pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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17,272,249 | Does preoperative low molecular weight heparin reduce heparin responsiveness during cardiac surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass requires systemic anticoagulation, defined by an activated clotting time (ACT) of 400-480 sec. Patients with altered heparin responsiveness require disproportionately higher doses of heparin to achieve this target ACT. A common risk factor for heparin r... | Prolonged preoperative LMWH therapy, similar to the known effect of prolonged unfractionated heparin infusion, reduces subsequent intraoperative response to heparin. | yes |
17,294,732 | Does [ Hyperbaric oxygen improve long-term learning-memory deficits and brain injury in neonatal rat with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on long-term learning-memory disabilities and brain injury induced by hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rat.",
"In the study, eighteen rats aged seven days were divid into three groups: (1) sham-operated group (SHAM), (2) hypoxia-ischemia group ... | Single HBO (2.5 ATA, 1.5 h) can significantly improve long-term learning-memory deficits and attenuate brain injury in rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage. | yes |
17,296,399 | Do botulinum toxin type a injections into the trigone to treat idiopathic overactive bladder induce vesicoureteral reflux? | {
"contexts": [
"We assessed the generation of vesicoureteral reflux before and after injection of botulinum toxin A into the trigone of patients with nonneurogenic overactive bladder, and evaluated its short-term efficacy.",
"Adults with nonneurogenic overactive bladder resistant to behavioral treatments, pe... | Botulinum toxin A injection into the trigone does not induce de novo vesicoureteral reflux in patients with nonneurogenic overactive bladder. The therapeutic value of this approach remains to be confirmed and compared to other injection designs. | no |
17,289,884 | Do fOXP3+ regulatory T cells affect the development and progression of hepatocarcinogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes represent the host immune response to cancer. CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) suppress the immune reaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathologic significance and roles of Tregs and CD8+ T cells during hepatocarcinogenesis.... | Tregs play a role in controlling the immune response to HCC during the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. It has been suggested that primary hepatic cancers develop in liver that is immunosuppressed by a marked infiltration of Tregs. A high prevalence of Tregs infiltrating HCC is thought to be an unfavorable prognost... | yes |
17,299,101 | Does adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 modulate adiposity and energy homeostasis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether adipocyte enhancer binding protein (AEBP) 1, a transcriptional repressor that is down-regulated during adipogenesis, functions as a critical regulator of adipose tissue homeostasis through modulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) tumor sup... | Our results suggest that AEBP1 negatively regulates adipose tissue PTEN levels, in conjunction with its role in proliferation and differentiation of pre-adipocytes, as a key functional role in modulation of in vivo adiposity. | yes |
17,299,105 | Does chronic tachygastrial electrical stimulation reduce food intake in dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"Tachygastria is known to be associated with gastric hypomotility. This study investigated the effect of tachygastrial electrical stimulation (TES) on food intake and its effects on gastric motility.",
"Five experiments were performed to study the effects of TES on gastric slow waves, gastric ... | TES at the distal antrum results in a significant reduction in food intake in dogs, and this inhibitory effect is probably attributed to TES-induced reduction in proximal gastric tone, gastric accommodation, antral contractility, and gastric emptying. These data suggest a therapeutic potential of the specific method of... | yes |
17,276,423 | Does lack of NF-kappaB1 ( p105/p50 ) attenuate unloading-induced downregulation of PPARalpha and PPARalpha-regulated gene expression in rodent heart? | {
"contexts": [
"Unloading of the rodent heart activates the fetal gene program, decreases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) and PPARalpha-regulated gene expression (MCAD), and induces cardiomyocyte atrophy. NF-kappaB regulates the fetal gene program and PPARalpha-regulated gene express... | The IKKbeta/p65/p50 pathway is activated in the unloaded rodent heart and a likely regulator for the downregulation of PPARalpha and PPARalpha-regulated gene expression. | yes |
17,296,634 | Is waist-to-hip ratio associated with pulmonary gas exchange in the morbidly obese? | {
"contexts": [
"Morbidly obese individuals (ie, body mass index [BMI], > or = 40 kg/m2) may have a pulmonary gas exchange impairment due to the large fat mass surrounding their abdomen.",
"To examine the effect of the waist-to-hip (W/H) ratio on pulmonary gas exchange in the morbidly obese.",
"Twenty-fiv... | Morbidly obese men showed a trend to have poorer pulmonary gas exchange compared to morbidly obese women, and a significant part of the blood gas status in these patients is associated with the W/H ratio. | yes |
17,296,635 | Does lung function accurately predict hypercapnia in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), implementation of mechanical ventilation depends on sleep investigation and measurement of CO2 tension. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine which noninvasive lung function parameter best predicts nocturnal hypercapnia an... | Lung function is useful to predict nocturnal hypercapnia in patients with DMD. Moreover, VC < 680 mL is very sensitive to predict daytime hypercapnia. | yes |
17,287,240 | Does visual recognition memory differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson 's disease dementia? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare cognitive impairments in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), to discriminate between the two entities.",
"10 DLB and 12 PDD consecutive patients performed a neuropsychological battery designed to assess several cognitive domains: verbal and visua... | Despite global similarities in cognitive performances between DLB and PDD patients, we observed important differences: in particular, DMS-48, a test of visual object recognition memory and visual storage capacity, was poorer in DLB patients. | yes |
17,270,527 | Do second lumbrical muscle recordings improve localization in severe carpal tunnel syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine how often the second lumbrical motor potential is present when the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) motor potential is absent in severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).",
"Prospective study of consecutive patients with severe CTS and an absent motor potential from the APB.",
"Sing... | Second lumbrical recordings improve localization in many patients with severe CTS when routine median sensory and motor conduction studies produce no potentials. | yes |
17,295,190 | Is digoxin transport by renal proximal tubule cells enhanced by adhesive synthetic RGD peptide? | {
"contexts": [
"The dialyzer apparatus has been widely used as an artificial kidney in medical treatment. However, side effects such as amyloidosis have occurred during long-term treatment. Therefore, we focused on developing a hybrid artificial kidney with a filtration and reabsorption apparatus, but it was fou... | Under initial and confluent conditions, immobilized cell density in Pronectin F-coated wells was higher than that under other conditions. Transepithelial electrical resistance and digoxin transport activity on Pronectin F-coated membranes were the highest of all conditions. This might have been caused by uniform cell m... | yes |
17,287,419 | Do plasma resistin levels correlate with determinants of the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of resistin in insulin sensitivity and obesity is controversial. Some authors suggest that increased serum resistin levels are associated with obesity, visceral fat, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and inflammation, while others failed to observe such correlations. The aim of the pre... | Plasma resistin levels are increased in presence of the metabolic syndrome and are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. | yes |
17,296,428 | Is endoscopic treatment with stabilized nonanimal hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel effective in vesicoureteral reflux associated with bladder dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Endoscopic injection of stabilized nonanimal hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel is an established treatment for vesicoureteral reflux in children. We performed a subgroup analysis to assess this treatment in reflux associated with bladder dysfunction.",
"Of 308 consecutive children treated endos... | Endoscopic treatment with stabilized nonanimal hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel appears to be similarly effective in patients with vesicoureteral reflux with and without bladder dysfunction. These data indicate that bladder dysfunction should not be considered a contraindication to endoscopic treatment for reflux. | yes |
17,291,784 | Does dysfunction of reward processing correlate with alcohol craving in detoxified alcoholics? | {
"contexts": [
"Alcohol dependence may be associated with dysfunction of mesolimbic circuitry, such that anticipation of nonalcoholic reward fails to activate the ventral striatum, while alcohol-associated cues continue to activate this region. This may lead alcoholics to crave the pharmacological effects of alc... | These results suggest that mesolimbic activation in alcoholics is biased towards processing of alcohol cues. This might explain why alcoholics find it particularly difficult to focus on conventional reward cues and engage in alternative rewarding activities. | yes |
17,287,908 | Does vitamin K2 supplementation improve hip bone geometry and bone strength indices in postmenopausal women? | {
"contexts": [
"Vitamin K mediates the synthesis of proteins regulating bone metabolism. We have tested whether high vitamin K(2) intake promotes bone mineral density and bone strength. Results showed that K(2) improved BMC and femoral neck width, but not DXA-BMD. Hence high vitamin K(2) intake may contribute to... | Vitamin K(2) helps maintaining bone strength at the site of the femoral neck in postmenopausal women by improving BMC and FNW, whereas it has little effect on DXA-BMD. | yes |
17,276,372 | Does human herpesvirus 6B inhibit cell proliferation by a p53-independent pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Various forms of cellular stress can activate the tumour suppressor protein p53, an important regulator of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. Cells infected by human herpesvirus 6B (HHV-6B) accumulate aberrant amounts of p53.",
"The aim of this study was to investigate the... | HHV-6B infection inhibited host cell proliferation concomitantly with p53 accumulation, but importantly the block in cell cycle occurred by a pathway independent of p53. | yes |
17,275,008 | Are both long-term HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy independent risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"There is controversy over whether or not chronic HIV infection contributes to atherosclerosis. We investigated the relationship between HIV infection, antiretroviral medication and ultrasound evidence of early atherosclerosis in the context of vascular risk factors.",
"A case-control design w... | HIV infection and HAART are independent risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis. Assuming a risk ratio similar to that in large population-based cohorts, the observed IMT elevation suggests that vascular risk is 4-14% greater and the "vascular age" 4-5 years higher in HIV-positive subjects. The underlying mechan... | yes |
17,292,422 | Does liposomal gene transfer of keratinocyte growth factor improve wound healing by altering growth factor and collagen expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Growth factors affect the complex cascade of wound healing; however, interaction between different growth factors during dermal and epidermal regeneration are still not entirely defined. In the present study, we thought to determine the interaction between keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) adminis... | Exogenous administered KGF cDNA causes increases in IGF-I, IGF-BP3, FGF, and collagen IV and decreases TGF-beta concentration. KGF gene transfer accelerates wound healing without causing an increase in collagen I or III. | yes |
17,289,863 | Are genotypes and haplotypes of the VEGF gene associated with higher mortality and lower VEGF plasma levels in patients with ARDS? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial injury is an important prognostic factor in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in endothelial destruction and angiogenesis. Genetic variations of the VEGF gene have been associated with VEGF production. A study w... | VEGF polymorphisms may contribute to the prognosis and inter-individual variations in circulating VEGF levels in patients with ARDS. | yes |
17,295,631 | Does rTMS reveal premotor cortex dysfunction in frontal lobe epilepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies of motor cortex excitability provided evidence that focal epilepsies may alter the excitability of cortical areas distant from the epileptogenic zone. In order to explore this hypothesis we studied the functional connectivity between premotor and motor cortex in seven patients with fronta... | These results show that the functional connectivity between premotor and motor cortex or motor cortex interneuronal excitability is impaired in the epileptogenic hemisphere in frontal lobe epilepsy while it is normal in the nonepileptogenic hemisphere. | yes |
17,295,923 | Does gene expression analysis in human osteoblasts exposed to dexamethasone identify altered developmental pathways as putative drivers of osteoporosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Osteoporosis, a disease of decreased bone mineral density represents a significant and growing burden in the western world. Aging population structure and therapeutic use of glucocorticoids have contributed in no small way to the increase in the incidence of this disease. Despite substantial inve... | The WNT pathway is a key regulator of skeletogenesis as well as differentiation of bone cells. Reactivation of this pathway may lead to altered osteoblast activity resulting in decreased bone mineral density, the pathological hallmark of osteoporosis. The data herein lend weight to the hypothesis that alterations in de... | yes |
17,295,922 | Does quantum dot-induced cell death involve Fas upregulation and lipid peroxidation in human neuroblastoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuroblastoma, a frequently occurring solid tumour in children, remains a therapeutic challenge as existing imaging tools are inadequate for proper and accurate diagnosis, resulting in treatment failures. Nanoparticles have recently been introduced to the field of cancer research and promise rema... | QD core and surface compositions, as well as QD stability, all influence nanoparticle internalization and the consequent cytotoxicity. Cadmium telluride QD-induced toxicity involves the upregulation of the Fas receptor and lipid peroxidation, leading to impaired neuroblastoma cell functions. Further improvements of nan... | yes |
17,296,372 | Does the relationship between serum prostate specific antigen level and tumor volume persist in the current era? | {
"contexts": [
"We compared the relationships of serum prostate specific antigen to tumor volume and to noncancerous prostate tissue volume using multivariate analysis in men undergoing prostatectomy during 2 periods.",
"From our prostatectomy database we randomly selected 200 men from 1991 to 1994 (early gr... | Although the relationship between serum prostate specific antigen and tumor volume decreased from early treatment years to recent years, the association remained at a significant level. In recent years noncancerous prostate tissue volume had the most significant association with prostate specific antigen. | yes |
17,272,253 | Does a heated humidifier reduce laryngo- pharyngeal complaints after brief laryngeal mask anesthesia? | {
"contexts": [
"Warming and humidification of inspired gases is standard care for intubated patients whose lungs are ventilated mechanically for prolonged periods. We examined whether active humidification of inspired gases might reduce laryngo-pharyngeal discomfort in patients undergoing brief laryngeal mask ai... | Active warming and humidification of inspired gases has no clinically appreciable effect in reducing the incidence and severity of laryngo-pharyngeal complaints after brief (<two hours) LMA anesthesia. | no |
17,289,288 | Does androgen deprivation therapy impact cause-specific or overall survival in high-risk prostate cancer managed with brachytherapy and supplemental external beam? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine cause-specific survival (CSS), biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS), and overall survival (OS) in high-risk prostate cancer patients undergoing brachytherapy with or without supplemental therapies.",
"Between April 1995 and July 2002, 204 patients with high-risk prostate ... | The ADT improved 10-year bPFS without statistical impact on CSS or OS. Death as a result of cardiovascular/pulmonary disease and second malignancies were more than twice as common as prostate cancer deaths. Strategies to improve cardiovascular health should positively impact OS. | no |
17,273,000 | Does mannose-binding lectin deficiency increase the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity? | {
"contexts": [
"Mannose-binding lectin is an immune molecule that can bind to pathogens and initiate the complement cascade. In certain clinical situations, often characterized by immune compromise, mannose-binding lectin deficiency can increase the risk of infectious complications. Helicobacter pylori is one of... | Mannose-binding lectin deficiency does not increase the risk of H. pylori infection. The finding in one population that greater mannose-binding lectin activity might predispose to infection, suggests that this study should be repeated in other large cohorts of normal subjects. | no |
17,298,834 | Does rosuvastatin improve basal nitric oxide activity of the renal vasculature in patients with hypercholesterolemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation represents an early manifestation of atherosclerosis. Prospective studies have demonstrated that impaired endothelial function in the peripheral circulation of hypercholesterolemic patients predicts CV events and can be restored by statin treatment. Whe... | Treatment with rosuvastatin improved basal NOS activity in the renal circulation of hypercholesterolemic patients, suggestive of a nephroprotective effect. In view of the close relation between altered renal function and cardiovascular events, these nephroprotective effects may contribute to the improved CV prognosis a... | yes |
17,272,256 | Does the laryngeal mask airway prevent supraglottic leak during ventilation through an uncuffed cricothyroidotomy? | {
"contexts": [
"A 'cannot intubate-cannot ventilate' situation requires emergency insertion of an infraglottic surgical airway. We present a case of postoperative macroglossia requiring emergency insertion of an uncuffed percutaneous cricothyroidotomy tube. The supraglottic leak was eliminated by the insertion o... | In a patient with postoperative macroglossia in a 'cannot intubate-cannot ventilate' situation, effective oxygenation was restored by insertion of an uncuffed cricothyroidotomy, but ventilation was affected by a substantial supraglottic leak. A new strategy using an inflated laryngeal mask airway with an occluded conne... | yes |
17,272,254 | Does preoxygenation with the Mapleson D system require higher oxygen flows than Mapleson A or circle systems? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigates the efficacy of preoxygenation with Mapleson A and Mapleson D breathing systems vs the circle system with CO2 absorber.",
"Thirteen healthy volunteers underwent tidal volume breathing for three minutes via facemask using Mapleson A, Mapleson D breathing systems or the ... | When using the Mapleson A and the circle systems for preoxygenation, an oxygen flow rate of 5 L.min-1 can adequately preoxygenate the patient within three minutes, while an oxygen flow of 10 L.min-1 is required to achieve a similar fractional end-tidal O2 concentration with the Mapleson D system. | yes |
24,588,865 | Is cXCL1 a negative regulator of mast cell chemotaxis to airway smooth muscle cell products in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Activated mast cells (MC) numbers on airway smooth muscle (ASM) are increased in eosinophilic asthma. In vitro, asthmatic cytokine-stimulated ASM cell-conditioned medium (CM) induces more MC chemotaxis than CM from nonasthmatic ASM cells. Intriguingly the nonasthmatic ASM CM inhibits MC chemotaxi... | CXCL1 was a major factor regulating MC chemotaxis in vitro. Its differential release by ASM cells may explain the differences observed in MC localization to the ASM of people with and without asthma. | yes |
24,599,060 | Is elevated serum interleukin-18 level associated with all-cause mortality in stable hemodialysis patients independently of cardiac dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"High circulating interleukin (IL)-18 level predicts a higher hospitalization rate among dialysis patients, possibly through cardiovascular mechanisms; however, whether higher IL-18 level is associated with mortality in dialysis patients is less clear. In addition, its impacts on left ventricular ... | Hemodialysis patients with high IL-18 levels tend to have worse LV systolic function and higher mortality rate. However, elevated serum IL-18 level is predictive of poor prognosis among stable hemodialysis patients, independently of LV dysfunction. This suggests an additional value of IL-18 to echocardiographic study i... | yes |
24,592,821 | Does incorporation of arsenic trioxide in induction therapy improve survival of patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"For patients with acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL), negative reading of a promyelocytic leukaemia/retinoic acid receptor-alpha (PML-RARα) transcript after induction therapy correlates with a good prognosis. However, in the majority of patients given all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)/anthracycline... | The addition of ATO in the induction regimen was associated with an improved overall outcome for patients with de novo APL, with rather low relapse rate and better long-term survival. | yes |
24,603,122 | Do volatile compounds of Salvadora persica inhibit the growth of oral Candida species? | {
"contexts": [
"The antibacterial effect of Salvadora persica has been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. However, data on its possible antifungal effect is scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal effect of solid or pulverized S. persica on clinically important oral... | Volatile compounds of S. persica have antifungal activity against oral Candida species. Storage time after harvesting may play an important role for the strength of this antifungal activity. | yes |
24,614,108 | Do transport properties of pancreatic cancer describe gemcitabine delivery and response? | {
"contexts": [
"The therapeutic resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is partly ascribed to ineffective delivery of chemotherapy to cancer cells. We hypothesized that physical properties at vascular, extracellular, and cellular scales influence delivery of and response to gemcitabine-based therap... | Gemcitabine incorporation into tumor DNA is highly variable and correlates with multiscale transport properties that can be derived from routine CT scans. Furthermore, pretherapy CT-derived properties correlate with clinically relevant endpoints. | yes |
24,593,202 | Do frequencies of circulating IL-17-producing CD4+CD161+ T cells and CD4+CD161+ T cells correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that is primarily driven by effector T cells, particularly Th17 cells, which are mainly contained within CD4+CD161+ T cells. Thus, we aimed to explore whether the frequencies of circulating IL-17-producing CD4+CD161+ T cells and CD4+CD161+ ... | These results support the hypothesis that Th17 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest that circulating CD4+CD161+ T cells are a potential biomarker of RA disease activity. | yes |
24,611,720 | Does integrin β3 mediate cerebrovascular remodelling through Src/ClC-3 volume-regulated Cl ( - ) channel signalling pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebrovascular remodelling is one of the important risk factors of stroke. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. Integrin β3 and volume-regulated ClC-3 Cl(-) channels have recently been implicated as important contributors to vascular cell proliferation. Therefore, we investigated the role of i... | Integrin β3 mediates cerebrovascular remodelling during hypertension via Src/ClC-3 signalling pathway. | yes |
24,609,217 | Does aortic pulse wave velocity predict mortality in chronic kidney disease stages 2-4? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by aortic stiffness and increased cardiovascular mortality. In end-stage renal disease, aortic stiffness predicts mortality, whereas this role remains uncertain in mild-to-moderate CKD. We aimed to investigate whether aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV)... | These results provide the first direct evidence that in patients with CKD stage 2-4, increased aortic stiffness determined by aPWV is a strong independent predictor of all-cause mortality. | yes |
24,609,215 | Do angiotensin II receptor type 1 autoantibodies promote endothelial microparticles formation through activating p38 MAPK pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are small vesicular structures that serve as a marker of endothelial function. Angiotensin II receptor type 1 autoantibody (AT1-AA) can cause endothelial dysfunction. However, whether AT1-AA promotes EMPs formation and the mechanism remains obscure.",
"The ti... | Our findings showed that circulating EMPs levels positively correlate to the serum AT1-AA titres in essential hypertension patients. The AT1-AA could promote EMPs generation in HUVECs through activation of P38 MAPK signalling pathway, and this effect could be effectively inhibited by losartan or p38 inhibitor. Angioten... | yes |
24,587,596 | Does rapamycin attenuate endothelial apoptosis induced by low shear stress via mTOR and sestrin1 related redox regulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies indicate the dramatic reduction of shear stress (SS) within the rapamycin eluting stent (RES) segment of coronary arteries. It remains unclear about the role of rapamycin in endothelialization of stented arteries where SS becomes low. Since mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway is ... | Rapamycin may prohibit sestrin1 downregulation through targeting mTORC2 in appeasing LSS induced EC oxidative apoptosis. Our results provide the in vitro evidence to explain the pathophysiology of RES stented arteries. | yes |
24,595,168 | Does caffeine mediate sustained inactivation of breast cancer-associated myofibroblasts via up-regulation of tumor suppressor genes? | {
"contexts": [
"Active cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) or myofibroblasts play important roles not only in the development and progression of breast carcinomas, but also in their prognosis and treatment. Therefore, targeting these cells through suppressing their supportive procarcinogenic paracrine effects i... | The present findings provide a proof of principle that breast cancer myofibroblasts can be inactivated, and thereby caffeine may provide a safe and effective prevention against breast tumor growth/recurrence through inhibition of the procarcinogenic effects of active stromal fibroblasts. | yes |
24,610,185 | Are team structure and culture associated with lower burnout in primary care? | {
"contexts": [
"Burnout is a threat to the primary care workforce. We investigated the relationship between team structure, team culture, and emotional exhaustion of clinicians and staff in primary care practices.",
"We surveyed 231 clinicians and 280 staff members of 10 public and 6 university-run primary c... | Fostering team culture may be an important strategy to protect against exhaustion in primary care and enhance the benefit of tight team structures. | yes |
24,612,001 | Does retinoic acid receptor stimulation ameliorate experimental autoimmune optic neuritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether all-trans retinoic acid or a synthetic retinoic acid receptor-α/β-specific agonist, Am80, can reduce the degree of experimental autoimmune optic neuritis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.",
"Optic neuritis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by immunizing th... | These findings demonstrate that all-trans retinoic acid and Am80 treatment were able to reduce the severity of optic neuritis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Activation of retinoic acid receptor-α/β may be a molecular target for the treatment of autoimmune optic neuritis induced by Th1 or Th17-d... | yes |
24,603,306 | Does the Sirt1 activator SRT3025 provide atheroprotection in Apoe-/- mice by reducing hepatic Pcsk9 secretion and enhancing Ldlr expression? | {
"contexts": [
"The deacetylase sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) exerts beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, but its roles in plasma LDL-cholesterol regulation and atherosclerosis are controversial. Thus, we applied the pharmacological Sirt1 activator SRT3025 in a mouse model of atherosclerosis and in hepatocyte culture.",
... | We identify reduction in Pcsk9 secretion as a novel effect of Sirt1 activity and uncover Ldlr as a prerequisite for Sirt1-mediated atheroprotection in mice. Pharmacological activation of Sirt1 appears promising to be tested in patients for its effects on plasma Pcsk9, LDL-cholesterol, and atherosclerosis. | yes |
24,595,856 | Does treatment with brain natriuretic peptide prevent the development of cardiac dysfunction in obese diabetic db/db mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity and diabetes increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and heart failure. These metabolic disorders are generally reflected by natriuretic peptide system deficiency. Since brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is known to influence metabolism and cardioprotection, we investigated ... | Our results indicate that chronic BNP treatment at low dose improves the metabolic profile and prevents the development of myocardial dysfunction in db/db mice. | yes |
24,587,132 | Do microRNA gene polymorphisms and environmental factors increase patient susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA fragments that naturally exist in the human body. Through various physiological mechanisms, miRNAs can generate different functions for regulating RNA protein levels and balancing abnormalities. Abnormal miRNA expression has been reported to be highly related to ... | These results suggest that a significant association exists between miRNA499 SNPs and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene-environment interactions of miRNA499 polymorphisms, smoking, and alcohol consumption might alter hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility. | yes |
24,610,727 | Does pDE-5 inhibition improve skin flap viability in rats that are exposed to nicotine? | {
"contexts": [
"Nicotine causes ischemia and necrosis of skin flaps. Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibition enhances blood flow and vasculogenesis. This study examines skin flap survival in rats exposed to nicotine that are treated with and without PDE-5 inhibition.",
"Eighty six rats were divided into five ... | PDE-5 inhibition exhibits a dose-dependent reduction in skin flap necrosis in rats exposed to nicotine. This suggests that PDE-5 inhibition may mitigate the ill effects of smoking on skin flaps. | yes |
24,612,386 | Is nF-κB activated from endosomal compartments in antiphospholipid antibodies-treated human monocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease associated with arterial or venous thrombosis and/or recurrent fetal loss and is caused by pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA). We recently demonstrated that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and CD14 contribute to monocyte... | We show that TLR2 and its co-receptors, TLR1 and TLR6, contribute to the pathogenicity of aPLA, that aPLA are internalized via clathrin- and CD14-dependent endocytosis and that endocytosis is required for NF-κB activation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the APS and provide a possible therapeutic ap... | yes |
24,605,034 | Does sweet food improve chronic stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether palatable sweet foods have a beneficial effect on chronic stress-induced colonic motility and inflammatory cytokines.",
"Adult male rats were divided into 3 groups: control (CON, n = 5), chronic variable stress with chow (CVS-A, n = 6), and chronic variable stress with ... | These results suggest that concurrent sweet food ingestion during CVS might have an effect on the reduction of stress-induced colonic hyper-motility and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in rats. | yes |
24,607,686 | Is andrographolide sodium bisulfate-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular endothelial cells a ROS-mediated pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"The nephrotoxic mechanisms of andrographolide sodium bisulfate (ASB) remain largely unknown. This study attempted to explore the mechanism of ASB-induced nephrotoxicity using human proximal tubular endothelial cells (HK-2).",
"For this study HK-2 cells were treated with rising concentrations ... | The data show that ASB induces high levels of ROS generation in HK-2 cells and activates JNK signaling. Furthermore, ASB induces cell apoptosis via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway, and induces cellular autophagy, in part by enhancing Beclin-1 protein expression. | yes |
24,611,751 | Is atopy in children with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( SoJIA ) associated with a worse outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Atopy and systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA) are two potential outcomes of a dysregulated immune system. Although rare, SoJIA causes 60% of the morbidity of JIA patients which exhibit a wide heterogeneity of prognosis and treatment. Co-morbidities can complicate the responses to... | Atopy may exert an adverse influence on SoJIA, as patients with atopy had a more active disease at diagnosis and poorer outcome. This prospective study showed that the TH1/TH2 hypothesis was too simplistic to explain the interaction between atopy and SoJIA. | yes |
24,593,912 | Do n-methyl-D-aspartate receptors amplify activation and aggregation of human platelets? | {
"contexts": [
"Glutamate is stored in platelet dense granules and large amounts (>400 μM) are released during thrombus formation. N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptors (NMDARs) have been shown in platelets but their roles are unclear.",
"Platelet activation indices (CD62P expression and PAC-1 binding) an... | Our results support an active role for NMDARs in platelets, in a process that involves activation-dependent receptor relocation towards the platelet surface. | yes |
24,593,916 | Does the risk of HIV transmission within HIV-1 sero-discordant couples appear to vary across sub-Saharan Africa? | {
"contexts": [
"Representative and precise estimates for the annual risk of HIV transmission (ϕ) from the infected to the uninfected partner in a stable HIV-1 sero-discordant couple (SDC) are not available. Nevertheless, quantifying HIV infectiousness is critical to understanding HIV epidemiology and implementin... | Empirical measures from cohort studies appear to underestimate HIV infectiousness in SSA. The risk of HIV transmission among SDCs appears also to vary across SSA, and this may have contributed to the contrasting HIV epidemic trajectories in this continent. | yes |
24,597,613 | Is jAK2/STAT5/Bcl-xL signalling essential for erythropoietin-mediated protection against apoptosis induced in PC12 cells by the amyloid β-peptide Aβ25-35? | {
"contexts": [
"Erythropoietin (EPO) exerts neuroprotective actions in the CNS, including protection against apoptosis induced by the amyloid β-peptide Aβ25-35 . However, it remains unclear which signalling pathway activated by EPO is involved in this neuroprotection. Here, we have investigated whether JAK2/STAT... | EPO protected PC12 cells against Aβ25-35 -induced neurotoxicity. Activation of JAK2/STAT5/Bcl-xL pathway was important in EPO-mediated neuroprotection. EPO may serve as a novel protective agent against Aβ25-35 -induced cytotoxicity in, for instance, Alzheimer's disease. | yes |
24,594,401 | Does incidental mediastinal dose explain low mediastinal node recurrence rates in patients with early-stage NSCLC treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) do not undergo a staging mediastinoscopy, yet reported mediastinal recurrence rates appear lower than in patients undergoing surgical resection. We determined incidental SBRT doses to asses... | Low mediastinal recurrence rates in stage I NSCLC treated with SBRT validates the omission of staging mediastinoscopy. The low incidental dose to MLNSs does not seem to explain the low mediastinal recurrence in the majority of patients. Our findings also confirm that prophylactic radiation to the mediastinum is not nec... | no |
24,588,739 | Are molecular abnormalities of the B cell in systemic lupus erythematosus candidates for functional inhibition treatments? | {
"contexts": [
"The B cell is a key player in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Loss of B cell tolerance resulting in autoantibody production and immune complex formation and deposition are central features of the disease. B cell overactivity is a hallmark of SLE and molecular abnormalities... | Attempts to target the B cell in SLE have been made through depletion, blocking of survival factors and co-receptor inhibition. However, the still unmet need for effective therapy of refractory disease makes the necessity for new drugs impelling. | yes |
24,593,209 | Is elevated miR-29a expression correlated with disease activity index in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by new bone formation. Recent evidence suggests that new bone formation in AS may be due to upregulation of Wnt signaling in the osteoblastic pathway secondary to low serum Dickkopf homolog 1 (Dkk-1) levels. And miR-29a o... | We report for the first time elevated miR-29a expression in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and miR-29a might be used as a useful diagnostic marker in new bone formation but cannot reflect disease activity. | no |
24,607,050 | Are alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms common in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease? | {
"contexts": [
"A large percentage of patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) report the development of alcohol-induced respiratory reactions, but the true prevalence of respiratory reactions caused by alcoholic beverages in these patients was not known.",
"We sought to evaluate the inci... | Alcohol ingestion causes respiratory reactions in the majority of patients with AERD, and clinicians should be aware that these alcohol-induced reactions are significantly more common in AERD than in controls who are aspirin tolerant. | yes |
24,593,203 | Is silica exposure associated with an increased risk of developing ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis in an Asian population : evidence from the Malaysian MyEIRA case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"Silica exposure has been associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially among smokers. In this study, we aimed at examining the association between silica exposure (and its interaction with smoking) and the risk of RA in the Malaysian population.",
"In t... | Our data demonstrate that exposure to both silica and cigarette smoke comprise risks for developing RA in the Malaysian genetic context. The findings expand a link between environmental lung exposures and ACPA-positive RA to Asian populations. | yes |
24,584,737 | Does acute intravenous injection of serelaxin ( recombinant human relaxin-2 ) cause rapid and sustained bradykinin-mediated vasorelaxation? | {
"contexts": [
"A recent clinical trial (RELAXin in Acute Heart Failure [RELAX-AHF]) demonstrated that 48 hours of continuous intravenous infusion of the vasorelaxant peptide serelaxin (recombinant human relaxin-2) to patients with acute heart failure reduced cardiovascular mortality at 180 days. The persistence... | Our data show that a bolus intravenous injection of serelaxin modulates endothelial vasodilator function 3 hours after administration, an effect that was sustained for 24 hours. The prolonged bradykinin-mediated vasorelaxation is principally mediated through prostacyclin. | yes |
24,588,292 | Does harm reduction behaviors among young polysubstance users at rave? | {
"contexts": [
"Raves may be considered recreational settings in which drug use and health risks related to polydrug use are higher than in others. Harm reduction behaviors implemented by ravers are of particular relevance in reducing such risks. This study analyzes harm reduction behaviors and their relationshi... | This study provides empirical information that may be useful for harm reduction intervention in a hidden and hard-to-reach population like rave attendees. The results point to the need to inform and increase harm reduction behavior specifically aimed at polysubstance use by ravers, especially among more frequent users.... | yes |
24,601,864 | Do periostin levels correlate with disease severity and chronicity in patients with atopic dermatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent findings indicate that periostin, an extracellular matrix protein induced by T helper 2 cytokines, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD).",
"To determine whether serum periostin level is associated with clinical phenotype in adult patients with AD.",
"... | Periostin may play a critical role in disease severity and chronicity in the pathogenesis of AD. | yes |
24,597,481 | Are extensive dysregulations of oligodendrocytic and astrocytic connexins associated with disease progression in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model? | {
"contexts": [
"Non-cell-autonomous motor neuronal death is suggested in a mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (mSOD1)-mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) model, in which glial cells play significant roles in disease progression. Connexins (Cxs) form homotypic or heterotypic gap junctions (GJs) and allo... | Our findings indicate that oligodendrocytic and astrocytic GJ proteins in the anterior horns of spinal cord in mSOD1-Tg mice are profoundly affected at the disease-progressive and end stages, where disruption of GJs among glial cells may exacerbate motor neuronal death. | yes |
24,588,345 | Do illness representations predict adherence in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Most adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 diabetes struggle with diabetes self-management and exhibit suboptimal glycemic control. This study examined two models of association between illness representations, a modifiable predictor of suboptimal outcomes, and adherence and glycemic co... | Illness representations are salient predictors of adherence in this population. Interventions targeting adherence promotion and glycemic control in AYAs with type 1 diabetes may be enhanced by efforts to modify illness representations. | yes |
24,606,095 | Is oxytocin secretion related to measures of energy homeostasis in young amenorrheic athletes? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxytocin has been implicated in the modulation of energy metabolism in animals. Oxytocin knockout mice develop obesity without a change in food intake, suggesting that a lack of oxytocin may reduce metabolic rate. Furthermore, administration of oxytocin centrally reduces food intake in rats, an e... | In AA, oxytocin secretion is associated with measures of energy availability and expenditure, suggesting that oxytocin may be involved in regulation of energy balance in energy deficient states. Further studies determining the role of oxytocin in appetite and energy homeostasis in athletes are warranted. | yes |
24,605,936 | Are issues of survivorship rarely addressed during intensive care unit stays . Baseline results from a statewide quality improvement collaborative? | {
"contexts": [
"RATIONALE/OBJECTIVE: In the context of increasing survivorship from critical illness, many studies have documented persistent sequelae among survivors. However, few evidence-based therapies exist for these problems. Support groups have proven efficacy in other populations, but little is known abo... | Despite growing awareness of the problems faced by ICU survivors, in this statewide quality improvement collaborative, hospital-based support groups are rarely available, and deficiencies in transitions of care exist. Practice innovations and formal research are needed to provide ways to translate awareness of the prob... | yes |
24,616,279 | Is respiratory severity score on day of life 30 predictive of mortality and the length of mechanical ventilation in premature infants with protracted ventilation? | {
"contexts": [
"We tested the hypothesis that Respiratory Severity Score (RSS) on day of life 30 is predictive of mortality and length of mechanical ventilation in premature infants on prolonged mechanical ventilation.",
"A retrospective chart review was performed using the Nationwide Children's Hospital med... | RSS ≥ 6 on day of life 30 is associated with higher mortality and longer period of mechanical ventilation in premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation through 30 days of life. | yes |
24,595,410 | Is the relationship of the anti-oxidant bilirubin with free thyroxine modified by insulin resistance in euthyroid subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"The strong anti-oxidative properties of bilirubin largely explain its cardioprotective effects. Insulin resistance is featured by low circulating bilirubin. Thyroid hormone affects both bilirubin generation and its biliary transport, but it is unknown whether circulating bilirubin is associated w... | Low bilirubin relates to low free T4 in euthyroid non-diabetic subjects. Low normal free T4 may particularly confer low bilirubin in more insulin resistant individuals. | yes |
24,603,272 | Does intravenous midazolam dose range in older patients sedated for oral surgery -- a preliminary retrospective cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate differences in the titrated midazolam doses in older patients undergoing oral surgery procedures under intravenous sedation.",
"The records of 50 patients aged 40-92 years who had undergone oral surgery procedures under intravenous sedation at Kings Co... | Our study found a correlation between the age of the patient and the dose of midazolam required for sedation before oral surgery procedures, with, on average, older patients requiring less midazolam. A range of doses are required in any age group, but the range decreases as age increases. | yes |
24,597,571 | Does aberrant gene expression in mucosa adjacent to tumor reveal a molecular crosstalk in colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"A colorectal tumor is not an isolated entity growing in a restricted location of the body. The patient's gut environment constitutes the framework where the tumor evolves and this relationship promotes and includes a complex and tight correlation of the tumor with inflammation, blood vessels form... | The systems-level approach provides new insights into the micro-ecology of colorectal tumorogenesis. Disrupting this intricate molecular network of cell-cell communication and pro-inflammatory microenvironment could be a therapeutic target in CRC patients. | yes |
24,599,160 | Is minimal invasive aortic valve replacement surgery associated with improved survival : a propensity-matched comparison? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare early and long-term outcomes of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) versus full sternotomy (FS) isolated aortic valve replacement (AVR).",
"We retrospectively analysed all patients who underwent isolated bioprosthetic AVR between 2003 and March 2012 at our institution. Matching was pe... | MIS AVR is associated with very good early and long-term survival, despite longer myocardial ischaemic times. MIS AVR can be performed safely with results that are at least equivalent to those achieved through an FS. | yes |
24,599,168 | Do patients with old age or proximal tumors benefit from metabolic syndrome in early stage gastric cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Metabolic syndrome and/or its components have been demonstrated to be risk factors for several cancers. They are also found to influence survival in breast, colon and prostate cancer, but the prognostic value of metabolic syndrome in gastric cancer has not been investigated.",
"Clinical data ... | Metabolic syndrome was associated with a better tumor cell differentiation in patients with early stage gastric cancer. Moreover, metabolic syndrome was a significant and independent predictor for better survival in patients with old age or proximal tumors. | yes |
24,606,020 | Does delivery room management of extremely low birthweight infants show marked geographical variations in Italy? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate any geographical variations in practice and adherence to international guidelines for early delivery room management of extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants in the North, Centre and South of Italy.",
"A questionnaire was sent to all 107 directors of Italian level III centres b... | In Italy, delivery room management of ELBW infants showed marked geographical variations. Implementation of national training programmes could increase adherence to the guidelines and reduce such discordance. | yes |
24,606,022 | Is blood eosinophil count a useful biomarker to identify patients with severe eosinophilic asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Measurement of sputum or blood eosinophils may allow identification of a severe eosinophilic asthma population responsive to mepolizumab.",
"The primary objective was assessment of a single blood eosinophil measurement to predict future eosinophil measurements in the following year versus usi... | A single measurement of 150/μl or greater predicted the average of subsequent measurements being 150/μl or greater in 85% of this population. Using an average of multiple measurements only marginally increases the sensitivity. Sputum eosinophils did not predict treatment response with mepolizumab. | yes |
24,612,706 | Do [ Men with breast cancer have increased risk of other cancers ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the frequency of family history of breast cancer in male patients with breast cancer and the association with other cancers.",
"The patient group consisted of consecutive male patients managed for primary breast cancer in our institution between January 1997 and July 2012. Clin... | Male breast cancer frequently occurs in a context of family history of breast cancer. Its diagnosis must lead to the screening of prostate cancer especially in young men with family history. | yes |
24,612,701 | Do cardiac surgery nurse practitioner home visits prevent coronary artery bypass graft readmissions? | {
"contexts": [
"We designed and tested an innovative transitional care program, involving cardiac surgery nurse practitioners, to improve care continuity after patient discharge home from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations and decrease the composite end point of 30-day readmission and death.",
"A... | A home transition program providing continuity of care, communication hub, and medication management by treating hospital nurse practitioners significantly reduced the 30-day composite end point of readmission/death after CABG. More targeted resource allocation based on odds ratios of readmission may further improve re... | yes |
24,594,086 | Is hDL lipid composition profoundly altered in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic vascular disease? | {
"contexts": [
"We have previously shown that the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant functions of HDL are impaired in T2D patients. In this study, we examined whether HDL from T2D patients contains elevated levels of oxidized fatty acids and whether those levels correlate with cardiovascular disease (CVD).",
... | Patients with D⁺CVD⁻ and D⁺CVD⁺ are characterized by a severe, graded enrichment of oxidized fatty acids on HDL. In the present study, a loss of HDL function (as estimated by the HDL oxidant index) is observed only in patients with more advanced atherosclerosis. | yes |
24,599,648 | Does biofilm growth have a threshold response to glucose in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for nosocomial infections with known host effects. Increased glucose levels also increase pathogenicity of infecting microbes through greater biofilm formation. The dose response of biofilm formation to glucose concentration is not known.",
"We asked: What is th... | Increased biofilm growth by S aureus and S epidermidis has a threshold response at clinically important concentrations. | yes |
24,604,713 | Is pre-hospital electrocardiogram triage with tele-cardiology support associated with shorter time-to-balloon and higher rates of timely reperfusion even in rural areas : data from the Bari- Barletta/Andria/Trani public emergency medical service 118 registry on primary angioplasty in ST-elevation myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"We report the preliminary data from a regional registry on ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary angioplasty in Apulia, Italy; the region is covered by a single public health-care service, a single public emergency medical service (EMS), and a single tele-medici... | Pre-hospital triage with tele-cardiology ECG in an EMS registry from an area with more than one and a half million inhabitants was associated with shorter time-to-balloon and higher rates of timely treated patients, even in 'rural' areas. | yes |
24,603,304 | Does aza-deoxycytidine induce apoptosis or differentiation via DNMT3B and targets embryonal carcinoma cells but not their differentiated derivatives? | {
"contexts": [
"Teratocarcinoma is a malignant male germ cell tumour, which contains stem cells and differentiated cancer tissues. DNMT3B has been shown to be highly expressed in human teratocarcinoma stem cells, and to mediate cytotoxicity of Aza-deoxycytidine (Aza-dC) in a pluripotent stem cell line NTERA2.",
... | Our finding suggests that DNMT3B acts as an antiapoptotic gene in teratocarcinoma stem cells, and mediates apoptosis and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells induced by Aza-dC, and that Aza-dC specifically induces apoptosis of teratocarcinoma stem cells. | yes |
24,615,998 | Does mR pulse wave velocity increase with age faster in the thoracic aorta than in the abdominal aorta? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the difference between thoracic and abdominal aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) in apparently healthy subjects including young adults to elderly subjects.",
"We performed PWV and distensibility measurements and analysis of thoracic and abdominal aortic segments in 96 apparently norma... | The thoracic aorta is less stiff than the abdominal aorta in young and middle-aged subjects, and stiffens more rapidly with age than the abdominal aorta, resulting in a stiffer thoracic than abdominal aorta at older age. | yes |
24,608,149 | Does sex specific event-related potential ( ERP ) correlate of depression in schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia are common, more so in women, but associated neurobiological mechanisms are poorly understood. The current study investigated sex differences in the relationship between depression and brain function, as measured using event-related potentials (ERPs), in peopl... | Results suggest that temporally distinct pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in depression in men compared to women, at least in the context of schizophrenia. | yes |
24,602,363 | Is extended release naltrexone injection performed in the majority of opioid dependent patients receiving outpatient induction : a very low dose naltrexone and buprenorphine open label trial? | {
"contexts": [
"The approval of extended release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX; Vivitrol(®)) has introduced a new option for treating opioid addiction, but studies are needed to identify its place within the spectrum of available therapies. The absence of physiological opioid dependence is a necessary and challe... | Outpatient transition to XR-NTX combining upward titration of very low dose naltrexone with downward titration of low dose buprenorphine was safe, well tolerated, and completed by most participants. Further studies with larger numbers of subjects are needed to see if this approach is useful for naltrexone induction. | yes |
24,588,872 | Are ex-smokers happier than current smokers among Chinese adults in Hong Kong? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the cross-sectional association between smoking and happiness in Chinese adults in Hong Kong.",
"Telephone surveys were conducted between 2009 and 2012, with 4553 randomly sampled Chinese adults (male 54%, mean age 58.3 years) in Hong Kong.",
"Happiness was measured using t... | Ex-smokers in Hong Kong are happier than current smokers and never smokers, whose happiness measurements are similar. Causal associations have yet to be established. | yes |
24,612,017 | Are serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 increased in chronic and acute renal dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 has recently been introduced as a circulating adipokine which reverses insulin resistance and obesity in rodents. In this study, regulation of FGF-21 in renal dysfunction was elucidated in both chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney dysfunction (AKD).",
... | We demonstrate that circulating FGF-21 is increased in both CKD and AKD. Our results suggest renal excretion as a major route for FGF-21 elimination. The pathophysiological significance of these findings needs to be elucidated in more detail. | yes |
24,588,300 | Does frequency of energy drink use predict illicit prescription stimulant use? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to examine energy drink (ED) usage patterns and to investigate the illicit use of prescription stimulants among college students.",
"A sample of 267 undergraduate and graduate students (mean age of 22.48 among stimulant users) from a large midwestern university a... | Results indicate that the frequency of ED use is a significant predictor of the illicit use of prescription stimulants. All prescription stimulant users with or without a valid script also used EDs. This finding is important to practitioners because of the harmful interactions (eg, serotonin syndrome) that can occur wh... | yes |
24,599,284 | Is rapid shedding of proinflammatory microparticles by human mononuclear cells exposed to cigarette smoke dependent on Ca2+ mobilization? | {
"contexts": [
"Microparticles are membrane vesicles shed by cells upon activation and apoptosis. Agonists capable of inducing microparticle generation include cytokines, bacterial products, P-selectin, histamine. Cigarette smoke extract has also been recognized as an agonist involved in microparticle generation... | Exposure of mononuclear cells to cigarette smoke extract causes a rapid shedding of microparticles with a proinflammatory potential that might add to the mechanisms of disease from tobacco use. | yes |
24,606,961 | Do survival analyses correlate stanniocalcin 2 overexpression to poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) is overexpressed in several types of human cancers, and its overexpression positively correlates to tumor progression and poor prognosis. However, the clinical significance of STC2 overexpression in nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) has not been investigated. This study exami... | STC2 overexpression correlates to poor prognosis for NPC and may be useful as a novel biomarker to predict NPC responses to radiation. Whether STC2 promotes NPC progression and metastasis remains to be investigated. | yes |
24,609,887 | Does administration of IL-1ra improve adiponectin levels in chronic hemodialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Adiponectin, an adipose tissue derived hormone, is known to have insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, and anti-atherogenic properties in the general population. Adiponectin secretion is suppressed by systemic inflammation, a highly prevalent condition in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients... | Short-term administration of IL-1ra significantly increased adiponectin levels among prevalent MHD patients. The intervention did not impact insulin sensitivity parameters. Studies of longer duration and larger sample size are needed to further evaluate the potential effect of anti-inflammatory interventions on metabol... | yes |
24,607,916 | Are high left atrial pressures associated with advanced electroanatomical remodeling of left atrium and independent predictors for clinical recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation? | {
"contexts": [
"The clinical significance of left atrial pressure (LAP) has not yet been clearly elucidated in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).",
"To explore the effects of elevated LAP on pathophysiology and clinical outcome after radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with AF.",
"We measur... | Elevated LAP was closely associated with electroanatomical remodeling of the LA and was an independent predictor for recurrence after AF ablation. PV diastolic flow velocity and E/Em can be used as a noninvasive parameter predicting high LAPpeak(SR) in patients with AF. | yes |
24,604,461 | Does cognitive behavioral therapy in combination with systemic family therapy improve mild to moderate postpartum depression? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in combination with systemic family therapy (SFT) on mild to moderate postpartum depression and sleep quality.",
"249 primiparous women with mild to moderate postpartum depression were recruited and randomly assigned to a control gro... | CBT in combination with SFT can improve depression and sleep quality in patients with mild to moderate postpartum depression. | yes |
24,603,118 | Does resveratrol inhibit phenotypic switching of neointimal vascular smooth muscle cells after balloon injury through blockade of Notch pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an initial role in neointimal hyperplasia, the main cause of many occlusive vascular diseases. The aim of this study was to measure the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on the phenotypic transformation of VSMCs and to investigate its ... | The results indicate that RSV can attenuate phenotypic switching of VSMCs after arterial injury through inhibition of the Notch pathway. | yes |
24,608,545 | Is healthcare improvement incomplete until it is published : the cystic fibrosis initiative to support scholarly publication? | {
"contexts": [
"Preparation of this supplement, Ten years of improvement innovation in cystic fibrosis care, tested a strategy to support writing and scholarly publication by cystic fibrosis (CF) healthcare improvement professionals.",
"Critical elements of the writing initiative included: a request for abst... | A formal initiative to develop and support scholarly writing-while resource-intensive-offers opportunities for wider publication by healthcare improvement professionals. | yes |
24,612,514 | Do adhesion molecule CD146 and its soluble form correlate well with carotid atherosclerosis and plaque instability? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraplaque neovascularization and foam cell infiltration contribute to the development of unstable plaque, leading to thromboembolism and stroke. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been reported to be involved in the progression of atherosclerosis and plaque vulnerability. The aim of this study... | Adhesion molecules CD146 and its soluble form strongly correlated with the development of inflammation of atherosclerosis and plaque instability. CD146 may be a promising biomarker for monitoring the development and instability of atherosclerotic plaque in patients with carotid diseases. | yes |
24,608,031 | Do serum thioredoxin reductase levels increase in response to chemically induced acute liver injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxR) are selenoproteins with important roles in antioxidant defense and redox regulation, principally linked to functions of their main substrates thioredoxins (Trx). All major forms of TrxR are intracellular while levels in serum are typically very low.",
"... | Serum TrxR levels are robustly elevated in mouse models of chemically induced liver injury. | yes |
24,608,032 | Do eMMPRIN/CD147-encriched membrane vesicles released from malignant human testicular germ cells increase MMP production through tumor-stroma interaction? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated levels of EMMPRIN/CD147 in cancer tissues have been correlated with tumor progression but the regulation of its expression is not yet understood. Here, the regulation of EMMPRIN expression was investigated in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCTs) cell lines.",
"EMMPRIN expression in sem... | The data presented show that the more aggressive embryonic carcinoma cells synthesize more EMMPRIN than seminoma cells, but which they preferentially target to secreted MVs, unlike seminoma cells which retain EMMPRIN within the cell membrane. This cellular event points to a mechanism by which EMMPRIN expressed by malig... | yes |
24,602,296 | Is dipM required for peptidoglycan hydrolysis during chloroplast division? | {
"contexts": [
"Chloroplasts have evolved from a cyanobacterial endosymbiont and their continuity has been maintained over time by chloroplast division, a process which is performed by the constriction of a ring-like division complex at the division site. The division complex has retained certain components of t... | These results suggest that the regulation of peptidoglycan splitting was essential for chloroplast division in the early evolution of chloroplasts and this activity is likely still involved in chloroplast division in Viridiplantae. | yes |
24,595,112 | Does obesity-induced hyperleptinemia improve survival and immune response in a murine model of sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity is a growing health problem and associated with immune dysfunction. Sepsis is defined as systemic inflammatory response syndrome that occurs during infection. Excessive inflammation combined with immune dysfunction can lead to multiorgan damage and death.",
"The authors investigated t... | Relative hyperleptinemia of class 1 obesity or induced by treatment is protective in sepsis. Leptin seems to play a regulatory role in the immune system in sepsis, and treatment of relative hypoleptinemia could offer a new way of an individual sepsis therapy. | yes |
24,595,116 | Is intermediate-term graft loss after renal transplantation associated with both donor-specific antibody and acute rejection? | {
"contexts": [
"Renal transplant recipients with de novo DSA (dDSA) experience higher rates of rejection and worse graft survival than dDSA-free recipients. This study presents a single-center review of dDSA monitoring in a large, multi-ethnic cohort of renal transplant recipients.",
"The authors performed a... | Development of dDSA was associated with an increased incidence of graft loss, yet the detrimental effect of dDSA was limited in the intermediate term to recipients with AR. | yes |
24,603,679 | Does interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 regulate endothelial lumen formation during angiogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"It is well established that angiogenesis is a complex and coordinated multistep process. However, there remains a lack of information about the genes that regulate individual stages of vessel formation. Here, we aimed to define the role of human interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1)... | IFITM1 is essential for the formation of functional blood vessels and stabilizes EC-EC interactions during endothelial lumen formation by regulating tight junction assembly. | yes |
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