pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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16,390,466 | Is collagen degradation by interleukin-1beta-stimulated gingival fibroblasts accompanied by release and activation of multiple matrix metalloproteinases and cysteine proteinases? | {
"contexts": [
"Several collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have recently been identified in gingival fibroblasts, while secreted cysteine proteinases could also participate in connective tissue destruction in periodontitis. To clarify their involvement, we examined enzyme release during collagen bre... | Fibroblast MMP-1 was most likely responsible for collagen dissolution in the culture model, while cathepsin B may have been part of an activation pathway. All studied proteinases contribute to extracellular matrix destruction in inflamed gingival tissue, where they probably activate each other in proteolytic cascades. | yes |
16,390,465 | Do increase of MMP-13 expression in multi-stage oral carcinogenesis and epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppress MMP-13 expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play pivotal roles in tumor progression. MMP-13 (collagenase-3) digests collagen and other extracellular components.",
"Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and zymograph were used to study the roles of MMP-13 during t... | MMP-13 could be a potential tumor marker for OSCC. The effects of EGCG in tumor inhibition may act partially through the modulation of MMP-13. | yes |
16,399,101 | Does intensive continuing medical education course training on simulators result in proficiency for laparoscopic suturing? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a validated suturing curriculum as a free-standing continuing medical education (CME) course.",
"Eighteen participants (9 practicing surgeons, 9 surgery residents) attended a 4-hour laparoscopic sutur... | Although 4 hours may be insufficient for some trainees, an intensive half-day CME course is feasible and effective in significantly improving performance and allowing the majority of participants to achieve proficiency. | yes |
16,399,104 | Do abdominal positron-emission tomography lesions with increased standardized uptake values correlate with intraoperative findings? | {
"contexts": [
"The reporting of standardized uptake value (SUV) on fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) in colorectal cancer is becoming common practice, but its clinical utility remains to be determined. This study was designed to compare FDG-PET uptake as measured by SUV with operat... | This initial study indicates patients with potentially resectable disease by PET scan but decreased FDG uptake should undergo laparoscopic evaluation before performing laparotomy. | yes |
16,382,262 | Does chlorthalidone improve endothelial-mediated vascular responses in hypertension complicated by nondiabetic metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The study was conducted to evaluate the vascular effects of chlorthalidone, a distal tubule-acting natriuretic agent, in hypertensive patients with nondiabetic metabolic syndrome, an insulin-resistant condition characterized by endothelial dysfunction and high risk for diabetes mellitus developme... | Chlorthalidone improved endothelial function, reversed abnormal arteriolar structure, and slowed albumin permeation in hypertensive patients with nondiabetic metabolic syndrome. | yes |
16,382,263 | Does heparin therapy lead to platelet activation and prolongation of PFA-100 closure time? | {
"contexts": [
"Heparin is used in the treatment of venous and arterial thromboembolic events, including unstable angina. Once unfractionated heparin is discontinued during the acute phase of unstable angina, it has been demonstrated that the disease process may be reactivated within hours. It is hypothesized th... | Unfractionated heparin leads to direct platelet activation and increases platelet aggregation in vitro. Unfractionated heparin causes prolongation of the collagen/adenosine diphosphate closure time in PFA-100 testing, possibly as a result of direct binding to von Willebrand factor in solution and interference with von ... | yes |
16,388,741 | Does [ p42/44 MAPK mediate synthesis of fractalkine by mesangial cells stimulated by connective tissue growth factor ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) induces the production of fractalkine(FLK) by glomerular mesangial cells of rats, and explore the mechanism of signal pathway of CTGF actions.",
"The mRNA expression of FLK was analyzed by RT-PCR in cultured mesangial cells stimulated b... | CTGF-induced secretion of FLK by mesangial cells was associated with the phosphorylation of p24/p44 MAPK. | yes |
16,384,654 | Does analysis of neovascularization of PEGT/PBT-copolymer dermis substitute in balb/c-mice? | {
"contexts": [
"A fundamental prerequisite for using degradable synthetic biopolymers as composite skin substitutes is the ability to establish vascular tissue. PEGT/PBT block-copolymer matrices have previously been shown as a favorable dermal substitute. In this study, quantitative data on neovascularization of... | There is evidence that the three-dimensional structure of PEGT/PBT-block-copolymer (pore size structure) influences neovascularization. The porous structures of copolymer matrices with adequate interconnection of pores (pore sizes of 75-212 and 250-300 microm) are characterized by faster ingrowth of vascular tissue. | yes |
16,394,095 | Does weight loss reduce adipose tissue cathepsin S and its circulating levels in morbidly obese women? | {
"contexts": [
"Human adipose tissue produces several adipokines, including the newly identified protein cathepsin S (CTSS), a cysteine protease involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Obesity is characterized by high levels of CTSS in the circulation and in sc white adipose tissue (scWAT).",
"We in... | Changes in CTSS scWAT might contribute to serum variations in CTSS during weight loss. The decrease in CTSS concentrations in the circulation may contribute to vascular improvement in obese subjects after weight loss. | yes |
16,394,090 | Do common polymorphisms of the growth hormone ( GH ) receptor correlate with the growth response to exogenous recombinant human GH in GH-deficient children? | {
"contexts": [
"GH acts through the GH receptor (GHR), whose polymorphisms might affect the growth response to recombinant human GH (rhGH).",
"The objective of this study was to investigate possible influences of GHR polymorphisms on the growth response to rhGH in GH-deficient (GHD) children.",
"This was... | The most common GHR polymorphisms, alone or in association, do not appear to affect the growth response to rhGH in GHD children. | no |
16,374,169 | Is simulation-based training superior to problem-based learning for the acquisition of critical assessment and management skills? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether full-scale simulation (SIM) is superior to interactive problem-based learning (PBL) for teaching medical students acute care assessment and management skills.",
"Randomized controlled trial.",
"Simulation center at a U.S. medical school.",
"Thirty-one fourth-year ... | For fourth-year medical students, simulation-based learning was superior to problem-based learning for the acquisition of critical assessment and management skills. | yes |
16,397,027 | Does cXCL12 attract CXCR4+ human metastatic neuroblastoma cells : clinical implications? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of CXCR4 in bone marrow localization of neuroblastoma cells has been recently proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and chemotactic functionality of CXCR4 in human metastatic neuroblastoma cells isolated from the bone marrow and, for comparison, in a panel of ... | These results show unambiguously that CXCR4 expressed in human metastatic neuroblastoma cells is not functional and do not support the clinical use of CXCR4 antagonists to prevent neuroblastoma metastasis. | no |
16,393,326 | Do in chronic idiopathic urticaria autoantibodies against Fc epsilonRII/CD23 induce histamine release via eosinophil activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic idiopathic urticaria is a common skin disorder characterized by recurrent, transitory, itchy weals for more than 6 weeks. An autoimmune origin has been suggested based on the findings of auto-antibodies (Abs) directed against either the alpha subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor or t... | Our results indicate that patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria have Abs against CD23 and that eosinophils, which infiltrate the skin of these patients, play a crucial role in maintaining the disease through the release of major basic protein upon engagement of the low-affinity IgE receptor by such auto-Abs. | yes |
16,393,321 | Are clinical effects of probiotics associated with increased interferon-gamma responses in very young children with atopic dermatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"We recently demonstrated that administration of probiotics resulted in significant clinical improvement in very young children with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). The purpose of this study was to determine the underlying immunological effects that are associated with these apparent cl... | The improvement in AD severity with probiotic treatment was associated with significant increases in the capacity for Th1 IFN-gamma responses and altered responses to skin and enteric flora. This effect was still evident 2 months after the supplementation was ceased. The lack of consistent effects on allergen-specific ... | yes |
16,391,465 | Is tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene G-308A polymorphism a risk factor for the development of membranous glomerulonephritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine. Recently, the G-308A polymorphism of the TNF-alpha gene has been associated with modified gene expression and increased TNF-alpha production in the -308A allele. We evaluated its influence on the incidence and clinical ... | Our results suggest that TNF-alpha gene G-308A polymorphism is a risk factor for the development of membranous glomerulonephritis. | yes |
16,391,469 | Is methionine-induced elevation of plasma homocysteine concentration associated with an increase of plasma cholesterol in adult rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Dietary methionine affects cholesterol metabolism in growing rats. Methionine effects on adult rats and mechanisms by which methionine alters the lipid metabolism are not fully elucidated. We investigated possible mechanisms by which dietary methionine acts on lipid metabolism of adult rats.",
... | The results demonstrate that dietary methionine contributes to a rise in circulating homocysteine concentration which positively correlates with the concentration of plasma cholesterol. However, the effects of methionine on cholesterol metabolism of adult rats were relatively weak. | yes |
16,395,677 | Do erythrocyte concentrations of metabolites or cumulative doses of 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate predict liver changes in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"During therapy consisting of 6MP and MTX, metabolites accumulate in the erythrocytes. The erythrocyte levels of metabolites reflect the intensity of therapy. Whether they are associated with hepatotoxicity manifested as histological liver changes is not known. We studied the association of the me... | Erythrocyte levels of the metabolites or the cumulative doses of 6MP and MTX do not predict histological liver disease in children treated for ALL. | no |
16,371,610 | Is intranasal sufentanil effective for postoperative analgesia in adults? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare two doses of intranasal sufentanil for postoperative analgesia, titrated according to individual requirements based upon a numeric rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10 for pain.",
"Forty patients, American Society of Anesth... | Nasal administration of 0.050 microg x kg(-1) /puff sufentanil allowed a NRS < 4 to be attained within one hour in all patients, with efficacy achieved after 20 min. These findings suggest that the intranasal route is an effective mode of sufentanil administration for immediate postoperative analgesia in adult patients... | yes |
16,371,613 | Do a single dose of fentanyl and midazolam prior to Cesarean section have no adverse neonatal effects? | {
"contexts": [
"Analgesia and sedation, routinely used as adjunct medications for regional anesthesia, are rarely used in the pregnant patient because of concerns about adverse neonatal effects. In an effort to obtain more information about maternal analgesia and sedation we studied neonatal and maternal effects... | Maternal analgesia and sedation with fentanyl (1 microg x kg(-1)) and midazolam (0.02 mg x kg(-1)) immediately prior to spinal anesthesia is not associated with adverse neonatal effects. | yes |
16,371,614 | Is when a leak unavoidable , preoxygenation is equally ineffective with vital capacity or tidal volume breathing? | {
"contexts": [
"Ideally, preoxygenation is performed using a tight fitting mask either by breathing normally for three to five minutes or with four to eight vital capacity (VC) breaths in 0.5 to one minute, but in practice leaks are frequent and sometimes unavoidable. This study was designed to determine which b... | Preoxygenation with tidal volume breathing for three minutes yields higher F(EO(2)) in comparison to four VCs. If a small leak (4 mm internal diameter) is introduced, the F(EO(2)) decreases significantly with both breathing methods to approximately 60%. | yes |
16,393,214 | Is a functional promotor polymorphism of TNF-alpha associated with primary gastric B-Cell lymphoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The host genetic background to develop primary gastric B-cell lymphoma in patients with chronic Helicobacter pylori infection is unknown. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha plays a key role in H. pylori-associated inflammation and appears to be involved in the evolution of lymphoproliferative diso... | In conclusion, our data provide further evidence for host genetic factors in the susceptibility of Caucasians to gastric B-cell lymphoma. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanistic role of TNF-alpha in tumorigenesis. | yes |
16,397,019 | Is activation of stat3 in primary tumors from high-risk breast cancer patients associated with elevated levels of activated SRC and survivin expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Constitutive activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) protein has been observed in a wide variety of tumors, including breast cancer, and contributes to oncogenesis at least in part by prevention of apoptosis. In a study of 45 patients with high-risk breast cancer ... | Our findings suggest important roles for elevated activities of Stat3 and Src, as well as Survivin expression, in malignant progression of breast cancer. Furthermore, elevated Stat3 activity correlates inversely with complete pathologic response. These findings suggest that specific Stat3 or Src inhibitors could offer ... | yes |
16,397,013 | Do soluble donor DNA concentrations in recipient serum correlate with pancreas-kidney rejection? | {
"contexts": [
"There is no reliable serum marker available to monitor incipient pancreas or islet-cell rejection. We tested the hypothesis that quantification of donor-specific genomic DNA in serum (from tissue damage) can serve as a marker of rejection.",
"Using a recently developed panel of HLA-specific q... | Q-PCR for donor-specific genetic polymorphisms merits further investigation as a noninvasive approach to monitor pancreas-kidney as well as other types of allograft rejection. | yes |
16,369,985 | Does surgery by consultant gynecologic oncologists improve survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Consultant gynecologic oncologists from the regional Comprehensive Cancer Center assisted community gynecologists in the surgical treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma when they were invited. For this report, the authors evaluated the effects of primary surgery by a gynecologic oncologist ... | The surgical treatment of patients with ovarian carcinoma by gynecologic oncologists occurred more often according to surgical guidelines, tumor removal more often was complete, and survival was improved. | yes |
16,370,052 | Does prodromal angina reduce infarcted mass less in interventionally reperfused than in thrombolysed myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"There is a lot of evidence that angina during the 24-48 h before a reperfused myocardial infarction improves the evolution of the patients. However, there are studies that failed to demonstrate this protective effect of preinfarction angina in an interventional reperfusion setting.",
"To comp... | Preinfarction angina under 48 hours significantly reduces infarcted mass (measured by ECG and enzymes) in thrombolysed patients, but not in the interventional group. However, PIA reduced arrhythmic end-point in interventional setting. | yes |
16,401,421 | Does the WAVE2 complex regulate actin cytoskeletal reorganization and CRAC-mediated calcium entry during T cell activation? | {
"contexts": [
"The engagement of the T cell receptor results in actin cytoskeletal reorganization at the immune synapse (IS) and the triggering of biochemical signaling cascades leading to gene regulation and, ultimately, cellular activation. Recent studies have identified the WAVE family of proteins as critica... | These data reveal a role for WAVE2 in regulating multiple pathways leading to T cell activation. In particular, this work shows that WAVE2 is a key component of the actin regulatory machinery in T cells and that it also participates in linking intracellular calcium store depletion to calcium release-activated calcium (... | yes |
16,399,111 | Does treatment with Met-RANTES decrease bacterial translocation in experimental colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"During colitis, epithelial function is impaired, leading to increased bacterial translocation. Recent studies have shown the important role of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted), in inflammatory bowel diseases... | These results suggest that chemokine receptor antagonists may potentially be useful in the treatment of IBDs. | yes |
16,387,009 | Is rubella virus associated with fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether rubella virus (RV) is involved in the pathogenesis of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI).",
"Retrospective patient-controlled study.",
"Intraocular immunoglobulin G production against RV, herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and Toxoplasma go... | Rubella virus, but not HSV, VZV, or T gondii, is associated with FHI. | yes |
16,378,257 | Is an absent pulse sensitive for the early detection of peripheral arterial disease? | {
"contexts": [
"This study's objective was to determine the test characteristics of pedal pulse palpation in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) when compared to the more widely recommended screening tool, the ankle-brachial index (ABI).",
"We screened patients > 50 years of age for PAD within... | Pulse palpation is not sensitive for the detection of PAD compared to ABI. More than two thirds of the patients within our cohort with PAD of either the left or right leg had a detectable pulse. | no |
16,380,674 | Does polymorphism of the glycoprotein Ia and IIIa in the group of women in childbirth correlate with an increased risk of developing thrombosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of the GP Ia and GP IIIa polymorphisms in the group of women in labor, and to assess the risk of thrombosis associated with their occurrence.",
"245 women in labor hospitalized between 1.01.2001 and 31.12.2003 r. were enrolled in the study. ... | Our results did not show the causative relationship between the existence of platelets GP IIIa/GP Ia mutations and venous system thrombosis in the women in labor. Probably presence of pro-thrombotic mutations of platelets glycoprotein in this group of patients does not represent the increased risk of thrombosis. | no |
16,396,936 | Are specific haplotypes of the CALPAIN-5 gene associated with polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CALPAIN-5 (CAPN5) gene in PCOS susceptibility.",
"We analysed four intronic polymorphisms of the CAPN5 gene in 148 well-characterized women... | These results suggest a role of CAPN5 gene in PCOS susceptibility in humans. Moreover, novel candidate risk alleles have been identified, within CAPN5 gene, which could be associated with important phenotypic and prognosis differences observed in PCOS patients. | yes |
16,376,612 | Is chronic infarct-related artery occlusion associated with a reduction in capillary density . Effects on infarct healing? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the relationship between infarct-related artery (IRA) stenosis and capillary density and to assess its effect on scar formation in the human heart.",
"Morphometric evaluation was performed in 51 human hearts, as follows. Group I non-cardiac death (control), Group II post-Q-wave myoc... | The study demonstrated precise quantification of the capillary network in patients following QMI. The most significant reduction in capillary density was observed in patients with chronic total IRA occlusion. | yes |
16,389,100 | Does ciliary neurotrophic factor restore gallbladder contractility in leptin-resistant obese diabetic mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity and diabetes are major risk factors for cholesterol gallstones, and the majority of obese people are leptin-resistant. Our previous work has shown that both leptin-deficient (Lepob) and leptin-resistant (Lepdb) obese diabetic mice have decreased in vitro gallbladder motility. Leptin admin... | Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) causes 1) weight loss, 2) improvement of diabetes, and 3) alterations in gallbladder motility that is improved in obese mice but decreased in lean mice. We conclude that CNTF may improve gallbladder contractility in leptin-resistant obesity with diabetes. | yes |
16,392,605 | Do fFT analysis of the X-ray tube voltage waveforms of high-frequency generators for radiographic systems? | {
"contexts": [
"To present a novel method for analyzing the voltage waveform from high-frequency X-ray generators for radiographic systems.",
"The output signal of the actual voltage across the tube of a high-frequency generator was measured using the built-in voltage sense taps that are used for voltage reg... | High-frequency X-ray generators are becoming the universal choice for radiographic systems. The X-ray tube voltage and its waveform are important features of an X-ray generator, and quality assurance (QA) is important, too. As a tool for engineers involved in the design and development of X-ray generators, we can see t... | yes |
16,374,260 | Does crohn 's disease run a more aggressive course in young Asian patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Crohn's disease is a heterogeneous inflammatory bowel disease. The impact of age at diagnosis on the clinical course of patients varies widely as reported in the Western literature. Using the Vienna Classification, we seek to determine whether young Crohn's disease patients in an Asian population... | In this first Asian study looking specifically at the impact of age at diagnosis of Crohn's disease, we found that young patients underwent a more aggressive clinical course. | yes |
16,374,267 | Do effect of patient load on trauma outcomes in a Level I trauma center? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased medical staff workload has been associated with worse outcomes in several studies. Inappropriate staffing has also been implicated in the increased risk of mortality for medical patients admitted on weekends. A theoretical threshold patient load may exist, beyond which the resources are... | At this Level I trauma center that is part of an established statewide trauma system, patient outcomes were not compromised during high-patient-load periods, at night, or on weekends. | yes |
16,374,269 | Does hypotension increase mortality in brain-injured patients more than it does in non-brain-injured Patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypotension increases mortality after all types of injuries. Prior studies comparing mortality of hypotensive traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients to normotensive TBI patients have implied that hypotension is particularly detrimental after TBI. It is unknown whether hypotension affects TBI patie... | Hypotension is an independent risk factor for mortality. However, it does not increase mortality in TBI patients more than it does for non-TBI patients. | no |
16,374,268 | Do manual vital signs reliably predict need for life-saving interventions in trauma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Various types of diagnostic and monitoring techniques are available in the prehospital environment. It is unclear how increasing complexity of diagnostic equipment improves the ability to predict the need for a life-saving intervention (LSI). In this study, we determined whether the addition of d... | In this cohort of patients, predicting the need for an LSI could have been achieved from GCS motor and verbal components and radial pulse character without automated monitors. These data show that simple and rapidly acquired manual measurements could be used to effectively triage non-head-injured trauma casualties. Sim... | yes |
16,386,921 | Does aprotinin decrease reperfusion injury and allograft dysfunction in clinical lung transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary graft dysfunction caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the most frequent causes of early morbidity and death after lung transplantation. We hypothesized that the perioperative management with aprotinin decreases the incidence of allograft reperfusion injury and dysfunction afte... | Severe PTRI increased short-term morbidity and mortality. The incidence of reperfusion injury was not dependent upon the duration of donor organ ischemia. The use of aprotinin in the perioperative patient management in lung transplantation had strong beneficial effects on the patient outcomes and decreased the incidenc... | yes |
16,371,738 | Is lymphovascular invasion associated with poor survival in gastric cancer : an application of gene-expression and tissue array techniques? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine a population-based cohort for the association between clinicopathologic predictors of survival and immunohistochemical markers (IHC), and to assess changes in gene expression that are associated with lymphovascular invasion (LVI).",
"LVI has been associated with poor survival and a... | LVI was an independent predictor of survival in gastric cancer. Expression of COX-2 may facilitate tumor invasion through MMP-2 and MMP-9 activation. OPHN1 and RPN II appeared to be differentially expressed in gastric cancers exhibiting LVI. The reported function of OPHN1 and RPN II makes these gene products promising ... | yes |
16,385,185 | Are ghrelin levels increased in alcoholism? | {
"contexts": [
"The neuropeptides leptin and ghrelin are involved in the appetite regulating network consisting of distinct orexigenic (ghrelin) and anorexigenic (leptin) circuitries. Recently, it has been shown that elevated leptin levels are associated with alcohol craving in patients suffering from alcoholism... | Ghrelin levels are elevated in alcoholism and seem to further increase during alcohol withdrawal. However, ghrelin levels do not seem to be associated with alcohol craving. | yes |
16,384,849 | Does human macroprolactin display low biological activity via its homologous receptor in a new sensitive bioassay? | {
"contexts": [
"Macroprolactinemia is a frequent finding in hyperprolactinemic individuals, usually without clinical impact. Data on biological activity of macroprolactin (bbPRL) are controversial and mostly based on a heterologous rat Nb2 cell bioassay. Biological activity of bbPRL observed in vitro but not in ... | Whereas both bioassays achieve similar results with respect to monomeric PRL activity, our results indicate that the activity displayed by bbPRL toward the rat receptor may be inappropriate because it is not observed in the human PRLR-mediated assay, consistent with the apparent absence of bioactivity in vivo. | yes |
16,384,841 | Does thyrotropin stimulate the generation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in human thyroid cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Dual activation by TSH of the phospholipase C and cAMP cascades has been reported in human thyroid cells. In contrast, Singh et al. reported convincing data in FRTL-5 thyrocytes arguing against such an effect in this model. Their data in FRTL-5 cells indicated no increase in inositol 1,4,5-trisph... | TSH, but not thyroid-stimulating antibodies, activates both cAMP and the phospholipase C cascade in human thyroid as now demonstrated by an increase in Ins(1,4,5)P3 and its inositol phosphate metabolites. Therefore, this effect cannot be extrapolated to the FRTL-5 cell line. The apparent discrepancy may be due to a dif... | yes |
16,381,615 | Does the effect of telephone appointment-reminder call on outpatient absenteeism in a pulmonary function laboratory? | {
"contexts": [
"Absenteeism from outpatient appointments is common. Telephone appointment-reminder calls reduce outpatient-appointment absenteeism in many clinic settings.",
"To determine if telephone appointment-reminder calls reduce outpatient absenteeism at a hospital-based pulmonary function laboratory."... | A policy of reminding outpatients of their appointments via telephone reduces absenteeism at a hospital-based pulmonary function laboratory. We found no difference in absenteeism between communicating the reminder via direct conversation versus via leaving a message on an answering machine. | yes |
16,376,562 | Does residual air in the venous cannula increase cerebral embolization at the onset of cardiopulmonary bypass? | {
"contexts": [
"When the right atrium (RA) cannula is connected to the venous return line of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit, air is often introduced. Air in the venous cannula may increase cerebral air embolization at initiation of CPB despite the arterial line filter. We measured the volume of air pre... | Air in the venous cannula can result in HITS in the MCA. Minimizing the volume of air introduced into the venous cannula after cannulation of the RA can decrease cerebral air embolization at the beginning of CPB. | yes |
16,376,565 | Does indexed effective orifice area after mechanical aortic valve replacement affect left ventricular mass regression in elderly? | {
"contexts": [
"After aortic valve replacement, the effects of a small functional prosthesis on the extent and pattern of regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and on clinical outcomes may be less significant in older patients with low cardiac output requirements. The objective of this study was therefore t... | The major finding of our study is that patient-prosthesis mismatch does not affect left ventricular mass regression in patients older than 65 with pure aortic stenosis who underwent mechanical aortic valve replacement. In older patients with low cardiac output requirements, even a small change in the valve effective or... | no |
16,387,751 | Does adjustment of antibiotic treatment according to the results of blood cultures lead to decreased antibiotic use and costs? | {
"contexts": [
"To avoid the use of unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotics, empirical therapy of bacteraemia should be adjusted according to the results of blood cultures.",
"To investigate whether the results of blood cultures led to changes in antibiotic use and costs in a tertiary-care university hospital... | Adjustment of antibiotic therapy according to the results of blood cultures led to a reduction in the number of antibiotics and a narrowing of antibiotic therapy. The costs for antibiotics decreased. | yes |
16,387,752 | Do glycosaminoglycans inhibit the antibacterial activity of LL-37 in biological fluids? | {
"contexts": [
"The antibacterial activity of antimicrobial peptides is influenced by various factors such as salt content, pH and the presence of proteins. In this study, we explored the antibacterial action of the human cathelicidin LL-37 in physiologically relevant conditions, i.e. various human wound fluids,... | Glycosaminoglycan-rich biological fluids inhibit the antibacterial effects of LL-37. Furthermore, polycations that bind to glycosaminoglycans increase the antibacterial activities of endogenous antimicrobial peptides in glycosaminoglycan-containing biological fluids. | yes |
16,385,526 | Does production of a novel class of polyreactive pathogenic autoantibodies in BXD2 mice cause glomerulonephritis and arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"The BXD2 mouse strain spontaneously develops glomerulonephritis and erosive arthritis. The goal of this study was to identify the antigenic target proteins and epitopes and to unravel the mechanisms by which the related conditions arise in BXD2 mice.",
"Individual hybridomas isolated from the... | The polyreactivity of autoantibodies that target a novel class of autoantigens may enable these autoantibodies to induce erosive arthritis or glomerulonephritis either by direct pathogenic mechanisms or indirectly via Fc or immune complex deposition. | yes |
16,371,606 | Do audio spectrum and sound pressure levels vary between pulse oximeters? | {
"contexts": [
"The variable-pitch pulse oximeter is an important intraoperative patient monitor. Our ability to hear its auditory signal depends on its acoustical properties and our hearing. This study quantitatively describes the audio spectrum and sound pressure levels of the monitoring tones produced by five... | There is considerable variance in the sound pressure and audio spectrum of commercially-available pulse oximeters. Further studies are warranted in order to establish standards. | yes |
16,371,492 | Does acute weight loss followed by an aggressive nutritional recovery strategy have little impact on on-water rowing performance? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the influence of moderate, acute weight loss on on-water rowing performance when aggressive nutritional recovery strategies were used in the two hours between weigh in and racing.",
"Competitive rowers (n = 17) undertook three on-water 1800 m time trials under cool conditions (mean ... | Acute weight loss of up to 4% over 24 hours, when combined with aggressive nutritional recovery strategies, can be undertaken with minimal impact on on-water rowing performance, at least in cool conditions. | yes |
16,401,307 | Are oxidized-LDL levels changed during short-term serum glucose variations and lowered with statin treatment in early Type 2 diabetes : a study of endothelial function and microalbuminuria? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin) treatment during serum glucose variations on plasma oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) levels in obese patients with early Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and its relationship to endothelial biomarkers.",
"In a double-blind, randomized crossov... | In early obese Type 2 diabetic patients, serum ox-LDL levels are influenced by short-term serum glucose variations and lowered with cerivastatin therapy. During cerivastatin treatment, improved flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation was associated with decrements in circulating ox-LDL levels and the hyperinsulina... | yes |
16,401,308 | Is clinically apparent atherosclerotic disease in diabetes associated with an increase in platelet microparticle levels? | {
"contexts": [
"The commonest cause of mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes is atherothrombosis, which can be related to abnormalities in the coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways, as well as in platelet function. Platelet microparticles (PMPs) may contribute to the prothrombotic state and may promote the ... | PMPs are elevated in Type 2 diabetes. In addition, patients with clinically apparent atherosclerosis had the highest levels of PMPs and sPsel. Thus, PMPs may be a marker of symptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease in Type 2 diabetes, and may both represent a useful risk stratification tool as well as a novel therap... | yes |
16,392,108 | Does glasgow Aneurysm Score predict survival after endovascular stenting of abdominal aortic aneurysm in patients from the EUROSTAR registry? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Glasgow Aneurysm Score (GAS) in predicting the survival of 5498 patients who underwent endovascular repair (EVAR) of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and were enrolled in the EUROpean collaborators on Stent-graft Techniques for ab... | The GAS was effective in predicting outcome after EVAR. Because its efficacy has also been shown in patients undergoing open repair of AAA, it can be used to aid decisions about treatment in all patients with an AAA. | yes |
16,400,409 | Does transesophageal echocardiography disclose unexpected cardiac sources of embolus in stroke patients aged more than 45 years? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebral embolism from cardiac source is an important cause of stroke, specially in patients younger than 45 years old.",
"To describe the transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) findings in young and non-young stroke patients without any prior evidence of cardiac source for cerebral embolism.... | TEE is widely used to diagnose cardiac source of cerebral embolism in young patients, but it seems to be as useful for older ones, in whom cerebral embolism risk is underestimated; atherogenic and cardioembolic causes may actually coexist, and both should be treated. | yes |
16,380,678 | Do academic mothers have a pronounced seasonal variation in their offspring sex ratio? | {
"contexts": [
"Environmental and socio-demographic factors can influence the variation of the human sex ratio at birth (SRB = the ratio of males to males plus females). In particular, findings of seasonal, parental education, birth order, and maternal age effects on the SRB are not always in agreement, and a nu... | We conclude that the significant seasonal variation of the SRB in academic women cannot be merely interpreted as an effect of socio-economic status but more likely as the interaction between socio-economic and environmental working conditions. | yes |
16,373,280 | Does acetaldehyde inhibit the formation of retinoic acid from retinal in the rat esophagus? | {
"contexts": [
"It has already been demonstrated that the rat esophagus produces retinoic acid from retinol. In this study, this process is further characterized and the effect of acetaldehyde examined to elucidate the possible mechanisms behind the epidemiological evidence that the incidence of esophageal cance... | The rat esophagus produces retinoic acid from retinal. An ALDH isoform(s) is responsible for this process and physiological concentration of acetaldehyde hampers the process, probably in a competitive manner. Since the disturbance of retinoic acid supply has been implicated in carcinogenicity, this finding may, at leas... | yes |
16,388,876 | Is routine once-weekly darbepoetin alfa administration cost-effective in lung cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia : a Markov analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite the clinical efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (RHE) on chemotherapy-induced anemia, most cost-effectiveness studies have given unfavorable results.",
"To determine the cost of managing anemia in unselected patients receiving chemotherapy for lung cancer, and the efficacy a... | Routine use of RHE appears to be cost-effective in patients receiving chemotherapy for lung cancer. | yes |
16,376,009 | Does passive resistance increase differentially in various jaw displacement directions? | {
"contexts": [
"In the present study, the passive resistance of the human jaw system was quantified in relation to the three-dimensional jaw displacement and the Posselt-envelope, using both in vivo measurements and computer simulation.",
"In eight subjects, the jaw was passively displaced with a step-wise i... | The human jaw system has larger motion range in the protrusive and lateral directions than can be exploited by active muscle use. Stiffness of jaw displacement is higher in the protrusive direction compared to the vertical and lateral directions. | yes |
16,387,223 | Is empiric acyclovir infrequently initiated in the emergency department to patients ultimately diagnosed with encephalitis? | {
"contexts": [
"We evaluate the frequency of empiric acyclovir administration to patients in the emergency department (ED) who are ultimately diagnosed with encephalitis.",
"We conducted an explicit retrospective medical record review of consecutive patients discharged with a final diagnosis of herpes simple... | The majority of patients in our institution who were ultimately diagnosed with encephalitis did not receive empiric acyclovir in the ED, despite clinical presentations consistent with encephalitis. | yes |
16,390,806 | Is oxidant release dramatically increased by elevated glucose concentrations in neutrophils from pregnant women? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the mechanism of oxidative stress at glucose levels accompanying diabetic pregnancy. Specifically, we hypothesize that elevated glucose overwhelms hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) down-regulation observed during pregnancy.",
"Peripheral blood cells from normal healthy pregnant wom... | Elevated glucose levels enhance HMS activity and oxidant production in cells from pregnant women. This mechanism may be generally applicable in understanding the role of diabetes in materno-fetal health. | yes |
16,380,544 | Does riboflavin lower homocysteine in individuals homozygous for the MTHFR 677C- > T polymorphism? | {
"contexts": [
"Meta-analyses predict that a 25% lowering of plasma homocysteine would reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by 11% to 16% and stroke by 19% to 24%. Individuals homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C-->T polymorphism have reduced MTHFR enzyme activity resulting fr... | Although previously overlooked, homocysteine is highly responsive to riboflavin, specifically in individuals with the MTHFR 677 TT genotype. Our findings might explain why this common polymorphism carries an increased risk of coronary heart disease in Europe but not in North America, where riboflavin fortification has ... | yes |
16,380,543 | Does cyclooxygenase-1 deficiency in bone marrow cells increase early atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E- and low-density lipoprotein receptor-null mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherothrombosis and is expressed by the major cell types of atherosclerotic lesions. COX-1-mediated platelet thromboxane (TX) production has been proposed to promote both early atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Here, we examined t... | COX-1 deficiency in bone marrow-derived cells worsens early atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) and LDLR(-/-) mice despite virtual elimination of platelet TX production. These data demonstrate that platelet TX production does not aggravate early atherosclerotic lesion formation and that upregulation of COX-2 expression in COX... | yes |
16,380,549 | Does inhibition of histone deacetylation block cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II infusion and aortic banding? | {
"contexts": [
"A number of distinct stress signaling pathways in myocardium cause cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Class II histone deacetylases (HDACs) antagonize several stress-induced pathways and hypertrophy. However, cardiac hypertrophy induced by transgenic overexpression of the homeodomain only pro... | These results suggest that the predominant effect of HDAC inhibition, mainly mediated by class I HDACs, is to prevent cardiac hypertrophy in response to a broad range of agonist and stretch stimuli. | yes |
16,380,548 | Does cardiac-specific overexpression of diacylglycerol kinase zeta prevent Gq protein-coupled receptor agonist-induced cardiac hypertrophy in transgenic mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Diacylglycerol is a lipid second messenger that accumulates in cardiomyocytes when stimulated by Gqalpha protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) agonists such as angiotensin II, phenylephrine, and others. Diacylglycerol functions as a potent activator of protein kinase C (PKC) and is catalyzed by diacylg... | These results demonstrated the first evidence that DGKzeta negatively regulated the hypertrophic signaling cascade and resultant cardiac hypertrophy in response to GPCR agonists without detectable adverse effects in in vivo hearts. | yes |
16,376,756 | Is plasma triglyceride level an independent predictor of altered left ventricular relaxation? | {
"contexts": [
"Diastolic dysfunction, manifested by impaired left ventricular (LV) relaxation, is prevalent among individuals with metabolic disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which plasma triglyceride (TG) levels are related to LV diastolic function.",
"A total of 424 subj... | Plasma TG levels show a strong relationship with impaired LV relaxation, an early marker of diastolic dysfunction in human beings. These findings support a hypothesis whereby elevated TG levels favor myocyte intracellular lipid accumulation, possibly leading to lipotoxic diastolic dysfunction. | yes |
16,397,399 | Does the incorporation of prior genomic information necessarily improve the performance of Bayesian linkage methods : an example involving sex-specific recombination and the two-point PPL? | {
"contexts": [
"We continue statistical development of the posterior probability of linkage (PPL). We present a two-point PPL allowing for unequal male and female recombination fractions, thetaM and thetaF, and consider alternative priors on thetaM, thetaF.",
"We compare the sex-averaged PPL (PPLSA), assumin... | Incorporating (correct) prior genomic information is not always helpful. We recommend that the PPLSA be used as the standard form of the PPL regardless of the sex-specific recombination rates in the region of the marker in question. | no |
16,397,396 | Are cARD15 single nucleotide polymorphisms 8 , 12 and 13 increased in ethnic Danes with sarcoidosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations of the caspase-activating recruitment domain 15 (CARD15) gene on chromosome 16 are associated with chronic inflammatory granulomatous bowel disease (Crohn's disease). Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with unknown etiology, which shares histological features with Crohn's d... | The frequency of CARD15 mutations is not increased in ethnic Danish patients with sarcoidosis, and heterozygosity for such mutations apparently has no influence on the course of disease. | no |
16,389,627 | Does electroporation-mediated interleukin-10 overexpression in skeletal muscle reduce acute rejection in rat cardiac allografts? | {
"contexts": [
"Human interleukin 10 (hIL-10) may reduce acute rejection after organ transplantation. Our previous data shows that electroporation-mediated transfer of plasmid DNA to peripheral muscle enhances gene transduction dramatically. This study was designed to investigate the effect of electroporation-me... | Electroporation-mediated intramuscular overexpression of hIL-10 reduces acute rejection and improves survival of heterotopic heart allografts in rats. This study demonstrates that peripheral overexpression of specific genes in skeletal muscle may reduce acute rejection after whole organ transplantation. | yes |
16,374,272 | Is removal of the OptEase retrievable vena cava filter feasible after extended time periods because of filter protrusion through the vena cava? | {
"contexts": [
"Therapeutic and prophylactic vena cava filters (VCFs) are used to prevent pulmonary embolism. Concerns exist over placing a permanent filter in a young trauma patient. Recently, retrievable VCFs have become available. One such filter is the OptEase, which has a recommended time of removal of up t... | Removal of the retrievable OptEase VCF may be successfully performed up to 14 days after insertion. Strut protrusion through the VC wall prohibited successful and safe removal at extended time intervals. | no |
16,378,057 | Do endothelial functions improve with decrease in asymmetric dimethylarginine ( ADMA ) levels after renal transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular events. The relationships between the markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction were investigated both before and after living donor kidney transplantation.",
"Twenty-seven renal transplant patients were studie... | The results indicate that ADMA is associated with FMD in CKD both before and after kidney transplantation. Endothelial functions improve at the very beginning of the posttransplantation period with accompanying reduction in ADMA and hsCRP levels. | yes |
16,398,729 | Does basics of flow cytometry-based sterility testing of platelet concentrate? | {
"contexts": [
"Flow cytometry (FACS) is a common technique in blood banking. It is used, for example, for the enumeration of residual white blood cells in plasma and in cellular blood products. It was investigated whether it can also be applied for sterility testing of buffy coat-derived platelet concentrates (... | Sterility testing of PCs by FACS is a feasible approach. The present data suggest incubating PC samples for 20 to 24 hours at 37 degrees C before testing. For slow-growing bacteria, the incubation period must be prolonged by 1 to 2 days. | yes |
16,369,774 | Are elevations of plasma methylarginines in obesity and ageing related to insulin sensitivity and rates of protein turnover? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased circulating methylarginines (MA) have been linked to the metabolic syndrome to explain endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease risk. Proteins that contain MA are regulatory and release them during catabolism. We hypothesised that increased protein turnover in insulin-resistan... | Obesity, sex and ageing affect MA. Elevations of the three MA in obese, and of ADMA in elderly men, are related to increased protein turnover and to lesser insulin sensitivity of protein metabolism. These interrelationships might amplify insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction. | yes |
16,400,635 | Is the value of onsite adequacy assessment of thyroid fine-needle aspirations a function of operator experience? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytotechnologists and pathologists often perform onsite evaluations of thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNAs) to provide immediate feedback regarding whether adequate material has been obtained for cytologic diagnosis. The current study was designed to determine whether onsite adequacy assessment... | The results of the current study demonstrate that onsite adequacy assessment of thyroid FNAs significantly reduces the number of nondiagnostic aspirates. However, the benefit of onsite evaluation, at least for US-guided FNAs, depends on the experience of the radiologist. In the current study, experienced radiologists w... | yes |
16,374,824 | Is migraine with aura a risk factor for unprovoked seizures in children? | {
"contexts": [
"Migraine is associated with epilepsy, but the time order and nature of the relationship are unclear. We conducted a population based case control study to clarify the time order to determine whether migraine is a risk factor for epilepsy.",
"Migraine symptoms were evaluated in a population-ba... | Children with migraine with aura have a substantial increased risk to develop subsequent epilepsy. This finding is consistent with the hypothesis that migraine with aura and migraine without aura may be different disorders. | yes |
16,374,822 | Are substantia nigra tangles related to gait impairment in older persons? | {
"contexts": [
"Parkinsonian signs, especially gait impairment, are common and associated with morbidity and mortality in older persons. Our objective was to test the hypothesis that substantia nigra neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are related to parkinsonian signs in older persons with and without dementia.",
... | NFTs in the substantia nigra are associated with gait impairment in older persons with and without dementia. | yes |
16,387,745 | Does beta-carotene supplementation attenuate cardiac remodeling induced by one-month tobacco-smoke exposure in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The objectives were to analyze the cardiac effects of exposure to tobacco smoke (ETS), for a period of 30 days, alone and in combination with beta-carotene supplementation (BC).",
"Rats were allocated into: Air (control, n = 13); Air + BC (n = 11); ETS (n = 11); and BC + ETS (n = 9). In Air +... | One-month tobacco-smoke exposure induces functional and morphological cardiac alterations and BC supplementation attenuates this ventricular remodeling process. | yes |
16,399,534 | Is lung transplantation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a national cohort without obvious survival benefit? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective in lung transplantation is to prolong life, but the survival effect in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or alpha1-anti-trypsin deficiency emphysema is still unresolved. This study assesses the impact of diagnosis, single-lung transplantation (SLT) vs bilate... | In COPD/emphysema, there was no obvious survival benefit from lung transplantation, which questions prolongation of life as the primary motivation for the procedure. | yes |
16,399,539 | Does nitroglycerin reperfusion reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in non-heart-beating donor lungs? | {
"contexts": [
"Lung transplantation is severely limited by an inadequate supply of lungs from brain-dead donors. A potential solution is use of lungs from non-heart-beating donors (NHBDs) with retrieval at intervals after circulatory arrest and death. A warm ischemic period with concomitant reperfusion injury i... | Reperfusion of lungs with nitroglycerin may facilitate safe lung transplantation from NHBDs by reducing capillary leak after reperfusion. | yes |
16,380,310 | Does spirituality predict outcome independently of expectancy following flower essence self-treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine whether absorption and spirituality predict the placebo response independently of expectancy.",
"This was an open study of self-treatment with self-selected Bach flower essences. Participants' expectancy of the effect of flower essences, attitudes to com... | Our data are inconsistent with conventional explanations for the placebo effect. The mechanism underlying the placebo response is not fully understood. | yes |
16,385,247 | Is combined use of noninvasive tests useful in the initial diagnostic approach to a child with suspected inflammatory bowel disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effectiveness of the combined use of fecal calprotectin (FC), anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (ASCA), perinuclear staining antineutrophil antibody (pANCA), small intestinal permeability test (IP), and bowel wall ultrasonography measurement (BWUS) in the diagnostic work-up of ... | The incorporation of noninvasive diagnostic tests into the initial diagnostic approach may avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and facilitate clinical decision-making when the diagnosis of IBD in children is initially uncertain. | yes |
16,374,140 | Does metabolic syndrome negatively impact early patency of saphenous vein grafts? | {
"contexts": [
"Coronary artery bypass grafting has been performed for a long period utilizing saphenous vein grafts, the fate of which might be crucial to prognosis following the operation. Metabolic syndrome, on the other hand, has become an increasingly important part of cardiovascular practice. We examined w... | Metabolic syndrome seems to impact saphenous vein graft patency negatively in the relatively short term. | yes |
16,374,144 | Does extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy ameliorate myocardial ischemia in patients with severe coronary artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Prognosis of severe coronary artery disease with no indication of percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting remains poor. We have recently demonstrated that shock wave therapy effectively induces neovascularization and improves myocardial ischemia in a porcine model in... | These results indicate that our extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy is an effective and non-invasive treatment for end-stage coronary artery disease, although further careful evaluation is needed. | yes |
16,393,232 | Are women with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer at an increased risk for subsequent colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Earlier studies regarding the risk of colorectal cancer in women with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer yielded conflicting results.",
"A retrospective cohort study was performed using the General Practitioner Research Database of the United Kingdom. Women with a prior diagnosis of breast ca... | Women with a prior diagnosis of breast cancer are not at an increased risk of colorectal cancer; these women can follow average risk screening guidelines for colorectal cancer. | no |
16,371,487 | Does patellar taping change the amplitude of electromyographic activity of the vasti in a stair stepping task? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of patellar taping on the amplitude of electromyographic activity (EMG) of vasti activation in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP).",
"Ten participants with PFP and 12 asymptomatic controls were recruited to the study. The study was designed as a rand... | The results of this study indicate that the positive clinical effects of medially directed therapeutic tape are not due to changes in EMG amplitude of the vasti muscle. Thus other effects such as changes in timing of contraction of the vasti are more likely candidates for the mechanism of efficacy. | no |
16,385,331 | Are high dose magnesium infusions associated with increased pressor requirements after carotid endarterectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Although magnesium provides cerebral protection in animal stroke models, magnesium therapy has significant side effects in humans. Therefore, we sought to examine the incidence of alpha-agonist treated hypotension in our ongoing, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase I/I... | There were no significant differences detected in the 1) percentage of patients requiring pressor support, 2) the duration of postoperative pressor support, or 3) the amount of phenylephrine support needed between controls and magnesium treated patients. The percentage of patients requiring pressure support depended on... | no |
16,385,336 | Do radiographic characteristics fail to predict clinical course after subdural electrode placement? | {
"contexts": [
"Subdural arrays of grid and strip electrodes are frequently used in epilepsy patients to localize the seizure focus and determine the location of critical brain functions via stimulation mapping. Postoperatively, the majority of patients with implanted subdural electrodes develop subacute extra-a... | The conventional methods of midline shift and maximal thickness for assessing EAC size did not adequately differentiate symptomatic and asymptomatic subdural electrode patients with EACs. Although total volume calculation using digital planimetric analysis demonstrated a statistically significant difference, we found n... | yes |
16,386,723 | Does aPOA5 variant Ser19Trp influence a decrease of the total cholesterol in a male 8 year cohort? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate whether the relationship between dietary composition and plasma lipid levels is genetically determined.",
"We have evaluated the influence of common apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) variants (T-1131 > C, Ser19 > Trp and Val153 > Met) on plasma lipid concentrations in 117 males for whom d... | Ser19 > Trp variant in the APOA5 gene may play an important role in an individual's sensitivity to dietary composition. | yes |
16,400,416 | Does statistical voxel-wise analysis of ictal SPECT reveal pattern of abnormal perfusion in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the pattern of perfusion abnormalities in ictal and interictal brain perfusion SPECT images (BSI) from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).",
"It was acquired interictal and ictal BSI from 24 patients with refractory TLE. BSIs were analyzed by visual inspection and stati... | In a group analysis of ictal BSI of patients with TLE, voxel-wise analysis detects a network of distant regions of perfusional alteration which may play active role in seizure genesis and propagation. | yes |
16,380,550 | Does deficiency of the 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter gene lead to cardiac fibrosis and valvulopathy in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) overproduction is responsible for cardiac valvular disease in patients with carcinoid tumors. Reduced 5-HT inactivation is one proposed mechanism of the valvulopathy observed in individuals treated with the appetite suppressants fenfluramine and phentermine. ... | The present results establish a link between 5-HTT and the development of cardiac fibrosis and valvulopathy in vivo. 5-HTT-KO mice represent an especially relevant model for studying the mechanisms by which 5-HT induces valvulopathy. | yes |
16,374,604 | Is nuchal cord associated with adverse perinatal outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"The present study was aimed at evaluating the outcome of pregnancies with nuchal cord.",
"A retrospective population-based study of all deliveries during the years 1988-2003 in a tertiary medical center was conducted. Immediate perinatal outcome of patients with and without nuchal cord was co... | Nuchal cord is not associated with adverse perinatal outcome. Thus, labor induction in such cases is probably unnecessary. | no |
16,376,195 | Is closure of the arteriotomy after carotid endarterectomy : patch type related to intraoperative microemboli and restenosis rate? | {
"contexts": [
"Patch closure after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) improves clinical outcome compared with primary closure. Whether there are differences in outcome between various patch materials is still not clear. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate whether a relationship exists between... | Microemboli are more prevalent during clamp releases and wound closure when Dacron patches are used. Additionally, the observed differences in embolization noted by patch type were mainly evident in women. However, the use of Dacron patches was not related to immediate ischemic cerebral events but was associated with a... | yes |
16,373,643 | Does xenon provide short-term neuroprotection in neonatal rats when administered after hypoxia-ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Brain injury after hypoxic-ischemic insults evolves via an apoptotic/necrotic cascade. Glutamate over release and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor over activation (excitotoxicity) are believed to trigger this process. Xenon is a nontoxic anesthetic gas that reduces neurotransmitter release an... | Three hours of xenon administration commenced after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats provides short-term neuroprotection. This finding suggests that treatment with xenon after perinatal asphyxia would also be neuroprotective. Because xenon does not cause other neurotoxic effects and has demonstrated minimal side effec... | yes |
16,384,845 | Are heterozygous mutations in natriuretic peptide receptor-B ( NPR2 ) associated with short stature? | {
"contexts": [
"C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is an important regulator of skeletal growth. Loss-of-function mutations affecting the CNP receptor natriuretic peptide receptor-B (gene NPR2) cause the autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia, acromesomelic dysplasia, Maroteaux type (AMDM). The phenotype of hetero... | We have shown that heterozygous mutations in NPR2 are associated with short stature. Assuming one in 700 people unknowingly carry an NPR2 mutation, our data suggest that approximately one in 30 individuals with idiopathic short stature are carriers of NPR2 mutations. | yes |
16,384,847 | Does acetylsalicylic acid improve lipid-induced insulin resistance in healthy men? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin resistance is a central feature of type 2 diabetes. Salicylates prevent lipid-induced insulin resistance in rodents by interrupting inflammatory pathways. We therefore investigated whether salicylates reduce lipid-induced insulin resistance in humans by affecting inflammatory pathways as ... | ASA pretreatment attenuated lipid-induced insulin resistance in healthy humans. This acute insulin-sensitizing effect of ASA was unrelated to changes of circulating inflammatory markers. | yes |
16,387,351 | Is acquisition of chemoresistance following discontinuous exposures to cisplatin associated in ovarian carcinoma cells with progressive alteration of FAK , ERK and p38 activation in response to treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Recurrence and cisplatin resistance that progressively develops in the course of treatments are major impediments in ovarian cancer therapy. We investigated the involvement of alterations of different signaling pathways in this acquired chemoresistance.",
"We studied the activation of these p... | Our results suggested that emergence of chemoresistance was accompanied with the progressive loss of ERK and p38 activation and with the maintenance of FAK activation in response to cisplatin, and they demonstrated that these alterations were early events in the course of treatments. | yes |
16,374,024 | Do total IgE levels change 1 year after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Total IgE levels positively correlate with the amount of mucosal thickening on sinus CT scans. Our objective was to investigate whether the levels of total serum IgE decreased 1 year after endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, suggesting that the total IgE was influenc... | The levels of total serum IgE do not change after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. IgE levels in chronic rhinosinusitis may reflect a systemic factor in disease pathogenesis, and are probably not related to the amount of local inflammation within the sinuses. | no |
16,389,019 | Is failure of decidual arteriolar remodeling in the CBA/J x DBA/2 murine model of recurrent pregnancy loss linked to increased expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 ( TIMP-2 )? | {
"contexts": [
"Uterine vascular remodeling at mid gestation includes the thinning of the vessel walls and, typically, an increase in lumen diameter. This study aimed to elucidate any differences in structural remodeling in normal murine pregnancies versus those differences that resulted from the crossing of CBA... | The expansive vascular remodeling of decidual vessels that is characteristic of normal murine pregnancy is attenuated significantly in the CBA/J x DBA/2 mating combination, which is known for its tendency to recurrent fetal resorption. This has been correlated with a relative overexpression of tissue inhibitor of metal... | yes |
16,371,896 | Is the TRP2 allele of COL9A2 an age-dependent risk factor for the development and severity of intervertebral disc degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Low back pain (LBP) and sciatica are usually caused by degenerative disc disease (DDD). Although they are common, the etiology of these conditions is poorly understood. A large population case-control study in the Southern Chinese was performed to study genetic risk factors to DDD.",
"To gain... | This largest-ever population study using MRI to define DDD demonstrates for the first time that the Trp2 allele is a significant risk factor for the development and severity of degeneration. The association is age- dependent as it is more prevalent in some age groups than in others. The contrasting Trp allele frequenci... | yes |
16,399,991 | Does severe bacteremia result in a loss of hepatic bacterial clearance? | {
"contexts": [
"Although it has been postulated that liver injury results in impaired clearance of bacteria from the blood, no prior study has evaluated hepatic bacterial clearance during sepsis.",
"We hypothesized that liver injury during the evolution of sepsis would result in impaired hepatic bacterial cl... | These observations suggest that hepatic bacterial clearance may be lost during the evolution of sepsis, resulting in a failure to control bacteremia. Thus, the capacity of the liver to clear bacteria is an important determinant of the outcome in sepsis. | yes |
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