pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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16,373,902 | Are functional polymorphisms of UCP2 and UCP3 associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"We studied the association between polymorphisms in the UCP genes and diabetes complications in patients with type 1 diabetes.",
"We analyzed 227 patients with type 1 diabetes using PCR and subsequent cleavage by restriction endonucleases for the promoter variants A-3826G in the UCP1 gene, G-... | Our data indicate that both the G-866A polymorphism in the UCP2 gene and the C-55T polymorphism in the UCP3 gene are associated with a reduced risk of diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes. Thus, the results presented here support the hypothesis that higher expression of uncoupling protein might prevent mitochondria-m... | yes |
16,373,900 | Are higher levels of HDL cholesterol associated with a decreased likelihood of albuminuria in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to determine whether high levels of HDL cholesterol are associated with a lower prevalence of albuminuria",
"We analyzed the lipid profiles of patients with type 1 diabetes of > or = 20 years duration in 42 patients with albuminuria (28 microalbuminuria and 14 ... | Higher HDL cholesterol levels may be protective against the development of albuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes. Whether this is due to the HDL cholesterol levels or whether they serve as a marker for some other mechanism remains to be determined. | yes |
16,389,571 | Does quercetin inhibit LPS-induced delay in spontaneous apoptosis and activation of neutrophils? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of quercetin, an herbal flavonoid, on LPS-induced delay in spontaneous apoptosis, adhesion molecules (CD62L, CD11b/CD18) expression of neutrophils, and superoxide (O(2)(-)) generation by LPS-primed fMLP-induced human neutrophils.",
"Neutrophils were incubated in the... | As one of the pro-inflammatory factors, LPS aggravates inflammation through priming neutrophils to synthesize/release cytotoxic contents and prolonging functional lifespan of neutrophils by delaying the spontaneous apoptosis. Thus, our data suggest to us that quercetin might decrease the susceptibility of neutrophils t... | yes |
16,372,507 | Do detection rate of ultrasound vs CT scan in clinical staging accuracy of renal tumors pT1NxMx? | {
"contexts": [
"Renal ultrasound is very important in the diagnosis of renal tumors.",
"From January 2000 to Jannuary 2005 we retrospectively examined the records of 116 patients, 37 women and 79 men (mean age 54 years, range 22-77), who underwent radical nephrectomy for kidney cancer in clinical stage CT1N0... | Ultrasound is the first step in the staging of renal cancer before surgery; to assess. 2.5 and 7 in diameter CT scan is the gold standard for solid and cystic lesions. | yes |
16,377,022 | Are serum CRP levels equally elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance and related to adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity? | {
"contexts": [
"To measure the serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and adiponectin levels, assess insulin sensitivity index (SI) and acute insulin response (AIR) in normal control (NC) subjects, patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and f... | Elevated serum hs-CRP may play a role in the development of insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes. This elevation is accompanied by the opposite changes of adiponectin. | yes |
16,389,040 | Does adaptation to pregnancy lead to attenuated rat uterine artery smooth muscle sensitivity to oxytocin? | {
"contexts": [
"We tested the hypothesis that oxytocin (OT) contracts blood vessels via vasopressin V1A (VP) receptors, and that this depends on pregnancy.",
"Concentration-contraction relationships (CCR) to OT and VP (10(-12)-10(-6) mol/L) were obtained in different blood vessels. CCR were obtained in uteri... | OT and VP contract UA via their own receptors, although partial cross-activation is evident. Adaptation to pregnancy led to attenuated sensitivity of UA smooth muscle to OT and transformed OT receptors into VP-like ones. | yes |
16,387,150 | Does addition of cladribine to induction/consolidation regimen impair peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow harvest for autotransplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The previous study by the Polish Adult Leukemia Group has demonstrated that addition of cladribine to standard DNR+AraC induction potentiates the antileukemic activity. The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of bone marrow or peripheral blood hematopoietic cell collection in patients ... | Addition of cladribine to a standard DA induction does not impair the harvesting of hematopoietic cells and their engraftment after autotransplantation. | no |
16,371,865 | Does an antibiotic order form intervention improve or reduce vancomycin use? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether a paper-based antibiotic ordering system is an effective antibiotic stewardship measure.",
"An antibiotic order form (AOF) was introduced in July 2001 at a pediatric tertiary care hospital. Vancomycin courses prescribed before and after the AOF introduction were retrospec... | Inappropriate vancomycin use and vancomycin use overall increased after the introduction of an AOF. An AOF intervention did not have its intended effect of improving and reducing vancomycin use. | no |
16,377,479 | Does twenty-four-hour thallium-201 late redistribution imaging enhance the detection of myocardial viability after myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Thallium-201 (201Tl) myocardial perfusion imaging has been widely used for evaluation of myocardial ischemia/viability after myocardial infarction. The 3- to 4-h early redistribution imaging has underestimated a considerable part of viable myocardium, while the 24-h late redistribution imaging ma... | Twenty-four-hour late 201Tl imaging, with satisfactory image quality, enhances the detection of myocardial viability after myocardial infarction. | yes |
16,372,715 | Does continuing education need assessment of acute care and long-term-care nurses in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was done to identify nurses' priorities for continued learning and to examine the priorities in relation to age, educational level, location in the organization, experience, position in the organization, and shift worked.",
"A random sample of nurses at a Veterans Affairs Medical C... | Conducting a needs assessment can provide valuable information that will improve the delivery of high quality, relevant continuing education and improve staff satisfaction. | yes |
16,383,236 | Does [ Recipient lymphopenia state enhance the expansion and anti-leukemia effect of leukemia specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the role of recipient lymphopenia state in the expansion and function of leukemia specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs).",
"C57BL/6 mice were induced to lymphopenia with 6 Gy total body irradiation. Spleen T cells or leukemia specific T cells from EGFP+ transgenic C57BL/6-EGFP ... | Transfusion of leukemia specific CTLs under lymphopenia state could be a feasible strategy to expand leukemia specific CTLs and generate favorable anti-leukemia effect in vivo. | yes |
16,397,066 | Is a novel GJA8 mutation associated with autosomal dominant lamellar pulverulent cataract : further evidence for gap junction dysfunction in human cataract? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify the gene responsible for autosomal dominant lamellar pulverulent cataract in a four-generation British family and characterise the functional and cellular consequences of the mutation.",
"Linkage analysis was used to identify the disease locus. The GJA8 gene was sequenced directly... | The pulverulent cataract described in this family is associated with a novel GJA8 mutation and has a different clinical phenotype from previously described GJA8 mutants. The cataract likely results from lack of gap junction function. The lack of function was associated with improper targeting to the plasma membrane, mo... | yes |
16,394,699 | Does increased susceptibility to ventilator-associated lung injury persist after clinical recovery from experimental endotoxemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Endotoxin, when delivered shortly before or during mechanical ventilation, increases susceptibility to ventilation-associated lung injury. However, it is unclear whether increased susceptibility to ventilator-associated lung injury is still present after clinical recovery from a transient endotox... | In this animal model, a 24-h delay after a single systemic injection of endotoxin resulted in clinical recovery and preserved pulmonary function but did not prevent increased susceptibility to ventilator-associated lung injury provoked by high VT. Residual pulmonary inflammation and neutrophilic infiltration at initiat... | yes |
16,372,327 | Does murine androgen-independent neuroendocrine carcinoma promote metastasis of human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP? | {
"contexts": [
"Although neuroendocrine (NE) cells in prostate cancer have been speculated to accelerate the growth and progression of surrounding cancer cells, the evidence is as yet inconclusive. We investigated the effect of an NE allograft (NE-10) and its cell line, NE-CS, which were established from the pro... | The NE-10 allograft promotes pulmonary metastasis of subcutaneously inoculated LNCaP cells by facilitating cell invasion. Secretions from NE cells upregulate the expression of gelsolin, which is an actin-binding protein, resulting in acceleration of the migration of LNCaP cells. | yes |
16,372,328 | Are prostatic fluid concentrations of isoflavonoids in soy consumers sufficient to inhibit growth of benign and malignant prostatic epithelial cells in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"The differential intestinal metabolism of the soy isoflavones is likely to influence the ability of soy to prevent prostate cancer. While daidzein, genistein, and equol have direct antiproliferative effects on prostatic epithelial cells in vitro, there are no such data for the isoflavone glycitei... | The profound differences in sensitivities of prostatic epithelial cells to these compounds along with their synergistic effects suggest that multiple metabolites in vivo may be optimal for preventing prostate cancer. | yes |
16,374,104 | Does the human host defense peptide LL37/hCAP accelerate angiogenesis in PEGT/PBT biopolymers? | {
"contexts": [
"Antimicrobial peptides are effector molecules of the innate immune response and contribute to host defense and inflammation. This study was designed to evaluate neovascularization in biopolymers after instillation with LL37 of angiogenesis in the dorsal skinfold chamber in mice.",
"The host d... | This study demonstrated that LL37 has antimicrobial activity and is important for early support of neoangiogenesis in biopolymers. The multifunctional human host defense peptide LL37 has potential as an adjunct for tissue engineering. | yes |
16,392,106 | Is extranodal metastasis an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance and prognostic impact of extranodal metastasis (EM) in gastric carcinoma.",
"The study included 1023 patients who underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy for primary gastric carcinoma between January 1993 and December 1996. E... | EM is an independent prognostic factor and should therefore be included in the tumour node metastasis (TNM) staging system. | yes |
16,387,596 | Does omalizumab pretreatment decrease acute reactions after rush immunotherapy for ragweed-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Rush immunotherapy (RIT) presents an attractive alternative to standard immunotherapy. However, RIT carries a much greater risk of acute allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.",
"We hypothesized that omalizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, would be effective in enhancing bot... | Omalizumab pretreatment enhances the safety of RIT for ragweed allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, combined therapy with omalizumab and allergen immunotherapy may be an effective strategy to permit more rapid and higher doses of allergen immunotherapy to be given more safely and with greater efficacy to patients with aller... | yes |
16,387,592 | Does the CC chemokine eotaxin/CCL11 have a selective profibrogenic effect on human lung fibroblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"Eotaxin/CCL11 plays an important role in asthma. It acts through the chemokine receptor CCR3 expressed on hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in the lung.",
"To determine whether eotaxin/CCL11 modulates lung and bronchial fibroblast properties and thereby might contribute to airway remod... | These data demonstrate that eotaxin/CCL11 has a direct and selective profibrogenic effect on lung and bronchial fibroblasts, providing a novel mechanism whereby eotaxin/CCL11 can participate in airway remodeling in asthma. | yes |
16,387,591 | Is parental tobacco smoking associated with augmented IL-13 secretion in children with allergic asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been shown to increase symptoms of allergic bronchial asthma, but direct effects on the expression of inflammatory markers have not been demonstrated thus far.",
"The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of ETS exposure with the exp... | These results indicate that ETS augments the expression and secretion of IL-13 in allergic asthma and that nasopharyngeal aspiration is a suitable method to assess cytokine measurements in airways in children. Measurements of IL-13 in secretions might be taken into account as a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation... | yes |
16,387,413 | Are erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation the most frequently self-reported sexual concerns : profiles of 9,536 men calling a helpline? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the range of sexual problems, as reported by men calling a help-line and to investigate factors associated with help seeking behaviour.",
"The study included all calls between 1999 and 2004. The information used for analysis comprised caller's demographic characteristics, the sexu... | The study demonstrates that ED and PE are men's major sexual concerns with personal and interpersonal factors influencing their help-seeking behaviour. Help-lines can serve as a link between health services and callers, while provide useful information for policy formation and improvement of support services. | yes |
16,387,414 | Does the magnitude of early castration-induced primary tumour regression in prostate cancer predict clinical outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to test whether early castration-induced short-term cellular changes in primary prostate tumours could predict clinical outcome in advanced disease.",
"Biopsies from 83 patients obtained before and within two weeks after surgical castration were investigated. Tumour ep... | Castration therapy causes primary tumour regression in most patients with advanced prostate cancer, but these primary tumour effects are not predictive for systemic disease control. Studies of early changes in metastases during hormonal therapy will probably give more predictive information for clinical outcome than fu... | no |
16,388,954 | Does unplanned splenectomy during oesophagectomy affect survival? | {
"contexts": [
"There are limited and conflicting data available concerning the incidence of inadvertent splenectomy and its impact on the outcome in patients who have undergone oesophagectomy. The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with a likelihood of inadvertent splenectomy and its influe... | Although inadvertent splenectomy increased the morbidity of oesophagectomy, it did not impair survival. Type of operation and advanced N stage are important risks for splenectomy. Though best avoided, most of the consequences of splenectomy can be managed. An unexpected relationship between splenectomy and anastomotic ... | no |
16,374,763 | Does transvaginal ultrasound after first-trimester uterine evacuation reduce the incidence of retained products of conception? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the incidence of retained products of conception (RPOC) in relation to transvaginal ultrasound performed after first-trimester uterine evacuation.",
"This was a prospective randomized study involving 809 women undergoing first-trimester uterine evacuation. The study group included 4... | Transvaginal sonography immediately following first-trimester uterine evacuation may reduce the incidence of RPOC and the total complication rate. When the endometrial thickness is > or = 8 mm at the end of suction curettage, an attempt at re-evacuation of the uterine cavity is indicated. | yes |
16,384,977 | Does repeated administration of adenovector in the eye result in efficient gene delivery? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether repeat administration of an adenovector (Ad) into the eye results in efficient gene delivery and to test whether transgenes can be expressed from an adenovector expression system in the presence of preexisting, neutralizing anti-Ad antibodies.",
"To assess the efficiency ... | These studies suggest that transgene expression after repeated adenovector administration into the eye is feasible and repeated injections, whether given IVT or PO, do not lead to an immediate increase in neutralizing anti-Ad antibody titers. Moreover, preimmunization of mice by systemic exposure to adenovector, does n... | yes |
16,384,971 | Does matrix metalloproteinase-9 amplify the immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal infection? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.",
"Gene array and selective real-time PCR examined MMP expression in the cornea of susceptible (C57BL/6, B6) versus resistant (BALB/c) mice before and after infection; z... | MMP-9 regulates immune function in cornea by proteolysis, potentiating P. aeruginosa keratitis by degrading collagen IV and upregulating chemotactic cytokines/chemokines IL-1beta and MIP-2. | yes |
16,389,265 | Is among inflammation and coagulation markers , PAI-1 a true component of the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether leukocyte count, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity (PAI-1) are increased in subjects with the metabolic syndrome as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) and the Wor... | Evidence for being a true component of the metabolic syndrome is strong for PAI-1, less for leukocyte count and weak for vWF and fibrinogen. | yes |
16,378,193 | Does local granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor improve incisional wound healing in adriamycin-treated rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Neoadjuvant treatment is often given for locally advanced malignancies; however, clinical and experimental studies have shown that some chemotherapeutic agents impair wound healing. It has been reported that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) applied locally improves dermal... | The local injection of GM-CSF improved impaired wound healing in adriamycin-treated rats. | yes |
16,377,921 | Is platelet activity a biomarker of cardiac necrosis and predictive of untoward clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary stenting? | {
"contexts": [
"The relationship between platelet activity and myocardial injury in patients with ST-segment elevated (ST-se) acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. This study tested the hypothesis that platelet activity (expressed by CD62p) is enhanced and predictive of both the extent of myocardial... | Platelet activation was significantly increased in patients with ST-se AMI. Initial CD62p expression was independently associated with extent of myocardial damage and 30-day MACO. | yes |
16,373,371 | Does anther cap retention prevent self-pollination by elaterid beetles in the South African orchid Eulophia foliosa? | {
"contexts": [
"Pollination by insects that spend long periods visiting many flowers on a plant may impose a higher risk of facilitated self-pollination. Orchids and asclepiads are particularly at risk as their pollen is packaged as pollinia and so can be deposited on self-stigmas en masse. Many orchids and ascl... | Flowers of E. foliosa are specialized for pollination by elaterid beetles. Retention of anther caps for a period exceeding average visit times by beetles to inflorescences appears to prevent facilitated self-pollination in E. foliosa effectively. | yes |
16,373,605 | Does transforming growth factor beta 1 induce neointima formation through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-dependent pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanisms through which transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 promotes intimal growth, and the pathways through which TGF-beta1 expression is regulated in the artery wall, are incompletely understood. We used a mouse model to investigate mechanisms of TGF-beta1-induced intimal growth.",
... | PAI-1 is both a critical mediator of TGF-beta1-induced intimal growth and a key negative regulator of TGF-beta1 expression in the artery wall. | yes |
16,396,675 | Does a new experimental approach for studying bacterial genomic island evolution identify island genes with bacterial host-specific expression patterns? | {
"contexts": [
"Genomic islands are regions of bacterial genomes that have been acquired by horizontal transfer and often contain blocks of genes that function together for specific processes. Recently, it has become clear that the impact of genomic islands on the evolution of different bacterial species is sign... | The "clone-and-transfer" approach of evolutionary study identifies genes whose expression patterns indicate the existence of genera-specific regulatory mechanisms that influence the expression of horizontally-transferred DNA sections. The results provide key information that can be used to facilitate the identification... | yes |
16,385,511 | Does interleukin-6 modulate production of T lymphocyte-derived cytokines in antigen-induced arthritis and drives inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the cellular mediators of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and the relative contribution of members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in AIA.",
"AIA was induced in mice deficient in T and B lymphocytes, IL-6 (IL-6(-/-)), TNF (TNF(-/-)), IL-11 recep... | AIA is driven by CD4+ T lymphocytes. IL-6 is an important mediator of bone destruction in AIA because it regulates T lymphocyte production of key osteoclastogenic cytokines and inflammation-induced bone marrow osteoclast differentiation. These findings have implications for reducing bone and joint damage in rheumatoid ... | yes |
16,378,120 | Are [ Withdrawal symptoms of ethanol ameliorated by thymopentin in mice ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of thymopentin (TP5) on the choice of ethanol and ameliorating withdrawal symptoms (anxiety) of ethanol in mice.",
"Mice were administered ethanol (v/v) in schedular fashion: 5% (1 week), 10% (1 week) and 15% (4 weeks), followed with the free choice between ethanol and w... | TP5 could decrease the uptake of ethanol and ameliorate anxious behavior associated with ethanol withdrawal in mice. | yes |
16,373,896 | Is impaired glucose tolerance of pregnancy a heterogeneous metabolic disorder as defined by the glycemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test? | {
"contexts": [
"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), defined by two abnormal glucose values on a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), is associated with insulin resistance and a low serum concentration of adiponectin. The metabolic implications of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) of pregnancy (i.e., a single ... | The metabolic implications of IGT in pregnancy vary in relation to the timing of the abnormal glucose value from the diagnostic OGTT. The metabolic phenotype associated with 1-h IGT resembles that of GDM, whereas the phenotype associated with 2-h/3-h IGT exhibits similarity to that of NGT. | yes |
16,376,645 | Do antioxidant supplements prevent oxidation of cysteine/cystine redox in patients with age-related macular degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Determine whether antioxidant supplements alter the plasma glutathione and/or cysteine redox potential in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.",
"This was an ancillary study to the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS), where subset of AREDS subjects at two sites were studied at t... | The AREDS antioxidant supplements reduced oxidation of E(h) Cys but had no effect on GSH. Because Cys is important for cell growth, apoptosis, and immune function, the beneficial effect of antioxidant supplementation on progression to advanced AMD may be partially explained by its effect on E(h) Cys and/or its effect o... | yes |
16,393,765 | Is work disability in rheumatoid arthritis predicted by physical and psychological health status : a 7-year study from the Oslo RA register? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the prevalence of work disability (WD) and to identify bio-psychological factors that predicts future WD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over a 7-year period.",
"Patients were selected from the Oslo RA register. The prevalence of WD was studied cross-sectionally among respondents <67 ... | Physical disability, increased helplessness, low formal education, and female gender were found to be independent risk factors for new work disability over the 7-year study period. | yes |
16,390,850 | Does n-acetylcysteine attenuate kidney injury in rats subjected to renal ischaemia-reperfusion? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study is to examine the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a thiol-containing anti-oxidant, on renal function and morphology, and biomarkers of oxidative stress, in rats subjected to renal ischaemia-reperfusion (IR).",
"Sprague-Dawley rats underwent unilateral nephrecto... | N-acetylcysteine improves kidney function, and reduces renal interstitial inflammation, in rats subjected to renal IR. These effects were associated with increased renal glutathione levels, and decreased plasma ascorbyl concentrations, suggesting that NAC attenuates renal and systemic oxidative stress in this model. | yes |
16,381,357 | Does laparoscopic splenectomy reduce the need for platelet transfusion in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? | {
"contexts": [
"Laparoscopic splenectomy has been increasingly used in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Because it is associated with minimal abdominal trauma, platelet consumption could be reduced with the laparoscopic approach. The aim of this study was to analyze intraoperative bleeding and ... | Laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe procedure also in patients at high risk for bleeding diathesis. In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, laparoscopic splenectomy should be the gold-standard surgical treatment. Need of platelet transfusion is probably reduced when laparoscopic splenectomy is compared with open surgery... | yes |
16,378,782 | Does pacemaker stress echocardiography predict cardiac events in patients with permanent pacemaker? | {
"contexts": [
"Noninvasive pacemaker stress echocardiography is a newly introduced method for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease in patients with a permanent pacemaker. The prognostic value of pacemaker stress echocardiography has not been studied.",
"We studied 136 patients (mean age 64+/-12 years) w... | Myocardial ischemia during pacemaker stress echocardiography is an independent predictor of cardiac death and all-cause mortality in patients with a permanent pacemaker. | yes |
16,390,551 | Does tGF-beta1 increase proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells by phosphorylation of map kinases? | {
"contexts": [
"Airway remodeling in asthma is the result of increased expression of connective tissue proteins, airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) hyperplasia and hypertrophy. TGF-beta1 has been found to increase ASMC proliferation. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), p38, ERK, and JNK, i... | Our data indicate that ASMCs proliferate in response to TGF-beta1, which is mediated by phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. These findings suggest that TGF-beta1 which is expressed in airways of asthmatics may contribute to irreversible airway remodeling by enhancing ASMC proliferation. | yes |
16,382,287 | Does aCE-inhibitor treatment attenuate atrial structural remodeling in patients with lone chronic atrial fibrillation? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by a remodeling process which involves the development of fibrosis. Since angiotensin II has been suspected to be involved in this process, the aim of our study was to investigate a possible influence of an ACE-I therapy in patients with chronic A... | In patients undergoing ACE-I treatment: atrial structural remodeling was attenuated and the loss of atrial microcapillaries was prevented. | yes |
16,379,026 | Do disease-associated mutations in CNGB3 produce gain of function alterations in cone cyclic nucleotide-gated channels? | {
"contexts": [
"To characterize the functional consequences of disease-associated mutations in the CNGB3 (B3) subunit of human cone photoreceptor cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in order to gain insight into disease mechanisms.",
"Three separate disease-associated mutations were generated in CNGB3: F525N, R... | We have examined the gating effects of two previously uncharacterized disease-associated mutations in the CNGB3 subunit and found that in each case, the mutations resulted in a gain of function molecular phenotype. Furthermore, the magnitude of the effect on channel function correlated with the severity of the associat... | yes |
16,387,805 | Does superoxide dismutase expression attenuate cigarette smoke- or elastase-generated emphysema in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidants are believed to play a major role in the development of emphysema.",
"This study aimed to determine if the expression of human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) within the lungs of mice protects against the development of emphysema.",
"Transgenic CuZnSOD and littermate m... | These findings indicate that strategies aimed at enhancing or supplementing lung antioxidants could be effective for the prevention and treatment of this disease. | yes |
16,399,853 | Does intracoronary photodynamic therapy reduce neointimal growth without suppressing re-endothelialisation in a porcine model? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effects of intracoronary PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a new photosensitiser, MV0611, in the overstretch balloon and stent porcine models of restenosis.",
"28 pigs were injected with 3 mg/kg of MV0611 systemically 4 h before the procedure. Animals were divided into... | Intracoronary PhotoPoint PDT with MV0611 reduces intimal proliferation without suppressing re-endothelialisation in a porcine model of restenosis. | yes |
16,386,087 | Does dorzolamide and timolol save retinal ganglion cells in glaucomatous adult rats? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a dorzolamide-timolol combination or dorzolamide on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density and intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucomatous eyes of adult rats.",
"Glaucoma was induced in the right eye of adult Wistar rats by episcleral venous occl... | Topical application of a dorzolamide-timolol combination or dorzolamide saved RGCs to a significant extent and reduced IOP in glaucomatous rat eyes. | yes |
16,390,235 | Is promoter hypermethylation of the p16 gene and loss of its protein expression correlated with tumor progression in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"The p16 gene is one of the tumor suppressor genes, and its inactivation results in abnormal regulation of the cell cycle in human neoplasms. Promoter hypermethylation, a mechanism of p16 gene inactivation, has been reported to play an important role in tumorigenesis and to be related to patient p... | Promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism in the inactivation of the p16 gene in EBD carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the loss of p16 expression, with or without p16 gene promoter hypermethylation, is closely related to the tumor progression in EBD carcinomas. | yes |
16,387,604 | Do differential effects of risk factors on infant wheeze and atopic dermatitis emphasize a different etiology? | {
"contexts": [
"Atopic dermatitis (AD) often develops in infancy as the first manifestation of the atopic phenotype. Wheezing is also common in infancy, but it is less clear whether infant wheezing should be considered as an atopic phenotype. If infant wheeze and AD share a common aetiology, this would indicate ... | The majority of risk factors had differential effects on infant wheeze and AD indicative of a different etiology. Infant wheezing does not seem to be etiologically linked to the epidemic of atopic disease, and infant wheezing should not be used as an indicator of the atopic phenotype. | yes |
16,394,701 | Does cyclooxygenase-2 induction after oral surgery entirely account for analgesia after selective blockade of cyclooxygenase 2 in the preoperative period? | {
"contexts": [
"The administration of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors before surgery is regarded as an innovative option to manage postoperative pain. This study was designed to (1) examine the efficacy of preoperative cyclooxygenase-2 blockade on postoperative oral pain and (2) compare pain intensity with... | This study indicates that preoperative administration of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ensures effective control of postoperative pain. It is suggested that the selective blockade of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 at the surgical site does not entirely account for the analgesic action occurring in the postoperativ... | no |
16,397,052 | Does vitamin C inactivate the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 in human cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"PS-341 (bortezomib, Velcade), the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of patients with relapsed multiple myeloma, induces apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential water-soluble vitamin required for many n... | Vitamin C directly binds to PS-431, thus inactivating PS-341 independent of its antioxidant activity. Our findings suggest that vitamin C may have a negative effect on PS-341-mediated anticancer activity. | yes |
16,374,009 | Does neutrophil elastase inhibitor ameliorate reperfusion injury in a canine model of lung transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the effects of neutrophil elastase inhibitor ONO-5046 Na on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in a canine model of single lung transplantation.",
"24 mongrel dogs, 12 donors and 12 recipients, were used for single lung transplantation. Lung grafts were preserved for 18 h by col... | Neutrophil elastase inhibitor ONO-5046 Na may be useful in ameliorating lung reperfusion injury after transplantation. | yes |
16,369,836 | Does prefrontal and temporal gray matter density decrease in opiate dependence? | {
"contexts": [
"There have been only a few structural brain-imaging studies, with varied findings, of opiate-dependent subjects. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is suitable for studying whole brain-wise structural brain changes in opiate-dependent subjects.",
"The objective of the current study is to explore g... | This study reports that opiate-dependent subjects have gray matter density decreases in prefrontal and temporal cortex, which may be associated with behavioral and neuropsychological dysfunction in opiate-dependent subjects. | yes |
16,377,929 | Is polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene ( C677T MTHFR ) a confounding factor of the relationship between serum uric acid level and the prevalence of hypertension in Japanese men? | {
"contexts": [
"The association between serum uric acid (UA) and the prevalence of hypertension, and the relationship between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism and hypertension remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the C677T MTHFR mutation genotype (VV) i... | The mutation of C677T MTHFR was not independently associated with the prevalence of hypertension or BP levels although serum UA was. Furthermore, the relationship between serum UA and BP was not modulated by the MTHFR mutation in Japanese men. | no |
16,377,925 | Are prolonged QRS duration and severity of mitral regurgitation unfavorable prognostic markers of heart failure in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"The goal of the present study was to identify predictors of event-free survival in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients after administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and beta-blockers.",
"The study group comprised 78... | In NIDCM patients, prolonged QRS duration is a high risk factor for remodeling and unfavorable events. The severity of mitral regurgitation was also a strong risk predictor. | yes |
16,386,468 | Is posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder common in parents of children with epilepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and major depressive disorder (MDD) in parents of children with epilepsy.",
"Parents (77 mothers and 3 fathers) of children with epilepsy were administered t... | These findings suggest that a significant proportion of parents of children with epilepsy experience PTSD and MDD. Increased awareness of the clinical presentations of these disorders may help clinicians to develop preventive and intervention strategies for parents of children with epilepsy. | yes |
16,374,135 | Are coronary flow reserve and coronary microvascular functions strongly related to serum uric acid concentrations in healthy adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Uric acid is a well known antioxidant; however, the relationship between serum uric acid levels and oxidative stress-caused disorders including cardiovascular diseases is not clear yet. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic measurement of coronary flow reserve is a useful tool to investigate co... | Lower serum uric acid concentrations might be regarded as indicative of coronary microvascular and conductance vessel functionality. | yes |
16,400,060 | Is whole-grain intake inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome and mortality in older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Whole-grain intake has been inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged populations, but the association has not been investigated in older adults. The metabolic consequence of consuming high whole-grain diets may differ in elderly persons, who are prone to greater insulin res... | Whole-grain intake is a modifiable dietary risk factor, and older and young adults should be encouraged to increase their daily intake to > or = 3 servings/d. | yes |
16,375,578 | Do plasma cell-free DNA as an indicator of severity of injury in burn patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Raised levels of plasma cell-free DNA have been detected in various patient groups, including trauma patients. We hypothesized that plasma DNA is increased in burn patients and may represent an objective indicator of burn severity and have predictive as well as prognostic significance.",
"Thi... | Plasma DNA is increased after burn injury and is significantly correlated with some outcome measures, including the length of hospital stay. DNA levels are higher in flame/flash patients than in scald patients; the difference may provide an objective indication of burn depth and inhalation injury. | yes |
16,377,507 | Do plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with number of lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic activation of hemostasis and fibrolysis has been shown to be related to tumor progression in patients with malignancies such as lung cancer and colorectal cancer, but there has been no report of these clotting abnormalities in esophageal cancer. We investigated the clinical importance of... | Plasma DD levels are useful for assessing lymph node metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer and should be measured preoperatively. | yes |
16,380,297 | Does folic acid supplementation reduce the development of some blood cell abnormalities in children receiving carbamazepine? | {
"contexts": [
"Carbamazepine is a commonly used anticonvulsant agent; however, it has been linked with various blood cell abnormalities. This study evaluated the effect of low-dose folic acid supplementation on the prevention of carbamazepine-induced hematological derangements in children.",
"This randomize... | Folic acid is a safe drug that can reduce the development of some blood cell abnormalities linked to carbamazepine. It has a favorable effect on preventing the leukopenia and drop in hemoglobin observed in patients receiving carbamazepine, but its exact effect and the optimal dose required to enhance its benefits requi... | yes |
16,394,287 | Is eosinophilia in the upper gastrointestinal tract a characteristic feature in cow 's milk sensitive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease . Measurement by two methodologies? | {
"contexts": [
"An association between cow's milk hypersensitivity (CMH) and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in childhood has been reported in the past decade.",
"To assess whether biopsies from the upper gastrointestinal tract of children with cow's milk sensitive GERD have a specific allergic infl... | CMH was found not only in infants but also in school age children with GERD. Histology did not identify the cow's milk sensitive GERD subgroup. The computerised histological method provides a more complete evaluation based upon total biopsy area, and helped to limit the bias of uneven biopsy size. | no |
16,387,828 | Is coronary flow reserve preserved in white-coat hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the possible influence of white-coat hypertension (WCH) on coronary flow reserve (CFR).",
"CFR was measured by means of transthoracic second harmonic Doppler echocardiography in 29 patients with WCH, 32 patients with sustained hypertension and 35 healthy volunteers.",
"CFR was s... | CFR is preserved in patients with WCH. | yes |
16,374,753 | Is first-trimester maternal serum level of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A an independent predictor of fetal maxillary bone length? | {
"contexts": [
"To derive a nomogram of fetal maxillary bone length (MAX) for a Chinese population and to study whether first-trimester maternal serum levels of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is an independent predictor of fetal MAX.",
"This was a prospective observational study over 10 month... | Both CRL and maternal levels of PAPP-A are independent predictors of the fetal MAX measured during the first trimester. The positive correlation between PAPP-A levels and fetal MAX is consistent with the known biological function of PAPP-A on bone growth. This association must be adjusted for when both PAPP-A and MAX a... | yes |
16,378,187 | Does minimal extrathyroid extension affect the relapse-free survival of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma measuring 4 cm or less over the age of 45 years? | {
"contexts": [
"In the most recent version of the UICC TNM classification system for thyroid carcinoma, tumors with minimal extrathyroid extension were classified as T3. In this study, we investigated whether this upgrading is appropriate for papillary thyroid carcinoma.",
"We investigated the difference in ... | These findings suggest that tumors with minimal extension should be classified to have the same T grade as those without such extension, and upstaging of such tumors is therefore not appropriate. | no |
16,384,532 | Does 17Beta-estradiol suppress TLR3-induced cytokine and chemokine production in endometrial epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The human endometrium is an important site for contact between the host and pathogens ascending the reproductive tract, and thus plays an important role in female reproductive tract immunity. Previous work in our laboratory has suggested that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in endometrial... | The data presented in this study are the first indication that E2 can markedly alter the innate immune response to dsRNA, providing a previously unreported process by which E2 can alter immune responses. | yes |
16,395,753 | Does steroid therapy improve endothelial function in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial dysfunction has been found to be present in subjects with both small and medium-size blood vessel vasculitides. We assess whether endothelial dysfunction was also present in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) and whether it might be improved following steroid treat... | Endothelial function is significantly impaired in individuals with active biopsy-proven GCA. The results highlight the importance of steroid therapy to improve endothelial function after suppression of the inflammation of GCA. | yes |
16,398,934 | Are plasma LDL and HDL characteristics and carotenoid content positively influenced by egg consumption in an elderly population? | {
"contexts": [
"Approximately 1/3 of individuals have a high plasma response to dietary cholesterol (hyper-responders). Although increases in both LDL and HDL cholesterol have been observed, limited data exist regarding effects of egg consumption on lipoprotein subclasses and circulating carotenoids.",
"29 p... | These findings suggest that the increases in LDL-C and HDL-C due to increased egg consumption in hyper-responders are not related to an increased number of LDL or HDL particles but, to an increase in the less atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions. Also, increases in plasma carotenoids after EGG may provide a valuable di... | yes |
16,396,727 | Is generalized joint hypermobility more common in chronic fatigue syndrome than in healthy control subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed at (1) comparing the prevalence of generalized hypermobility in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and healthy volunteers, (2) examining the clinical importance of generalized hypermobility in patients with CFS, and (3) examining whether knee proprioception is associate... | These data indicate that a subgroup of patients with CFS present with generalized joint hypermobility and most patients with of CFS fulfill the diagnostic criteria for BJHS. There appears to be no association between musculoskeletal pain and joint hypermobility in patients with CFS. | yes |
16,396,724 | Does spinal manipulation reduce pain and hyperalgesia after lumbar intervertebral foramen inflammation in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"To document potential mediating effects of the Activator-assisted spinal manipulative therapy (ASMT) on pain and hyperalgesia after acute intervertebral foramen (IVF) inflammation.",
"The IVF inflammation was mimicked by in vivo delivery of inflammatory soup directly into the L5 IVF in adult ... | These studies show that ASMT can significantly reduce the severity and shorten the duration of pain and hyperalgesia caused by lumbar IVF inflammation. This effect may result from ASMT-induced faster elimination of the inflammation and recovery of excitability of the inflamed DRG neurons by improving blood and nutritio... | yes |
16,396,729 | Does chiropractic manipulation affect the difference between arterial systolic blood pressures on the left and right in normotensive subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study is to determine whether chiropractic manipulation is associated with any measurable changes in the difference between the arterial blood pressures on the left and right before and after treatment in normotensive subjects.",
"A nonrandomized, matched pair, controlled ... | Chiropractic treatment appears to have an effect on the difference in systolic blood pressure between the arms, which is not shown in the control group or the diastolic treatment group values. This may be attributable to a difference between the 2 groups' preintervention systolic values; however, there was no significa... | yes |
16,396,683 | Is interleukin-12 essential for silicosis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Silicosis features foci of inflammation where macrophages and lymphocytes precede and accompany fibroblast proliferation, alveolar epithelial hyperplasia, and increased deposition of connective tissue matrix material. In the mouse following silica inhalation there is recruitment of natural killer... | The axis of IL-12 driving IFN-gamma production is not essential for the full manifestations of silicosis in mice exposed to a crystobalite silica aerosol. | no |
16,397,925 | Do serum anti-p53 antibodies occur in patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies? | {
"contexts": [
"P53 is a key protein which controls cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Auto-antibodies against p53 have been detected in some cancer patients and also in patients with autoimmune diseases. In these patients, the main cause of anti-p53 antibody occurrence was considered to ... | Anti-p53 antibodies do not occur in patients with heart failure due to IDC and ICM, possible explanations are discussed in the text. | no |
16,387,045 | Is a vector-based , 5-electrode , 12-lead monitoring ECG ( EASI ) equivalent to conventional 12-lead ECG for diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes? | {
"contexts": [
"The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram (cECG) derived from 10 electrodes using a cardiograph is the gold standard for diagnosing myocardial ischemia. This study tested the hypothesis that a new 5-electrode 12-lead vector-based ECG (EASI; Philips Medical Systems, formerly Hewlett Packard Co, B... | EASI is equivalent to cECG for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia. | yes |
16,382,293 | Do cardioprotective-mimetics reduce myocardial infarct size in animals resistant to ischemic preconditioning? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) elicits two distinct windows of cardioprotection, an early phase that lasts for 1-2 h and a delayed phase that lasts for 24-72 h. However, there is conflicting data as to how long the heart is resistant to IPC-induced cardioprotection after the initial protection wa... | IPC resistance occurs in this canine model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, in spite of IPC resistance, hearts can still be pharmacologically protected by direct application of the K(ATP) channel opener bimakalim or the NHE inhibitor EMD 85131. | yes |
16,382,297 | Does carvedilol exert more potent antiadrenergic effect than metoprolol in heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"It is still uncertain whether or not there is a difference between metoprolol and carvedilol for the treatment of congestive heart failure. We attempted to determine the difference between the two beta-blockers in terms of their antiadrenergic effect during exercise in patients with heart failure... | Carvedilol exerts a more potent antiadrenergic effect than metoprolol during stress in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. Carvedilol appears to be more efficacious than metoprolol in patients who exhibit higher baseline brain natriuretic peptide concentrations. These differences should be kept in mind when s... | yes |
16,372,913 | Are long-term air pollution exposure and living close to busy roads associated with COPD in women? | {
"contexts": [
"Lung function and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been associated with short-term exposure to air pollution. However, the effect of long-term exposure to particulate matter from industry and traffic on COPD as defined by lung function has not been evaluated so f... | Chronic exposure to PM10, NO2 and living near a major road might increase the risk of developing COPD and can have a detrimental effect on lung function. | yes |
16,386,349 | Does pAR-2 activating peptide-induced stimulation of pregnant rat myometrium contractile activity partly involve the other membrane receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"To study if spontaneous contractions augmented by proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2)-activating peptide serine-leucine-isoleucine-glycine-arginine-leucine (SLIGRL) involve coactivation of membrane chemoceptors and are associated with expression of PAR-2 mRNA in non-pregnant and pregnant rat ... | P<0.05. | yes |
16,372,254 | Do radiological findings support lateral residual tumour as a major cause of local recurrence of rectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine the sites of local recurrence following radical (R0) total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer in an effort to elucidate the reasons for recurrence.",
"Thirty-seven patients with recurrence following curative resection for rectal cancer were iden... | Lateral pelvic lymph node metastases are not a major cause of local recurrence after TME. Partial mesorectal excision may be associated with an increased risk of local recurrence from tumours in the upper rectum. | no |
16,373,965 | Do biphasic chromatin structure and FISH signals in reflect intranuclear order? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the two parental allelic genes may selectively be expressed, regulated by imprinting, X-inactivation or by other less known mechanisms. This study aims to reflect on such genetic mechanisms.",
"Slides from short term cultures or direct smears of blood, bone marrow and amniotic fluids w... | A small number of cells (up to about 5%), more frequent in leukemia cases, showed the twin features: (1) nuclei with biphasic chromatin, one part decondensed and the other condensed; and (2) homologous FISH signals distributed equitably in those two regions. The biphasic chromatin structure with equitable distribution ... | yes |
16,377,126 | Do gold-induced reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) mediate suppression of monocytic mitochondrial or secretory function? | {
"contexts": [
"The toxicity of anti-rheumatic gold compounds has limited their use and development, yet both the toxicological and therapeutic actions of these compounds remain unclear. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by Au(I) or Au(III) co... | Our results do not indicate that ROS and redox effects play major roles in mediating the cytotoxicity of AF, GSTM or Au(III). | no |
16,390,557 | Does plasmapheresis reverse all side-effects of a cisplatin overdose -- a case report and treatment recommendation? | {
"contexts": [
"Cisplatin is widely used as an antineoplastic agent since it is effective against a broad spectrum of different tumours. Nevertheless, it has several potential side effects affecting different organ systems and an overdose may lead to life-threatening complications and even death.",
"We repor... | To date, no general accepted guidelines for the treatment of cisplatin overdoses are available. Along with the experience from other published cases, our report shows that plasmapheresis is capable of lowering cisplatin plasma and serum levels efficiently. Therefore, plasma exchange performed as soon as possible can am... | yes |
16,393,945 | Does high-resolution intravital NADH fluorescence microscopy allow measurements of tissue bioenergetics in rat ileal mucosa? | {
"contexts": [
"NADH fluorescence microscopy has been used as an index of the metabolic state of tissue but is associated with various obstacles such as low spatial resolution and quenching effects of blood pigments that prevent reliable monitoring of tissue bioenergetics. The objective of this study was to deve... | With this system, intravital NADH fluorescence microscopy provides the high resolution necessary to reliably monitor tissue bioenergetics in the rat ileal mucosa. | yes |
16,393,946 | Are tissue bioenergetics and microvascular perfusion impaired in rat ileal mucosa in normotensive sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to a bacterial infection. Inflammation may result in injury to the small bowel and an increase in translocation of bacteria and toxins across the mucosal barrier, which may contribute to the progression of sepsis. Microcirculatory perfusion or cytopathic... | Sepsis is associated with bioenergetic impairment and capillary hypoperfusion at the villus tip and a decrease in red cell flux in the central arteriole. | yes |
16,374,018 | Are postprandial adiponectin levels unlikely to contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate fasting and postprandial adiponectin levels in PWS patients as compared to obese and lean subjects and whether they could contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity in this syndrome.",
"We studied 7 patients with PWS, 16 obese patients and 42 lean subjects for the fasting study.... | Fasting adiponectin levels are low in PWS, but they are so mildly modulated postprandially that these changes do not seem significant for the pathogenesis of obesity in this syndrome. | yes |
16,374,019 | Is age an important determinant of the growth hormone response to sprint exercise in non-obese young men? | {
"contexts": [
"The factors that regulate the growth hormone (GH) response to physiological stimuli, such as exercise, are not fully understood. The aim of the present study is to determine whether age, body composition, measures of sprint performance or the metabolic response to a sprint are predictors of the G... | In non-obese young men, age is a more important predictor of GH following sprint exercise than BMI, sprint performance or the metabolic response to sprint exercise. | yes |
16,387,818 | Is heart-type fatty acid binding protein a novel prognostic marker in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether concentrations of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) measured before hospital discharge predict critical cardiac events in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).",
"92 consecutive patients with DCM were enrolled and followed up for four years."... | The concentration of serum H-FABP before discharge from hospital may be an independent predictor for critical cardiac events in DCM. | yes |
16,377,506 | Does transfusion increase the risk of postoperative infection after cardiovascular surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Because of the immunomodulatory effects of transfusion, we attempted to identify factors associated with blood product use and determine the association of transfusion quantity with postoperative infection.",
"We studied total perioperative transfusion of blood products for 15,592 cardiovascu... | Blood products tended to be used in the sickest patients. But after accounting for this, risk of infection increased incrementally with each unit of blood transfused. Although cause and effect cannot be established, results suggested that blood product transfusion is an independent risk factor for postoperative infecti... | yes |
16,385,087 | Does metformin inhibit proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB in human vascular wall cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Metformin may benefit the macrovascular complications of diabetes independently of its conventional hypoglycemic effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory processes participate in type 2 diabetes and its atherothrombotic manifestations. Therefore, this study examined the potential... | These data suggest that metformin can exert a direct vascular anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-kappaB through blockade of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The novel anti-inflammatory actions of metformin may explain in part the apparent clinical reduction by metformin of cardiovascular events not fully attributable to it... | yes |
16,376,860 | Do physical activity and restlessness correlate with leptin levels in patients with adolescent anorexia nervosa? | {
"contexts": [
"In food-restricted rats, leptin suppresses semistarvation-induced hyperactivity (SIH) and decreases exploratory behavior. Leptin ameliorates anxiety-related movement in ob/ob mice. In this study, we assessed the relationship between leptin and qualities of physical activity and restlessness in ac... | This is the first study linking hypoleptinemia in AN patients to subjective and objective measures of higher physical activity and motor and inner restlessness. Leptin may directly or indirectly (or both) influence behaviors and cognitions contributing to hyperactivity and motor restlessness. | yes |
16,378,611 | Is decreased plasma CXCL16/SR-PSOX concentration associated with coronary artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate for the first time whether the plasma CXCL16 concentration is altered in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.",
"Accumulating evidence suggests that the novel chemokine/scavenger receptor CXCL16/SR-PSOX is involved in the development of atherosclerosis and CAD.",
"Using ... | The finding that lower plasma CXCL16 concentration is associated with CAD might indicate a potential atheroprotective function of CXCL16. | yes |
16,372,152 | Does method of presenting oncology treatment outcomes influence patient treatment decision-making in metastatic colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The methods used to communicate relevant outcomes in oncology to patients will likely influence treatment decisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of three different methods of describing the efficacy of therapy on treatment decisions regarding management of metastatic co... | This study demonstrated that different methods of describing oncology treatment outcomes associated with therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver can have a dramatic effect on patient treatment decisions. | yes |
16,387,170 | Does hepatic arterial buffer response fail to restore hepatic oxygenation after temporary liver dearterialization in canines? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic artery thrombosis is a rare but extremely troublesome condition after liver transplantation. Recently, urgent arterial revascularization has been used as rescue therapy, leading to improved graft and patient survivals. Hepatic artery ligation produces a progressive reduction in portal vei... | Temporary hepatic artery occlusion induced a progressive decrease in portal vein blood flow during ischemia, an effect that continued during the reperfusion period. The hepatic artery blood flow was promptly restored after declamping. However, HABR was not able to restore hepatic oxygen delivery to baseline levels duri... | yes |
16,387,173 | Does transfection of CD40Ig into liver prevent acute rejection in rat liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of CD40Ig upon acute rejection of rat liver transplants.",
"Thirty-two orthotopic liver transplants were performed using Lewis to BN rats with \"the two-cuff technique\". The rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group A served as controls (n = 10); group B (... | CD40Ig transfection inhibited T-cell costimulatory pathway, prevented acute rejection, and prolonged graft survival. | yes |
16,389,162 | Do diabetes treatments have differential effects on nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine the effect of basal insulin, alone or with a sensitizer, or a combination of oral agents on nontraditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).",
"We randomized 57 patients with T2DM to either (1) continuous subcutaneous basal Lispro insulin at... | We conclude that excellent glycemic control per se does not impact nontraditional risk factors for CVD equally, but various diabetes medications have different effects on these risk factors. These findings may have implications for making appropriate therapeutic choices for patients with Type 2 diabetes, although large... | yes |
16,395,639 | Does [ Private umbilical cord blood banking reduce the number of samples for scientific stem cell research ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Private umbilical cord blood (UCB) banking after delivery has increased over the last decade. For adult/somatic stem cell research UCB is an essential source of stem cells and researchers question if the number of UCB samples for research might be reduced by private banking.",
"A survey among... | Under the assumption of active and successful recruitment of scientific UCB samples, private blood banking does not significantly reduce this rate and therefore is a negligible rival in the competition for sufficient numbers of UCB samples for research. | no |
16,389,168 | Does motor cortical excitability remain unaffected of short-term hyperglycemia in Type 1 diabetic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"In diabetic patients, hyperglycemia may precipitate seizures, and in experimental diabetes, indications for an increased neuronal excitability have been found. In this study, the excitability of the motor cortex and conduction of the central motor pathways were studied in diabetic patients in rel... | The excitability of motor cortex and central motor nerve conduction in Type 1 diabetic patients are unaffected by short-term moderate hyperglycemia as compared with normoglycemia. | yes |
16,390,666 | Are meal and snack patterns associated with dietary intake of energy and nutrients in US adults? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that specific meal and snack patterns are associated with selected nutrient intakes in US adults.",
"Using the 24-hour dietary recall from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, meal and snack patterns were described in rel... | Findings from this cross-sectional survey suggest that meal and snack patterns may be markers for nutrient intakes and therefore diet quality. Complete nutrient intakes should be considered in investigations of meal patterns and health outcomes. | yes |
16,390,668 | Is nutrition knowledge associated with greater weight loss in obese and overweight low-income mothers? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine if greater nutrition knowledge vs gains in knowledge promote more successful weight loss in low-income, overweight and obese mothers with young children.",
"A convenience sample of mothers and their children were measured for height and weight; mothers completed demographic and nut... | Weight-management programs should include a strong component of nutrition education to alleviate knowledge inequalities and promote more effective weight control. In low-income mothers, greater initial knowledge may be more predictive of weight loss than gains in knowledge during an intervention. | yes |
16,401,474 | Is sustained phosphorylation of Bid a marker for resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis during chronic liver diseases? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased rates of apoptosis have been reported to play a role in the pathophysiology of many disorders, including liver diseases. Conversely, genetic mutations that result in impairment of programmed cell death have been associated with cancer development. However, apoptosis resistance can also ... | We propose a model in which the phosphorylation status of Bid determines the apoptotic threshold of hepatocytes in vivo. Furthermore, resistance to apoptosis in chronic cholestasis may contribute to the long-term risk of cancer in this setting. | yes |
16,379,498 | Is promoter variation in the DC-SIGN-encoding gene CD209 associated with tuberculosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Tuberculosis, which is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The C-type lectin DC-SIGN is known to be the major M. tuberculosis receptor on human dendritic cells. We reasoned that if DC-SIGN interacts with M. tuberculosis, as well as with ... | Our observations suggest that the two -871G and -336A variants confer protection against tuberculosis. In addition, the geographic distribution of these two alleles, together with their phylogenetic status, suggest that they may have increased in frequency in non-African populations as a result of host genetic adaptati... | yes |
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