pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
16,650,345 | Is low prevalence of depression and anxiety linked to statutory retirement ages rather than personal work exit : a national survey? | {
"contexts": [
"Common mental disorder prevalence decreases substantially around the conventional retirement age for men in the UK, but trends for older women are more continuous. Prevalence changes in depression and anxiety around retirement are less clear, as is the role of risk factors. The aim of this study ... | There is a discontinuity in the prevalence of depressive episode for both men and women, coinciding with statutory retirement ages. No studied risk factor reduced the associations between age group and disorders. This population scale recovery may provide a model for understanding non-genetic factors. | yes |
16,636,979 | Is c-reactive protein a strong independent predictor of death in type 2 diabetes : association with multiple facets of the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been suggested that atherosclerotic vascular disease is a chronic inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a cardiovascular risk marker and predictor of death, as well as its relation to other factors of the metabolic synd... | CRP seems to be a better predictor of death and cardiovascular events than traditional risk factors or parameters of metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients at high risk for cardiovascular endpoints. Additionally, CRP is associated with several facets of the metabolic syndrome. | yes |
16,647,569 | Does trp53 loss during in vitro selection contribute to acquired Ara-C resistance in acute myeloid leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Chemoresistance remains a major clinical obstacle to curative chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to chemotherapeutic agents used in AML are largely unknown. We have attempted to investigate genetic mechanisms causing resistance to Ara-... | These data indicate that Trp53 loss-of-function could partly explain the acquisition of AML chemoresistance, and suggest that PFTalpha could be useful in treatment of relapsed AML. | yes |
16,647,565 | Is the anemia of `` haemoglobin-deficit '' ( hbd/hbd ) mice caused by a defect in transferrin cycling? | {
"contexts": [
"The hemoglobin-deficit mouse mutant (hbd) is characterized by a hypochromic, microcytic anemia that is inherited in an autosomal, recessive manner. The recently identified gene responsible, Sec15l1, is specific to hematopoietic stem cells and is homologous to a gene encoding a member of the exocy... | Our results indicate that heme biosynthesis, DMT1, and the mitochondrial iron handling machinery are all normal in hemoglobin-deficit mice, while transferrin cycling is deficient. Therefore, the product of Sec15l1 is directly involved in vesicular trafficking, docking, fusing, and/or cargo delivery in erythroid precurs... | yes |
16,652,321 | Is directly administered antiretroviral therapy in methadone clinics associated with improved HIV treatment outcomes , compared with outcomes among concurrent comparison groups? | {
"contexts": [
"Directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART) in methadone clinics has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected injection drug users (IDUs).",
"DAART was provided at 3 urban methadone clinics. Eighty-two participants who were initiatin... | These results suggest that methadone clinic-based DAART has the potential to provide substantial clinical benefit for HIV-infected IDUs. | yes |
16,625,458 | Does [ Retrospective analysis of colorectal carcinomas reveal potential for improvement of diagnostic quality ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The histopathological work-up of colorectal cancer is of critical importance for prognosis and therapy. Therefore we retrospectively analyzed all colorectal carcinomas diagnosed at our institution from January 2002 through March 2003.",
"735 of a total of 777 carcinomas could be followed up. ... | Due to retrospective analysis of colorectal cancer specimens we were able to identify potential for improvement of diagnostic quality. Furthermore our data underline the importance of an oncological resection, if a high risk carcinoma has been detected within a polypectomy specimen. | yes |
16,646,963 | Does a genetic dissection of the LlaJI restriction cassette reveal insights on a novel bacteriophage resistance system? | {
"contexts": [
"Restriction/modification systems provide the dual function of protecting host DNA against restriction by methylation of appropriate bases within their recognition sequences, and restriction of foreign invading un-methylated DNA, such as promiscuous plasmids or infecting bacteriphage. The plasmid-... | The hetero-subunit structure of LlaJI, wherein one subunit mediates DNA binding whilst the other subunit is predicted to catalyze strand hydrolysis distinguishes LlaJI from previously characterized restriction-modification systems. Furthermore, this distinction is accentuated by the fact that whilst LlaJI behaves as a ... | yes |
16,646,969 | Is metabolomic database annotations via query of elemental compositions : mass accuracy insufficient even at less than 1 ppm? | {
"contexts": [
"Metabolomic studies are targeted at identifying and quantifying all metabolites in a given biological context. Among the tools used for metabolomic research, mass spectrometry is one of the most powerful tools. However, metabolomics by mass spectrometry always reveals a high number of unknown com... | More than 1.6 million molecular formulae in the range 0-500 Da were generated in an exhaustive manner under strict observation of mathematical and chemical rules. Assuming that ion species are fully resolved (either by chromatography or by high resolution mass spectrometry), we conclude that a mass spectrometer capable... | yes |
16,630,149 | Do mucin genes have different expression patterns in healthy and diseased upper airway mucosa? | {
"contexts": [
"Mucus hyper-secretion is a feature of several airways diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis (CF). Since mucins are major components of mucus, the knowledge of their distribution and regulation in nasal tissues is likely to improve mucus hyper-secretion therapy.",
... | These results suggest that NP have a different pattern of mucin expression than healthy NM and that CF polyps (increased MUC5B) and AC polyps (decreased MUC2) have a different mucin expression pattern than bilateral NP. | yes |
16,641,666 | Does validity of a prescription claim database to estimate medication adherence in older persons? | {
"contexts": [
"Prescription claims data have been used to estimate refill medication adherence through calculations of cumulative medication acquisition (CMA) and cumulative medication gap (CMG) values. Few studies have assessed the validity of these calculated rates.",
"We sought to assess the validity of ... | The high concordance between prescription claims database and pill counts suggested that the rate with which patients refill their medications usually is consistent with the rate they consume them. DPIN is not accurate for nondiscrete dosage forms or medications prescribed for "as-required" use. | yes |
16,631,132 | Does fluoxetine modulate the circadian biological clock via phase advances of suprachiasmatic nucleus neuronal firing? | {
"contexts": [
"The documented ability of serotonin (5-HT) to directly modulate circadian rhythms prompted interest in a similar role for therapeutic agents that readily enhance 5-HT neurotransmission, namely the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).",
"Extracellular recordings of unit firing of s... | Actions of SSRIs at the level of the circadian biological clock add to the list of pharmacological effects for this drug class and encourage speculation as to their importance clinically. | yes |
16,650,418 | Are plasma metastin levels negatively correlated with insulin resistance and free androgens in women with polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to: [1] measure, for the first time, metastin (kisspeptin) levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition associated with hypersecretion of LH and hyperandrogenemia; and [2] investigate the possible correlations between metastin and PCOS-related reprodu... | These results indicate that metastin is negatively associated with free androgen levels. The PCOS-associated insulin resistance and consequent hyperinsulinemia probably contribute to this effect by [1] stimulating androgen synthesis by the polycystic ovary (PCO) and [2] suppressing SHBG production in the liver. | yes |
16,640,785 | Does genistein inhibit radiation-induced activation of NF-kappaB in prostate cancer cells promoting apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest? | {
"contexts": [
"New cancer therapeutic strategies must be investigated that enhance prostate cancer treatment while minimizing associated toxicities. We have previously shown that genistein, the major isoflavone found in soy, enhanced prostate cancer radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we investiga... | A mechanism of increased cell death by genistein and radiation is proposed to occur via inhibition of NF-kappaB, leading to altered expression of regulatory cell cycle proteins such as cyclin B and/or p21WAF1/Cip1, thus promoting G2/M arrest and increased radiosensitivity. These findings support the important and novel... | yes |
16,640,786 | Does lack of p53 function promote radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells? | {
"contexts": [
"We have demonstrated that in some human cancer cells both chronic mild heat and ionizing radiation exposures induce a transient block in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. During this delay, cyclin B1 protein accumulates to supranormal levels, cyclin B1-dependent kinase is activated, and abrogati... | These results are in line with studies reporting the role of p53 as a post-transcriptional regulator of cyclin B1 protein and confirm that dysregulation of cyclin B1 promote radiation-induced MC. These findings might be exploited to design strategies to augment the yield of MC in tumor cells that are resistant to radia... | yes |
16,626,511 | Does antisense oligonucleotides-induced local blockade of T-bet expression lead to airway inflammation in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore whether local blockade of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) expression in the lungs could lead to airway inflammation.",
"Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: saline group, ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized group, nonsense group, and the antisense group. The OVA-sensitiz... | Antisense ODN-induced local blockade of T-bet expression leads to airway inflammation with a selective alteration in patterns of cytokine expression and recruitment of eosinophil cells similar to that in the OVA-sensitized animals. | yes |
16,636,495 | Does heart failure elevate serum levels of cibenzoline in arrhythmic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Cibenzoline dosing is generally based on renal function, but serum concentrations might be greater than the expected therapeutic levels when standard oral dosing is used. Because heart failure might modify cibenzoline pharmacokinetics, the difference in cibenzoline pharmacokinetics between patien... | The selection of a cibenzoline dose based only on renal function may increase the risk of toxicity in patients with heart failure. Cardiac function should be taken into account in cibenzoline dosing. The log-BNP may be a useful index for predicting serum cibenzoline concentrations. | yes |
16,636,497 | Is p-selectin expression , but not GPIIb/IIIa activation , enhanced in the inflammatory stage of Takayasu 's arteritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammation and thrombosis are closely related processes, but the association between disease activity and thrombogenicity in Takayasu's arteritis (TA) is poorly understood. To investigate the link between platelet activation and disease activity, flow cytometric analyses of platelet P-selectin ... | P-selectin expression, but not activated GPIIb/IIIa, is enhanced in ADP-activated platelets from patients in the inflammatory stage of TA. P-selectin may play a significant role in the inflammatory and thrombotic responses associated with intractable TA, presumably by inducing platelet-leukocyte interactions. | yes |
16,638,699 | Is obesity the only independent factor associated with ultrasound-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease : a cross-sectional case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"There is increasing interest in ultrasound-diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the ambulatory care setting. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and metabolic features of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD.",
"Fifty ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD patients who had not con... | Our data suggest that NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasound is associated with hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose, silent myocardial ischemic pattern of ECG, obesity, and abnormal liver tests in adults. Among these factors, obesity was the only independent factor associated with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD. | yes |
16,635,626 | Does subjective visual vertical perception relate to balance in acute stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether misperception of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) underlies balance difficulties in hemiplegic patients.",
"Descriptive study, using a convenience sample.",
"Department of physical medicine of a university hospital.",
"Thirty inpatients with hemiplegia after a... | Verticality misperception was related to poor balance and might be an important element in the assessment of contributing factors to balance disorders after stroke. It should probably be taken into account when establishing balance rehabilitation programs for patients with hemiplegia. | yes |
16,638,717 | Does treatment of mice with stem bark extract of Aphanamixis polystachya reduce radiation-induced chromosome damage? | {
"contexts": [
"Normal tissue radiosensitivity is the major limiting factor in radiotherapy of cancer. The use of phytochemicals may reduce the adverse effects of radiation in normal tissue. The effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Aphanamixis polystachya (EAP) was investigated on the radiation-induced chromosome... | Our study demonstrates that EAP protects mouse bone marrow cells against radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations and this reduction in radiation-induced chromosome damage may be due to free radical scavenging and reduction in lipid peroxidation. The radioprotection by EAP is best comparable to that of protection demo... | yes |
16,638,713 | Do the NK1.1+T cells alive in irradiated mice play an important role in a Th1/Th2 balance? | {
"contexts": [
"Ionizing radiation is known to reduce the helper T (Th) 1 like function, resulting in a Th1/Th2 imbalance. We studied whether NK1.1+T cells which were the most resistant against gamma-irradiation impact on the imbalanced immune response after irradiation.",
"C57BL/6 mice received a whole-body... | Our findings revealed that NK1.1+T cells that survive at an early stage after irradiation play an important role in the balance of the immune responses at a late stage after irradiation. | yes |
16,645,013 | Do free fatty acids decrease circulating ghrelin concentrations in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Concentrations of the orexigenic peptide ghrelin is affected by a number of hormones, which also affect circulating levels of free fatty acids (FFAs). The present study was therefore designed to determine the direct effect of FFAs on circulating ghrelin.",
"Eight lean, healthy men were examin... | FFA exposure between 0 and 1 mmol/l significantly suppresses ghrelin levels independent of ambient GH and insulin levels. | yes |
16,624,690 | Does aldosterone antagonism improve endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation in heart failure via upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase production? | {
"contexts": [
"Altering the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system improve mortality in heart failure (HF) in part through an improvement in nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelial function. This study examined if spironolactone affects endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NO-mediated vasorelaxation in HF.... | Spironolactone prevents the decrease in eNOS in the LV and aorta and improves NO-dependent vasorelaxation, suggesting that one potential mechanism of spironolactone is an improvement in vasoreactivity mediated though an increase in NO. | yes |
16,625,125 | Is duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the prevalence and impact on mortality of delays in initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy from initial onset of recurrent/persistent hypotension of septic shock.",
"A retrospective cohort study performed between July 1989 and June 2004.",
"Fourteen intensive care unit... | Effective antimicrobial administration within the first hour of documented hypotension was associated with increased survival to hospital discharge in adult patients with septic shock. Despite a progressive increase in mortality rate with increasing delays, only 50% of septic shock patients received effective antimicro... | yes |
16,642,667 | Do surfactant lung lavage using asymmetric high-frequency jet ventilation followed by conventional ventilation in rabbits with meconium aspiration? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe impairment of lung functions in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) often needs the application of combined therapeutic approach. In our recent study, surfactant lung lavage during asymmetric high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) removed more meconium than surfactant lavage during conventio... | Surfactant lung lavage by asymmetric HFJV followed by conventional ventilation is advantageous combination in rabbits with MAS and may be tested in neonatal MAS (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 12). | yes |
16,642,666 | Does dual inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase produce effective blood pressure control in spontaneously hypertensive rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The synergistic effects of the combined ACE and NEP inhibition is based both on the blockade of angiotensin II synthesis and degradation of vasoactive peptides and NEP substrates (ANP, arginine, endothelial cells, guanylat cyclase etc.), including bradykinine and the natriuretic peptides, which c... | Two-week treatment with the dual ACE/NEP inhibitor omapatrilat caused a significant decrease of the SBP, inhibition of the serum ACE activity and increase of the plasma ANP values, and therefore it should be considered as a new potential therapeutic agent in blood pressure management (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 20). | yes |
16,631,011 | Is human degenerative valve disease associated with up-regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 receptor-mediated bone formation? | {
"contexts": [
"The goal of this research was to define the cellular mechanisms involved in myxomatous mitral valve disease and calcific aortic valve disease and to redefine the term degenerative valve disease in terms of an active cellular biology.",
"\"Degenerative\" valvular heart disease is the primary c... | The mechanism of valvular heart disease involves an endochondral bone process that is expressed as cartilage in the mitral valves and bone in the aortic valves. Up-regulation of the Lrp5 pathway may play a role in the mechanism for valvular heart disease. | yes |
16,650,832 | Does latent class analysis show strong heritability of the child behavior checklist-juvenile bipolar phenotype? | {
"contexts": [
"The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) has been used to provide a quantitative description of childhood bipolar disorder (BPAD). Many have reported that children in the clinical range on the Attention Problems (AP), Aggressive Behavior (AGG), and Anxious-Depressed (A/D) syndromes simultaneously are ... | In a general population sample, LCA identifies a CBCL-JBD phenotype latent class that is associated with high rates of suicidality, is highly heritable, and speaks to the comorbidity between attention problems, aggressive behavior, and anxious/depression in children. | yes |
16,650,831 | Does ketamine dose-dependently induce high-frequency oscillations in the nucleus accumbens in freely moving rats? | {
"contexts": [
"In humans, subanesthetic doses of ketamine and recovery from ketamine anesthesia are associated with psychotic-like behavior. In rodents, ketamine produces hyperactivity, stereotypies, and abnormal social interaction used to model certain features of schizophrenia. Increasing evidence has implica... | We propose that ketamine-induced abnormal increases in HFO form part of the complex neurological changes in this model of schizophrenia. Ketamine-induced increases in HFO, although sharing similar temporal dynamics to hyperactivity, may not be functionally related to increased movement. | yes |
16,645,360 | Does cardiac imaging improve risk stratification in high-risk patients undergoing surgical revascularization? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction, multivessel disease and dominance of necrotic myocardium, perioperative mortality due to coronary artery bypass grafting is still a rather unclear issue. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of different imaging variables in pred... | In high-risk patients, the extension of scintigraphic myocardial scar has a significant impact on perioperative mortality. For similar values of ejection fraction at rest, additional imaging variables, such as echocardiographic end-diastolic diameter and wall motion score index, may contribute to select those patients ... | yes |
16,630,939 | Is prenatal farm exposure related to the expression of receptors of the innate immunity and to atopic sensitization in school-age children? | {
"contexts": [
"There is increasing evidence that environmental exposures determining childhood illnesses operate early in life. Prenatal exposure to a farming environment through the mother might also play an important role.",
"We sought to investigate the role of maternal exposures to environments rich in ... | Maternal exposure to an environment rich in microbial compounds might protect against the development of atopic sensitization and lead to upregulation of receptors of the innate immune system. The underlying mechanisms potentially operating through the intrauterine milieu or epigenetic inheritance await further elucida... | yes |
16,651,219 | Does disc arthroplasty design influence intervertebral kinematics and facet forces? | {
"contexts": [
"Total disc replacement is a novel approach for dynamically stabilizing a painful intervertebral segment. While this approach is gaining popularity, and several types of implants are used, the effect of disc arthroplasty on lumbar biomechanics has not been widely reported. Consequently, beneficial... | The degree of constraint affects post-implantation kinematics and load transfer. With the Prodisc (3 DOF), the facets were partially unloaded, though the IAR did not match the fixed geometrical center of the UHMWPE. The latter observation suggests joint surface incongruence is developed during movement. With the Charit... | yes |
16,629,643 | Is pDC-E3BP a dominant T-cell autoantigen in primary biliary cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Autoantibody responses reactive with the E2 and E3BP components of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), which characterise primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) crossreact, precluding the identification, from serological studies, of the antigen to which the principal breakdown of tolerance occurs. Alt... | Despite the presence of antibodies reactive with PDC-E3BP in the majority of PBC patients this self-protein is not a dominant T-cell autoantigen in PBC. | no |
16,637,797 | Does 5-year evaluation of electronic medical record flag alert for patients warranting secondary prevention of coronary heart disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effect of flag alerts that were placed in electronic medical records on patients' adherence with National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) guidelines for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. A secondary objective was to identify the proportion of patients who were pre... | These findings emphasize the need for regular evaluation of patients' lipid panels followed by appropriate therapy titration to reach LDL goals. Further study of factors influencing cholesterol management and methods to improve adherence is needed. | yes |
16,645,441 | Are fresh blood and aged stored blood equally efficacious in immediately reversing anemia-induced brain oxygenation deficits in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Erythrocytes are transfused to treat or prevent imminent inadequate tissue oxygenation. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration decreases and oxygen affinity of hemoglobin increases (P50 decreases) with blood storage, leading some to propose that erythrocytes stored for 14 or more days do not releas... | Erythrocytes stored for 3 weeks are as efficacious as are erythrocytes stored for 3.5 h in reversing the neurocognitive deficit of acute anemia. Requiring fresh rather than stored erythrocytes for augmentation of oxygen delivery does not seem warranted. | yes |
16,645,445 | Does mild hypercapnia increase subcutaneous and colonic oxygen tension in patients given 80 % inspired oxygen during abdominal surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Supplemental perioperative oxygen increases tissue oxygen tension and decreases incidence of wound infection in colorectal surgery patients. Mild intraoperative hypercapnia also increases subcutaneous tissue oxygen tension. However, the effect of hypercapnia in patients already receiving suppleme... | During supplemental oxygen administration, mild intraoperative hypercapnia increased tissue oxygen tension in the arm and colon. Previous work suggests that improved tissue oxygenation will reduce infection risk via the proposed pathomechanism, although only an outcome study can confirm this. | yes |
16,644,176 | Is radiological review of specimen radiographs after breast localisation biopsy always necessary? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of specimen radiographs to confirm the presence of the radiological abnormality in a breast specimen after localisation biopsy is standard practice. This study aims to show that a trained surgeon may assess breast specimen radiographs with similar efficacy as a radiologist.",
"This re... | This study shows that a suitably trained or experienced surgeon can assess specimen radiographs effectively without the need for intraoperative radiological input although complete histological resection is not guaranteed despite specimen radiographs demonstrating clear margins. | no |
16,627,364 | Does mast cell degranulation alter lymphatic contractile activity through action of histamine? | {
"contexts": [
"Mast cells reside in most tissues and in close association with blood vessels and nerves, areas where lymphatic vessels are also present. Mast cells and lymphatic vessels are two important players in the development of the inflammatory process. This study was designed to examine the effects of ma... | In the in vitro mesenteric preparation, mast cell degranulation altered lymphatic contractile activity via the release of a mediator suggested to be histamine and the subsequent activation of H1 receptors. This action could potentially interfere with the expected ability of lymphatic vessels to reduce edema during infl... | yes |
16,627,368 | Do perivascular cells along venules upregulate NG2 expression during microvascular remodeling? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently the authors have shown that neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG2) is expressed by perivascular cells along arterioles and capillaries, but not along venules in quiescent rat mesenteric microvascular networks. To investigate how the spatial distribution of this proteoglycan changes during microvas... | The results suggest that NG2 proteoglycan expression is transiently upregulated along venules during microvascular remodeling, implicating NG2 as a marker of activated venules. | yes |
16,640,814 | Does cyclophosphamide mobilization improve outcome in patients receiving stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with multiple myeloma who undergo autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and exhibit a complete response (CR) have a superior overall survival and time to progression (TTP). High-dose cyclophosphamide is often used before ASCT for mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells. We hypothe... | We conclude that high-dose cyclophosphamide does not increase overall CR rates or improve TTP for patients with myeloma undergoing ASCT. | no |
16,647,341 | Is derangement of the E-cadherin/catenin complex involved in transformation of differentiated to anaplastic thyroid carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Anaplastic thyroid cancer arises, or transforms, from pre-existing differentiated thyroid cancer. E-cadherin functions as a cell-cell adhesion molecule that complexes with catenin proteins for function. The objective of this study was to evaluate the change in E-cadherin/beta-catenin expression i... | This report shows that derangement of the E-cadherin/catenin complex is associated with the transformation of differentiated into anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. | yes |
16,630,084 | Do triggers of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia differ among patients with varying etiologies of left ventricular dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanisms underlying the initiation of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) have not been fully elucidated. The extent to which reentry, abnormal automaticity, and triggered activity play a role in VT differs depending on the etiology of left ventricular dysfunction. By analyzing electrogr... | VPBs initiated most sustained VT episodes. A significantly higher prematurity ratio was observed in the ischemic heart disease group. This may represent different mechanisms of VT initiation in patients with ischemic versus nonischemic heart disease. | yes |
16,651,327 | Does azithromycin cure pityriasis rosea? | {
"contexts": [
"Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a common skin disorder in children. Its cause is unknown. A recent publication reported a 73% cure rate in patients with PR after treatment with erythromycin. To duplicate this result using a drug with fewer adverse effects and greater biological half-life, we set out to ... | Azithromycin does not cure PR. | no |
16,635,410 | Does effect of ecoimmunonutrition support on maintenance of integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier in severe acute pancreatitis in dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the major causes of death in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is severe infection owing to bacterial translocation. Some clinical studies suggested that ecoimmunonutrition (EIN) as a new strategy had better treatment effect on SAP patients. But the experiment studies on the precise mechanis... | Our results suggested that EIN could maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier and reducing the incidence of bacterial translocation in SAP dogs. Early EIN was safe and more effective treatment for SAP dogs. | yes |
16,647,570 | Does human herpesvirus 6 impair differentiation of monocytes to dendritic cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles in the immune response against infections and malignancies. Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infects monocytes and is reactivated in immunodeficient patients. To clarify the mechanisms of HHV-6-induced immunodeficiency, we investigated the ef... | HHV-6 infection induces immunodeficiency via impaired differentiation of DCs. These results present a new concept for the pathogenesis of HHV-6-induced immunodeficiency. | yes |
16,645,298 | Does footwear characteristics and risk of indoor and outdoor fall in older people? | {
"contexts": [
"Footwear characteristics have been shown to influence balance in older people; however, the relationship between footwear and falls is unclear.",
"To determine the relationships between footwear characteristics and the risk of indoor and outdoor falls in older people.",
"Footwear characte... | Footwear characteristics were not significantly associated with falls either inside or outside the home. Risk of falling indoors was associated with going barefoot or wearing socks. Older people at risk of falling should therefore be advised to wear shoes indoors where possible. | yes |
16,627,541 | Is childhood onset arthritis associated with an increased risk of fracture : a population based study using the General Practice Research Database? | {
"contexts": [
"Childhood onset arthritis is associated with low bone mass and strength.",
"To determine whether childhood onset arthritis is associated with greater fracture risk.",
"In a retrospective cohort study all subjects with onset of arthritis between 1 and 19 years of age in the United Kingdom ... | Childhood onset arthritis is associated with a clinically significant increased risk of fracture in children, adolescents and, possibly, adults. Studies are urgently needed to characterise the determinants of structural bone abnormalities in childhood arthritis and devise prevention and treatment strategies. | yes |
16,627,543 | Does pretreatment macrophage infiltration of the synovium predict the clinical effect of both radiation synovectomy and intra-articular glucocorticoids? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore whether pretreatment features of synovial tissue in patients with gonarthritis could predict the clinical effect of radiation synovectomy with yttrium-90 (90Y) and glucocorticoids or with intra-articular glucocorticoids alone.",
"A synovial biopsy was carried out blindly 2 weeks be... | The observations support the view that intra-articular treatment either with 90Y and glucocorticoids or with glucocorticoids alone is especially successful in patients with marked synovial inflammation. | yes |
16,640,681 | Does whitening effect of salicylic acid peel in Asian patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with skin of color demand treatment modality suitable for their skin. Salicylic acid peel has effectiveness for both of acne and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation that are common in patients with skin of color.",
"To assess the whitening effect of salicylic acid peels in Asian patie... | Salicylic acid peels are beneficial in whitening the face of Asian patients with acne. The whitening effect would be an important factor in choosing the superficial peeling agent for them. | yes |
16,640,683 | Do successful treatment of earlobe keloids with imiquimod after tangential shave excision? | {
"contexts": [
"The treatment of earlobe keloids has historically been suboptimal; characterized by discomfort, poor response, and high rates of recurrence. Keloids are characterized by increased fibroblast activity in the setting of an altered cytokine profile.",
"To investigate whether topical imiquimod 5%... | In this pilot study, imiquimod 5% cream following tangential shave excision was efficacious for the treatment of earlobe keloids. Further study is warranted to confirm the utility of imiquimod 5% cream in the treatment of earlobe keloids, as illustrated herein. | yes |
16,641,552 | Does inhibition of Akt/PKB by a COX-2 inhibitor induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 has been proposed to be a potential mechanism for the chemoprevention of gastrointestinal tumors by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This study investigates the mechanisms by which the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor SC236 induces apoptosis of gastric cancer cell li... | One of the pathways involved in SC-236-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells is through downregulation of Akt and then release of cytochrome c. | yes |
16,646,024 | Do intraarticular corticosteroids decrease synovial RANKL expression in inflammatory arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraarticular corticosteroids are frequently used as successful adjuvant therapy for inflammatory arthritides, but little is known about their effects on molecules that regulate bone biology. We undertook this study to investigate the effect of intraarticular corticosteroids on the synovial expr... | The decrease in inflammation attributed to intraarticular corticosteroids is accompanied by down-modulation of bone destruction markers. These findings offer a rationale for the beneficial effect of corticosteroids on joint erosion in arthritis. | yes |
16,632,143 | Is high anxiety associated with an increased risk of death in an older tri-ethnic population? | {
"contexts": [
"The health consequences of anxiety in late life have not been adequately investigated. We sought to examine the association between anxiety and death in an older tri-ethnic population.",
"A longitudinal population-based study of 506 older noninstitutionalized non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic... | There is a high prevalence of anxiety in late life. Our results indicate an association between anxiety and increased risk of death in persons aged 75 and older. | yes |
16,631,128 | Do acute stress and nicotine cues interact to unveil locomotor arousal and activity-dependent gene expression in the prefrontal cortex? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines the interactive effects of acute stress and nicotine-associated contextual cues on locomotor activity and activity-dependent gene expression in subregions of the prefrontal cortex.",
"Locomotor activity of rats was measured in a context associated with either low-dose nico... | Stress interacts with nicotine-associated cues to uncover locomotor arousal, a state associated with prefrontal neuronal activation and immediate early gene expression. Thus, in nicotine-experienced individuals, stress may be an important determinant of subjective reactivity and prefrontal cortex activation that occurs... | yes |
16,631,127 | Does the benzodiazepine alprazolam dissociate contextual fear from cued fear in humans as assessed by fear-potentiated startle? | {
"contexts": [
"The startle reflex is potentiated by aversive states. It has been proposed that phasic startle potentiation to a threat cue and sustained startle potentiation to contextual stimuli reflect distinct processes mediated by different brain structures. The present study tested the hypothesis that alpr... | Startle responses to an explicit threat cue and to an aversive context are psychopharmacologically distinct, suggesting that they may represent functionally dissociable aversive states. | yes |
16,630,294 | Is reduced syndecan-1 expression correlated with the histological grade of malignancy at the deep invasive front in oral squamous cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Although many histopathological characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma (O-SCC) have been identified as prognostic factors, no factor is completely accurate and unequivocal. This study evaluated the association between the loss of syndecan-1 expression and the histological grade of malign... | This study demonstrated that the reduced expression of syndecan-1 seems to be a useful marker of histological malignancy at the deep tumor invasive front and may be a useful prognostic factor in O-SCC. | yes |
16,645,020 | Is an alternative spliced variant of circulating soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor-2 paradoxically associated with insulin action? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) receptor 2 (sTNFR2) are associated with insulin resistance. In a recent study, we provided evidence for the existence of a biologically active form of sTNFR2 produced by alternative splicing (DS-TNFR2). We aimed to evaluate w... | Native sTNFR2 and DS-TNFR2 show opposite associations with insulin action. DS-TNFR2 might play a role as a counterpart of the proinflammatory environment associated with insulin resistance. | yes |
16,640,778 | Does a modular interface of IL-4 allow for scalable affinity without affecting specificity for the IL-4 receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin 4 (IL-4) is a key regulator of the immune system and an important factor in the development of allergic hypersensitivity. Together with interleukin 13 (IL-13), IL-4 plays an important role in exacerbating allergic and asthmatic symptoms. For signal transduction, both cytokines can uti... | The modular architecture of the IL-4-IL-4Ralpha interface suggests a possible mechanism by which proteins might be able to generate binding affinity and specificity independently. So far, affinity and specificity are often considered to co-vary, i.e. high specificity requires high affinity and vice versa. Although the ... | yes |
16,643,488 | Is incidental acute prostatic inflammation associated with a lower percentage of free prostate-specific antigen than other benign conditions of the prostate : a prospective screening study? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the performance of percentage free/total prostate-specific antigen (f/tPSA) as a screening tool for prostate cancer, and to assess the impact of prostatic inflammation on f/tPSA.",
"Men aged 50-65 years were invited for prostate cancer screening. Biopsies were taken from men with ... | In this prospectively screened cohort of men, there was a high incidence of asymptomatic inflammation on prostatic histology; f/tPSA values were significantly lower in men with acute inflammation. This might explain the variability of f/tPSA in improving specificity when used as a screening tool for prostate cancer, an... | yes |
16,636,489 | Does prophylactic hemodialysis prevent contrast-induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization in patients with chronic renal insufficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"In Japan, prophylactic hemodialysis has been considered useful for preventing contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).",
"To assess whether hemodialysis prevented CIN, 391 patients (age: 69 +/- 8 years, 63 females) with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI, serum creatinine level (Scr) > or = 1.3 mg/d... | Prophylactic hemodialysis for CRI patients undergoing cardiac catheterization does not prevent CIN. | no |
16,635,631 | Does exercise training during hemodialysis improve dialysis efficacy and physical performance? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the impact of a 20-week intradialytic exercise program, consisting of 60 minutes of cumulative duration, low-intensity exercise during the first 2 hours of dialysis, on dialysis efficacy, physical performance, and quality of life in self-care hemodialysis (HD) patients.",
"One-gr... | A low-intensity intradialytic exercise program is a viable adjunctive therapy, which improves HD efficacy and physical function in HD patients. | yes |
16,635,637 | Is symptom change with exercise a temporary phenomenon for people with multiple sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the impact of a single exercise session on function, fatigue, and sensory symptoms for people with multiple sclerosis (MS).",
"This pilot study was designed as a before-after trial. Demographic and response-to-exercise measures were taken before exercise, repeated immediately aft... | This small study found that when people with MS undertake exercise at a commencement level, they can expect that sensory symptoms may change temporarily, but they are unlikely to have any deleterious changes in fatigue and function. | yes |
16,643,618 | Is robotic urological surgery in patients with prior abdominal operations associated with increased complications? | {
"contexts": [
"The da Vinci Surgical Robotic System is being increasingly used to perform complex urological operations by minimally invasive techniques. Prior abdominal surgery associated with intra-abdominal adhesions may complicate robotic surgery.",
"We used a cohort of consecutive 49 patients undergoin... | Our study demonstrates that robotic urological surgery can be performed in patients with prior abdominal surgery without increased perioperative complications. | no |
16,639,008 | Does noladin ether act on trabecular meshwork cannabinoid ( CB1 ) receptors to enhance aqueous humor outflow facility? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effects of 2-arachidonyl glyceryl ether (noladin ether), an endocannabinoid ligand selective for cannabinoid (CB)1 receptor, on aqueous humor outflow facility, to investigate the involvement of trabecular meshwork CB1 receptors and the p42/44 MAP kinase signaling pathway and to explo... | The results demonstrate for the first time that administration of noladin ether, an endocannabinoid agonist selective for the CB1 receptor, increases aqueous humor outflow facility. The data also show that noladin ether-induced enhancement of outflow facility is mediated through the trabecular meshwork CB1 receptor, wi... | yes |
16,633,049 | Does cC-type chemokine receptor 5-Delta32 mutation protect against primary sclerosing cholangitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and characterized by fibrosing inflammatory destruction of biliary ducts. The pathogenesis of PSC remains unknown, but immunological, bacterial, viral, and toxic factors play a role in a genetically ... | Because an intact CCR5 receptor is needed for internalization of specific pathogens and homing of memory T lymphocytes to the liver, we hypothesize that a deficient expression of this receptor resulting from the CCR5-Delta32 variant may protect against PSC. | yes |
16,632,556 | Is hypercholesterolaemia associated with early atherosclerotic lesions in primary biliary cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypercholesterolaemia often occurs in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) as a result of chronic cholestasis, but whether these patients are exposed to greater cardiovascular risk is unknown.",
"To establish whether hypercholesterolaemia is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in PBC.",
... | Hypercholesterolaemia is not consistently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in PBC, but should be treated if other risk factors for cardiovascular disease are also present. The search for factors that may protect patients with hypercholesterolaemic PBC against atherosclerosis should be encouraged. | no |
16,649,094 | Does levodopa availability improve with progression of Parkinson 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous pharmacokinetic trials with standard levodopa formulations showed a different behaviour of levodopa degradation in plasma of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in various stages.",
"To investigate associations between levodopa plasma levels in relation to the scored intensity of ... | Levodopa availability improves with progression of PD. This may result from deteriorated peripheral activity of levodopa metabolising enzymes or an increasing enteric dysfunction with subsequent better duodenal levodopa absorption or both. | yes |
16,630,992 | Is a common polymorphism in the complement factor H gene associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction : the Rotterdam Study? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to investigate the association between a common polymorphism (Tyr402His, rs1061170) in the complement factor H (CFH) gene and risk of coronary heart disease.",
"The evidence that inflammation is an important mechanism in atherogenesis is growing. C-reactive protein (CR... | Our data suggest that the CFH gene determines susceptibility to myocardial infarction. This finding underscores the importance of the alternative complement system in cardiovascular disease. | yes |
16,649,117 | Does preoperative anal manometry predict continence after perineal proctectomy for rectal prolapse? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines whether preoperative anal manometry and pudendal nerve terminal motor latency predict functional outcome after perineal proctectomy for rectal prolapse.",
"All adult patients treated by perineal proctectomy for rectal prolapse from 1995 to 2004 were identified (N = 106). F... | Perineal proctectomy provides relief from rectal prolapse, with good intermediate term results. Preoperative anal manometry can predict fecal continence rates after proctectomy, because patients with maximal squeeze pressures >60 mmHg have significantly improved outcomes. | yes |
16,650,149 | Does routine tail suspension husbandry facilitate onset of seizure susceptibility in EL mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Tail suspension can elicit seizures in susceptible EL mice, a model of idiopathic, multifactorial epilepsy. Further, repeated tail suspension hastens the lifetime onset of seizure susceptibility in these mice. The present study tested the hypothesis that curtailing human handling during developme... | Although it was already known that repeated tail suspension could speed the onset of seizure susceptibility in EL mice, the present results are the first to demonstrate the converse finding that decreasing routine human handling can delay significantly the onset of seizure susceptibility. This suggests that removal of ... | yes |
16,635,208 | Are igG-antiphospholipid antibodies in follicular fluid of IVF-ET patients related to low fertilization rate of their oocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failures show an increased incidence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in their blood. The physiological manifestations of aPL in this patient group are nonetheless controversial. Pathological effects of aPL on embryos in ... | The presence of IgG aPL in FFs and increased infertility length were significantly related to lower fertilization rates, independently. Follicular fluid IgG aPL appears as a risk factor in association with successful IVF-ET outcomes. | yes |
16,638,855 | Is weak expression of focal adhesion kinase ( pp125FAK ) in patients with cervical cancer associated with poor disease outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"The pp125 focal adhesion kinase (FAK) plays a pivotal role in tumor cell signaling. FAK expression has been linked to tumor cell invasion and metastasis, but data on cervical cancer are inconclusive. Our goal was to investigate FAK expression in cervical cancer and to assess whether its expressio... | Weak expression of FAK in invasive cervical cancer is a strong independent predictor of poor patient outcome. Further studies are warranted to elucidate whether FAK expression analysis is a suitable tool identifying patients at high risk even at an early clinical stage. | yes |
16,638,039 | Is activin-A secretion increased in the eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Activin is a well-characterised growth and differentiation factor and an important inflammatory mediator. Activin is secreted by normal endometrial glands and stroma and is expressed by endometrial leucocytes. It is also known that the eutopic endometrium from women with endometriosis is function... | The expression of inhibin/activin subunits in eutopic endometrium is altered in women with endometriosis, leading to higher levels of activin-A secretion by both glandular cells and stromal cells. | yes |
16,649,970 | Does the PPAR-gamma activator rosiglitazone fail to lower plasma ACTH levels in patients with Nelson 's syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)- gamma are expressed abundantly in ACTH-secreting pituitary tumours. The PPAR-gamma activator rosiglitazone has been shown to suppress ACTH secretion in human adrenocorticotroph tumour cells in vitro, and prevent and reduce adrenocorticotroph tu... | This study showed no effect of rosiglitazone treatment at maximum approved doses in lowering plasma ACTH levels in patients post bilateral adrenalectomy for Cushing's disease. | yes |
16,634,748 | Are hyperhomocysteinemia and low B vitamin levels independently associated with venous thromboembolism : results from the EDITH study : a hospital-based case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"Moderate hyperhomocysteinemia and B vitamins deficiency are thought to be risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The causality and independence of those associations are still questioned.",
"We measured fasting serum total homocysteine, folates, and vitamin B12 levels as well as 5,10-... | The current data provides further knowledge in the complex relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia, low vitamin levels, and VTE. | yes |
16,649,888 | Do passive leg movements and passive cycling alter arterial leg blood flow in subjects with spinal cord injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Subjects with a spinal cord injury (SCI) are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease-related secondary complications, such as pressure ulcers and attenuated wound healing. It has been suggested that passive exercise enhances blood flow via mechanical pump effects or reflex activation. The pu... | The results of the study demonstrate that passive leg movements and passive cycling do not alter the arterial peripheral circulation in subjects with SCI or control subjects. Although the results do not support the use of passive movements or exercise for the prevention of cardiovascular disease-related secondary compl... | no |
16,634,348 | Does [ Vitamin C decrease MMP-9 synthesis induced by hydrogen peroxide in an in vitro chorioamniotic membrane model ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the hydrogen peroxide ability to induce the synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in an in vitro chorioamniotic membrane model.",
"An experimental, transversal, analytic and prospective study was made. From amniotic membranes (n = 13) of term labour pregnant women chorio... | Hydrogen peroxide induced the synthesis of metalloproteinase-9 in chorionic and chorioamniotic membranes. When chorionic and chorioamniotic membranes were cultured with vitamin C, 48 hours prior to peroxide hydrogen stimulus, the metalloproteinase-9 production diminished with statistical significance. | yes |
16,634,341 | Does intrathecal baclofen therapy improve functional intelligibility of speech in cerebral palsy? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effect of intrathecal baclofen on spastic dysarthia in cerebral palsy.",
"Single case study.",
"Functional outcome measures, including the Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech, were performed before and after a trial of intrathecal baclofen in an adult patient ... | Intrathecal baclofen improved functional intelligibility of speech in a carefully selected subject. The Assessment of Intelligibility of Dysarthric Speech was found to be a useful quantitative tool to assess the effect of intrathecal baclofen on spastic dysarthria. | yes |
16,638,916 | Does type of preexisting lipid therapy predict LDL-C response to ezetimibe? | {
"contexts": [
"Ezetimibe as monotherapy or in combination with statins effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, there are few reports of ezetimibe's effect when added to ongoing non-statin lipid-lowering drugs or combination lipid-lowering therapy.",
"To evaluate the impact o... | Ezetimibe's LDL-C-lowering effects are most pronounced when added to preexisting combination lipid therapy. It appears to be more effective when added to statin therapy compared with other lipid-lowering therapies. | yes |
16,648,815 | Does aCTH-cortisol activity during the 17beta-estradiol and LH preovulatory surge of the menstrual cycle? | {
"contexts": [
"A strong positive coupling has been already documented between the adrenocortical axis and the gonadal axis at the time of the initiation of the preovulatory LH surge of the menstrual cycle in the human. The LH preovulatory surge starts in the morning at the time of the acrophase (maximal plasma ... | Overall, these results suggest that the positive ACTH-Cortisol-Estrogen dependency, well documented in the female rat, is also operating at midcycle during the menstrual cycle in the human. | yes |
16,640,741 | Does traditional risk factor assessment capture the extent of cardiovascular risk in systemic lupus erythematosus? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. However, the degree of endothelial dysfunction and its relationship to traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors have not been examined in SLE.",
"In a case-control design, 35 patients with clinically s... | Impaired endothelial function as shown by decreased SAE, and an adverse profile of novel proatherogenic and prothrombotic vascular disease risk factors were prevalent in clinically quiescent SLE. These findings show the vulnerability of patients with SLE for atherosclerosis, and emphasize that assessments based on trad... | no |
16,627,554 | Is intensive treatment of risk factors in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with improvement of endothelial function coupled with a reduction in the levels of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine and endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelium is a major organ involved in hyperglycaemia and is affected by plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). ADMA is an endogenous, competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase and is induced by inflammatory cytokines of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in vitro. We hypothes... | The intensive correction of hyperglycaemia is associated with the improvement of endothelial function, which is coupled with the decrease in the levels of reduction of plasma TNF-alpha and ADMA in patients with type-2 DM. A strict glycaemic control may exert anti-cytokine and anti-atherogenic effects and may therefore ... | yes |
16,646,039 | Is hyaluronan molecular reflection by synovial lining concentration dependent and reduced in dilute effusions in a rabbit model? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyaluronan (HA) has a major role in regulating synovial fluid volume. This role depends on the synovium functioning as an ultrafilter that reflects HA during trans-synovial fluid drainage. Reflection boosts the HA concentration on the membrane surface, leading to osmotic retention of synovial flu... | Chain-chain interaction at >C* increases effective molecular domain size and hence HA reflection, promoting effective conservation of synovial fluid in normal joints. HA can fall below C* (approximately 1 mg/ml) in arthritic effusions, promoting loss of HA. The attendant failure of outflow buffering facilitates fluid e... | yes |
16,630,161 | Is the alpha4bbeta7-integrin dynamically expressed on murine eosinophils and involved in eosinophil trafficking to the intestine? | {
"contexts": [
"Of the numerous adhesion molecules expressed by eosinophils, the alpha4-integrin has been identified as critically involved in eosinophil trafficking in the lung. Most studies have focused on the role of the alpha4beta1-adhesion complex, but eosinophils also express the alpha4beta7-integrin compl... | Taken together, these results identify differential expression of the alpha4beta7-integrin on eosinophils and its critical role in regulating eosinophil responses in the intestine. | yes |
16,630,160 | Are in contrast to specific B cells , human basophils unaffected by the toxic activity of an allergen toxin due to lack of internalization of immunoglobulin E-bound allergen? | {
"contexts": [
"Specific immunotherapy is the only curative therapy for type I allergies and the alarming increase in allergy prevalence emphasizes the need for additional/alternative strategies for curative treatment. Allergen toxins (AT), fusion products of an allergen with an apoptosis inducing cytotoxin, are... | According to our data, basophils are pure effector cells in the context of IgE-bound allergen and not involved in classical antigen presentation. | yes |
16,636,607 | Does mMP-9 in serum correlate with the development of pulmonary complications in experimental acute pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The prediction of the course of acute pancreatitis and its arising complications is of clinical importance. The aim of this study was to judge the time course and relevance of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a PMN-derived protease, for the development of pulmonary complications in two models ... | MMP-9 in serum allows a valid grouping to severe and mild courses of experimental acute pancreatitis with a good predictive value for the development of pulmonary complications. MMP-9 should be evaluated as a valid single marker for the prediction of progression and the development of pulmonary complications in acute p... | yes |
16,636,603 | Is the MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism a susceptibility factor for chronic pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an inflammatory process initiated by recurrent acute pancreatitis and characterized by progressive parenchyma destruction and fibrosis. Genetic factors influence susceptibility and modify progression. The monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) -2518 G allele, which mo... | Although the pro-inflammatory chemokine MCP-1 -2518 G allele is a severity factor for AP, it does not significantly alter susceptibility to CP. | no |
16,650,552 | Does use of modified multiband ligator facilitate circumferential EMR in Barrett 's esophagus ( with video )? | {
"contexts": [
"Various techniques are available for EMR in the upper- and lower-GI tract. For early cancers of the esophagus, the \"suck and cut\" technique, which uses a transparent cap or variceal band ligator, is the most commonly practiced method. To facilitate multiple or circumferential EMR, a modified mu... | The novel technique of MBL-EMR described here facilitated and simplified circumferential removal of BE that contained HGIN and/or IMC. However, the method is associated with a very high stricture rate if circumferential EMR is performed in a single session. Complete removal of BE should be achieved by repeated partial ... | yes |
16,634,740 | Is polymorphism in the tissue factor region associated with basal but not endotoxin-induced tissue factor-mRNA levels in leukocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Tissue factor (TF) plays a central role during disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in sepsis. We hypothesized that a frequent D/I polymorphism, at nucleotide position -1208 in the promoter region, could influence TF-mRNA and downstream coagulation.",
"Basal- and lipopolysaccharide (L... | The TF-1208 polymorphism is functional in that it regulates basal TF-mRNA in circulating monocytes and circulating microparticle-associated TF-procoagulant activity in vivo, but does not influence the relative increase in TF-mRNA or coagulation activation during low-grade endotoxemia. | yes |
16,636,587 | Is connective tissue growth factor responsible for transforming growth factor-beta-induced peritoneal mesothelial cell apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies found that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) induces mesothelial production of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), which may be downstream mediators of TGF-beta. Since high dose TGF-beta induces apoptosis of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC), we study the effect of ... | Our results indicate that CTGF is an important downstream mediator of TGF-beta-induced PMC apoptosis. | yes |
16,636,588 | Is proinflammatory cytokine-induced NF-kappaB activation in human mesangial cells mediated through intracellular calcium but not ROS : effects of silymarin? | {
"contexts": [
"It is not fully understood whether intracellular calcium and/or reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation by proinflammatory cytokines. Silymarin exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects but the effect of silymarin in human mesangial cell... | Induction of NF-kappaB within 30 min by TNF-alpha- and IL-1beta was mediated through intracellular calcium but not ROS. Silymarin inhibited TNF-alpha-induced calcium-dependent NF-kappaB activation irrespective of its antioxidant effect. | yes |
16,633,035 | Do immunohistochemical findings after LASIK confirm in vitro LASIK model? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare immunohistochemical findings in human donor corneas after successful laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) without clinical complications with a recently established human LASIK in vitro model.",
"Donor corneas with prior LASIK treatment were investigated. Cryostat sections were sta... | Histologic findings in donor corneas with prior LASIK treatment confirm histologic observations in a recently introduced human organ culture LASIK model. This strengthens the reliability of the latter LASIK model for further studies concerning wound healing after LASIK surgery. | yes |
16,645,019 | Does an insulin-like growth factor-I gene polymorphism modify the risk of microalbuminuria in subjects with an abnormal glucose tolerance? | {
"contexts": [
"Microalbuminuria (MA) is related to cardiovascular disease both in diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects.",
"We investigated whether a polymorphism near the promoter region of the IGF-I gene was related to the development of MA.",
"For this study, 1069 participants of the Rotterdam ... | In subjects with AGT, a higher risk for MA was observed in variant carriers than in carriers of the wild type genotype of this IGF-I gene polymorphism. Since MA is primarily associated with cardiovascular disease in subjects with AGT, our study suggests that variant carriers have a higher risk for cardiovascular diseas... | yes |
16,627,420 | Does passive electrode effect reduce defibrillation threshold in bi-filament middle cardiac vein defibrillation? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether a passive electrode effect decreases defibrillation threshold (DFT) in multi-filament middle cardiac vein (MCV) defibrillation.",
"Twelve pigs underwent active housing (AH) insertion, with defibrillation coils placed transvenously in right ventricular apex and superior ... | A bystander electrode adjacent to a monofilament electrode in the MCV reduces DFT by 24% when compared with monofilament MCV alone. Microfilament electrodes decrease DFT as auxiliary anode but not as sole anode. | yes |
16,630,355 | Does operon information improve gene expression estimation for cDNA microarrays? | {
"contexts": [
"In prokaryotic genomes, genes are organized in operons, and the genes within an operon tend to have similar levels of expression. Because of co-transcription of genes within an operon, borrowing information from other genes within the same operon can improve the estimation of relative transcript ... | By borrowing information about transcriptional activity of genes within classified operons, we improved the estimation of gene expression levels and the detection of differentially expressed genes. | yes |
16,652,132 | Is subcutaneous adipose tissue cytokine production responsible for the restoration of systemic inflammation markers during weight loss? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been suggested that weight loss can improve systemic inflammation associated with obesity by decreasing the adipose production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This suggestion, however, remains controversial.",
"To analyse the effect of weight loss on peripheral inflammatory markers and ... | A low-calorie diet is associated with an improvement in the systemic inflammatory status. This seems to be due to energy restriction rather than to adipose mass loss, since inflammatory levels return to baseline soon after weight stabilisation. Furthermore, a negative energy balance and fat mobilisation are associated ... | no |
16,639,011 | Is n-chlorotaurine an effective antiviral agent against adenovirus in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether N-chlorotaurine (NCT) demonstrates antiviral activity against adenovirus (Ad) in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model.",
"The in vitro activity of NCT was evaluated by incubating different Ad serotypes with several concentrations of NCT for 1 hour and determining ... | NCT demonstrated antiviral activity against adenovirus in vitro and in vivo. Further development of NCT as a topical antimicrobial is indicated. | yes |
16,648,143 | Does intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E reduce the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether the premorbid dietary intake of fatty acids, cholesterol, glutamate or antioxidants was associated with the risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).",
"Patients referred to our clinic during 2001-2002, who had definite, probable or possible ALS according to El... | A high intake of PUFAs and vitamin E is associated with a 50-60% decreased risk of developing ALS, and these nutrients appear to act synergistically. | yes |
16,648,144 | Do the interleukin-6 gene -174G > C and -572G > C promoter polymorphisms are related to cerebral aneurysms? | {
"contexts": [
"An important part is played by inflammation in intracranial aneurysm formation. The hypothesis that there is an association of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) genotypes (-572G>C and -174G>C) with intracranial aneurysms was tested.",
"IL-6 genotypes were determined in 91 Cauc... | This is the first study to show that IL-6 promoter polymorphisms are associated with intracranial aneurysmal disease. Whether this association is with the development, progression or rupture of such aneurysms, or represents survivor bias, is unclear. | yes |
16,645,153 | Does cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of NO synthase-3 protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"The protective effect of NO synthase-3 (eNOS)-derived NO in limiting myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI-R) injury is well established. We reported previously that systemic genetic overexpression of eNOS attenuates MI-R injury. The purpose of the current study was to investigate tissue-specific g... | These results provide evidence that site-specific targeting of eNOS gene therapy may be more advantageous in limiting MI-R injury and subsequent cardiac dysfunction. | yes |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.