pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
16,638,134 | Does sSeCKS/Gravin/AKAP12 attenuate expression of proliferative and angiogenic genes during suppression of v-Src-induced oncogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"SSeCKS is a major protein kinase C substrate with kinase scaffolding and metastasis-suppressor activity whose expression is severely downregulated in Src- and Ras-transformed fibroblast and epithelial cells and in human prostate, breast, and gastric cancers. We previously used NIH3T3 cells with t... | Our data provide further evidence that SSeCKS can suppress Src-induced oncogenesis by modulating gene expression downstream of Src kinase activity. | yes |
16,624,642 | Do c-reactive protein products generated by neutrophil elastase promote neutrophil apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"C-reactive protein (CRP), a prototypical acute phase protein, is increased as much as 1000-fold during acute inflammation, suggesting its biological role in that process. CRP can be modified at sites of inflammation where proteases have been released by neutrophils migrating to tissues. In this s... | These results suggest that CRP degradation products generated by neutrophil elastase promote neutrophil apoptosis. Cleavage of CRP by neutrophil elastase may offer protection from inflammatory injury. | yes |
16,650,862 | Is the peritoneal cavity a distinct compartment of angiogenic molecular mediators? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to analyze porcine plasma and peritoneal fluid for concentration differences of angiogenic molecular mediators and to determine local peritoneal sites of production of these molecules.",
"The peritoneum is now recognized as a dynamic cellular membrane with important fu... | Peritoneal compartmentalization of angiogenic mediators important in wound healing, inflammation, and tumor growth suggests that the plasma concentrations of these mediators do not reflect their tissue concentrations or local biological activity. | yes |
16,637,741 | Is seasonal childhood anaemia in West Africa associated with the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype? | {
"contexts": [
"Anaemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for children in Africa. The plasma protein haptoglobin (Hp) binds avidly to free haemoglobin released following malaria-induced haemolysis. Haptoglobin polymorphisms result in proteins with altered haemoglobin-binding capacity and different anti... | The finding that haptoglobin 2-2 genotype is a risk factor for anaemia in children in a malaria-endemic area may reflect the reduced ability of the Hp2-2 polymer to scavenge free haemoglobin-iron following malaria-induced haemolysis. The magnitude of the effect of haptoglobin genotype (4 g/l Hb difference, p = 0.0009) ... | yes |
16,649,977 | Is a rare RET gene exon 8 mutation found in two Greek kindreds with familial medullary thyroid carcinoma : implications for screening? | {
"contexts": [
"Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC) is caused by germ-line mutations in the RET proto-oncogene. These mutations concern mainly cysteine residues in exons 10 and 11, whereas noncysteine mutations in exons 13-16 are rare. Mutations in other exons have been reported only in isolated families... | It is likely that this mutation causes FMTC, as no other mutation was found in the RET gene, the mutation co-segregates with FMTC, and family members without the mutation are clinically unaffected. As the same point mutation was previously found in a large Brazilian family, it may be present in other populations as wel... | yes |
16,648,742 | Do notochord cells regulate intervertebral disc chondrocyte proteoglycan production and cell proliferation? | {
"contexts": [
"Non-chondrodystrophic dog notochord cell conditioned medium was used to evaluate chondrocyte proteoglycan production and cell proliferation.",
"To evaluate the responsiveness of bovine disc-derived chondrocytes to notochord-cell conditioned medium with respect to proteoglycan and cell prolife... | The biology of the disc-derived chondrocyte is profoundly affected by NCCM in that various concentrations of NCCM activate proteoglycan production in a dose-dependent fashion. However, in the doses tested in our study, cell proliferation was increased but in a nondose-dependent fashion. Notochord cells retain their phe... | yes |
16,651,582 | Do viscoelasticity and temperature variations decrease tension and stiffness of hamstring tendon grafts following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"Hamstring tendon grafts used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are typically harvested early in the surgical procedure and are preconditioned prior to reimplantation. Postoperatively, the grafts undergo stress relaxation and warm from the temperature of the operating room to body temp... | Graft tension and stiffness achieved immediately following reconstruction are not maintained postoperatively because of stress relaxation and a temperature increase. This could lead to increased knee laxity. | yes |
16,652,382 | Is protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B involved in neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostate cancer (PC) contains a minor component of neuroendocrine (NE) cells that may stimulate androgen-independent growth of the tumor. The mechanism of neuroendocrine differentiation remains unknown.",
"The expression of PTP1B, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, was studied in LNCaP cells ind... | Our findings suggest that PTP1B plays an important role in neuroendocrine differentiation, and therefore, may possibly be involved in the progression of prostate cancer. | yes |
16,652,387 | Does finasteride target prostate vascularity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell adhesion of benign and malignant prostate cells? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated the effects of finasteride, a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, clinically used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on prostate tumor vascularity, apoptosis, and cell adhesion in situ and in vitro.",
"Prostate specimens from BPH patients treated with fina... | Finasteride can induce prostate apoptosis and reduce tissue vascularity by inhibiting epithelial cell adhesion. This evidence supports that finasteride has apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects against benign and malignant prostate. | yes |
16,652,386 | Does androgen and anti-androgen treatment modulate androgen receptor activity and DJ-1 stability? | {
"contexts": [
"Mechanisms regulating the transition from hormone responsive to hormone refractory prostate cancer (PCa) have remained unclear.",
"We analyzed androgen and anti-androgen treatment on endogenous AR activity in primary human prostate epithelial (HPE) cells cultured directly from patient radical... | Stabilization of AR and its co-regulators in the absence of androgen may partially account for anti-androgen withdrawal syndrome and potentially contribute to the development of hormone refractory PCa. | yes |
16,642,920 | Does prostaglandin E1 attenuate impairment of cellular immunity after cardiopulmonary bypass? | {
"contexts": [
"It is well documented that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) severely impairs cellular immunity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on cellular immunity after CPB.",
"Patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery were randomly divided into the PG... | PGE1 attenuated the impairment of cellular immunity after cardiac surgery with CPB by reducing oxidative stress on PBMCs. | yes |
16,633,392 | Do new Zealand health professionals agree about what defines appropriate attendance at an emergency department? | {
"contexts": [
"Emergency Departments (EDs) worldwide are facing a crisis from overcrowding--a common perception exists that inappropriate use of the ED is the major contributing factor. This study aims to examine the concept of 'inappropriate' ED attendances in relation to the Emergency Department at New Zealan... | While there are some areas of general agreement, there is no clear consensus between the professionals surveyed regarding the concept of 'appropriateness.' This has implications for any interventions aimed at addressing ED 'overcrowding' that assume the presence of a consensus understanding of this concept. | no |
16,626,487 | Is the photocurrent response of human cones fast and monophasic? | {
"contexts": [
"The precise form of the light response of human cone photoreceptors in vivo has not been established with certainty. To investigate the response shape we compare the predictions of a recent model of transduction in primate cone photoreceptors with measurements extracted from human cones using the... | The close correspondence between experiment and theory, using parameters previously derived for recordings from macaque retina, supports the notion that the electroretinogram approach and the modelling approach both provide an accurate estimate of the cone photoresponse in the living human eye. For reasons that remain ... | yes |
16,635,455 | Are pAPP-A and osteoprotegerin , together with interleukin-8 and RANTES , elevated in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, glycodelin, osteoprotegerin, and soluble CD163 are possible peritoneal fluid markers for endometriosis and to compare them with the established chemokine markers interleukin-8 and regulated on activation, nor... | Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and osteoprotegerin may play a role in the inflammation process of endometriosis, but interleukin-8 and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted are superior peritoneal fluid markers. | yes |
16,650,042 | Is repair of the injury to respiratory epithelial cells characteristic of asthma stimulated by Allomyrina dichotoma agglutinin specific serum glycoproteins? | {
"contexts": [
"The airway epithelium acts as a protective barrier, separating the external environment from the underlying tissue. Daily challenges result in damage to the epithelium that, in normal individuals, is quickly and effectively repaired. In respiratory diseases, such as asthma, this repair is comprom... | These results indicate that following mechanical injury to the epithelium, serum glycoproteins, not only provide a protective barrier, but also are involved in the initiation of wound closure. | yes |
16,635,510 | Does continuous positive airway pressure reduce nocturia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces nocturia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).",
"This prospective clinical study recruited patients referred to the Rambam Sleep Laboratory with suspected OSA. After polysomnography, those found to... | CPAP appears to be an effective treatment for nocturia associated with OSA. | yes |
16,639,331 | Does systemic administration of simvastatin after the onset of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage attenuate cerebral vasospasm? | {
"contexts": [
"Experimental evidence suggests that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mediated leukocyte extravasation contributes to the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm. Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, decreases intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression and competitively inhibits leukocyte in... | Subcutaneous administration of simvastatin after the onset of SAH attenuates perivascular granulocyte migration and ameliorates basilar artery vasospasm after experimental SAH in rabbits. 5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, such as simvastatin, may potentially serve as agents in the prevention o... | yes |
19,105,212 | Do a randomized trial of the anti-depressant effects of low- and high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression? | {
"contexts": [
"The majority of studies investigating the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment for major depression have focused on high-frequency rTMS to the left prefrontal cortex (HFL-rTMS). In addition, low-frequency right prefrontal rTMS (LFR-rTMS) has also bee... | HFL-rTMS and LFR-rTMS appear to be equally efficacious in treating major depression. This study adds to the growing literature supporting LFR-rTMS as an additional viable method of rTMS delivery in the treatment of depression. | yes |
19,097,679 | Is light cola drink less erosive than the regular one : an in situ/ex vivo study? | {
"contexts": [
"This in situ/ex vivo study assessed the erosive potential of a light cola drink when compared to a regular one.",
"During 2 experimental 14-days crossover phases, eight volunteers wore palatal devices with 2 human enamel blocks. The groups under study were: group light, erosive challenge with... | The data suggest that the light cola drink is less erosive than the regular one. | yes |
19,088,054 | Does varus alignment lead to increased forces in the anterior cruciate ligament? | {
"contexts": [
"Varus thrust of the knee is a dynamic increase of an often preexisting varus angle and it is suspected to be a major reason for failure of anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions. However, it is not known if a direct relationship exists between varus thrust and forces in the anterior cruciate ... | There is a direct relationship between varus alignment and anterior cruciate ligament tension. In the absence of an anterior cruciate ligament, the amount of lateral opening tends to increase. With increasing lateral opening, a thrust can sometimes be experimentally observed. | yes |
19,100,547 | Are asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines of similar predictive value for cardiovascular risk in the general population? | {
"contexts": [
"Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) has raised considerable interest, as it is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis. While increased plasma levels of ADMA have been reported in different cardiovascular disease states, its association with symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) has not been... | This study argues against an exclusive ADMA effect in mediating cardiovascular risk. Instead, SDMA, its supposedly inactive counterpart, has similar diagnostic value in this large prospective cohort. | yes |
19,089,137 | Does in vitro evaluation of the precision of working cast for implant-supported restoration with multiple abutments? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of two working cast fabrication techniques using strain-gauge analysis.",
"Two working cast fabrication methods were evaluated. Based on a master model, 20 working casts were fabricated by means of an indirect impression technique using po... | There was no statistical difference between the two methods studied. | yes |
19,099,573 | Do eZH2 and BMI1 inversely correlate with prognosis and TP53 mutation in breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"PolycombGroup (PcG) proteins maintain gene repression through histone modifications and have been implicated in stem cell regulation and cancer. EZH2 is part of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) and trimethylates H3K27. This histone mark recruits the BMI1-containing PRC1 that silences the gene... | Overall, our data highlight that whereas EZH2 and BMI1 may function in a 'linear' pathway in normal development, their overexpression has different functional consequences for breast tumourigenesis. | yes |
19,099,484 | Is a short course of antibiotic treatment effective in preventing death from experimental inhalational anthrax after discontinuing antibiotics? | {
"contexts": [
"Postexposure prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax requires prolonged antibiotic therapy or antibiotics and vaccination. The duration of treatment for established anthrax is controversial, because retained spores may germinate and cause disease after antibiotics are discontinued. Using rhesus macaq... | In the treatment of inhalational anthrax, the prolonged course of antibiotics required to achieve prophylaxis may not be necessary to prevent anthrax that results from the germination of retained spores after the discontinuation of antibiotics. | yes |
19,099,486 | Does helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin inhibit duodenal bicarbonate secretion by a histamine-dependent mechanism in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"The pathogenic mechanisms involved in Helicobacter pylori-induced duodenal mucosal injury are incompletely understood. In the present study, we sought to investigate the effect of H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) on duodenal mucosal bicarbonate (HCO3-) secretion.",
"Concentrated bacteri... | H. pylori VacA inhibits PGE2-stimulated duodenal epithelial HCO3- secretion by a histamine-dependent mechanism. This effect likely contributes to the damaging effect of H. pylori in the duodenal mucosa. | yes |
19,109,981 | Does daidzein administration in vivo reduce myocardial injury in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model by inhibiting NF-kappaB activation? | {
"contexts": [
"We tested the hypothesis that daidzein may reduce myocardial damage by both inhibiting the release of cytokines and limiting the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB.",
"Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, and the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated for 25 min. Tw... | This study reveals that the administration of daidzein in vivo attenuates I/R-induced myocardial damage via inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, which in turn may suppress inflammatory cytokine expression. | yes |
19,088,571 | Does additional training with an obstetric simulator improve medical student comfort with basic procedures? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if an obstetric birthing simulator can improve medical student understanding of and comfort with basic obstetric procedures.",
"Medical students were surveyed at the end of their obstetrics rotation regarding their knowledge and comfort with basic obstetric procedures. A group of... | Additional training with an obstetric simulator improved medical student self-reported comfort with and understanding of basic procedures compared with standard resident and staff-directed instruction. | yes |
19,109,031 | Does surfactant pretreatment decrease long-term damage after ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lung? | {
"contexts": [
"Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a risk factor for primary acute graft failure following lung transplantation. LIRI hereby contributes to morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. We have previously shown that surfactant pretreatment ameliorates LIRI up to 1 week after reperfu... | Severe LIRI caused extensive pulmonary injury up to 90 days postoperatively. Surfactant pretreatment normalized pulmonary function, but resulted in an increased number of CD5(+)CD4(+)-cells and macrophages in lung tissue. | yes |
19,087,586 | Do [ Treatment of skeletal Class II adult patients with microscrew implant anchorage and multi-loop edgewise arch wire ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effects and mechanisms of the microscrew implant anchorage (MIA) combined with multi-loop edgewise arch wire (MEAW) technique in the treatment of skeletal Class II adult patients.",
"Eleven adult patients with skeletal Class II high-angle malocclusions were treated with fixed ... | The treatment of adult patients with skeletal Class II high angle malocclusions with MIA and MEAW technique could not only improve the facial esthetics but also avoided the common side effects of traditional Class II elastics. | yes |
19,102,825 | Does improving operation note to meet British Orthopaedic Association guidelines? | {
"contexts": [
"Operation notes are an important part of medical records for clinical, academic and medicolegal reasons. This study audited the quality of operative note keeping for total knee replacements against the standards set by the British Orthopaedic Association (BOA).",
"A prospective review of all ... | Surgeon education and the use of a checklist produce better quality total knee replacement operation notes in line with BOA guidelines. Further improvements may be made by making the data points part of the operation note itself. | yes |
19,101,621 | Does morus alba leaf extract stimulate 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase in isolated rat skeletal muscle? | {
"contexts": [
"Morus alba (mulberry) leaf is a natural therapeutic agent that has been shown to have an antidiabetic effect. We explored the possibility that 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is involved in metabolic enhancement by the Morus alba leaf.",
"Isolated rat epitrochlearis muscle was incubate... | MLE stimulates skeletal muscle AMPK activity acutely without changing the intracellular energy status. | yes |
19,114,341 | Is [ Glycine involved in the modulation of respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in neonatal rat medullary brain slices ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the role of glycine (Gly) in the generation and modulation of basic respiratory rhythm.",
"Neonatal (0-3 days) SD rats of either sex were used in this study. The medulla oblongata brain slice containing the medial region of the nucleus retrofacialis (mNRF) and the hypoglossal ner... | Gly may play an important role in the modulation of RRDA in the medulla oblongata slice of neonatal rats. | yes |
19,102,781 | Does human cellular microRNA hsa-miR-29a interfere with viral nef protein expression and HIV-1 replication? | {
"contexts": [
"Cellular miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Recently, miRNAs have also been shown to be able to target and inhibit viral gene expression. Computational predictions revealed earlier that the HIV-1 genome includes regions that may be potentially target... | Our results show that the cellular miRNA hsa-miR29a downregulates the expression of Nef protein and interferes with HIV-1 replication. | yes |
19,091,353 | Are simultaneous bilateral native nephrectomy and living donor renal transplantation successful for polycystic kidney disease : the University of Maryland experience? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease have significant morbidity due to large kidney size and the resultant compression of adjacent organs. Surgical extirpation is limited to the most severe cases due to the risk of complications. Typically surgical extirpation of autosomal d... | Bilateral nephrectomy and immediate transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease can be done with minimal morbidity. Preliminary studies show that patients may have significant improvement in quality of life from this procedure and graft viability is not compromised. | yes |
19,103,960 | Does a meta-analysis of leptin reference range in the healthy paediatric prepubertal population? | {
"contexts": [
"The initial discovery of leptin (1994) has given rise to a substantial number of published studies. This study aimed at identifying the published data on the reference ranges of total, free and bound leptin concentration in the healthy prepubertal population.",
"A search was conducted on orig... | No studies have established CLSI-based leptin reference ranges in prepubertal healthy children and there is a wide variation in the published leptin concentrations. These differences suggest that caution should be used in the interpretation and comparison between studies. | yes |
19,087,242 | Does analysis of mammalian gene batteries reveal both stable ancestral cores and highly dynamic regulatory sequences? | {
"contexts": [
"Changes in gene regulation are suspected to comprise one of the driving forces for evolution. To address the extent of cis-regulatory changes and how they impact on gene regulatory networks across eukaryotes, we systematically analyzed the evolutionary dynamics of target gene batteries controlled... | Our study reveals the dynamics of evolutionary changes within metazoan gene networks, including both the composition of gene batteries and the architecture of target gene promoters. This variation provides the playground required for evolutionary innovation around conserved ancestral core functions. | yes |
19,092,341 | Is prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer associated with lymph node ratio : a single-center analysis of 3,026 patients over a 25-year time period? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined the prognostic impact of lymph node ratio (relation of tumor-infiltrated to resected lymph nodes) in comparison to the pN category and other prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer.",
"Although the high prognostic impact of lymph node metastases and the total number ... | The defined cut-off values of LNRs were strong independent prognostic factors for colorectal cancer patients and should be calculated for risk group stratification. | yes |
19,100,458 | Does neural stem cell transplantation rescue rectum function in the aganglionic rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation is a promising tool for restoring the nervous system in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of NSC transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for neuronal replacement of the enteric nervous system of ... | CNS-NSC transplantation may provide a viable therapeutic option for disorders of the enteric nervous system. | yes |
19,114,795 | Are depression and anxiety symptoms associated with reduced dietary adherence in heart failure patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator? | {
"contexts": [
"Heart failure (HF) patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) are a growing patient population for whom the general treatment guidelines for HF still apply. Dietary recommendations, sodium and fluid restriction and daily weight monitoring, are a critical component of HF... | Findings suggest that many HF patients treated with an ICD do not comply with dietary recommendations. Depression and anxiety symptoms were found to be associated with worse dietary adherence, whereas social support was not related to adherence. Further research is needed to understand the role of social support in die... | yes |
19,100,385 | Does intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury trigger activation of innate toll-like receptor 4 and adaptive chemokine programs? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major problem in intestinal transplantation. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated as a possible link between the innate and adaptive immune systems, however little data exists regarding TLR4 in intestinal IRI. The goal of this study is to evaluate... | This study is the first to demonstrate increased expression of TLR4 and NF-kappaB after warm intestinal IRI. This detrimental cascade may be initiated by TLR4 via NF-kappaB signaling pathways, implicating TLR4 as a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of intestinal IRI. | yes |
19,100,383 | Does hepatic ischemia-reperfusion induce insulin resistance via down-regulation during the early steps in insulin signaling in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The effects of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) on insulin signaling remain unclear. We observed changes in insulin secretion and signal protein expression during the early steps in insulin signaling after hepatic I/R in rats.",
"Eighty healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into an I/R ... | Hepatic I/R inhibited insulin secretion and induced insulin resistance via down-regulation during the early steps in insulin signaling in rats. | yes |
19,091,106 | Does survey of microsatellite clustering in eight fully sequenced species shed light on the origin of compound microsatellites? | {
"contexts": [
"Compound microsatellites are a special variation of microsatellites in which two or more individual microsatellites are found directly adjacent to each other. Until now, such composite microsatellites have not been investigated in a comprehensive manner.",
"Our in silico survey of microsatell... | Our findings suggest a more dynamic picture of microsatellite evolution than previously believed. Imperfections within microsatellites might not only cause the "death" of microsatellites they might also result in their "birth". | yes |
19,114,913 | Does immunosuppression associated with interleukin-1R-associated-kinase-M upregulation predict mortality in Gram-negative sepsis ( melioidosis )? | {
"contexts": [
"Sepsis is associated with immunosuppression (characterized by a reduced capacity of circulating monocytes to release proinflammatory cytokines), which has been implicated in late mortality. Melioidosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an important cause of comm... | Immunosuppression in sepsis caused by B. pseudomallei is associated with an upregulation of IRAK-M and an indicator of poor outcome. | yes |
19,114,919 | Does modulation of nuclear factor-kappaB improve cardiac dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest? | {
"contexts": [
"The hypothesis is that partial nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibition can alleviate cardiopulmonary dysfunction associated with ischemia and reperfusion injury following cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (CPB/DHCA) in a pediatric model.",
"Animal case study.... | Improvement of cardiopulmonary function after ischemia/reperfusion was associated with the reduction of NF-kappaB activity in piglet hearts. Maintenance of systemic oxygen delivery and alleviation of pulmonary hypertension after CPB/DHCA in piglets administered SN50, possibly through a reduction of circulating endothel... | yes |
19,115,153 | Does alverine citrate plus simethicone reduce cecal intubation time in colonoscopy - a randomized study? | {
"contexts": [
"Successful colonoscopy depends on the insertion of the instrument to the cecum, a detailed examination, and minimal discomfort to the patient during the procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of alverine citrate plus simethicone on the cecal intubation time, colonic spasm a... | Alverine citrate plus simethicone reduced the intubation time significantly by 19%, from 7.48 minutes to 6.20 minutes. | yes |
19,088,435 | Does human mesenteric adipose tissue play unique role versus subcutaneous and omental fat in obesity related diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity is a common and rapidly growing health problem today. Obesity is characterized by the increase of body fat and an excess of total body fat and, in particular, visceral fat accumulation, is considered to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus. To determine whether the malfunction of... | Human mesenteric adipose tissue in obese diabetic subjects has high basal glycerol release and impaired isoproterenol stimulated glycerol release. The obesity-related gene expressions in the mesenteric adipose tissue are up regulated, suggesting that the alterations of these genes in mesentery adipose depot may play a ... | yes |
19,105,886 | Are simple measures as effective as invasive techniques in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi? | {
"contexts": [
"Detection of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases is vital for tuberculosis (TB) control. Methods to augment sputum collection are available, but their additional benefit is uncertain in resource-limited settings.",
"To compare the diagnostic yields using five methods to obtain s... | For countries such as Malawi, the best use of limited resources to detect smear-positive PTB cases would be to improve the quality of self-expectorated sputum collection and microscopy. The additional diagnostic yield using BAL after induced sputum is limited. | yes |
19,110,882 | Does cPAP therapy of obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetics improve glycemic control during sleep? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are frequently comorbid conditions. OSA is associated with increased insulin resistance, but studies of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) have shown inconsistent effects on glycemic control. However, endpoints such as hemoglobin A1c and i... | Our study is limited by the lack of a control group, but the results suggest that sleeping glucose levels decrease and are more stable after patients with type 2 diabetes and OSA are treated with CPAP. | yes |
19,106,238 | Do lactotripeptides lower ambulatory blood pressure in untreated whites : results from 2 controlled multicenter crossover studies? | {
"contexts": [
"Dietary factors directly influence blood pressure (BP). The lactotripeptides (LTPs) IPP (isoleucine-proline-proline) and VPP (valine-proline-proline), formed by hydrolyzing dairy proteins, and potassium, a mineral mainly found in fruit, vegetables, and dairy products, are extensively studied for ... | The data do not support a BP-lowering effect of LTPs in whites. | no |
19,101,292 | Does very mild hypothermia during ischemia and reperfusion improve postinfarction ventricular remodeling? | {
"contexts": [
"Mild hypothermia (< 4 degrees C) improves myocardial salvage after infarct reperfusion in animals and in early clinical studies. In this experiment the effect of mild hypothermia during ischemia and early reperfusion on long-term postinfarction left ventricular (LV) remodeling was assessed in an ... | Subtle degrees of hypothermia can significantly improve immediate myocardial salvage and long-term LV remodeling after infarct reperfusion. | yes |
19,103,633 | Is gene expression in human chondrocytes in late osteoarthritis changed in both fibrillated and intact cartilage without evidence of generalised chondrocyte hypertrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate changes in gene expression in fibrillated and intact human osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage for evidence of an altered chondrocyte phenotype and hypertrophy.",
"Paired osteochondral samples were taken from a high-load site and a low-load site from 25 OA joints and were compared wi... | The expression of key chondrocyte genes, including aggrecan and SOX9, was decreased in OA cartilage and the changes were similar in both fibrillated high-loaded and intact low-loaded cartilage on the same joint. However, there was no significant upregulation of type X collagen, and other genes associated with chondrocy... | yes |
19,088,045 | Does protein expression profiling in esophageal adenocarcinoma patients indicate association of heat-shock protein 27 expression and chemotherapy response? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify pretherapeutic predictive biomarkers in tumor biopsies of patients with locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinomas treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we used an explorative proteomic approach to correlate pretherapeutic protein expression profiles with tumor response to neoadjuva... | Albeit preliminary, our encouraging data suggest that protein expression profiling may distinguish cancers with a different response to chemotherapy. Our results suggest that response to chemotherapy may be related to a different activation of stress response and inflammatory biology in general. Moreover, the potential... | yes |
19,114,013 | Is fgf2 expressed in human and murine embryonic choroid plexus and affects choroid plexus epithelial cell behaviour? | {
"contexts": [
"Although fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signalling plays crucial roles in several developing and mature tissues, little information is currently available on expression of Fgf2 during early choroid plexus development and whether Fgf2 directly affects the behaviour of the choroid plexus epithelium... | Fgf2 expression early in the development of both human and rodent choroid plexus, and its ability to modulate behaviour and gene expression in CPe, supports the view that Fgf signalling plays a role in the maintenance of integrity and function of this specialized epithelium, and that this role is conserved between rode... | yes |
19,107,681 | Does nogo-A inhibitory peptide ( NEP1-40 ) increase pan-cadherin expression following mild cortical contusion injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitory protein that limits elongation of central nerve fibers, neuronal regeneration and plasticity. We investigated the effect of delivering an inhibitory peptide that neutralizes Nogo-A on neuronal recovery following mild cortical contusion in... | We observed improved preservation of injured neurons after topical application of NEP 1-40 following mild cortical injury. Pan-cadherin expression may correlate with the recovery of neurons and axonal bodies. Electron microscopical findings confirmed better preservation of neuronal structures after NEP1-40 treatment. P... | yes |
19,117,312 | Is maxillary mucosal cyst a manifestation of rhinosinusitis : results of a prospective three-dimensional CT study of ophthalmic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Mucosal cysts in the maxillary antrum (MMC) are a common finding in imaging of the paranasal sinuses. Their significance remains in doubt and their prevalence in the general nonrhinitic population is unknown.",
"To establish the prevalence of MMCs in patients without nasal complaints and iden... | Maxillary mucosal cysts are prevalent in nonrhinitic patients and do not reflect sinus or dental disease. Their presence should not be an indication for sinus surgery. | no |
19,099,551 | Does the genome sequence of the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida strain LFI1238 show extensive evidence of gene decay? | {
"contexts": [
"The fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida is the causative agent of cold-water vibriosis in marine aquaculture. The Gram-negative bacterium causes tissue degradation, hemolysis and sepsis in vivo.",
"In total, 4 286 protein coding sequences were identified, and the 4.6 Mb genome of A. salmonic... | Most prominent is the loss of several genes involved in the utilisation of the polysaccharide chitin. In particular, the disruption of three extracellular chitinases responsible for enzymatic breakdown of chitin makes A. salmonicida unable to grow on the polymer form of chitin. These, and other losses could restrict th... | yes |
19,099,587 | Do local and regional factors influence the structure of treehole metacommunities? | {
"contexts": [
"Abiotic and biotic factors in a local habitat may strongly impact the community residing within, but spatially structured metacommunities are also influenced by regional factors such as immigration and colonization. We used three years of monthly treehole census data to evaluate the relative infl... | The strong effects of water volume, leaf litter mass, and presence of a top predator, along with the high temporal turnover strongly suggest that species presence and density are determined by local factors and changes in those factors over time. Both low water volume and high predator densities can eliminate populatio... | yes |
19,099,586 | Are class I histone deacetylases 1 , 2 and 3 highly expressed in renal cell cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Enhanced activity of histone deacetylases (HDAC) is associated with more aggressive tumour behaviour and tumour progression in various solid tumours. The over-expression of these proteins and their known functions in malignant neoplasms has led to the development of HDAC inhibitors (HDI) as new a... | Class I HDAC isoforms 1 and 2 are highly expressed in renal cell cancer, while HDAC 3 shows low, histology dependent expression rates. These unexpected differences in the expression patterns suggests alternative regulatory mechanisms of class I HDACs in renal cell cancer and should be taken into account when trials wit... | yes |
19,099,580 | Does a genome-wide screen for modifiers of transgene variegation identify genes with critical roles in development? | {
"contexts": [
"Some years ago we established an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea screen for modifiers of transgene variegation in the mouse and a preliminary description of the first six mutant lines, named MommeD1-D6, has been published. We have reported the underlying genes in three cases: MommeD1 is a mutation in SMC h... | These results demonstrate the importance of dosage-dependent epigenetic reprogramming in the development of the embryo and the power of the screen to provide mouse models to study this process. | yes |
19,099,582 | Are transgenic increases in seed oil content associated with the differential expression of novel Brassica-specific transcripts? | {
"contexts": [
"Seed oil accumulates primarily as triacylglycerol (TAG). While the biochemical pathway for TAG biosynthesis is known, its regulation remains unclear. Previous research identified microsomal diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1, EC 2.3.1.20) as controlling a rate-limiting step in the TAG biosyn... | Our results indicate that the increased TAG accumulation observed in transgenic DGAT1 plants is associated with modest transcriptional and hormonal changes during seed development that are not limited to the TAG biosynthesis pathway. These might be associated with feedback or feed-forward effects due to altered levels ... | yes |
19,089,403 | Do cannabinoid type 1 receptors in human skeletal muscle cells participate in the negative crosstalk between fat and muscle? | {
"contexts": [
"Cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) antagonists such as rimonabant (Rim) represent a novel approach to treat obesity and related metabolic disorders. Recent data suggest that endocannabinoids are also produced by human adipocytes. Here we studied the potential involvement of endocannabinoids in th... | Our results show that the CB1R system may play a role in the development of insulin resistance in human SkM. The results obtained with CM support the notion that adipocytes may secrete factors which are able to activate the CB1R. Furthermore, we identified two stress kinases in the signalling pathway of AEA and enhance... | yes |
19,096,138 | Does dimethyl sulfoxide provide neuroprotection in a traumatic brain injury model? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the antioxidant, curcumin compared to alpha-tocopherol in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI).",
"Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered curcumin (3, 30, 300 mg/kg), alpha-tocopherol (100 mg/kg), DMSO veh... | Since protection in the DMSO vehicle group was equal to that of the experimental groups, no conclusions about neuroprotection regarding alpha-tocopherol or curcumin can be made from this study. The results suggest that DMSO may be acting as an overriding neuroprotectant in this experiment. We conclude that DMSO is a vi... | yes |
19,096,133 | Does a genetic fusion GDNF-C fragment of tetanus toxin prolong survival in a symptomatic mouse ALS model? | {
"contexts": [
"Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a paralyzing disorder that kills individuals within three to five years of onset without any possibility for effective treatment. One proposed therapy has been the use of neurotrophic factors to inhibit the apoptosis of motorneurones. At the present, one way... | These results suggest that recombinant GDNF-TTC fusion protein intramuscular injections provide a potential therapy for ALS treatment. | yes |
19,089,898 | Is pre-operative opening detrusor pressure predictive of detrusor overactivity following TVT in patients with pre-operative mixed urinary incontinence? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if specific pre-operative urodynamic parameters could predict detrusor overactivity following TVT in patients with urodynamic mixed incontinence.",
"Notes of women with detrusor overactivity (DO) and urodynamic stress incontinence (USI) before undergoing tension-free vaginal tape... | Higher numbers of patients are required to demonstrate the value of opening detrusor pressure in predicting post-operative overactive bladder symptoms. Opening detrusor pressure is predictive of post-operative DO after TVT. | yes |
19,089,894 | Does goal achievement provide new insights into interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome symptoms and outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"Goal Assessment Scaling (GAS), wherein patients specify goals then evaluate treatments with regard to goal achievement, has proven utility in assessing treatment of complex conditions such as chronic pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and incontinence. We used surveys and focus groups to characterize th... | Patients have individualized treatment goals. GAS holds promise for addressing individuality in a standardized format. A new instrument developed from this work is being piloted in a multicenter RCT. We also suggest that questionnaires investigating urgency in IC/PBS clarify the definition in a way more applicable to t... | yes |
19,100,535 | Does exogenous androstenedione induce formation of follicular cysts and premature luteinization of granulosa cells in the ovary? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of androstenedione on ovarian follicle development.",
"Experimental study.",
"University research laboratory.",
"Female Wistar-Imamichi rats and BDF1 mice.",
"Rats were injected with androstenedione. Ovarian follicles of mice were cultured in the presenc... | Excess androgen enhances apoptosis in the inner part of granulosa cell layers of antral follicles, resulting in the formation of follicular cysts. It is also demonstrated that androgen stimulates premature luteinization of granulosa cells. | yes |
19,092,422 | Do corneal deposits after topical tosufloxacin in a patient with poor tear secretion? | {
"contexts": [
"To report on severe visual impairment in a patient with decreased tear secretion in whom dense corneal deposits resulted from tosufloxacin treatment after cataract surgery.",
"An 86-year-old woman complained of blurred vision in the left eye. She had been treated with topical applications of ... | Topical application of tosufloxacin may lead to fluoroquinolone drug deposition on the cornea, especially when an antibiotic drug has been used continuously in patients with poor tear secretion. | yes |
19,087,284 | Does deoxycholate promote survival of breast cancer cells by reducing the level of pro-apoptotic ceramide? | {
"contexts": [
"At physiologic concentration in serum, the bile acid sodium deoxycholate (DC) induces survival and migration of breast cancer cells. Here we provide evidence of a novel mechanism by which DC reduces apoptosis that is induced by the sphingolipid ceramide in breast cancer cells.",
"Murine mamma... | Our findings show, for the first time, that DC is a natural tumor promoter by elevating Flk-1 and decreasing ceramide-mediated apoptosis of breast cancer progenitor cells. Reducing the level or effect of serum DC and elevating ceramide in breast cancer progenitor cells by treatment with Z-guggulsterone and/or vascular ... | yes |
19,088,656 | Does absolute and relative value of patient simulator feature as perceived by medical undergraduates? | {
"contexts": [
"Patient simulators incorporate a range of technical features. An understanding of which features are most valuable and which may be less so is important for simulator design and utilization. In this study, we attempted to answer the question of whether or not certain simulator features are percei... | There are significant differences in the perceived usefulness of patient simulator features. This has implications both for simulator design and for simulator-based education. | yes |
19,088,654 | Do moulage in high-fidelity simulation-a chest wall burn escharotomy model for visual realism and as an educational tool? | {
"contexts": [
"There is a paucity of literature pertaining to the role and techniques of moulage for creating high-fidelity medical simulations. As part of an Intensive Care Crisis Event Management Course, simulation of an extensive torso burn was desired. The aim of the moulage was to enhance the realism of th... | In the case of the chest wall burn model, moulage was used as more than a visual realism enhancing strategy-it served as an educational tool in its own right, permitting demonstration of a procedure performed infrequently outside the walls of major burns centers. | yes |
19,104,183 | Does activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia contribute to incision-induced mechanical allodynia? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have implicated the activation of stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 in spinal microglial cells for development of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether phosphorylation of p38 (p-p38) also mediates mecha... | Plantar incision-induced mechanical allodynia can be prevented by the p38 inhibitor. Our results suggest that p38 activation in spinal microglia play a role in incision-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Therefore, p38 inhibition may be useful in treating postsurgical pain. | yes |
19,096,621 | Do efficacy of spinal implant removal after thoracolumbar junction fusion? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of spinal implant removal and to determine the possible mechanisms of pain relief.",
"Fourteen patients with an average of 42 years (from 22 to 67 years) were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had posterior spinal instrumentation an... | For the patients with persistent or recurrent back pain after spinal instrumentation, removal of the spinal implant may be safe and an efficient procedure for carefully selected patients who have palpation pain and are unresponsive to conservative treatment. | yes |
19,088,453 | Does lipopolysaccharide induce inhibition of galactose intestinal transport in rabbits in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies from our laboratory have revealed impaired intestinal absorption of D-galactose in lipopolysaccharide-treated rabbits. The aim of the present work was to examine the effect of LPS on D-galactose intestinal absorption in vitro.",
"D-galactose intestinal transport was assessed ... | LPS inhibits the mucosal Na(+)-dependent D-galactose intestinal absorption and the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity when it is added to the tissue. Intracellular processes related to protein kinases seem to be implicated in the endotoxin effect. | yes |
19,090,780 | Is the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 C1858T polymorphism a joint susceptibility locus for immunthyroiditis and autoimmune diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"The lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP) encoded by the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) gene is a strong inhibitor of T cells. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) C1858T within the PTPN22 gene was recently associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and type I... | The PTPN22 gene is a joint susceptibility locus for AITD (especially HT) and T1D. | yes |
19,116,233 | Is serum half-life of pituitary gonadotropins decreased by sulfonation and increased by sialylation in women? | {
"contexts": [
"The gonadotropins are secreted from the human pituitary as spectra of isoforms with different degrees of sulfonation and sialylation of the oligosaccharides, modifications suspected to determine their half-lives in the circulation.",
"Our objectives were to determine the isoform composition o... | The decline in LH and FSH during GnRH receptor blockade is associated with a decrease in sulfonated and increase in sialylated residues. The rapid disappearance of LH isoforms with two and three SO(3)-GalNAc residues suggests their removal by hepatic SO(3)-GalNAc-receptors similar to those in rodents. Episodical secret... | yes |
19,108,816 | Do inhibitory effects of progesterone differ in dendritic cells from female and male rodents? | {
"contexts": [
"Steroid hormones, such as progesterone, are known to have immunomodulatory effects. Our research group previously reported direct effects of progesterone on dendritic cells (DCs) from female rodents. Primarily affecting mature DC function, progesterone effects included inhibition of proinflammato... | These findings suggest that progesterone effects on DCs in rodents may be more pronounced in females than in males, and this is likely due to differences in PR protein expression. Our observations may help elucidate disparities in the incidence and severity of autoimmune disorders between females and males, and the rol... | yes |
19,108,815 | Do estrogen and progesterone affect responses to malaria infection in female C57BL/6 mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous data from our laboratory suggest that gonadally intact C57BL/6 male mice are more likely than their female counterparts to die from Plasmodium chabaudi infection, to recover more slowly from weight loss and hematocrit loss, and to have reduced interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin... | This animal study suggests that physiological levels of estrogen, rather than progesterone, enhance immunity and, possibly, protect females from disease symptoms during malaria infection. | yes |
19,091,200 | Does [ Early prediction of psychosocial intervention need in pneumology patients after nurses ' evaluation ]? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was aimed to verify whether it is possible to detect at hospital admission, by means of INTERMED, pneumonology patients at risk of \"complexity\" and of specialized psychosocial intervention.",
"With the Spanish version of INTERMED (for detection of risk for complexity of care) 144... | In support of the clinical utility of the INTERMED method (Spanish version), this is the first report in the international literature documenting that standardized nurses are able to detect at admission those medical patients who will eventually need specialized psychosocial intervention. | yes |
19,100,678 | Does combined BCR-ABL inhibition with lentiviral-delivered shRNA and dasatinib augment induction of apoptosis in Philadelphia-positive cells? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated two approaches, short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and the potent ABL inhibitor, dasatinib, alone and together, to achieve complete inhibition of BCR-ABL activity in Philadelphia-positive (Ph(+)) cells.",
"shRNA specific for BCR-ABL b3a2 were delivered, by lentiviral transducti... | These results confirm that by lowering BCR-ABL levels with shRNA, complete inhibition of oncoprotein activity can be achieved with a lower concentration of dasatinib, thus providing a rationale for combining these approaches in the setting of high target expression, such as found in advanced phase disease and in the st... | yes |
19,087,254 | Does upregulation of CRABP1 in human neuroblastoma cells overproducing the Alzheimer-typical Abeta42 reduce their differentiation potential? | {
"contexts": [
"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neurodegeneration and changes in cellular processes, including neurogenesis. Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in AD. Owing to varying APP processing, several beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) are generated.... | We conclude that increasing the Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio up-regulates CRABP1, which in turn reduces the differentiation potential of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, but increases cell proliferation. This work might contribute to the better understanding of AD neurogenesis, currently a controversial topic. | yes |
19,101,268 | Does intracoronary shunt prevent ischemia in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of intracoronary shunt during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.",
"Fifty-six patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass using the left internal mammary artery to bypass the left anterior descending coronary artery were randoml... | Intracoronary shunt prevents ischemia during grafting of the left anterior descending coronary artery and provides satisfactory immediate- and short-term graft patency. | yes |
19,097,904 | Is an IFT-A protein required to delimit functionally distinct zones in mechanosensory cilia? | {
"contexts": [
"Conserved intraflagellar transport (IFT) particle proteins and IFT-associated motors are needed to assemble most eukaryotic cilia and flagella. Proteins in an IFT-A subcomplex are generally required for dynein-driven retrograde IFT, from the ciliary tip to the base. We describe novel structural a... | IFT-A proteins are located at and required by the ciliary dilation, which separates chordotonal cilia into functionally distinct zones. A requirement for IFT140 in stable TRPV channel expression also suggests that IFT-A proteins may mediate preciliary transport of some membrane proteins. | yes |
19,108,963 | Are human SA gene polymorphisms associated with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women : a pilot study? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the study is to evaluate the associations between polymorphisms of the human SA (SAH) gene, an acyl-CoA synthetase gene, with dyslipidemia and phenotypes of the insulin resistance syndrome in postmenopausal women.",
"One hundred and forty-two postmenopausal women were recruited... | Our results suggest that the polymorphisms of the SAH gene are associated with non-HDL-C levels in postmenopausal women. Further studies with larger sample sizes or different populations are warranted to confirm our preliminary findings. | yes |
19,088,895 | Are infections increased in scleroderma compared to non-inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders prior to disease onset? | {
"contexts": [
"The etiology of scleroderma (SSc) is unknown; immunogenic stimuli such as infections and vaccinations could theoretically be risk factors for scleroderma. Our objective was to assess the relationship between viral and bacterial infections, and vaccinations, prior to diagnosis of SSc compared to n... | This study does not support that self-report of symptomatic infections are more likely to occur ever (prior to diagnosis) or within 1-year prior to symptom onset of SSc, or that vaccinations in adulthood trigger SSc. | no |
19,106,155 | Does remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus reduce microvascular resistance or improve myocardial blood flow in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention? | {
"contexts": [
"Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) may limit myocardial infarction by improving microvascular function and maintaining myocardial blood flow. We hypothesized that a RIPC stimulus would reduce coronary microvascular resistance and improve coronary blood flow during elective percutaneous corona... | RIPC stimuli during elective PCI do not affect coronary microvascular resistance or coronary flow in humans. | no |
19,100,273 | Do gABAA receptors in nucleus accumbens shell mediate the hyperphagia and weight gain following haloperidol treatment in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Weight gain is a common outcome of antipsychotics therapy in schizophrenic patients. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms are unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of GABA(A) receptors within the framework of nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh) in haloperidol-induce... | The results of present study suggest that increased food intake and body weight following haloperidol treatment in rats, may be mediated via AcbSh GABA(A) receptors. | yes |
19,087,325 | Does an expression meta-analysis of predicted microRNA targets identify a diagnostic signature for lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), two major histologic subtypes of lung cancer, currently receive similar standard treatments, but resistance to adjuvant chemotherapy is prevalent. Identification of differentially expressed genes marking AD and SC... | This study focuses on predicted targets of three lung-enriched miRNAs, compares their expression patterns in lung cancer by their GO terms, and identifies a minimal set of genes differentially expressed in AD and SCC, followed by validating this gene signature in multiple published datasets. Expression of this gene sig... | yes |
19,095,513 | Is insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes no longer a secondary care activity in the Netherlands? | {
"contexts": [
"Because Dutch health care organisations did want to establish well-defined diabetes shared care groups, we investigated the organisation of insulin therapy in general practice in the Netherlands and assessed factors that were associated with providing insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes (DM2) pati... | This nation-wide overview shows that insulin therapy is no longer a secondary care based activity. However, there is still need to enlarge the practice staff and to overcome the perceived skills deficit. | yes |
19,112,411 | Does duration of untreated psychosis and it 's effect on the symptomatic recovery in schizophrenia - preliminary results? | {
"contexts": [
"A long duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) is known to be associated with a poorer prognosis and with worse symptomatic and functional outcome. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that early detection and treatment with antipsychotics in the prodromal phase of the illness improves t... | Better outcome can be achieved with early antipsychotic treatment. Patients with long DUP differ from patients who were treated already in the prodromal phase in several outcome measures. | yes |
19,112,418 | Does chronic isolation of adult rats decrease gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in adrenal medulla? | {
"contexts": [
"Isolation of adult animals represents a form of psychsocial stress that produces sympatho-adrenomedullar activation. The aim of this work was to investigate the changes in gene expression and protein levels of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes: tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine-beta-hydroxylas... | We can conclude that psychosocial stress expressed a differential influence on gene expression and protein levels of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in the adrenal medulla of adult rats. The results indicate a possible adaptation of catecholamine-synthesizing system at the level of TH gene expression in adrenal medu... | yes |
19,107,785 | Does fecal calprotectin complement routine laboratory investigations in diagnosing childhood inflammatory bowel disease? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to study fecal calprotectin in Scottish children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and compare its diagnostic accuracy with blood parameters.",
"Stool samples from 48 Scottish children (29 males, 19 females) had calprotectin measured at IBD diagnosis. The median age at diagnosis ... | Calprotectin is significantly more likely to be raised than any commonly employed blood tests at IBD diagnosis. When used in combination with these bloods tests an abnormality was demonstrated in 1 or both tests in all patients at diagnosis in this study. Fecal calprotectin measurement is a significant advance when use... | yes |
19,111,725 | Does zinc replenishment reverse overexpression of the proinflammatory mediator S100A8 and esophageal preneoplasia in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Zinc deficiency is implicated in the pathogenesis of human esophageal cancer. In the rat esophagus, it induces cell proliferation, modulates genetic expression, and enhances carcinogenesis. Zinc-replenishment reverses proliferation and inhibits carcinogenesis. The zinc-deficient rat model allows ... | In vivo zinc regulates S100A8 expression and modulates the link between S100A8-RAGE interaction and downstream nuclear factor kappaBeta/COX-2 signaling. The finding that zinc regulates an inflammatory pathway in esophageal carcinogenesis may lead to prevention and therapy for this cancer. | yes |
19,112,384 | Does trazodone improve the results of cognitive behaviour therapy of primary insomnia in non-depressed patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) of primary insomnia is frequently combined with various pharmacological treatments, including sedative antidepressants. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical efficacy of CBT, singly and combined with trazodone pharmacotherapy, for primary inso... | CBT, singly and combined with the sedative antidepressant trazodone, is effective for the short-term management of chronic primary insomnia. Trazodone combined with CBT significantly increases slow wave sleep duration and this influence seems to be unrelated to its antidepressant effect. | yes |
19,115,333 | Does human beta-defensin-3 promote wound healing in infected diabetic wounds? | {
"contexts": [
"Infected wounds present a major complication in patients with diabetes. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common single isolate in diabetic wounds. Human beta-defensin (hBD)-3 is antimicrobial active and appears to play a key role in the immune response. The present study aimed to analyse the eff... | In the present study, we show that hBD-3 expression significantly promotes wound closure in S. aureus infected diabetic wounds in a preclinical large-animal model. Furthermore, a ten-fold reduction of bacterial growth on day 4 was detected. These findings indicate that beta-defensin-3 may play a major role in diabetic ... | yes |
19,101,571 | Does minocycline prevent Abeta ( 25-35 ) -induced reduction of somatostatin and neprilysin content in rat temporal cortex? | {
"contexts": [
"Tetracyclines have been demonstrated to inhibit formation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregates and to disassemble preformed fibrils. Minocycline, a semi-synthetic second-generation tetracycline, can reverse Abeta-induced impairment of cognitive functions. Since somatostatin is involved in cognition... | Our findings indicate that minocycline prevents the deleterious effects of Abeta(25-35) on SRIF and neprilysin expression in the rat temporal cortex and that it has protective effects per se on these parameters. | yes |
19,095,863 | Is postischemic brain injury attenuated in mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Several beta-adrenergic receptor (betaAR) antagonists have been shown to have neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. However, clenbuterol, a beta(2)AR agonist, was shown to have neuroprotective activity by increasing nerve growth factor expression. We used beta(2)AR knockout mice and ... | Brain injury is reduced and neurological outcome improved after MCAO in mice lacking the beta(2)AR, or in wild type mice pretreated with a selective beta(2)AR antagonist. This is consistent with a shift away from prosurvival signaling to prodeath signaling in the presence of beta(2)AR activation in cerebral ischemia. P... | yes |
19,088,824 | Does [ Overexpression of programmed cell death 5 factor enhance triptolides-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of programmed cell death 5(PDCD5) on apoptosis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes(RA FLS) induced by triptolide.",
"Cultured synovial cells in vitro from RA patients were transfected with Ad-PDCD5.At protein level, expression of PDCD5 in RA FLS infected... | Overexpression of PDCD5 could enhance apoptosis of RA FLS induced by triptolide, PDCD5 may be a potential therapeutic target to RA. | yes |
19,088,823 | Does [ Mucosal administration of altered CII263-272 peptide inhibit collagen-induced arthritis ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effect of mucosal administration of altered collagen II(CII)263-272 peptide (267Q-->A, 270K-->A and 271G-->A) on collagen induced arthritis (CIA), and to explore the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of the altered CII263-272 peptide on CIA.",
"CIA was induced in Lewis rats b... | Mucosal administration of altered CII263-272 peptide could effectively inhibit the progression of CIA. It can decrease the IgG2a subtype of anti-CII antibodies and IFN-gamma, and inhibit Th1 response in vivo. Altered C II263-272 peptide may be therapeutic for RA. | yes |
19,114,000 | Does quantification of SLIT-ROBO transcripts in hepatocellular carcinoma reveal two groups of genes with coordinate expression? | {
"contexts": [
"SLIT-ROBO families of proteins mediate axon pathfinding and their expression is not solely confined to nervous system. Aberrant expression of SLIT-ROBO genes was repeatedly shown in a wide variety of cancers, yet data about their collective behavior in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is missing. H... | The present study is the first in comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of SLIT-ROBO family gene expression in HCC, and suggests that the expression of SLIT-ROBO genes is regulated in hepatocarcinogenesis. Our results implicate that SLIT-ROBO transcription profile is bi-modular in nature, and that each module shows... | yes |
19,114,005 | Does cilengitide induce cellular detachment and apoptosis in endothelial and glioma cells mediated by inhibition of FAK/src/AKT pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"The antiangiogenic agent cilengitide disrupts integrin binding to the extracellular matrix leading to apoptosis of activated endothelial cells. Integrins are also widely expressed in malignant glioma and integrin inhibitors may directly target tumor cells in this disease. Aim of the current study... | Cilengitide inhibits integrin-dependent signaling, causes disassembly of cytoskeleton, cellular detachment and induction of apoptosis in endothelial and glioma cells thereby explaining the profound activity of integrin inhibitors in gliomas. The combination of cilengitide with temozolomide exerted additive effects in g... | yes |
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