pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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16,556,880 | Does electrical forepaw stimulation during reversible forebrain ischemia decrease infarct volume? | {
"contexts": [
"Functional stimulation is accompanied by increases in regional cerebral blood flow which exceed metabolic demands under normal circumstances, but it is unknown whether functional stimulation is beneficial or detrimental in the setting of acute ischemia. The aim of this study was to determine the ... | Functional stimulation of ischemic tissue may decrease tissue damage and improve outcome from stroke. Although the precise mechanism of this effect remains to be determined, functional stimulation could readily be translated to clinical practice. | yes |
16,534,849 | Does chronic low vitamin intake potentiate cisplatin-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in WNIN rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate if cisplatin alters vitamin status and if VR modulates cisplatin induced intestinal apoptosis and oxidative stress in Wistar/NIN (WNIN) male rats.",
"Weanling, WNIN male rats (n = 12 per group) received adlibitum for 17 wk: control diet (20% protein) or the same with 50% vitami... | Low intake of vitamins increases the sensitivity of rats to cisplatin and promotes intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis. | yes |
16,534,848 | Does eubacterium limosum ameliorate experimental colitis and metabolite of microbe attenuates colonic inflammatory action with increase of mucosal integrity? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of Eubacterium limosum (E. limosum) on colonic epithelial cell line in vitro, and to evaluate the effect of E. limosum on experimental colitis.",
"E. limosum was inoculated anaerobically and its metabolites were obtained. The growth stimulatory effect of the E. limosum m... | E. limosum can ameliorate experimental colonic inflammation. In part, the metabolite of E. limosum, butyrate, increases mucosal integrity and shows anti-inflammatory action modulation of mucosal defense system via TLR4. | yes |
16,558,556 | Does crossover cutting during hamstring fatigue produce transverse plane knee control deficits? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effects of eccentric work-induced hamstring fatigue on sagittal and transverse plane (axial) knee and ankle biodynamics and kinetics during a running crossover cut directional change (functional pivot shift).",
"A pretest-posttest, single-group intervention experimental design w... | The increased knee internal rotation velocity during phase I indicates transverse plane dynamic knee-control deficits during hamstring fatigue. Earlier peak ankle plantar-flexor moments and decreased internal rotation during phase II in the presence of hamstring fatigue may represent compensatory attempts at dynamic kn... | yes |
16,531,904 | Does carnosine and anserine ingestion enhance contribution of nonbicarbonate buffering? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of supplementation with chicken breast extract (CBEX), which was a rich source of carnosine and anserine, on acid-base balance and performance during intense intermittent exercise.",
"Eight male subjects performed intense intermit... | Although oral supplementation with CBEX (which is a rich source of carnosine and anserine) increased the contribution of the nonbicarbonate buffering action and decreased bicarbonate buffering action in blood, intense intermittent exercise performance did not improve significantly. | yes |
16,551,870 | Is irinotecan inactivation modulated by epigenetic silencing of UGT1A1 in colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Irinotecan is used in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. The UGT1A1-metabolizing enzyme, expressed in liver and colon, is primarily involved in the inactivation of its active metabolite 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38). Herein, we explored the role of DNA methylation ... | We conclude that DNA methylation represses UGT1A1 expression in colon cancer and that this process may contribute to the level of tumoral inactivation of the anticancer agent SN-38 and potentially influence clinical response. | yes |
16,548,860 | Does pre-oxygenation enhance induction with sevoflurane as assessed using bispectral index monitoring? | {
"contexts": [
"Several methods may enhance the inhalational induction of anesthesia. In this randomized double-blind study, we evaluated the speed of induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane with or without pre-oxygenation.",
"Fifty-four patients scheduled for hysteroscopy received for 10 min air or 100% ox... | Before sevoflurane administration, breathing 100% oxygen for 10 min enhances induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane. | yes |
16,552,403 | Does hepatocyte growth factor secreted by cultured adipocytes promote tube formation of vascular endothelial cells in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipose tissue is closely associated with angiogenesis, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. Some of the adipocyte-derived cytokines are hypothesized to play an important role in angiogenesis. We evaluated tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in t... | These results suggest that HGF secreted from 3T3-L1 cells may be the major factor regulating the tube formation, and agents that enhance the differentiation of adipocytes may promote tube formation of HUVECs mediated by HGF secreted by adipocytes. | yes |
16,540,947 | Does intravenous injection of methylprednisolone reduce the incidence of postextubation stridor in intensive care unit patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether treatment with corticosteroids decreases the incidence of postextubation airway obstruction in an adult intensive care unit.",
"Clinical experiment.",
"Adult medical and surgical intensive care unit of a teaching hospital.",
"One hundred twenty-eight patients who ... | A reduced cuff leak volume is a reliable indicator to identify patients at high risk to develop stridor. Treatment with a single or multiple injections of methylprednisolone can effectively reduce the occurrence of postextubation stridor. | yes |
16,540,937 | Is the calculated genetic barrier for antiretroviral drug resistance substitutions largely similar for different HIV-1 subtypes? | {
"contexts": [
"The genetic barrier, defined as the number of mutations required to overcome drug-selective pressure, is an important factor for the development of HIV drug resistance. Because of high variability between subtypes, particular HIV-1 subtypes could have different genetic barriers for drug resistanc... | Based on the calculated genetic barrier, the rate of drug resistance development may be similar for different HIV-1 subtypes. Because of differences in minor protease substitutions, protease inhibitor resistance could be enhanced in particular subtypes once the relevant major substitutions are selected. | yes |
16,546,150 | Does combined therapy with PPARalpha agonist and L-carnitine rescue lipotoxic cardiomyopathy due to systemic carnitine deficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and are key regulators of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in the heart. Systemic carnitine deficiency (SCD) causes disorders of FAO and induces hypertro... | PPARalpha activation, in addition to l-carnitine supplementation, may rescue the detrimental lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in SCD by improving cardiac energy and lipid metabolism as well as systemic lipid metabolism. | yes |
16,533,770 | Is the cytoskeleton regulatory protein hMena ( ENAH ) overexpressed in human benign breast lesions with high risk of transformation and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive/hormonal receptor-negative tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"hMena (ENAH), a cytoskeleton regulatory protein involved in the regulation of cell motility and adhesion, is overexpressed in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to define at what stage of breast carcinogenesis hMena is overexpressed and to correlate hMena overexpression with established pro... | Our data provide new insights into the relevance of actin-binding proteins in human breast carcinogenesis and indicate hMena overexpression as a surrogate indicator in breast disease management. | yes |
16,533,774 | Does changes of topoisomerase IIalpha expression in breast tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict relapse-free survival? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the value of changes in the expression of topoisomerase IIalpha (TopoII) and the proto-oncogene erbB-2 (HER-2) as predictors of relapse-free survival in women with operable breast cancer treated with anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy.",
"Seventy-seven patients with primar... | Changes in TopoII expression after anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent predictor of a poor relapse-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Tumor cells displaying an increased TopoII expression after treatment may be responsible for relapses, and may, therefore, define a group of patient... | yes |
16,554,391 | Does adolescents ' attachment orientation influence ambulatory blood pressure responses to everyday social interactions? | {
"contexts": [
"Adult attachment theory provides a useful framework for understanding how early developmental experiences affect social processes, associated physiological stress responses, and ultimately, health across the lifespan. The current study examined the effects of attachment orientation on physiologic... | The current findings suggest that adolescent attachment orientation may shape later physical health through influences on the nature of, and physiological responses to, social interactions in everyday life. | yes |
16,555,165 | Does high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improve refractory depression by influencing catecholamine and brain-derived neurotrophic factors? | {
"contexts": [
"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive and easily tolerated method of altering cortical physiology. To date, numerous open and sham controlled clinical trials have explored the antidepressant potential of rTMS. In the present study, we investigated clinical trials o... | These results suggest that rTMS treatment brings about some improvement in refractory depression, especially for symptoms such as agitation, by influencing MHPG and BDNF, which is in accordance with previous reports showing that BDNF was increased by various antidepressants treatments. | yes |
16,549,295 | Do psychiatric symptoms and substance use disorders in a nationally representative sample of American adolescents involved with foster care? | {
"contexts": [
"To ascertain the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and substance use disorders among adolescents with a lifetime history of foster care placement, using data from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adolescents.",
"We studied adolescents aged 12-17 years in the public use file of the ... | Adolescents involved with foster care have a higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and drug use disorders than those never placed in foster care. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that they may be at elevated risk for suicide attempts. | yes |
16,547,601 | Is magnetic resonance imaging the diagnostic tool of choice in the preoperative evaluation of patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return? | {
"contexts": [
"Diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return is usually suspected by echocardiography and often confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful non-invasive diagnostic tool that can give accurate insight on systemic and pulmonary veins, cardiac anatomy and... | In patients with suspected anomalous pulmonary venous return, magnetic resonance provides a comprehensive evaluation of pulmonary venous return and the amount of shunt, overcoming most of the limitations of echocardiography. Therefore magnetic resonance is a powerful diagnostic tool for indicating therapeutic managemen... | yes |
16,544,075 | Does urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the management of acute cholecystitis : timing influence conversion rate? | {
"contexts": [
"The optimal treatment of acute cholecystitis is urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Most reports suggest that a delay of 72 or 96 h from onset of symptoms leads to a higher conversion rate. This study assessed the conversion rate in relation to the timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy f... | The conversion rate for urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy among patients with acute cholecystitis can be as low as 3.6%. The timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy has no impact on the conversion rate. | no |
16,534,501 | Does plantar cutaneous input modulate differently spinal reflexes in subjects with intact and injured spinal cord? | {
"contexts": [
"Spinal reflex excitability study in sensory-motor incomplete spinal cord-injured (SCI) and spinal intact subjects.",
"To investigate the effects of plantar cutaneous afferent excitation on the soleus H-reflex and flexion reflex in both subject groups while seated.",
"Rehabilitation Instit... | The effects of plantar cutaneous afferents change following a lesion to the spinal cord leading to exaggerated activity in both flexors and extensors. This suggests impaired modulation of the spinal inhibitory mechanisms involved in the reflex modulation. Our findings should be considered in programs aimed to restore s... | yes |
16,539,838 | Does a long-form alpha-neurotoxin from cobra venom produce potent opioid-independent analgesia? | {
"contexts": [
"In light of the antinociceptive activity of the short-chain neurotoxin, cobrotoxin, and other acetylcholine antagonists, the antinociceptive activity and mechanisms of cobratoxin (CTX), a long-chain postsynaptic alpha-neurotoxin, was investigated in rodent pain models.",
"CTX was administered... | CTX has analgesic effects, which are mediated in the central nervous system though not through the PAG. The central cholinergic system but not opioid system appears to be involved in the antinociceptive action of CTX. | yes |
16,529,657 | Do sp1/3 and NF-1 mediate basal transcription of the human P2X1 gene in megakaryoblastic MEG-01 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"P2X1 receptors play an important role in platelet function as they can induce shape change, granule centralization and are also involved in thrombus formation. As platelets have no nuclei, the level of P2X1 expression depends on transcriptional regulation in megakaryocytes, the platelet precursor... | This study has identified and characterized the P2X1 promoter utilized in MEG-01 cells and shown that binding of Sp1/3 and NF-1 to elements in the direct vicinity of the transcription start site is essential for basal transcription. Targeting the function of these transcription factors in megakaryocytes may therefore p... | yes |
16,539,723 | Do smoking particles enhance endothelin A and endothelin B receptor-mediated contractions by enhancing translation in rat bronchi? | {
"contexts": [
"Smoking is known to cause chronic inflammatory changes in the bronchi and to contribute to airway hyper-reactivity, such as in bronchial asthma. To study the effect of smoking on the endothelin system in rat airways, bronchial segments were exposed to DMSO-soluble smoking particles (DSP) from cig... | The increased contractility of rat bronchi when exposed to DSP appears to be due to a translation mechanism. | yes |
16,539,721 | Does zoledronic acid treatment impair protein geranyl-geranylation for biological effects in prostatic cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) have been designed to inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. However, it is now accepted that part of their anti-tumor activities is related to interference with the mevalonate pathway.",
"We investigated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL), ... | Although zoledronic acid is currently the most efficient bisphosphonate in metastatic prostate cancer management, its mechanism of action in prostatic cells remains unclear. We suggest in this work that although in first intention ZOL inhibits FPPsynthase its main biological actitivity is directed against protein Geran... | yes |
16,537,848 | Does treatment with AM3 restore defective T-cell function in COPD patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Lymphocyte alterations have been associated with an increased prevalence of acute respiratory infections in COPD patients. AM3 is an oral immunomodulator that normalizes the defective functions of peripheral blood natural killer and phagocytic cells in COPD patients and improves their health-rela... | PBMCs of COPD patients showed clear functional T-lymphocyte abnormalities that are rescued by AM3 treatment. | yes |
16,530,511 | Does hLA-DRB1 donor-recipient mismatch affect the outcome of hepatitis C disease recurrence after liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"This study extends our previously reported observations that various immunological factors are associated with the occurrence of histologically proven recurrent hepatitis C. The two specific issues investigated were to confirm the associations of MHC alleles and donor/recipient mismatch with the ... | This study provides evidence that DRB1 donor-recipient mismatch affects both the occurrence and progression of recurrent hepatitis C disease. This information is clinically relevant as it may help to better allocate organs and to recognize patients at risk for progression so that specific interventions can be implement... | yes |
16,530,366 | Does comparison between stabilometry with and without head tilt in a roll plane? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined the influence of head-tilting on stabilometry, which is similar to positional nystagmus in a sitting position.",
"The subjects were 35 healthy individuals and 11 patients with unilateral vestibular disorder. We compared parameters measured in an upright position and those with lef... | One could argue that a combination of displacement of the body itself, influence of proprioceptive sensation, and influence of otolith affects the output of stabilometry. It would be possible to develop this test if the first and the second are excluded. | yes |
16,556,782 | Is dance training intensity at 11-14 years associated with femoral torsion in classical ballet dancers? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine in a cross sectional study the influence of femoral torsion (FT) and passive hip external rotation (PER) on turnout (TO). Starting age, years of classical ballet training, and current and past dance training intensity were assessed to determine their influence on FT, PER, and TO in pre... | FT is significantly associated with PERC. Dancers who trained for six hours a week or more at 11-14 years of age had significantly less FT. FTC had a significant influence on PERC, but no influence on the execution of TO. | yes |
16,530,734 | Does blockade of IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinase have antineoplastic effects in hepatocellular carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer-related causes of death worldwide. Due to very poor 5-year-survival new therapeutic approaches are mandatory. Most HCCs express insulin-like growth factors and their receptors (IGF-R). As IGF-1R-mediated signaling promotes survival, ... | Inhibition of IGF-1R tyrosine kinase (IGF-1R-TK) by NVP-AEW541 induces growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human HCC cell lines without accompanying cytotoxicity. Thus, IGF-1R-TK inhibition may be a promising novel treatment approach in HCC. | yes |
16,545,395 | Does heart failure reduce both the effects and interaction between cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP? | {
"contexts": [
"We tested the hypothesis that the negative functional effects of cyclic GMP would be attenuated by cyclic AMP and this interaction would be reduced in pacing-induced failure of hypertrophic hearts.",
"8-Bromo-cGMP (2 microg/kg/min) was infused into a coronary artery in eight control, eight ve... | In controls, cyclic AMP attenuated cyclic GMPs negative functional and metabolic effects. The effects and the interaction were blunted in the HYP and HYP-FAIL groups. | yes |
16,549,515 | Is clarithromycin an effective immunomodulator in experimental pyelonephritis caused by pan-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae? | {
"contexts": [
"To apply clarithromycin as an immunomodulatory treatment in experimental infection caused by pan-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.",
"Acute pyelonephritis was induced in 80 rabbits after inoculation of the test isolate in the renal pelvis. Rabbits were divided into eight groups, with 10 animal... | Clarithromycin administered intravenously in experimental infection caused by pan-resistant K. pneumoniae attenuated systemic inflammatory response and local tissue damage. This effect is probably attributed to immunomodulatory intervention on blood monocytes. | yes |
16,558,479 | Do hot-Pack and 1-MHz Ultrasound Treatments Have an Additive Effect on Muscle Temperature Increase? | {
"contexts": [
"Therapeutic ultrasound is an effective deep heating modality commonly applied alone or after cooling or heating of the treatment area. The purpose of this study was to examine the tissue temperature rise in the human triceps surae muscle group after ultrasound with prior heating via a silicate ge... | Vigorous increases in deep muscle temperature (>/=4 degrees C) can be reached with 2 to 3 minutes less total sonation time when preheated with a hot pack. Thus, ultrasound and hot packs have an additive effect on intramuscular temperature, but the characteristics of the additive effect are different, primarily because ... | yes |
16,546,743 | Does [ Recombinant human epithelial growth factor accelerate healing of cervical erosion ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To observe the effect of recombinant human epithelial growth factor (rhEGF) in promoting the healing of cervical erosion.",
"Forty-eight patients with cervical erosion were treated with rhEGF and 30 with 500 kHz high-frequency electromagnetic wave, and the effects of the therapies were compar... | rhEGF can obviously accelerate the healing of cervical erosion. | yes |
16,536,804 | Are nocturnal wrist movements correlated with objective clinical scores and plasma chemokine levels in children with atopic dermatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a distressing disease associated with pruritus and sleep disturbance. Scratching due to pruritus is an important mechanism in the exacerbation of AD but is difficult to document in the home environment.",
"To evaluate whether nocturnal wrist activities, defined as av... | This is the first study to demonstrate that wrist activities, nonintrusively measured by the DigiTrac monitor at home, are closely correlated with the objective clinical scores and levels of peripheral blood chemokine markers for AD but not with the reported symptoms of pruritus or sleep loss. We propose that wrist act... | yes |
16,548,899 | Is asthma severity associated with an increase in both blood CXCR3+ and CCR4+ T cells? | {
"contexts": [
"A predominance of type 2 helper T cells (Th2) in the bronchoalveolar space and peripheral blood is a well-accepted feature of bronchial asthma. However, the relationship between peripheral blood Th2 cells and asthma severity has not been thoroughly investigated.",
"As Th1 cells predominantly ... | The proportion of CCR4+ cells in blood memory helper T cells may be increased in patients with asthma and is associated with the level of serum IgE, but severity of asthma is also associated with the increase of blood CXCR3+ cells in memory helper T cells. | yes |
16,545,719 | Does dentin enhance the effectiveness of bioactive glass S53P4 against a strain of Enterococcus faecalis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the current study was to test the impact of dentin powder on the antimicrobial efficacy of bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG).",
"BAG was suspended (preincubated) in saline at 37 degrees C for different time periods with or without human dentin powder, hydroxylapatite, or decalcified dent... | The observed phenomenon was related to an increased BAG dissolution triggered by dentin powder, causing elevated local pH and silica levels. | yes |
16,551,779 | Does a highly sensitive ELISA D-dimer increase testing but not diagnosis of pulmonary embolism? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of introducing a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) D-dimer on the percentage of emergency department (ED) patients evaluated for pulmonary embolism (PE), the use of associated laboratory testing, pulmonary vascular imaging, and the diagnoses of PE.",
"Pat... | In the study's academic ED, introduction of ELISA D-dimer testing was accompanied by an increase in PE evaluations, D-dimer testing, and pulmonary vascular imaging; there was no observed change in the rate of PE diagnosis. | yes |
16,537,669 | Does long term smoking with age build up excessive oxidative stress in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid? | {
"contexts": [
"Epithelial lining fluid plays a critical role in protecting the lung from oxidative stress, in which the oxidised status may change by ageing, smoking history, and pulmonary emphysema.",
"Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 109 young and older subjects with various smoking histories... | Oxidised glutathione associated with excessive protein carbonylation accumulates in the lung of older smokers with long term smoking histories even in the absence of lung diseases, but they are not significantly enhanced in smokers with mild emphysema. | yes |
16,551,731 | Does mitotane have an estrogenic effect on sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Side effects of mitotane (o,p'-DDD) have suggested estrogenic effects.",
"The objective of the study was to explore o,p'-DDD potential estrogenic effect on SHBG and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG).",
"Human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2), lacking estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, and Hep89... | Mitotane increased SHBG/CBG gene expression and liver production by mechanisms requiring the presence of ERalpha. | yes |
16,531,802 | Are tissue factor expression and activity increased in peripheral monocytes isolated from uncomplicated hypertensive patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic hypertension is one of the main risk factors for atherothrombosis. Tissue factor (TF) is found in the adventitia of blood vessels and in the lipid core of atherosclerotic plaques, and is specifically expressed on monocyte or macrophage cell membrane surfaces. TF plays a pivotal role in b... | We demonstrated that TF mRNA and activity levels in monocytes obtained from uncomplicated hypertensive individuals are comparable with those of normotensive subjects, whereas atherosclerotic hypertensive patients showed increased levels of these parameters. | no |
16,531,806 | Is angiotensin II-stimulated collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts mediated by reactive oxygen species? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to determine whether inhibition of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)H] oxidase and of various superoxide generating systems could affect the collagen production, the mRNA and protein expression of collagen types I and III in control and... | Our data show that in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts the membrane-associated NAD(P)H oxidase complex is the predominant source of superoxide anion and reactive oxygen species generation in angiotensin II-stimulated adult cardiac fibroblasts. Inhibition of this NAD(P)H oxidase complex with apocynin completely blocked the... | yes |
16,540,952 | Is hepatic growth hormone resistance during sepsis associated with increased suppressors of cytokine signaling expression and impaired growth hormone signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"During sepsis, a two- to four-fold increase in circulating growth hormone (GH) is seen with 40-50% reductions in plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I. The suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS), inhibitors of cytokine, and growth factor signaling via the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transduce... | Sepsis diminished STAT5 phosphorylation and activity in liver as well as plasma IGF-I following GH administration. Hepatic messenger RNA expression of SOCS-1, SOCS-3, and CIS was transiently increased during abdominal sepsis and temporally associated with the development of hepatic GH resistance. | yes |
16,556,104 | Is survival of critically ill medical patients time-critical? | {
"contexts": [
"Survival from acute coronary syndromes and major trauma has been shown to depend on timely access to definitive treatment. We sought to identify the significance of intensive care unit (ICU) admission delay (lead-time) on the outcome of critically-ill medical patients with other diagnoses.",
... | ICU admission delay (lead-time) is associated with a greater mortality-risk in critically ill medical patients requiring MV and/or RRT. | yes |
16,544,055 | Is tRAIL-receptor expression an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with a primary glioblastoma multiforme? | {
"contexts": [
"In order to improve the survival of patients with a glioblastoma multiforme tumor (GBM), new therapeutic strategies must be developed. The use of a death inducing ligand such as TRAIL (TNF Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand) seems a promising innovative therapy. The aim of this study was to quanti... | TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 expression on tumor cells are independent prognostic factors for survival in patients with a glioblastoma multiforme. Both receptors could be targets for TRAIL therapy. As TRAIL-R2 is more expressed, in comparison with TRAIL-R1, on GBM tumor cells, TRAIL-R2 seems to be of more importance as a targ... | yes |
16,534,456 | Do rewetting drops containing surface active agents improve the clinical performance of silicone hydrogel contact lenses? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of using a rewetting drop (RWD) containing surface active agents (OPTI-FREE RepleniSH; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX) on the clinical performance and protein deposition when using a continuous-wear (CW) silicone hydrogel (SH) contact lens.",
"Su... | The use of a RWD containing surface active agents provided greater subjective satisfaction, reduced lysozyme and total protein deposition, and reduced denatured lysozyme than a RWD containing saline alone. | yes |
16,534,216 | Do cladosporium herbarum and Pityrosporum ovale allergen extracts share cross-reacting glycoproteins? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients sensitized to airborne fungi such as Alternaria alternata and Cladosporium herbarum often also show positive skin prick test results and specific serum IgE antibodies to a yeast, Pityrosporum ovale. We examined whether part of the IgE binding to these fungi is explained by cross-reacting... | Part of the IgE binding to mould and yeast allergen extracts is due to cross-reacting glycoproteins. False-positive IgE and skin prick test results should be taken into account in the diagnosis of mould allergy. | yes |
16,554,388 | Does acute mental stress have a prolonged unfavorable effect on arterial stiffness and wave reflections? | {
"contexts": [
"Large-artery stiffness and arterial wave reflections have been identified as independent markers and prognosticators of cardiovascular risk. Mental stress is a novel risk factor for coronary artery disease and has been associated with left ventricular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia and infarcti... | Acute mental stress results in a prolonged increase in aortic stiffness and wave reflections. Given the important pathophysiologic and prognostic role of these parameters, our results provide important mechanistic links between acute mental stress and increased cardiovascular risk. | yes |
16,554,384 | Do anger suppression and adiposity modulate association between ADRB2 haplotype and cardiovascular stress reactivity? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to examine how variation in the beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2), in combination with the moderating influences of race, body mass index (BMI), and anger expression style (anger-in, anger-out), affects blood pressure (BP) at rest and in response to acute labor... | This study demonstrates modulating influences of BMI and anger expression styles on ADRB2 gene associations with hemodynamic function at rest and in response to laboratory stress. These findings support the hypothesis that consideration of gene-environment interactions may better characterize the role of ADRB2 variatio... | yes |
16,554,223 | Is cT pulmonary angiography the first-line imaging test for acute pulmonary embolism : a survey of US clinicians? | {
"contexts": [
"Our aim is to document current imaging practices for diagnosing acute pulmonary embolism (PE) among physicians practicing in the United States and explore factors associated with these practices.",
"Between September 2004 and February 2005, we surveyed by mail 855 physicians selected at rando... | US clinicians unequivocally prefer CTPA in patients with suspected acute PE. Reasons for this preference include availability and timely reporting, a lower rate of inconclusive results, and the additional diagnostic capabilities that CTPA can provide. | yes |
16,549,972 | Is cortical and subcortical neurodegeneration associated with HIV neurocognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the association of markers of regional neurodegeneration (ND) at autopsy to degree of neurocognitive impairment in persons with HIV.",
"In a prospectively followed cohort of HIV-infected individuals we examined the relationship between antemortem neuropsychological (NP) abilities... | As the anatomic distribution and temporal progression of neuropathologic changes appears to differ across individuals, it is important to consider both cortical and subcortical brain regions in studies of neuropathogenesis and treatment of HIV-related brain disease. Furthermore, combining information from several marke... | yes |
16,536,102 | Do five years follow up of laparoscopic burch colposuspension for stress urinary incontinence in Thai women? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the cure rate and 5 year results of laparoscopic burch colposuspension for stress urinary incontinence in Thai women.",
"Twenty one Thai women with stress urinary incontinence attending the gynecology clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial hospital were recruited. Pre operative clinic... | The authors found that the cure rate was rather low in laparoscopic burch colposuspension. Due to the long operative time, the requirement of complicated instruments and well trained physicians, the authors suggested that this technique should be selected only in cases of women with concomitant gynecologic disease that... | yes |
16,533,239 | Do effect of a single overnight topical application of miconazole nitrate paste on acne papules? | {
"contexts": [
"The classical management of acne calls for prolonged oral and/or topical treatments; however, some patients request a rapid effect to make the papules disappear within a few hours or days.",
"To test the effect of a single overnight application of a paste containing 0.25% miconazole nitrate o... | A single overnight application of miconazole nitrate paste appears to reduce the erythematous aspect of acne papules. | yes |
16,554,386 | Is depression associated with cardiac symptoms , mortality risk , and hospitalization among women with suspected coronary disease : the NHLBI-sponsored WISE study? | {
"contexts": [
"Depression is a robust predictor of cardiovascular risk. In this study, we examined the association between depression measured in terms of symptom severity and treatment history, cardiac symptom presentation, and clinical outcomes among a sample of women with suspected myocardial ischemia.",
... | Among a sample of women with suspected myocardial ischemia, depression was associated with cardiac symptoms and health outcomes over follow-up. The findings extend the range of depression effects by demonstrating relationships within a sample of women experiencing symptoms of myocardial ischemia but showing a relative ... | yes |
16,549,258 | Do iCF and ICD codes provide a standard language of disability in young children? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to examine the utility of a hierarchical algorithm incorporating codes from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health--ICF (WHO, 2001) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases-ICD (WHO, 1994) to classify reasons for eligib... | The results demonstrate that ICD and ICF can be jointly used as a common language to document disability characteristics of children in early intervention. | yes |
16,541,938 | Does the Tardieu Scale differentiate contracture from spasticity whereas the Ashworth Scale is confounded by it? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the Tardieu Scale as a clinical measure of spasticity after stroke with the Ashworth Scale.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"Sixteen people, living in the community three years after their stroke.",
"The Ashworth Scale and Tardieu Scale as well as laboratory measures of spastic... | In all cases that spasticity was overestimated by the Ashworth Scale, participants had a contracture. These findings suggest that the Tardieu Scale differentiates spasticity from contracture whereas the Ashworth Scale is confounded by it. | yes |
16,540,604 | Are multispecialty stroke services in California hospitals associated with reduced mortality? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate whether 1) a dedicated, multispecialty service, 2) a distinct hospital ward, 3) protocols, and 4) a specialist are associated with reduced mortality among patients with stroke.",
"The authors reviewed data (1998 and 1999) from all acute, non-federal hospitals in California, includ... | Dedicated, multispecialty stroke services are underutilized despite their association with reduced stroke mortality at both academic and non-academic hospitals. | yes |
16,539,824 | Does anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade improve insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Since insulin resistance can promote endothelial dysfunction and anti-TNF-alpha blockade yield a rapid improvement of endothelial ... | Our study confirms a rapid beneficial effect of infliximab on insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in RA patients treated periodically with this drug. It may support the long-term use of drugs that act blocking TNF-alpha function to reduce the mechanisms implicated in the development of atherosclerosis in patient... | yes |
16,549,689 | Do prevalent esophageal body motility disorders underlie aggravation of GERD symptoms in morbidly obese patients following adjustable gastric banding? | {
"contexts": [
"Preexisting gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and esophageal motility disorders may affect the outcome of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (AGB).",
"Prospective cohort study.",
"Tertiary referral center.",
"Between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2002, AGB procedures wer... | Adjustable gastric banding provides a sufficient antireflux barrier in most of the obese patients with GERD. However, in patients with preoperatively defective esophageal body motility, AGB may aggravate GERD symptoms and esophageal dilatation. Alternative bariatric surgical procedures should be considered in these pat... | yes |
16,540,603 | Does selegiline slow the progression of the symptoms of Parkinson disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the long-term effects of selegiline in monotherapy and in combination with levodopa in the early phase of Parkinson disease (PD).",
"One hundred fifty-seven de novo PD patients were randomized in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 7 years' duration. In the monotherapy part, ... | The results of this long-term study confirm earlier findings indicating that selegiline delays the progression of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease. | yes |
16,557,159 | Is d-lactate a reliable marker of gut ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model of supraceliac aortic clamping? | {
"contexts": [
"D-lactate is the dextrorotatory form of L-lactate. L-lactate is the isomer routinely tested in clinical practice to assess cell hypoxemia. D-lactate has been recently proposed as a specific marker of gut ischemia-reperfusion (IR), particularly after surgery for ruptured aortic aneurysms. We sough... | D-lactate is not a reliable marker of gut IR in our model of supraceliac aortic clamping in rats. | no |
16,530,615 | Does predictors of support for environmental tobacco smoke ban in state government? | {
"contexts": [
"Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a major threat to public health, associated with a number of serious diseases, and a leading cause of death. Previous research demonstrates that enactment of government policies mandating clean indoor air is effective in creating more smoke-free public places ... | Both the harms of ETS and legislation to create smoke-free environments remain controversial among local officials. Smoke-free advocates should support officials who believe that ETS is a problem and persuade officials on the harms of ETS and the need for government intervention. | yes |
16,539,736 | Does cardiovascular system in larval zebrafish respond to developmental hypoxia in a family specific manner? | {
"contexts": [
"Genetic and environmental variation are both known to influence development. Evolution of a developmental response that is optimized to the environment (adaptive plasticity) requires the existence of genetic variation for that developmental response. In complex traits composed of integrated sets ... | Zebrafish families vary in their plastic response to hypoxia. Genetic variation in plastic response to hypoxia may therefore provide the basic ingredient for adaptation to a variable environment. Considerable variation in the degree of familial response to hypoxia exists between different cardiovascular traits that may... | yes |
16,556,162 | Is long-term renal function after liver transplantation related to calcineurin inhibitors blood levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Renal dysfunction is common after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of renal dysfunction 5 yr after LT and to identify risk factors for the development of this complication.",
"A total of 134 adult patients underwent LT from 1987 to 1998 and 74.6% o... | 5 yr after LT, patients have lost 26% of their initial GFR and 25% of them have a GFR < 50 mL/min. This complication is predicted by high levels of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI). Therefore CNI levels should be reduced as low as possible and use of alternative drugs should be considered. | yes |
16,545,922 | Does perineural invasion on prostate needle biopsy predict biochemical failure following brachytherapy for prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if the presence of perineural invasion (PNI) predicts biochemical recurrence in patients who underwent low-dose-rate brachytherapy for the treatment of localized prostate cancer.",
"A retrospective case control matching study was performed. The records of 651 patients treated wit... | Perineural invasion is not a significant predictor of biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing brachytherapy for prostate cancer. | no |
16,545,920 | Is prostatic irradiation associated with any measurable increase in the risk of subsequent rectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate a putative increased risk of rectal cancer subsequent to prostatic radiotherapy.",
"In an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry, we compared men who had radiotherapy for prostatic carcinoma with those treated surgically and those treated with neit... | An increased frequency of rectal cancer after prostatic irradiation, apparent on crude analysis, could be attributed to age confounding and other unmeasured confounders associated with prostate cancer treatment and rectal cancer risk. | no |
16,530,525 | Are polyclonal T-cell responses to cytochrome P450IID6 associated with disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2? | {
"contexts": [
"Autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (AIH-2), a severe juvenile liver disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, is characterized by liver-kidney microsomal antibody type 1 targeting cytochrome P450IID6 (CYP2D6) and is associated to HLA DRB1*07. Although CYP2D6 B-cell reactivity has been extensively c... | These data imply that the T-cell response to CYP2D6 in AIH-2 is polyclonal, involves multiple effector types targeting different epitopes, and is associated with hepatocyte damage, knowledge that should form the basis for a more refined therapeutic approach. | yes |
16,530,522 | Is hepatitis B virus replication regulated by the acetylation status of hepatitis B virus cccDNA-bound H3 and H4 histones? | {
"contexts": [
"HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), the replicative intermediate responsible for persistent HBV infection of hepatocytes, is the template for transcription of all viral mRNAs. Nuclear cccDNA accumulates as a stable episome organized into minichromosomes by histone and nonhistone proteins... | We developed a ChIP-based assay to analyze, in vitro and ex vivo, the transcriptional regulation of HBV cccDNA minichromosome. Our results provide new insights on the regulation of HBV replication and identify the enzymatic activities that modulate the acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones as new therapeutic targets for... | yes |
16,553,953 | Do male pheromone protein components activate female vomeronasal neurons in the salamander Plethodon shermani? | {
"contexts": [
"The mental gland pheromone of male Plethodon salamanders contains two main protein components: a 22 kDa protein named Plethodon Receptivity Factor (PRF) and a 7 kDa protein named Plethodon Modulating Factor (PMF), respectively. Each protein component individually has opposing effects on female co... | This study suggests that two specific populations of female vomeronasal neurons are responsible for responding to each of the two components of the male pheromone mixture. These two neural populations, therefore, could express different receptors which, in turn, transmit different information to the brain, thus account... | yes |
16,534,695 | Is one fracture enough ! Experience with a prospective and consecutive osteoporosis screening program with 239 fracture patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Fracture and low bone mineral density both have strong predictive value for future fractures. The risk of future fractures can be reduced by medi-cal treatment if patients with osteoporosis are identified, for example by screening fracture patients for low bone mineral density. We suggest that th... | Screening of fracture patients who visit an orthopedics department appears to be an effective way of identifying individuals with low bone mineral density. The screening routines can be organized as an osteoporosis team consisting of a doctor, a nurse and a secretary at each department. Today, these patients are largel... | yes |
16,534,698 | Does systemic zoledronate precoating of a bone graft reduce bone resorption during remodeling? | {
"contexts": [
"Cartilage degeneration often occurs after osteosynthesis of a devascularized intermediary fragment in a joint fracture, in mosaicplasty or in whole-joint toe-to-finger transplantation. Hypothetically, the degeneration is secondary to a collapse of the transferred subchondral bone as it remodels d... | A bone graft can be pretreated with bisphosphonate and remain protected against resorption once implanted again. | yes |
16,538,114 | Does autonomic response to standardized stress predict subsequent disease activity in ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Prospective studies of the role of psychological stress in ulcerative colitis are inconsistent or show a modest relationship. We tested the hypothesis that individual differences in autonomic function are associated with differences in the disease course of ulcerative colitis.",
"The spectral... | An atypical pattern of autonomic reactivity may be a marker of individual differences in stress regulation that has prognostic significance in ulcerative colitis. | yes |
16,545,386 | Is vasodilation in resistance arteries related to the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio in the elderly : the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors ( PIVUS ) study? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have shown the apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A1 ratio (apoB/A1) to be superior to LDL-cholesterol measurements to predict cardiovascular events. The present study aims to relate apoB/A1 to endothelium-dependent vasodilation, an early marker of atherosclerosis, in the Prospecti... | The apoB/A1 levels, but not LDL-cholesterol, were inversely related to endothelium-dependent vasodilation evaluated by EDV and pulse wave analysis, but not by FMD. Also EIDV showed the same pattern, suggesting a general deterioration in vasoreactivity mainly in resistance arteries in elderly subjects with high apoB/A1 ... | yes |
16,555,242 | Is repeat hepatic resection for recurrent colorectal liver metastases associated with favourable long-term survival? | {
"contexts": [
"The management of patients with recurrent colorectal liver metastases (RCLM) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine whether repeat liver resection for RCLM could be performed with acceptable morbidity, mortality and long-term survival.",
"Of 1121 consecutive liver resections per... | The beneficial outcomes observed after repeat liver resection in selected patients with RCLM confirm the experience of others and support its status as the preferred choice of treatment for such patients. | yes |
16,537,580 | Does a multifaceted intervention improve patient satisfaction and perceptions of emergency department care? | {
"contexts": [
". We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention, targeting staff-patient communication, in improving emergency department patient satisfaction.",
"We undertook a pre- and post-intervention study in a university-affiliated emergency department, over a 12-month period. T... | Significant improvements in a variety of patient satisfaction measures were achieved with an intervention comprising staff communication workshops, a patient education film, and a patient liaison nurse. | yes |
16,534,178 | Are bronchoalveolar lavage fluid D dimer levels higher and more prevalent in black patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Abnormalities of lung coagulation and fibrinolysis in sarcoidosis are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.",
"We previously showed that bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) D dimer directly correlated with various measures of severity in sarcoidosis. Here, we analyze our... | BALF D dimer is an indicator of lung fibrin formation and degradation in sarcoidosis. The relationship of high D dimer levels with greater BAL lymphocytosis and worse lung function may be a marker of active sarcoidosis, especially in African-Americans who tend to suffer a more serious form of the disease. | yes |
16,541,479 | Is evidence-based medicine affordable : the cost-effectiveness of current compared with optimal treatment in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the cost-effectiveness of averting the burden of disease. We used secondary population data and metaanalyses of various government-funded services and interventions to investigate the costs and benefits of various levels of treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (... | While the precise dollar costs in each country will differ, the relativities at this level of coverage should remain the same. There is no evidence that closing the gap between evidence and practice would result in a drop in efficiency. | yes |
16,551,998 | Do bone marrow diffusion measures correlate with dementia severity in HIV patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Escalation in monocyte trafficking from the bone marrow into the brain may play a critical role in central nervous system injury and cognitive deterioration in patients with HIV infection. This study tested the hypothesis that the mean diffusivity is sensitive to marrow changes in HIV patients an... | The results of this investigation support the utility of diffusion strategies for monitoring the marrow and provide further evidence of a relationship between marrow status changes and neurologic progression in HIV patients. | yes |
16,553,729 | Do mechanisms of Bacillus subtilis spore killing by and resistance to an acidic Fe-EDTA-iodide-ethanol formulation? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the mechanisms of Bacillus subtilis spore killing by and resistance to an acidic solution containing Fe(3+), EDTA, KI and ethanol termed the KMT reagent.",
"Wild-type B. subtilis spores were not mutagenized by the KMT reagent but the wild-type and recA spores were killed at the s... | The KMT reagent does not kill spores by DNA damage and a major factor in spore resistance to this reagent is the spore coat. KMT reagent treatment damages the spore's ability to germinate, perhaps by damaging the spore's inner membrane. However, this damage is not oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. | yes |
16,533,415 | Does the presence of emphysema further impair physiologic function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Emphysema, especially in the upper lobes, is frequently observed in association with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the combination of emphysema plus IPF has received little attention.",
"To investigate the additional functional impairment from emphysema in IPF patients.",
... | In former smokers with IPF, the presence and the extent of emphysema have a profound influence on physiologic function in terms of both further impairment and confounding effects. | yes |
16,556,852 | Does lXR-induced redistribution of ABCG1 to plasma membrane in macrophages enhance cholesterol mass efflux to HDL? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines the ABCG1-mediated cholesterol efflux and intracellular cholesterol transport by studying the ABCG1 localization and function in macrophages.",
"HEK 293 cell overexpressing ABCG1, RNA interference, or macrophages from ABCG1 or ABCG4 knockout mice were used. ABCG1 but not A... | LXR activation induces redistribution of ABCG1 from intracellular sites to the plasma membrane and increases cholesterol mass efflux to HDL in an ABCG1-dependent fashion. ABCG1 acts in the macrophage plasma membrane to increase the availability of cholesterol to a variety of lipoprotein and nonlipoprotein acceptors whi... | yes |
16,556,853 | Does apelin stimulate myosin light chain phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Physiological roles of apelin and its specific receptor APJ signaling were investigated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The present study determined whether apelin activates myosin light chain (MLC), a major regulatory event in initiating smooth muscle contraction.",
"To assess MLC a... | These results provide the first evidence to our knowledge for apelin-mediated MLC phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, which is a potential mechanism of apelin-mediated vasoconstriction. | yes |
16,533,593 | Does a novel dairy product fermented with Propionibacterium freudenreichii improve the riboflavin status of deficient rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Riboflavin deficiency is common in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. The use of riboflavin-producing strains in the production of dairy products such as fermented milk, yogurt, and cheese is feasible and economically attractive because it would decrease the costs invo... | Consumption of such products with increased levels of riboflavin on a regular basis may help prevent deficiencies of this essential vitamin. | yes |
16,532,978 | Do gender and race/ethnicity affect the cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening? | {
"contexts": [
"Colorectal cancer screening beginning at age 50 is recommended for all Americans considered at average risk for the development of colorectal cancer regardless of gender or race/ethnicity. We determined the influence of gender and race/ethnicity on the cost-effectiveness of recommended colorectal... | Screening is most cost-effective in black men because of high age-specific colorectal cancer incidence rates. Initiation of colorectal cancer screening in this high-risk group prior to age 50 should be strongly considered. | yes |
16,552,803 | Does altered blood-brain barrier permeability in rats with prehepatic portal hypertension turn to normal when portal pressure is lowered? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the blood-brain barrier integrity in prehepatic portal hypertensive rats induced by partial portal vein ligation,at 14 and 40 d after ligation when portal pressure is spontaneously normalized.",
"Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group I: Sham14d , sham operated; ... | The impairment of blood-brain barrier and subsequent normalization could be a mechanism involved in hepatic encephalopathy reversibility.Hemodynamic changes and ammonia could trigger blood-brain barrier alterations and its reestablishment. | yes |
16,543,543 | Are sleep disorders long-term sequelae of both bacterial and viral meningitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Many bacterial meningitis patients experience neurological or neuropsychological sequelae, predominantly deficits in short-term memory, learning, and attention. Neuropsychological symptoms after viral meningitis are observed less frequently. Sleep disturbance has been reported after both viral an... | Impaired sleep is a long-term consequence of meningitis. Additional, so far undetermined, factors other than the severity of concomitant neurological deficits are responsible for the development of this sequela. | yes |
16,531,591 | Do multiple centrally acting antidotes protect against severe organophosphate toxicity? | {
"contexts": [
"Accumulation of acetylcholine in the central nervous system is believed to account for the rapid lethality of organophosphate pesticides and chemical nerve agents. Diazepam is known to supplement atropine therapy, but its specific mechanism of action is uncertain.",
"To test four centrally ac... | Doses of diazepam, xylazine, and morphine below those used for deep sedation protect against severe dichlorvos poisoning, implying that several distinct central mechanisms are each sufficient to avert lethality. These findings suggest new possibilities for prophylaxis or therapy. | yes |
16,531,592 | Does sT segment elevation differ depending on the method of measurement? | {
"contexts": [
"The literature seldom specifies the location or method of measurement of ST segment elevation (STE) for determining eligibility in reperfusion trials. The objective of this study was to assess if different methods of measurement of STE in precordial leads of patients with anterior acute myocardia... | In anterior STE myocardial infarction, STE measurements produce different results depending on the method of measurement. Future clinical trials should specify the method of measurement. | yes |
16,547,976 | Do hemodynamic effects of subclavian steal phenomenon on contralateral vertebral artery? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased blood flow velocity in the contralateral vertebral artery (VA) is a common finding in subclavian steal syndrome, but its clinical relevance is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the degree of velocity increase in the contralateral VA correlated with the severity... | The degree of flow velocity increase in the contralateral VA artery correlates well with the severity of subclavian steal phenomenon. | yes |
16,553,027 | Are polymorphisms of estrogen receptor beta gene associated with hypospadias? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypospadias is a common male congenital urethral malformation, defined as the displacement of the urethral meatus ventrally from the tip of the glans penis. The importance of androgen receptor in male external genitalia development has been well recognized. Recently, the presence of active estrog... | Our results suggest that variations in the ESR2 might influence susceptibility to hypospadias. | yes |
16,549,372 | Does calcitonin directly attenuate collagen type II degradation by inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activity in articular chondrocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcitonin was recently reported to counter progression of cartilage degradation in an experimental model of osteoarthritis, and the effects were primarily suggested to be mediated by inhibition of subchondral bone resorption. We investigated direct effects of calcitonin on chondrocytes by assess... | These results are the first evidence of calcitonin receptor expression on articular chondrocytes and that the chondroprotective effects of calcitonin might involve the inhibition of MMP expression. | yes |
16,545,350 | Does postconditioning protect rabbit hearts through a protein kinase C-adenosine A2b receptor cascade? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemic postconditioning protects the reperfused heart from infarction, and this protection is dependent on the occupancy of adenosine receptors. We further explored the role of adenosine receptors in this salvage.",
"In situ rabbit hearts underwent 30 min of regional ischemia and 3 h of rep... | Salvage of ischemic myocardium by postconditioning is dependent on activation of A2b receptors, which in turn depends on activation of PKC. It is still unclear why PKC activation is required to make the heart's adenosine become protective. | yes |
16,547,090 | Does buprenorphine induce ceiling in respiratory depression but not in analgesia? | {
"contexts": [
"We measured the effect of two weight adjusted i.v. doses (0.2 mg per 70 kg and 0.4 mg per 70 kg) of the potent opioid buprenorphine on analgesia and respiratory depression in healthy volunteers. The aim of the study was to compare buprenorphine's behaviour with respect to the occurrence of ceilin... | While buprenorphine's analgesic effect increased significantly, respiratory depression was similar in magnitude and timing for the two doses tested. We conclude that over the dose range tested buprenorphine displays ceiling in respiratory effect but none in analgesic effect. | yes |
16,531,145 | Does inosine reduce microcirculatory disturbance and inflammatory organ damage in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite improvement in the management of severe necrotizing pancreatitis, mortality remains high. Today, no specific treatment exists. Inflammatory cascades and microcirculatory disturbances play a key role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate th... | Prophylactic inosine reduces microcirculatory and pancreatic injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis. These effects should be assessed in the clinical setting of ERCP and pancreas transplantation. | yes |
16,534,874 | Does neutrophil depletion -- but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation -- decrease the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether neutrophil depletion and Kupffer cell inhibition might combine their protective effects to decrease the severity of acute pancreatitis.",
"Mice had cerulein administration to induce acute pancreatitis and were pretreated with either anti-mouse neutrophil serum or gadolini... | Our results confirm the role of activated neutrophils in aggravating organ injury in acute pancreatitis while the role of Kupffer cell activation is less obvious. | yes |
16,538,384 | Is p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinases required for counteraction of 2-methoxyestradiol to estradiol-stimulated cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells via phosphorylation Bcl-2? | {
"contexts": [
"2-Methoxyestradiol (2ME2), a natural endogenous product of estradiol (E2) metabolism, has been shown to be a selective apoptotic agent for cancer cells but not for normal cells. In this study, we determined that 2ME2 counteracts E2-stimulated cell growth and induces apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma... | Our data suggest that 2ME2 inhibits E2-stimulated proliferation and induces apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells. Furthermore, activation of p38 and phosphorylation of Bcl-2 plays a critical role in the mechanism. 2ME2 therefore, may have a clinical application for the treatment of ovarian cancer. | yes |
16,532,711 | Does continuous positive airway pressure therapy lower vagal tone in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Sleep apnoea, which constitutes a major social problem because of its high prevalence and its emerging association with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, is known to affect autonomic nervous system activity. We assessed the hypothesis that treatment of sleep apnoea patients with continuous ... | The indices that reflect parasympathetic activity are increased during the night in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. CPAP treatment reduces the night time vagal indices of HRV to resemble those of normal controls. The reduction of parasympathetic activity may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the... | yes |
16,534,787 | Is hypermethylation of the TSLC1/IGSF4 promoter associated with tobacco smoking and a poor prognosis in primary nonsmall cell lung carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The tumor suppressor gene TSLC1/IGSF4 on chromosomal region 11q23 is frequently inactivated by promoter methylation in various cancers, including nonsmall cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Several studies have demonstrated that the hypermethylation of the CpG islands of genes, including tumor suppress... | TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation is associated with tobacco smoking and could be an indicator of poor prognosis. | yes |
16,554,086 | Is hPV-induced carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix associated with reduced serum ATRA level? | {
"contexts": [
"In uterine cervical cancer, certain oncogenic HPV types are considered as key etiologic factor. But the progression of HPV associated cervical precancerous lesions depends on many other factors such as oncogenes, immune system, anti-viral factors etc. This study is therefore focused on the effect... | All these results suggest that the serum ATRA level highly influences the progression of cervical lesions to invasive cancer and can be therefore aimed as a marker for progression in combination with HPV-16/18, which helps to enhance the modalities of therapy towards cost effectiveness. | yes |
16,533,257 | Is chronic myocardial infarction a substrate for bradycardia-induced spontaneous tachyarrhythmias and sudden death in conscious animals? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with bradycardia can have severe tachyarrhythmias but it is unclear whether bradycardia alone can induce arrhythmias or whether an additional substrate is necessary. While several animal models of ventricular tachycardia (VT) exist, no model has been reported to mimic the clinical condit... | The combination of MI and bradycardia secondary to AV node ablation in sheep produces a higher incidence of VT than bradycardia alone, suggesting that this preparation can serve as a model for the study of VT and sudden cardiac death. | yes |
16,533,252 | Does biventricular pacing have an advantage over left ventricular epicardial pacing alone to minimize proarrhythmic perturbation of repolarization? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) by simultaneous biventricular pacing is now widely accepted as a new therapeutic option for patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF). Recent studies have shown comparable hemodynamic benefits of left ventricular (LV) pacing alone. The clinical us... | LV(epi)P causes much greater increase in spatial dispersion of ventricular repolarization than BiVP in CHF patients. BiVP may have a substantial advantage over LV(epi)P to minimize the proarrhythmic perturbation of ventricular repolarization in association with CRT. | yes |
16,534,701 | Does mixing bone graft with OP-1 improve cup or stem fixation in revision surgery of the hip : 5-year follow-up of 10 acetabular and 11 femoral study cases and 40 control cases? | {
"contexts": [
"Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have the potential to improve incorporation of allograft bone in revision surgery. This could result in improved fixation and graft incorporation.",
"We evaluated the effect of mixing OP-1 (BMP-7) with morselized allograft in hip revisions. In a case-control... | The sample size and study design in our evaluation did not allow any firm conclusions. Absence of any trend to improved fixation and early revisions in the study group prompted us to stop recruitment to this study. | no |
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