pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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17,275,554 | Is total thyroidectomy the preferred treatment for patients with Graves ' disease and a thyroid nodule? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the indications and outcomes of total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease in a North American cohort.",
"Prospective database of 297 patients undergoing total thyroidectomy in a tertiary care center identified 49 patients with Graves'.",
"There were 37 women and 12 men (mean age... | Total thyroidectomy for Graves' has minimal morbidity. Patients with Graves' and a thyroid nodule are at an increased risk for malignancy and should be treated with a total thyroidectomy. | yes |
17,283,424 | Does c-reactive protein distribution and correlate among men and women with chronic coronary heart disease? | {
"contexts": [
"C-reactive protein (CRP) elevated in inflammation is associated with atherosclerotic disease. We describe the distribution of CRP and its association with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in a large CHD patient group.",
"This analysis comprises 2,723 male and 256 female CHD patients,... | Among men and women with CHD, CRP level was correlated with traditional risk factors and to a lesser degree to manifestation of CHD. BMI is the main contributor to CRP variability, explained by these factors among women. | yes |
17,273,834 | Is use of ACE inhibitors associated with elevated levels of IGFBP-3 among hypertensive older adults : results from the IlSIRENTE study? | {
"contexts": [
"Several studies in vitro or in rodent models have suggested a potential relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis. However, this relationship has only rarely been investigated in humans. The aim of the present cross-secti... | Among hypertensive older adults, ACE inhibitors use is associated with higher IGFBP-3 levels. | yes |
17,274,675 | Is functional half-life a meaningful descriptor of steady-state pharmacokinetics of an extended-release formulation of a rapidly cleared drug : as shown by once-daily divalproex-ER? | {
"contexts": [
"For many drugs, steady-state concentration-time profiles are often not optimally characterised by the intrinsic terminal elimination half-life for various reasons, including multiexponential disposition with minimal contribution of the terminal phase to steady-state exposure or use of controlled-... | The t((1/2)F) of valproic acid optimally characterises the expected steady-state C(max) to C(min )decrease of 33% in uninduced and 45% in induced adults following once-daily administration of divalproex-ER. | yes |
17,275,981 | Does total and differential leukocyte count percentiles in normal pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish leukocyte count and leukocyte differential percentiles in normal uncomplicated pregnancy.",
"This retrospective longitudinal study was performed in an outpatient facility for routine antenatal care. The study population comprised of 726 healthy women from the 5th to the 41st week... | In this study, we provide total and differential leukocyte counts' mean+/-S.D., minimal and maximal values, and the 3rd, 5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles for entire pregnancy and for each trimester separately. These reference values should prove useful for diagnostic and research purposes. | yes |
17,296,570 | Does t-cell receptor repertoire usage after allografting differ between CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and their CD4+CD25- counterpart? | {
"contexts": [
"After allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) the whole T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire shows a markedly skewed pattern for 2-3 years. A small fraction of CD4+ T cells is represented by CD25+ regulatory lymphocytes (Treg), which play a crucial role in modulating peripheral tole... | Our data show that the TCR repertoires of Treg and Tconv are significantly different early post-SCT, while they tend to become identical with full reconstitution. This difference could reflect either a discrepancy in the in vivo reactivity against common antigenic stimulations or be the result of different post-transpl... | yes |
17,272,744 | Do reactive oxygen species activate the HIF-1alpha promoter via a functional NFkappaB site? | {
"contexts": [
"Reactive oxygen species have been implicated as signaling molecules modulating the activity of redox-sensitive transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). Recently, the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), known to mediate gene expression by hypoxia, has ... | These findings show for the first time to our knowledge that reactive oxygen species directly link HIF-1alpha and NF-kappaB, implicating an important pathophysiological role of this novel pathway in disorders associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species. | yes |
17,284,623 | Do altered skeletal muscle fiber composition and size precede whole-body insulin resistance in young men with low birth weight? | {
"contexts": [
"Low birth weight (LBW), a surrogate marker of an adverse fetal milieu, is linked to muscle insulin resistance, impaired insulin-stimulated glycolysis, and future risk of type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle mass, fiber composition, and capillary density are important determinants of muscle function a... | Alterations in fiber composition and size may contribute to development of type 2 diabetes in individuals with LBW. | yes |
17,284,621 | Does sympathetic vasomotor tone determine blood pressure response to long-term sibutramine treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor sibutramine is a widely used antiobesity drug. In acute studies, the peripheral sympathomimetic effect of sibutramine was counteracted by a central sympatholytic action.",
"The objective was to test the hypothesis that blood pressure resp... | The blood pressure response to sibutramine treatment is related to initial MSNA so that subjects with higher MSNA exhibit a smaller increase or even a decrease in blood pressure. The phenomenon might be explained by a sustained reduction in central sympathetic activity with sibutramine treatment. | yes |
17,296,436 | Does a histone deacetylase inhibitor enhance adenoviral infection of renal cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor is a high affinity receptor for adenovirus type 5. To our knowledge the expression profile of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor in renal cancer has not been described. We evaluated the expression of coxsackie and adenovirus receptor in human renal cancer specimen... | In human renal cancer specimens a loss of or decrease in coxsackie and adenovirus receptor expression may be an early event in renal cancer progression. Pretreatment with FK-228 may increase tumor cell sensitivity to adenoviral gene therapy vectors. | yes |
17,284,732 | Does reduced physical activity increase intermuscular adipose tissue in healthy young adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent findings suggest that higher levels of intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are associated with glucose dysregulation, lower levels of muscle strength, and a heightened risk of disability. Although several studies have described adaptations in muscle after reduced physical activity, the cha... | IMAT accumulates markedly after reduced activity in healthy young adults. Increases in IMAT may contribute to losses in muscle strength associated with reduced physical activity, but the mechanism responsible is yet to be determined. | yes |
17,284,733 | Does dietary alpha-linolenic acid inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hypercholesterolemic subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. We previously reported that a diet high in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) reduces lipid and inflammatory cardiovascular disease risk factors in hypercholesterolemic subjects.",
"The objective was to evaluate the effects of a diet high in ALA on s... | Increased intakes of dietary ALA elicit antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha production in cultured PBMCs. Changes in PBMC ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (derived from dietary ALA) are associated with beneficial changes in TNF-alpha release. Thus, the cardioprotective effects of ALA are m... | yes |
17,284,735 | Are serum visfatin concentrations positively correlated with serum triacylglycerols and down-regulated by overfeeding in healthy young men? | {
"contexts": [
"Visfatin is an insulin-mimicking adipokine. Visfatin is elevated in obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, its role in glucose and lipid metabolism in healthy humans is unclear.",
"The objective was to investigate the correlations of visfatin with phenotypes of glucose, lipids, and body compos... | Visfatin is down-regulated by overfeeding. Under physiologic conditions, visfatin does not appear to control glucose metabolism but may play a regulatory role in lipid metabolism. | yes |
17,274,353 | Does halofuginone reduce the occurrence of renal fibrosis in 5/6 nephrectomized rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Halofuginone is a novel antifibrotic agent that can reverse the fibrotic process by specific inhibition of collagen type I synthesis.",
"To evaluate the effect of Halo on the development of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis in the 5/6 nephrectomy rat model",
"Male Wistar rats w... | Halofuginone reduced proteinuria as well as the severity of interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis in 5/6 NX rats. The renal beneficial effect of Halo was also demonstrated by the blunted decrease in creatinine clearance observed in the treated animals. | yes |
17,287,939 | Does medial prefrontal cortex infusion of alpha-flupenthixol attenuate systemic d-amphetamine-induced disruption of conditional discrimination performance in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been argued that tasks that necessitate the use of context in the service of goal-directed behaviour are disrupted in both schizophrenic patients and in animal analogues by dopamine (DA) manipulation with the prefrontal cortex being implicated.",
"To determine the effects on conditiona... | These results show that conditional discrimination performance is at least in part mediated by prefrontal DA as local PFC DA antagonism attenuates task performance disruption by the indirect DA agonist d-amphetamine further implicating the role of dysfunctional forebrain DA in cognitive deficits evident in schizophreni... | yes |
17,289,876 | Are somatic TP53 mutations relatively rare among adrenocortical cancers with the frequent 17p13 loss of heterozygosity? | {
"contexts": [
"Allelic losses [loss of heterozygosity (LOH)] at the 17p13 locus are frequent (85%) in adrenocortical cancers. The tumor suppressor gene TP53 is located at 17p13. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of TP53 somatic inactivating mutations in adrenocortical tumors with 17p13 LOH and... | The finding that only a minority of adrenocortical tumors with 17p13 LOH had either a VNTR1 LOH or a TP53 mutation indicates that TP53 might not be the only or major tumor suppressor gene at 17p13 involved in adrenocortical cancer progression. We suggest that a genetic instability of the 17p13 region, occurring early i... | yes |
17,276,091 | Is eyelid myoclonia with absences : routine EEG sufficient to make a diagnosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the prevalence, clinical characteristics and routine EEG features of the syndrome of eyelid myoclonia with absences (EMA) using a retrospective case control study design.",
"EEGs from 1996 to 2005 were searched using the following keywords: eyelid flutter, eyelid blinking, tics, i... | EMA is not uncommon; diagnosis can be made with good clinical history and routine EEG. As developmental delay is a common association with EMA in this study, early identification and treatment are important. | yes |
17,279,586 | Is ductular reaction helpful in defining early stromal invasion , small hepatocellular carcinomas , and dysplastic nodules? | {
"contexts": [
"Stromal invasion is 1 of the main features used to distinguish high-grade dysplastic nodules (DNs) from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). The authors hypothesized that ductular reaction (DR) takes place around noninvasive hepatocellular nodules but not within the stroma contig... | DR/CK7 immunostaining may help to identify small foci of invasion and to distinguish noninvasive, high-grade DNs from both minimally invasive and overtly invasive HCCs. | yes |
17,279,585 | Are expression levels and activation of a PXR variant directly related to drug resistance in osteosarcoma cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"Approximately 30% to 40% of all patients with osteosarcomas ultimately experience recurrence. The study investigated the hypothesis that the resistance of osteosarcoma to chemotherapy may be related to the expression of a pregnane xenobiotic receptor (PXR) variant protein and its role as the majo... | The results suggest that PXR plays a critical role in the regulation of P450 3A4 expression in osteosarcoma and that its expression and activation in these tumors may influence the effect of chemotherapeutic agents on the induction of target genes implicated in drug resistance. | yes |
17,288,572 | Does comparative analysis of genome tiling array data reveal many novel primate-specific functional RNAs in human? | {
"contexts": [
"Widespread transcription activities in the human genome were recently observed in high-resolution tiling array experiments, which revealed many novel transcripts that are outside of the boundaries of known protein or RNA genes. Termed as \"TARs\" (Transcriptionally Active Regions), these novel tr... | The existence of potential primate-specific functional transcripts has demonstrated the limitation of previous genome comparison studies, which put too much emphasis on conservation between human and rodents. It also argues for the necessity of sequencing additional primate species to gain a better and more comprehensi... | yes |
17,296,993 | Do metabolite findings in tumefactive demyelinating lesions utilizing short echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy? | {
"contexts": [
"To use MR spectroscopy to aid in the diagnosis of demyelinating disease and to help differentiate tumefactive demyelinating lesions from neoplastic processes.",
"MR imaging of the brain was obtained in 4 patients who presented clinically with focal neurologic deficits. MR imaging initially re... | MR spectroscopic metabolite information may be useful in the diagnosis of demyelinating disease by demonstrating elevation of the glutamate/glutamine peaks because elevation of these peaks is typically not seen in aggressive intra-axial neoplastic processes. This is particularly beneficial in the rarer cases of tumefac... | yes |
17,298,647 | Does attentional re-training decrease attentional bias in heavy drinkers without generalization? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether alcohol-related attentional bias (AB) can be reduced by training heavy drinkers to attend to soft drinks as an alternative to alcohol. Diminishing AB is important because AB has been suggested to be a significant factor in the development, maintenance and relapse of addictive b... | Although heavy drinkers can learn to attend selectively to an alternative category for alcohol, a single AR is not sufficient to decrease symptoms of problem drinking. | yes |
17,285,717 | Do [ Multi-center clinical study of the effect of silver nitrate ointment on the partial-thickness burn wounds ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the therapeutic effect of silver nitrate ointment on partial-thickness burn wounds, and observe its side-effects.",
"Multi-center, randomized, positive drug paralleled self-controlled trial was carried out. Eighty patients with superficial partial-thickness burns, and 40 with deep... | Silver nitrate ointment is an effective and safe medicament for the clinical management of partial-thickness burn wounds. | yes |
17,290,189 | Are the in vivo antitumoral effects of lipopolysaccharide against glioblastoma multiforme mediated in part by Toll-like receptor 4? | {
"contexts": [
"Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr-4) mediates many biological effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which has antitumoral effects on glioblastoma both in vivo and in vitro. However, the precise role of Tlr-4 in these antitumoral effects remains unknown.",
"The role of Tlr-4 in the antitumoral effect o... | LPS-induced antitumoral effects on glioblastoma multiforme are mediated, in part, by the Tlr-4 receptor. Further understanding of this process may lead to novel treatment strategies for this uniformly fatal disease. | yes |
17,284,309 | Is persistent hyperglycemia an independent predictor of outcome in acute myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated blood glucose values are a prognostic factor in myocardial infarction (MI) patients. The unfavourable relation between hyperglycemia and outcome is known for admission glucose and fasting glucose after admission. These predictors are single measurements and thus not indicative of overall... | Persistent hyperglycemia in MI has a stronger relation with 30-day MACE than elevated glucose at admission. | yes |
17,285,407 | Is a history of aggression a risk factor for postoperative confusion in elderly male drinkers? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the relationship between preoperative psychological state and postoperative confusion in elderly drinkers.",
"We studied 81 male patients, ranging in age from 65 to 80 years, who were scheduled to undergo total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty. The patients were di... | A history of aggression in elderly male drinkers is associated with postoperative confusion. | yes |
17,280,558 | Does relief of chronic partial ureteral obstruction attenuate salt-sensitive hypertension in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The incidence of hydronephrosis due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction is approx. 0.5%. During the last decade, the management of non-symptomatic hydronephrosis has become much more conservative, but the long-term physiological consequences of this policy are not clear. Previously, we have sho... | Hydronephrosis in rats causes salt-sensitive hypertension that can be markedly reduced by removing the hydronephrotic kidney or relieving the obstruction by ureterovesicostomy. The mechanisms appear to be intrarenal and primarily located in the diseased kidney, but a secondary mechanism is also present. | yes |
17,280,554 | Does oestrogen modulate cardiac ischaemic remodelling through oestrogen receptor-specific mechanisms? | {
"contexts": [
"Observational and clinical studies suggest different responses upon sex hormone replacement therapy in ischaemic heart disease. Few studies, however, have examined the impact of oestrogen receptor-dependent mechanisms on the extent of injury after myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, we set out... | Although E2 modulates the infarct size in ERalpha(-/-), it also appears to be responsible for the higher mortality following MI. ERbeta appears to be the receptor involved in the modulating effects of E2 in the infarcted heart. | yes |
17,284,514 | Does rectal acetaminophen reduce morphine consumption after major surgery in young infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The safety and value of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in addition to continuous morphine infusion has never been studied in newborns and young infants. We investigated the addition of acetaminophen to evaluate whether it decreased morphine consumption in this age group after major thoracic (non-car... | Acetaminophen, as an adjuvant to continuous morphine infusion, does not have an additional analgesic effect and should not be considered as standard of care in young infants, 0-2 months of age, after major thoracic (non-cardiac) or abdominal surgery. | no |
17,290,058 | Does american Joint Committee on Cancer staging system accurately predict survival in patients receiving multimodality therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus who receive preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, pathologic complete response (pCR), and estimated treatment response are various means used to stratify patients prognostically after surgery. Howeve... | The current AJCC staging system is not a good predictor of survival after CRT. Although patients with a pCR do have improved long-term survival relative to patients with residual disease, this method places too much emphasis on residual depth of invasion and fails to identify patients with residual disease who have goo... | no |
17,289,006 | Is the KCNQ1 potassium channel down-regulated by ubiquitylating enzymes of the Nedd4/Nedd4-like family? | {
"contexts": [
"The voltage-gated KCNQ1 potassium channel regulates key physiological functions in a number of tissues. In the heart, KCNQ1 alpha-subunits assemble with KCNE1 beta-subunits forming a channel complex constituting the delayed rectifier current I(Ks). In epithelia, KCNQ1 channels participate in cont... | These results suggest that KCNQ1 internalization and stability is physiologically regulated by its Nedd4/Nedd4-like-dependent ubiquitylation. This mechanism may thereby be important in regulating the surface density of the KCNQ1 channels in cardiomyocytes and other cell types. | yes |
17,293,266 | Do low-energy gamma-emitting stents inhibit intimal hyperplasia with minimal `` edge effects '' in a pig coronary artery model? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gamma-emitting radioactive stents on intimal hyperplasia in a porcine coronary stent model at 28 days.",
"Sixty-four bare stents and those coated with palladium-103 [activities of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.... | Dose-response inhibition of in-stent hyperplasia with minimal "edge effects" occurs with low-energy gamma-emitting stents. An increased inflammatory response at higher doses in palladium-103 stents indicates that later follow-up studies are necessary. | yes |
17,293,264 | Is preprocedure hyperglycemia more strongly associated with restenosis in diabetic patients after percutaneous coronary intervention than is hemoglobin A1C? | {
"contexts": [
"Although more frequent in diabetic patients, restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is less common in those with good glycemic control. High circulating insulin levels may also be associated with more frequent restenosis.",
"Fasting blood samples were obtained from 162 diab... | Hemoglobin A1C, insulin, and insulin resistance at the time of the PCI are not associated with restenosis. Periprocedural hyperglycemia may promote restenosis in diabetics. | yes |
17,278,971 | Are sAH gene variants associated with obesity-related hypertension in Caucasians : the PEGASE Study? | {
"contexts": [
"The SAH gene locus has recently been proposed to be involved in obesity-related hypertension in Japanese individuals.",
"To replicate independently the initial findings in another ethnic group, we scanned the entire SAH gene in 190 Caucasian chromosomes. A total of 651 patients with essential... | We confirm recent evidence that the SAH locus is associated with obesity-related hypertension, in which pathophysiological context SAH variants affecting blood pressure remain, however, to be shown. | yes |
17,278,973 | Is small artery elasticity assessed by pulse wave analysis no measure of endothelial dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Determination of endothelial function has emerged as a crucial factor in the assessment of individual cardiovascular risk. Sonographic measurement of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is the most widespread technique to assess endothelial function, but analysis is very time-consuming and requires an e... | Our findings show that static measurement of vascular parameters by an automated pulse-wave analysis procedure cannot be used to assess endothelial function. Further studies are needed to examine whether a dynamic measurement of arterial compliance before and after stimulation of the endothelium (e.g. by ischemia) migh... | yes |
17,278,974 | Does advanced glycation endproduct crosslink breaker ( alagebrium ) improve endothelial function in patients with isolated systolic hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Arterial stiffening and endothelial dysfunction are hallmarks of aging, and advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) may contribute to these changes. We tested the hypothesis that AGE crosslink breakers enhance endothelial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in humans and examined the potential mechanisms f... | Alagebrium enhances peripheral artery endothelial function and improves overall impedance matching. Improved endothelial function correlates better with reduced vascular fibrosis and inflammation markers than with vessel distensibility. AGE-crosslink breakers may reduce cardiovascular risk in older adults by reduced ce... | yes |
17,299,121 | Does identification and correlate of weight loss in adolescents in a national sample? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known about behaviors associated with successful weight loss during adolescence. The first objective of the current study was to identify meaningful weight loss, weight maintenance, and weight gain in male and female adolescents. The second objective of this study was to apply these met... | This study provides a method to determine successful adolescent weight loss for researchers and provides useful concrete information about successful weight loss for clinicians and others who work with adolescents. | yes |
17,299,127 | Are high visceral fat mass and high liver fat associated with resistance to lifestyle intervention? | {
"contexts": [
"High visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and high liver fat (LF) are associated with the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. We studied changes in these two fat depots during weight loss and analyzed whether VAT and LF at baseline predict the response to lifestyle intervention.",
"One hundred twelve s... | Baseline values and changes in BMI, VAT, and LF are related to changes in insulin sensitivity during lifestyle intervention. Subjects with high VAT and LF have a lower chance of profiting from lifestyle intervention and may require intensified lifestyle prevention strategies or even pharmacological approaches to improv... | yes |
17,270,507 | Is expression of bcl-2 in ductular proliferation related to periportal hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis progression in patients with autoimmune cholestasis? | {
"contexts": [
"To study bcl-2 expression in ductular proliferation cholangiocytes and hepatic stellate cell activation in liver biopsies from patients with autoimmune cholangitis and primary biliary cirrhosis.",
"Twenty-four primary biliary cirrhosis patients and 11 autoimmune cholangitis patients were incl... | Periportal hepatic stellate cell activation seems to play a main role in fibrosis progression in patients with autoimmune cholestasis. Bcl-2 expression in ductular proliferation may promote hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis. | yes |
17,291,804 | Is human papillomavirus subtype 16 common in Pakistani women with cervical carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recognized as a major causative agent for cervical carcinomas. Based on their oncogenic potential, HPV subtypes have been divided into high- and low-risk. In Pakistan, screening for HPV in female patients is not commonly practiced, and as a consequence, the degree of... | Our results show a strong relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer among Pakistani women. These results underscore the need to implement regular HPV screening for Pakistani women. An early diagnosis of HPV infection will allow better health management to reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer. | yes |
17,268,413 | Does dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil lower blood pressure in dyslipidaemic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is the natural precursor of the cardioprotective long-chain n-3 fatty acids. Available data indicate a possible beneficial effect of ALA on cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the response of various CVD risk factors to increased ALA intake is not well characterized. The ... | We observed a hypotensive effect of ALA, which may constitute another mechanism accounting in part for the apparent cardioprotective effect of this n-3 fatty acid. | yes |
17,268,414 | Does herring ( Clupea harengus ) supplemented diet influence risk factors for CVD in overweight subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effect of a 4-week herring diet compared to a reference diet on biomarkers for cardiovascular disease in obese subjects.",
"Randomized crossover trial.",
"Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital.",
"Fifteen healthy obese men and women (age 24-70 ... | Consumption of oven-baked herring (150 g/day, 5 days/week) for 4 weeks, compared to consumption of pork and chicken fillets, significantly increased p-HDL. Patients with insulin resistance and obesity, who commonly have low HDL, may therefore benefit from addition of herring to the diet. | yes |
17,287,896 | Are helicobacter pylori infection in combination with the serum pepsinogen I/II ratio and interleukin-1beta-511 polymorphisms independent risk factors for gastric cancer in Thais? | {
"contexts": [
"Thailand has the lowest incidence of gastric cancer in the world. Helicobacter pylori infection, a low serum pepsinogen I/II ratio, and interleukin (IL)-1beta-511 polymorphisms are suspected to be risk factors for gastric cancer.",
"A total of 167 Thais, comprising 56 cancer patients and 111 ... | A low serum pepsinogen I/II ratio combined with positivity for H. pylori IgG, and a IL-1beta-511 C/C genotype may be independent risk factors for gastric cancer in Thais. | yes |
17,291,601 | Does the pregnancy-induced increase of plasma angiotensin- ( 1-7 ) is blunt in gestational diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been shown that the circulating Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is activated during normal pregnancy, but little is known about RAS in pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes (GDM). GDM is considered not merely a temporary condition, but a harbinger of hypertension and type 2 diabet... | Our data suggest that reduced levels of the vasodilator Ang-(1-7) could be implicated in the endothelial dysfunction seen in gestational diabetic women during and after pregnancy. | yes |
17,289,880 | Is alpha1-antitrypsin precursor in gastric juice a novel biomarker for gastric cancer and ulcer? | {
"contexts": [
"To search for novel disease-specific markers in gastric juice by investigating the protein concentrations and components in gastric juice from patients with various gastroduodenal diseases.",
"Protein concentrations and pH values in fasting gastric juice were examined in 120 healthy subjects ... | alpha1-antitrypsin precursor in gastric juice is a novel biomarker for gastric cancer and ulcer. A noninvasive method to obtain gastric juice followed by proteomic analysis may serve as a new tool to screen for gastric malignancies. | yes |
17,289,883 | Are vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms associated with prognosis in ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an important regulator of angiogenesis and vascular permeability, is involved in various steps of ovarian carcinogenesis. Gene polymorphisms within the gene encoding VEGF were shown to be independently associated with an adverse outcome in various malign... | We present the first data on VEGF gene polymorphisms in ovarian cancer. Simultaneous carriage of the three investigated homozygous genotypes was shown to be an independent adverse prognosticator of overall survival. | yes |
17,289,882 | Is increased expression of SIM2-s protein a novel marker of aggressive prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The human SIM2 gene is located within the Down's syndrome critical region of chromosome 21 and encodes transcription factors involved in brain development and neuronal differentiation. SIM2 has been assigned a possible role in the pathogenesis of solid tumors, and the SIM2-short isoform (SIM2-s) ... | These novel findings indicate for the first time that SIM2 expression might be important for clinical progress of human cancer and support the recent proposal of SIM2-s as a candidate for targeted therapy in prostate cancer. | yes |
17,275,700 | Does strain rate imaging differentiate hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy from physiologic cardiac hypertrophy ( athlete 's heart )? | {
"contexts": [
"This study sought to determine whether strain rate imaging could distinguish between individuals with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and those with strength-training athletic LVH.",
"In all, 108 participants (30 hypertensive LVH, 30 strength-training LVH, 48 control) were enr... | Hypertensive LVH has significant longitudinal strain, SR(S), and SR(E) reductions versus control. The lack of these reductions in athletes suggests that strain rate imaging may have clinical use in discerning the physiologic LVH state. | yes |
17,295,733 | Do only male mice show sensitization of handling-induced convulsions across repeated ethanol withdrawal cycles? | {
"contexts": [
"Alcohol abuse, especially when experienced in multiple cycles of chronic abuse and withdrawal, leads to a sensitization of central nervous system hyperexcitability that may culminate in overt expression of seizures. In spite of the growing prevalence of alcohol abuse and dependence in females sho... | Male and female mice exposed to the same number of cycles of EtOH withdrawal demonstrate differences in expression of seizures. Males show the typical sensitization of seizures, or kindling response, which has been reported clinically as well as in animal models, but females do not. The reason for the lack of seizure s... | yes |
17,298,657 | Does effects of rapid smoking on post-cessation urge to smoke? | {
"contexts": [
"Rapid smoking (RS) is a smoking cessation technique with sufficient indications of promise to warrant further investigation. The main presumed effect of RS is on reducing desire to smoke.",
"To evaluate the effect of a single session of RS immediately prior to quitting smoking on urges to smo... | RS has an 'active ingredient' (craving reduction) and its effects on smoking cessation may merit further examination using modern rigorous methodology. | yes |
17,298,651 | Do treatment setting and baseline substance use severity interact to predict patients ' outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"This study tested the hypothesis that patients with more severe substance use disorders (SUDs) at intake respond better when treated in more structured and intensive settings (i.e. in-patient/residential versus out-patient), whereas patients with less severe SUD problems have similar outcomes reg... | Results provide some support to the matching hypothesis that for patients who have higher levels of substance use severity at intake, treatment in in-patient/residential treatment settings is associated with better outcomes than out-patient treatment. More research needs to be conducted before in-patient/residential se... | yes |
17,293,957 | Does glutamine alone or combined with short-chain fatty acids fail to enhance gut adaptation after massive enterectomy in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of oral glutamine alone or combined with short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the intestinal adaptation of rats submitted to an massive enterectomy.",
"After receiving 70% small bowel resection, 30 Wistar rats were randomized to received either standard rat chow (contro... | All groups presented adaptation of the intestinal mucosa in the remnant gut. Glutamine combined or not with short chain fatty acids fails to influence the adaptive response of the small bowel. | yes |
17,273,112 | Is early elevation of plasma von Willebrand factor antigen in pediatric acute lung injury associated with an increased risk of death and prolonged mechanical ventilation? | {
"contexts": [
"Von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF-Ag) is a marker of pulmonary and systemic endothelial activation and injury. Adult studies indicate that patients with plasma vWF-Ag levels > or = 450% of control early in the course of acute lung injury (ALI) have an increased risk of death. The objective of th... | Early injury to the systemic and pulmonary endothelium, as measured by plasma vWF-Ag levels, is associated with an increased risk of death and prolonged mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients with ALI. | yes |
17,273,115 | Does oxygen treatment restore energy status following experimental neonatal hypoxia-ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether oxygen treatment could attenuate the alterations in cerebral energy metabolism found in the brain following hypoxia-ischemia.",
"Seven-day-old rat pups were subjected to unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by 2 hrs of hypoxia (8% oxyg... | These results suggest that oxygen treatment during the initial period of recovery from a hypoxia-ischemic insult is able to attenuate energy deficits in the brain, which ultimately leads to a reduction in brain injury. | yes |
17,270,214 | Does loss of claudin-1 expression correlate with malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The prognosis for the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient is affected by invasion and metastases. The attenuated expression of adherens junction protein epithelial-cadherin (E-cad) correlates with a more malignant potential in HCC. However, the potential of the claudin (CL) family of tight jun... | Attenuated expression of CL-1 closely correlates with the dedifferentiation and portal invasion of HCC. Down-regulated CL-1 expression may serve as a potential marker for a poor prognosis in HCC. | yes |
17,267,538 | Is percutaneous transluminal angioplasty feasible and effective in patients on chronic dialysis with severe peripheral artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is common among patients on chronic dialysis. Despite severe clinical manifestations, the indication for bypass surgery is controversial, because of the high morbidity and mortality rate of these patients. The less invasive percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (... | PTA is feasible and effective in dialysis patients with PAD, and should be preferred to other more invasive interventions. | yes |
17,289,309 | Is hormonal therapy associated with a lower prevalence of breast arterial calcification on mammography? | {
"contexts": [
"To bring further understanding to the relationship between hormonal therapy (HT) and breast arterial calcification (BAC).",
"Of women arriving for breast cancer screening mammography, 1995 consented to complete a survey and have their mammograms analyzed for the presence of BAC. The survey as... | Well-established cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, stroke, and age) appear to be associated with a significantly higher incidence of BAC, while HT during the menopausal years appears to be associated with a significantly lower prevalence of BAC. | yes |
17,277,866 | Is [ Intensified insulin therapy plus antineuritic medication more effective than antineuritics alone in painful diabetic neuropathy ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The basis of the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy is the use of drugs that block the transmission of pain (antineuritics) and a good metabolic control of underlying disease.",
"To describe the outcomes of 17 type-2 diabetics with painful neuropathy, treated between 1988 and 2005 with ... | The addition of intensified insulin therapy to the symptomatic treatment of painful neuropathy in type-2 diabetics, significantly enhanced the reduction of pain. The lowering of glycosilated hemoglobin was a significant predictor of success in pain reduction. | yes |
17,285,592 | Is secretagogin a new neuroendocrine marker in the human prostate? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in prostate cancer (PCa), promoted by NE cell secreted products, appears to be associated with tumor progression, poor prognosis, and hormone-refractory disease. We recently reported secretagogin, a hexa-EF-hand Ca(2+) binding protein, as a novel NE marker in c... | Secretagogin is a novel NE marker in the prostate with more extended immunoreactivity compared to the NE markers CgA, SYN, and NSE. Secretagogin is widely expressed in prostatic adenocarcinoma as opposed to adenocarcinomas in other organs. | yes |
17,292,460 | Is the incidence of parametrial tumor involvement in select patients with early cervix cancer too low to justify parametrectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the incidence of parametrial involvement in a select group of patients with early cervical cancer.",
"We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with cervical cancer and a maximum tumor diameter of 2 cm, infiltration depth<10 mm and negative pelvic lymph nodes who underw... | Because of a very low risk on parametrial involvement, patients who fulfil strict selection criteria could be candidates for conization and pelvic lymphadenectomy instead of more extensive surgery. Morbidity and pregnancy complications may decrease while it is unlikely that survival will be compromised. | yes |
17,299,074 | Is retinol-binding protein 4 associated with insulin resistance and body fat distribution in nonobese subjects without type 2 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipose tissue is responsible for releasing various adipokines that have been related to insulin resistance. Understanding the relationship of these adipokines to insulin resistance may foster the development of new treatments for diabetes.",
"The primary objective of this study was to determ... | These findings indicate a relationship between RBP4, insulin sensitivity, and percent trunk fat in individuals who may not have features of insulin resistance. | yes |
17,277,641 | Are myofascial trigger points very prevalent in patients with chronic tension-type headache : a double-blinded controlled study? | {
"contexts": [
"Myofascial pain syndromes due to trigger points (TrPs) are clinical entities, but more evidence is needed to evaluate TrP palpation. Chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) is the most prevalent chronic headache with high socioeconomic costs. The primary aim was to study whether TrP palpation can di... | These findings suggest that active TrPs are much more frequent in CTTH than in controls and the number and pain intensity of TrPs may be used to distinguish between the 2 groups. Spontaneous electromyographic activity could not be demonstrated, and the underlying biology of TrPs is still unclear. | yes |
17,272,612 | Does systolic blood pressure in childhood predict hypertension and metabolic syndrome later in life? | {
"contexts": [
"The goal was to link hypertension and the metabolic syndrome in adulthood directly to blood pressures measured decades earlier for the same individuals as children and to establish criterion values for blood pressure that predict hypertension and the metabolic syndrome later in life.",
"We an... | Children with systolic blood pressures above the criterion values established in this longitudinal study are at increased risk of hypertension and the metabolic syndrome later in life. | yes |
17,272,619 | Are both extremes of arterial carbon dioxide pressure and the magnitude of fluctuations in arterial carbon dioxide pressure associated with severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The goal was to test the hypothesis that extremes of PaCO2 during the first 4 days after birth are associated with severe intraventricular hemorrhage (grades 3 and 4).",
"A single-center retrospective review of clinical and blood gas data in the first 4 postnatal days for 849 infants with bir... | Both extremes and fluctuations of PaCO2 are associated with severe intraventricular hemorrhage. It may be prudent to avoid extreme hypocapnia and hypercapnia during the period of risk for intraventricular hemorrhage. | yes |
17,295,133 | Do immunohistochemical observation of amniotic membrane patching on a corneal alkali burn in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate by immunohistochemical observation the effects of amniotic membrane (AM) patching on myofibroblastic differentiation and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in the corneal stroma after an alkali burn in vivo.",
"A corneal alkali burn was made by placing a circular piece o... | AM patching suppressed myofibroblastic differentiation and MMP expression in the stroma after an alkali burn. An inhibition gradient suggests that AM may release unknown soluble factors possessing some antiscarring capability. | yes |
17,275,800 | Do traces of copper ions deplete glutathione in human hepatoma cell cultures with low cysteine content? | {
"contexts": [
"Cell death induced by intracellular glutathione depletion has been reported to be dependent on the presence of trace amounts of extracellular copper ions. Since little is known about the relationship between glutathione depletion and copper homeostasis, we have in the present study further invest... | Glutathione synthesis in hepatoma cell cultures is probably more sensitive to a low cysteine level than HeLa cell cultures, and the presence of copper ions further decreases the availability of cysteine probably by increasing the disulfide binding to cysteine residues in extracellular proteins, which causes a further d... | yes |
17,275,076 | Is absence of Bcl-xL down-regulation in response to cisplatin associated with chemoresistance in ovarian carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recurrence and subsequent acquired chemoresistance to platinum-based treatments constitute major hurdles to ovarian carcinoma therapy. Our objective was to examine the involvement of Bcl-xL anti-apoptotic protein in resistance to cisplatin.",
"We described the effect of cisplatin on cell cycl... | This work thus provides one more argument to put Bcl-xL forward as a pertinent target of inhibition to overcome chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. | yes |
17,277,648 | Does fear of pain influence outcomes after exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness at the shoulder? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated whether anxiety, fear of pain, or pain catastrophizing were predictive of pain-related outcomes after induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) at the shoulder.",
"Healthy participants (19 males and 23 females) were eligible for participation if they had (a) no hist... | With the exception of muscle force production, fear of pain had a consistent influence on shoulder DOMS outcomes, even after controlling for pain intensity. This study suggests fear of pain may be a relevant psychologic factor to consider in clinical studies investigating the development and treatment of chronic should... | yes |
17,290,028 | Does speed of tPA-induced clot lysis predict DWI lesion evolution in acute stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to evaluate the impact of the speed of recanalization on the evolution of diffusion- weighted imaging (DWI) lesions and outcome in stroke patients treated with tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA).",
"We evaluated 113 consecutive stroke patients with a middle cerebral artery occl... | The speed of tPA-induced clot lysis predicts DWI lesion evolution and clinical outcome. Unlike sudden and stepwise patterns, slow recanalization is associated with greater DWI lesion growth and poorer short- and long-term outcomes. | yes |
17,294,140 | Does the ADP receptor P2Y ( 1 ) mediate t-PA release in pigs during cardiac ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"The endothelial ADP receptor P2Y(1) is responsible for a large part of the reactive hyperemia following cardiac ischemia. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) increases during reactive hyperemia. We postulated that the release of t-PA during reactive hyperemia could be mitigated through blocking t... | Intra coronary administered MRS2179, a selective P2Y(1) receptor blocker, significantly reduces the increased levels of t-PA caused by both 2-MeSADP and cardiac ischemia in coronary arteries. Thus, ADP acting on the endothelial P2Y(1) receptor may mediate release of t-PA during ischemia and post-ischemic hyperemia, an ... | yes |
17,280,620 | Does cT60 genotype affect CTLA-4 isoform expression despite association to T1D and AITD in northern Sweden? | {
"contexts": [
"Polymorphisms in and around the CTLA-4 gene have previously been associated to T1D and AITD in several populations. One such single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), CT60, has been reported to affect the expression level ratio of the soluble (sCTLA-4) to full length CTLA-4 (flCTLA-4) isoforms. The a... | Association was found between T1D/AITD and all three polymorphisms investigated. However, in contrast to previous investigations, sCTLA-4 RNA and protein expression levels did not differ based on CT60 genotype. Our results do not rule out the CT60 SNP as an important polymorphism in the development of T1D or AITD, but ... | no |
17,291,529 | Does angiotensin II type 2 receptor decrease ischemia reperfusion induced fluid leak? | {
"contexts": [
"Intravascular volume loss from ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major clinical concern. We hypothesize that angiotensin II decreases IR-mediated microvascular fluid leak via the angiotensin II type 2 receptor in a cAMP dependent manner. We therefore sought to determine hydraulic permeability... | Treatment with angiotensin II attenuated increases in hydraulic permeability because of IR by 50%. Inhibition of cAMP synthesis did not change the effect of angiotensin II on IR mediated leak, and angiotensin II type 2 receptor inhibition completely blocked the effects of angiotensin II. These results indicate that ang... | yes |
17,279,058 | Is endogenous estrogen associated with cognitive performance before , during , or after menopause? | {
"contexts": [
"In a population-based sample of women (45, 50, or 55 years old), behavioral data and blood serum were collected concurrently, enabling us (1) to investigate cognitive differences among premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal groups of women and (2) to evaluate the relationship between b... | These results do not support the hypothesis that estrogen or menopausal status affects cognitive performance in middle-aged women. | no |
17,279,055 | Is exclusion of pH artifacts essential for hypopharyngeal pH monitoring? | {
"contexts": [
"Published yields of pH monitoring for suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) vary greatly. Hypopharyngeal pH artifacts may be responsible for these inconsistencies.",
"To determine the impact of potential artifacts on pH monitoring of the hypopharynx and esophagus.",
"Patients with susp... | Patients should record all liquid swallows outside of meals. It is essential to exclude all potential artifacts for hypopharyngeal pH monitoring in patients with suspected LPR. | yes |
17,276,912 | Is intraflagellar transport protein 27 a small G protein involved in cell-cycle control? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is a motility process operating between the ciliary/flagellar (interchangeable terms) membrane and the microtubular axoneme of motile and sensory cilia. Multipolypeptide IFT particles, composed of complexes A and B, carry flagellar precursors to their assembly site ... | IFT27, a small G protein, is one of a growing number of flagellar proteins that are now known to have a role in cell-cycle control. | yes |
17,273,127 | Do characterization of overlap syndrome between primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis according to antimitochondrial antibodies status? | {
"contexts": [
"Codification of variant forms between Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) and Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) has not been definitively standardized. The aim of this study was to compare among 102 consecutive patients, 2 subsets of overlap syndrome (OS, N=21) with and without antimitochondrial antibody (A... | According to the presence of AMA, 2 homogeneous subgroups of patients with overlap syndrome between PBC and AIH may be identified. AMA status affects clinical presentation and liver disease severity of OS. | yes |
17,274,934 | Does weight of decision-making impair clinical assessment of melanocytic lesions? | {
"contexts": [
"We studied the weight of decision-making on clinical assessment of melanocytic lesions judging benign, atypical, and malignant lesions; common mistakes; and total removal rates, comparing dermatologists with nondermatologists.",
"Of 11,246 histopathology specimens, 3,768 had a clinical assess... | The accuracy of clinical assessment of melanocytic lesions is high for benign nevi, with dermatologists outperforming nondermatologists. Clinicians overestimated malignant potential. Complete removal was more frequent in suspicious lesions. Clinical decision-making impaired assessment by 5 to 9%. | yes |
17,291,393 | Is mitral valvar prolapse significantly associated with low body mass index in addition to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation? | {
"contexts": [
"An association between mitral valvar prolapse and low body mass index has been proposed. The goal of this study was to evaluate this suggested association using two independent and large databases. For comparison, we evaluated the association, if any, between bicuspid aortic valve and low body ma... | In our two independent databases, mitral valvar prolapse was independently associated with low body mass index in addition to mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. The cause of this association remains unknown. | yes |
17,270,630 | Is interleukin 6 associated with cachexia in patients with prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the relationship between serum interleukin (IL)-6 and cachexia in patients with prostate cancer.",
"Serum levels of IL-6, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, and hemoglobin concentration were determined in 164 blood samples from patients with prostate cancer. The body mass ... | These findings suggest that IL-6 may be one of the factors contributing to the complex syndrome of cachexia in patients with prostate cancer (all P <0.05). | yes |
17,268,170 | Does calcium-calmodulin mediate house dust mite-induced ERK activation and IL-8 production in human respiratory epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"House dust mites (HDM) have been shown to be important sources of indoor allergens associated with asthma and other allergic conditions. While exogenous proteases from allergens have a direct proinflammatory role in the respiratory tract, the precise mechanisms underlying the release of cytokines... | HDM-induced IL-8 production is predominantly regulated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin signaling, and ERK plays an important role in signal transmission for efficient activation of the HDM-induced IL-8 signaling pathway. | yes |
17,295,821 | Does intraoperative neurological changes in 1665 regional anaesthetic carotid endarterectomies predict postoperative stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"To maximize the benefit of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in stroke prevention its complication rate must be minimized. The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of a large series of CEA carried out under regional anaesthesia with selective shunting, with particular emphasis on identifyi... | Regional anaesthetic CEA is a safe and effective technique with excellent morbidity and mortality rates. The technique can be undertaken safely regardless of the indication for endarterectomy or the status of the contralateral carotid artery. Patients who developed intraoperative neurological changes requiring shunting... | yes |
17,277,856 | Does [ Comparison of three brands of intracardiac pacemaker lead ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Electrode lead design and materials influence their performance, stability and manipulation characteristics. In our laboratory, we use straight intracardiac, active fixation, steroid eluting leads. These features are shared by three brands of pacemaker distributors.",
"To compare the short te... | The three brands of leads tested can be successfully implanted with comparable parameters and without differences in the evolution of patients during the first three months. | yes |
17,277,851 | Do [ One year follow up of successful coronary angioplasty in non selected patients ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Re-stenosis after percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is related to clinical and angiographic features.",
"To describe the clinical and angiographic characteristic of our patients with coronary cardiopathy subjected to PTCA and the predictor factors for re-stenosis.",
"We gathered th... | Re-stenosis after angioplasty occurred in 19% of our patients with angina or coronary events. The clinical variables associated with a higher risk of re-stenosis were diabetes (the main risk factor), previous myocardial infarction, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Angiographic variables were not associated with re-ste... | yes |
17,272,326 | Does single-chamber ventricular pacing increase markers of left ventricular dysfunction compared with dual-chamber pacing? | {
"contexts": [
"Large randomized trials comparing DDD with VVI pacing have shown no differences in mortality, but conflicting evidence exists in regard to heart failure endpoints. Here we evaluated the effect of pacing mode on serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and amino-terminal-proBNP (NT-proBNP).... | Patients can differentiate between DDD(R)/VDD and VVI(R) pacing, and prefer the former. Compared with DDD(R)/VDD pacing, VVI(R) stimulation induces a two- to three-fold increase in serum BNP and NT-proBNP levels. | yes |
17,270,048 | Does a screen for nuclear transcripts identify two linked noncoding RNAs associated with SC35 splicing domains? | {
"contexts": [
"Noncoding RNA species play a diverse set of roles in the eukaryotic cell. While much recent attention has focused on smaller RNA species, larger noncoding transcripts are also thought to be highly abundant in mammalian cells. To search for large noncoding RNAs that might control gene expression o... | Our genome-wide screens in two mammalian species reveal no more than three abundant large non-coding polyadenylated RNAs in the nucleus; the canonical large noncoding RNA XIST and NEAT1 and NEAT2. The function of these noncoding RNAs in mRNA metabolism is suggested by their high levels of conservation and their intimat... | yes |
17,277,337 | Is elevation of plasma D-dimer closely associated with venous thrombosis produced by double-lumen catheter in pre-dialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"A double-lumen catheter (DLC) is used as a temporary blood access in emergency haemodialysis and continuous haemodialysis. There are various reports concerning thrombosis related to use of DLC and other catheters. The objective of this study is to assess the incidence of venous thrombosis when us... | The study suggests that changes in plasma D-dimer after the insertion of the catheter may be used to predict thrombus formation and is more accurate than baseline measurements, and easier than other new markers. | yes |
17,292,535 | Is cadherin-11 expressed in detrusor smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts of normal human bladder? | {
"contexts": [
"It has recently been found that detrusor smooth muscle cells and myofibroblasts are coupled via gap junctions. However, gap junctions cannot account for strong physical interaction between cells, which has prompted the search for intercellular adhesion molecules. Cadherin-11 is a candidate for su... | To our knowledge this is the first time evidence has been provided for cadherin-mediated smooth muscle and suburothelial myofibroblast cell-cell interaction in the human bladder. Cadherin-11 most probably plays an important role in the intercellular physical coupling of detrusor smooth muscle cells and also of myofibro... | yes |
17,296,163 | Is plasminogen activation by fibroblasts from periodontal ligament and gingiva directly affected by chemokines in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic inflammation in periodontal disease is associated with increased plasminogen activation and elevated levels of chemokines. It is unknown whether chemokines can regulate the activation of plasminogen via modulation of plasminogen activators (PA) and the corresponding plasminogen activator ... | These results suggest that plasminogen activation by PDL and GF is not directly affected by the chemokines even in the presence of the inflammatory mediators TGF-beta and IL-1. | no |
17,268,797 | Does endoplasmic reticulum stress contribute to beta cell apoptosis in type 2 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased lipid supply causes beta cell death, which may contribute to reduced beta cell mass in type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is necessary for lipid-induced apoptosis in beta cells and also whether ER stress is present in islets of an animal model of ... | Our results provide evidence that ER stress occurs in type 2 diabetes and is required for aspects of the underlying beta cell failure. | yes |
17,299,063 | Are mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein gene highly prevalent among subjects with sporadic pituitary adenomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Limited screening suggests that three germline mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) gene are not involved in sporadic pituitary tumorigenesis. Multiple novel mutations of this gene have since been identified in familial isolated pituitary adenoma cohorts.",
"Th... | AIP mutations do not appear to play a prominent role in sporadic pituitary tumorigenesis in this population of European subjects. | no |
17,299,060 | Does micro-Opioid receptor activation prevent acute hepatic inflammation and cell death? | {
"contexts": [
"The detrimental impact of opioid agonist on the clinical management of inflammatory diseases remains elusive. Given the anti-inflammatory properties of the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists at the intestinal barrier, we hypothesised that MOR activation might also dampen acute hepatic inflammation... | The results indicate that MOR agonists may prevent acute hepatitis and hold promising therapeutic use to maintain remission in both chronic inflammatory bowel and liver diseases. | yes |
17,299,066 | Does the parathyroid/pituitary variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 usually have causes other than p27Kip1 mutations? | {
"contexts": [
"One variant of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is defined by sporadic tumors of both the parathyroids and pituitary. The prevalence of identified MEN1 mutations in this variant is lower than in familial MEN1 (7% vs. 90%), suggesting different causes. Recently, one case of this variant ... | The MEN1 variant with sporadic parathyroid tumors, sporadic pituitary tumor, and no identified MEN1 mutation is usually not caused by p27 germline mutations. It is usually caused by as yet unknown process(es). | yes |
17,272,623 | Is persistent diastolic flow reversal in abdominal aortic Doppler-flow profiles associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Diastolic runoff in the abdominal aorta, with subsequent circulatory mesenteric insufficiency, has been postulated as a cause of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease. With this study we sought to determine whether Doppler-flow characteristics in the abdominal ao... | Persistent diastolic flow reversal in the abdominal aortic Doppler profile is associated with an increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in term infants with congenital heart disease irrespective of gestational age or anatomic type of congenital heart disease. | yes |
17,272,622 | Are reduced time in bed and obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in children associated with cognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine if reduced time in bed as well as the degree of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing predicted the risk of impaired cognitive function in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy suspected of having obstructive sleep-disordered breathing.",
"We stu... | Short or variable time in bed and nightly snoring or higher apnea hypopnea index predicted impaired vocabulary and similarities scores in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy suspected of having obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. The degree of cognitive impairment attributable to short time in bed and obstruct... | yes |
17,272,621 | Does neonatal intensive care unit census influence discharge of moderately preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The timely discharge of moderately premature infants has important economic implications. The decision to discharge should occur independent of unit census. We evaluated the impact of unit census on the decision to discharge moderately preterm infants.",
"In a prospective multicenter cohort s... | Discharges are closely correlated with unit census. Providers incorporate demand and case mix into their discharge decisions. | yes |
17,293,165 | Does pregabalin reduce muscle and cutaneous hyperalgesia in two models of chronic muscle pain in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Pregabalin is used for treatment of neuropathic pain conditions. The present study evaluated effects of pregabalin in 2 rat models of muscle-induced hyperalgesia: Inflammatory and noninflammatory. Muscle hyperalgesia (withdrawal threshold to compression of the muscle) and cutaneous hyperalgesia o... | This study shows that pregabalin reduces both cutaneous and muscle hyperalgesia in inflammatory and noninflammatory models of muscle pain. Thus, pregabalin may be an effective treatment for people with chronic muscle pain. | yes |
17,297,554 | Is telomerase activity a prognostic factor for recurrence and survival in rectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to determine whether telomerase activity measured in samples of tumoral tissue, transitional mucosa, and normal mucosa from patients with sporadic colorectal cancer is a prognostic factor for recurrence and overall survival.",
"Telomerase activity was determined by flu... | Measurement of telomerase activity has a diagnostic value in colorectal patients. In rectal cancer, telomerase index is an independent prognostic factor for disease progression. A telomerase index</=0.85 and negative nodes can be used to predict disease progression. | yes |
17,272,997 | Does autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis correlate with fatigue severity? | {
"contexts": [
"Autonomic dysfunction has previously been described in primary biliary cirrhosis patients. In nonhepatic diseases, fatigue is associated with autonomic dysfunction and impaired baroreflex sensitivity. Here, we investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysfunction using highly sensitive detection mo... | The prevalence of autonomic dysfunction in primary biliary cirrhosis patients is significantly higher than has previously been thought to be the case. Indeed, when sensitive detection modalities are used, it is found to be almost universal at all stages of the disease process. Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis is as... | yes |
17,279,434 | Do internal medicine residents accurately assess their medical knowledge? | {
"contexts": [
"Medical knowledge is essential for appropriate patient care; however, the accuracy of internal medicine (IM) residents' assessment of their medical knowledge is unknown.",
"IM residents predicted their overall percentile performance 1 week (on average) before and after taking the in-training ... | IM residents did not accurately predict their own level of medical knowledge. Taking the examination and experience with previous exams does not appear to improve the ability of these IM residents to predict their performance. Residents need to be taught to rely on the results of standardized examinations such as the I... | no |
17,268,888 | Does the hypoxia-inducible factor HIF-1 promote intramyocardial expression of VEGF in infants with congenital cardiac defects? | {
"contexts": [
"The response to hypoxia is primarily mediated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) which leads to the induction of a variety of adaptive gene products including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). This study was designe... | These findings show that chronic hypoxemia is associated with the induction and stabilization of the transcription factor HIF-1 as well as its target genes VEGF and eNOS in the myocardium of infants with cyanotic cardiac defects. Thus, stabilization of HIF-1 and induction of the adaptive hypoxia response could particul... | yes |
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