pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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15,371,041 | Does the role of video technology in on-line lecture for the deaf? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this paper is to determine the effectiveness of web-based video lectures on demand for the deaf in comparison to the traditional method of teaching using a sign language interpreter. The web-based lectures presented are specifically designed for the deaf in education and in rehabil... | We can conclude that for deaf people it is extremely important to introduce the use of information and communications technology on all levels of education and rehabilitation. This increases their ability to learn and improves their understanding of learning materials, especially if the applications are designed specif... | yes |
15,387,975 | Are [ Interferon-inducible genes lymphocyte antigen 6 complex E and tetratricopeptide repeats 1 correlated with clinical features of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the expression levels of lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E (LY6E) and interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (IFIT1) genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to evaluate the relations b... | As IFN-induced genes, elevated expression of LY6E mRNA is specific to diagnosis of SLE. The real time expression levels of LY6E and IFIT1 genes are associated with SLE disease activity. To inhibit the expression of LY6E and IFIT1 may become a novel therapeutic approach for SLE. | yes |
15,385,126 | Is timing n't everything : an analysis of when to start salvage chemotherapy in ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Results from GOG 178 showed a prolongation of progression-free survival (PFS) with the immediate use of chemotherapy (CT) following a complete clinical response (CR) in patients with stage III-IV ovarian cancer. We wanted to evaluate our strategy of reserving second line (2nd line) chemotherapy t... | Nearly 70% of pts achieving a CR after primary therapy eventually recurred. Most recurrences occurred greater than 6 months from completion of primary chemotherapy, and the use of second line agents at the time of recurrence was effective. In this study, the median time from CR to start of third line agent at 43 months... | yes |
15,385,128 | Is tGF-beta signaling disrupted in endometrioid-type endometrial carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have demonstrated deregulation of the expression and changes in the intracellular distribution of TGF-beta pathway components in human endometrial cancer (EC). The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the expression of TGF-beta cascade components, including TG... | Our data suggest that disturbances of the TGF beta RII and SMAD4 expression as well as localization of SMADs may be important to the infiltration of the myometrial wall by the type I endometrial carcinomas. | yes |
15,381,386 | Are prothrombotic responses to exercise little influenced by clopidogrel treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is involved in shear-induced platelet activation, which may be important for platelet responses to stress. We therefore tested the hypothesis that ADP receptor antagonism by clopidogrel treatment would attenuate exercise-induced platelet activation.",
"Fifteen heal... | Clopidogrel treatment attenuates platelet activity in vivo at rest, but exercise counteracts the platelet stabilizing effects of clopidogrel. The hypothesis that ADP is involved in stress-induced platelet activation was not supported. | yes |
15,376,207 | Does continuous infusion of N-acetylcysteine reduce liver warm ischaemia-reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"N-acetylcysteine (NAC) may modulate the initial phase (less than 2 h) of liver warm ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury but its effect on the late phase remains unclear. The present study investigated the role of NAC during the early and late phases in a rabbit lobar IR model.",
"Liver ischaemi... | The main protective effect of NAC becomes apparent 5 h after hepatic ischaemic injury. | yes |
15,385,057 | Is the pattern of methacholine responsiveness in mice dependent on antigen challenge dose? | {
"contexts": [
"Considerable variation exists in the protocols used to induce hyperresponsiveness in murine models of allergic sensitisation. We examined the effect of varying the number of antigen exposures at challenge on the development of methacholine responsiveness in systemically sensitised mice.",
"BA... | The pattern of eosinophilia, IgE and MCh responsiveness in mice was determined by antigen dose at challenge. In this study, increased sensitivity to MCh was confined to the airways whereas increases in maximal responses occurred in both the airway and parenchymal compartments. The presence of eosinophilia and IgE did n... | yes |
15,385,054 | Does the vaa locus of Mycoplasma hominis contain a divergent genetic islet encoding a putative membrane protein? | {
"contexts": [
"The Mycoplasma hominis vaa gene encodes a highly variable, surface antigen involved in the adhesion to host cells. We have analysed the structure of the vaa locus to elucidate the genetic basis for variation of vaa.",
"Mapping of vaa on existing physical maps of five M. hominis isolates by pu... | Our data demonstrate that the vaa locus contains a divergent genetic islet, and indicate pronounced intraspecies recombination. The high variability level of the locus indicate that it is a chromosomal 'hot spot', presumably important for sustaining diversity and a high adaptation potential of M. hominis. | yes |
15,371,665 | Is regulation of skin and islet allograft survival in mice treated with costimulation blockade mediated by different CD4+ cell subsets and different mechanisms? | {
"contexts": [
"Donor-specific transfusion (DST) and a brief course of anti-CD154 monoclonal antibody (mAb) induces permanent islet and prolonged skin allograft survival in mice. Induction of skin allograft survival requires the presence of CD4 cells and deletion of alloreactive CD8 cells. The specific roles of ... | These data document that (1) both CD4CD25 and CD4CD25 cells are required for induction of skin allograft survival, (2) CD4CD25 T cells are not required for alloreactive CD8 T cell deletion, and (3) CD4CD25 regulatory cells are not critical for islet allograft tolerance. It appears that skin and islet transplantation to... | yes |
15,377,581 | Does fast-tracking ( bypassing the PACU ) reduce nursing workload after ambulatory surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Postoperative day-case patients are usually allowed to recover from anaesthesia in a postanaesthesia care unit (PACU) before transfer back to the day surgical unit (DSU). Bypassing the PACU can decrease recovery time after day surgery. Cost savings may result from a reduced nursing workload assoc... | Bypassing the PACU after these short outpatient procedures significantly decreases recovery time without compromising patient satisfaction. However, the overall nursing workload and the associated cost were not significantly affected. | no |
15,387,489 | Does magnesium decrease cardiac injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"The calcium-channel blocking effect of magnesium might have protective effects in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. We assessed the effects of magnesium on hearts undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery with intermittent warm blood hyperkalemic cardioplegia in the antegrade fa... | Our study indicates that if magnesium is added to intermittent antegrade warm blood hyperkalemic cardioplegia, blood levels of many markers of cardiac myocardial injury after cardiopulmonary bypass are lowered. This finding may have implications for myocardial protection. | yes |
15,377,820 | Do uremic toxins adsorbed by AST-120 promote tubular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in nephrectomized rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Uremic toxins have been shown to promote glomerular hypertrophy. The present study was performed to elucidate the relation between uremic toxins and tubulointerstitial changes.",
"Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 2/3 nephrectomy (Nx; n = 30) and 4/5 Nx (n = 30). Experiments were initi... | Administration of AST-120 minimized the appearance of proximal tubular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis, and subsequently prevented the occurrence of proteinuria and decreased renal function. The present study indicates that uremic toxins adsorbed by AST-120 promote tubular hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in... | yes |
15,364,681 | Is migraine associated with magnetic resonance imaging white matter abnormalities : a meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"There is controversy as to whether migraine is associated with white matter abnormalities (WMAs) on magnetic resonance images. These abnormalities may be important as a risk factor for future stroke. Further, it is controversial whether any increased risk of WMAs is attributable to comorbidities ... | This meta-analysis demonstrates that subjects with migraine are at higher risk of having WMAs on magnetic resonance images than those without migraine. This increased risk is present even in younger individuals who do not have co-occurring cerebrovascular disease risk factors. Prospective studies are needed to determin... | yes |
15,375,651 | Is modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction time and nitric oxide dependent in a peritonitis model of sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"This study assessed modulation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in isolated perfused rat lungs during sepsis induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) at different times and its relationship to nitric oxide synthases (NOS).",
"Prospective controlled trial in a university rese... | In the CLP sepsis model modulation of HPV was time-dependent. In addition, vasoconstriction to hypoxic stimuli was dependent on NOS activity. | yes |
15,369,734 | Does methylene chloride fraction of Scutellaria barbata induce apoptosis in human U937 leukemia cells via the mitochondrial signaling pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Scutellaria barbata D.Don has been applied to treat cancers, inflammation and urinary disease. However, its antitumor mechanism still remains unclear.",
"With methylene chloride fraction of Herba Scutellariae barbatae (MCSB), apoptosis-related experiments were carried out on human U937 leukem... | Our results suggest that MCSB can induce apoptosis via the mitochondria-mediated signaling pathway. | yes |
15,375,302 | Does endotoxin preconditioning prevent cellular inflammatory response during ischemic neuroprotection in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Tolerance to ischemic brain injury is induced by several preconditioning stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A small dose of LPS given systemically confers ischemic protection in the brain, a process that appears to involve activation of an inflammatory response before ischemia. We postu... | LPS preconditioning induces neuroprotection against ischemic brain injury in a mouse model of stroke. LPS preconditioning suppresses the cellular inflammatory response to ischemia in the brain and circulation. Diminished activation of cellular inflammatory responses that ordinarily exacerbate ischemic injury may contri... | yes |
15,377,698 | Is hippocampal and prefrontal atrophy in patients with early non-demented Parkinson 's disease related to cognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"Early stage patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) show cognitive impairment in frontal lobe functions and memory tests. Hippocampal atrophy is seen in medicated patients with advanced PD.",
"To examine whether prefrontal or hippocampal atrophy are already present in early stage PD, and wheth... | Non-medicated, non-demented patients with early stage PD show hippocampal and prefrontal atrophy. Impaired memory is related to hippocampal atrophy, whereas sustained attention is related to prefrontal atrophy. | yes |
15,373,757 | Does oxytocin modulate nitric oxide generation by human fetal membranes at term pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitric oxide (NO), an important mediator of the inflammatory response, is involved in several reproductive processes including pregnancy and labor. Uterus, placenta and fetal membranes are significant sources of NO. Presently, there is no information on factors regulating NO production by fetal m... | Oxytocin exerts an overall stimulatory effect on NO release by fetal membranes. This action might be of relevance in the biomolecular processes leading to parturition. | yes |
15,364,864 | Is cytomegalovirus infection in heart transplant recipients associated with impaired endothelial function? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is initiated by allograft endothelial injury. We hypothesized that a major mechanism by which cytomegalovirus (CMV) could contribute to CAV is by dysregulation of the endothelial vasomotor response.",
"Coronary endothelial vasomotor function was determined... | Documented CMV infection episodes in heart transplant recipients are associated with impaired coronary endothelial function. CMV-negative recipients of CMV-positive donor hearts have an impaired distal epicardial endothelial function and an increased incidence of cardiovascular-related events and death during follow-up... | yes |
15,386,739 | Does purification of polyethylenimine polyplexes highlight the role of free polycations in gene transfer? | {
"contexts": [
"Nonviral vectors based on polyethylenimine (PEI) usually contain an excess of PEI that is not complexed to DNA. Since unbound PEI contributes to cellular and systemic toxicity, purification of polyplexes from unbound PEI is desirable.",
"Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was used to purify ... | This study presents an efficient method to remove free PEI from PEI polyplexes by SEC. Our results from transfection experiments demonstrate that free PEI substantially contributes to efficient gene expression but also mediates toxic effects in a dose-dependent manner. Purified polyplexes without free PEI have to be ap... | yes |
15,372,390 | Are intrathecal mepivacaine and prilocaine less neurotoxic than lidocaine in a rat intrathecal model? | {
"contexts": [
"Histologic evidence of the comparative neurotoxicity of lidocaine, mepivacaine, and prilocaine is incomplete. We compared the intrathecal neurotoxicity in rats among these 3 drugs based on morphologic and neurofunctional findings.",
"Rats (n=169) randomly received 0.12 microL/g of 0%, 2%, 5%,... | It is suggested that intrathecal mepivacaine and prilocaine are less neurotoxic than highly concentrated lidocaine in a rat intrathecal model. | yes |
15,386,806 | Does rosiglitazone combined with insulin preserve islet beta cell function in adult-onset latent autoimmune diabetes ( LADA )? | {
"contexts": [
"LADA is thought to result from the chronic autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. In addition to antidiabetic effects, the newly developed insulin sensitizer-thiazolidinediones have the potential to increase the insulin content of islet cells by downregulating loca... | This pilot study suggests that rosiglitazone combined with insulin may preserve islet beta cell function in LADA patients. | yes |
15,383,387 | Do professionalism deficiencies in a first-quarter doctor-patient relationship course predict poor clinical performance in medical school? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether four types of professionalism deficiencies in medical students identified during a first-year course on doctor-patient relationships might predict poor performance in third-year clerkships.",
"Preceptors identified students who had deficienci... | Professionalism deficiencies that result in the inability of the student to establish patient rapport are detectable early and predict problems in future clinical performance. | yes |
15,387,942 | Is [ A de nono I462S mutation in the KRT6A gene associated with pachyonychia congenita type I ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyze the KRT6A gene mutation and mutating patterns in a sporadic Chinese patient with Pachyonychia congenita (PC)-1 so as to provide a basis for gene diagnosis and genetic counseling of this disorder.",
"Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood by standard methods from a female patien... | A de novo missense mutation in the KRT6A gene, I462S, has been found in a sporadic PC-1 patient. The identification of this novel mutation in the KRT6A gene provides further evidence that mutation in the KRT6A gene causes PC-1 phenotype. | yes |
15,389,358 | Does general anesthesia affect the serum complexed and free prostate specific antigen levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is a widely used serum marker for diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. Although not well-defined, liver appears to be the most likely site of PSA metabolism. However, general anaesthesia usually changes hepatic blood flow, therefore it may affec... | Anaesthesia does not affect PSA levels alone. However, hospitalisation decreases total and free PSA levels, although it does not have an affect on free to total PSA ratio. | no |
15,367,824 | Does intrapericardial ibutilide administration fail to terminate pacing-induced sustained atrial fibrillation in dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"The hypothesis that intrapericardial (ip.) ibutilide administration would terminate pacing-induced sustained atrial fibrillation (AF) and ibutilide distribution were tested.",
"Sustained (> or =24 hours) AF was induced by 59 +/- 20 day rapid atrial pacing in 19 dogs. After sustained AF was pr... | Despite a significant atrial electrophysiological effect, ip. delivery of ibutilide did not result in higher AF termination rate compared with control. | yes |
15,380,915 | Does inflammation rather than nutritional depletion determine glutamine concentrations and intestinal permeability? | {
"contexts": [
"Nutritional depletion has been correlated with low plasma and mucosal glutamine concentrations and with increased intestinal permeability. Since nutritional depletion often is associated with (chronic) inflammatory stress, this study was designed to establish the influence of depletion and inflam... | The presence of inflammation significantly affects glutamine concentrations and gut permeability, in contrast to the presence of depletion of body cell mass per se. On the other hand, villus morphology is not influenced by changes in systemic inflammatory activity whereas nutritional status possibly does affect villus ... | yes |
15,380,914 | Does allicin inhibit spontaneous and TNF-alpha induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines from intestinal epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Allicin, the active substance of fresh crushed garlic has different biological activities and was implicated as an anti-inflammatory agent. Epithelial cells have an important role in intestinal inflammation. The aim of this study was to assess the immunomodulatory effect of allicin on intestinal ... | These observations indicate that allicin exerts an inhibitory immunomodulatory effect on intestinal epithelial cells and suggest that allicin may have the potential to attenuate intestinal inflammation. | yes |
15,377,465 | Do genes transcriptionally modulated by interferon alpha2a correlate with the cytokine activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Interferon alpha2a (IFNalpha2a) mediates important antiviral, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory responses and is employed in the treatment of human diseases, including chronic myelogenous leukemia. Here, we report the IFNalpha2a-dependent expression profiles of three malignant cell lines der... | The observed changes induced by IFNalpha2a could be related to the development of autoimmune syndromes observed during IFNalpha2a treatment. A number of genes transcriptionally regulated by the cytokine have been identified for the first time; these might represent additional effectors of IFNalpha2a activity. | yes |
15,369,748 | Do markers of bone remodeling predict rate of bone loss in multiple sclerosis patients treated with low dose glucocorticoids? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of markers of bone remodeling in assessment of rate of bone loss in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) long term treated with low dose glucocorticoids.",
"The study involved 70 patients with MS. Motor function of the patients was eva... | In physically active patients with MS treated with low-dose GC, the bone-turnover markers were not different from controls. Patients having plasma CTX but markers of bone formation higher as compared to controls were confirmed 2 years later as bone losers. | yes |
15,365,300 | Is ethanol operant self-administration in rats regulated by adenosine A2 receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent findings suggest that adenosine is involved in the neural and behavioral effects of ethanol (EtOH). Studies in neural cell culture show that EtOH, via activation of adenosine A2 receptors, triggers cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling and CRE (cAMP regulator... | In support of our hypothesis, the A2 antagonist DMPX attenuated EtOH self-administration. Low doses of the A2 antagonist enhanced EtOH drinking, consistent with the possibility that rats increase EtOH self-administration to overcome partial A2 blockade. The D2 antagonist eticlopride also decreased EtOH self-administrat... | yes |
15,365,302 | Does peripheral and central administration of a selective neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor antagonist suppress ethanol intake by C57BL/6J mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid neuromodulator that is expressed throughout the central nervous system. Recent genetic and pharmacological evidence suggests that the NPY Y1 receptor modulates ethanol intake. To further characterize the role of the Y1 receptor, we examined voluntary ethano... | These data indicate that acute blockade of the NPY Y1 receptor with a systemically bioavailable NPY Y1RA reduces voluntary ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice. These results are consistent with observations that hypothalamic infusion of NPY increases ethanol drinking by rats. | yes |
15,386,811 | Does triglyceride predict cardiovascular mortality and its relationship with glycaemia and obesity in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the lipid profile in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients and their relationship with anthropometric parameters, glycaemic control and cardiovascular mortality.",
"A consecutive cohort of 562 newly referred patients with type 2 diabetes to a hospital-based diabetes centre were examined... | Chinese type 2 diabetic patients had a lower prevalence of obesity, lower TG and higher HDL-C than Caucasian patients. Despite the low incidence of cardiovascular death, TG, which was closely associated with obesity indexes, was significantly associated with cardiovascular death in these patients. | yes |
15,386,814 | Does calcium dobesilate attenuate vascular injury and the progression of diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a highly specific vascular complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Calcium dobesilate (DOBE) has been tested in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy showing a slowdown of the progression of the disease after long-term oral treatment. The aim of this stud... | We showed that long-term treatment with DOBE attenuated the progression of diabetic retinopathy and the alterations in vascular reactivity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. | yes |
15,375,303 | Does glutamate receptor blockade attenuate glucose hypermetabolism in perihematomal brain after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracerebral hemorrhage has no effective treatment. The delayed appearance of edema, apoptosis, and inflammation in perihematomal brain suggests that these events may be targets for therapeutic intervention. To develop successful treatments, we must learn more about the effects of hemorrhage on ... | The data imply that glutamate activation of NMDA or AMPA receptors increases glucose metabolism in perihematomal brain at early times after intracerebral hemorrhage. This may provide a possible target for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage. | yes |
15,364,808 | Does pharmacological stabilization of mast cells abrogate late thrombotic events induced by diesel exhaust particles in hamsters? | {
"contexts": [
"Particulate air pollution is associated with cardiovascular diseases and myocardial infarction (MI).",
"We investigated the relationship between airway inflammation and thrombosis 24 hours after intratracheal (IT) instillation of diesel exhaust particles (DEP; 50 microg/hamster). Mild thrombo... | Our results are compatible with the triggering of mast cell degranulation and histamine release by DEP. Histamine plays an initial central role in airway inflammation, further release of histamine by circulating basophils, and peripheral thrombotic events. Antiinflammatory pretreatment can abrogate the peripheral throm... | yes |
15,378,495 | Does local lymph node involvement predict poor outcome in pediatric renal cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Local lymph node involvement in adults with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with poor outcome. The prognostic significance of local lymph node involvement in children with RCC has not been studied systematically.",
"A retrospective review of patients treated at St Jude Children's Res... | Children with lymph node-positive RCC in the absence of distant metastatic disease had a relatively favorable long-term prognosis, with survival rate nearly triple those of adult historical controls. Until highly effective therapies for RCC are identified, these children should not be exposed to adjuvant treatment. Fur... | no |
15,364,837 | Are statins associated with a reduced incidence of perioperative mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Statin therapy in nonsurgical patient populations is associated with a significant reduction in adverse cardiovascular events, including death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Recently, statin therapy was shown to be associated with a reduced incidence of postoperative mortality in patien... | Preoperative statin therapy may reduce the risk of early mortality after primary CABG surgery with CPB. | yes |
15,380,903 | Does virgin olive oil reduce blood pressure in hypertensive elderly subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease. Recent studies have pointed out the possibility that virgin olive oil (VOO) may lower blood pressure in hypertensive (HT) subjects. However, until the date there is scarce information regarding elderly people. The ... | Dietary VOO proved to be helpful in reducing the systolic pressure of treated HT elderly subjects. However, a greater resistance to the lowering effect of VOO of total and LDL-cholesterol and a greater susceptibility to TG oxidation was detected in these patients. | yes |
15,365,131 | Are plasma levels of amyloid beta-protein 42 increased in women with mild cognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"Accumulation in the brain of small aggregates of amyloid beta-protein 42 (Abeta42) is the major pathogenic event of Alzheimer disease (AD). In familial early-onset AD this event is likely the result of Abeta42 overproduction; in the most common sporadic late-onset form of the disease the mechanis... | The elevation of Abeta42 plasma levels in women with MCI may represent a biologic explanation for the sex-dependent increased incidence of late-onset AD in women identified by epidemiologic studies. | yes |
15,377,474 | Is the VAD-DCEP sequence an effective pre-transplant therapy in untreated multiple myeloma? | {
"contexts": [
"Standard treatment for patients with multiple myeloma is debulking chemotherapy with non-alkylating agents followed by a regimen to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) and the transplantation of the mobilized, autologous PBSC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a new re... | the VAD-DCEP sequence has an adequate mobilizing capacity, without significant toxicity, and a good anti-myeloma activity, and therefore represents a safe and effective therapeutic approach for multiple myeloma patients at the onset of their disease. | yes |
15,370,971 | Does pharmacological inhibition of DNA repair enzymes differentially modulate telomerase activity and apoptosis in two human leukaemia cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of wortmannin and 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) on telomerase activity and apoptosis in two human leukaemia cells.",
"MOLT-4 (p53-wild type) and KG1a (p53-null) cells were irradiated with gamma-rays (3 Gy at 1.57 Gy min(-1)) and the effects of wortmannin and 3-AB were eval... | 3-AB inhibits the radiation-associated telomerase activity increase and enhances apoptosis in MOLT-4 and KG1a cells. Wortmannin, which also inhibits the radiation-associated telomerase activity increase in both cell lines, does not modify radiation-induced apoptosis in KG1a cells. DNA repair enzymes might be selective ... | yes |
15,369,599 | Do nestin-positive mesenchymal stem cells favour the astroglial lineage in neural progenitors and stem cells by releasing active BMP4? | {
"contexts": [
"Spontaneous repair is limited after CNS injury or degeneration because neurogenesis and axonal regrowth rarely occur in the adult brain. As a result, cell transplantation has raised much interest as potential treatment for patients with CNS lesions. Several types of cells have been considered as ... | When thinking carefully about mesenchymal stem cells as candidates for cellular therapy in neurological diseases, their effects on resident neural cell fate have to be considered. | yes |
15,369,590 | Does delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC ) inhibit lytic replication of gamma oncogenic herpesviruses in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"The major psychoactive cannabinoid compound of marijuana, delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), has been shown to modulate immune responses and lymphocyte function. After primary infection the viral DNA genome of gamma herpesviruses persists in lymphoid cell nuclei in a latent episomal circular for... | THC specifically targets viral and/or cellular mechanisms required for replication and possibly shared by these gamma herpesviruses, and the endocannabinoid system is possibly involved in regulating gamma herpesvirus latency and lytic replication. The immediate early gene ORF 50 promoter activity was specifically inhib... | yes |
15,367,503 | Does cholinergic stimulation with pyridostigmine protect against exercise induced myocardial ischaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the acute effects of pyridostigmine bromide, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, during exercise in patients with coronary artery disease.",
"Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, crossover study.",
"Outpatients evaluated in an exercise test laboratory.",
"15 p... | Pyridostigmine improved peak exercise tolerance and inhibited the chronotropic response to submaximum exercise, increasing the intensity at which myocardial ischaemia occurred. These results suggest that pyridostigmine can protect against exercise induced myocardial ischaemia. | yes |
15,372,201 | Does diosgenin induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human leukemia K562 cells with the disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin with estrogenic and antitumor properties. In order to elucidate the mechanism of its antiproliferative activity, we investigated its effects on the cell cycle and apoptosis in human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cells.",
"Cell viability was assessed via ... | Diosgenin inhibits K562 cell proliferation via cell cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis, with disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction playing vital roles. | yes |
15,386,738 | Do dual-regulated myoD- and msx1-based interventions in C2C12-derived cells enable precise myogenic/osteogenic/adipogenic lineage control? | {
"contexts": [
"Advanced gene therapy, tissue engineering and biopharmaceutical manufacturing require sophisticated and well-balanced multiregulated multigene interventions to reprogram desired mammalian cell phenotypes.",
"We have combined the streptogramin (PIP)- and tetracycline (TET)-responsive gene regu... | Our findings substantiate the use of multiregulated multigene interventions in reprogramming cellular differentiation pathways in a desired manner. | yes |
15,375,273 | Does cerebellar stroke impair temporal but not spatial accuracy during implicit motor learning? | {
"contexts": [
"Numerous studies have demonstrated cerebellar activity during implicit motor learning, but few have addressed its specific role. The purpose of this study was to determine if specific components (spatial or temporal) of an implicit motor-tracking task were affected by cerebellar stroke.",
"Th... | During implicit motor learning, the cerebellum appears to participate in the formation of predictive strategies for the timing of motor responses, rather than for the accuracy of motor execution. Because deficits were found in the contralesional upper extremity, the authors suggest that this function is not lateralized... | yes |
15,388,819 | Does dietary protein intake affect IgG synthesis in patients with nephrotic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Low plasma IgG levels have long been reported as an important complication of the nephrotic syndrome. Few studies in vivo have evaluated IgG synthesis in nephrotic patients and no data are available on the effect of dietary protein restriction on the rate of IgG synthesis.",
"We compared the ... | Nephrotic syndrome patients with low plasma IgG levels have increased IgG FSR and ASR which are not affected by reduced dietary protein intake. | no |
15,365,299 | Does acute ethanol-induced adenosine diphosphate ribosylation regulate the functional activity of rat striatal pertussis toxin-sensitive g proteins? | {
"contexts": [
"We demonstrated previously that striatal adenosine modulates ethanol-induced motor incoordination (EIMI) via adenosine A1 receptors coupled to pertussis toxin (PT)-sensitive G protein and adenylyl cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Additionally, intrastriatal (IST) PT antagonizes EIMI... | The results provide biochemical evidence of an ethanol-induced increase in ADP ribosylation of Gialpha causing a decrease in the functional activity of G proteins coupled via Gi/Go to adenylyl cyclase-cAMP. These results confirm the previously observed antagonism of EIMI by PT (IST). | yes |
15,365,312 | Does chronic ethanol enhance ectodomain shedding in T cells and monocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic ethanol (EtOH) has been shown to augment tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production, and this has been associated with EtOH-induced liver injury. We have recently described a chronic in vitro cell culture model where chronic ethanol exposure results in significantly augmented TNF produc... | These results suggest that chronic EtOH up-regulates p75 and p55 TNF receptors on monocytes and L-selectin on T-cells. However, the TACE-mediated shedding efficiency of these substrates may be inhibited in the presence of EtOH. These results may have implications in monocyte signaling and T-cell trafficking, which may,... | yes |
15,365,316 | Does implicit strategy affect learning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure? | {
"contexts": [
"Learning and memory deficits are commonly reported in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Our recent work suggested that children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure retained information as well as controls on a verbal learning test but not on a test of nonverbal learning and memory. ... | The finding of spared retention of verbal information on the CVLT-C in our earlier studies may be related to test characteristics of the CVLT-C rather than a finding of spared verbal retention per se, given that spared retention was not found on a separate test of verbal learning and memory without an implicit learning... | yes |
15,365,314 | Are serum levels of tissue polypeptide specific antigen correlated with hepatocyte cytokeratin expression in alcoholic liver disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum levels of the tumor marker tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS, cytokeratin 18 fragments) are increased in patients with alcoholic liver disease, particularly in cases of alcoholic hepatitis. Mallory bodies, characteristic of alcoholic hepatitis, are cytokeratin 8 and 18 aggregates. Th... | The vast majority of alcoholics (95%) showed increased (>100 units/liter) serum TPS levels. Serum TPS levels were significantly correlated with the number of hepatocyte cytokeratin inclusions. Serum TPS levels can predict hepatocyte cytokeratin expression in patients with alcoholic liver disease. | yes |
15,366,663 | Do cardiovascular and dyspnea response to six-minute and shuttle walk tests in COPD patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies focusing on the changes of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and dyspnea caused by the six-minute (6MWT) and shuttle walking distance tests (ISWT) have produced conflicting data. The present study aims at comparing the cardiovascular and dyspnea responses to 6MWT and ISWT in pa... | The cardiovascular and dyspnea response caused by ISWT is greater (but statistically not significant) than that generated by 6MWT. The more limited the functional capacity of COPD patients the more similar the response generated by 6MWT and ISWT. | yes |
15,377,293 | Does kupffer cell depletion attenuate superoxide anion release into the hepatic sinusoids after lipopolysaccharide treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanisms involved in the beneficial effect of gadolinium chloride against endotoxin-induced liver damage were studied.",
"Superoxide anions released into the hepatic sinusoids were examined in a liver perfusion model using the cytochrome C method.",
"Gadolinium chloride treatment fu... | These data suggest that a reduction of the superoxide anion level in the hepatic sinusoids in acute endotoxemia and subsequent reduction of neutrophil migration into the liver may indicate that gadolinium chloride treatment suppresses the progression of liver damage in acute endotoxemia. | yes |
15,386,820 | Does exercise training restore abnormal myocardial glucose utilization and cardiac function in diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical and experimental studies have shown that a reduction in myocardial glucose utilization is a factor contributing to diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study determined whether exercise training could prevent the depression in glucose utilization observed in the diabetic rat heart.",
"Diabe... | Our results indicate that exercise training is effective in preventing the depression in myocardial glucose metabolism observed in the diabetic rat. This may explain the benefits of exercise in preventing cardiac dysfunction in diabetes. | yes |
15,375,737 | Are [ Haemorrhoids too often assumed and treated . Survey of 548 patients with anal discomfort ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Anal complaints, caused not by haemorrhoids but by anal folds, fissures or perianal thrombosis, are probably too often and wrongly attributed to haemorrhoids by patients and self-treated. It was the aim of this study to find out how frequently patients with anal complaints make this false assumpt... | Since many patients who had wrongly thought to have haemorrhoids had "treated" them successfully with wet compresses, creams or ointments, their complaints cannot be relied upon diagnostically. Doctors should not be misled by patients' complaints into assuming the presence of haemorrhoids and treat them, because this w... | yes |
15,388,525 | Does severe periodontitis enhance macrophage activation via increased serum lipopolysaccharide? | {
"contexts": [
"In periodontitis, overgrowth of Gram-negative bacteria and access of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to circulation may activate macrophages leading to foam cell formation. We investigated whether periodontal treatment affects proatherogenic properties of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and, thus, macroph... | Our results suggest that in systemically healthy patients, the infected/inflamed area in periodontitis is associated with macrophage activation via increased serum LPS concentration. | yes |
15,385,696 | Is type D personality associated with increased anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator and their partners? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and their partners, and the role of personality factors and social support as determinants of distress.",
"Of all surviving patients (n = 221) having had an ICD i... | Partners experienced similar levels of depression but higher levels of anxiety compared with ICD patients. Personality was an important explanatory factor of distress in both ICD patients and their partners. Research is now warranted to investigate the implications of this finding for the clinical course of ICD patient... | yes |
15,385,693 | Does depression predict self-reported sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"Depression is a common problem in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The objective of this study was to examine whether depression is independently associated with lower self-reported sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), after controlling for polysomnographic measures... | Depression is a better predictor of self-reported sleep quality than are polysomnographic measures of sleep in patients with OSA. | yes |
15,385,692 | Is c-reactive protein associated with psychological risk factors of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy adults? | {
"contexts": [
"The current study examined the relation of anger, hostility, and severity of depressive symptoms, alone and in combination, to C-reactive protein (CRP) in healthy men and women.",
"A high sensitivity enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate CRP levels in a multiethnic s... | Greater anger and severity of depressive symptoms, separately and in combination with hostility, were significantly associated with elevations in CRP in apparently healthy men and women. These associations were independent of potential confounding factors. | yes |
15,371,781 | Is erbB2 a tumor associated antigen and a suitable therapeutic target in Wilms tumor? | {
"contexts": [
"The modern multimodality therapeutic approach to Wilms tumor (WT), combining surgery with radiotherapy and chemotherapy results in high cure rates even for high stage disease. However, the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is associated with severe early and late complications such as ... | ErbB2 is a tumor associated antigen in WT. Being expressed in almost all tumor stages, our in vivo model suggests that erbB2 may serve as a WT therapeutic target. Further work is needed to establish the role of erbB2 in the disease and its potential use in decreasing current treatment burden. | yes |
15,377,701 | Does a polymorphic variation in the interleukin 1A gene increase brain microglial cell activity in Alzheimer 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the impact of possession of the -889 C/T polymorphism of the interleukin 1A gene (IL-1A) and the -511 C/T polymorphism of the interleukin 1B gene (IL-1B) on the extent of neuroinflammation in the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD), as demonstrated by the degree of microglial cell ac... | Polymorphisms within IL-1A influence the degree of brain microglial cell activation, especially in bearers of APOE epsilon4 allele, reinforcing the importance of neuroinflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of AD, and supporting the rationale for treating the disease with inflammation modulating drugs. | yes |
15,389,821 | Is induction and function of CYR61 ( CCN1 ) in prostatic stromal and epithelial cells : CYR61 required for prostatic cell proliferation? | {
"contexts": [
"CYR61 is an extracellular matrix-associated protein that promotes adhesion, migration, and proliferation of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Prostate enlargement, which frequently causes the urethral compression, is often histologically observed as stromal and epithelial hyperplasia in an enlar... | In this study, we demonstrate that serum growth factors induce the CYR61 gene in both stromal and epithelial cells, and that CYR61 plays functional roles in cell adhesion, morphology, and proliferation, supporting its involvement in benign prostatic enlargement. These results strongly suggest that CYR61 is a key molecu... | yes |
15,389,239 | Is routine intravascular ultrasound scanning guidance of coronary stenting associated with improved clinical outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the current study was to determine whether there is any incremental benefit to routine intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance of percutaneous coronary intervention.",
"We compared the outcome of 796 patients who underwent an IVUS study (IVUS group) during the index stent proc... | These data suggest that the routine performance of IVUS during stent placement influences the performance of the procedure, as judged by differences in procedural characteristics, but does not improve clinical outcome at 9 months. | no |
15,377,684 | Does right prosubiculum amyloid plaque density correlate with anosognosia in Alzheimer 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Anosognosia is a common manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. There is an association between impaired awareness and frontal-executive cognitive deficits. Anosognosia is also correlated with decreased metabolism in the right hemisphere, particularly in frontal lobe regions.",
"To investigate ... | Increased SP density in the right PRO region suggests that selective pathological involvement of this area contributes to awareness deficits in Alzheimer's disease. The putative role of the PRO in self appraisal may reflect its interconnections with other medial temporal and prefrontal regions. | yes |
15,372,387 | Does hearing loss occur in young patients undergoing spinal anesthesia? | {
"contexts": [
"Although uncommon, hearing loss after spinal anesthesia has been described. Vestibulocochlear dysfunction after spinal anesthesia in which 22-gauge and 25-gauge Quincke needles were used was investigated to determine if needle size affected hearing.",
"Patients with American Society of Anesth... | We were unable to induce hearing loss in young patients undergoing spinal anesthesia by injecting the anesthetic with a 22-gauge or a 25-gauge Quincke needle. | no |
15,384,954 | Does the combination oral and nutritional treatment of late-onset diabetes mellitus ( CONTROL DM ) trial result? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of short-term improvements in glycaemic control on brachial artery endothelial function as a marker of cardiovascular health.",
"Persons with Type 2 diabetes who were poorly controlled on oral therapy were randomly assigned to monotherapy with repaglinide or combination ... | Brachial artery endothelial function was not influenced by short-term improvements in glycaemic control. The CONTROL DM group was successful in lowering A1C. Future research should explore more intensive and longer-lasting improvements in glycaemic control on endothelial function. Some data previously published in abst... | yes |
15,374,700 | Is follicular blood flow a better predictor of the outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer than follicular fluid vascular endothelial growth factor and nitric oxide concentrations? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the relationship between follicular blood flow and the follicular fluid vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations and to determine which factor might be a better predictor of the outcome of IVF-ET.",
"Prospective study.",
"Academic resea... | Our study showed that follicular blood flow was positively associated with the outcome of pregnancy. This is the first study to investigate the direct association of the follicular blood flow with pregnancy outcome after IVF-ET. These results suggest that follicular blood flow might be a more effective prognostic marke... | yes |
15,377,473 | Is the RANK/RANK ligand system involved in interleukin-6 and interleukin-11 up-regulation by human myeloma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment? | {
"contexts": [
"The receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) has a critical role in osteoclast activation. Recently it has been demonstrated that human multiple myeloma (MM) cells do not express RANKL but up-regulate RANKL in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). To further investigate the role of RANKL in the pat... | Our data provide new notions on the role of the RANKL system in the pathophysiology of MM. | yes |
15,370,134 | Do detection of Campylobacter species in faecal samples by direct Gram stain microscopy? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the Gram stain with carbol-fuchsin counterstain for the rapid detection of Campylobacter species in faecal samples.",
"In total, 842 consecutive diarrhoeic faecal samples were prospectively examined for Campylobacter species by Gram stain and culture.",
"Campylobacter species ... | The direct Gram stain method can provide a presumptive result within 30 minutes of receipt of a faecal sample in the laboratory with relatively high sensitivity, and at low cost. Laboratories in areas where Campylobacter enteritis is common and/or with limited resources for Campylobacter culture should consider adoptin... | yes |
15,370,821 | Is ifosfamide , carboplatin and etoposide ( ICE ) as second-line regimen alone and in combination with regional hyperthermia active in chemo-pre-treated advanced soft tissue sarcoma of adults? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of ICE (ifosfamide 1.5 g m(-2), carboplatin 100 mg m(-2) and etoposide 150 mg m(-2), days 1-4, q 28 days, G-CSF 5 microg kg(-1) starting from day 6) alone and in combination with regional hyperthermia (RHT) in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) refrac... | These results suggest that ICE alone or combined with RHT shows activity as second-line therapy in doxorubicin-ifosfamide-refractory STS. | yes |
15,364,743 | Is prothrombotic activity increased in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and risk factors for embolism? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate whether risk factors for embolism would promote thrombus formation in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).",
"Hemostatic markers for platelet activity (ie, platelet factor-4 and beta-thromboglobulin [TG]), thrombotic status (ie, protho... | NVAF patients whose conditions were complicated with risk factors for embolism could be in the prothrombotic state. Advanced age is a strong predictor of the prothrombotic state in NVAF patients. | yes |
15,378,500 | Are expression of syndecan-1 and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor associated with survival in patients with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, the authors identified molecular signatures and pathways associated with nonsmall cell lung carcinoma histology and lung development. They hypothesized that genetic classifiers of histology would provide insight into lung tumorigenesis and would be associated with clinical outcome when ... | The authors demonstrated that expression of either of the nonsmall cell lung carcinoma subtype classifiers syndecan-1 and EGFR was associated with a 30% reduction in the risk of death, with this reduction being independent of histology and other confounders. The results of the current study suggest that loss of express... | yes |
15,373,763 | Is the placental immunomodulatory cytokine regeneration and tolerance factor also expressed by both human cycling and early pregnant endometrium? | {
"contexts": [
"Regeneration and tolerance factor (RTF) has been recently suggested to contribute to the control of fetal-ablating immunity at the maternal-fetal interface through the induction of T helper 2 (Th2)-dominated response. The protein consists of a membrane-associated domain and an extracellular porti... | These results indicate that RTF is constitutively expressed at endometrial and decidual level and its up-regulation during the secretory phase of the cycle may be relevant in mediating some immune-related aspects of uterine physiology. | yes |
15,388,984 | Does hypertension but not sodium intake determine progression of renal failure in experimentally uremic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"High sodium intake is implicated in contributing to progression of chronic renal failure. We studied the effect of high sodium consumption on progression of rat experimental renal failure while sodium-induced hypertension was pharmacologically controlled.",
"64 Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 5... | (1) In 5/6 nephrectomized rats, renal function deterioration was not affected by dietary sodium, provided hypertension was pharmacologically controlled. (2) Enhanced proteinuria secondary to high sodium consumption had no adverse effect on progression of renal failure in this model. | yes |
15,370,081 | Are vaginal birth after Cesarean rates declining rapidly in the rural state of Maine? | {
"contexts": [
"The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) revised its practice bulletin on vaginal birth after Cesarean (VBAC) in October 1998 and July 1999 to require the presence of a surgeon, anesthesiologist and operating personnel throughout the trial of labor for patients with prior Ce... | A marked decline in VBAC occurred after the change in ACOG vaginal birth after Cesarean policy. Multiple factors have contributed to this decline, including patients refusing VBAC after counseling and inability of institutions to meet ACOG guidelines. | yes |
15,385,688 | Is overcommitment to work associated with changes in cardiac sympathetic regulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Work stress is associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exaggerated cardiovascular reactivity to work-related stressors or incomplete recovery after work is a proposed mechanism underlying this increase in risk. This study examined the effects of work stress on 24-hour ... | Overcommitment to work was associated with an increase in basal sympathetic drive and a reduction in the dynamic range of cardiac sympathetic regulation. Both findings are compatible with the hypothesis that overcommitment induces beta-receptor down-regulation. | yes |
15,385,687 | Is socioeconomic status associated with nocturnal blood pressure dipping? | {
"contexts": [
"With the advent of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has come the awareness that blood pressure (BP) normally drops, or \"dips,\" at night by roughly 10%. A number of pathological conditions have been associated with the nondipping of nocturnal BP. In general, researchers have looked at dippin... | It remains to be seen what aspect of the social environment may be driving this association between nondipping and lower social class. However, investigators might consider including social class in their models in future studies. | yes |
15,385,685 | Do optimistic attitudes protect against progression of carotid atherosclerosis in healthy middle-aged women? | {
"contexts": [
"Optimistic people report a higher quality of life, engage in more active coping and adopt more health-promoting behaviors than people low in optimism, ie, pessimism. We evaluated whether pessimists are more likely to show progression in carotid disease than optimists.",
"A total of 209 middle... | Optimistic women are less likely to show progression of carotid disease in mid-life than are pessimists. | yes |
15,389,803 | Is dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging ( DCE-MRI ) a useful modality for the precise detection and staging of early prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to visualize early stage prostate cancer (Cap) in a clinical setting. In previous studies, the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for screening Cap have rarely been confirmed by well-designed multisite prostate biopsy.",
"The prostate glands of 90 men with e... | DCE-MRI can identify early stage Cap with high sensitivity and specificity, and can predict the histological grade to some extent. DCE-MRI prior to biopsy should be applied to younger patients with surgical indications. Otherwise, we recommend the definitive diagnosis of Cap by utilizing DCE-MRI alone. | yes |
15,381,612 | Does body weight correlate with mortality in early-stage breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Body weight correlates with risk of breast cancer death.",
"A retrospective cohort study using patient medical records, electronic cancer registry data, and archived tissue specimens.",
"A 395-bed, comprehensive community hospital.",
"One thousand three hundred seventy-six women, aged... | Body weight at diagnosis and ER status are important predictors of breast cancer death in early-stage disease. | yes |
15,381,617 | Is obesity an independent risk factor of mortality in severely injured blunt trauma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in critically injured blunt trauma patients.",
"Case-control study of all critically injured blunt trauma patients between January 2002 and December 2002.",
"Academic level I trauma center at a county referral hospital.",
"T... | Critically injured obese trauma patients have similar demographics and injury patterns as nonobese patients. Obesity is an independent predictor of mortality following severe blunt trauma. | yes |
15,377,469 | Does the influence of age on prognosis of de novo acute myeloid leukemia differ according to cytogenetic subgroups? | {
"contexts": [
"In the presented study the effect of age and cytogenetics on clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was evaluated. The 1225 patients with de novo AML were separated according to age as follows: A1: 16 to 49 years (n=442), A2: 50 to 59 years (n=246), A3: 60-69 years (n=333), A4: 70 years... | (i) Both age and cytogenetics are independent prognostic parameters in AML;(ii) up to the age of 49 years age has no major impact on prognosis while the karyotype has; (iii) in patients 50 years and older the influence of age on outcome increases, and (iv) cytogenetics show an independent effect on survival also in pat... | yes |
15,380,444 | Are lesion progression and plaque composition altered in older apoE-/- mice lacking tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor p55? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammatory processes are an integral component of the initiation, progression, and destabilization of atherosclerotic lesions. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is considered a primary mediator of inflammatory processes.",
"The role of TNF-alpha in plaque progression and plaque destab... | Progression and destabilization of advanced atherosclerotic lesions does not seem to be mediated via the TNF-alpha receptor p55. | no |
15,389,413 | Are hIV-infected US youth at high risk of obesity and poor diet quality : a challenge for improving short- and long-term health outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the relationships among dietary quality, weight status, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in US adolescents and young adults.",
"This cross-sectional study was embedded in the Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Care and Health cohort study of HIV-infected and HIV-... | Obesity is a common nutrition problem for both HIV-infected and uninfected youth; however, HIV-infected youth are at increased risk of developing metabolic abnormalities. Culturally appropriate, client-focused nutrition education will help youth improve their diet and increase physical activity to reduce health consequ... | yes |
15,389,819 | Does transfer of functional prostasomal CD59 of metastatic prostatic cancer cell origin protect cells against complement attack? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostasomes are secretory granules produced, stored, and released, by the glandular epithelial cells of the prostate. They express the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored complement regulatory protein CD59, which has been shown to be transferred to spermatozoa and erythrocytes.",
"The... | These results point to a novel mechanism by which prostasomes can protect prostatic malignant cells from complement attack. | yes |
15,364,967 | Is histologic grade , but not SYT-SSX fusion type , an important prognostic factor in patients with synovial sarcoma : a multicenter , retrospective analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the prognostic value of SYT-SSX fusion type, in comparison with other factors, in a population of 165 patients with synovial sarcoma (SS).",
"Data on 165 patients with SS (141 with localized disease at diagnosis) were studied retrospectively. The following parameters were examined f... | For patients with localized SS, histologic grade but not SYT-SSX fusion type is a strong predictor of survival. | yes |
15,378,284 | Is left ventricular end-diastolic volume decreased at maximal exercise in athletes with marked repolarisation abnormalities : a continuous radionuclide monitoring study? | {
"contexts": [
"Although marked repolarisation abnormalities (MRAs) are considered innocuous in trained athletes, their functional significance awaits clarification. The aim of this study was to further evaluate the pathophysiological implications of such MRAs.",
"We compared left ventricular (LV) functional... | EDV is decreased at peak HR in athletes with MRAs. Such high HR values are infrequently achieved or maintained during sporting activities; therefore, in the absence of structural heart disease, MRAs should not preclude physical training and competitive availability. | yes |
15,378,518 | Is angiopoietin 2 expression related to histological grade , vascular density , metastases , and outcome in prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"In several malignant tissues, the angiopoietins are principal regulators of vascular growth and regression, but in normal prostate and prostate tumors the role of the angiopoietins is unknown.",
"Angiopoietin (ang) 1 and 2 were immunolocalized in TUR-diagnosed prostate tumors with long follow... | We conclude that ang 2 probably is an important regulator of angiogenesis in prostate cancer. | yes |
15,374,713 | Are intact progesterone receptors essential to counteract the proliferative effect of estradiol in a genetically engineered mouse model of endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the role of P and its nuclear receptor PR in the growth of ectopic uterine tissue of mice with or without a disrupted PR gene.",
"Animal study.",
"Academic medical center.",
"Female wild-type (WT) and transgenic knockout mice for P receptor (PRKO).",
"Endometriosis wa... | Intact PR in ectopic uterine tissue is essential to abolish E(2)-dependent or -independent proliferation. We also suggest that ectopic uterine tissue is associated with significantly increased resistance to P action and increased predisposition to E(2)-dependent proliferation in the absence of PR. Overall, these findin... | yes |
15,390,271 | Are activating FLT3 mutations rare in children with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Activating mutations of FLT3 have been identified in multiple myeloid malignancies. Two types of activating mutations have been described: (1) the internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) and (2) point mutations within the activating loop (FLT3-ALM). Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is a rar... | This first reported mutational analysis for both FLT3-ITD and FLT3-ALM performed in JMML documents the presence of FLT3 mutations within JMML, but at a sufficiently low prevalence as to be clinically insignificant for most patients. Despite the poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options for JMML patients with refra... | yes |
15,364,779 | Does endobronchial ultrasonography using a guide sheath increase the ability to diagnose peripheral pulmonary lesions endoscopically? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the ability of endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) using a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) to diagnose peripheral pulmonary lesions.",
"We devised a technique for EBUS-GS covering a miniature probe, and 150 lesions were evaluated in a prospective open study. In this procedure, the probe cov... | EBUS-GS is a useful method for collecting samples from peripheral pulmonary lesions, even those too small to be visualized under fluoroscopy. | yes |
15,389,787 | Do histone deacetylase inhibitors differentially mediate apoptosis in prostate cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown significant anti-proliferative and apoptotic properties on various cancer cells, including prostate cancer, and are therefore being evaluated as treatment modalities. However, the specific effect of HDAC inhibitors on androgen-sensitive and androge... | Collectively, these results suggest that the response of prostate cancer cells to HDAC inhibitors is not uniform, but cell line and inhibitor specific. Given that prostate cancer is generally a multiclonal disease representing different cell lineages, it is important to develop HDAC inhibitors that will be effective ag... | yes |
15,389,784 | Does constitutive activation of gp130 lead to neuroendocrine differentiation in vitro and in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in prostate tumors has been correlated with androgen independent disease and increased risk of death. In vitro, IL-6 initiates NE differentiation utilizing the signal transduction initiated by the interaction with IL-6R alpha and gp130. In this study we analyse... | NE differentiation was initiated by the expression of gp130act in a ligand independent manner, highlighting the importance of gp130 in the neuroendocrine differentiation process. Further investigation of upregulated/downregulated gene expression in these cells may provide valuable insight into the NE differentiation pr... | yes |
15,389,782 | Is transition of an androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line into an androgen-independent subline associated with increased angiogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Androgen-independent prostate cancer is today an incurable disease, but increased understanding of the mechanisms for the transition into an androgen-independent state may increase the possibilities for more efficient strategies in the future.",
"An androgen-independent subline, LNCaP-19, to ... | LNCaP-19 shows characteristics resembling those of androgen-independent prostate cancer. An increased MVD and changed vessel morphology in the tumor, makes it an interesting model system for studies regarding angiogenesis in the context of the acquisition of androgen independence. | yes |
15,369,016 | Are uK patients with primary Sjögren 's syndrome at increased risk from clinical depression? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was undertaken to assess the presence and degree of anxiety and depression in a group of UK patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (1 degrees SS).",
"Cross-sectional.",
"Department of Oral Medicine, Liverpool University Dental Hospital.",
"Eighty adult patients; 40 diagno... | Patients with 1 degrees SS appear to be at increased risk from clinical depression. Early recognition and appropriate intervention is therefore essential to reduce the negative impact of depression on the patient's quality of life and outcome of their disease. | yes |
15,380,798 | Does clinical pathway care improve outcomes among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the impact of a unique evidence-based clinical pathway on six outcomes of care in patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).",
"A retrospective cohort study of CAP patients discharged between January 1999 and December 2001, from 31 Adventist Health System institu... | Patients who were placed on pneumonia clinical pathway care were much more likely than non-pathway patients to have favorable outcomes of care. | yes |
15,368,324 | Are vascular endothelial growth factor C and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 related closely to the prognosis of patients with ovarian carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and VEGF receptors (VEGFR) play an essential role in the angiogenesis of both pathologic and nonpathologic conditions. However, the prognostic significance of VEGF and VEGFR expression in ovarian carcinoma is unclear.",
"The tissue expressi... | High tissue expression of VEGF-C and VEGFR-2 reflects the aggressiveness of the spread of tumor in ovarian carcinoma. Thus, both have predictive value for identifying high-risk patients who have a poor prognosis. | yes |
15,371,875 | Does in situ gelatinolytic activity correlate with tumor progression and prognosis in patients with bladder cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Degradation of the extracellular matrix by malignant tumor cells has an essential role in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis. The 2 gelatinolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-2 and MMP-9 are believed to be key enzymes in this process. We investigated the possible relationship be... | FIZ enables the direct assessment of in situ gelatinolytic activity in bladder cancer tissues. The intensity of activity appears to affect the biology of carcinoma tissues. Our results indicate a major role for MMP-2 in in situ gelatinolysis in bladder cancer. | yes |
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