pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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24,609,617 | Does the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor agonist PHA-543613 hydrochloride inhibit Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced expression of interleukin-8 by oral keratinocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"The alpha 7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) is expressed by oral keratinocytes. α7nAChR activation mediates anti-inflammatory responses. The objective of this study was to determine if α7nAChR activation inhibited pathogen-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression by oral keratinocytes.",
"Periodo... | These data suggest that α7nAChR plays a role in regulating the innate immune responses of oral keratinocytes. | yes |
24,589,859 | Is the PAS positive material in gastric cancer cells of signet ring type mucin? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study is to assess the exocrine and neuroendocrine properties of tumour cells in diffuse gastric cancer with signet ring cell differentiation.",
"Mucin mRNA and protein expressions (MUC1, 2, 3, 4, 5AC, 6 and MUC13) were assessed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridiz... | The lack of MUC protein and mRNA in signet ring tumour cells suggests the amorphous substance is not mucin. The lack of MUC mRNA expression in non-signet ring tumour cells questions exocrine differentiation in this tumour group. The abundant protein expression of the general neuroendocrine markers CgA and synaptophysin... | no |
24,593,993 | Does traumatic brain injury enhance neuroinflammation and lesion volume in caveolin deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Traumatic brain injury (TBI) enhances pro-inflammatory responses, neuronal loss and long-term behavioral deficits. Caveolins (Cavs) are regulators of neuronal and glial survival signaling. Previously we showed that astrocyte and microglial activation is increased in Cav-1 knock-out (KO) mice and ... | CCI caused astrocyte and microglial activation and hippocampal neuronal injury. Cav-1 and Cav-3 KO exhibited enhanced lesion volume and cytokine/chemokine production after CCI. These findings suggest that Cav isoforms may regulate neuroinflammatory responses and neuroprotection following TBI. | yes |
24,603,757 | Do gut microbiota signatures predict host and microbiota responses to dietary interventions in obese individuals? | {
"contexts": [
"Interactions between the diet and intestinal microbiota play a role in health and disease, including obesity and related metabolic complications. There is great interest to use dietary means to manipulate the microbiota to promote health. Currently, the impact of dietary change on the microbiota ... | This proof-of-principle study introduces the first potential microbial biomarkers for dietary responsiveness in obese individuals with impaired metabolic health, and reveals the potential of microbiota signatures for personalized nutrition. | yes |
24,595,389 | Is feet on the ground : Physical support of the inner retina a strong determinant for cell survival and structural preservation in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to explore the importance of local physical tissue support for homeostasis in the isolated retina.",
"Full-thickness retinal sheets were isolated from adult porcine eyes. Retinas were cultured for 5 or 10 days using the previously established explant protocol wit... | Providing physical support to the inner but not the outer retina appears to prevent the tissue collapse resulting from perturbation of the normal biomechanical milieu in the isolated retinal sheet. Using this novel paradigm, gliotic reactions are attenuated and metabolic processes vital for tissue health are preserved,... | yes |
24,595,385 | Do protein kinase C inhibitors sensitize GNAQ mutant uveal melanoma cells to ionizing radiation? | {
"contexts": [
"Uveal melanoma (UM) tumors require large doses of radiation therapy (RT) to achieve tumor ablation, which frequently results in damage to adjacent normal tissues, leading to vision-threatening complications. Approximately 50% of UM patients present with activating somatic mutations in the gene en... | Our preclinical results suggest that combined modality treatment may allow for reductions in the total RT dose and/or fraction size, which may lead to better functional organ preservation in the treatment of primary GNAQ(mt) UM. These findings suggest future clinical trials combining PKC inhibitors with RT in GNAQ(mt) ... | yes |
24,595,387 | Does whole exome sequencing of a dominant retinitis pigmentosa family identify a novel deletion in PRPF31? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations at some retinitis pigmentosa (RP) loci are associated with variable penetrance and expressivity, exacerbating diagnostic challenges. The purpose of this study was to dissect the genetic underpinnings of nonsyndromic RP with variable age of onset in a large Mexican family.",
"We asce... | We have identified a novel 14-bp deletion in PRPF31 as the genetic driver of adRP in a large Mexican family that exhibits nonpenetrance and variable expressivity, known properties of this locus. However, our studies intimate the presence of additional loci that can modify PRPF31 expression. | yes |
24,614,131 | Are age at diagnosis and C-peptide level associated with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese? | {
"contexts": [
"To find the associations between diabetic retinopathy and age at diagnosis, C-peptide level and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus.",
"3100 hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients in Peking University People's Hospital were included in this retrospective... | According to the results, postprandial C-peptide level and age at diabetes may be two independent associated factors with DR in Chinese type 2 diabetes. The lower level of postprandial C-peptide, the younger age at diagnosis, may indicate the higher prevalence of DR. | yes |
24,611,911 | Does absence of interleukin 22 affect the oral microbiota and the progression of induced periapical lesions in murine teeth? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the absence of IL-22 on the progression of periapical lesions in wild-type (WT) and IL-22 knockout (IL-22 KO) mice.",
"The evaluation of the oral microbial profile of mice was performed by Checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization from saliva samples. Periapical lesions were induced in m... | This study revealed differences in the composition of oral microbiota between mice that may be taken into account in the susceptibility to infections and development of periapical lesions. The absence of IL-22 in mice resulted in smaller periapical lesions with fewer osteoclasts at the final experimental period, sugges... | yes |
24,592,305 | Does stress during first pregnancy increase seizure threshold in adult male offspring? | {
"contexts": [
"Stress induces many homeostatic aberrations which are followed by lifelong allostatic responses. Epilepsy is developed or influenced by different environmental factors, i.e. prenatal stress which makes many contradictory developmental changes in seizure threshold and intensity. We investigated th... | It is concluded that stress detrimental effects could be prevented by stress which was applied around first pregnancy; however this beneficial effect is weakened by before second pregnancy stress. | yes |
24,586,361 | Does deficient phosphorylation of Stat1 in leukocytes identify neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta? | {
"contexts": [
"Anti interferon-beta (IFN-β) neutralizing antibodies (NAb) affect efficacy of treatment of multiple sclerosis patients, but exactly when the detrimental effects of NAbs offset therapeutic efficacy is debated. Quantification of intracellular pathway-specific phosphorylation by phospho-specific flo... | Based on this proof of concept study, we hypothesize that NAb effects can be monitored by evaluation of a single biomarker, pStat1, in either monocytes or T cells by phosphoflow directly after IFN-β administration. The method will significantly reduce cost relative to labor intensive in vitro methods and offers a patie... | yes |
24,584,741 | Does acute hypertriglyceridemia induce platelet hyperactivity that is not attenuated by insulin in polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Atherothrombosis is associated with platelet hyperactivity. Hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance (IR) are features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The effect of induced hypertriglyceridemia on IR and platelet function was examined in young women with PCOS.",
"Following overnight f... | Acute hypertriglyceridemia induced IR, and increased platelet activation in both groups that was not reversed by insulin in PCOS subjects compared to controls. This suggests that platelet hyperactivity induced by acute hypertriglyceridemia and IR could contribute athero-thrombotic risk. | yes |
24,601,852 | Does cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 augment interferon-β expression and antiviral activity induced by double-stranded RNA in keratinocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 has the capacity to kill a wide range of microbes and to modify host immunity. Recently, our group observed that the activation of keratinocytes by LL-37 and DNA greatly increases interferon (IFN)-β through Toll-like receptor (TLR)9. However, the effect of... | Our findings suggest that LL-37 augments the antiviral activity induced by dsRNA in keratinocytes, which may contribute to the innate immune response to cutaneous viral infections such as HS. | yes |
24,598,601 | Is breakfast consumption frequency associated with grip strength in a population of healthy Japanese adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Several studies have reported that regular consumption of breakfast is associated with health benefits. However, only a few studies have examined the association between frequency of breakfast consumption and muscular function. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between fre... | This cross-sectional study reveals a positive association between breakfast consumption frequency and muscle strength in apparently healthy adults. | yes |
24,587,242 | Does high glucose level promote migration behavior of breast cancer cells through zinc and its transporters? | {
"contexts": [
"The diabetes patients have been associated with an increased risk of mortality by breast cancer and there are difference between the breast cancer patients with diabetes, and their nondiabetic counterparts in the regimen choice and effects of breast cancer treatment. However, the pathophysiologic... | Zinc and its transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10, are required for the motility stimulated with high glucose level. These findings provide the first evidence proposing the novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer with hyperglycemia. | yes |
24,614,629 | Does preprocedural red blood cell distribution width predict bare metal stent restenosis? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been shown that increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW) predicts adverse outcomes in cardiovascular disease and in patients undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention. The aim of the present study was to assess the predictive value of preinterventional RDW on the development... | Increased preinterventional RDW significantly predicts bare metal stent restenosis and might represent a useful screening tool to stratify patients according to a higher or a lower risk of ISR after stent implantation in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. | yes |
24,611,991 | Do low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations associate with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents independent of adiposity? | {
"contexts": [
"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s25[OH]D) concentrations are both associated with adiposity and insulin resistance (IR) and thus may be pathogenically linked. We aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adolescents with NAFLD and to inv... | Lower s25(OH)D concentrations are significantly associated with NAFLD, independent of adiposity and IR. Screening for vitamin D deficiency in adolescents at risk of NAFLD is appropriate, and clinical trials investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD may be warranted. | yes |
24,613,863 | Is no direct projection observed from the substantia nigra to the dorsal vagus complex in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Destruction of the SN can lead to gastric dyskinesis accompanied by decreased expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and increased expressio... | This study is the first to demonstrate that neurons in the SN do not directly innervate the DVC in rats. The DVC might be indirectly innervated by the SN through the hypothalamus and/or the LC. These data provide important morphological insights into the potential mechanism underlying the gastroparesis observed in PD p... | yes |
24,603,446 | Is thoracoscopic lobectomy associated with improved short-term and equivalent oncological outcomes compared with open lobectomy for clinical Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer : a propensity-matched analysis of 963 cases? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous literature has reported lower morbidity for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery lobectomy (VL) compared with open lobectomy (OL); however, most comparative studies have been retrospective and have failed to compare well-matched patient groups, therefore allowing selection bias to influe... | Patients with clinical Stage I NSCLC undergoing VL have less perioperative morbidity compared with matched OL controls. Regional lymphadenectomy, nodal upstaging, overall and disease-free survival were similar between VL and OL groups. In experienced centres, VL is an acceptable operation for patients with c-stage I NS... | yes |
24,597,777 | Do liver myofibroblasts up-regulate monocyte CD163 expression via PGE2 during hepatitis B induced liver failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Although patients with liver failure exhibit a generalized inflammatory-imbalance status, substantial evidence indicates that this immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory state may be deleterious. Increased expression of CD163 (known to be involved in several anti-inflammatory functions of the imm... | These results suggest that liver myofibroblasts play a direct role in regulating the expression of CD163 on monocytes in human liver tissues and thereby may regulate monocyte function during hepatitis B induced liver failure. | yes |
24,586,576 | Does tGF-β prevent phosphate-induced osteogenesis through inhibition of BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key cytokine during differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). High phosphate induces a phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) into osteogenic-like cells. This study was aimed to eva... | Full VSMC differentiation induced by TGF-β may not be achieved when extracellular phosphate levels are high. Moreover, TGF-β prevents high phosphate-induced osteogenesis by decreasing the nuclear translocation of Smad 1/5/8 and avoiding the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. | yes |
24,613,435 | Does dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during late pregnancy affect fatty acid composition of mature breast milk? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate how maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid intake at different periods during pregnancy affects the composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids in mature human milk.",
"A prospective study was conducted involving 45 pregnant women, aged between 18 and 35 y... | The maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid content during late pregnancy may affect the fatty acid composition of mature breast milk. Additionally, the maternal dietary intake of ω-3 to ω-6 fatty acid ratio, during late pregnancy and the postpartum period, can affect the polyunsaturated fatty a... | yes |
24,606,867 | Does pancreatic T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase deficiency ameliorate cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common clinical problem whose incidence has been progressively increasing in recent years. Onset of the disease is trigged by intra-acinar cell activation of digestive enzyme zymogens that induce autodigestion, release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acinar cell inj... | These findings revealed a novel role for pancreatic TCPTP in the progression of cerulein-induced AP. | yes |
24,612,625 | Is subcutaneous injection a simple and reproducible option to restore parathyroid function after total parathyroidectomy in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism? | {
"contexts": [
"Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a common clinical problem seen in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. In patients with severe persistent hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomies are often required.",
"We sought to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of tot... | Subcutaneous injection of parathyroid tissue is a feasible and simple alternative to the more commonly used method of surgical implantation. | yes |
24,599,273 | Is high serum pentosidine but not esRAGE associated with prevalent fractures in type 1 diabetes independent of bone mineral density and glycaemic control? | {
"contexts": [
"Fracture risk in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is supposed to be underestimated by bone mineral density (BMD). Individuals with T1D had more prevalent fractures in a cross-sectional study. Serum levels of pentosidine, an advanced glycation end product, and poor glycaemic control were associated with prev... | The pentosidine levels but not BMD are independently associated with prevalent fractures. Impaired bone quality in T1D may result from increased AGE formation. | yes |
24,614,698 | Does meconium microbiome analysis identify bacteria correlated with premature birth? | {
"contexts": [
"Preterm birth is the second leading cause of death in children under the age of five years worldwide, but the etiology of many cases remains enigmatic. The dogma that the fetus resides in a sterile environment is being challenged by recent findings and the question has arisen whether microbes tha... | This provides the first evidence to support the hypothesis that the fetal intestinal microbiome derived from swallowed amniotic fluid may be involved in the inflammatory response that leads to premature birth. | yes |
24,614,696 | Is α-Fetoprotein a potential survival predictor in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis B selected for liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Risk factors can affect candidacy and prognosis following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) with antiviral prophylaxis for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and cirrhosis.",
"The objective of this study was to investigate the risk fac... | Up-to-Seven criteria may be more appropriately stratified by AFP, AST, and tumor differentiation, and AFP is a potential independent survival predictor in HBV-associated HCC patients selected for OLT. | yes |
24,592,080 | Does melatonin treatment result in regression of endometriotic lesions in an ooferectomized rat endometriosis model? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to determine the effects of melatonin treatment on endometrial implants in an oopherectomized rat endometriosis model.",
"This study is a prospective, randomised, controlled experimental study. It was carried out at the Experimental Research Center of Yeditepe University (YUDETAM). T... | Melatonin causes regression of the endometriotic lesions in rats and improvement in their histopathological scores. | yes |
24,606,079 | Is vitamin D deficiency associated with inflammation in older Irish adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Inadequate vitamin D status is common within elderly populations and may be implicated in the etiology of autoimmune disease and inflammation. Few studies have investigated the relationship between vitamin D status and age-related immune dysfunction in humans.",
"The aim of this study was to ... | This study demonstrated significant associations between low vitamin D status and markers of inflammation (including the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10) within elderly adults. These findings suggest that an adequate vitamin D status may be required for optimal immune function, particularly within the older adult population. | yes |
24,606,071 | Does medroxyprogesterone acetate enhance monocyte-endothelial interaction under flow conditions by stimulating the expression of cell adhesion molecules? | {
"contexts": [
"Monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells is an important initial event in atherosclerosis and is partially mediated by adhesion molecule expression on the cell surface. Although estrogens inhibit atherosclerosis development, effects of coadministered progestogen remain controversial.",
"We exam... | MPA increases cell adhesion molecule expression on HUVECs, causing increased numbers of monocytoid cells to adhere to HUVECs. These MPA effects may be a risk factor for atherogenesis on endothelial cells in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. | yes |
24,606,076 | Is impaired vascular function in physically active premenopausal women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea associated with low shear stress and increased vascular tone? | {
"contexts": [
"Exercise-trained hypoestrogenic premenopausal women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (ExFHA) exhibit impaired endothelial function. The vascular effects of an acute bout of exercise, a potent nitric oxide stimulus, in these women are unknown.",
"Three groups were studied: recreationall... | Acute dynamic exercise improves vascular function in ExFHA women. Although the role of estrogen deficiency per se is unclear, our findings suggest that low shear rate and increased vasoconstrictor tone may play a role in impaired basal vascular function in these women. | yes |
24,606,075 | Is high maternal serum estradiol environment in the first trimester associated with the increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth? | {
"contexts": [
"There are increasing concerns that a disrupted endocrine environment may disturb the growth of the fetus. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) situates gamete/embryo in a supraphysiological estradiol (E2) environment and, thus, provides an ideal model to investigate this problem.",
"Our obj... | The maternal high-E2 environment in the first trimester is correlated with increased risks of LBW and SGA. Evaluation of serum E2 before ET should be adopted to reduce the possibility of high E2 exposure to gamete/embryo. | yes |
24,614,800 | Are elevated blood levels of inflammation-related proteins associated with an attention problem at age 24 mo in extremely preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"Extremely preterm birth is associated with subsequent behavioral problems. We hypothesized that perinatal systemic inflammation, a risk factor for cerebral white matter injury and cognitive impairment, is associated with behavior problems observed at 2 y.",
"In a cohort of 600 children born b... | Among children born extremely prematurely, recurrent, or persistent elevations of inflammation-related proteins in blood during in the first two postnatal weeks are associated with an attention problem at age 2 y. | yes |
24,614,802 | Does angiotensin II-induced cardiovascular load regulate cardiac remodeling and related gene expression in late-gestation fetal sheep? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiotensin II (ANG II) stimulates fetal heart growth, although little is known regarding changes in cardiomyocyte endowment or the molecular pathways mediating the response. We measured cardiomyocyte proliferation and morphology in ANG II-treated fetal sheep and assessed transcriptional pathway ... | ANG II produces an increase in fetal cardiac mass via cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and likely hyperplasia, involving transcriptional responses in cytoskeletal remodeling and cell cycle pathways. | yes |
24,613,649 | Is human papillomavirus prevalence high in oral samples of patients with tonsillar and base of tongue cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Presence of HPV DNA was analyzed in mouthwash and tonsillar swab samples, if indicative of HPV-positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer in 76 patients, with suspected head neck cancer, undergoing diagnostic endoscopy at Karolinska University Hospital. The diagnosis and tumor HPV status was lat... | In patients with suspected head neck cancer, HPV-positive oral samples, especially HPV16 with high signals, could be indicative of HPV-positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer. | yes |
24,602,964 | Is mediterranean diet associated on symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to measure symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis and evaluate their relationship with a Mediterranean diet.",
"This cross-sectional study recruited patients with bronchiectasis at four Spanish centers. Patients completed the hospital anxiety and depres... | The prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety is high in patients with bronchiectasis and greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of having these symptoms, particularly for depression. | yes |
24,587,037 | Do association between time of pay-for-performance for patients and community health services use by chronic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Pay-for-performance for patients is a cost-effective means of improving health behaviours. This study examined the association between the pay time for performance for patients and CHS use by chronic patients.",
"A cross-sectional study was undertaken to estimate distribution characteristics ... | Pay time for performance for patients was associated with CHS use by chronic patients. Patients receiving incentive prior to services were more likely to use standardized CHS. And pay time should not be ignored when the policy on pay-for-performance for patients is designed. | yes |
24,611,931 | Is recruitment of HP1β to UVA-induced DNA lesions independent of radiation-induced changes in A-type lamins? | {
"contexts": [
"The optimal repair of DNA lesions is fundamental for physiological processes. We asked whether the recruitment of HP1β, 53BP1 and BMI1 proteins to ultraviolet (UVA)-induced DNA lesions requires functional A-type lamins.",
"We found that UVA irradiation of nuclear lamina abolished the fluoresc... | We conclude that only the 53BP1 status in DNA lesions, induced by UVA or γ-rays, is affected by A-type lamin deficiency, which was not observed for heterochromatin-related proteins HP1β and BMI1. | yes |
24,612,416 | Does plasmin deficiency lead to fibrin accumulation and a compromised inflammatory response in the mouse brain? | {
"contexts": [
"Excess fibrin in blood vessels is cleared by plasmin, the key proteolytic enzyme in fibrinolysis. Neurological disorders and head trauma can result in the disruption of the neurovasculature and the entry of fibrin and other blood components into the brain, which may contribute to further neurolog... | Both plg(-/-) and tPA(-/-) mice exhibited brain parenchymal fibrin deposits that appear to result from reduced neurovascular integrity. Markers of neuronal health and inflammation were not significantly affected by proximity to the vascular lesions. A compromised neuroinflammatory response was also observed in plg(-/-)... | yes |
24,615,214 | Does tanshinone II a protect against lipopolysaccharides-induced endothelial cell injury via Rho/Rho kinase pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"To test whether tanshinone II A (Tan II A), a highly valued herb derivative to treat vascular diseases in Chinese medicine, could protect endothelial cells from bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharides, LPS)-induced endothelial injury.",
"Endothelial cell injury was induced by treating human ... | Tan II A exerted a strong protective effect on HUVECs, and the mechanism was caused, at least in part, by a blockade in the Rho/ROCK pathway, presumably through the down-regulation of ITG A5. | yes |
24,593,738 | Do an analysis of the uncertainty and bias in DCE-MRI measurements using the spoiled gradient-recalled echo pulse sequence? | {
"contexts": [
"The pharmacokinetic parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI have been used in more than 100 phase I trials and investigator led studies. A comparison of the absolute values of these quantities requires an estimation of their respective probability distribution function (PDF). ... | Current small-animal imaging systems and pulse sequences robust to motion artifacts have the capacity for reproducible quantitative acquisitions with DCE-MRI. In these circumstances, it is feasible to achieve a level of precision limited only by physiologic variability. | yes |
24,600,206 | Does insulin induce drug resistance in melanoma through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"There is currently no curative treatment for melanoma once the disease spreads beyond the original site. Although activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway resulting from genetic mutations and epigenetic deregulation of its major regulators is known to cause resistance of melanoma to therapeutic agents,... | Insulin attenuates the therapeutic efficacy of dacarbazine and PLX4720 in melanoma cells, which is mediated by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and can be overcome by PI3K inhibitors. | yes |
24,612,727 | Are highly-cited estimates of the cumulative incidence and recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis inadequately documented? | {
"contexts": [
"Available literature concerning the epidemiologic or clinical features of vulvovaginal candidiasis commonly reports that: 75% of women will experience an episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis in their lifetimes, 50% of whom will experience at least a second episode, and 5-10% of all women will expe... | It is apparent that these figures were inadequately documented and lacked supporting epidemiologic evidence. Population-based studies are needed to make reliable estimates of the lifetime risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and the proportion of women who experience recurrent candidiasis. | yes |
24,612,527 | Do preventive and remedial application of etanercept attenuate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the efficacy of etanercept (ETN) on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats.",
"A PAH rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of MCT (60 mg/kg) once and ENT therapy (2.5 mg/kg twice a week i.p.) was initiated on the day following... | Treatment with TNF-α antagonism ETN prevented and reversed MCT-induced PAH by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Our results suggest a critical role of TNF-α and inflammation in MCT-induced PAH progression and targeting the inflammatory environment might be a potential means of PAH treatment. | yes |
24,602,489 | Does conjugation to a SMAC mimetic potentiate sigma-2 ligand induced tumor cell death in ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Drug resistance is a significant problem in the treatment of ovarian cancer and can be caused by multiple mechanisms. Inhibition of apoptosis by the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) represents one such mechanism, and can be overcome by a mitochondrial protein called second mitochondria-deri... | Our findings suggest that coupling sigma-2 ligands to SMAC peptidomimetics enhances their effectiveness while maintaining the cancer selectivity. This encouraging proof-of-principle preclinical study supports further development of tumor-targeted small peptide mimetics via ligands to the sigma-2 receptor for future cli... | yes |
24,615,401 | Are calcium , phosphate and calcium phosphate product markers of outcome in patients with chronic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations and calcium-phosphate product (CPP) levels are positively associated with worse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease, but there are few data for Pi or Ca and none for CPP in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).",
... | Ca, Pi and CPP could be useful additional variables in determining risk in CHF patients. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the adverse influence and determine whether lowering phosphate levels per se in CHF patients is of benefit. | yes |
24,612,171 | Are abnormal platelet kinetics detected before the occurrence of thrombocytopaenia in HBV-related liver disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Thrombocytopaenia is a frequent feature in patients with HBV-related liver disease. Its underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Multiple factors might contribute to the development of thrombocytopaenia. In this study, we investigated the reticulated platelets (RP), glycocalicin (GC), serum ... | Abnormal platelet production, destruction and platelet-specific glycoproteins levels were detected before the occurrence of thrombocytopaenia in HBV-related liver disease, indicating that multiple mechanisms might play roles in thrombocytopaenia in HBV-infected patients. | yes |
24,597,747 | Does mesenchymal cell interaction with ovarian cancer cells induce a background dependent pro-metastatic transcriptomic profile? | {
"contexts": [
"The cross talk between the stroma and cancer cells plays a major role in phenotypic modulation. During peritoneal carcinomatosis ovarian cancer cells interact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) resulting in increased metastatic ability. Understanding the transcriptomic changes underlying the pheno... | The contact with the mesenchymal niche increase metastatic initiation and expansion through cancer cells' transcriptome modification dependent of the cellular subtype. Personalized medicine strategy might benefit from network analysis revealing the subtype specific nodes to target to disrupt acquired pro-metastatic pro... | yes |
24,602,839 | Does interleukin-32 increase human gastric cancer cell invasion associated with tumor progression and metastasis? | {
"contexts": [
"The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a novel tumor marker highly expressed in various human carcinomas, including gastric cancer. However, its effects on prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and cancer metastasis are virtually unknown at present. The main aim of this study ... | IL-32 contributes to gastric cancer progression by increasing the metastatic potential resulting from AKT, β-catenin, and HIF-1α activation. Our results clearly suggest that IL-32 is an important mediator for gastric cancer metastasis and independent prognostic predictor of gastric cancer. | yes |
24,597,666 | Does decoy receptor 3 ( DcR3 ) overexpression predict the prognosis and pN2 in pancreatic head carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was carried out to examine decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) expression and investigate its clinical and prognostic significance in patients with pancreatic head carcinoma.",
"Tissue samples were obtained from 50 patients with pancreatic head carcinoma. DcR3 protein expression in tissues and... | We found that DcR3 was overexpressed in pancreatic head carcinoma. The patients with high DcR3 levels had higher pN2 stages than those with low DcR3 levels. Detecting serum DcR3 level preoperatively might be an additional approach for evaluating pN2 stage and guiding the range of lymphadenectomy. | yes |
24,596,948 | Is sLC25A22 a novel gene for migrating partial seizures in infancy? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify a genetic cause for migrating partial seizures in infancy (MPSI).",
"We characterized a consanguineous pedigree with MPSI and obtained DNA from affected and unaffected family members. We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism 500K data to identify regions with evidence of linkage... | We have shown that MPSI can be inherited and have identified a novel homozygous mutation in SLC25A22 in the affected individuals. Our data strongly suggest that SLC25A22 is responsible for MPSI, a severe condition with few known etiologies. We have demonstrated that a combination of linkage analysis and whole exome seq... | yes |
24,608,200 | Are tumor infiltrating lymphocytes prognostic in triple negative breast cancer and predictive for trastuzumab benefit in early breast cancer : results from the FinHER trial? | {
"contexts": [
"We have previously shown the prognostic importance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in newly diagnosed triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using tumor samples from a large clinical trial cohort. In this study, we aimed to validate these findings and also investigate associations with tra... | Higher levels of TILs present at diagnosis were significantly associated with decreased distant recurrence rates in primary TNBC. These results confirm our previous data and further support that TILs should be considered as a robust prognostic factor in this BC subtype. We also report for the first time an association ... | yes |
24,604,319 | Does chromosomal instability portend superior response of rectal adenocarcinoma to chemoradiation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Persistent chromosome segregation errors represent a conspicuous feature of human neoplasms. It is widely accepted that this chromosomal instability is associated with poor prognosis; however, its effect on therapeutic response is a matter of conjecture.",
"Here, the role of chromosome segreg... | The results of the current study demonstrate that chromosomal instability is a favorable predictor of response to CRT in patients with locally invasive rectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the authors propose that downstream structural damage to chromosomes resulting from segregation errors potentiates the effect of DNA-d... | yes |
24,606,437 | Is number of external anogenital warts associated with the occurrence of abnormal cervical cytology? | {
"contexts": [
"Anogenital warts (AGWs) are common results of sexually transmitted infection (STI). Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11, which are non-oncogenic types, account for 90% of the clinical manifestations. Although the quadrivalent HPV vaccine has been launched, AGW remains prevalent in some coun... | LSIL+ is prevalent among immunocompetent Thai women presenting with external AGWs, especially those with multiple lesions. | yes |
24,586,229 | Does a 3-marker index improve the identification of iron disorders in CKD anaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Iron disorders are common and complex in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We sought to determine whether a 3-marker index would improve the classification of iron disorders in CKD anaemia.",
"We studied the association between Hb level and iron indexes combining 2 or 3 of the following markers: ... | The combined TSAT-TIBC-ferritin index identifies hypotransferrinaemia and non-inflammatory functional ID as the major mechanisms of iron disorders in CKD anaemia. Both disorders were associated with a greater decrease in Hb when mGFR was <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Taking these iron profiles into account may be useful in str... | yes |
24,606,735 | Does [ Overexpression of mouse IRF8 inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To construct and identify recombinant adenovirus Ad-IRF8 carrying mouse interferon regulatory factor-8 (IRF8) and observe the influence of the over-expressed IRF8 on the differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells (RAW264.7) induced by soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (sRA... | The recombinant adenovirus Ad-IRF8 was successfully constructed and the overexpression of IRF8 was also detected in RAW264.7 cells. The overexpressed IRF8 can effectively inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells. | yes |
24,606,730 | Is cyr61 expression associated with prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61), a member of the CCN protein family, possesses diverse functionality in cellular processes such as adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. Cyr61 can also function as an oncogene or a tumour suppressor, depending on the origin of the cancer. Only a few studies ha... | Our data confirmed that Cyr61 was expressed in colorectal cancers and the expression was correlated with worse prognosis of colorectal cancers. | yes |
24,606,732 | Does trop-2-targeting tetrakis-ranpirnase have potent antitumor activity against triple-negative breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Ranpirnase (Rap) is an amphibian ribonuclease with reported antitumor activity, minimal toxicity, and negligible immunogenicity in clinical studies, but the unfavorable pharmacokinetics and suboptimal efficacy hampered its further clinical development. To improve the potential of Rap-based therap... | A new class of immunoRNases was generated with enhanced potency for targeted therapy of cancer. The promising results from (Rap)2-E1-(Rap)2 and (Rap)2-E1*-(Rap)2 support their further investigation as a potential treatment option for TNBC and other Trop-2-expressing cancers. | yes |
24,594,021 | Does activation of brain indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase contribute to epilepsy-associated depressive-like behavior in rats with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Depression has most often been diagnosed in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), but the mechanism underlying this association remains unclear. In this study, we report that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan metabolism, plays a key role in epilepsy-... | Brain IDO1 activity plays a key role in epileptic rats with epilepsy-associated depressive-like behavior. | yes |
24,587,784 | Is individual radiosensitivity in a breast cancer collective changed with the patients ' age? | {
"contexts": [
"Individual radiosensitivity has a crucial impact on radiotherapy related side effects. Our aim was to study a breast cancer collective for its variation of individual radiosensitivity depending on the patients' age.",
"Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 129 individuals. Individual ra... | In the breast cancer collective a distinct resistant and sensitive subgroup is identified, which could be subject for treatment adjustment. Preliminary results indicate that especially in the range of age 40 to 50 patients with an increased radiosensitivity are more frequent and may have an increased risk to suffer fro... | yes |
24,614,089 | Is semen quality in HIV patients under stable antiretroviral therapy impaired compared to WHO 2010 reference values and on sperm proteome level? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate semen quality in HIV patients under stable antiretroviral therapy (ART) compared with WHO 2010 reference values and on the sperm proteome level.",
"Between 2011 and 2013, we prospectively enrolled 116 HIV-positive men without hepatitis B or C co-infections from our outpatient d... | This is the first study that compares all standard semen parameters in HIV positive patients under ART to WHO 2010 reference values. It provides evidence of impaired conventional semen parameters and altered sperm protein composition. Finally, HIV surrogate parameters are not suitable for predicting semen quality. | yes |
24,612,857 | Is pulmonary embolism associated with current morphine treatment in patients with deep vein thrombosis? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigates the relationship between current morphine use and the risk of pulmonary embolism (PE) development in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) patients.",
"We conducted a population-based nested case-control retrospective analysis using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000... | The incidence of PE in DVT patients in Taiwan is associated with current morphine treatment (≤30 days) and is dependent on dosage. | yes |
24,612,850 | Does isoflurane reduce hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition in rat primary cultured cardiocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"The volatile anesthetic isoflurane protects the heart from hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) injury. However, it is still incompletely understood whether isoflurane exerts its protective role through preventing mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening.",
"Primary cultured cardiocytes... | These data indicate that isoflurane has a protective effect on cardiocytes exposed to H/R by reducing excess ROS production, blocking open of MPTP and further reducing apoptosis. | yes |
24,613,698 | Do women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss have evidence of an underlying prothrombotic state : experience with calibrated automated thrombography and rotational thromboelastometry? | {
"contexts": [
"Where unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is attributed to an underlying maternal prothrombotic state, empirical prophylactic anticoagulation may be recommended.",
"In the present study we used calibrated automated thrombography and rotational thromboelastometry to determine the procoa... | These data demonstrate that global coagulation assays provide no evidence of an underlying hypercoagulable state in women with unexplained RPL; this is in keeping with the results of recent randomised controlled trials and strengthens the evidence base against use of anticoagulants in this setting. | no |
24,590,361 | Does hemodiafiltration beneficially affect QT interval duration and dispersion compared to hemodialysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The prolongation of the QT interval and dispersion could predict ventricular arrhythmias. It is not yet established whether there is a difference between the effects of hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration on QT interval duration and dispersion.",
"Data of thirty patients was investigated while... | Our results suggest a beneficial effect of hemodiafiltration on the studied electrocardiographic parameters compared to hemodialysis. The larger decrease in the left atrial diameter suggests a more efficient intracardiac volume-decreasing potential of hemodiafiltration. | yes |
24,590,362 | Is serum renalase related to catecholamine levels and renal function? | {
"contexts": [
"Renalase is a kidney-origin monoamine oxidase which can degrade catecholamines and regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular function. Although it has been shown that serum renalase level significantly decreases with impaired renal function, it is not clear whether its level is related to differ... | Serum levels of renalase are highly correlated with CA and both serum renalase levels and R/C ratios are related to renal function. | yes |
24,593,042 | Is alexithymia associated with low level of vitamin D in young healthy adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Vitamin D plays an important role in brain development and functioning. Low levels of vitamin D have been described in several psychiatric and neurologic conditions including autism spectrum disorder. Alexithymia that shows high comorbidity with autism is also present in the general population as... | These data suggest the association between disturbed emotional processing and low levels of vitamin D to be present in young healthy subjects. | yes |
24,602,257 | Do anxiety and disruptive behavior mediate pathways from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder to depression? | {
"contexts": [
"The progression to depression in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is not clearly understood. To clarify this relationship, we tested the following hypotheses in a population-based study: (1) children with ADHD have a higher risk of developing depression than children ... | These findings may help forewarn of impending depression and therefore allow opportunities for interventions when comorbid anxiety and/or disruptive behavior disorders are present in a child with ADHD. | yes |
24,598,243 | Does glucagon-like peptide 1 attenuate the acceleration of gastric emptying induced by hypoglycemia in healthy subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Exogenous GLP-1 slows gastric emptying in health and diabetes leading to diminished glycemic excursions. Gastric emptying is markedly accelerated by hypoglycemia. The primary objective was to determine whether GLP-1 attenuates the acceleration of gastric emptying induced by hypoglycemia.",
"T... | Acute administration of exogenous GLP-1 attenuates, but does not abolish, the acceleration of gastric emptying by insulin-induced hypoglycemia in healthy subjects. | yes |
24,585,454 | Does oxidative metabolism enhance the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of the soy isoflavone daidzein? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidative metabolism of daidzein (DAI) might result in the formation of hydroxylated metabolites. Here, we address the question whether these metabolites differ in their biological activity from the parent isoflavone, exemplified for the epidermal growth factor receptor and topoisomerase II, pote... | These data indicate that oxidative metabolism of DAI generates metabolites with genotoxic properties where interference with topoisomerase II might play a role. | yes |
24,589,033 | Does leukoaraiosis correlate with the neurologic deterioration after small subcortical infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients of small subcortical infarction sometimes have neurologic deterioration (ND), with the risk factors and specific pathogenesis unclear. Small subcortical infarction is often accompanied by other phenotypes of small vessel disease such as leukoaraiosis, which indicates the white matter hyp... | Severity of leukoaraiosis and baseline neurologic deficits, and the presence of diabetes were all independently associated with ND after small subcortical infarction. | yes |
24,607,605 | Does hIV-1 Nef expression in microglia disrupt dopaminergic and immune functions with associated mania-like behaviors? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuropsychiatric disorders during HIV/AIDS are common although the contribution of HIV-1 infection within the brain, and in particular individual HIV-1 proteins, to the development of these brain disorders is unknown. Herein, an in vivo transgenic mouse model was generated in which the HIV-1 Nef ... | HIV-1 Nef expression in microglia induced CCL2 expression together with disrupting striatal dopaminergic transmission, resulting in hyperactive behaviors which are observed in mania and other psychiatric comorbidities among HIV-infected persons. These findings emphasize the selective effects of individual viral protein... | yes |
24,613,420 | Are reliability and validity of a modified MEDFICTS dietary fat screener in South African schoolchildren determined by use and outcome measures? | {
"contexts": [
"In South Africa, noncommunicable diseases and obesity are increasing and also affect children. No validated assessment tools for fat intake are available.",
"To determine test-retest reliability and relative validity of a pictorial modified meats, eggs, dairy, fried foods, fats in baked goods... | Test-retest reliability and relative validity of a modified MEDFICTS dietary fat screener in South African schoolchildren depended on the use and outcome measures applied. | yes |
24,593,139 | Do comparison of sagittal and transverse echo planar spectroscopic imaging on the quantification of brain metabolites? | {
"contexts": [
"We quantitatively compared sagittal and transverse echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) on the quantification of metabolite concentrations with consideration of tissue variation. A quantification strategy is proposed to collect the necessary information for quantification of concentrations in... | We showed that quantified concentrations of sagittal and transverse EPSI after partial volume correction are comparable and reproducible. The proposed quantification strategy can be conveniently adapted into various MRI protocols. | yes |
24,612,630 | Is an increased arginase activity associated with corpus cavernosum impairment induced by hypercholesterolemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypercholesterolemia is a prevalent risk factor for the development of erectile dysfunction (ED), mostly due to an increase in oxidative stress and impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability within the penis. Arginase is an enzyme that shares the common substrate L-arginine with NO synthase. Augm... | These evidences indicate that arginase hyperactivity is associated with ED induced by hypercholesterolemia, suggesting that this enzyme is a potential target for treating ED. | yes |
24,608,135 | Does investigation into the toxicity of traditional Uyghur medicine Quercus infectoria gall water extract? | {
"contexts": [
"Quercus infectoria galls (QIG) is being widely used in Traditional Uyghur Medicine. To gather preclinical safety information for the aqueous extract of QIG, a toxicity study was performed.",
"Subject animals were randomized, and divided into exposure and control groups. In the acute toxicity ... | Study result suggests that the aqueous extract of QIG is unlikely to have significant toxicity and that clinical trials may proceed safely. | yes |
24,597,536 | Is neutrophil migration towards C5a and CXCL8 prevented by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs via inhibition of different pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to induce PG-independent anti-inflammatory actions. Here, we investigated the role of three different NSAIDs (naproxen, ibuprofen and oxaprozin) on neutrophil responses to CXCL8 and C5a.",
"Human neutrophils were isolated from hea... | Treatment with NSAIDs reduced C5a- and CXCL8-induced neutrophil migration and F-actin polymerization via different mechanisms. Inhibition by ibuprofen was associated with integrin down-regulation, while naproxen and oxaprozin blocked the PI3K/Akt pathway. Both NSAID actions were independent of COX inhibition and PGE2 r... | yes |
24,595,598 | Are eGFR gene gain and PTEN protein expression favorable prognostic factors in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab? | {
"contexts": [
"Cetuximab is a monoclonal epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting antibody, used in the treatment of colon cancer. KRAS mutation status is strongly predictive of cetuximab efficacy, but more predictive factors are needed for better patient selection. PTEN is a downstream inhibitor of th... | In this cetuximab-treated colorectal cancer population, EGFR gain was associated with better outcome and PTEN protein expression with longer TTP in KRAS WT, KRAS WT/AREG high and KRAS/BRAF WT subpopulations. Cetuximab efficacy is greater with intact and activated EGFR signaling, without activating mutations of KRAS/BRA... | yes |
24,601,694 | Does weight gain reveal dramatic increases in skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling? | {
"contexts": [
"In animal models of obesity, chronic inflammation and dysregulated extracellular matrix remodeling in adipose tissue leads to insulin resistance. Whether similar pathophysiology occurs in humans is not clear.",
"The aim of this study was to test whether 10% weight gain induced by overfeeding ... | We propose that skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling is another feature of the pathogenic milieu associated with energy excess and obesity, which, if disrupted, may contribute to the development of metabolic dysfunction. | yes |
24,586,314 | Does human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation promote cutaneous wound healing of severe burned rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe burns are a common and highly lethal trauma. The key step for severe burn therapy is to promote the wound healing as early as possible, and reports indicate that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy contributes to facilitate wound healing. In this study, we investigated effect of human umbi... | The study suggests that hUC-MSCs transplantation can effectively improve wound healing in severe burned rat model. Moreover, these data might provide the theoretical foundation for the further clinical application of hUC-MSC in burn areas. | yes |
24,606,068 | Do peripheral monocytes of obese women display increased chemokine receptor expression and migration capacity? | {
"contexts": [
"The activation of peripheral immune cells and the infiltration of immune cells into adipose tissue in obesity are implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.",
"The aim of the study was to compare peripheral immune cells from obese and normal-weight women with regard to composi... | Our results suggest that the enhanced intrinsic migratory capacity of peripheral monocytes in obese women may be due to the increased CCR expression, further supporting a link between peripheral immune cell dysfunction and obesity. | yes |
24,612,065 | Does intrauterine growth restriction modify gene expression profiling in cord blood? | {
"contexts": [
"Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns are at an increased risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality and development of metabolic syndromes such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in adulthood. The mechanism underlying this increased risk remains unclear. In this stu... | Expression of certain genes was modified in SGA newborns in the fetal period. These genes have been associated with metabolic syndrome. To clarify the association between modified gene expression in cord blood and individual vulnerability to metabolic syndrome in adulthood, these SGA newborns will be have long-term fol... | yes |
24,598,390 | Does end-expiratory occlusion manoeuvre accurately predict fluid responsiveness in the operating theatre? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to determine whether assessment of stroke volume (SV) and measurement of exhaled end-tidal carbon dioxide [Formula: see text] during an end-expiratory occlusion (EEO) test can predict fluid responsiveness in the operating theatre.",
"Forty-two subjects monitore... | ΔSV(EEO) and ΔE'(CO₂) were unable to accurately predict fluid responsiveness during surgery. | no |
24,595,153 | Is psychological reactivity to laboratory stress associated with hormonal responses in postmenopausal women? | {
"contexts": [
"The present study examined associations between psychological reactivity and hormonal responses to a standardized laboratory stressor (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST) in postmenopausal women.",
"Postmenopausal women aged 50-74 years undertook anxiety and mood assessments prior to and followin... | These findings suggest that enhanced reactivity to stress is associated with higher hormone levels among postmenopausal women, which could have potential implications for health. | yes |
24,595,683 | Does morphological good-quality embryo have higher nucleus spreading rate/signal resolution rate in fluorescence in situ hybridization? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the relationship between day 3 embryo quality and nucleus spreading rate/signal resolution rate in Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) during the PGD procedure.",
"This study was a retrospective data analysis. 367 day-3 embryos were classified based on morphological scoring:... | Blastomeres from day 3 embryos with better morphological quality had higher nucleus spreading rate and higher full signal rate during FISH. Through this study, we speculate on whether it should reconsider the necessity of FISH application in embryos with poor quality. | yes |
24,592,065 | Is ultrasonographic endometrial thickness measurement predictive for treatment response in simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to determine the predictors of treatment response in simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia.",
"We prospectively treated 67 women with simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia who were administered cyclic oral medroxyprogesterone acetate 10 mg/day for 12 days of luteal p... | Results of this study suggest treatment modification according to the baseline endometrial thickness in patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. | yes |
24,613,675 | Does black race independently predict worse survival in uterine carcinosarcoma? | {
"contexts": [
"GOG 150 suggested that Black women had worse survival compared to White women with uterine carcinosarcoma. Our objective was to compare treatment and survival outcomes between Black and White women at a National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) cancer center serving a diverse racial population... | Black women with uterine carcinosarcoma have worse survival compared to White women despite similar patient and treatment characteristics. This difference is largely due to differences in survival in early stage disease. | yes |
24,613,679 | Does hemopexin-dependent heme uptake via endocytosis regulate the Bach1 transcription repressor and heme oxygenase gene activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracellular heme plays versatile roles in a variety of physiological processes including mitochondrial respiration. Heme also induces the expression of genes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) by inactivating the transcription repressor Bach1 through direct binding. However, the source of heme for... | rHx-bound heme was internalized into the cells via endocytosis, resulting in HO-1 expression and inactivation of Bach1. | yes |
24,589,599 | Does [ Lipopolysaccharide sensitize neonatal mice to hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of low-concentration lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment on hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury in neonatal mice and explore and the related mechanisms.",
"Forty-eight neonatal mice on postnatal day 3 (PND3) were randomized into normal control group, LPS (0.3 mg/kg... | Hyperoxia causes immature brain injury mediated by microglia activation, and LPS pretreatment can enhance such brain injury in neonatal mice. | yes |
24,588,971 | Does membrane attack complex generation increase as a function of time in stored blood? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if the complement system, a potent mediator of inflammation, contributes to haemolysis during red blood cell (RBC) storage.",
"RBCs in storage undergo structural and biochemical changes that may result in adverse patient outcomes post-transfusion. Complement activation on leukode... | MAC levels increased over time, suggesting that MAC is the primary complement-mediated contributor to changes in stored RBCs. Inhibition of the terminal complement pathway may stabilise RBC functionality and extend shelf life. | yes |
24,604,900 | Does nAP1 strain type predict outcomes from Clostridium difficile infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies are conflicting regarding the importance of the fluoroquinolone-resistant North American pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type 1 (NAP1) strain in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) outcome. We describe strain types causing CDI and evaluate their association with patient outcomes.",
... | NAP1 was the most prevalent strain and a predictor of severe disease, severe outcome, and death. Strategies to reduce NAP1 prevalence, such as antibiotic stewardship to reduce fluoroquinolone use, might reduce CDI morbidity. | yes |
24,586,782 | Are the status of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody associated with the effect of anti-TNFα agent treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate whether the status of rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibody are associated with the clinical response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
"A systemic lite... | Neither the RF nor anti-CCP antibody status in RA patients is associated with a clinical response to anti-TNFα treatment. | no |
24,586,785 | Does up-regulation of microRNA-190b play a role for decreased IGF-1 that induces insulin resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin-like growth factor, (IGF)-1, is produced mainly by the liver and plays important roles in promoting growth and regulating metabolism. Previous study reported that development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was accompanied by a significant reduction in serum IGF-1 levels. Here, we hypot... | Increased expression of miR-190 may cause decreased IGF-1 in HCC development. Insulin resistance appears to be a part of the physiopathologic significance of decreased IGF-1 levels in HCC progression. This study provides a novel miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism for controlling IGF-1 expression in HCC and elucidates ... | yes |
24,584,039 | Does zidovudine induce visceral mitochondrial toxicity and intra-abdominal fat gain in a rodent model of lipodystrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of zidovudine is associated with a loss of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). We assessed if zidovudine treatment also affects visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and if uridine supplementation abrogates the adverse effects of zidovudine on VAT.",
"Rats were fed zidovudine for 21 weeks with... | Zidovudine induces a gain of intra-abdominal fat in association with quantitative and qualitative alterations of the mitochondrial genome and impaired expression of mtDNA-encoded respiratory chain components, indicating that zidovudine may contribute to abdominal fat hypertrophy in HIV-infected patients. In this rodent... | yes |
24,616,624 | Are noninvasive techniques for blood pressure measurement a reliable alternative to direct measurement : a randomized crossover trial in ICU? | {
"contexts": [
"Noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring methods are widely used in critically ill patients despite poor evidence of their accuracy. The erroneous interpretations of blood pressure (BP) may lead to clinical errors.",
"To test the accuracy and reliability of aneroid (ABP) and oscillometric... | BP measurements with different devices produced significantly different results. Since in critically ill patients the importance of BP readings is often crucial, noninvasive techniques cannot be regarded as reliable alternatives to direct measurements. | no |
24,586,289 | Does degeneration modulate retinal response to transient exogenous oxidative injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidative injury is involved in retinal and macular degeneration. We aim to assess if retinal degeneration associated with genetic defect modulates the retinal threshold for encountering additional oxidative challenges.",
"Retinal oxidative injury was induced in degenerating retinas (rd10) an... | This data suggests that degenerating rd10 retinas encounter a relatively lower degree of damage in response to oxidative injury compared with normal retinas. Constitutive up-regulation of the oxidative defense mechanism in degenerating retinas may confer such relative protection from oxidative injury. | yes |
24,589,600 | Does [ miR-221 mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related gene expressions via regulation of PTEN/Akt signaling in drug-resistant glioma cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the correlation between miR-221 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in drug-resistant glioma cells.",
"The expression levels of miR-221, PTEN, p-Akt, E-cadherin, vimentin, and MRP1 were quantitatively analyzed in Z1 cells (primary drug-resistant cells), Z2 cells (drug-s... | MiR-221 regulates the expression of EMT-related genes through down-regulation of PTEN and activation of PI3-K/Akt signaling. | yes |
24,591,890 | Is risk of malignancy index sensitive in detecting non-epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumor? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the value of risk of malignancy index in detection of ovarian cancer and referral of adnexal masses.",
"Patients scheduled for surgery due to adnexal mass between May 2008 and August 2009 were prospectively included in the study. Risk of malignancy index (RMI) was calculated for ... | RMI is not adequate in detecting malignant cases in a population with high non-epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumor prevalence. | no |
24,604,589 | Is neoadjuvant radiation therapy prior to total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer associated with postoperative complications using current techniques? | {
"contexts": [
"Neoadjuvant radiation therapy (RT) downstages rectal cancer but may increase postoperative morbidity. This study aims to quantify 30-day complication rates after total mesorectal excision (TME) using current techniques and to assess for an association of these complications with neoadjuvant RT.",... | In a cohort undergoing TME using current techniques, neoadjuvant RT was not associated with 30-day postoperative morbidity or mortality. | no |
24,613,094 | Is percentage body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry associated with menstrual recovery in adolescents with anorexia nervosa? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate mediators of resumption of menses (ROM) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).",
"Anthropometrics, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hormonal studies, and responses to mental health screens were obtained at 6-month intervals for 18 months in 37 adolescents ... | Percentage body fat may be an additional, useful clinical assessment to follow in caring for adolescents with AN. | yes |
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