pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
17,268,885 | Does myocardial protection evoked by hyperoxic exposure involve signaling through nitric oxide and mitogen activated protein kinases? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperoxic exposure in vivo (> 95% oxygen) attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury, but the signaling mechanisms of this cardioprotection are not fully determined. We studied a possible role of nitric oxide (NO) and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) in hyperoxic protection.",
"Mice (n = ... | Nitric oxide triggers hyperoxic protection, and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK are involved in signaling of protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. | yes |
17,291,530 | Does heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor decrease inflammatory cytokine expression after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is believed to be the major initiator of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. As a result of intestinal I/R, the gut becomes a major source of inflammatory cytokine production. We have previously shown that heparin-binding EGF-like growth facto... | We conclude that pro-inflammatory cytokine expression is increased both locally and in the systemic circulation after intestinal I/R and that the administration of HB-EGF significantly reduces intestinal I/R-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in vivo. | yes |
17,291,532 | Is p53 overexpression a predictor of local recurrence after treatment for both in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast? | {
"contexts": [
"Several biological markers have been related to prognosis in mammary ductal carcinoma. The aim of the study was to determine biological markers that could predict local recurrence following treatment for all stages of primary operable ductal carcinoma of the breast.",
"A consecutive series of... | p53 overexpression is a common predictor of LR following treatment for all stages of primary operable ductal carcinoma of the breast. This marker may help in planning optimal treatment and follow-up. | yes |
17,269,998 | Does combined type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor and NOD2/CARD15 genotyping predict complicated Crohn 's disease behaviour? | {
"contexts": [
"NOD2/CARD15 gene variants have not been universally associated with stricturing behaviour in Crohn's disease. Other behaviour modifying genes could explain these results.",
"To study the combined influence of NOD2/CARD15 variants and 4G/4G genotype of type-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (P... | Combined PAI-1 and NOD2/CARD15 genotyping predict complicated Crohn's disease. Patients with these variants could benefit from early interventions. | yes |
17,293,468 | Do reconstruction of chronic achilles tendon rupture with the use of interposed tissue between the stumps? | {
"contexts": [
"The gap between the tendon stumps in chronic Achilles tendon rupture has reportedly been filled with interposed scar tissue. In the authors' clinical experience, this interposed tissue is often thick and resists tension, so they considered it was possible to use the interposed tissue for reconstr... | Interposed tissue between the tendon stumps is suitable for repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture if preoperative MRI shows a thickened fusiform-shaped Achilles tendon with diffuse intratendinous high-signal alterations throughout. | yes |
17,275,127 | Does hCV NS5A inhibit interferon-alpha signaling through suppression of STAT1 phosphorylation in hepatocyte-derived cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"HCV NS5A appears to play an important role in HCV resistance to IFN-alpha but the molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. Most studies regarding the involvement of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) in inhibition of IFN-alpha signaling by NS5A were performed in non-he... | NS5A may interact with STAT1 and inhibit IFN-alpha signaling through suppression of STAT1 phosphorylation specifically in hepatocyte-derived cells. | yes |
17,296,182 | Is poor ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation associated with low expression of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor in granulosa cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the importance of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in granulosa cells in the ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation.",
"Prospective study.",
"A women's hospital in China.",
"One hundred infertile women undergoing ovarian stimulation with recombinant follic... | Different levels of FSHR expression in granulosa cells result in different ovarian response, and lower expression of FSHR may account for poor ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation, which suggests the critical role of FSHR in the ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation. | yes |
17,297,638 | Does exposure to intermittent nociceptive stimulation under pentobarbital anesthesia disrupt spinal cord function in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Spinal cord plasticity can be assessed in spinal rats using an instrumental learning paradigm in which subjects learn an instrumental response, hindlimb flexion, to minimize shock exposure. Prior exposure to uncontrollable intermittent stimulation blocks learning in spinal rats but has no effect ... | The results suggest a surgical dose of pentobarbital (50 mg/kg) suppresses supraspinal (experiment 2) but not spinal (experiment 1) systems that modulate nociceptive input to the spinal cord by blocking the antinociception that is induced by this input (experiment 3). | yes |
17,297,634 | Does the CRF1 receptor antagonist R121919 attenuate the neuroendocrine and behavioral effects of precipitated lorazepam withdrawal? | {
"contexts": [
"Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is the primary physiologic regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and serves to globally coordinate the mammalian stress response. Hyperactivity of central nervous system CRF neurotransmission, acting primarily via the CRF(1) receptor, has ... | These results indicate that the activation of CRF neuronal systems may be a common neurobiological mechanism in withdrawal from drugs of abuse and moreover, that the CRF(1) receptor subtype plays a major role in mediating the effects of CRF on neuroendocrine and behavioral responses during BZ withdrawal. Therefore, CRF... | yes |
17,272,314 | Does glucose-added dialysis fluid prevent asymptomatic hypoglycaemia in regular haemodialysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoglycaemia (HG) has been demonstrated during chronic haemodialysis (HD). These events may become more frequent with the current use of glucose-free bicarbonate dialysis solution, the standard formula in most dialysis facilities in the last decade. On the other hand, HG-related symptoms are unu... | Asymptomatic HG was frequent during HD when glucose-free dialysis solution was used. Glucose was lost in dialytic fluid leaving the dialyser in significantly lower amounts when using glucose-added solution than glucose-free solution. Glucose-added dialysis solution at 90 mg/dl significantly reduced the number and sever... | yes |
17,288,625 | Does school-based internet-tailored fruit and vegetable education combined with brief counselling increase children 's awareness of intake levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Children's fruit/vegetable intake is still below recommended levels. This study applied Internet-tailored advice for schoolchildren and Internet-supported brief dietary counselling (with child and parent) within preventive health care to promote fruit/vegetable intake.",
"The study involved 3... | A compact, integrated two-component intervention can induce positive changes in knowledge and awareness of intake levels of fruit/vegetables among schoolchildren. To induce changes in intake levels, more comprehensive interventions may be needed. | yes |
17,292,955 | Is allergenicity and antigenicity of wild-type and mutant , monomeric , and dimeric carrot major allergen Dau c 1 : destruction of conformation , not oligomerization , the roadmap to save allergen vaccines? | {
"contexts": [
"Carrot allergy is caused by primary sensitization to birch pollen. Continuous carrot exposure results in additional Dau c 1-specific allergic responses. Thus, immunotherapy with birch pollen may not improve the food allergy.",
"Evaluation of mutation and oligomerization of the major carrot al... | Destruction of native conformation rather than oligomerization is the appropriate strategy to reduce the allergenicity of Bet v 1-homologous food allergens. | yes |
17,292,950 | Do a small molecule Smac mimic potentiates TRAIL-mediated cell death of ovarian cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Ovarian cancer remains a leading cause of death in women and development of new therapies is essential. Second mitochondria derived activator of caspase (Smac) has been described to sensitize for apoptosis. We have explored the proapoptotic activity of a small molecule mimic of Smac/DIABLO on ova... | These observations suggest that small molecule mimic of Smac/DIABLO could be useful for the development of experimental strategies aiming to treat ovarian cancer. Interestingly, in addition to its well known proapoptotic effects, Smac/DIABLO elicited a significant increase of pro-caspase-3 levels. | yes |
17,297,318 | Does administration of recombinant factor VIIa decrease blood loss after blunt trauma in noncoagulopathic pigs? | {
"contexts": [
"Activated factor VII catalyzes the activation of clotting factors IX and X within the clotting cascade, and has been used clinically to decrease bleeding in patients with hemophilia and other bleeding disorders. Studies suggest the use of recombinant VIIa (rVIIa) may decrease bleeding after injur... | A single dose of 120 microg/kg of rVIIa can significantly decrease blood loss in traumatized pigs with no preexisting coagulopathy. Further studies are required to determine the lowest effective dose of this medication. | yes |
17,274,020 | Is prefrontal cortex activity reduced in gambling and nongambling substance users during decision-making? | {
"contexts": [
"Poor decision-making is a hallmark of addiction, whether to substances or activities. Performance on a widely used test of decision-making, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), can discriminate controls from persons with ventral medial frontal lesions, substance-dependence, and pathological gambling. Po... | Our results support a hypothesis that defects in ventral medial frontal processing lead to impaired decisions that involve risk. Reductions in right prefrontal activity during decision-making appear to be modulated by the presence of gambling problems and may reflect impaired working memory, stimulus reward valuation, ... | yes |
17,295,772 | Is expression of the caudal-type homeodomain transcription factor CDX2 related to clinical outcome in biliary tract carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The caudal-type homeodomain transcriptional factor CDX2, a member of the caudal-related homeobox gene family, plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the gut. Recent studies have reported that expression of CDX2 was an independent marker of outcome in p... | Expression of CDX2 was an independent indicator of outcome in patients with BTC in addition to tumor stage and tumor differentiation. The mechanism by which CDX2 expression influences behavior of biliary tract carcinoma needs further investigation. | yes |
17,275,201 | Is improved posttreatment functional outcome associated with better survival in patients irradiated for metastatic spinal cord compression? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the potential prognostic impact of the effect of radiotherapy (RT) on motor function and of the post-RT ambulatory status on survival in metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC) patients.",
"Of 1,852 patients irradiated for MSCC, 778 patients (42%) received short-course RT and 1,... | The response to RT and the post-RT ambulatory status are important predictors for survival in MSCC patients. This finding can be used by physicians to stratify future studies, plan further therapy, and improve follow-up strategy in these patients. | yes |
17,299,058 | Does deficiency of SPARC suppress intestinal tumorigenesis in APCMin/+ mice? | {
"contexts": [
"SPARC (secreted protein acidic, rich in cysteine) is a matricellular protein that has been found to be activated in a number of human cancers. More recently, it has been shown to be upregulated in human gastric and colorectal cancer. We therefore wished to address the functional importance of SPA... | These data implicate Sparc in both cell migration and tumour formation, and identify Sparc as a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer. | yes |
17,275,124 | Do high hepatic glutathione stores alleviate Fas-induced apoptosis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"The agonistic Jo2 anti-Fas antibody reproduces human fulminant hepatitis in mice. We tested the hypothesis that enhancing hepatic glutathione (GSH) stores may prevent Jo2-induced apoptosis.",
"We fed mice with a normal diet or a sulfur amino acid-enriched (SAA(+)) diet increasing hepatic GSH ... | The SAA(+) diet preserves GSSG/GSH ratios, and prevents PKCzeta and p47(phox) phosphorylations, Yes activation, Fas-tyrosine phosphorylation, mitochondrial permeabilization, and hepatic apoptosis after Fas stimulation. GSH monoethyl ester is also protective, suggesting possible clinical applications. | yes |
17,290,487 | Does [ Nitric oxide/heme oxygenase-1 mediate the antioxidant effect of ACEI in rat aortic rings ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced decrease in contraction of isolated rataortic rings, and to investigate its mechanisms.",
"The thoracic aortic rings with endothelium of male Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted on a b... | Both ACEI with or without sulfhydryl groups could prevent the H(2)O(2) induced decrease in contraction responses to PE in intact aortic rings. The increase of NO and activation of HO-1 might be involved in the mechanism. | yes |
17,295,765 | Does helicobacter pylori eradication prevent recurrence after simple closure of perforated duodenal ulcer? | {
"contexts": [
"Evidence remains inconclusive as to whether eradication of Helicobacter pylori prevents ulcer relapse after simple closure of a perforated duodenal ulcer. This study was conducted to determine the effect of H. pylori eradication using a quadruple drug regimen along with a probiotic on ulcer recur... | Eradication of H. pylori significantly reduces the relapse of duodenal ulcer after simple closure of perforation. Anti H. pylori therapy must be recommended for all H. pylori positive patients after simple closure of a perforated duodenal ulcer. | yes |
17,295,768 | Does non-mitogenic acidic fibroblast growth factor reduce intestinal dysfunction induced by ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) has potentially therapeutic uses in some diseases, but the mitogenic activity of aFGF has been found to contribute to several human pathologies, so the extensive applications of wild-type aFGF have been limited. The purpose of the present study was to explor... | Both types of aFGF had protective effects on gut I/R and there was no significant difference between the two aFGF. The protective effects of aFGF may come from the non-mitogenic activity rather than the mitogenic activity of aFGF in tissue repair, indicating a potentially clinical use for the non-mitogenic effects of a... | yes |
17,272,775 | Does quantified corticospinal tract diffusion restriction predict neonatal stroke outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Neonatal arterial ischemic stroke occurs in > or =1:4000 births. Many children experience motor deficits but acute predictors of outcome are lacking. Diffusion-weighted MRI changes in descending corticospinal tracts remote from arterial ischemic stroke may represent pre-Wallerian degeneration. We... | Descending corticospinal tracts diffusion-weighted MRI signal is predictive of motor outcome from neonatal arterial ischemic stroke. This accurate, reliable, and simple tool will impact decision making in acute neonatal stroke. | yes |
17,272,774 | Does preconditioning suppress inflammation in neonatal hypoxic ischemia via Akt activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxic preconditioning (PC) confers robust neuroprotection against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (H-I), yet the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In the adult brain, neuronal survival after ischemia is associated with the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/... | Suppression of inflammatory responses may contribute to PC neuroprotection against neonatal H-I brain injury. This effect is mediated in part via upregulating PI3-K/Akt activity. | yes |
17,272,771 | Does hypoxic preconditioning induce neuroprotective stanniocalcin-1 in brain via IL-6 signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Exposure of animals for a few hours to moderate hypoxia confers relative protection against subsequent ischemic brain damage. This phenomenon, known as hypoxic preconditioning, depends on new RNA and protein synthesis, but its molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Increased expression of IL... | These findings indicate that IL-6-mediated expression of STC-1 is one molecular mechanism of hypoxic preconditioning-induced tolerance to brain ischemia. | yes |
17,272,770 | Is low-grade inflammation a risk factor for clinical stroke events in addition to silent cerebral infarcts in Japanese older hypertensives : the Jichi Medical School ABPM Study , wave 1? | {
"contexts": [
"High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a marker of inflammation, is associated with atherosclerosis, hypertensive target organ damage, and cardiovascular events. In the general Japanese population, the level of hsCRP is reported to be lower than that in Western countries, and the relationsh... | High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is a risk factor for clinical stroke events in addition to silent cerebral infarcts in Japanese older hypertensives, indicating that the risk for clinical stroke events increases with preexisting hypertensive target organ damage in the brain and additionally with ongoing low-grade in... | yes |
17,296,442 | Does intravesical suplatast tosilate ( IPD-1151T ) inhibit experimental bladder inflammation? | {
"contexts": [
"Interstitial cystitis is a painful bladder disease characterized by urgency, frequency and variable inflammation but there is no curative therapy. Suplatast tosilate (IPD-1151T) is an immunoregulatory compound that decreases interstitial cystitis symptoms but to our knowledge its mechanism of act... | IPD-1151T inhibits bladder release of histamine and tumor necrosis factor-alpha through a mechanism that does not appear to involve direct mast cell inhibition. These findings may justify a beneficial effect of IPD-1151T in interstitial cystitis. | yes |
17,275,519 | Does sDF-1 play a key role in the repairing and remodeling process on rat allo-orthotopic abdominal aorta grafts? | {
"contexts": [
"Our previous study demonstrated that prolonged cold preservation promoted neointima formation and remodeling but delayed the subsequent arteriosclerosis of rat abdominal aorta grafts. The mechanisms of this phenomenon remain obscure. In this study, we investigated whether stromal cell derived fac... | Prolonged cold ischemia may delay the graft's arteriosclerosis by selectively chemoattracting stem cells to the damaged intima through SDF-1, the presence of which may predict graft arteriosclerosis and the subsequent development of chronic graft dysfunction (CGD). The SDF-1 antibody slowed the endothelial chimerism by... | yes |
17,284,745 | Is bioavailability of food folates 80 % of that of folic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"The bioavailability of natural food folates is lower than that of synthetic folic acid, but no agreement exists as to the extent of the difference.",
"In a 4-wk dietary intervention study, we determined the aggregate bioavailability of food folates from fruit, vegetables, and liver relative t... | The aggregate bioavailability of folates from fruit, vegetables, and liver is approximately 80% of that of folic acid. The consumption of a diet rich in food folate can improve the folate status of a population more efficiently than is generally assumed. | yes |
17,284,741 | Do plasma concentrations of free triiodothyronine predict weight change in euthyroid persons? | {
"contexts": [
"Factors that influence energy metabolism and substrate oxidation, such as thyroid hormones (THs), may be important regulators of body weight.",
"We investigated associations of THs cross-sectionally with obesity, energy expenditure, and substrate oxidation and prospectively with weight change... | In euthyroid Pima Indians, lower free T(3) but not free T(4) concentrations were an independent predictor of SMR and lipid oxidation and a predictor of weight gain. This finding indicates that control of T(4)-to-T(3) conversion may play a role in body weight regulation. | yes |
17,294,312 | Does partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation ( PACI ) facilitate fetoscopic interventions in complicated monochorionic twin pregnancies? | {
"contexts": [
"Adequate visualization of the placenta or umbilical cord during fetoscopic procedures in complicated monochorionic twin pregnancies may be difficult because of placental position and spatial constraints, as well as stained amniotic fluid. Partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation (PACI) has ma... | Partial amniotic carbon dioxide insufflation may facilitate fetoscopic procedures in complicated monochorionic twin pregnancies when conventional fetoscopic approaches within amniotic fluid meet difficulties. Further studies are required to allow assessment of benefits, risks, and safety margins of the new approach bef... | yes |
17,291,761 | Does the small-molecule inhibitor BI 2536 reveal novel insights into mitotic roles of polo-like kinase 1? | {
"contexts": [
"The mitotic kinases, Cdk1, Aurora A/B, and Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) have been characterized extensively to further understanding of mitotic mechanisms and as potential targets for cancer therapy. Cdk1 and Aurora kinase studies have been facilitated by small-molecule inhibitors, but few if any po... | Our results suggest that Plk1's accumulation at centrosomes and kinetochores depends on its own activity and that this activity is required for maintaining centrosome and kinetochore function. Our data also show that Plk1 is not required for prophase entry, but delays transition to prometaphase, and that Emi1 destructi... | yes |
17,297,331 | Do time lapse and comorbidities influence patient knowledge and pursuit of medical care after traumatic splenectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"There is insufficient knowledge of infectious risk in patients after splenectomy; minimal data exists specifically for trauma patients. This study evaluated patient knowledge and practices regarding infection risk after traumatic splenectomy. Our hypothesis was that patients with poor knowledge r... | Trauma patients retain minimal knowledge about infection risk after splenectomy and are not likely to pursue appropriate medical care. Time since injury negatively influences patient actions. Healthcare providers must be more proactive to develop new strategies in educating these patients, particularly those without co... | yes |
17,284,244 | Is tails of the unexpected : palatal medial edge epithelium no more specialized than other embryonic epithelium? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether palatal medial edge epithelium (MEE) is specialized in its ability to disappear compared with other embryonic, non-palatal, epithelium.",
"Embryonic tissues harvested from CD1 mice.",
"Organs were cultured in 2 ml of DMEM/F12 supplemented with 300 microg/ml L-glutamin... | These findings suggest that embryonic epithelium from non-specific sites around the body has the ability to disappear with mechanical contact resulting in fusion of tissues. MEE may not be as specialized as once thought. | yes |
17,280,860 | Is recombinant bovine growth hormone-induced reduction of atrial natriuretic peptide associated with improved left ventricular contractility and reverse remodeling in cardiomyopathic UM-X7.1 hamsters with congestive heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effect of short-term treatment with GH on left ventricular contractility and remodeling, after the development of heart failure in cardiomyopathic hamsters (CMH).",
"Two groups of 200-day-old UM-X7.1 CMH received daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant bovine (rb) GH (1mg/k... | The data show that a short-term administration of GH in the terminal phase of the disease confers cardioprotection by attenuating systolic dysfunction and by inducing beneficial reverse remodeling. | yes |
17,280,861 | Does primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease reveal insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 regulation by protein kinase A? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) can occur as an isolated trait or part of Carney complex, a familial lentiginosis-multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome frequently caused by mutations in PRKAR1A, which encodes the 1alpha regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA). Becaus... | IGFBP-2 expression is increased in PPNAD caused by PRKAR1A mutations, and in adrenocortical cancer cells. This is the first evidence for PKA-dependent regulation of IGFBP-2 expression in adrenocortical cells. | yes |
17,285,984 | Does [ Formulation and process optimization of formula Qiqi pellet prepared by extrusion-spheronization ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To prepare traditional Chinese medicine formula Qiqi pellets by extrusion-spheronization and study the optimal formulation and process.",
"Qiqi pellets were prepared by a new style extrusion-spheronization equipment, the optimal formulation and process was obtained by the studies of influenit... | Extrusion-spheronization was suitable to produce Chinese Herbal Medicine pellets. The preparation process was simple and feasible; The quality of the prepared pellets was excellent. It was worth further study. | yes |
17,284,636 | Do adrenal gland volume and dexamethasone-suppressed cortisol correlate with total daily salivary cortisol in African-American women? | {
"contexts": [
"Population-based studies of associations between subclinical hypercortisolism and risk for disease states, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, have been difficult to assess because of imprecise measures of glucocorticoid exposure. Alternative measures (salivary cortisol and adrenal gland volume) ha... | A dexamethasone suppression test or adrenal gland volume may be alternative measures for characterizing subtle subclinical hypercortisolism in healthy adults. | yes |
17,283,315 | Do acute ischemic lesions of varying ages predict risk of ischemic events in stroke/TIA patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Multiple ischemic lesions identified by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) have been shown to predict high risk of future ischemic events. However, the importance of lesion age has not been factored into this risk. Our goal was to evaluate whether the presence of ischemic lesions of varying ages id... | The presence of multiple diffusion-weighted imaging lesions of varying ages suggests very active early recurrence over time and portends a higher early risk of future ischemic events. | yes |
17,291,149 | Does complement component C5a predict restenosis after superficial femoral artery balloon angioplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether balloon angioplasty of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) increases serum levels of C5a and whether C5a predicts risk of restenosis.",
"C5a antigen was measured at baseline and 8 hours after intervention in 131 consecutive patients (76 women; median age 72 years) with... | Inflammatory mechanisms play a major role in the development of restenosis after angioplasty. The complement component C5a exerts strong chemotactic and proinflammatory effects. Enhanced complement activation prior to PTA, as measured by higher levels of C5a, was significantly associated with restenosis after SFA ballo... | yes |
17,269,970 | Is caspase-9 expression increased in endothelial cells of active Behçet 's disease patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Behçet's disease is a multisystem disease of unknown etiology. Caspase-9 is responsible for initiating the caspase activation cascade during apoptosis. The aim of this study was to examine caspase-9 expression in both endothelial and perivascular infiltrates of patients with active Behçet's disea... | Endothelial cells are one of the key cells in Behçet's disease, and our findings support the role of endothelial cells in the etiopathogenesis of Behçet's disease. | yes |
17,276,324 | Are food spending behaviors and perceptions associated with fruit and vegetable intake among parents and their preadolescent children? | {
"contexts": [
"Examine the role of food spending behaviors and perceptions on fruit and vegetable intake among preadolescent children and their parents.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"Metropolitan city.",
"Five hundred fifty-five parent/child dyads participating in the PARADE study. More than 50% of p... | Public health efforts to raise awareness of the relatively low cost of fruits and vegetables should be continued. These efforts may be complemented with policy strategies that make fruits and vegetables more viable options for low-income households. | yes |
17,276,320 | Are self-efficacy and norm measures for lunch fruit and vegetable consumption reliable and valid among fifth grade students? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the reliability and validity of a questionnaire measuring fruit and vegetable (FV) self-efficacy and social norms during school lunch among 5th graders.",
"In this cross-sectional study, students completed lunch food records and a psychosocial questionnaire measuring school lunch... | Self-efficacy and norms for eating FV at school lunch are related to lunch FV consumption. Increasing self-efficacy and social norms about consuming FV at school appears to be important targets to improve FV consumption. | yes |
17,292,016 | Do imputing variance estimates alter the conclusions of a meta-analysis with continuous outcomes : a case study of changes in renal function after living kidney donation? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess how different imputation methods used to account for missing variance data in primary studies influence tests of heterogeneity and pooled results from a meta-analysis with continuous outcomes.",
"Point and variance estimates for changes in serum creatinine, glomerular filtration rat... | Different methods to impute the variance data in the primary studies did not alter the conclusions from this meta-analysis of continuous outcomes. Such reproducibility increases confidence in the results. However, as with most meta-analyses, there was no gold standard of truth, and results must be interpreted judicious... | no |
17,281,905 | Does intravascular parasympathetic cardiac nerve stimulation prevent ventricular arrhythmias during acute myocardial ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Although previous animal studies clearly demonstrated antiarrhythmic effects of vagal stimulation during acute myocardial ischemia, highly invasive nature of vagal stimulation limited its clinical use. Recently, intravascular parasympathetic cardiac nerve stimulation (IPS) has emerged as a novel ... | The IPS suppressed ventricular arrhythmias during acute ischemia mainly through its bradycardiac effect. | yes |
17,296,320 | Are platelet monocyte aggregates and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 inhibited by aspirin in critical limb ischaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Platelet monocyte aggregates (PMA) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) play a significant role in atherosclerotic disease but the effect of aspirin and their role in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) requires further investigation. We have compared p-selectin, PMA and MCP-1 in patients... | Despite aspirin treatment CLI patients have higher platelet activation and MCP-1 expression than controls and claudicants. With increasing severity of disease aspirin is unable to suppress markers of platelet activation and pro-atherosclerotic chemokine expression which may represent another form of aspirin resistance. | no |
17,270,619 | Is botulinum toxin B an effective treatment of refractory overactive bladder? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin-B (BTX-B) in two groups of patients with urodynamically proven idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) or neurogenic DO (NDO) refractory to conservative treatment.",
"This was a nonrandomized, prospective study. We diluted 5000 U of BTX-B... | BTX-B had a limited duration of action, with most of its symptomatically beneficial effects wearing off by 10 weeks in most of our patients. The short duration of action for BTX-B suggests it is unlikely to gain widespread use in the treatment of DO. | no |
17,272,305 | Does a wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit gene provide enhanced drought tolerance in tobacco? | {
"contexts": [
"Multiple copies of genes encoding the catalytic subunit (c) of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) are commonly found in plants. For some of these genes, expression is up-regulated under water stress. The aim of this study was to investigate expression and characterization of TaPP2Ac-1 from Triticum ae... | Tobacco plants with pCAPE2-TaPP2Ac-1 appeared to be resistant to water deficit, as shown by their higher capacity to maintain leaf relative water content, leaf cell-membrane stability index, water-retention ability and water use efficiency under water stress. The results suggest that the physiological role of TaPP2Ac-1... | yes |
17,270,481 | Do cytokine mobilization of bone marrow cells and pancreatic lesion improve streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice by transdifferentiation of bone marrow cells into insulin-producing cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Transdifferentiation of bone marrow cells (BMC) into insulin-producing cells might provide a new cellular therapy for type I diabetes, but its existence is controversial. Our aim was to determine if those cells could transdifferentiate, even at low frequency, into insulin-producing cells, in test... | We conclude that BMC cannot spontaneously transdifferentiate into insulin-producing cells in vivo, even after beta-cell lesion and mobilization induced by cytokines. Interestingly, however, treatment by cytokines may have beneficial indirect effects on STZ-induced hyperglycaemia. | no |
17,288,615 | Is upregulation of pirin expression by chronic cigarette smoking associated with bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Cigarette smoke disrupts the protective barrier established by the airway epithelium through direct damage to the epithelial cells, leading to cell death. Since the morphology of the airway epithelium of smokers does not typically demonstrate necrosis, the most likely mechanism for epithelial cel... | These observations suggest that up-regulation of pirin may represent one mechanism by which cigarette smoke induces apoptosis in the airway epithelium, an observation that has implications for the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke-induced diseases. | yes |
17,288,612 | Do phylogenetic analyses of complete mitochondrial genome sequences suggest a basal divergence of the enigmatic rodent Anomalurus? | {
"contexts": [
"Phylogenetic relationships between Lagomorpha, Rodentia and Primates and their allies (Euarchontoglires) have long been debated. While it is now generally agreed that Rodentia constitutes a monophyletic sister-group of Lagomorpha and that this clade (Glires) is sister to Primates and Dermoptera, ... | Taken together, the data presented provide a working hypothesis as to the phylogenetic placement of Anomalurus, underline the utility of mitochondrial sequences in the resolution of even relatively deep divergences and go some way to explaining the difficulty of conclusively resolving higher-level relationships within ... | yes |
17,279,299 | Is unilateral pudendal neuropathy common in patients with fecal incontinence? | {
"contexts": [
"Pudendal neuropathy and fecal incontinence frequently coexist; however, the contribution of neuropathy is unknown. The pudendal nerve innervates the external anal sphincter muscle, anal canal skin, and coordinates reflex pathways. Lateral dominance or a dominantly innervating nerve and its subseq... | Unilateral pudendal neuropathy is a common abnormality in individuals with fecal incontinence and is significantly associated with both attenuated resting pressures and squeeze increments. Although there are limitations in the interpretation of pudendal nerve terminal motor latencies, this study demonstrates that furth... | yes |
17,268,265 | Does cement augmentation of vertebral screws enhance the interface strength between interbody device and vertebral body? | {
"contexts": [
"An in vitro cadaveric study comparing cage-vertebra interface strengths for 3 different screw-cement configurations.",
"To determine the effects of cement augmentation of pedicle screws on cage-vertebra interface failure properties for 2 interbody device shapes (elliptical or cloverleaf); and... | Cage-vertebra interface properties were improved when cement was used to augment vertebral and pedicle screws. Cement augmentation of pedicle or anterior screws may reduce interbody device subsidence. | yes |
17,270,579 | Are interferon-alpha-induced depressive symptoms related to changes in the cytokine network but not to cortisol? | {
"contexts": [
"Proinflammatory cytokines have the potential to activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis, and HPA axis hyperactivity is also encountered in depression. Therefore, the induction of depressive symptoms by interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) may be mediated by changes in the cytokine ne... | Results suggest a clear connection between IFN-alpha-induced depressive symptoms and cytokine concentrations, but not cortisol. | yes |
17,270,574 | Are somatoform dissociation and somatosensory amplification differentially associated with attention to the tactile modality following exposure to body-related stimuli? | {
"contexts": [
"Body-focused attention is regarded as an important maintaining factor for somatoform illness, although there is limited empirical evidence pertaining to this hypothesis. This study was conducted to assess whether individual differences in somatoform dissociation and somatosensory amplification we... | Individuals with a tendency to experience somatoform symptoms focus more on stimuli in the tactile modality immediately following exposure to threatening body-relevant information. In contrast, self-reported somatosensory amplification appears to be associated with attention away from the tactile modality rather than w... | yes |
17,273,689 | Do ultrasound biomicroscopy in the comparison of the anterior segment morphometry before and after pars plana vitrectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if pars plana vitrectomy induces long-term changes in the anterior segment anatomy by means of ultrasound biomicroscopy.",
"A prospective case series study was undertaken of consecutive patients referred to a tertiary eye care centre for pars plana vitrectomy as the only procedur... | Uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy does not induce any long-term change on anterior segment morphometry. Based on these findings, the normal long-term pattern to be expected after pars plana vitrectomy is the conservation of the preoperative morphometry. | yes |
17,287,387 | Do relationship between diabetes and mortality among persons with co-occurring psychotic and substance use disorders? | {
"contexts": [
"Individuals with diabetes and individuals with serious mental illness are more likely than the general population to die prematurely. The study examined the impact of diabetes on mortality among 197 individuals with co-occurring psychotic and substance use disorders who participated in a randomiz... | Interventions targeted for diabetes prevention and diabetes management are critical for persons with serious mental illness, particularly among those who also abuse substances. | yes |
17,272,761 | Are lacunar infarcts the main correlate with cognitive dysfunction in CADASIL? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene and is clinically characterized by recurrent stroke and cognitive decline. Previous studies have shown an association between white matter hyperintensities on brain... | Lacunar infarct lesion load is the most important MRI parameter associated with cognitive dysfunction in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy. | yes |
17,284,758 | Does dietary sialic acid supplementation improve learning and memory in piglets? | {
"contexts": [
"Sialic acid, a key component of both human milk oligosaccharides and neural tissues, may be a conditional nutrient during periods of rapid brain growth.",
"We tested the hypothesis that variations in the sialic acid content of a formula milk would influence early learning behavior and gene ex... | Feeding a protein-bound source of sialic acid during early development enhanced learning and increased expression of 2 genes associated with learning in developing piglets. Sialic acid in mammalian milks could play a role in cognitive development. | yes |
17,296,800 | Does pretreating rats with parenteral ophthalmic antimuscarinic agents decrease mortality from lethal organophosphate poisoning? | {
"contexts": [
"In the event of a large scale organophosphate (OP) or nerve agent exposure that depletes a hospital's atropine stores, alternative antidotes should be considered.",
"To test the effects of parenteral administration of ophthalmic antimuscarinic agents on survivability in a rat model of acute, ... | Parenteral pretreatment with ophthalmic preparations of homatropine or atropine sulfate was equal to standard atropine in preventing lethality in this rat model of acute, lethal OP poisoning. | yes |
17,284,627 | Is human adipose tissue cannabinoid receptor 1 gene expression related to fat cell function or adiponectin level? | {
"contexts": [
"The cannabinoid receptor 1 gene (CNR1) is implicated in adipocyte function.",
"We investigated human adipose tissue CNR1 mRNA in relation to obesity, clinical and metabolic variables, adipocyte function, and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) levels.",
"We assessed sc fat biopsies from 96 obese and non... | We found no association of human adipose tissue CNR1 mRNA expression with measures of body fat, metabolic parameters, fat cell function, or ADIPOQ expression. These data do not suggest a major role of human adipose CNR1 in fat cell function or metabolic disease development. | no |
17,270,001 | Do chronic celecoxib users more often show regression of gastric intestinal metaplasia after Helicobacter pylori eradication? | {
"contexts": [
"To test whether the chronic users of celecoxib, a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor, had less Helicobacter pylori-related intestinal metaplasia or if such users' intestinal metaplasia could be prone to disappear after H. pylori eradication.",
"The study enrolled 150 chronic celecoxib user... | With H. pylori infection, chronic celecoxib users still showed limited effects to decrease intestinal metaplasia. Nevertheless, celecoxib should be promising to assist H. pylori eradication for the control of gastric intestinal metaplasia and cancer risk. | yes |
17,296,973 | Do specific secondary genetic alterations in mantle cell lymphoma provide prognostic information independent of the gene expression-based proliferation signature? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the genetic relationship between cyclin D1-positive and cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) and to determine whether specific genetic alterations may add prognostic information to survival prediction based on the proliferation signature of MCLs.",
"Seventy-one cyclin D1... | Cyclin D1-positive and -negative MCLs share the same secondary genetic aberrations, supporting the concept that they correspond to the same genetic entity. The integration of genetic information on chromosome 3q and 9q alterations into a proliferation signature-based model may improve the ability to predict survival in... | yes |
17,284,479 | Does adrenocortical suppression increase the risk of relapse in nephrotic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are usually treated with long-term low dose alternate day prednisolone with or without glucocorticoid sparing therapy, such as levamisole or ciclosporin, to maintain remission. The degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) suppression with such ther... | Children with NS receiving long-term alternate day prednisolone therapy are at risk of developing HPA suppression and should be evaluated using the modified synacthen test. Children with evidence of HPA suppression are at a greater risk of relapse. | yes |
17,290,490 | Does [ Kappa-opioid receptor mediate the cardioprotective effect of ischemic postconditioning ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of kappa-Opioid receptors in the cardioprotection elicited by ischemic postconditioning and the underlying mechanism.",
"The isolated perfused hearts of male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 30 min of global ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion. formazan ... | Postconditioning may protect myocardium against ischemia/reperfusion injury via activating kappa-Opioid receptors and mitoK(KATP). | yes |
17,286,292 | Do placental growth patterns affect birth weight for given placental weight? | {
"contexts": [
"An important contributor to fetal growth is growth of the placenta, the fetus' sole source of nutrients and oxygen. Here we use placental growth measures (larger and smaller disk diameters, reflecting the laterally expanding chorionic plate, and disk thickness) to test the hypothesis that placent... | Patterns of placental growth, relating to different functional dimensions of the placenta, deliver a different birth weight for a given placental weight. | yes |
17,290,608 | Does [ Gamma-Schisandrin inhibit production of amyloid beta-protein 42 in M146L cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the inhibition of amyloid beta-protein 42 (Abeta42) production in M146L cells by gamma-schisandrin.",
"M146L cells which can produce considerable Abeta42 in vitro were treated with gamma-schisandrin (1.67, 5.00 and 15.00 microg x mL(-1)), beta-secretase inhibitor (S4562, 100.00... | gamma-Schisandrin inhibited production of Abeta42 in M146L cells through inhibiting gamma-secretase. | yes |
17,268,941 | Does refill non-adherence to repeat prescriptions lead to treatment gaps or to high extra costs? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the nature and extent of undersupply and the economic consequences of oversupply of medication among non-adherent patients.",
"This study used copies of repeat prescriptions (= multiple dispensations), collected during 1 week in 2002 at 16 Swedish community pharmacies. For patien... | Both undersupply and oversupply of prescribed medicines are common in Sweden. Patients with a refill adherence below 80% seem to have less than half of the prescribed treatment available. Oversupply or drug stockpiling occurs more frequently among exempt than among non-exempt patients, and this oversupply leads to high... | yes |
17,268,944 | Is tibial geometry associated with failure load ex vivo : a MRI , pQCT and DXA study? | {
"contexts": [
"We studied the relations between bone geometry and density and the mechanical properties of human cadaveric tibiae. Bone geometry, assessed by MRI and pQCT, and bone density, assessed by DXA, were significantly associated with bone's mechanical properties. However, cortical density assessed by pQ... | We found that there was a close association between geometry and mechanical properties regardless of the imaging modality (MRI or pQCT) used. | yes |
17,278,897 | Is predictive value of the preablation serum thyroglobulin level after thyroidectomy combined with postablation 131I whole body scintigraphy for successful ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the clinical importance of the combined use of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels measured just before ablation (ablation-Tg) and postablation 131I whole body scintigraphy (WBS) patterns for predicting ablation success in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who received tot... | These data indicate that the combined use of serum Tg levels measured just before ablation and the 131I WBS patterns after ablation may be an early predictor of ablation success in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma who received total thyroidectomy and high-dose 131I ablation therapy. | yes |
17,276,618 | Does irradiation promote Akt-targeting therapeutic gene delivery to the tumor vasculature? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether radiation-induced increases in nitric oxide (NO) production can influence tumor blood flow and improve delivery of Akt-targeting therapeutic DNA lipocomplexes to the tumor.",
"The contribution of NO to the endothelial response to radiation was identified using NO synthase... | This study offers a new rationale to combine radiotherapy with gene therapy, by directly exploiting the stimulatory effects of radiation on NO production by tumor endothelial cells. The preferential expression of the transgene in the tumor microvasculature underscores the potential of such an adjuvant strategy to limit... | yes |
17,278,425 | Does [ A novel mutation in antithrombin gene result in hereditary antithrombin deficiency ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the antithrombin (AT) activity (AT: A) and AT antigen (AT: Ag) level in a Chinese family with type I antithrombin (AT) deficiency, and to explore the molecular mechanism of AT deficiency.",
"Immuno-nephelometry and chromogenic assay were used to detect the plasma level of AT: A... | This heterozygous nonsense mutation of T9833A in exon 5 resulting in venous thrombosis is a novel genetic defect of hereditary AT deficiency, which has not been described before. | yes |
17,294,166 | Do shortcomings in methodology complicate measurements of serum retinol binding protein ( RBP4 ) in insulin-resistant human subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Levels of retinol binding protein (RBP4) are increased in the serum of insulin-resistant human subjects even before overt diabetes develops. RBP4 levels correlate with insulin resistance, BMI, WHR, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Improvement of insulin sensitivity with exercise training is associ... | These findings support the use of quantitative western blotting standardised to full-length RBP4 protein as a 'gold standard' method for measuring serum RBP4 in insulin-resistant states. Other assays should use full-length RBP4 and be extensively cross-validated using other methods. | yes |
17,268,695 | Do angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors impair recombinant human erythropoietin induced erythropoiesis in patients with chronic renal failure? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and other anti-hypertensive agents on recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients.",
"The present study was conducted at the Nephrology Depar... | The present data from our population confirms that ACE inhibitors/ARBs interfere with rHuEPO therapy for treatment of anemia in CRF. The ACE inhibitors/ARBs inhibit erythropoiesis induced by rHuEPO in CRF patients, therefore, simultaneous use of ACE inhibitors/ARBs and rHuEPO should be carried out with caution. | yes |
17,277,737 | Are large genomic rearrangements within the PCDH15 gene a significant cause of USH1F syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Protocadherin-15 (PCDH15) is one of the five genes currently identified as being mutated in Usher 1 syndrome and defines Usher syndrome type 1F (USH1F). When PCDH15 was systematically analyzed for mutations in a cohort of USH1 patients, a number of deletions were found. Here we characterize these... | A complete screen of PCDH15 should include a search for large deletions. Failure to screen for gross genomic rearrangements is likely to significantly lower the mutation detection rate. A likely explanation for the high rate of such deletions is the unusual gene structure. PCDH15 gene spans nearly 1 Mb for a correspond... | yes |
17,276,325 | Are food insecurity and gender risk factors for obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"Examine relationships between adult obesity, childhood overweight, and food insecurity.",
"Cross-sectional retrospective study.",
"Community settings in Hartford, Connecticut.",
"Convenience sample of 200 parents and their 212 children, aged 2-12.",
"Adult obesity (Body Mass Index... | Obesity prevention programs and policies need to address food insecurity and gender as key risk factors. | yes |
17,292,604 | Does body mass index predict prostate-specific antigen or percent free prostate-specific antigen in men undergoing prostate cancer screening? | {
"contexts": [
"Body mass index (BMI) may alter serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and percent free PSA (%fPSA) and may mask the risk of prostate cancer. We investigated the relationship between BMI and PSA or %fPSA.",
"Height, weight, PSA and %fPSA were assessed in 616 consecutive screened men without pr... | Body mass index does not affect PSA or %fPSA in men without known prostate cancer, who undergo prostate cancer screening. Therefore, PSA or %fPSA-based screening or early detection efforts do not require an adjustment for BMI. | no |
17,283,262 | Does preoperative posterior leaflet angle accurately predict outcome after restrictive mitral valve annuloplasty for ischemic mitral regurgitation? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) often persists after restrictive mitral valve annuloplasty, in which case it is associated with worse clinical outcomes. The goal of the present study was to determine whether persistence of MR and/or clinical outcome could be predicted from preoperative analysi... | In patients undergoing restrictive annuloplasty for ischemic MR, persistence of MR and 3-year event-free survival can accurately be predicted by preoperative analysis of mitral valve configuration. Patients with a PL angle > or = 45 degrees (ie, with high PL restriction) should thus be considered poor candidates for th... | yes |
17,270,568 | Do medical disorders affect health outcome and general functioning depending on comorbid major depression in the general population? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to compare health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), disability/work productivity, and health care utilization in a variety of medical disorders with and without comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD) in the general population.",
"Twelve-month MDD (Composite I... | Findings have consequences for diagnostic and treatment procedures, as well as in relation to the importance of the number of medical disorders in future studies. | yes |
17,270,563 | Are surgeons failing to recognize children with HIV infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite much clinical experience, there are few published accounts of the surgical manifestations of HIV/AIDS in children and still fewer guidelines for the best or most appropriate treatment. Our primary objective was to document the incidence of HIV infection in children who presented with a su... | It is likely that the incidence of HIV/AIDS infection is higher than the 4% identified in our study group. The surgical manifestations in these HIV-positive children are dominated by sepsis, often severe in nature and with opportunistic pathogens. Despite increased knowledge about the disease and widening therapeutic o... | yes |
17,295,159 | Is persistent platelet activation related to very early cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes? | {
"contexts": [
"Persistent platelet function while on antiplatelet therapy affects outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).",
"To evaluate whether platelet reactivity measured by collagen-epinephrine (CEPI) or collagen-ADP (CADP) closure times (CT) with Platelet Function Analyzer 100 (PFA-10... | Enhanced platelet function after PCI when measured under high shear rates by both PFA-100 cartridges is independently associated with the most unfavourable in-hospital clinical outcome. | yes |
17,277,603 | Does school-based physical activity compromise children 's academic performance? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention, Action Schools! BC (AS! BC), for maintaining academic performance in a multiethnic group of elementary children, and 2) to determine whether boys and girls' academic performan... | The AS! BC model is an attractive and feasible intervention to increase physical activity for students while maintaining levels of academic performance. | no |
17,272,755 | Does anti-LOX-1 rescue endothelial function in coronary arterioles in atherosclerotic ApoE knockout mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesized that atherosclerosis inhibits NO-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation of coronary arterioles through interaction of ox-LDL with its receptor, LOX-1, through the production of O2ÿ- in endothelial cells.",
"We assessed the role of ox-LDL in endothelial dysfunction in a murine... | These results suggest that ox-LDL impairs endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation of coronary arterioles by activation of a signaling cascade involving LOX-1 and NAD(P)H oxidase expression. | yes |
17,272,753 | Does plasmin induce endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated relaxation in the porcine coronary artery? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasmin is a key enzyme in fibrinolysis. We attempted to determine the possible role of plasmin in the regulation of vascular tone, while also investigating the mechanism of plasmin-induced vasorelaxation.",
"In porcine coronary artery, plasmin induced an endothelium-dependent relaxation. Thi... | The present study demonstrated, for the first time, that plasmin induced an endothelium-dependent NO-mediated relaxation in the porcine coronary artery, while also showing plasmin to specifically inactivate the thrombin receptor. | yes |
17,272,752 | Does phospholipid transfer protein augment apoptosis in THP-1-derived macrophages induced by lipolyzed hypertriglyceridemic plasma? | {
"contexts": [
"Lipolysis of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLPs) generates phospholipid-rich surface remnants and induces cytotoxic effects in adjacent vascular cells. We hypothesized that by integrating surface remnants into HDL, phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) alleviates cytotoxicity.",
"To test t... | Our data show that lipolysis of TGRLPs and their remodelling by PLTP interact to disturb cellular phospholipid flux and intracellular signaling processes, ultimately leading to apoptosis in human macrophages and endothelial cells. | yes |
17,272,751 | Does cD44 regulate vascular gene expression in a proatherogenic environment? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify early changes in vascular gene expression mediated by CD44 that promote atherosclerotic disease in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient (apoE-/-) mice.",
"We demonstrate that CD44 is upregulated and functionally activated in aortic arch in the atherogenic environment of apoE-/- mice ... | CD44 is an early mediator of atherogenesis by virtue of its ability to regulate vascular gene expression in response to a proatherogenic environment. | yes |
17,296,467 | Do effects of direct-to-consumer advertising of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase inhibitors on attainment of LDL-C goals? | {
"contexts": [
"Although highly controversial, directto-consumer (DTC) television advertising for prescription drugs is an established practice in the US health care industry. While the US Food and Drug Administration is currently reexamining its regulatory stance, little evidence exists regarding the impact of ... | The results of this study suggest that higher levels of DTC television advertising of statin treatment were significantly associated with improvements in the likelihood of attaining cholesterol-management goals for at least some patients. While this paper does not address the impact of DTC advertising on the costs of c... | yes |
17,275,163 | Does synergy of interferon-alpha and 5-fluorouracil in human renal cell carcinoma require p53 activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Immunochemical therapy combining cytokines and chemotherapeutic agents is expected to be effective for treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We investigated the mechanism underlying the synergism of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the effect of p53 status on the... | The synergy of IFN-alpha and 5-FU requires p53 activity, suggesting that p53 status may serve as a predictive factor for response to the combination therapy. Because metastatic RCC frequently has p53 mutations, therapy restoring p53 may markedly improve the response rate of immunochemical therapy combining IFN-alpha an... | yes |
17,287,238 | Is hippocampal activation in patients with mild cognitive impairment necessary for successful memory encoding? | {
"contexts": [
"Episodic memory enables us to consciously recollect personally experienced past events. Memory performance is reduced in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an at-risk condition for Alzheimer's disease (AD).",
"We used functional MRI (fMRI) to compare brain activity during memory e... | These results suggest that in patients with MCI, an increase in MTL activation is necessary for successful memory encoding. Hippocampal activation may help to link newly learned information to items already stored in memory. Increased activation in MTL regions in MCI may reflect a compensatory response to the beginning... | yes |
17,289,474 | Is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia following cardiac surgery associated with poor outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"The outcome of cardiac surgical patients with clinically diagnosed heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) was studied.",
"Retrospective, observational study.",
"University hospital.",
"All cardiac surgical patients with diagnosed HIT after cardiac surgery between January 2002 and Dece... | The incidence of HIT in association with low-molecular-weight heparin use after cardiac surgery was low. HIT was associated with perioperative platelet transfusions and carried a remarkably high risk of thromboembolic complications and death. In order to reduce morbidity and mortality, early recognition of heparin-asso... | yes |
17,284,929 | Are lys , pro and trp critical core amino acid residues recognized by FUM20 , a monoclonal antibody against serine protease pan-fungal allergens? | {
"contexts": [
"Alkaline/vacuolar serine proteases comprise a major group of pan-fungal allergens from several prevalent airborne fungal species. It is of importance to characterize antigenic determinant(s) recognized by monoclonal antibodies against these major allergens.",
"The antigenic determinant of fun... | The lysine, proline and tryptophan residues located on the N-terminal region of fungal serine proteases are critical core amino acid residues recognized by FUM20, a monoclonal antibody against serine protease pan-fungal allergens. These findings advance our understanding of the antigenic structures responsible for the ... | yes |
17,275,032 | Does estrogen receptor beta/alpha ratio predict response of pancreatic cancer cells to estrogens and phytoestrogens? | {
"contexts": [
"Reports on hormone receptor expression of pancreatic cancer (PaCa) cells and treatment responses to antihormonal therapy are conflicting. We examined estrogen receptor (ER) expression in PaCa cells and investigated its function in estrogen-mediated cell proliferation.",
"Protein levels of ERa... | PaCa proliferation in vitro is highly estrogen sensitive, and in contrast to other reports, ERs are frequently expressed. In 7/8 cell lines, ERbeta expression outweighs ERalpha expression. The impact of the ERbeta/ERalpha ratio on estrogen-mediated growth stimulation and reduced cytotoxicity at physiological concentrat... | yes |
17,275,031 | Does vasoactive intestinal peptide inhibit adhesion molecule expression in activated human colon serosal fibroblasts by preventing NF-kappaB activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Stricture formation in Crohn's disease (CD) occurs as a result of persistent intestinal inflammatory activation, which leads to enhanced adhesion molecule expression in serosal fibroblasts (SFs). Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties. Treatment ... | VIP has an inhibitory effect on IL-1beta-induced ICAM-1 expression in SFs, which may be associated with NF-kappaB activity. This may make VIP potentially a novel therapeutic agent for preventing stricture formation in Crohn's disease. | yes |
17,275,030 | Does a novel dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine produce promising results in a syngenic CC-36 murine colon adenocarcinoma model? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was conducted to test the efficacy of a new cancer vaccine, composed of dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with an interleukin-2 gene-encoded vaccinia virus tumor oncolysate (DC-IL-2VCO) in a CC-36 murine colon adenocarcinoma model.",
"CC-36 tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into ... | DCs pulsed with an IL-2 gene-encoded vaccinia virus tumor oncolysate (DC-IL-2VCO) produced safe and effective immune responses in a murine CC-36 colon adenocarcinoma model. This vaccine (DC-MelVac; Patent no. 11221/5) has the potential to treat humans with cancer, and has received FDA approval for use in Phase I clinic... | yes |
17,270,317 | Does fish oil supplementation alter energy efficiency in healthy males? | {
"contexts": [
"Fish oil (FO) supplementation prevents the development of obesity and insulin resistance, and upregulate the expression of UCP3 in skeletal muscle in rodents. This may represent indirect evidence that FO promotes fat oxidation and/or alter energy efficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate ... | FO supplementation did not significantly alter energy metabolism and energy efficiency during exercise in healthy humans. | no |
17,279,579 | Do patients with differentiated thyroid cancer have a venous gradient in thyroglobulin levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Although serum thyroglobulin (Tg) is an excellent marker for detecting recurrent or persistent differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), it is unreliable in patients who have positive anti-Tg antibodies. Furthermore, a growing number of patients with DTC have elevated Tg levels but no detectable disea... | To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to document a venous gradient in Tg protein levels in patients with DTC. The findings suggested that venous sampling for Tg may be used to localize DTC in some patients who have high or increasing serum Tg levels but negative radioiodine scans or imaging studies. | yes |
17,283,302 | Is cardiovascular fitness negatively associated with homocysteine levels in female adolescents? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association between cardiovascular fitness and homocysteine levels in adolescents.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"Madrid, Murcia, Granada, Santander, and Zaragoza, Spain.",
"One hundred fifty-six Spanish adolescents (76 boys and 80 girls) aged (mean +/- SD) 14.8 +/- 1.4 y... | The results suggest that cardiovascular fitness is negatively associated with homocysteine levels in female adolescents after controlling for potential cofounders including MTHFR 677C>T genotype. | yes |
17,276,305 | Does combined quantitative supine-prone myocardial perfusion SPECT improve detection of coronary artery disease and normalcy rates in women? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to determine the diagnostic performance of a recently developed combined supine-prone quantification algorithm for myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (MPS) for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women.",
"Consecutive MPS scans of women wit... | Combined supine-prone quantitative MPS in women yields significantly increased specificity and normalcy rates without compromising sensitivity for the detection of CAD compared with standard analysis. | yes |
17,276,018 | Is convenience the key to hepatitis A and B vaccination uptake among young adult injection drug users? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite CDC recommendations to vaccinate injection drug users (IDUs) against hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, coverage remains low. Vaccination programs convenient to IDUs have not been widely implemented or evaluated. We assessed whether convenience and monetary in... | IDUs were willing to be vaccinated but immediate, on-site availability was critical for uptake. Convenience should be a key consideration in designing strategies to increase vaccine coverage among IDUs. | yes |
17,296,196 | Do human myometrium and leiomyomas express gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 and gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the presence or absence of a second form of GnRH (GnRH2) and corresponding receptor (GnRHR2) in human uterine myometrium and leiomyomata.",
"Evaluation of human leiomyoma and patient-matched myometrium of differential mRNA and protein expression of GnRH2 and GnRHR2.",
"Univer... | A second form of GnRH and corresponding receptor exists in the fibroid and myometrium. We speculate that an autocrine loop exists. Our findings provide further evidence that GnRH agonists may interact directly with GnRH receptors present in uterine fibroids. | yes |
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