pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
16,534,708 | Are weight bearing radiographs necessary for measurement of polyethylene penetration in total hip prostheses : a radiostereometric study of 111 patients examined in weight-bearing and supine position? | {
"contexts": [
"Controversy exists as to whether polyethylene (PE) penetration of hip prostheses is underestimated when the measurements are made on radiographs obtained in supine position as compared to weight-bearing position.",
"We examined 111 patients by radiostereometric analysis (RSA) in the supine an... | The small systematic difference in penetration values between the supine and the weight-bearing positions is of no clinical or methodological importance. | no |
16,537,987 | Is the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index inversely associated with serum carotenoids in non-diabetic subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Carotenoids may reduce the risk for diabetes mellitus, but little is known about the association of insulin resistance with serum carotenoids in non-diabetic subjects. This study aimed to investigate whether the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index would be lower in the... | The serum antioxidant carotenoids were inversely associated with HOMA-estimated insulin resistance in non-diabetic subjects. | yes |
16,543,197 | Is a G1103R mutation in CRB1 co-inherited with high hyperopia and Leber congenital amaurosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the genetic basis of recessive inheritance of high hyperopia and Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) in a family of Middle Eastern origin.",
"The patients were examined using standard ophthalmic techniques. DNA samples were obtained and genetic linkage was carried out using polymorph... | Although hyperopia has been associated with LCA, it is typically moderate and variable between patients with the same mutation. In addition, some CRB1 mutations can be associated with either RP or LCA. We have shown that hyperopia and LCA are linked to the mutant CRB1 gene itself and are not dependent on unlinked modif... | yes |
16,551,694 | Are commensal isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis also well equipped to produce biofilm on polystyrene surfaces? | {
"contexts": [
"To study biofilm production and to detect icaAD, atlE and aap genes in 137 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) obtained from healthy individuals from the community (35 isolates), from hospitalized patients at the Antônio Pedro University Hospital (25 isolates) and ... | Because many of the commensal MRSE isolates obtained from nares produced biofilms and carried icaAD, aap and atlE genes, biofilms or such genetic elements should not be used as markers for clinical significance. The biofilm environment seems to increase genetic exchanges and hence may contribute to multiresistance phen... | yes |
16,544,166 | Does freezing infective-stage larvae from Anisakis simplex and their produce at -20 degrees C for 24 h prevent the occurrence of autonomic imbalance in rat ileum? | {
"contexts": [
"In the present report, we analyze the efficacy of the sanitary regulations to kill the Anisakis simplex larvae (As L3) (heat or freeze) to avoid the gastrointestinal alterations that it provokes. We studied the effects on intestinal contractility (muscular tone, amplitude, and frequency of the tw... | 1) The gastrointestinal alterations provoked by As are not necessarily associated with a prior infection; and 2) the storage of the seafood at -20 degrees C during 24 h does not prevent the intestinal autonomic imbalance provoked by As, whereas, the prior heating at 60 degrees C for 15 min may completely prevent such p... | no |
16,549,823 | Does tumor transcriptome reveal the predictive and prognostic impact of lysosomal protease inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Insight into clinical response to platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).",
"Matched tumor and nontumor lung tissues from PBC-treated NSCLC patients (four nonresponders and four responders) and tumor tissue from an independent test set (four nonresponders and ... | This provides the first comprehensive molecular characterization of clinical responsiveness to PBC in NSCLC and reveals the predictive and prognostic impact of two lysosomal protease inhibitors, potentially representing novel targets for NSCLC therapeutics. | yes |
16,549,822 | Does expression profile-defined classification of lung adenocarcinoma show close relationship with underlying major genetic changes and clinicopathologic behaviors? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was conducted to gain insight into the relationship between expression profiles and underlying genetic changes, which are known to be important for the pathogenesis of lung cancers.",
"Expression profiles of 18,175 unique genes and three major targets for genetic changes, p53, epid... | This study has shed light on heterogeneity in lung cancers, especially in adenocarcinomas, by establishing a molecularly, genetically, and clinically relevant, expression profile-defined classification. Future studies using independent patient cohorts are warranted to confirm the prognostic significance of EGFR mutatio... | yes |
16,545,157 | Does roux-en-Y gastric bypass improve the nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ( NASH ) of morbid obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have been increasingly implicated in the genesis of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, no consensus exists about whether weight reduction may reverse this process.",
"To assess the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on th... | RYGBP improves steatosis, necroinflammatory activity and hepatic fibrosis in patients with morbid obesity and NASH. | yes |
16,529,606 | Do cLLU1 expression levels predict time to initiation of therapy and overall survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an incurable disease with a highly variable clinical course. IgV(H) mutational status, chromosomal aberrations, CD38 expression and ZAP-70 expression are prognostic markers in CLL, however, they are not exclusively confined to this disease. We recently identi... | CLLU1 is the first identified CLL specific gene. The CLLU1 mRNA expression level can predict time to initiation of treatment and survival in CLL patients. | yes |
16,552,196 | Is postprandial gastrointestinal hormone production different , depending on the type of reconstruction following total gastrectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"The present study examines the differences in gastrointestinal hormone production at 3 different reconstruction types after total gastrectomy.",
"Total gastrectomy causes significant weight loss, mainly due to a reduced caloric intake probably because of a lack of initiative to eat or early s... | A disturbed glucose homeostasis was observed in gastrectomized patients most prominently in the Roux-en-Y group. Also, cholecystokinin and somatostatin response differed significantly in favor of duodenal passage preservation after total gastrectomy. Cholecystokinin levels close to physiologic found at APwPDP reconstru... | yes |
16,537,673 | Is down-regulated nucleoside diphosphate kinase nm23-H1 expression unrelated to high-risk human papillomavirus but associated with progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and unfavourable prognosis in cervical cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the factors leading to an invasive phenotype is the nm23 family of metastases-associated genes. Of the six known members, nm23-H1 is the most frequently studied potential anti-metastatic gene in cervical cancer. However, the possible molecular links to oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) ... | Down-regulated nm23-H1 expression is markedly associated with progression from CIN2 to CIN3, and predicts poor prognosis in cervical cancer. Nm23-H1 down regulation is probably orchestrated by mechanisms independent of HR-HPV oncoproteins and is possibly related to the emergence of a proteolytic phenotype. | yes |
16,537,671 | Does treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea lead to improved microvascular endothelial function in the systemic circulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common and potentially reversible cause of systemic hypertension. The mechanisms whereby OSA leads to hypertension and the effects of treatment on arterial function, however, are not well established. Microvascular arterial endothelial and smooth muscle functio... | In patients with OSA, treatment with CPAP improves baseline endothelial NO release and stimulates endothelium dependent vasorelaxation in the systemic circulation. This is a potential mechanism for improving systemic and vascular function in patients with OSA treated with CPAP. | yes |
16,532,913 | Does patient-controlled epidural analgesia in labor always improve maternal satisfaction? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether patient-controlled epidural analgesia in labor with bupivacaine and fentanyl provides more satisfaction to mothers than intermittent bolus epidural analgesia or patient-controlled epidural analgesia with plain bupivacaine.",
"Ninety mothers with term, uncomplicated pre... | We found no advantages for patient-controlled epidural analgesia over intermittent bolus epidural analgesia in terms of maternal satisfaction. | no |
16,549,638 | Are vKORC1 haplotypes associated with arterial vascular diseases ( stroke , coronary heart disease , and aortic dissection )? | {
"contexts": [
"The haplotypes in the gene vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) have been found to affect warfarin dose response through effects on the formation of reduced-form vitamin K, a cofactor for gamma-carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent proteins, which is involved in the coagulation c... | The haplotype of VKORC1 may serve as a novel genetic marker for the risk of stroke, coronary heart disease, and aortic dissection. | yes |
16,532,323 | Does prevalence and correlate of post-prandial hyperglycaemia in a large sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"Post-prandial glucose may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and chronic diabetic complications. We tested the hypothesis that post-prandial hyperglycaemia is common in type 2 diabetes, even among patients in apparently good glycaemic control, and that simple clinical characteristics ide... | These results indicate that post-prandial hyperglycaemia is a very frequent phenomenon in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on active treatment; can occur even when metabolic control is apparently good; and can be predicted by simple clinical features. | yes |
16,551,729 | Is adiponectin in umbilical cord blood inversely related to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not ethnicity? | {
"contexts": [
"Adiponectin is a recognized protective risk marker for cardiovascular disease in adults and is associated with an optimal lipid profile. The role of adiponectin at birth is not well understood, and its relationship with the neonatal lipid profile is unknown. Because ethnic disparities in cardiova... | This is the first report of an inverse relationship between cord adiponectin and LDL-C at birth. In contrast to adult studies, we found no significant association between adiponectin and HDL-C in cord blood. Our results and the strong independent association between adiponectin and HDL-C observed in adult studies sugge... | yes |
16,555,148 | Do [ Analysis of recurrence and prognosis after surgical resection for I stage lower rectal carcinoma ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the clinicopathologic factors related with recurrence and prognosis after surgical resection for I stage lower rectal carcinoma.",
"The related clinicopathologic factors for recurrence and prognosis of 166 patients with I stage lower rectal carcinoma after surgical resection we... | Radical resection of I stage lower rectal carcinoma has low recurrence rate and better prognosis. Sphincter preserving operation and local excision must be strictly selected in proper patients. | yes |
16,544,218 | Is the programmable adult Codman Hakim valve useful even in very small children with hydrocephalus . A 7-year retrospective study with special focus on cost/benefit analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting is the most commonly used method for the treatment of paediatric hydrocephalus. The programmable valve with the ability to adjust the opening pressure non-invasively has made it easier to find exactly the right opening pressure for each child and reduce the risk of ... | The programmable valve was easy to handle; only one size was required and the adjustment made it possible to achieve an optimal intraventricular pressure with a lower total cost, reduced hospital stay as well as an increased quality of life for the children. | yes |
16,530,514 | Does antisense inhibition of Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteases inhibit colonic mucus degradation? | {
"contexts": [
"The exact role Entamoeba histolytica cysteine proteases play in overcoming the colonic mucus barrier, as a prerequisite to epithelial cell disruption, is not known. Herein, we determined whether E histolytica trophozoites expressing the antisense transcript to cysteine protease 5 (EhCP5) could de... | These findings unravel a central role for E histolytica CPs as key virulence factors in disrupting an intact mucus barrier in the pathogenesis of intestinal amoebiasis. | yes |
16,539,848 | Does electroporative interleukin-10 gene transfer ameliorate carbon tetrachloride-induced murine liver fibrosis by MMP and TIMP modulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Liver fibrosis represents a process of healing and scarring in response to chronic liver injury. Effective therapies for liver fibrosis are lacking. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine that downregulates pro-inflammatory responses and has a modulatory effect on hepatic fibrogenesis. The aim of t... | We demonstrated that IL-10 gene therapy attenuated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in mice. IL-10 prevented upregulated fibrogenic and pro-inflammatory gene responses. Its collagenolytic effect may be attributed to MMP and TIMP modulation. IL-10 gene therapy may be an effective therapeutic modality against liver fibrosis w... | yes |
16,539,841 | Does simvastatin inhibit leptin-induced hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that statins inhibit leptin-induced hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.",
"Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were used to evaluate the effects of simvastatin on leptin-induced hypertrophy. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were deter... | Simvastatin inhibits leptin-induced ROS-mediated hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. Statin therapy may provide an effective means of improving cardiac dysfunction in obese humans. | yes |
16,551,880 | Is estrogen receptor beta polymorphism associated with prostate cancer risk? | {
"contexts": [
"After cloning of the second estrogen receptor, estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in 1996, increasing evidence of its importance in prostate cancer development has been obtained. ERbeta is thought to exert an antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect. We examined whether sequence variants in the ERb... | We found an association with a SNP located in the promoter region of the ERbeta gene and risk of developing prostate cancer. The biological significance of this finding is unclear, but it supports the hypothesis that sequence variation in the promoter region of ERbeta is of importance for risk of prostate cancer. | yes |
16,542,205 | Does simvastatin influence the intestinal P-glycoprotein and MPR2 , and the disposition of talinolol after chronic medication in healthy subjects genotyped for the ABCB1 , ABCC2 and SLCO1B1 polymorphisms? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate whether simvastatin influences (i) the intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and MRP2, and (ii) the disposition of the beta(1)-selective blocker talinolol, a substrate of these transporter proteins.",
"The disposition of talinolol after intravenous (30 mg) and single or r... | Simvastatin does not influence the intestinal expression of P-gp and MRP2 in man. There was no pharmacokinetic interaction between talinolol and simvastatin during their chronic co-administration to healthy subjects. | no |
16,556,661 | Does topoisomerase II-alpha expression increase with increasing Gleason score and with hormone insensitivity in prostate carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate and compare topoisomerase II-alpha expression in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer of varying Gleason scores and hormone-insensitive prostate cancer.",
"The immunohistochemical expression of topoisomerase II-alpha antibody in the above-mentioned diagnostic cat... | Topoisomerase II-alpha expression was found to increase with the known prognostic marker Gleason score and with hormone insensitivity. Objective evidence is provided for clinical trials with drugs targeting topoisomerase II-alpha to be targeted to patients with prostate cancers of Gleason Score >6 and, in particular, p... | yes |
16,556,663 | Does furosemide reverse multidrug resistance status in bladder cancer cells in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Multidrug resistance (MDR) has a potentially serious influence on cancer treatment and should be taken into consideration in the design and application of therapeutic regimens. It is mediated through the activity of cellular pumps.",
"To investigate whether furosemide, itself a pump-blocker, ... | Furosemide is effective in reversing MDR status in bladder cancer cell lines in vitro. It may also have an increment of intrinsic cytotoxicity, but only at higher concentrations. We propose a potential for further investigation of furosemide as an adjunct to chemotherapy for superficial bladder cancer. | yes |
16,556,668 | Do mALT lymphoma associated genetic aberrations occur at different frequencies in primary and secondary intestinal MALT lymphomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Limited data are available on intestinal MALT lymphoma owing to its relatively rare occurrence. The frequency of associated genetic changes was therefore analysed in intestinal MALT lymphoma to determine whether primary and secondary examples may be distinguished by their genetic profile.",
"... | The genetic profile of primary intestinal MALT lymphomas appears to be different from that of secondary intestinal or local gastric MALT lymphomas. Because of the high prevalence of trisomy 3 or 18, or both, in primary intestinal lymphoma, these numerical aberrations might be regarded as a genetic hallmark of the disea... | yes |
16,531,181 | Does sonographic recognition of three cases of septate uteri diminish failures of quinacrine sterilization? | {
"contexts": [
"Using sonography, the bicornate and septate uterus as causes of failure of quinacrine sterilization (QS) are explored. Whether QS can be effectively performed on women with a bicornate or septate uterus is a question answered by a presentation of three such cases.",
"Three cases presented wer... | The bicornate or septate uterus can be a cause of failure of QS if undetected. Advantages of sonography prior to, during and after QS are apparent in the three patients with septate uteri. Sonography is advantageous when performing QS by demonstrating an anomaly of the uterus, which required separate insertions of quin... | yes |
16,545,901 | Are leukemia inhibitory factor gene mutations in the population of infertile women restricted to nulligravid patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is one of the key cytokines in the embryo implantation regulation. We investigated the prevalence of the LIF gene mutations in the population of infertile women that consisted of nulligravid and secondary infertile patients.",
"We designed a LIF gene mutation ... | The results suggest that the LIF gene mutations affect fertility. Even though they occur infrequently, their impact on molecular events during early phases of pregnancy should be further established. | no |
16,551,994 | Are smaller cerebellar volumes in very preterm infants at term-equivalent age associated with the presence of supratentorial lesions? | {
"contexts": [
"Traditionally cerebellar functions are thought to be related to control of tone, posture, gait, and coordination of skilled motor activity. However, there is an increasing body of evidence implicating the cerebellum in cognition, language, memory, and motor learning. Preterm infants are at increa... | Premature infants at term-equivalent age have similar total cerebellar and vermal volumes compared with term infants in the presence of normal brain imaging. Reduced cerebellar volume in preterm infants at term-equivalent age is seen in association with supratentorial pathology such as hemorrhagic parenchymal infarctio... | yes |
16,551,361 | Is iL-4 induced MUC4 enhancement in respiratory epithelial cells in vitro mediated through JAK-3 selective signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have identified MUC4 mucin as a ligand for activation of ErbB2, a receptor tyrosine kinase that modulates epithelial cell proliferation following epithelial damage in airways of asthmatics. In this study, we investigated the potential role of IL-4, one of the Th2 inflammatory cytok... | These observations signify a potential role for IL-4 in MUC4 up-regulation in airway epithelia. | yes |
16,551,362 | Does 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 ( PDK1 ) promote invasion and activation of matrix metalloproteinases? | {
"contexts": [
"Metastasis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in breast cancer with tumor cell invasion playing a crucial role in the metastatic process. PDK1 is a key molecule that couples PI3K to cell proliferation and survival signals in response to growth factor receptor activation, and is oncogenic... | These results indicate that PDK1 serves as an important effector of mammary epithelial cell growth and invasion in the transformed phenotype. PDK1 mediates its effect in part by MT1-MMP induction, which in turn activates MMP-2 and modulates the ECM proteins decorin and collagen. The presence of increased PDK1 expressio... | yes |
16,549,889 | Does platelet function of newborns as tested by cone and plate ( let ) analyzer correlate with gestational Age? | {
"contexts": [
"The issue of platelet function in infants and neonates is of interest, and current data are debatable. A new method for assessing platelet function involves using the cone and plate(let) analyzer (CPA), applicable for small (0.2 ml) whole blood volumes. We used polystyrene surface-coated plates t... | CPA provides a rapid, feasible option for testing platelet function in neonates. Its potential predictive value deserves further attention, and more extensive studies are warranted. | yes |
16,556,449 | Does abeta42 gene vaccination reduce brain amyloid plaque burden in transgenic mice? | {
"contexts": [
"To demonstrate that in APPswe/PS1DeltaE9 transgenic mice, gene gun mediated Abeta42 gene vaccination elicits a high titer of anti-Abeta42 antibodies causal of a significant reduction of Abeta42 deposition in brain.",
"Gene gun immunization is conducted with transgenic mice using the Abeta42 g... | We have developed a gene gun mediated Abeta42 gene vaccination method that is efficient to break host Abeta42 tolerance without using adjuvant and induces a Th2 immune response. Abeta42 gene vaccination significantly reduces the Abeta42 burden of the brain in treated APPswe/PS1DeltaE9 transgenic mice with no overlap be... | yes |
16,534,557 | Does simvastatin attenuate hypertrophic responses induced by cardiotrophin-1 via JAK-STAT pathway in cultured cardiomyocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine involved in the growth and survival of cardiac cells via activation of the Janus activated kinase/signal transducer activator of transcription (JAK/STAT). Statins, 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors, have effects that extend b... | These results suggest that simvastatin can ameliorate cardiacmyocytes hypertrophyin vitrovia JAK-STAT signaling pathways. The present study provides a novel understanding and alternative therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy. | yes |
16,543,067 | Do stromal cells modulate ephrinB2 expression and transmigration of hematopoietic cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Ephrin ligands and Eph receptors play important roles for cell behavior and movement by transducing bidirectional signaling into interacting cells. Since we found that the expression of ephrinB2 in the hematopoietic progenitor cell line was changed by coculture with stromal cells, we tried to exa... | These results indicate that expression of ephrinB2 in hematopoietic cells is regulated by interaction with particular stromal cells, and ephrinB2-EphB4 interaction modulates the migration and colonization of the hematopoietic cells in the local stromal microenvironment. | yes |
16,542,007 | Is the orthology of HLA-E and H2-Qa1 hidden by their concerted evolution with other MHC class I molecules? | {
"contexts": [
"Whether MHC molecules undergo concerted evolution or not has been the subject of a long-standing debate.",
"By comparing sequences of eight functional homologues of HLA-E from primates and rodents with those of MHC class Ia molecules from the same eight species, we find that different portion... | A model is presented in which Darwinian selective pressures due to pathogens could, at the same time, favour diversification of MHC class Ia molecules and promote concerted evolution of separate loci by spreading advantageous motifs arising by mutations in individual MHC molecules to other alleles and to other loci of ... | yes |
16,531,858 | Do admission serum lactate levels predict mortality in the acutely injured patient? | {
"contexts": [
"The conventional view that admission lactate levels predict outcome in trauma patients stems from simple comparisons of mean blood levels between groups and small sample sizes. To better address this question, we performed more rigorous statistical analyses of lactate in a larger patient sample."... | This large retrospective examination of admission lactate levels failed to show useful predictive accuracy for hospital death. Serum lactate levels need not be obtained routinely but can be reserved for patients who will be admitted to the intensive care unit and/or require an emergency operation. | no |
16,540,907 | Is heme oxygenase ( HO ) -1 upregulated in the nasal mucosa with allergic rhinitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Heme oxygenase (HO) is considered to be an antioxidant enzyme that catabolizes heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO) and biliverdin. Three isoforms of HO have been discovered. Recently, HO-1 has been found to be upregulated after allergic inflammations of the lower airway.",
"The objective of ... | We demonstrated that expression of HO-1, but not HO-2, was upregulated within the nasal tissues in allergic rhinitis inflammation, and understanding the induction of HO-1 expression may provide for better management of allergic rhinitis that involves oxidative stress. | yes |
16,556,878 | Does hyperbaric oxygen suppress NADPH oxidase in a rat subarachnoid hemorrhage model? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the major contributors to brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is oxidative stress, and 1 of the major enzymatic sources of superoxide anion production in the brain is NADPH oxidase. Therefore, we studied whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) suppresses neuronal NADPH oxidase in a ra... | HBO suppresses NADPH oxidase and oxidative stress in cerebral tissues at 24 hours after SAH. | yes |
16,549,831 | Is antibiotic treatment effective in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori suffering from extragastric MALT lymphoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Apart from anecdotal reports implicating Helicobacter pylori (HP) in the development of extragastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, no large scale prospective studies have been performed on this topic.",
"A total of 77 patients with extragastric MALT lymphoma were prospect... | In our series, HP-eradication was ineffective for treatment of extragastric MALT lymphomas. This finding, along with an infection rate of 45%-as could also be expected in the general Austrian population-suggests that HP does not play a role in the development of these lymphomas. Antibiotic treatment targeting HP should... | no |
16,533,294 | Does sterility testing of platelet concentrate prepared from deliberately infected blood donations? | {
"contexts": [
"In general the bacterial count in freshly donated blood is low and even lower in the corresponding platelet concentrates (PCs). By use of flow cytometry (FACS) for sterility testing, the reliability of early versus later sampling times was evaluated.",
"Blood donations were spiked with variou... | Detection times for slow-growing bacteria are significantly shortened when PC samples are incubated at 35 degrees C: the numbers of bacteria in freshly prepared PCs may, however, be so low that the samples drawn for sterility testing do not contain a single bacterium. Our results do not support a shortening of the 24-h... | yes |
16,532,342 | Is hypoxia-induced resistance to cisplatin and doxorubicin in non-small cell lung cancer inhibited by silencing of HIF-1alpha gene? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxia is associated with human non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), which are highly resistant to chemotherapy. The hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) as a transcription factor in response to hypoxia indicates that it could be a novel, tumor-specific target for anticancer therapy. We hypothesized t... | Our studies demonstrated that hypoxia-induced chemoresistance to cisplatin and doxorubicin in NSCLC cells is through the HIF pathway. MDR1 regulation may not be involved in hypoxia-induced chemoresistance. Combining delivery of HIF-1alpha RNAi lentiviral vector with cisplatin-related chemotherapy regimens may enable us... | yes |
16,538,883 | Are alpha-2-macroglobulin and albumin useful serum proteins to detect subclinical peritonitis in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"In experimental peritoneal dialysis (PD) studies, the occurrence of peritonitis is a confounder in the interpretation of effects of chronic peritoneal exposure to dialysis solutions. Since fluid cannot be drained in most experimental PD models in the rat, it is impossible to diagnose peritonitis ... | Measurement of alpha2M and albumin once per month is an additional tool in the diagnosis of silent peritonitis in the chronic peritoneal exposure model in the rat. Levels of alpha2M > 40 mg/L and albumin < 32 g/L are strong indicators for peritonitis. However, normal values do not exclude infectious peritonitis. | yes |
16,530,020 | Does improvement of contractility accompany angiogenesis rather than arteriogenesis in chronic myocardial ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Growth factor therapy provides a therapeutic alternative for \"no option\" patients with coronary disease. Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) predominantly stimulates angiogenesis, the growth of new capillaries, whereas Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) is considered an arteriogenic agen... | Differences for vessel growth and regional function were apparent between FGF-2 and MCP-1. This contrast could allow the speculation that development of a flow reserve in chronically ischemic myocardium is linked to angiogenesis rather than to arteriogenesis. No additional benefits were seen following combined therapy. | yes |
16,550,384 | Does fDG-PET status following chemoradiotherapy provide high management impact and powerful prognostic stratification in oesophageal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of FDG-PET following chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on treatment planning and survival in patients with oesophageal cancer (OC).",
"Fifty-three consecutive OC patients had a post-treatment PET scan to evaluate tumour response to CRT prior to possi... | The use of post-treatment FDG-PET for assessment of tumour response after CRT changed the clinical management of more than one-third of OC patients. CMR status as assessed by PET powerfully stratified prognosis. Even in the absence of a baseline study, normalisation of uptake at all sites of known tumoral involvement c... | yes |
16,529,628 | Does fMRI show atypical language lateralization in pediatric epilepsy patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The goal of this study was to compare language lateralization between pediatric epilepsy patients and healthy children.",
"Two groups of subjects were evaluated with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) by using a silent verb-generation task. The first group included 18 pediatric epil... | This study shows that epilepsy during childhood is associated with neuroplasticity and reorganization of language function. | yes |
16,547,072 | Does peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma in colonic epithelial cells protect against experimental inflammatory bowel disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is expressed in epithelial cells, macrophage, and T and B lymphocytes. Ligand induced activation of PPARgamma was reported to attenuate colitis activity but it is not clear whether this protection is mediated by epithelial or leucocyte ... | These studies reveal that PPARgamma expressed in the colonic epithelium has an endogenous role in protection against DSS induced colitis and that rosiglitazone may act through a PPARgamma independent pathway to suppress inflammation. | yes |
16,531,447 | Is ketamine , but not propofol , anaesthesia regulated by metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) have been reported to regulate N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function in various brain regions. The selective mGluR5 antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) can potentiate NMDA antagonists such as PCP and MK-801-induced behavi... | mGluR5 receptors play an important role in modulation of anaesthesia induced by ketamine, but not propofol. | yes |
16,545,436 | Does over-expression of PTEN sensitize human ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner? | {
"contexts": [
"Resistance to cisplatin-centered chemotherapy is a major cause of treatment failure in human ovarian cancer. Whereas PTEN, a tumor suppressor gene product, is believed to promote apoptosis primarily via inactivation of the PI3K/Akt cell survival pathway, recent evidence suggests that PTEN may fun... | Taken together, these data suggest that PTEN over-expression may represent a novel therapeutic approach for chemoresistant human ovarian cancer and that this may involve a p53-mediated apoptotic cascade independent of the PI3K/Akt pathway. | yes |
16,549,255 | Does a systematic review identify a lack of standardization in methods for handling missing variance data? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe and critically appraise available methods for handling missing variance data in meta-analysis (MA).",
"Systematic review. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, MathSciNet, Current Index to Statistics, BMJ SearchAll, The Cochrane Library and Cochrance Colloquium proceedings, MA texts an... | This work aggregates the ideas of many investigators. The abundance of methods suggests a lack of consistency within the systematic review community. Appropriate use of methods is sometimes suspect; consulting a statistician, early in the review process, is recommended. Further work is required to optimize method choic... | yes |
16,544,518 | Do sARS patients-derived human recombinant antibodies to S and M proteins efficiently neutralize SARS-coronavirus infectivity? | {
"contexts": [
"To develop a specific SARS virus-targeted antibody preparation for emergent prophylaxis and treatment of SARS virus infection.",
"By using phage display technology, we constructed a naive antibody library from convalescent SARS patient lymphocytes. To obtain the neutralizing antibody to SARS ... | The SARS-CoV spike protein and membrane proteins are able to elicite efficient neutralizing antibodies in SARS patients. The neutralizing antibodies we generated in this study may be more promising candidates for prophylaxis and treatment of SARS infection. | yes |
16,531,194 | Does the key to improving prognosis for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage remain in the pre-hospitalization period? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite advances in neurosurgical management, aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) still has high mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to clarify how delaying hospital admission after aSAH contributes to worse prognosis even today and to find the possibility for an improvement of its pr... | There remains much room for an improvement of prognosis for aSAH by early admission. We need to fully realize this reality and to directly face this problem. | yes |
16,549,422 | Does sucrose concentration influence the rate of human oocytes with normal spindle and chromosome configurations after slow-cooling cryopreservation? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently described slow-cooling cryopreservation protocols involving elevated sucrose concentration have improved survival frequencies of human oocytes, potentially overcoming a major hurdle that has limited the adoption of oocyte storage. Because implantation rates of embryos from frozen oocytes... | Partial disruption of the MII spindle and associated chromosomes accompanies inadequate cryopreservation during slow cooling. However, protocols adopting higher sucrose concentration in the freezing solution promote the retention of an intact chromosome segregation apparatus comparable in incidence to freshly collected... | yes |
16,541,634 | Do variation of microvascular blood flow augmentation -- supercharge in esophageal and pharyngeal reconstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"A gastric tube is commonly used in thoracic esophageal reconstruction. When a gastric tube is not available, pedicled jejunum transfer and colonic interposition are alternative methods. Oral end of the reconstructed esophagus occasionally has poor blood flow and may result in partial necrosis of ... | Augmentation of microvascular blood flow by this "supercharge" technique can be expected to reduce the risk of leakage and partial necrosis of the transferred intestine. This technique contributes to the successful reconstruction of esophageal defect. | yes |
16,530,322 | Does tumor size improve the accuracy of TNM predictions in patients with renal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Current staging for renal cancer (RC) does not directly rely on tumor size. We examined the increment in accuracy related to inclusion of pathologically determined tumor size in prediction of nodal metastases (N+), distant metastases (M+), and cancer-specific survival (CSS).",
"Partial or rad... | Tumor size represents a highly significant, multivariate, and informative predictor of RC outcomes and may warrant inclusion in future TNM revisions. | yes |
16,542,182 | Are the catechol O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and herpes simplex virus type 1 infection risk factors for cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder : additive gene-environmental effects in a complex human psychiatric disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Bipolar disorder is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning. The etiology of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder may relate to both genetic and environmental factors. A valine/methionine polymorphism of the catechol O-methyltransferase gene at amino acid 158 (COMT Val158Met polymor... | Both the COMT Val158Met polymorphism and serological evidence of HSV-1 infection affect cognitive functioning in individuals with bipolar disorder. | yes |
16,548,804 | Does non-invasive Mechanical Ventilation enhance Patient Autonomy in Decision-Making Regarding Chronic Ventilation? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with respiratory failure due to progressive muscle weakness often require chronic ventilatory support, but many do not make decisions regarding ventilation prior to a crisis. We studied the use of non-invasive ventilation as a tool to enable communication and facilitate decision-making r... | Non-invasive ventilation may be used in patients with profound muscle weakness, as a means of enhancing patient autonomy by improving communication and maintaining ventilation until decisions about ongoing care are made. | yes |
16,549,386 | Are stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson 's disease : cognitive and affective changes linked to the motor outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN0 DBS) is a widely performed surgical treatment in PD. However, the relationship between motor results and cognitive/behavioural modifications is unclear.",
"This study investigated the correlation patterns of the motor, cognitive and behavioural... | Correct screening of patients for STN DBS remains an important issue, since the current implantation procedure is not able to take account of potential functional heterogeneity within the target. | no |
16,547,713 | Is drug expectancy necessary for stimulus control of human attention , instrumental drug-seeking behaviour and subjective pleasure? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been suggested that drug-paired stimuli (S+) control addictive behaviour by eliciting an explicit mental representation or expectation of drug availability.",
"The aim of the present study was to test this hypothesis by determining whether the behavioural control exerted by a tobacco-p... | Drug-paired stimuli control selective attention, instrumental drug-seeking behaviour and positive emotional state by eliciting an explicit expectation of drug availability. | yes |
16,541,421 | Is androgen regulation of prostasin gene expression mediated by sterol-regulatory element-binding proteins and SLUG? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostasin is downregulated in hormone-refractory prostate cancers (HRPC). The mechanisms by which androgens regulate prostasin expression are unclear.",
"LNCaP cells were treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and mRNA expression of prostasin, SREBPs, SNAIL, and SLUG was examined by real-tim... | DHT regulates prostasin expression in prostate cells via SREBP stimulation and SLUG repression of prostasin promoter. SLUG is upregulated by DHT and EGF, providing a molecular mechanism by which epithelial cell-specific genes are silenced during prostate cancer development and progression. | yes |
16,541,425 | Do normal and prostate cancer cells display distinct molecular profiles of alpha-tubulin posttranslational modifications? | {
"contexts": [
"Multiple diverse posttranslational modifications of alpha-tubulin such as detyrosination, further cleavage of the penultimate glutamate residue (Delta2-tubulin), acetylation, and polyglutamylation increase the structural and functional diversity of microtubules.",
"Herein, we characterized th... | These data may reveal novel biomarkers of prostate cancer and new therapeutic targets. | yes |
16,533,288 | Are the gene overexpressed in polycythemia rubra vera , PRV-1 , and the gene encoding a neutrophil alloantigen , NB1 , alleles of a single gene , CD177 , in chromosome band 19q13.31? | {
"contexts": [
"PRV-1 mRNA is overexpressed by neutrophils from polycythemia vera patients and is homologous to NB1 a gene overexpressed in reactive neutrophilia.",
"These investigations were designed to confirm searches of genome databases suggesting that PRV-1 and NB1 are alleles of the same gene, CD177, a... | PRV-1 and NB1 are alleles of the same gene now referred to as CD177. Changes in CD177 expression may be a marker of increased or decreased myelopoiesis and are therefore an effect of, rather than a cause of, myeloproliferative disorders. | yes |
16,552,399 | Do consistent relationships between sensory properties of savory snack foods and calories influence food intake in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Determine the influence of experience with consistent or inconsistent relationships between the sensory properties of snack foods and their caloric consequences on the control of food intake or body weight in rats.",
"Rats received plain and BBQ flavored potato chips as a dietary supplement, ... | Consumption of foods in which the sensory properties are poor predictors of caloric consequences may alter subsequent food intake. | yes |
16,541,416 | Is kLK31P a novel androgen regulated and transcribed pseudogene of kallikreins that is expressed at lower levels in prostate cancer cells than in normal prostate cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Fifteen human tissue kallikrein (KLK) genes have been identified as a cluster on chromosome 19. KLK expression is associated with various human diseases including cancers. Noncoding RNAs such as PCA3/DD3 and PCGEM1 have been identified in prostate cancer cells.",
"Using massively parallel sig... | KLK31P is a novel androgen regulated and transcribed pseudogene of kallikreins that may play a role in prostate carcinogenesis or maintenance. | yes |
16,543,060 | Does fetal hemoglobin induction by histone deacetylase inhibitors involve generation of reactive oxygen species? | {
"contexts": [
"Several compounds, including butyrate and trichostatin A, have been shown to activate gamma-gene expression via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. In eukaryotic cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as signaling molecules to mediate phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases such ... | The findings presented herein support a ROS-p38 MAPK cell signaling mechanism for HbF induction by butyrate and trichostatin A. | yes |
16,540,518 | Is the aciclovir metabolite CMMG detectable in the CSF of subjects with neuropsychiatric symptoms during aciclovir and valaciclovir treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuropsychiatric symptoms related to aciclovir or valaciclovir treatment have been a problem since aciclovir was introduced in the early 1980s. We have previously found that subjects with aciclovir-related neuropsychiatric symptoms have increased serum concentrations of aciclovir's main metabolit... | These results are consistent with the hypothesis that CMMG is involved in the development of neuropsychiatric side effects in aciclovir- or valaciclovir-treated patients. Measurement of CMMG in CSF and/or serum is a promising tool in the diagnostic procedure for aciclovir- or valaciclovir-treated patients with neuropsy... | yes |
16,551,775 | Is charlson Index associated with one-year mortality in emergency department patients with suspected infection? | {
"contexts": [
"A patient's baseline health status may affect the ability to survive an acute illness. Emergency medicine research requires tools to adjust for confounders such as comorbid illnesses. The Charlson Comorbidity Index has been validated in many settings but not extensively in the emergency departmen... | This study suggests that the Charlson Index predicts one-year mortality among ED patients with suspected infection. | yes |
16,551,771 | Are changes in maternal marital status associated with young adults ' cannabis use : evidence from a 21-year follow-up of a birth cohort? | {
"contexts": [
"Relatively little is known about why almost half of young adults in Australia have used cannabis. Because the upwards trend in use of cannabis has been coincident with an increase in marital breakdown, this study examines the relationship between marital status, marital changes, and the onset of ... | Experience of changes in maternal marital status in mid- to late-childhood is a significant predictor of subsequent and early use of cannabis by the child. This holds true even after allowing for certain possible causes and consequences of marital breakdown. | yes |
16,543,073 | Is the development of autoantibodies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation related with chronic graft-vs-host disease and immune recovery? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) has certain similarities with autoimmune diseases and is associated with the development of various autoantibodies in some patients. In this study, we analyzed the occurrence of autoantibodies in 63 patients surviving longer than 3 months after an allogeneic h... | We conclude that patients with chronic GVHD, particularly those with an extensive involvement, were likely to develop autoantibodies and have a faster B-cell recovery, suggesting a role of B cells in the pathogenesis of chronic GVHD. | yes |
16,540,899 | Does nasal vaccination with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide induce protective immunity against non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx? | {
"contexts": [
"Nasal vaccination is an effective therapeutic regimen for preventing otitis media. Since cholera toxin (CT) is toxic, an alternative adjuvant is required for the development of a nasal vaccine. The efficacy of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) as a mucosal adjuvant was examined.",
"Mice were imm... | These results indicate that CpG ODN might be an effective mucosal adjuvant, acting by mechanisms that are different from CT. These findings suggest that nasal vaccination with P6 and CpG ODN might be an effective regimen for the induction of NTHi-specific protective immunity. | yes |
16,540,898 | Does eGFR regulate the side population in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the presence of side population (SP) cells in established head and neck squamous carcinoma cell (HNSCC) lines and to determine the role of EGFR in the regulation of the side population of these cells.",
"SP cells were identified using flow cytometry analysis by the ability of thes... | In established head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, SP cells were found using methods that determine expression and function of the drug transporter BCRP1/ABCG2. Activation of EGFR, a gene implicated in tumorigenesis in HNSCC leads to increased SP, and conversely, inhibition of EGFR leads to decrease in SP... | yes |
16,540,280 | Is re-fixation in a lymph node revealing solution a powerful method for identifying lymph nodes in colorectal resection specimens? | {
"contexts": [
"To verify an impact of a lymph node revealing solution (LRS) on the number of lymph nodes (LN) revealed in colorectal resection specimens.",
"Fifty-nine cases of rectosigmoid carcinomas divided into two subgroups-stage pT2&3 (20 cases) and ypT2&3 (with pre-operative radiotherapy-39 cases)-wer... | Using LRS leads to a significant increase in the number of revealed LNs in colorectal resection specimens and makes it possible to find more than 12 LNs in a majority of stage pT2 and pT3 adenocarcinomas. | yes |
16,531,845 | Is routine repeat head CT for minimal head injury unnecessary? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with MHI and a positive head computed tomography (CT) scan frequently have a routine repeat head CT (RRHCT) to identify possible evolution of the head injury requiring intervention. RRHCT is ordered based on the premise that significant injury progression may take place in the absence of... | RRHCT is unnecessary in patients with MHI. Clinical examination identifies accurately the few who will show significant evolution and require intervention. | yes |
16,537,274 | Is rehabilitation compromised by arousal and sleep disorders : results of a survey of rehabilitation centres? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the impact of disorders of arousal and sleep disturbance on everyday living and participation in rehabilitation.",
"Survey of rehabilitation centres based on naturalistic observation.",
"One hundred and thirty-five adults with acquired brain injury were reported by rehabili... | Long-term outcome from severe brain injury can be compromised by enduring disturbance of arousal, most commonly evidenced as sleep disorder. Treatment should be based on judicious use of medication (beyond hypnotic drugs) and greater emphasis on non-pharmacological management. | yes |
16,557,205 | Does a retrospective analysis of the impact of 18F-FDG PET scan on clinical management of 133 breast cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"While it is well-known that there is 18F-FDG uptake in breast tumors, clinical impact of (18)F-FDG PET in managing breast cancer patients is not well-studied.",
"One hundred and thirty-three consecutive breast cancer patients from May 1996 to June 2000 were studied. All patients were treated ... | PET holds promise as a sensitive and specific modality in following treated breast cancer patients. PET results contain information on 6 month outcome that is independent of stage or past treatment and influence patient management. | yes |
16,552,247 | Does options in pediatric glaucoma after angle surgery have failed? | {
"contexts": [
"Congenital glaucoma is primarily a surgical disease with medical management serving as a temporizing measure before surgery or as postoperative adjunctive treatment. First-line surgery for congenital glaucoma consists of incisional procedures on the anterior chamber angle: goniotomy and trabeculo... | Refractory pediatric glaucoma remains a challenge. Glaucoma drainage devices appear to be the most predictable and possibly safest procedure to consider after failed conventional angle surgery. | yes |
16,549,107 | Does postprandial light physical activity blunt the blood glucose increase? | {
"contexts": [
"The magnitude and duration of postprandial blood glucose elevation seem to be important risk factors for diabetes Type 2 and coronary heart disease. AIM.: To investigate whether post-meal light physical activity might reduce the blood glucose increase.",
"Nine young (18-25 years) and 10 middl... | The results demonstrate an acute blood glucose reducing effect of light physical activity and of a magnitude similar to that obtained by hypoglycemic drugs, even after intake of a large dose of high glycemic food. | yes |
16,545,135 | Do `` Random '' gentamicin concentrations predict trough levels in neonates receiving once daily fixed dose regimens? | {
"contexts": [
"Monitoring plasma gentamicin concentrations in neonates 24 hours after a once daily dose (4 mg/kg) often necessitates additional blood sampling. In adults a nomogram has been developed enabling evaluation of gentamicin doses by sampling concentrations with other blood tests, 4-16 hours after admi... | It was not possible to construct a nomogram to predict gentamicin concentrations at 24 hours in neonates with a variety of gestational ages. Dosage tailored to gestation with monitoring of trough concentrations remains management of choice. | no |
16,545,138 | Does cD40L induce multidrug resistance to apoptosis in breast carcinoma and lymphoma cells through caspase independent and dependent pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"CD40L was found to reduce doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in non Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines through caspase-3 dependent mechanism. Whether this represents a general mechanism for other tumor types is unknown.",
"The resistance induced by CD40L against apoptosis induced by a panel of cytotoxi... | These results indicate that CD40L expressed on adjacent non tumoral cells induces multidrug resistance to cytotoxic agents and ceramides in both breast carcinoma and non Hodgkin's lymphoma cell lines, albeit through a caspase independent and dependent pathway respectively. | yes |
16,543,997 | Does 5 mCi pretreatment scanning cause stunning when the ablative dose is administered within 72 hours? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the stunning effect of a tracer dose of 5 mCi iodine-131.",
"We retrospectively analyzed 145 patients who received the first ablative treatment at our service. Patients were divided according to disease status determined upon post-treatment scanning (101 patients with thyroid rem... | The present results indicate that diagnostic scanning using a 5 mCi iodine-131 dose does not interfere with uptake of the ablative dose or with treatment efficacy when ablation is performed within 72 h. | no |
16,536,714 | Is the imaginary line method reliable for identification of prosthetic heart valves on AP chest radiographs? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the utility of four criteria for distinguishing aortic from mitral valve prostheses on supine anteroposterior (AP) chest x rays in critically ill patients.",
"Two reviewers independently examined the post operative chest X-rays (CXR) of all patients undergoing either an aortic or m... | The well known imaginary line method is of limited value when identifying prosthetic valve positions on supine AP CXR's. We advocate the use of the "valve orifice" method or the "perceived direction of blood flow" method to gain valuable information regarding the presence and position of prosthetic heart valves. | no |
16,532,911 | Is satisfying parents ' preferences with regard to various models of postnatal care cost-minimizing? | {
"contexts": [
"This study describes three options for postnatal care in Sweden and contains a cost analysis of the options in various combinations. The aim of the study was to calculate the cost of a postnatal care model according to new parents' preferences.",
"Staff costs were calculated for various model... | Because the parents' preferences with regard to postnatal care created one of the most cost-minimizing care models in the study, it would be possible to better meet parent's desires and, at the same time, reduce costs, without increasing risks in comparison with the early discharge program. | yes |
16,557,024 | Does surgical therapy attenuate abdominal and extra-abdominal inflammation in experimental peritonitis? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines the influence of surgical management (elimination of the infectious focus and abdominal lavage) on survival and the inflammatory response in the various compartments of the body: local (abdomen), systemic (blood) and distant organ (lungs).",
"Peritonitis was established in... | In experimental secondary peritonitis surgical management improves survival and attenuates the inflammatory response predominantly in the extra-abdominal compartments. This illustrates the importance of surgery in prevention of multiple organ failure and denotes the compartmentalized character of the inflammatory respo... | yes |
16,553,096 | Are soap operas and talk shows on television associated with poorer cognition in older women? | {
"contexts": [
"No information exists regarding whether a favorite television category choice affects attention, memory, or cognition among older women.",
"Cross-sectional data from a population-based community sample of 289 older cognitively and physically intact women who were surveyed about television use... | Clinical interviews can incorporate questions about television viewing habits. Endorsements of talk shows or soap operas as frequent and favored television programming may identify those at risk for cognitive impairment and targets for further cognitive screening. | yes |
16,529,622 | Is seizure outcome after resection of cavernous malformations better when surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain also is removed? | {
"contexts": [
"Considering the epileptogenic effect of cavernoma-surrounding hemosiderin, assumptions are made that resection only of the cavernoma itself may not be sufficient as treatment of symptomatic epilepsy in patients with cavernous malformations. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis whe... | Our study suggests that complete removal of cavernoma-surrounding hemosiderin-stained brain tissue may improve epileptic outcome after resection of cavernous malformations. | yes |
16,534,417 | Does integrin alpha2beta1 regulate neutrophil recruitment and inflammatory activity in experimental colitis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Human inflammatory bowel disease (e.g., Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), is associated with leukocyte accumulation in the inflamed intestinal tissue. Recent studies strongly suggest a role of beta1 integrin receptors in regulating tissue damage and disease symptoms related to inflammatory... | We demonstrate an alleviating action of the collagen-binding alpha2beta1 integrin in experimental colitis in mice and suggest that this effect is mediated by inhibition of neutrophil migration and activation. Local administration of function-blocking antibodies against integrin alpha2beta1 may provide novel avenues to ... | yes |
16,530,512 | Does molecular tracing of the global hepatitis C virus epidemic predict regional patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma mortality? | {
"contexts": [
"Molecular evolutionary analysis based on coalescent theory can provide important insights into epidemiologic processes worldwide. This approach was combined with analyses of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemiologic-historical background and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in different... | These findings strongly suggest that the initial spread time of HCV is associated with the progression dynamics of HCC in each area, irrespective of genotype. | yes |
16,541,242 | Does tryptophan depletion modify response to CCK-4 challenge in patients with panic disorder after treatment with citalopram? | {
"contexts": [
"Data by [Bell et al. J Psychopharmacol (2002) 16:5-14] suggest that a decrease in 5-HT neurotransmission predisposes to panic attacks and that the antipanic effect of SSRIs depends upon the availability of 5-HT in the brain.",
"Our aim was to assess the effect of acute tryptophan depletion (T... | This study demonstrates that an acute lowering of brain 5-HT availability with TD does not affect response to a CCK-4 challenge in PD patients successfully treated with citalopram. Thus, the reduction of CCK-4 sensitivity following SSRI-treatment in patients with PD may be related to mechanisms other than 5-HT availabi... | no |
16,543,250 | Is leptin an endothelial-independent vasodilator in humans with coronary artery disease : Evidence for tissue specificity of leptin resistance? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to define the mechanisms and correlates of leptin's vascular actions in humans with coronary artery disease.",
"In 131 patients (age 65.7+/-0.7 years mean+/-SEM), ex vivo vascular reactivity to leptin (10(-13)-10(-7) M) was assessed in saphenous vein (SV) rings. Leptin led to SV rel... | Leptin is a vasoactive peptide in human SV and internal mammary artery. Its action is not nitric oxide or endothelial-dependent. Markers of body fat did not correlate with leptin-mediated vasodilatation, raising the intriguing possibility of selective resistance to leptin's actions. | yes |
16,557,025 | Do serum adiponectin levels increase after human chorionic gonadotropin treatment during in vitro fertilization? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether or not serum adiponectin concentrations are influenced by ovarian hyperstimulation during in vitro fertilization (IVF).",
"This study involved 52 women who were participating in IVF-ET cycles. Adiponectin levels in serum were determined by radioimmunoassay and compared.",... | To sum up, following gonadotropin treatment, serum adiponectin levels decrease as a result of the negative effect of high estradiol levels on adiponectin production. Conversely, serum adiponectin levels increase following human chorionic gonadotropin treatment. | yes |
16,557,028 | Is human cathelicidin LL-37 a chemoattractant for eosinophils and neutrophils that acts via formyl-peptide receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by the presence of eosinophils and neutrophils. However, the mechanisms that mediate the influx of these cells are incompletely understood. Neutrophil products, including neutrophil elasta... | LL-37 displays chemotactic activity for eosinophils and neutrophils, and this activity is mediated via an FPR. These results suggest that LL-37 may play a role in inflammatory lung diseases such as asthma and COPD. | yes |
16,530,626 | Are c-reactive protein and homocysteine associated with dietary and behavioral risk factors for age-related macular degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether age-related macular degeneration risk factors are associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine (HCY), systemic biomarkers for cardiovascular disease.",
"Subjects with a range of age-related macular maculopathies or no maculopathy at two ce... | C-reactive protein and HCY levels are related to traditional dietary and behavioral factors associated with age-related macular degeneration. | yes |
16,551,873 | Is tumor epithelial cell matrix metalloproteinase 9 a target for antimetastatic therapy in colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The current paradigm suggests that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) expressed by stromal cells is a therapeutic target in human colorectal tumors which presumably regulates metastatic disease progression. Conversely, whereas cancer cells within those tumors may induce stromal cells to produce M... | These observations reveal that MMP-9 produced by human colon cancer, rather than stromal, cells is central to processes underlying metastasis. They underscore the previously unrecognized potential of specifically targeting tumor cell MMP-9 in interventional strategies to reduce mortality from metastatic colorectal canc... | yes |
16,545,950 | Does the distance-saturation product predict mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The 6-min walk test (6MWT) has prognostic value in various pulmonary disorders including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We determined the individual prognostic accuracy of distance walked and oxygen saturation during the 6MWT in patients with IPF. We defined a new composite index, the dista... | Each component of the 6-min walk independently predicted mortality in IPF with greater accuracy than spirometry. However, a composite of both parameters, the DSP, provides slightly greater accuracy and represents a novel measure for assessing survival in patients with IPF. | yes |
16,547,445 | Do demographic factors influence cognitive recovery after shunt for normal-pressure hydrocephalus? | {
"contexts": [
"Several studies have reported that ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion for treatment of normal-pressure hydrocephalus results in improvement of gait and, less frequently, improvement of cognition. We sought to identify the demographic factors associated with cognitive improvement after shunt ins... | One third of patients met our definition of good cognitive improvement: improvement by at least 25% on at least half of the cognitive tests administered. There was a significant negative linear relationship between age and probability of good cognitive improvement. Additionally, the degree of cognitive improvement was ... | yes |
16,549,005 | Does the bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase of Tetrahymena thermophila provide a tool for molecular and biotechnology applications? | {
"contexts": [
"Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) and thymidylate synthase (TS) are crucial enzymes in DNA synthesis. In alveolata both enzymes are expressed as one bifunctional enzyme.",
"Loss of this essential enzyme activities after successful allelic assortment of knock out alleles yields an auxotrophic mar... | This system avoids the use of antibiotics or other drugs and therefore is of high interest for biotechnological applications. | yes |
16,551,740 | Does genetic variation in 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 predict adrenal hyperandrogenism among lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated adrenal androgen levels are common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the underlying pathogenetic mechanism is poorly understood. In the rare cortisone reductase deficiency, impaired regeneration of active cortisol from inert cortisone by 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11beta... | Genetic variation in 11beta-HSD1 contributes to enhanced cortisol clearance and compensatory adrenal hyperandrogenism in lean patients with PCOS but may be protective against obesity and some features of the metabolic syndrome. | yes |
16,530,931 | Does systemic nitric oxide augmentation lead to a rapid decrease of the bladder outlet resistance in healthy men? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined the immediate effect of a systemic nitric oxide augmentation on the bladder outlet resistance in healthy men.",
"Eleven healthy male volunteers with a mean age of 25.5 yr were included in the study. They were prepared for a standard urodynamic study, and a baseline pressure-flow s... | Systemic NO augmentation can lower the functional bladder outlet resistance very rapidly in men. Our results support the concept that the NO-cGMP pathway may be a promising target for medical treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms. | yes |
16,546,506 | Does vaccination with a HER2/neu peptide induce intra- and inter-antigenic epitope spreading in patients with early stage breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"We are conducting clinical vaccine trials with the HER2/neu peptide, E75, in patients with breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate clonal expansion of E75-specific CD8(+) T cells and to identify intra- and interantigenic epitope spreading.",
"Pre- and postvaccination perip... | Our data provide evidence for the induction of intra- and interantigenic epitope spreading that results from a single HER2/neu peptide vaccine even in early staged patients. The ability to raise immunity to multiple tumor antigens depends on both the degree of HER2/neu expression and the extent of disease. Epitope spre... | yes |
16,546,502 | Are cardiac histones substrates of histone deacetylase activity in hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation? | {
"contexts": [
"DNA transcription is regulated, in part, by acetylation of nuclear histones that are controlled by 2 groups of enzymes: histone deacetylases (HDAC) and histone acetyl transferases (HAT). Whether an imbalance in HDAC/HAT system plays a role in hemorrhage/resuscitation is unknown. The goals of this... | Hemorrhage/resuscitation is associated with HDAC/HAT activity misbalance, and the acetylation status of cardiac histones is influenced by the choice of resuscitation strategy. Shock-induced changes can be reversed through the infusion of pharmacologic HDAC inhibitor, even when it is administered after the insult for a ... | yes |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.