pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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26,850,090 | Do patients with perianal Crohn 's disease have poor disease outcomes after primary bowel resection? | {
"contexts": [
"The presence of perianal disease in Crohn's disease patients is one of the factors of postoperative recurrence. The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term prognosis of perianal Crohn's disease patients in Asian.",
"Patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone surgical bowel resection w... | Patients with Crohn's disease and perianal lesions had a higher risk of reoperation. Considering these findings, physicians should consider aggressive and early top down therapy for patients with perianal Crohn's disease. | yes |
26,872,462 | Is effector function of CTLs increased by irradiated colorectal tumor cells that modulate OX-40L and 4-1BBL and is reversed following dual blockade? | {
"contexts": [
"Sub-lethal doses of ionizing radiation (IR) can alter the phenotype of target tissue by modulating genes that influence effector T cell activity. Previous studies indicate that cancer cells respond to radiation by up-regulating surface expression of death receptors, cell adhesion molecules and tu... | Overall, results of this study suggest that, beyond simply rendering tumor cells more sensitive to immune attack, radiation can be used to specifically modulate expression of genes that directly stimulate effector T cell activity. | yes |
26,856,904 | Are responses in Rat Core Auditory Cortex Preserved during Sleep Spindle Oscillations? | {
"contexts": [
"Sleep is defined as a reversible state of reduction in sensory responsiveness and immobility. A long-standing hypothesis suggests that a high arousal threshold during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep is mediated by sleep spindle oscillations, impairing thalamocortical transmission of incoming ... | Responses in core auditory cortex are well preserved regardless of sleep spindles recorded in that area, suggesting that thalamocortical sensory relay remains functional during sleep spindles, and that sensory disconnection in sleep is mediated by other mechanisms. | yes |
26,856,905 | Are the Benefits of Targeted Memory Reactivation for Consolidation in Sleep Contingent on Memory Accuracy and Direct Cue-Memory Associations? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate how the effects of targeted memory reactivation (TMR) are influenced by memory accuracy prior to sleep and the presence or absence of direct cue-memory associations.",
"30 participants associated each of 50 pictures with an unrelated word and then with a screen location in two ... | TMR provides the greatest benefit to memories recalled with a low degree of accuracy prior to sleep. The memory benefits of TMR may also be contingent on direct cue-memory associations. | yes |
26,872,788 | Does intratumoral heterogeneity of ( 18 ) F-FDG uptake predict survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether intratumoral heterogeneity measured by (18)F-FDG PET texture analysis has potential as a prognostic imaging biomarker in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).",
"We evaluated a cohort of 137 patients with newly diagnosed PDAC who underwent pretreatment (18)F... | Intratumoral heterogeneity of (18)F-FDG uptake measured by PET texture analysis is an independent predictor of survival along with tumour stage and serum CA19-9 level in patients with PDAC. In addition, first-order entropy as a measure of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity is a better quantitative imaging biomarker o... | yes |
26,849,999 | Does anodal Cerebellar Direct Current Stimulation reduce Facilitation of Propriospinal Neurons in Healthy Humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Coordinated muscle synergies in the human upper limb are controlled, in part, by a neural distribution network located in the cervical spinal cord, known as the cervical propriospinal system. Studies in the cat and non-human primate indicate the cerebellum is indirectly connected to this system v... | The results of this study indicate dissociated indirect control over cervical PNs by the cerebellum in humans. Anodal DCS of the cerebellum reduced excitability in the facilitatory descending pathway with no effect on the inhibitory pathway to cervical PNs. The reduction in PN excitability is likely secondary to modula... | yes |
26,849,998 | Is intracortical Inhibition Assessed with Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modulated during Shortening and Lengthening Contractions in Young and Old Adults? | {
"contexts": [
"The modulation of intracortical inhibition is thought to be impaired in older adults, which may contribute to their reduced fine motor control, particularly during lengthening muscle contractions.",
"To quantify the magnitude of intracortical inhibition and movement performance during postura... | Shortening and lengthening contractions with a constant load are associated with a modulation of GABAergic inhibition that is altered by healthy ageing. | yes |
26,874,433 | Does the use of pilocarpine eye drop for estimating the time since death? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to estimate the time since death using pilocarpine eye drops.",
"In this study, 100 postmortem cases with known time of death were included. In each case, the left pupil was measured in millimeter units using a vernier caliper, and pilocarpine eye drops were ap... | The present study showed that pilocarpine eye drops can be used to estimate the time since death. | yes |
26,869,772 | Do patterns of analgesic adherence predict health care utilization among outpatients with cancer pain? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies in chronic noncancer pain settings have found that opioid use increases health care utilization. Despite the key role of analgesics, specifically opioids, in the setting of cancer pain, there is no literature to our knowledge about the relationship between adherence to prescribed around-t... | Inconsistent adherence to prescribed ATC analgesics, specifically the interaction of strong opioids and inconsistent adherence, is a strong risk factor for hospitalization among cancer outpatients with pain. | yes |
26,875,746 | Is reduction of CRKL expression in patients with partial DiGeorge syndrome associated with impairment of T-cell functions? | {
"contexts": [
"Partial DiGeorge syndrome (pDGS) is caused by deletion of the 22q11.2 region. Within this region lies CrK-like (CRKL), a gene encoding an adapter protein belonging to the Crk family that is involved in the signaling cascade of IL-2, stromal cell-derived factor 1α, and type I interferon. Although ... | The impaired T-cell proliferation and reduction of CRKL, phosphorylated CRKL, and c-Fos levels suggest a possible role of CRKL in functional deficiencies of T cells in patients with pDGS. | yes |
26,859,683 | Does next-generation sequencing reveal somatic mutations that confer exceptional response to everolimus? | {
"contexts": [
"Given the modest responses to everolimus, a mTOR inhibitor, in multiple tumor types, there is a pressing need to identify predictive biomarkers for this drug. Using targeted ultra-deep sequencing, we aimed to explore genomic alterations that confer extreme sensitivity to everolimus.",
"We col... | Regardless of different cancer types, mTOR-pathway-activating mutations confer sensitivity to everolimus. Targeted sequencing of mTOR pathway genes facilitates identification of potential candidates for mTOR inhibitors. | yes |
26,875,609 | Is zinc finger protein A20 involved in the antipsoriatic effect of calcipotriol? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcipotriol ameliorates psoriasis through inducing keratinocyte apoptosis and inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, while zinc finger protein A20 exhibits an anti-apoptotic effect on various types of cells.",
"To understand the potential role of A20 in calcipotriol function."... | Calcipotriol exhibits its antipsoriatic function through suppressing A20 expression and stabilizing negative regulators of the NF-κB pathway. | yes |
26,877,088 | Do globally distributed Xyleborus species reveal recurrent intercontinental dispersal in a landscape of ancient worldwide distributions? | {
"contexts": [
"Invasive species can have devastating effects on native ecosystems and therefore impose a significant threat to human welfare. The introduction rate of invasive species has accelerated dramatically in recent times due to human activity (anthropogenic effects), with a steadily growing pool of wide... | Our results indicate that current human-aided transoceanic dispersal has strongly affected the genetic makeup of three of the species in this study. However, current biogeographical patterns of all four species are equally, if not more strongly, influenced by ancient establishment on different continents. | yes |
26,872,061 | Are cerebrospinal fluid chitinase-3-like 2 and chitotriosidase potential prognostic biomarkers in early multiple sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of chitinases and chitinase-like proteins in multiple sclerosis (MS) is currently unknown; however, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) predict prognosis in early MS. Whether this applies to other chitinases and chitinase-like proteins is yet to be established... | CHI3L2 and chitotriosidase are promising biomarkers in patients with a first demyelinating episode. Our findings thus support a role for these proteins as biomarkers in early MS. | yes |
26,863,400 | Does artesunate protect Against the Organ Injury and Dysfunction Induced by Severe Hemorrhage and Resuscitation? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effects of artesunate on organ injury and dysfunction associated with hemorrhagic shock (HS) in the rat.",
"HS is still a common cause of death in severely injured patients and is characterized by impairment of organ perfusion, systemic inflammatory response, and multiple orga... | Artesunate attenuated the organ injury/dysfunction associated with HS by a mechanism that involves the activation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase survival pathway, and the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and nuclear factor kappa B. A phase II clinical trial evaluating the effects of good manufact... | yes |
26,858,687 | Do iGF-Binding Proteins in Type-1 Diabetes Are More Severely Altered in the Presence of Complications? | {
"contexts": [
"Reduced levels of free and total insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) have been observed in type-1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The bioavailability of IGF-I from the circulation to the target cells is controlled by multifunctional IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs). The aim of this study was to profile se... | We found that elevated serum levels of IGFBP-1, -2, and -6 were associated with T1D, and its complications and IGFBP-3 level was found to be decreased in T1D with complications. Given the known role of these IGFBPs, the overall impact of these alterations suggests a negative effect on IGF signaling. | yes |
26,879,229 | Does endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor mediate Diet-Induced Aortic Stiffness in Females? | {
"contexts": [
"Enhanced activation of the mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) in cardiovascular tissues increases oxidative stress, maladaptive immune responses, and inflammation with associated functional vascular abnormalities. We previously demonstrated that consumption of a Western diet (WD) for 16 weeks resu... | Increased ECMR signaling associated with consumption of a WD plays a key role in endothelial sodium channel activation, reduced nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, and inflammation that lead to aortic remodeling and stiffness in female mice. | yes |
26,865,131 | Does dexmedetomidine post-treatment induce neuroprotection via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in rats with subarachnoid haemorrhage? | {
"contexts": [
"Dexmedetomidine, a sedative agent, provides neuroprotection when administered during or before brain ischaemia. This study was designed to determine whether dexmedetomidine post-treatment induces neuroprotection against subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and the mechanisms for this effect.",
"Sub... | Dexmedetomidine post-treatment provides neuroprotection against SAH. This effect appears to be mediated by ERK. | yes |
26,864,664 | Is stress urinary incontinence highly prevalent in recreationally active women attending gyms or exercise classes? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in recreationally active women attending gyms or exercise classes.",
"Data were collected on the frequency and severity of incontinence and the prevalence of SUI risk factors; screening for PFM dysf... | Urinary incontinence is common in women attending gyms or exercise classes, but is rarely screened for. More education is required to encourage fitness leaders to screen exercise participants and to provide PFM-'friendly" modifications. | yes |
26,857,418 | Does comparative transcriptome profiling of the injured zebrafish and mouse hearts identify miRNA-dependent repair pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"The adult mammalian heart has poor regenerative capacity. In contrast, the zebrafish heart retains a robust capacity for regeneration into adulthood. These distinct responses are consequences of a differential utilization of evolutionary-conserved gene regulatory networks in the damaged heart. To... | This novel strategy identifies a series of miRNAs and associated pathways, in particular miR-26a, which represent attractive therapeutic targets for inducing repair in the injured heart. | yes |
26,865,074 | Does c-reactive protein increase with gestational age during pregnancy among Chinese women? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP) in relation to gestational weeks during pregnancy among Chinese women.",
"From a randomized control trial of prenatal supplementation with folic acid, iron-folic acid, and multiple micronutrients in China, we examined 834 pregnant women... | We concluded that CRP increased with gestational age among healthy Chinese women who delivered healthy infants. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:574-579, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | yes |
26,865,506 | Are pectic polysaccharides attacked by hydroxyl radicals in ripening fruit : evidence from a fluorescent fingerprinting method? | {
"contexts": [
"Many fruits soften during ripening, which is important commercially and in rendering the fruit attractive to seed-dispersing animals. Cell-wall polysaccharide hydrolases may contribute to softening, but sometimes appear to be absent. An alternative hypothesis is that hydroxyl radicals ((•)OH) non... | GalA-pAMAC arises from pectic reducing termini, formed by any of three proposed chain-cleaving agents ((•)OH, endopolygalacturonase and pectate lyase), any of which could cause its ripening-related increase. In contrast, pAMAC·UA-GalA conjugates are diagnostic of mid-chain oxidation of pectins by (•)OH. The evidence sh... | yes |
26,859,658 | Does metformin Treatment Affect Testicular Size in Offspring Born to Mothers with Gestational Diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies in rodents suggest that metformin treatment during pregnancy may have harmful effects on testicular development in offspring. Our aim was to determine whether metformin treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects testicular size in male offspring.",
"We compared the testi... | Prepubertal testicular size did not differ between offspring born to metformin-treated mothers and those born to insulin-treated mothers. | no |
26,874,906 | Does interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise improve metabolic markers beyond caloric restriction in Zucker rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise (IASE) and caloric restriction (CR) on body composition, glycaemic and lipid profile and inflammatory markers.",
"Thirty-two Zucker diabetic fatty rats were randomised into 4 groups (sedentary + ... | Overall, IASE as well as CR were both useful interventions, especially when combined. However, IASE showed greater improvements on body composition, inflammatory and glycaemic profile than CR did. | yes |
26,879,446 | Is high melphalan exposure associated with improved overall survival in myeloma patients receiving high dose melphalan and autologous transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"High dose melphalan (HDM) and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) retains a central role in the treatment of myeloma. The aim of this study was to determine whether HDM exposure (area under the concentration vs. time curve, AUC), is significantly associated with transplant outcomes.",
... | This large scale pharmacodynamic analysis of HDM demonstrates that high melphalan exposure is associated with improved survival, with an acceptable increase in transplant toxicity. These results suggest studies targeting a higher AUC are warranted in patients undergoing HDM and ASCT for myeloma. | yes |
26,853,697 | Does a cumulative genetic risk score predict progression in Parkinson 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The contribution of genetic variability to clinical heterogeneity in Parkinson's disease is insufficiently understood. We aimed to investigate the effect of cumulative genetic risk on clinical outcomes.",
"In a single-center study of 336 patients we genotyped 19 independent susceptibility var... | We present results linking cumulative genetic risk to a motor outcome in Parkinson's disease. Our findings provide a valuable starting point for future large-scale efforts to map the genetic determinants of phenotypic variability. | yes |
26,850,874 | Does interpersonal Violence be Associated With Increased Severity of Geriatric Facial Trauma? | {
"contexts": [
"The geriatric population is rapidly increasing in number with increased demand on health care resources including those spent on the treatment of maxillofacial trauma. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the independent and cumulative associations between potential risk factors (age, ... | Interpersonal violence (assault) is associated with increased severity of geriatric facial trauma compared with other risk factors. | yes |
26,866,578 | Do patients with colorectal cancer associated with Lynch syndrome and MLH1 promoter hypermethylation have similar prognoses? | {
"contexts": [
"Mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) is caused by Lynch syndrome (LS) in 3% and sporadic inactivation of MLH1 by hypermethylation (MLH1-hm) in 12% of cases. It is not clear whether outcomes between LS-associated and MLH1-hm CRC differ. The objective of this study was to explor... | CSS did not differ in LS-associated CRC compared with MLH1-hm CRC, suggesting that they carry a similar prognosis.Genet Med 18 9, 863-868. | yes |
26,853,903 | Are igE and FcεRI highly expressed on innate cells in psoriasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Although elevated serum IgE levels have been reported in psoriasis, the role of IgE in psoriasis still needs to be clarified.",
"To analyse serum total IgE levels in addition to the presence and distribution of IgE and FcεRI in psoriatic lesions, and to investigate alteration of IgE and FcεRI... | IgE might participate in the development of psoriasis by activating FcεRI-bearing cells. | yes |
26,858,639 | Does thromboxane A2 Receptor Stimulation enhance Microglial Interleukin-1β and NO Biosynthesis Mediated by the Activation of ERK Pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptors (TP) interact with the ligand TXA2 to induce platelet aggregation and regulate hemostasis. Recently TP-mediated signaling has been suggested to function in multiple cell types in the brain. In this report, we aim to study the expression and physiological role of TP... | This study has shown a novel role of TP in microglia activation via the ERK signaling pathway, which provides insights for the management of neuroinflammation in diseases like cerebral infarction. | yes |
26,869,043 | Do bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells differ in their attachment to fibronectin-derived peptides from term placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be isolated from different sources including bone marrow and term placenta. These two populations display distinct patterns of proliferation and differentiation in vitro. Since proliferation and differentiation of cells are modulated by cell-matrix inter... | Human bmMSCs and pMSCs show distinct patterns of attachment to defined peptides and maintain differences in expression of integrins in vitro. Interactions of ex vivo bmMSCs with a given peptide yield different staining patterns compared to expanded bmMSCs in suspension. Attachment of expanded MSCs to peptides on surfac... | yes |
26,857,235 | Does ex vivo virotherapy with myxoma virus impair hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Relapsing disease is a major challenge after hematopoietic cell transplantation for hematological malignancies. Myxoma virus (MYXV) is an oncolytic virus that can target and eliminate contaminating cancer cells from auto-transplant grafts. The aims of this study were to examine the impact of MYXV... | Human hematopoietic cells are non-permissive for MYXV. Human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were not infected and thus unaffected by MYXV ex vivo treatment. | no |
26,857,234 | Do endothelial progenitor cells promote efficient ex vivo expansion of cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Cord blood (CB) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has often been limited by the scarcity of stem cells. Therefore, the number of CB hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) should be increased while maintaining the stem cell characteristics.",
"We designed an ex vivo culture system u... | These data demonstrated that EPCs improve the CD34+ population but do not compromise the repopulating efficacy of the amplified HSPCs, possibly via cytokine secretion and Wnt signaling pathway activation. | yes |
26,857,230 | Does hepatocyte growth factor enhance the inflammation-alleviating effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a bronchiolitis obliterans model? | {
"contexts": [
"Specific and effective therapy for prevention or reversal of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is lacking. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene modified mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on BO.",
"A mouse model of experimental BO was established... | Treatment of BO with HGF gene modified MSCs results in reduction of local inflammation and promotion in recovery of allograft trachea histopathology. These findings might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for BO. | yes |
26,853,425 | Is heterozygosity of stromelysin-1 ( rs3025058 ) promoter polymorphism associated with gastric cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastric cancer (GC) is the third most common cancer in India and is mediated by multiple genetic, epigenetic and environmental risk factors. A single nucleotide polymorphism rs3025058 at -1171 of the stromelysin-1 (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-3) promoter is resulting due to insertion/deletion ... | This study showed an increased frequency of heterozygotes for stromelysin-1 rs3025058 and thought to be involved in the etiology of GC. | yes |
26,855,781 | Does ruxolitinib improve symptoms and quality of life in a patient with systemic mastocytosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic mastocytosis is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with constitutional symptoms from mast cell mediated chemical and cytokine release. According to the literature, Ruxolitinib, a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, has been shown to reduce symptoms related to proinflammatory cytokine relea... | Ruxolitinib significantly improved symptoms and quality of life in our patient with systemic mastocytosis. | yes |
26,849,256 | Does single and Combined Exposure to Zinc- and Copper-Containing Welding Fumes lead to Asymptomatic Systemic Inflammation? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, it has been shown that exposure to welding fumes containing both zinc and copper leads to asymptomatic systemic inflammation in humans as shown by an increase of blood C-reactive protein. In the present study, it was investigated which metal is responsible for this effect.",
"Fiftee... | Copper- and zinc-containing welding fumes are able to induce systemic inflammation. | yes |
26,873,536 | Does continuing Medical Education improve Gastroenterologists ' Compliance with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality Measures? | {
"contexts": [
"Low rates of compliance with quality measures for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been reported for US gastroenterologists.",
"We assessed the influence of quality improvement (QI) education on compliance with physician quality reporting system (PQRS) measures for IBD and measures relat... | QI-focused CME improves community-based gastroenterologists' compliance with IBD quality measures and measures aligned with NQS priorities. | yes |
26,866,603 | Does circulating Hepcidin-25 be Reduced by Endogenous Estrogen in Humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepcidin reduces iron absorption by binding to the intestinal iron transporter ferroportin, thereby causing its degradation. Although short-term administration of testosterone or growth hormone (GH) has been reported to decrease circulating hepcidin levels, little is known about how hepcidin is i... | In humans, gonadotropin-stimulated endogenous estrogen markedly decreases circulating hepcidin-25 levels. No clear and stable correlation between iron biomarkers and hepcidin-25 was seen before or after treatment of hyperthyroidism, hyperprolactinemia or growth hormone deficiency. | yes |
26,876,342 | Does community-Based Multidisciplinary Computed Tomography Screening Program improve Lung Cancer Survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Overall survival is less than 20%, with the majority of patients presenting with advanced disease. The National Lung Screening Trial, performed mainly in academic medical centers, showed that cancer mortality can be reduc... | A community-based multidisciplinary lung cancer screening program can improve survival of patients with lung cancer outside of a large multicenter study. This survival advantage was caused by a significant stage shift to earlier disease. Lung cancer CT screening may also benefit patients not meeting the National Lung S... | yes |
26,861,863 | Are mitochondrial and oxidative stress genes differentially expressed in neutrophils of sJIA patients treated with tocilizumab : a pilot microarray study? | {
"contexts": [
"Various pathways involved in the pathogenesis of sJIA have been identified through gene expression profiling in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), but not in neutrophils. Since neutrophils are important in tissue damage during inflammation, and are elevated as part of the acute phase resp... | For the first time we demonstrate that neutrophils from sJIA patients responding to tocilizumab showed significantly different changes in gene expression. These data could highlight the importance of mitochondrial genes that modulate oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of sJIA. | yes |
26,871,639 | Does gALNT14 genotype effectively predict the therapeutic response in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization? | {
"contexts": [
"Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization is currently the standard treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B. Genomic variants of GALNT14 were recently identified as effective predictors for chemotherapy responses in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer st... | GALNT14 genotypes were significantly associated with clinical outcomes of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The differential status of extrinsic apoptotic signaling between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues might underlie the clinical association. | yes |
26,861,372 | Is flood-Exposure Associated with Higher Prevalence of Child Undernutrition in Rural Eastern India? | {
"contexts": [
"Child undernutrition and flooding are highly prevalent public health issues in Asia, yet epidemiological studies investigating this association are lacking.",
"To investigate to what extent floods exacerbate poor nutritional status in children and identify most vulnerable groups, we conducted... | Particularly in low-resource or subsistence-farming rural settings, long-lasting nutritional response in the aftermath of floods should be seriously considered to counteract the long-term nutritional effects on children, particularly infants, and include their mothers on whom they are dependent. The systematic monitori... | yes |
26,878,873 | Does miR-193b promote autophagy and non-apoptotic cell death in oesophageal cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Successful treatment of oesophageal cancer is hampered by recurrent drug resistant disease. We have previously demonstrated the importance of apoptosis and autophagy for the recovery of oesophageal cancer cells following drug treatment. When apoptosis (with autophagy) is induced, these cells are ... | These results highlight the importance of miR-193b in determining oesophageal cancer cell viability and demonstrate an enhancement of chemotoxicity that is independent of apoptosis induction. | yes |
26,850,198 | Does immune status predict high-risk HPV in anal condyloma? | {
"contexts": [
"More than 90% of anal condyloma is attributed to nonhigh risk strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), thus patients with anal condyloma do not necessarily undergo HPV serotyping unless they are immunocompromised (IC). We hypothesized that IC patients with anal condyloma have a higher risk of high-... | IC patients did not have a significantly higher prevalence or risk of high-risk HPV or dysplasia in our study. HPV typing of all condylomata, regardless of immune status, should be considered as it may help predict risk of neoplastic transformation or identify NIC patients with an increased risk of developing anal intr... | no |
26,876,155 | Does lovastatin protect keratinocytes from DNA damage-related pro-apoptotic stress responses stimulated by anticancer therapeutics? | {
"contexts": [
"Oral mucositis (OM) is a relevant adverse effect of anticancer therapy involving ionizing radiation (IR) and doxorubicin (Doxo). Because DNA damage of keratinocytes is causative for the pathogenesis of OM, we aim to identify pharmacological measures for geno- and cytoprotection of keratinocytes."... | Lovastatin attenuates pro-toxic DNA damage-related responses of keratinocytes stimulated by OM-inducing anticancer therapeutics. The data encourage forthcoming in vivo and clinical studies addressing the usefulness of statins in the prevention of OM. | yes |
26,872,252 | Does gremlin-1 C-Terminus regulate Function of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ( MIF )? | {
"contexts": [
"The counterbalance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Gremlin-1 is a useful tool to predict the acuity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and plaque stability. Gremlin1 is an endogenous antagonist of MIF and therefore influences plaque vulnerability. This study was designed to eluc... | Gremlin-1 C-terminus is essential for antagonizing MIF effects. Our results could offer a novel strategy utilizing Gremlin-1 to target pro-inflammatory effects of MIF in various diseases. | yes |
26,855,429 | Do estrogenic Compounds Have Divergent Effects on Human Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration according to Sex of the Donor? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are key elements in vascular homeostasis. Their function is regulated by estrogens and estrogen receptors (ERs), but the effect of estrogenic compounds such as bisphenol A (BPA; an agonist of ER-β and agonist and antagonist of ER-α) and (R,R)-5,11-diethyl-5,6,1... | Estrogenic compounds have a sex divergent effect which could help in understanding differences in the pathophysiology of endothelial function observed between men and women. | yes |
26,859,892 | Does lipoicmethylenedioxyphenol reduce Experimental Atherosclerosis through Activation of Nrf2 Signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and Nrf2 is the transcriptional factor central in cellular antioxidant responses. In the present study, we investigate the effect of a dihydrolipoic acid derivative lipoicmethylenedioxyphenol (LMDP) on the progression of ather... | Our results support that LMDP has an anti-atherosclerotic effect likely through activation of Nrf2 signaling and subsequent inhibition of macrophage chemotaxis. | yes |
26,860,117 | Does a novel missense mutation in ATRX uncovered in a Yemeni family lead to alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome without alpha-thalassemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Intellectual disability (ID) features in numerous heritable medical conditions that result from ATRX mutations. Alpha-thalassemia mental retardation syndrome (ATR-X syndrome) is the most notable manifestation of ATRX dysfunction. In addition to ID, genitourinary and craniofacial abnormalities are... | The mutated gene is predicted to have a disrupted SNF-2 domain at a conserved residue; p.Leu1889Trp, which is deemed functionally damaging. This report offers, for the first time, full clinical and molecular characterization of a novel ATRX variant in an Arab family. | yes |
26,873,055 | Is primary and booster vaccination with an inactivated poliovirus vaccine ( IPV ) immunogenic and well-tolerated in infants and toddlers in China? | {
"contexts": [
"Replacing live-attenuated oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) with inactivated poliovirus vaccines (IPV) is part of the global strategy to eradicate poliomyelitis. China was declared polio-free in 2000 but continues to record cases of vaccine-associated-poliomyelitis and vaccine-derived-poliovirus out... | Trivalent IPV is non-inferior to OPV in terms of seroprotection (in the Chinese vaccination schedule) in infant and toddlers, with a clinically acceptable safety profile. | yes |
26,868,728 | Do african American Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Have a Distinct Phenotype of Polyposis Associated with Increased Asthma Hospitalization? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the upper airways that is often categorized into subtypes including \"with\" and \"without\" nasal polyps. However, the influence of multiple important epidemiologic factors, including race, on CRS has not been investigated.",
"... | AAs with refractory CRS are at increased risk for nasal polyposis, smell loss, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, and a greater severity of disease based on imaging, resulting in increased health care utilization. | yes |
26,860,538 | Does autophagy upregulation promote macrophages to escape mesoporous silica nanoparticle ( MSN ) -induced NF-κB-dependent inflammation? | {
"contexts": [
"Our previous studies (Int J Nanomed 10:22, 2015) have indicated that a single large dose of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) can induce severe and selective nephrotoxicity, which is closely related to inflammation mediated by the NF-κB pathway. However, the effect of MSNs on other organs an... | In summary, our results suggest that autophagy may be a possible protective factor in inflammation induced by MSNs in macrophages. | yes |
26,862,900 | Does whole Rye Consumption improve Blood and Liver n-3 Fatty Acid Profile and Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Whole rye (WR) consumption seems to be associated with beneficial health effects. Although rye fiber and polyphenols are thought to be bioactive, the mechanisms behind the health effects of WR have yet to be fully identified. This study in rats was designed to investigate whether WR can influence... | This study shows for the first time that WR consumption results in major biological modifications-increased plasma and liver n-3 EPA and DHA levels and improved gut microbiota profile, notably with increased diversity-known to provide health benefits. Unexpectedly, WR decreased SCFA levels in both cecum and feces. More... | yes |
26,864,436 | Does decoration of intramyocellular lipid droplets with PLIN5 modulate fasting-induced insulin resistance and lipotoxicity in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"In contrast to insulin-resistant individuals, insulin-sensitive athletes possess high intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), good mitochondrial function and high perilipin 5 (PLIN5) levels, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in benign IMCL storage. We hypothesised a role for PLIN5 in modulating fasting-... | Fasting results in subcellular redistribution of PLIN5 and promotes the capacity to store excess fat in larger and more numerous PLIN5-decorated LDs. This associates with blunting of fasting-induced insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in the modulation of fasting-mediated lipot... | yes |
26,861,149 | Are the best objective response of target lesions and the incidence of treatment-related hypertension associated with the survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib : a Japanese retrospective study? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic relevance of the best objective response of metastatic target lesions during sunitinib treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.",
"Radiographic analysis of the best objective response according to the Response Evaluatio... | Our findings suggested that the best objective response of target lesions was a prognostic marker for both progression-free survival and overall survival in sunitinib treatment. Furthermore, the incidence of sunitinib-induced hypertension was associated with a longer progression-free survival. | yes |
26,861,891 | Does mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 rescue NMDA and GABAA receptor level deficits induced in a two-hit mouse model of schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"An imbalance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission underlies the glutamate hypothesis of schizophrenia. Agonists of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR2/3, have been proposed as novel therapeutic agents to correct this imbalance. However, the influence of mGluR2/3 activity o... | We demonstrate that the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 restores excitatory and inhibitory deficits with similar efficiency as olanzapine in our two-hit schizophrenia mouse model. This study significantly contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of LY379268 and supports the use of... | yes |
26,867,567 | Are hOX transcription factors potential targets and markers in malignant mesothelioma? | {
"contexts": [
"The HOX genes are a family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors that determine cellular identity during development and which are dys-regulated in some cancers. In this study we examined the expression and oncogenic function of HOX genes in mesothelioma, a cancer arising from the pleur... | HOX genes are a potential therapeutic target in mesothelioma, and HOXB4 expression correlates with overall survival. | yes |
26,876,630 | Does use of population-referenced total activity count percentiles to assess and classify physical activity of population groups? | {
"contexts": [
"Population-referenced total activity counts per day (TAC/d) percentiles provide public health practitioners a standardized measure of physical activity (PA) volume obtained from an accelerometer that can be compared across populations. The purpose of this study was to describe the application of ... | These results demonstrate the utility of population-referenced TAC/d percentiles in public health monitoring and surveillance. These findings also provide insights into the PA levels of NYC residents relative to the broader US population, which can be used to guide health promotion efforts. | yes |
26,873,714 | Do mRI features have a role in pre-surgical planning of colloid cyst removal? | {
"contexts": [
"Endoscopic resection is becoming a well-established treatment option for patients with colloid cysts of the third ventricle. A disadvantage of this approach is the decreased ability to resect cysts in their entirety. Correlations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and cyst content ... | We found specific MRI features suggestive of difficult cyst excision. In a subgroup of patients with pre-operative hydrocephalus and imaging features suggestive of difficult removal, significantly higher rates of shunting were observed. We therefore recommend an open approach in cases of low T2, high T1 signal cysts wi... | yes |
26,874,740 | Does multimodality imaging demonstrate trafficking of liposomes preferentially to ischemic myocardium? | {
"contexts": [
"Nanoparticles may serve as a promising means to deliver novel therapeutics to the myocardium following myocardial infarction. We sought to determine whether lipid-based liposomal nanoparticles can be shown through different imaging modalities to specifically target injured myocardium following in... | Liposomes traffic to the heart and preferentially home to regions of myocardial injury, enabling improved diagnosis of myocardial injury and could serve as a vehicle for drug delivery. | yes |
26,854,628 | Does endophilin A2 protect H2O2-induced apoptosis by blockade of Bax translocation in rat basilar artery smooth muscle cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Apoptosis plays a central role in maintaining the normal cell number and tissue homeostasis. Endophilins are a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins that have the critical role in endocytosis. Here, we determined whether endophilin A2 (EndoII) contributes to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced... | These data suggested a role of EndoII in protecting BASMCs apoptosis induced by H2O2, possibly by inhibiting the addressing of Bax to mitochondria. Targeting on EndoII may be a new strategy to treat apoptosis-associated diseases. | yes |
26,869,921 | Is motor Performance Impaired Following Vestibular Stimulation in Ageing Mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Balance and maintaining postural equilibrium are important during stationary and dynamic movements to prevent falls, particularly in older adults. While our sense of balance is influenced by vestibular, proprioceptive, and visual information, this study focuses primarily on the vestibular compone... | this study confirms there are age-related declines in grip strength and gross motor coordination. We also demonstrate age-dependent changes to finer motor abilities as a result of a low frequency and duration vestibular stimulus. These changes showed that while the ability to perform the balance beam task remained inta... | yes |
26,848,932 | Are maternal Dietary Patterns Associated with Lower Levels of Cardiometabolic Markers during Pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated levels of cardiometabolic markers are characteristic of normal pregnancy, however, insulin resistance and increased glucose, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels can adversely influence maternal and child health. Diet is a modifiable behaviour that could have significant impact on matern... | The study findings suggest an association between maternal dietary patterns and several cardiometabolic markers during pregnancy. | yes |
26,859,826 | Do high Plasma Concentrations of Zidovudine ( AZT ) Parallel Intracellular Concentrations of AZT-Triphosphates in Infants During Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission? | {
"contexts": [
"Zidovudine (AZT) is mainly used to prevent mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission (PMTCT). Despite serious concerns on AZT-associated toxicity, there is little information on pharmacokinetics of intracellular AZT metabolites in infants.",
"We conducted a prospective study in 31 HIV-uninfected inf... | The level of icAZT-TP did not change with age, time, or a single dose despite the wide range of pAZT concentration. A safer dosage needs to be determined because high pAZT levels do not parallel those of icAZT-TP. | no |
26,853,309 | Does minocycline Effectively protect the Rabbit 's Spinal Cord From Aortic Occlusion-Related Ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the minocycline anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms through which it is believed to exert spinal cord protection during aortic occlusion in the rabbit model.",
"An animal model of aortic occlusion-related spinal cord ischemia. Randomized study with a control group and p... | In a rabbit model of infrarenal aortic occlusion, minocycline effectively reduced paraplegia by increasing the number of viable neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Its action was completely abrogated by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and was inhibited partially by the pro-apoptotic hyperglycemia m... | yes |
26,865,394 | Do nitric oxide-induced autophagy and the activation of AMPK pathway protect against apoptosis in human dental pulp cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO)-induced autophagy in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway.",
"The MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxic effect of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in HDPCs. Apoptosis was ... | NO induced autophagy with AMPK activation, which plays a role in the survival of HDPCs against NO-induced apoptosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. | yes |
26,873,514 | Does glycerol Monolaurate inhibit Lipase Production by Clinical Ocular Isolates Without Affecting Bacterial Cell Viability? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to determine the relative lipase production of a range of ocular bacterial isolates and to assess the efficacy of glycerol monolaurate (GML) in inhibiting this lipase production in high lipase-producing bacteria without affecting bacterial cell growth.",
"Staphylococcus aureus,Staph... | Lipase activity varied between species and between strains. Staphylococcal spp. produced higher lipase activity compared with P. acnes and Corynebacterium spp. Glycerol monolaurate inhibited lipase production by S. aureus and S. epidermidis at concentrations that did not adversely affect bacterial cell growth. GML can ... | yes |
26,854,086 | Is bAP1 overexpressed in black compared with white patients with Mx-M1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma : A report from the cancer genome atlas? | {
"contexts": [
"Incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is higher in Black patients with disease-specific and overall survival being lower compared with White patients even though renal tumors among Black patients are more likely to be localized. These disparities have been attributed to higher rates of obesity ... | BAP1 is significantly overexpressed in Black compared with White patients and is associated with favorable stage. BAP1 overexpression portends distinct pathologic outcomes in Black and White patients demonstrating the need for racial stratification and adequate Black patient sampling in BAP1 biomarker studies. | yes |
26,879,192 | Is lymph node hypoplasia associated with adverse outcomes in node-negative colon cancer using advanced lymph node dissection methods? | {
"contexts": [
"Lymph node size as a prognostic parameter has not been investigated well in the past. Recent data, however, have indicated that this parameter could be even more important than the lymph node count.",
"Based on the results of earlier studies, we analyzed the lymph node size and number of node... | LN5 count, as a marker of immune response, could be shown as being prognostic in node-negative colon cancer. Patients with low LN5 counts showed poor outcomes. These patients could perhaps profit from adjuvant chemotherapy. | yes |
26,863,419 | Does low Cardiac Output lead Hepatic Fibrosis in Right Heart Failure Model Rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic fibrosis progresses with right heart failure, and becomes cardiac cirrhosis in a severe case. Although its causal factor still remains unclear. Here we evaluated the progression of hepatic fibrosis using a pulmonary artery banding (PAB)-induced right heart failure model and investigated w... | Our study demonstrated that low CO and tissue hypoxia were responsible for hepatic fibrosis in right failure heart model rats. | yes |
26,850,884 | Does cyclic stretch enhance apoptosis in human lumbar ligamentum flavum cells via the induction of reactive oxygen species generation? | {
"contexts": [
"The lumbar ligamentum flavum (LF) is an important part of the spine to maintain the stability of the spine. In this study we aimed to examine whether mechanical force by cyclic stretch could induce apoptosis in human LF cells and investigate the underlying mechanism.",
"LF cells were isolated ... | Our study suggests that cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in human LF cells may be mediated by ROS generation and the activation of caspase-9. | yes |
26,861,730 | Are clinical and radiological outcomes of lumbar posterior subtraction osteotomies correlated to pelvic incidence and FBI index : Prospective series of 63 cases? | {
"contexts": [
"Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is one of the surgical options for treating alignment disorders of the fused spine (due to post-surgical fusion or related to arthritis). It enables satisfactory sagittal realignment and improved function due to economic sagittal balance. The aim of this study ... | PSO is a surgical procedure enabling correction of multiplane rigid spinal deformities that require major sagittal correction. It was seen to be highly effective in patients with a small or moderate pelvic incidence (PI <60°) but was sometimes less effective in patients with large pelvic incidence due to insufficient l... | yes |
26,861,734 | Does human lung-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium exert in vitro antitumor effects in malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"The soluble factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells are thought to either support or inhibit tumor growth. Herein, we investigated whether the human lung-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (hlMSC-CM) exerts antitumor activity in malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines H28, H205... | Our findings indicate that the cell-free hlMSC-CM confers in vitro antitumor activities via soluble factors in the tested mesothelioma cells and, hence, may serve as a therapeutic tool to augment the current treatment strategies in malignant pleural mesothelioma. | yes |
26,858,119 | Is the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter associated with the ex vivo P. falciparum African parasite response to pyronaridine? | {
"contexts": [
"The pyronaridine-artesunate combination is one of the most recent oral artemisinin-based therapeutic combinations (ACTs) recommended for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. The emergence of P. falciparum resistance to artemisinin has recently developed in Southeast Asia. Little ... | These results showed the ex vivo reduced susceptibility to pyronaridine, i.e., IC50 > 60 nM, associated with the K76T mutation. | yes |
26,857,213 | Is global longitudinal strain associated with heart failure outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesised that abnormal global longitudinal strain (GLS) would predict outcome in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) better than current echocardiographic measures.",
"Retrospective analysis of risk markers in relation to outcomes in 472 patients with HCM at a single tertiary institution... | In patients with HCM, reduced GLS is an independent factor associated with poor cardiac outcomes, and particularly HF outcomes. | yes |
26,860,076 | Do an order set and checklist improve physician transfusion ordering practices to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload? | {
"contexts": [
"There are few studies of quality interventions to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO). Our aim was to reduce TACO risk in patients admitted to internal medicine at our hospital, by addressing gaps in transfusion practice.",
"A 3-month baseline audit of red ... | A checklist and order set are tools that can improve the quality of transfusion orders by increasing the judicious use of pre-transfusion diuretics and augmenting the specification of transfusion rate. These interventions could be adapted to electronic order formats to improve transfusion safety. | yes |
26,852,107 | Is volumetric breast density essential for predicting cosmetic outcome at the late stage after breast-conserving surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"The critical issue related to breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is that cosmetic outcomes deteriorate with long-term follow-up. There is little research for breast density as a predictor of cosmetic outcomes at the late stage after BCT. To improve the long-term quality of life after BCT of breast c... | While PBVE was involved in cosmetic outcome at the early stage after BCT, VBD was associated with cosmetic outcome at the late stage after BCT. Thus, a combination of VBD and PBVE could predict cosmetic outcome after BCT and contribute to the selection for the appropriate BCT. | yes |
26,867,127 | Does cartilage Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells express Lubricin In Vitro and In Vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Lubricin expression in the superficial cartilage will be a crucial factor in the success of cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source and the use of aggregates of MSCs has some advantages in terms of chondrogenic potential and efficiency of cell adhesion.... | Cartilage derived from MSCs expressed lubricin protein both in vitro and in vivo. Aggregation promoted lubricin expression of MSCs in vitro and transplantation of aggregates of MSCs regenerated cartilage including the superficial zone in a rat osteochondral defect model. Our results indicate that aggregated MSCs could ... | yes |
26,853,910 | Does timing for dose-down of 5-ASA depend on mucosal status with ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Although aminosalicylic acid (ASA) preparations have been used as first-line drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), no consistent view has been established regarding the ASA dose during the remission-maintenance phase of the disease. In this study, we examined whether the ASA dose sh... | When the same ASA dose is maintained regardless of the presence or absence of EH, remission is more likely to be maintained. If the ASA dose must be reduced, dose reduction is more advantageous after an MES of 0 is achieved. | yes |
26,849,828 | Is identification of β-glucosidase 1 as a biomarker and its high expression in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with resistance to chemotherapy drugs? | {
"contexts": [
"Long-term prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is challenging, and novel biomarkers are needed to predict patient risk and serve as potential therapeutic target.",
"We found β-glucosidase 1 is significantly overexpressed and activated in primary HCC tissue and multiple HCC cel... | Our data support β-glucosidase 1 as a HCC biomarker due to its prognosis significance. | yes |
26,871,734 | Is combining ECT with pharmacological treatment of depressed inpatients in a naturalistic study associated with serum BDNF level increase? | {
"contexts": [
"BDNF blood levels are reduced in MDD. They can be increased with pharmacologic treatment and ECT, but it is not clear whether the combination of treatments promotes an additional increase. The present study aims to evaluate whether combined treatment promotes an increase in BDNF, restoring the le... | Combination of ECT with pharmacological treatment did not result in increased serum BDNF levels and did not restore levels to that of controls. | no |
26,871,730 | Does electrical pharyngeal stimulation increase substance P level in saliva? | {
"contexts": [
"Substance P (SP) is a neuropeptide known to enhance the swallow response. It likely acts as a neurotransmitter in the pharyngeal mucosa in response to local stimuli. It has been proposed that dysphagia after stroke may be related to reduced levels of SP, which therefore constitutes a therapeutic ... | Electrical pharyngeal stimulation is able to induce pharyngeal SP release in healthy subjects. | yes |
26,856,812 | Does astaxanthin ameliorate prenatal LPS-exposed behavioral deficits and oxidative stress in adult offspring? | {
"contexts": [
"Prenatal maternal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure leads to behavioral deficits such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia in the adult lives. LPS-exposure resulted in the production of cytokines and oxidative damage. On the contrary, astaxanthin is a carotenoid compound, showed neuroprotect... | Taken together, these results suggest that prenatal maternal LPS-exposure leads to behavioral deficits in the adults, while astaxanthin ameliorates the behavioral deficits presumably via its antioxidant property. | yes |
26,856,814 | Does the dual S1PR1/S1PR5 drug BAF312 ( Siponimod ) attenuate demyelination in organotypic slice cultures? | {
"contexts": [
"BAF312 (Siponimod) is a dual agonist at the sphingosine-1 phosphate receptors, S1PR1 and S1PR5. This drug is currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we investigated the effects of BAF312 on isolated astrocyte and microglia cul... | Overall, this study suggests that BAF312 can modulate glial cell function and attenuate demyelination, highlighting this drug as a further potential therapy in demyelinating disorders, beyond MS. | yes |
26,852,397 | Does a Pre-Hospital Patient Education Program improve Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"We designed an assessment and education program which was delivered to patients prior to first outpatient appointment for bariatric surgery. We hypothesised that this program would streamline care and would lead to improved weight loss following bariatric surgery.",
"The program incorporates ... | The introduction of a pre-hospital education program has led to an improvement in attendance rates and early weight loss post-bariatric surgery. | yes |
26,852,395 | Is duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation a poor predictor of hospital survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is increasingly used in patients with respiratory failure. In patients without the option of lung transplantation, prognostication is challenging. We hypothesized that duration of ECMO therapy is inversely correlated with the chance of recover... | According to our registry data, duration of ECMO therapy by itself could not predict hospital survival. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding. | yes |
26,852,394 | Are high prolactin levels associated with more delirium in septic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether high prolactin levels were associated with delirium in septic patients because neuropsychiatric disorders are frequently associated with hyperprolactinemia.",
"Prolactin levels were measured daily for 4 days in 101 patients with sepsis. Delirium was assessed using the ... | High prolactin levels may be a risk factor for delirium in septic patients. | yes |
26,868,512 | Is low carotid artery wall shear stress independently associated with brain white-matter hyperintensities and cognitive impairment in older patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Brain white-matter lesions and cognitive impairment are increasing because of the increasing number of patients aged ≥80 y. Wall shear stress (WSS) plays a pivotal role as a fluid mechanical mediator in vascular reactivity and atherosclerosis. In this study, we investigated the associations among... | Carotid artery WSS was independently associated with brain white-matter lesions and cognitive impairment in patients aged ≥80 y. | yes |
26,863,634 | Does large-scale profiling of signalling pathways reveal an asthma specific signature in bronchial smooth muscle cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) cells from asthmatic patients maintain in vitro a distinct hyper-reactive (\"primed\") phenotype, characterized by increased release of pro-inflammatory factors and mediators, as well as hyperplasia and/or hypertrophy. This \"primed\" phenotype helps to understand pa... | These first-time results can now be exploited toward development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting ISP signatures linked to asthma pathophysiology. | yes |
26,871,414 | Do cytotoxic amounts of cisplatin induce either checkpoint adaptation or apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Checkpoint adaptation (entry into mitosis with damaged DNA) is a process that links arrest at the G2/M cell cycle checkpoint and cell death in cancer cells. It is not known, however, whether cells treated with the genotoxic agent, cisplatin, undergo checkpoint adaptation or if checkpoint adaptati... | Our data demonstrate that cancer cells treated with cisplatin can undergo one of two modes of cell death depending upon concentration used. These findings suggest that checkpoint adaptation is likely a primary pathway in genotoxic cell death at pharmacological concentrations of cisplatin. | yes |
26,860,080 | Does andrographolide attenuate LPS-stimulated up-regulation of C-C and C-X-C motif chemokines in rodent cortex and primary astrocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Andrographolide is the major bioactive compound isolated from Andrographis paniculata, a native South Asian herb used medicinally for its anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we aimed to assess andrographolide's potential utility as an anti-neuroinflammatory therapeutic.",
"The effect... | These results suggest that andrographolide may be useful as a therapeutic for neuroinflammatory diseases, especially those characterized by chemokine dysregulation. | yes |
26,857,228 | Does choice of xenogenic-free expansion media significantly influence the myogenic differentiation potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have great potential for use in cell-based therapies for restoration of structure and function of many tissue types including smooth muscle.",
"We compared proliferation, immunophenotype, differentiation capability and gene expression of bone marrow-derived MS... | Our study provides novel data on the myogenic differentiation potential of human MSCs toward the SMC lineage using different xenogenic-free cell culture expansion media in combination with distinct differentiation medium compositions. We show that the choice of expansion medium significantly influences the differentiat... | yes |
26,857,229 | Is galectin-1 a local but not systemic immunomodulatory factor in mesenchymal stromal cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have powerful immunosuppressive activity. This function of MSCs is attributed to plethora of the expressed immunosuppressive factors, such as galectin-1 (Gal-1), a pleiotropic lectin with robust anti-inflammatory effect. Nevertheless, whether Gal-1 renders or cont... | These results serve as evidence that Gal-1 does not play a role in the systemic immunosuppressive effect of MSCs. However, a local contribution of Gal-1 to modulation of T-cell response by direct cell-to-cell interaction cannot be excluded. Notably, this study serves a good model to understand how the specificity of a ... | yes |
26,874,752 | Is activation of microglia within paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus involved in maintenance of established hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammation within paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), a key circulatory control center in the hypothalamus, is an important pathology of sympathetic hyperactivity. Brain inflammation is mainly mediated by microglia, innate immune cells in the brain. Activated microglia produce in... | Activated microglia with morphological alteration within PVN are not involved in the maintenance of established severe hypertension, and inflammation within PVN could not be the therapeutic target of established hypertension. | no |
26,868,017 | Do distinct genomic and epigenomic features demarcate hypomethylated blocks in colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Large mega base-pair genomic regions show robust alterations in DNA methylation levels in multiple cancers. A vast majority of these regions are hypomethylated in cancers. These regions are generally enriched for CpG islands, Lamin Associated Domains and Large organized chromatin lysine modificat... | Our analyses suggest that the overall architecture of HMBs is guided by pre-existing chromatin architecture, and are associated with aberrant activity of promoter-like sequences at the boundary. | yes |
26,861,893 | Does long-Term Pain Reduction Imply Improved Functional Outcome in Patients Treated With Combined Supraorbital and Occipital Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Migraine? | {
"contexts": [
"Dual supraorbital and occipital nerve stimulation (SONS and ONS) have shown promising efficacy in treating primary headaches. However, its functional outcome is not well studied.",
"To present functional outcome studies of combined SONS and ONS for chronic migraine using verified metrics.",
... | There is a paucity of studies in quality of life, productivity, and psychosocial aspects with peripheral nerve stimulation therapy for headache. Patients with a positive response to SONS and ONS also reported overall improvement in their functional status as reflected by MIDAS and BDI in the perioperative period. Unfor... | no |
26,851,971 | Does epigallocatechin Gallate extend the Therapeutic Window of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Ischemic Rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. To date, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) remains the only safe and effective pharmaceutical treatment for brain ischemia, but delayed rt-PA administration leads to hyperperfusion, which severely limits its cl... | Our study has demonstrated for the first time in vivo results supporting the potential of EGCG to be coadministered with rt-PA, to extend its therapeutic window in treating acute brain ischemia. | yes |
26,873,905 | Does empagliflozin reduce body weight and indices of adipose distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effects of empagliflozin on adiposity indices among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.",
"Changes in weight, waist circumference, estimated total body fat, index of central obesity and visceral adiposity index were assessed using analysis of covariance and testing of tre... | Empagliflozin significantly reduced weight and adiposity indices with the potential to improve cardiometabolic risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. | yes |
26,853,752 | Do rNA binding proteins regulate anabolic and catabolic gene expression in chondrocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Regulation of anabolic and catabolic factors is considered essential in maintaining the homoeostasis of healthy articular cartilage. In this study we investigated the influence of RNA binding proteins (RNABPs) in this process.",
"Using small interfering RNA (siRNA), RNABP expression was knock... | This study demonstrates for the first time how RNABPs are able to affect the balance of anabolic and catabolic gene expression in human chondrocytes. The post-transcriptional mechanisms controlled by RNABPs present novel avenues of regulation and potential points of intervention for controlling the expression of SOX9 a... | yes |
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