvest (OSVH) technique. Our objective was to compare the ef... | Our study indicates that ESVH has a detrimental effect on the saphenous vein endothelium, which may lead to decreased graft patency and worse patient outcomes. | yes |
19,101,273 | Is mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration combined with bicuspid aortic valve disease often due to prolapse of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines the clinical, echocardiographic, surgical, and pathologic features of patients who had heart valve operations for combined congenital bicuspid aortic valve and mitral regurgitation due to degenerative disease of the mitral valve.",
"A retrospective review of 1595 patients ... | Patients with combined mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration and bicuspid aortic valve disease who require operations often have a large, prolapsing anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and dilated aortic annulus with aortic insufficiency due to cusp prolapse. | yes |
19,089,731 | Do faculty physicians and new physicians disagree about which procedures are essential to learn in medical school? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical procedures taught in the undergraduate medical curriculum are important for subsequent residency training and clinical practice. Published reports suggest that medical schools may not be adequately teaching procedures. This study identifies procedures considered essential by residents co... | New physicians who have completed internship and medical school faculty do not agree on procedures essential for internship. A core educational list of 19 procedures was identified using the responses from these two groups. | yes |
19,088,850 | Do polymorphisms within the novel type 2 diabetes risk locus MTNR1B determine beta-cell function? | {
"contexts": [
"Very recently, a novel type 2 diabetes risk gene, i.e., MTNR1B, was identified and reported to affect fasting glycemia. Using our thoroughly phenotyped cohort of subjects at an increased risk for type 2 diabetes, we assessed the association of common genetic variation within the MTNR1B locus with... | In conclusion, common genetic variation within MTNR1B determines glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and plasma glucose concentrations. Their impact on beta-cell function might represent the prevailing pathomechanism how MTNR1B variants increase the type 2 diabetes risk. | yes |
19,110,234 | Does azacitidine enhance sensitivity of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin through induction of apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of the study was to investigate whether azacitidine sensitizes platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin and the possible mechanisms involved.",
"We tested the in vitro antitumor activity of azacitidine both alone and combined with carboplatin in the ovarian cancer ... | Azacitidine enhanced the sensitivity of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin associated with caspase-3- and -8-dependent apoptosis pathway and reexpression of DR4. | yes |
19,100,469 | Is vascular endothelial dysfunction in cyclosporine-treated rat aortas associated with serum total homocysteine levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevation of serum total homocysteine (tHcy) is considered to contribute to endothelial cell dysfunction, which is considered to be the initial event in posttransplant vascular disease. We sought to investigate whether an association existed between serum tHcy levels and vascular endothelial func... | These data suggested a possible link between serum tHcy and decreased vascular sensitivity to endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in control aortae, but CsA-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction was not associated with an effect of the drug on homocysteine metabolism. | no |
19,100,468 | Does a combination of donor specific transfusion and rapamycin prolong cardiac allograft survival in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to investigate the effects of donor-specific transfusion (DST) combined with rapamycin (RPM) on engraftment and demonstrate the mechanisms.",
"B6 was treated with DST (on day -8) combined with RPM (from day -7 to -1, 1.5 microL/g per day). On day 0, B6 splenocytes were harvested to ... | Our study showed that DST combined with RPM prolonged cardiac allograft survival even if we withdrew immunosuppressants after transplantation. This result may be associated with inhibition of T-cell proliferation. We also demonstrated that RPM expanded CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells and increased splenocyte apoptosis. | yes |
19,094,073 | Is the effect of growth hormone treatment on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors similar in preterm and term short , small for gestational age children? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously reported that short, small for gestational age (SGA) children who were born preterm have a lower body fat percentage and a higher blood pressure, insulin secretion and disposition index than short SGA children born at term. Whether preterm birth also influences these parameters duri... | The effect of GH treatment on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors is similar in preterm and term short, SGA children. | yes |
19,085,909 | Is natural killer cell function intact after direct exposure to infectious hepatitis C virions? | {
"contexts": [
"Although hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to readily escape from virus-specific T and B cell responses, its effects on natural killer (NK) cells are less clear. Based on two previous reports that recombinant, truncated HCV E2 protein inhibits NK cell functions via crosslinking of CD81, it i... | HCV 1a or 2a envelope proteins do not modulate NK cell function when expressed as a part of infectious HCV particles. Without direct inhibition by HCV, NK cells may become activated by cytokines in acute HCV infection and contribute to infection outcome and disease pathogenesis. | yes |
19,090,015 | Does mammary serine protease inhibitor inhibit epithelial growth factor-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of esophageal carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"By using proteomic technology, the authors previously observed the substantial down-regulation of mammary serine protease inhibitor (maspin) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and metastases. In the current study, they examined the effects of maspin re-expression in a maspin-null esophageal ca... | Maspin exhibited a metastasis-suppressive effect, which may be a consequence of the reversal of the malignant phenotype of EC109 cells. The switch of cellular metabolic phenotype to low glycolysis by the gain of maspin function may play a key role in the process. This finding provides additional evidence of the tumor m... | yes |
19,098,657 | Is routine administration of antibiotics to patients suffering accidental gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy necessary? | {
"contexts": [
"Accidental rupture of the gallbladder is an event which occurs in up to 20% of laparoscopic cholecystectomies, mainly in those where dissection is difficult, or during extraction when the gallbladder is withdrawn directly through the laparoscope port. It has been commonly assumed that contaminati... | Routine application of an antibiotic to patients experiencing accidental perforation of the gallbladder during laparoscopic cholecystectomy is not necessary. In the case of patients with diabetes mellitus, those who are older than 60, or who have an ASA classification of 3 or more, or if the operation itself is likely ... | no |
19,090,984 | Does allopregnanolone-induced rise in intracellular calcium in embryonic hippocampal neurons parallel their proliferative potential? | {
"contexts": [
"Factors that regulate intracellular calcium concentration are known to play a critical role in brain function and neural development, including neural plasticity and neurogenesis. We previously demonstrated that the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (APalpha; 5alpha-pregnan-3alpha-ol-20-one) promotes... | Collectively, these data indicate that APalpha promotes a rapid, dose-dependent, stereo-specific, and developmentally regulated increase of intracellular calcium concentration in rat embryonic hippocampal neurons via a mechanism that requires both the GABAA receptor and L-type calcium channel. These data suggest that A... | yes |
19,098,491 | Does oligonucleotide-mediated retroviral RNase H activation lead to reduced HIV-1 titer in patient-derived plasma? | {
"contexts": [
"The retroviral RNase H is essential for viral replication. This component has not yet been extensively studied for antiviral therapy. It can be activated by an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) resulting in self-destruction of the virions.",
"To examine antiviral potential of ODN in clinical samples... | Significant reduction of plasma HIV RNA levels and infectivity of treated virions was achieved on the basis of induced self-destruction of HIV observed with clinical samples. Reduction of viral load ex vivo was designed as model for potential effects in vivo. Premature activation rather than inhibition of a viral enzym... | yes |
19,102,331 | Is expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C a prognostic indicator in esophageal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor plays an important role in angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor-C is concerned with lymphangiogenesis.",
"The present study employed immunostaining to investigate the relationship between expression of these factors and clinicopathologic findi... | Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C is related to lymphatic invasion and is a prognostic indicator for esophageal cancer. | yes |
19,098,046 | Does interference microscopy delineate cellular proliferations on flat mounted internal limiting membrane specimens? | {
"contexts": [
"To demonstrate that interference microscopy of flat mounted internal limiting membrane specimens clearly delineates cellular proliferations at the vitreomacular interface.",
"ILM specimens harvested during vitrectomy were fixed in glutaraldehyde 0.05% and paraformaldehyde 2% for 24 h (pH 7.4)... | Interference microscopy of flat mounted ILM specimens gives new insights into the distribution of cellular proliferations at the vitreomacular interface and allows for determination of the cell density at the ILM. Given that the entire ILM peeled is seen en face, the techniques described offer a more reliable method to... | yes |
19,092,277 | Is pIVKA-II the best prognostic predictor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was undertaken to assess the prognostic predictor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA).",
"This study retrospectively evaluated clinical outcomes in a cohort of 179 Child-Pugh stage A cirrhotic patients who received curative RFA for na... | In patients with Child-Pugh stage A HCC, the PIVKA-II level is the best prognostic predictor after curative RFA. | yes |
19,111,327 | Is differential regulation of aortic growth in male and female rodents associated with AAA development? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to examine effects of gonadal hormone manipulation on aortic diameter and macrophage infiltration in rodents during abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation.",
"Experiment 1: 17-beta estradiol and testosterone pellets were implanted in male (ME) and female (FT) rats. No pel... | This study documents a decrease in AAA diameter in males treated with estrogen or undergoing orchiectomy, but no changes in females treated with testosterone or undergoing oophorectomy; and an increase in diameter in MOT and a decrease in FOE. These data suggest that gonadal hormones differentially regulate AAA growth ... | yes |
19,108,717 | Is recovery from a cycling time trial enhanced with carbohydrate-protein supplementation vs. isoenergetic carbohydrate supplementation? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study we assessed whether a liquid carbohydrate-protein (C+P) supplement (0.8 g/kg C; 0.4 g/kg P) ingested early during recovery from a cycling time trial could enhance a subsequent 60 min effort on the same day vs. an isoenergetic liquid carbohydrate (CHO) supplement (1.2 g/kg).",
"T... | Under these experimental conditions, liquid C+P ingestion immediately after exercise increases fat oxidation, increases recovery, and improves subsequent same day, 60 min efforts relative to isoenergetic CHO ingestion. | yes |
19,113,995 | Does single-chain Fv phage display propensity exhibit strong positive correlation with overall expression levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Single chain Fvs (scFvs) are widely applied in research, diagnostics and therapeutic settings. Display and selection from combinatorial libraries is the main route to their discovery and many factors influence the success of this process. They exhibit low thermodynamic stability, resulting in low... | We conclude that in the absence of premature cytosolic aggregation or folding, the propensity of a scFv to be displayed on phage is directly related to its overall expression level and is thus indirectly influenced by factors such as codon bias, mRNA abundance or putative DNA motifs affecting expression. This suggests ... | yes |
19,102,819 | Do referral letters for 2-week wait suspected colorectal cancer allow a 'straight-to-test ' pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Some clinicians have argued that 2-week wait suspected colorectal cancer patients can go 'straight-to-test' to facilitate time to diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the currently used referral letters are reliable enough to allow that pathway.",
"General pr... | A significant number of patients would have had tests changed after a clinical consultation. However, only a small number required further investigations having had a consultation prior to their initial investigations. We conclude that 2-week wait suspected colorectal cancer patients should be seen in the clinic first ... | no |
19,095,696 | Does calprotectin ( a major S100 leucocyte protein ) predict 10-year radiographic progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasma levels of calprotectin, a major S100 leucocyte protein, are cross-sectionally associated with clinical and laboratory markers of inflammation and with radiographic damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High amounts of calprotectin are found in synovial fluid from patients with RA.",
"To... | Calprotectin was an independent predictor of clinical and radiographic joint damage after 10 years. These findings support the proposal that calprotectin may be a prognostic biomarker for erosive disease in patients with RA. | yes |
19,114,336 | Do [ Strychnos alkaloids inhibit the proliferation of adult rat neuroprogenitor cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effects of strychnos alkaloids on the proliferation of adult rat neuroprogenitor cells.",
"Strychnos alkaloids free of strychnine and brucine were extracted from Strychnos nux vomica, and the effects of Strychnos alkaloids on the survival of HEK293 and PC12 cells were evaluated u... | Strychnos alkaloids can significantly inhibit the proliferation of adult rat neuroprogenitor cells, and this effect is probably selective, suggesting the potential of Strychnos alkaloids as a new drug for treatment of neurocytoma. | yes |
19,114,337 | Does [ Programmed application of extracellular matrix promote neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) in neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs).",
"Mouse ESCs were incubated in the ESC conditioned medium, and the formation of embryonic bodies (EBs) were induced in bacteriological dishes using high-concentration all-trans ret... | ECM plays an important role in neural differentiation of mouse ESCs, and application of FN produces the most conspicuous effect during the differentiation of the ESCs into the neural progenitor cells;laminin/poly-L-ornithine is the most effective during their differentiation into neural cells. | yes |
19,103,962 | Does use of a common standard improve the performance of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D? | {
"contexts": [
"Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is becoming increasingly popular for measuring 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25-OH-D). Results submitted to the International Quality Assessment Scheme (DEQAS) have shown poor interlaboratory agreement. We investigated whether the use of a common s... | Use of a common standard improved agreement among laboratories using LC-MS/MS methods for 25-OH-D. This suggests that problems with assay standardization contribute to interlaboratory imprecision. This may be related to the nature of the matrix used for working standards or errors in the calibration of stock standard s... | yes |
19,107,213 | Does the inhibition of the highly expressed miR-221 and miR-222 impair the growth of prostate carcinoma xenografts in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"MiR-221 and miR-222 are two highly homologous microRNAs whose upregulation has been recently described in several types of human tumors, for some of which their oncogenic role was explained by the discovery of their target p27, a key cell cycle regulator. We previously showed this regulatory rela... | These findings suggest that modulating miR-221/222 levels may have a therapeutic potential in prostate carcinoma. | yes |
19,116,908 | Does stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors attenuate collagen-induced arthritis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"The parasympathetic nervous system, through the vagus nerve, can down-regulate inflammation in vivo by decreasing the release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), by activated macrophages. The vagus nerve may exert antiinflammatory actions via a specific effect of its p... | These data provide the first evidence of a role of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway in the murine CIA model of rheumatoid arthritis. | yes |
19,109,656 | Does whole grain rye porridge breakfast improve satiety compared to refined wheat bread breakfast? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies show that dietary fibre-rich foods with low energy density have a stronger effect on satiety per calorie compared to more energy dense foods.",
"To investigate subjective appetite and voluntary energy intake (24 h) after consumption of rye porridge breakfast and pasta lunch m... | Whole grain rye porridge at breakfast has prolonged satiating properties up to 8 h after consumption compared to refined wheat bread, but did not diminish subsequent food intake. | yes |
19,102,920 | Does [ Nuclear receptor Nur77 inhibit oxidized low density lipoprotein induced lipid loading in macrophages ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To observe the effect of Nur77 on lipid loading in macrophages exposed to 40 microg/ml oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL).",
"Stable RAW264.7 strain expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) or GFP-Nur77 was established by G418 screening after transfection with corresponding plasmids ... | Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 reduced ox-LDL induced intracellular lipid loading in macrophages by inhibiting lipid influx and enhancing lipid efflux. | yes |
19,092,052 | Is uterosacral ligament smooth muscle cell apoptosis increased in women with uterine prolapse? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to compare the smooth muscle content and apoptosis of the uterosacral ligament in women with and without uterine prolapse.",
"Uterosacral ligaments were sampled in women with (n = 9) or without (n = 9) uterine prolapse undergoing hysterectomy. Smooth muscle of th... | The fraction of smooth muscle in the uterosacral ligaments is significantly decreased, and the rate of apoptosis is higher in women with uterine prolapse compared to women without prolapse. | yes |
19,114,209 | Does blockade of receptor for advanced glycation end product attenuate pulmonary reperfusion injury in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is expressed at high levels in the lung, particularly in type 1 alveolar cells, and has been shown to amplify injury triggered by acute stress. Previous studies suggest serum concentrations of soluble RAGE increase during pulmonary reperfusi... | Abrogation of RAGE signaling attenuates pulmonary ischemia and reperfusion injury. This study suggests that RAGE might play a central role in pulmonary reperfusion injury and in transplantation and that blockade of RAGE might offer a potential target to abrogate pulmonary reperfusion injury in clinical transplantation. | yes |
19,114,202 | Does the sinus of Valsalva relieve abnormal stress on aortic valve leaflets by facilitating smooth closure? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, various modifications have been made to aortic root replacement procedures to include the pseudosinus in the synthetic graft, but its effect on valve function still remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the flow dynamics and its influence on the stress/strai... | Sinuses of Valsalva facilitate the smooth closure of the aortic valve, thereby avoiding the building up of abnormal stress in the leaflet. Such an effect may assure the durability of valve leaflets in aortic grafts with a pseudosinus. | yes |
19,103,993 | Is acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity associated with p53-induced inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Doxorubicin is used to treat childhood and adult cancer. Doxorubicin treatment is associated with both acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. The cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin are cumulative, which limits its chemotherapeutic dose. Free radical generation and p53-dependent apoptosis are thought t... | These data suggest that doxorubicin treatment induces acute cardiac dysfunction and reduces cardiac mass via p53-dependent inhibition of mTOR signaling and that loss of myocardial mass, and not cardiomyocyte apoptosis, is the major contributor to acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. | yes |
19,103,996 | Does platelet P2Y ( 12 ) receptor influence the vessel wall response to arterial injury and thrombosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Platelets are believed to play an important role in atherogenesis and the vessel response to vascular injury. The P2Y(12) receptor (P2Y(12)) plays a central role in amplifying platelet aggregation, dense granule and alpha-granule secretion, P-selectin expression, microparticle formation, and proc... | These data demonstrate a role for platelet P2Y(12) in the vessel wall response to arterial injury and thrombosis. This illustrates the manner in which platelets may contribute to atherogenesis and restenosis. | yes |
19,087,274 | Does proteomic analysis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha resistant human breast cancer cells reveal a MEK5/Erk5-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition phenotype? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite intensive study of the mechanisms of chemotherapeutic drug resistance in human breast cancer, few reports have systematically investigated the mechanisms that underlie resistance to the chemotherapy-sensitizing agent tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Additionally, the relationship betwee... | This study demonstrates that MEK5 over-expression promotes a TNF-alpha resistance phenotype associated with distinct proteomic changes (upregulation of VIM/vim, GSTP1/gstp1, and CKB/ckb; and downregulation of KRT8/krt8, KRT19/krt19, and GSTM3/gstm3). We further demonstrate that MEK5-mediated progression to an EMT pheno... | yes |
19,112,508 | Is asthma inversely associated with Helicobacter pylori status in an urban population? | {
"contexts": [
"Microbial exposures have been suggested to confer protection from allergic disorders and reduced exposures to gastrointestinal microbiota have been proposed as an explanation for the increase in asthma prevalence. Since the general prevalence of Helicobacter pylori has been decreasing, we hypothe... | These data are consistent with the hypothesis that colonization with CagA+ H. pylori strains is inversely associated with asthma and is associated with an older age of asthma onset in an urban population. The data suggest H. pylori as a marker for protection. | yes |
19,105,805 | Do better estimation of protein-DNA interaction parameters improve prediction of functional sites? | {
"contexts": [
"Characterizing transcription factor binding motifs is a common bioinformatics task. For transcription factors with variable binding sites, we need to get many suboptimal binding sites in our training dataset to get accurate estimates of free energy penalties for deviating from the consensus DNA s... | We think that training binding site detection algorithms on datasets from binding assays lead to better prediction. The improvements in accuracy came from the unbiased nature of the SELEX dataset rather than from the number of sites available. We believe that with progress in short-read sequencing technology, one could... | yes |
19,110,807 | Are long-term safety and efficacy observed after implantation of Zotarolimus-Eluting stent in real-world clinical practice? | {
"contexts": [
"Zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZESs) have been shown to be safe and effective in randomised trials. We sought to report the clinical outcomes after implantation of ZES in real-world clinical practice.",
"ZES have been approved for clinical use in Singapore since April 2005. Until December 31, 20... | In this real-world clinical experience, ZES was associated with a low incidence of adverse cardiac events at a medium follow-up of one and half years. | yes |
19,104,652 | Does differential gene repertoire in Mycobacterium ulcerans identify candidate genes for patho-adaptation? | {
"contexts": [
"Based on large genomic sequence polymorphisms, several haplotypes belonging to two major lineages of the human pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans could be distinguished among patient isolates from various geographic origins. However, the biological relevance of insertional/deletional diversity is no... | The differential gene inactivation patterns associated with the M. ulcerans haplotypes identified candidate genes that may confer enhanced adaptation upon ablation of expression. A number of gene conversions confined to the classical lineage may contribute to particular virulence of this group comprising isolates from ... | yes |
19,098,312 | Does hMG-CoA reductase inhibitors ( statin ) prevent retinal neovascularization in a model of oxygen-induced retinopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a primary cause of blindness and involves the dysfunction of retinal capillaries. Recent studies have emphasized the beneficial effects of inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase (statins) in preventing vascular dysfunction. In the present study, the authors characteri... | These data suggest the beneficial effects of statin treatment in preventing retinal neovascularization. These beneficial effects appear to result from the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of statins. | yes |
19,087,479 | Do prevalence and profile of people with co-occurring mental and substance use disorders within a comprehensive mental health system? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the prevalence and profile of people with co-occurring mental and substance use disorders in relation to numerous demographic, diagnostic, and needs-related variables across a comprehensive system of mental health services using a standard methodology.",
"Data were collected on cas... | The prevalence estimate of co-occurring disorders is likely representative of a multilevel system of care that serves a large, mixed urban and rural population. Results highlight the need to focus on specific subpopulations and sectors in pursuit of more integrated treatment and support for their mental health and addi... | yes |
19,106,174 | Do rhesus macaque embryos derived from MI oocytes maturing after retrieval display high rates of chromosomal anomalies? | {
"contexts": [
"Rhesus macaque and human preimplantation embryos display similar rates of chromosomal abnormalities. The aim of this study was to determine whether embryos developing from MI oocytes that mature post-retrieval display more chromosomal anomalies than those embryos that are generated from oocytes t... | These results indicate that embryos developing from oocytes maturing post-retrieval display high rates of chromosomal abnormalities and have therefore a reduced developmental competence. As a result, the clinical relevance of using immature oocytes that are retrieved after stimulated cycles in human IVF warrants furthe... | yes |
19,114,861 | Does oral HIV-exposure elicit mucosal HIV-neutralizing antibodies in uninfected men who have sex with men? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether oral sexual exposure to HIV-1 (HIV) results in HIV-neutralizing activity in saliva of uninfected men who have sex with infected men?",
"Saliva samples were collected from HIV IgG seronegative men (n = 25) whose male partners were HIV infected and from low-risk healthy con... | Unprotected oral sex evokes a salivary IgA1-mediated HIV-neutralizing response that persists over time during continuous exposure in uninfected male partners of infected men. | yes |
19,091,131 | Is increased p38-MAPK responsible for chemotherapy resistance in human gastric cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Chemoresistance is one of the main obstacles to successful cancer therapy and is frequently associated with Multidrug resistance (MDR). Many different mechanisms have been suggested to explain the development of an MDR phenotype in cancer cells. One of the most studied mechanisms is the overexpre... | Activation of the p38-MAPK pathway might be responsible for the modulation of P-glycoprotein-mediated and P-glycoprotein-unmediated multidrug resistance in the SGC7901/VCR cell line. | yes |
19,117,749 | Does vulvar squamous cell carcinoma development after diagnosis of VIN increase with age? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the present study is to investigate the trends in incidence of both usual (u) and differentiated (d) vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) separately, their malignant potential and the relation with other HPV related anogenital lesions in the Netherlands during a 14-year-period.",... | An increase in diagnoses of both uVIN and dVIN has not led to an increase in vulvar SCC incidence. The malignant potential of dVIN is higher than that for uVIN. For uVIN the malignant potential increases with age. | yes |
19,095,471 | Does western blot quantification of aggrecan fragments in human synovial fluid indicate differences in fragment patterns between joint diseases? | {
"contexts": [
"To develop a Western blot method for quantification of multiple aggrecan fragments in human synovial fluids (SFs).",
"SF aggrecan fragments were prepared from knee healthy (reference), knee injury and arthritis subjects by CsCl gradient centrifugations collecting D1 fractions. Samples were an... | We have developed a novel Western blot quantification method for quantification of SF aggrecan fragments which can differentiate fragments of different sizes sharing the same epitope. The anti-ARGS and anti-G3 quantitative Western blots provided information important for a better understanding of the proteolytic pathwa... | yes |
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