pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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12,775,790 | Does register based monitoring show decreasing socioeconomic differences in Finnish perinatal health? | {
"contexts": [
"Several studies on differences in infant outcome by socioeconomic position have been done, but these have usually been based on ad hoc data linkages. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether socioeconomic differences in perinatal health in Finland could be regularly monitored using routin... | Social inequality in perinatal health outcomes exists in Finland, but seems to have diminished in the 1990s. These data showed that routinely collected birth register data provide a good source for studies on socioeconomic health differences in the perinatal period, but that uncertainty, mainly attributable to the larg... | yes |
12,765,318 | Does hospital attendance prediction tool also identify impaired quality of life in adults with asthma in general practice? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the ability of an adult risk screening questionnaire (RSQ), previously shown to predict attendance at hospital emergency departments, to identify impaired quality of life in adult patients with asthma in general practice.",
"Baseline data from an RCT of asthma clinics in general pra... | An RSQ score predictive of hospital attendance should alert the general practitioner to explore and address symptom, activity, and impact domains associated with impaired quality of life in adult asthma. | yes |
12,752,595 | Does monomeric immunoglobulin E stabilize FcepsilonRIalpha from the human basophil cell line KU812 by protecting it from natural turnover? | {
"contexts": [
"The high affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI) on mast cells and basophils is up-regulated by its own ligand IgE; however, the mechanism is unknown.",
"To study the IgE-mediated effect on FcepsilonRI on basophils by using the human basophilic cell line KU812.",
"Expression of cell surface F... | These results indicate that IgE does not induce intracellular signals in KU812, i.e., tyrosine-phosphorylation or Ca2+ release. Instead it appears that FcepsilonRIalpha is an unstable protein that IgE stabilizes and thereby protects from a temperature dependent turnover. | yes |
12,771,004 | Is coronary endothelial dysfunction associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events? | {
"contexts": [
"Stroke, mainly attributable to atherothrombotic disease, represents a leading cause of disability and death in the Western world. Endothelial dysfunction, which is considered a key factor in atherogenesis, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, the magnitude of th... | Presence of CED in patients without obstructive CAD is independently associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events. Thus, detection of this early stage of atherosclerosis may provide important information to identify patients who benefit from aggressive preventive strategies. | yes |
12,764,254 | Is amyloid-beta found in drusen from some age-related macular degeneration retinas , but not in drusen from normal retinas? | {
"contexts": [
"Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Increased understanding of the pathogenesis is necessary. Amyloid-beta (Abeta), a major extracellular deposit in Alzheimer's disease plaques, has recently been found in drusen, the hallmark... | Abeta was present in 4 of 9 AMD eyes. Within these eyes, Abeta localized to a subset of drusen. None of the 9 normal eyes surveyed, some of which had small drusen, were A beta positive. Abetapositive vesicles were most numerous in GA eyes at the edges of atrophy, the region at risk for further degeneration. These resul... | yes |
12,782,545 | Does four weeks of androstenedione supplementation diminish the treatment response in middle aged men? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine baseline hormonal concentrations and the pharmacokinetic response on day 0 and day 28 of 28 days of androstenedione supplementation.",
"Eight men (mean (SD) age 44.1 (3.0) years (range 40-48), weight 76.3 (9.4) kg, and percentage body fat 20.6 (6.7)) participated in a randomised, d... | Although supplementation with 200 mg/day androstenedione increases AUC for serum androstenedione in the day 0 condition, continued supplementation is characterised by a diminished treatment response, coupled with time 0 increases in testosterone precursors but not testosterone. | yes |
12,772,727 | Do the effects of ocular and lens parameters on the postlens tear thickness? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effects of soft contact lens base curve radius (BCR), sex, ethnicity, central corneal curvatures, and vertical palpebral aperture size (PAS) on the postlens tear thickness (PLTT).",
"The PLTT was measured using optical pachometry on 114 experienced lens wearers who were fitted w... | These results show that the base curve radius of a soft contact lens and several ocular characteristics can affect the thickness of the postlens tear film. | yes |
12,771,860 | Are elevated plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with essential hypertension related to vascular complications? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether or not fibrinogen is related to the cardiovascular risk profile and complications in hypertensive subjects.",
"Plasma fibrinogen and laboratory tests including factor VII, homocysteine and microalbuminuria were evaluated in 127 consecutive hypertensive subjects stratif... | Hyperfibrinogenemia is a marker of vascular damage and could be an important factor contributing to the evolution of the complications. | yes |
12,766,901 | Do simple anatomical measurements correlate significantly to individual peripheral nerve stimulation thresholds as measured in MRI gradient coils? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) thresholds for normal human subjects in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gradient coils, and determine if observed thresholds could be predicted based on gross physiologic measurements.",
"PNS thresholds for 21 healthy normal subjects were measure... | These results suggest it is unlikely that a simple physiologic measurement of subject anatomy can be used to guide the operation of MRI scanners in a subject-specific manner in order to increase gradient system performance while avoiding PNS. | no |
12,775,316 | Does itraconazole pulse therapy improve the quality of life of patients with toenail onychomycosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Toenail onychomycosis is a common disease that can have serious adverse effects on the quality of life (QOL) of patients.",
"To evaluate the impact of itraconazole pulse therapy on the QOL of patients with toenail onychomycosis.",
"A total of 20 patients with disto-lateral subungual toena... | Itraconazole pulse therapy is an effective treatment and can improve the QOL of patients with toenail onychomycosis. | yes |
12,783,199 | Does amifostine reduce the toxicity of the fludarabine and cyclophosphamide regimen in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Amifostine is an organic thiophosphate that may selectively protect normal tissues from the toxicities of chemotherapy. The combination of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) is highly active in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Infection is a serious toxicity of the FC regimen.... | The study amifostine regimen did not reduce the toxicity or activity of the FC regimen in patients with CLL. | no |
12,783,198 | Is the activity of camptothecin analogues enhanced in histocultures of human tumors and human tumor xenografts by modulation of extracellular pH? | {
"contexts": [
"Most solid human tumors exist in an acidic microenvironment, due in part to inefficient vasculature and a higher intrinsic rate of glycolysis. This leads to a tumor-selective pH gradient, which can be exploited therapeutically with antitumor agents such as the camptothecins (CPTs). Previous work ... | Evaluation of anticancer drug activity in native-state histoculture supports the concept that pH modulation may be an important approach to improve the selectivity and antitumor effectiveness of camptothecin-based chemotherapy. | yes |
12,767,545 | Is long-term outcome of acute myocarditis independent of cardiac enzyme release? | {
"contexts": [
"There are few data concerning prognostic markers of acute myocarditis. The purpose of this study was to assess the prognostic value of initial measurements of creatine kinase (CK), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and myoglobin as regards late recovery of the left ventricular ejection fraction on follow... | After acute myocarditis, there is late recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction, which is independent of the initial myocardial damage measured by cardiac enzyme release. | yes |
12,766,646 | Does cyclooxygenase-2-dependent superoxide generation contribute to age-dependent impairment of G protein-mediated cerebrovasodilation? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have observed that activation of cyclooxygenase-2 contributes to generation of superoxide anion after fluid percussion brain injury (FPI). This study was designed to characterize the effects of FPI on the vascular activity of two activators of a pertussis toxin-sensitive G protei... | These data show that G protein activation elicits cerebrovasodilation that is blunted following FPI in an age-dependent manner, and suggest that cyclooxygenase-2-dependent superoxide anion generation contributes to G protein activation-induced dilator impairment after the insult in an age-dependent manner. | yes |
12,766,647 | Does n-acetylcysteine restore isoflurane-induced preconditioning against myocardial infarction during hyperglycemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperglycemia generates reactive oxygen species and prevents isoflurane-induced preconditioning. The authors tested the hypothesis that scavenging reactive oxygen species with N-acetylcysteine will restore protection against myocardial infarction produced by isoflurane in vivo.",
"Barbiturate... | Acute hyperglycemia abolishes reductions in myocardial infarct size produced by isoflurane, but N-acetylcysteine restores these beneficial effects. The results suggest that excessive quantities of reactive oxygen species generated during hyperglycemia impair isoflurane-induced preconditioning in dogs. | yes |
12,766,645 | Does temporal summation govern part of the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane anesthesia? | {
"contexts": [
"General anesthesia may delay the onset of movement in response to noxious stimulation. The authors hypothesized that the production of immobility could involve depression of time-related processes involved in the generation of movement.",
"The delays (latencies) between onset of tail clamp (n... | Increasing the duration or frequency (interstimulus interval) of stimulation increases the concentration of isoflurane required to suppress movement by a 0.4 minimum alveolar concentration MK801 blocks this effect, a finding consistent with temporal summation (which requires intact N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activit... | yes |
12,783,165 | Does ectopic expression of the beta-cell specific transcription factor Pdx1 inhibit glucagon gene transcription? | {
"contexts": [
"The transcription factor Pdx1 is required for the development and differentiation of all pancreatic cells. Beta-cell specific inactivation of Pdx1 in developing or adult mice leads to an increase in glucagon-expressing cells, suggesting that absence of Pdx1could favour glucagon gene expression by... | Cell-specific expression of the glucagon gene can only occur when Pdx1 expression extinguishes from the early alpha cell precursor. | yes |
12,761,445 | Does high dose of caffeine administered to pregnant rats cause histopathological changes in the cornea of newborn pups? | {
"contexts": [
"Caffeine is frequently used during pregnancy and associated with teratogenic effects, such as low birth weight, hearth and digital defects, cleft palate and abortion with fetal loss. This study investigated histopathologically the effects of caffeine on neonatal rat cornea.",
"Fifty pregnant ... | Excessive gestational caffeine intake has been shown histopathologically to have some teratogenic effects on newborn rat cornea. | yes |
12,761,443 | Does simvastatin reduce infarct size in a model of acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was designed to investigate the effects of simvastatin in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction.",
"Male Wistar rats were anesthetized (thiopentone sodium 120 mg/kg). After a thoracotomy, the left-anterior-descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded (for 25 min) and reperfus... | The result indicates that simvastatin, an inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase and a ligand of PPAR-a and PPAR-g, reduces the tissue necrosis associated with acute myocardial infarction. We propose that statins may be useful in conditions associated with ischemia-reperfusion of the heart and other organs. | yes |
12,775,447 | Do low doses of diagnostic energy X-rays protect against neoplastic transformation in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of low doses of 60 kVp X-rays on in vitro transformation frequency.",
"HeLa x skin fibroblast human hybrid cells were used to assay transformation from the non-tumorigenic to the tumorigenic phenotype. Subconfluent cultures of cells were exposed to a range of doses o... | Low doses (< 1 cGy) of 60 kVp X-rays protect HeLa x skin fibroblast human hybrid cells against neoplastic transformation in vitro. | yes |
12,774,186 | Is operant responding for a visual reinforcer in rats enhanced by noncontingent nicotine : implications for nicotine self-administration and reinforcement? | {
"contexts": [
"Current conceptualizations of drug reinforcement assume that drug-taking behavior is a consequence of the contingent, temporal relationship between the behavior and drug reward. However, stimulant drugs also potentiate the rewarding effects of other reinforcers when administered noncontingently."... | Nicotine influences operant behavior in two ways: by acting as a primary reinforcer when it is contingent upon behavior, and by directly potentiating the reinforcing properties of other stimuli through a nonassociative mechanism. Nicotine self-administration and smoking may be largely dependent upon this later action. | yes |
12,763,297 | Does depression influence the EDI scores in anorexia nervosa patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the influence of the severity of depression on the eating disorder's inventory (EDI) scores in anorexia nervosa (AN) patients.",
"We compared by variance analysis the EDI scores from three groups of AN patients: 55 patients having a major depression (as assessed by a Beck's depressio... | The present results suggested that the EDI scores are clearly influenced by the severity of depression. Among the psychopathological and behavioural traits assessed with the EDI, only a few were not related to depressive symptoms: "feeling of inefficiency" and "distrust in interpersonal relations". | yes |
12,757,771 | Do endothelial cells release phenotypically and quantitatively distinct microparticles in activation and apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial cells (EC) shed endothelial microparticles (EMP) in activation and apoptosis.",
"We compared the antigenic expression of EMP species released during activation as compared to apoptosis, in three cell lines.",
"EC from renal and brain microvascular (MiVEC) and coronary macrovas... | EC release qualitatively and quantitatively distinct EMP during activation compared to apoptosis. Analysis of EMP phenotypic signatures may provide clinically useful information on the status of the endothelium. | yes |
12,778,389 | Do neuroblastoma cells inhibit the immunostimulatory function of dendritic cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Dendritic cells (DC) are critical for induction of antitumor immunity. Recent studies suggest that tumors may avoid immune destruction by inhibiting DC function. The authors investigated the effect of neuroblastoma (NB) on surface antigen expression and T cell activation by DCs.",
"DCs were g... | These findings have significant implications for tumor-pulsed DC vaccines in the treatment of NB and suggest a mechanism by which NB escape rejection. | yes |
12,778,381 | Does advanced neuroblastoma impair dendritic cell function in adoptive immunotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The authors previously described the complete regression of established neuroblastoma (NB) by the adoptive transfer of syngeneic interleukin-12 transduced dendritic cells (DC) from naive mice. However, some malignancies, like NB, abrogate DC immunostimulation. The authors hypothesize that IL-12 t... | IL-12 DC from tumor-bearing animals have a decreased ability to induce antitumor activity against established murine NB. This decreased capacity appears to be related to the duration of exposure to tumor because day 14 transduced DC had less of an effect than day 7 DC, despite similar phenotypes and ability to activate... | yes |
12,778,384 | Does eGF receptor signaling affect bcl-2 family gene expression and apoptosis after massive small bowel resection? | {
"contexts": [
"After massive small bowel resection (SBR), enterocyte apoptosis is elevated and inversely correlates with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether EGFR manipulation affects the expression of specific bcl-2 family members.",
"... | After massive small bowel resection, inhibition of the EGFR accelerates the rate of apoptosis and modifies the expression of specific bcl-2 family members to favor apoptosis. These results further support a specific mechanistic pathway for the regulation of enterocyte apoptosis after SBR via EGFR signaling. | yes |
12,759,540 | Is expression of vascular endothelial growth factor D associated with lymph node metastasis in human colorectal carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-D by tumors is associated with metastasis to lymph nodes in mice. However, there are few reports concerning the clinical significance of VEGF-D protein in human carcinoma.",
"After confirming production of VEGF-D by eight colorectal carc... | These results suggest that the expression of VEGF-D protein could be useful in predicting the nodal status of colorectal carcinoma patients. | yes |
12,752,583 | Is neonatal interleukin-12 capacity associated with variations in allergen-specific immune responses in the neonatal and postnatal periods? | {
"contexts": [
"A reduced capacity of antigen presenting cells (APC) to provide pro-T helper 1 (Th1) signals, such as IL-12, to T cells during early life may be implicated in the development of T helper 2 (Th2)-mediated allergic disease. In this study we examined the relationships between the capacity for IL-12 ... | Reduced APC IL-12 production in the perinatal period was associated with reduced T cell activation (lymphoproliferation), stronger neonatal Th2 responses, and weaker Th1 responses to allergen in the postnatal period. This supports the notion that variations in APC function in early life may contribute to altered allerg... | yes |
12,782,842 | Does tonography demonstrate reduced facility of outflow of aqueous humor in myocilin mutation carriers? | {
"contexts": [
"To demonstrate the effect in vivo of the myocilin gene mutation Thr377Met on outflow facility of aqueous humor, as measured by tonography.",
"Forty-two members of a pedigree known to carry the Thr377Met mutation were examined for glaucoma, evaluated with tonography, and screened for myocilin ... | Carriers of the myocilin Thr377Met mutation have reduced outflow facility, which may be detected prior to developing glaucoma. Tonography was not seen to be clinically useful in predicting progression towards glaucoma. | yes |
12,756,021 | Do serum levels of cytokines correlate to donor chimerism and acute graft-vs.-host disease after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Some patients become full donor chimeras (DC) early after stem-cell transplantation (SCT), while others remain mixed chimeras for a longer time. Little is known about the mechanism behind these phenomena.",
"Serum cytokine levels during conditioning and during the first month after SCT were a... | These results indicate that an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and immune- modulating cytokines are involved in the development of chimerism and acute GVHD after allo-SCT. The Fas/FasL pathway is probably involved in the elimination of recipient cells leading to full donor chimerism. | yes |
12,753,441 | Does the dynostatic algorithm accurately calculate alveolar pressure on-line during ventilator treatment in children? | {
"contexts": [
"Monitoring of respiratory mechanics during ventilator treatment in paediatric intensive care is currently based on pressure and flow measurements in the ventilator or at the Y-piece. The characteristics of the tracheal tube will modify the pressures affecting the airways and alveoli in an unpredi... | Fibreoptic measurement of tracheal pressure in combination with the dynostatic calculation of alveolar pressure provides an on-line monitoring of the effects of ventilatory mode in terms of volume-dependent compliance, tracheal peak pressure and true positive end expiratory pressure. | yes |
12,771,604 | Do heat shock protein 70-2+1267 AA homozygotes have an increased risk of septic shock in adults with community-acquired pneumonia? | {
"contexts": [
"Heat shock protein (HSP)70-2 is an important immunomodulatory protein induced in response to inflammatory stimuli. We assessed whether HSP70-2+1267 genotype influenced the risk of septic shock in a prospective cohort study of community-acquired pneumonia and whether HSP70-2+1267 genotype is a bet... | HSP70-2+1267 genotype is a stronger predictor of septic shock in patients with community-acquired pneumonia than lymphotoxin-alpha +250 genotype. | yes |
12,751,631 | Does midazolam exhibit characteristics of a highly permeable P-glycoprotein substrate? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate whether midazolam exhibits characteristics of a highly permeable P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and to evaluate the potential influence of P-gp inhibition on 1-OH midazolam formation during midazolam transport.",
"P-gp interaction was investigated... | The results indicate that midazolam exhibited characteristics of a highly permeable P-gp substrate. 1-OH midazolam formation during A-to-B midazolam transport increased slightly when P-gp was inhibited. | yes |
12,759,217 | Does intraaortic filtration capture particulate debris in OPCAB cases using anastomotic devices? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies associate atheroemboli with neurologic complications following cardiac surgery. The International Council of Emboli Management (ICEM) has demonstrated debris is captured when intraaortic filtration is employed during cardiac surgery. Particulate debris has been extracted from over 98% of ... | These data clearly suggest that there is no difference between the amount of particulate debris generated in OPCAB cases versus CPB cases. In OPCAB cases where an anastomosis device was used without a partial clamp, particulate debris may be reduced but not eliminated. These findings may demonstrate the importance of a... | yes |
12,751,685 | Do endodontic treatment of permanent teeth in children with a new calcium-carbamide-formaldehyde paste? | {
"contexts": [
"AIM, MATERIAL AND METHODS: Endodontic treatment of a total of 303 teeth with pulpitis and periodontitis was performed with a new calcium-carbamide-formaldehyde paste. In three children with fractured teeth with complications, the applied treatment was combined (2 teeth with apical osteotomy and 1... | The calcium-carbamide-formaldehyde paste stimulates bone regeneration and closing of the apex without coloring the hard dental tissues. | yes |
12,766,896 | Do kidneys in hypertensive rats show reduced response to nitric oxide synthase inhibition as evaluated by BOLD MRI? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether the noninvasive technique of blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD MRI) can detect changes in renal medullary oxygenation following administration of a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Hypertension i... | Based on the differential effect of NO synthase inhibition on medullary oxygenation, BOLD MRI can distinguish hypertensive from normal kidney. Our results are consistent with previously reported observations using invasive methods. | yes |
12,772,774 | Is selective COX-2 inhibition associated with decreased mucosal damage induced by acid and pepsin in rabbit esophagitis? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effects of COX-1 and/or COX-2 inhibition in a model of chronic esophagitis in rabbits.",
"Both high- and low-grade esophagitis were induced in rabbits by the perfusion of acidified pepsin. Rabbits were treated with either a selective COX-2 inhibitor (DFU[3-(3-Fluorophenyl)-4-(... | COX-1 activity is constitutive in the rabbit esophageal mucosa, but both COX-2 and COX-1 activity are increased under the impact of acidified pepsin. Treatment with the COX-2 inhibitor DFU is associated with improvement of mucosal damage, which may have therapeutic implications. | yes |
12,777,902 | Is blood transfusion , independent of shock severity , associated with worse outcome in trauma? | {
"contexts": [
"We have previously shown that blood transfusion in the first 24 hours is an independent predictor of mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and increased ICU length of stay in the acute trauma setting when controlling for Injury Severity Score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and age. Indices ... | Blood transfusion is confirmed as an independent predictor of mortality, ICU admission, ICU LOS, and hospital LOS in trauma after controlling for severity of shock by admission base deficit, lactate, shock index, and anemia. The use of other hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying resuscitation fluids (such as human or bovine... | yes |
12,774,162 | Do plasma oxidative parameters and mortality in patients with severe burn injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine xanthine oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter in survivors and nonsurvivors patients with severe burn injury.",
"Prospective, comparative observational study in an intensive care u... | For the first time we demonstrate the value of oxidative parameters, namely thiobarbituric acid reactive species, protein carbonyls, and xanthine oxidase activity, in identifying burn patients with a poor prognosis. Whether these parameters are merely markers of clinical course, or whether they signal specific deleteri... | yes |
12,772,017 | Is intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery the significant predictor of angiographically proven coronary artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have shown a relationship between intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery and coronary artery disease (CAD). The role of IMT in the prediction of significant CAD has not been established.",
"To investigate the diagnostic accuracy of IMT measurement and the d... | The increase in IMT is the significant positive predictor of angiographically proven CAD; other predictors are high age, low HDL cholesterol and, less significantly, high total cholesterol. Presence of carotid plaques and male sex do not add any new information for the prediction of CAD once the predictors are consider... | yes |
12,766,621 | Does alcohol affect executive cognitive functioning differentially on the ascending versus descending limb of the blood alcohol concentration curve? | {
"contexts": [
"Executive cognitive functioning (ECF), a construct that includes cognitive abilities such as planning, abstract reasoning, and the capacity to govern self-directed behavior, has been recently researched as an antecedent to many forms of psychopathology and has been implicated in alcohol-related a... | Our results support the conclusion that alcohol negatively affects cognitive performance and has a differential effect on the descending versus the ascending limb of the blood alcohol concentration curve. The latter finding may have important ramifications relating to the detrimental consequences of alcohol intoxicatio... | yes |
12,766,622 | Does mecamylamine attenuate the subjective stimulant-like effects of alcohol in social drinkers? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have implicated central nicotinic cholinergic receptor systems in the reinforcing properties of alcohol. In laboratory animals, mecamylamine, a central nicotinic receptor antagonist, reduces the consumption of and preference for alcohol. This study investigated the effect of mecamy... | These findings suggest that nicotinic cholinergic receptors are involved in mediating some of the stimulant-like effects of alcohol. | yes |
12,766,626 | Is serotonin transporter gene variation associated with alcohol sensitivity in rhesus macaques exposed to early-life stress? | {
"contexts": [
"Decreased sensitivity to alcohol has been demonstrated to be a predictor of alcoholism in humans, and variation in the gene-linked polymorphic region of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) is associated with the response to the motor-impairing effects of alcohol. In a nonhuman primate model of e... | As in some human reports, this study demonstrates a diminution in the response to alcohol in animals homozygous for the l rh5-HTTLPR allele. The phenotypic expression of this genotype in l/s animals, however, is environmentally dependent. | yes |
12,766,970 | Do serodiagnosis of human plague by a combination of immunomagnetic separation and flow cytometry? | {
"contexts": [
"Plague is a severe, highly communicable bacterial disease caused by Yersinia pestis. It is still endemic in more than 20 countries worldwide. Although known as a devastating disease for centuries, laboratory confirmation of clinical suspected cases is still problematic. No standardized and intern... | Compared with a recently published combination of an anti-F1 CA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot, the new assay showed the same sensitivity as the ELISA and almost the same specificity (99.0 versus 100%) as the immunoblot. Allowing a rapid, reliable, and quantitative analysis, immunomagnetic sep... | yes |
12,757,113 | Does brief refeeding rapidly reverse dietary restriction-induced nuclear factor-kappaB downregulation in peritoneal resident cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Malnutrition impairs host immunity, resulting in high mortality and morbidity, secondary to infections. Nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) plays a critical role in host defense, but how quickly refeeding normalizes the impaired NFkappaB activity in peritoneal resident cells (PRCs) is unknown. Our a... | The blunted NFkappaB activity in PRCs, after exposure to inflammatory stimuli, was restored after 1 day of refeeding, with increased accumulation of NFkappaB in the cytoplasm. Even brief nutritional replenishment in malnutrition may improve host defense by restoring NFkappaB activity and thereby improving macrophage fu... | yes |
12,767,105 | Is dexamethasone-associated toxicity during induction chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia augmented by concurrent use of daunomycin? | {
"contexts": [
"The goals of the current study were to examine the incidence and severity of toxicity resulting from dexamethasone and prednisone during induction therapy for children with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to determine whether the addition of daunomycin affected toxicity.",... | The addition of daunomycin led to a much larger increase in dexamethasone-related toxicity compared with the increase in prednisone-related toxicity. Although the use of daunomycin enhanced dexamethasone-related toxicity, this enhancement did not result in a higher mortality rate or the alteration of planned ALL therap... | yes |
12,782,163 | Does hepatocyte growth factor stimulate proliferation and migration during wound healing of retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"A defect in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells may cause dysfunction of the neural retina, so rapid recovery of differentiated RPE cells is required after RPE injury. We investigated the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on wound healing in RPE cells.",
"Confluent monolayers of bov... | HGF stimulated wound closure in cultured RPE cells, and rendered restituted cells epithelioid in shape. HGF may become a therapeutic candidate for RPE wound healing. | yes |
12,765,991 | Does chemiluminescence assay improve specificity of hepatitis C antibody detection? | {
"contexts": [
"Antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) have typically been detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A chemiluminescence assay (CA) for anti-HCV is now commercially available.",
"We compared the positive rate for a CA in a HCV screening program for veterans with historical rates obtained with... | CA produces fewer false-positive and fewer low-positive results that require confirmatory RIBA testing. The S/C ratio remains useful for characterizing positive results. | yes |
12,768,788 | Does [ Lipopolysaccharide enhance DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B in the mouse cochlea ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To ascertain whether inoculation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the mouse cochlea might induce enhancement of DNA binding activity of NK-kappa B and to establish a positive model of NF-kappa B activation in the cochlea.",
"Two groups of CBA mice were transtympanically injected either with 1... | LPS could induce NF-kappa B activation in the cochlea. Moreover, this study implies that tissues from LPS-inoculated cochlea might serve as a useful positive control in the study on activation of NF-kappa B in cochlea. | yes |
12,761,450 | Does adenosine-activated myocardial ischemia induce delayed preconditioning? | {
"contexts": [
"Our objective was to determine whether adenosine-induced ischemia exerts a delayed cardiac protective effect in patients with stable effort angina ischemic heart disease.",
"The study group was comprised of 32 patients (men) with symptoms of stable effort angina, aged 38-65 years (Group 1), a... | Adenosine-induced ischemia does not exert a delayed protective effect in respect to cardiac bioelectrical and mechanical functions in patients with ischemic heart disease in the form of stable effort angina. | no |
12,753,147 | Do scirrhous changes in dysplastic nodules indicate high-grade status? | {
"contexts": [
"Dysplastic nodules (DN) may be divided into high-grade and low-grade, and the former has been known as a precancerous or borderline lesion. Recently many morphological characteristics concerning these types of DN have been reported. In the present study we attempted to evaluate the scirrhous chan... | This evidence indicated that the scirrhous change in DN was not a specific feature of high-grade DN. We also found that scirrhous DN have two morphological varieties that may represent biologically different processes, that is, pericellular scirrhous type and stellate scirrhous type. | no |
12,753,149 | Does gross appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma reflect E-cadherin expression and risk of early recurrence after surgical treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Correlation between the gross classification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its vascular invasion or intrahepatic metastasis has been reported previously. Because E-cadherin-mediated epithelial cell-to-cell adhesion is thought to suppress cancer cell invasion, the present study was perform... | Types 2 and 3 HCC have marked metastatic and invasive potential and reduced expression of E-cadherin, predicting a high risk of recurrence after surgical treatment. | yes |
12,755,353 | Is antenatal pelvic organ mobility associated with delivery mode? | {
"contexts": [
"Relaxation of pelvic ligaments may facilitate parturition in certain animal species. Biomechanical properties of pelvic connective tissue may also influence progress of labour in the human female. This study was designed to test whether peripheral joint mobility or pelvic organ mobility as measur... | Third trimester pelvic organ mobility is associated with duration of second stage and delivery mode. | yes |
12,752,139 | Does alefacept therapy produce remission for patients with chronic plaque psoriasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Alefacept, human LFA-3/IgG1 fusion protein, is a novel biological agent currently being developed for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. Alefacept selectively reduces the memory-effector T cells that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease; as a result, alefacept is classi... | Alefacept is a biological agent for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis that provides disease-free intervals and time off drug therapy. | yes |
12,764,741 | Does impact on survivors of retinoblastoma when informed of study result on risk of second cancers? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the impact of providing research feedback to retinoblastoma survivors or their parents regarding the risk of second cancers.",
"A four-page survey was sent to 801 retinoblastoma survivors and 55 parents to ascertain their reactions to a \"results-letter.\" The \"results-letter\" pro... | These findings indicate that research participants want feedback even when the information is upsetting. Additional studies are needed to identify individuals who experience greater levels of distress following feedback in an attempt to provide improved methods of feedback and support. | yes |
12,769,149 | Does corneal endothelial morphology result in the Menicon Z 30-day continuous-wear contact lens clinical trial? | {
"contexts": [
"This evaluation was conducted as part of a protocol entitled Evaluation of the Menicon Z Rigid Gas Permeable Contact Lens for up to 30 Days Extended Wear. The purpose of the protocol was to compare corneal endothelial morphology changes after wearing rigid gas-permeable (RGP) Menicon Z contact le... | The Menicon Z lens wearers in this study did not show significant endothelial cell morphology changes after 1 year of nearly continuous contact lens wear. This finding is particularly important considering the RGP wearers in this study were older by a average of 10 years (mean age approximately 40) and had worn their c... | yes |
12,753,541 | Is rhinovirus detectable in peripheral lung tissue after asthma death? | {
"contexts": [
"Viral infections are associated with both mild and severe exacerbations of asthma and may therefore be associated with asthma death. As such we hypothesized that it might be possible to detect rhinovirus (RV), the virus most frequently implicated in acute asthma, in lung tissue from patients who ... | RV infection of the lower airway may be an uncommon cause of fatal asthma. Alternatively, RV may not extend to peripheral airways and more proximal tissue sampling or PCR assays for other viruses may be required to determine an association between viral respiratory tract infection and fatal asthma. | no |
12,759,297 | Is in vitro growth rate of fibroblast-like synovial cells reduced by methotrexate treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) can be cultured and expanded in vitro in monolayer. Little is known about the growth characteristics of FLS derived from different patients.",
"To study FLS cultures, with particular attention to differences in growth rate of FLS from patients with rheumat... | The results suggest that FLS growth in monolayer is not dependent on the disease affecting the joint. MTX treatment, however, was more relevant in determining FLS growth rate. | yes |
12,759,290 | Does mycophenolate mofetil prevent a clinical relapse in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by the presence of antibodies to double stranded DNA (dsDNA), which are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Previous studies showed that at least two thirds of patients develop a clinical relapse within six months after a significant rise in th... | Administration of MMF after a rise in antibodies to dsDNA is well tolerated, decreases anti-dsDNA and B cell activation, and seems to prevent the occurrence of a clinical relapse in patients with SLE. | yes |
12,766,367 | Is prothrombin G20210A mutation , but not factor V Leiden , a risk factor in patients with persistent foramen ovale and otherwise unexplained cerebral ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Paradoxical embolism via persistent foramen ovale (PFO) is suspected to be a frequent cause of stroke in younger patients. We investigated whether the prevalence of the risk factors for venous thrombosis factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A mutation (PT G20210A) is increased in this grou... | We identified PT G20210A but not FVL - the strongest genetic risk factor for deep venous thrombosis - to be significantly associated with stroke attributed to PFO. These findings rise doubts about the concept of paradoxical brain embolism as the dominating mechanism in stroke associated with PFO. | yes |
12,766,093 | Do motivational brochures increase the number of medicare-eligible persons with diabetes making therapeutic footwear claims? | {
"contexts": [
"This study tests the hypothesis that Medicare beneficiaries at high risk of foot complications who are mailed a motivational brochure describing the Medicare diabetes-related therapeutic footwear benefit will increase their therapeutic footwear-related Medicare claims.",
"In this quasi-experi... | Mailed motivational brochures were associated with an increase in the number of persons making therapeutic footwear claims. Randomized trials should confirm these findings. | yes |
12,766,092 | Does weight loss in combination with physical activity improve endothelial dysfunction in human obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"To test whether weight loss may improve endothelial dysfunction in human obesity, we recruited 28 healthy obese subjects, aged 30-46 years, with BMI 30-43 kg/m(2).",
"Endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were investigated by intra-arterial infusion of increasing doses of acetyl... | Our data demonstrate that energy-restricted diet associated with physical activity induce a significant and clinically relevant improvement in ACh-stimulated vasodilation in obese healthy subjects. | yes |
12,751,627 | Does correlation of subcellular compartmentalization of HPMA copolymer-Mce6 conjugate with chemotherapeutic activity in human ovarian carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracellular targets sensitive to oxidized damage generated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-mesochlorin e6 monoethylenediamine (Mce6) conjugates was explored to aid in the design of second generation PDT delivery systems.",
"Low temp... | Nuclear delivery was observed for P-NLS(FITC)-GG-Mce6 and P-NLS(FITC)-GFLG-Mce6 indicating NLS was a feasible approach for nuclear delivery. Due to the cationic nature of NLS, increased membrane binding of PDT systems incorporating cationic nuclear targeting moieties must be addressed. | yes |
12,757,112 | Is glutamine infusion during ischemia detrimental in a murine gut ischemia/reperfusion model? | {
"contexts": [
"Gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) frequently occurs in clinical settings as a result of disproportionate splanchnic hypoperfusion during shock. Glutamine (GLN) supplementation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) before gut I/R improves survival after gut I/R compared with standard TPN. However, it i... | GLN infusion during ischemia is detrimental for survival after gut I/R. A possible mechanism is excessive priming of myeloid cells caused by GLN infusion. Timing of GLN administration is critical for outcome after gut ischemic insult. | yes |
12,764,578 | Does gastric inhibitory polypeptide ( GIP ) dose-dependently stimulate glucagon secretion in healthy human subjects at euglycaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"In the isolated perfused pancreas, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) has been shown to enhance glucagon secretion at basal glucose concentrations, but in healthy humans no glucagonotropic effect of GIP has yet been reported. Therefore, we studied the effect of GIP on glucagon secretion under n... | Glucagon secretion is dose-dependently stimulated by GIP at basal glucose concentrations. The absence of a glucagonotropic GIP effect in previous studies could be due to the hyperglycaemic conditions used in these experiments. Our results underline differences between GIP and the glucagonostatic incretin GLP-1. | yes |
12,759,776 | Does extent of parietal peritonectomy change intraperitoneal chemotherapy pharmacokinetics? | {
"contexts": [
"To measure the clearance intraperitoneal mitomycin C and doxorubicin in patients having peritonectomy and analyze the impact of the extent of peritoneal resection on pharmacokinetics.",
"A group of 15 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis were submitted to cytoreductive surgery and heated i... | The extent of parietal peritoneal resection did not affect the pharmacokinetics of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. The pharmacological barrier between the abdominopelvic cavity and plasma is not directly related to an intact peritoneum. | no |
12,778,449 | Is [ Coding single nucleotide polymorphism an ideal marker for detecting gene imprinting by 5 ' nuclease assay ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish a novel approach for quick and high throughput verification of human gene imprinting.",
"By use of a pair of dye-labeled probes, 5' nuclease assay was combined with reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR) to genotype a coding single nucleotide polymorphism (cSNP), rs705(C/T) of a known... | Coding SNP is an ideal marker for detecting gene imprinting by 5' nuclease assay. This approach has also a potentiality to discover differential allele expression of non-imprinted genes in order to find gene cis-acting functional polymorphism. | yes |
12,753,988 | Is reduced expression of p27 correlated with progression in precancerous lesions of the larynx? | {
"contexts": [
"Factors related to malignant transformation of laryngeal precancerous lesions remain largely unknown, so we investigated the relationship between the expression of p27 and precancerous laryngeal lesion.",
"In this study we investigated the expressions of p27 and p53 protein in 56 cases with l... | Our results revealed that immunohistochemical assessment of p27 in bioptic samples of laryngeal precancerous lesions might be useful in selective patients who should undergo a more specific follow-up evaluation. | yes |
12,753,984 | Does neurotrophin-3 modify potassium currents in isolated inner hair cells from guinea-pig cochlea? | {
"contexts": [
"Neurotrophins elicited short-term glutamate release from the presynaptic locus. The aim of this study was to investigate short-term effects of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) on the membrane current of inner hair cells (IHCs).",
"IHCs were isolated from the guinea-pig cochlea. Membrane currents were me... | NT-3 suppressed the amplitude of K current on IHCs, suggesting that neurotrophins are capable of potentiating the hair cells' excitability. Neurotrophins may have a therapeutic value in the prevention and treatment of hearing impairment caused by inner ear damage. | yes |
12,782,960 | Is nOTCH4 gene promoter polymorphism associated with the age of onset in schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"The NOTCH4 gene has a promoter polymor-phism at position -25, which leads to the three genotypes TT, CT and CC. These have been suggested to present a novel independent genetic risk factor for schizophrenia. We conducted a prospective case-control study to explore the impact of NOTCH4 T-25C polym... | The NOTCH4 T-25C polymorphism has an important effect on the age of onset in schizophrenia and thus may be related to an early pathogenesis of schizophrenia in young patients. Alternatively, these findings may represent a significant genetic marker for managing subgroups and etiological clues in schizophrenia. | yes |
12,750,926 | Are the splice variants 120 and 164 of the angiogenic peptide vascular endothelial cell growth factor ( VEGF ) expressed during Achilles tendon healing? | {
"contexts": [
"The Achilles tendon is one of the most common sites of tendon injury and rupture. One of the early events of wound healing is angiogenesis, in which neovascularization prompts delivery of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts to the wound site. Angiogenesis is controlled by a variety of mitogenic, c... | These results prove the presence of the splice variants VEGF(120 )and VEGF(164) in ruptured tendons during the healing process. The demonstrated up-regulation of VEGF in intrinsic tenocytes suggests a role for VEGF in mechanisms of angiogenesis and Achilles tendon repair. Further research is needed to evaluate if VEGF ... | yes |
12,771,305 | Is re-operation frequently required when parathyroid glands remain after initial parathyroidectomy for advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism in uraemic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Parathyroidectomy (PTx) is the most successful treatment for advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT) not responsive to medical treatment. However, persistent HPT remains problematic after PTx if some glands remain. The clinical course in patients with persistent 2HPT was evaluated to clarif... | To prevent persistent 2HPT, all parathyroid glands must be found and resected during the initial operation. Even if small parathyroid glands remain, there is a risk of progression. Complete PTx is the first treatment choice for advanced 2HPT. | yes |
12,768,403 | Is scalp hypothermia to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia effective and safe : a pilot study of a new digitized scalp-cooling system used in 74 patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a new digitized, controlled, scalp-cooling system to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia.",
"Seventy-four female cancer patients who received 13 varying chemotherapy regimens were included in a nonrandomized pilot study. The Di... | The digitized, controlled, scalp-cooling system represents an effective and safe device that should be clinically evaluated in a randomized trial and in studies using other chemotherapy regimens to determine optimal temperatures and durations of cooling for maximal efficacy. | yes |
12,757,874 | Do cardiomyocytes derived from embryonic stem cells resemble cardiomyocytes of the embryonic heart tube? | {
"contexts": [
"After formation of the linear heart tube a chamber-specific program of gene expression becomes active that underlies the formation of the chamber myocardium. To assess whether this program is recapitulated in in vitro differentiated embryonic stem cells, we performed qualitative and quantitative ... | Together, these data suggest that most cardiomyocytes acquired by differentiation of embryonic stem cells maintain a phenotype reminiscent of that of the cardiomyocytes of the primary heart tube, and hardly any myocytes develop a chamber myocardial phenotype. | yes |
12,753,151 | Does loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17p predict neoplastic progression in Barrett 's esophagus? | {
"contexts": [
"Endoscopic surveillance for adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett's esophagus is costly, with one cancer detected every 48-441 patient years of follow up. Genetic abnormalities, including loss of heterozygosity at sites of tumor suppressor genes, have been detected in malignant and premalignant... | Loss of heterozygosity at 17p11.1-p13 on chromosome 17p identifies patients with Barrett's esophagus at risk of neoplastic progression and can supplement histology in determining the frequency of endoscopy during surveillance. | yes |
12,753,157 | Is delta ( 13 ) C-urea breath test value a useful indicator for Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with functional dyspepsia? | {
"contexts": [
"Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is not routinely recommended for the symptomatic relief and the prevention of gastric cancer in patients with functional dyspepsia. The present study investigated a useful indicator of H. pylori eradication in such patients by determining the optimal cutoff valu... | The 13C-UBT is a reliable semiquantitative test to assess H. pylori density and the activity and degree of gastritis. It is proposed that H. pylori eradication therapy might be beneficial for patients with functional dyspepsia with a delta 13C-UBT of >58.2 per thousand. | yes |
12,763,370 | Does cytokeratin 7 staining of hepatocytes predict progression to more severe fibrosis in alcohol-fed baboons? | {
"contexts": [
"Not all alcoholic patients develop severe liver disease with fibrosis progressing to cirrhosis. It is of practical importance to determine whether some markers can predict progression of liver fibrosis.",
"We used a baboon model that mimics human alcoholic liver disease. Cytokeratin 7 and 19 ... | In alcohol-fed baboons, cytokeratin 7 staining of hepatocytes (but not cytokeratin 19, nor fat deposition) predicts with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity progression to more severe liver disease. | yes |
12,763,374 | Does constitutive over-expression of the insulin receptor substrate-1 cause functional up-regulation of Fas receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin- and insulin growth factor-1 stimulated signaling through the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) promotes hepatocellular proliferation and survival. IRS-1 over-expression in transgenic (Tg) mouse livers caused constitutive activation of Erk mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ph... | These findings suggest that the increased growth caused by IRS-1 over-expression is balanced by constitutive activation of pro-death mechanisms. Failure of the IRS-1 Tg mice to develop liver cancer may be due to preservation of pro-growth, pro-death homeostasis mechanisms. | yes |
12,781,876 | Is long tube decompression successful in 90 % of patients with adhesive small bowel obstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"For patients with small bowel obstruction (SBO), who do not have strangulation obstruction or other contraindications, long tube decompression has been successful in 75% in two studies. In a 1995 prospective randomized study, comparing nasogastric suction (short tube) with long tube decompression... | For patients with SBO due to adhesions, a trial with long tube decompression for 48 to 72 hours is recommended. For those who fail a trial with the long tube, laparotomy with enterolysis or bowel resection is indicated. If the operative findings indicate a high risk for recurrent obstruction, then long tube splinting o... | yes |
12,753,299 | Does the AGE inhibitor pyridoxamine inhibit lipemia and development of renal and vascular disease in Zucker obese rats? | {
"contexts": [
"In previous studies, pyridoxamine (PM) limited the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and development of nephropathy in streptozotocin-diabetic rats without affecting glycemic control. However, the lipid-lowering effects of PM and the correlation of plasma cholesterol and triglyc... | Lipids are an important source of chemical modification of tissue proteins, even in the absence of hyperglycemia. PM inhibited AGE/ALE formation and hyperlipidemia and protected against renal and vascular pathology in a nondiabetic model. | yes |
12,774,635 | Do [ Study on pharmacology of ultra-fine particles compound Rehmannia ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To observe pharmacological difference between ultra-fine particles of six ingredient Rehmannia pill and traditional six ingredient Rehmannia pill.",
"Pharmacokinetic index was measured by death rate, and pharmacology actions were compared by anti-fatigue, hypoglycemic, clearance rate of charc... | Ultra-fine particles of six ingredient Rehmannia pill are better than traditional six ingredient Rehmannia pill in bioavailability and pharmacology actions, and the weight of pill is reduced while efficacy is enhenced by ultra-fine particles. | yes |
12,757,090 | Does intravitreal dexamethasone effectively reduce postoperative inflammation after vitreoretinal surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Corticosteroids remain the mainstay for control of ocular inflammation after vitreous surgery. A controlled, randomized, prospective study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a single intravitreal injection of dexamethasone phosphate on postoperative inflammation after simple vitreous ... | Intravitreal dexamethasone significantly alleviates postoperative inflammation after vitreous surgery and is a useful adjunct. | yes |
12,752,602 | Do mast cells play a partial role in allergen-induced subepithelial fibrosis in a murine model of allergic asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Role of mast cells in the development of allergen-induced airway remodelling has not been fully investigated in vivo.",
"To clarify the possible role of mast cells in the development of allergen-induced airway remodelling, we compared their responses of genetically mast cell-deficient mice, W... | These findings suggest that mast cells play a partial role in the development of allergen-induced subepithelial fibrosis, although airway inflammation, epithelial remodelling and BHR caused by repeated allergen challenge are independent of mast cells, at least in this model. | yes |
12,773,979 | Is biliary bile acid concentration a simple and reliable indicator for liver function after hepatobiliary resection for biliary cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The functional recovery of the remnant liver after an extended hepatectomy is critical for the outcome of the patient. The aim of this prospective study was to examine whether biliary bile acids could be an indicator for postoperative liver function.",
"Externally drained bile samples were ob... | Biliary bile acid concentration could be a simple, real-time, reliable indicator of preoperative and postoperative liver function. | yes |
12,763,762 | Is periodontal disease associated with brachial artery endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether periodontal disease is associated with endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Epidemiological studies suggest that severe periodontal disease is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk, but the mechanisms remain unknown.... | Subjects with advanced periodontal disease exhibit endothelial dysfunction and evidence of systemic inflammation, possibly placing them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. | yes |
12,763,763 | Does angiotensin II inhibit endothelial cell motility through an AT1-dependent oxidant-sensitive decrement of nitric oxide availability? | {
"contexts": [
"The migratory capability of vascular endothelial cells plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of vessel wall integrity and is stimulated by nitric oxide (NO). Angiotensin II increases NAD(P)H oxidase activity in endothelial cells, thereby promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Becau... | All together, our data demonstrate that angiotensin II inhibits HUVEC motility by reducing NO availability. Such reduction is due to an angiotensin II type 1 receptor-dependent increment in intracellular ROS generation. | yes |
12,779,257 | Does survey of the use of suction drain in head and neck surgery and analysis of their biomechanical properties? | {
"contexts": [
"Closed suction drains have an important role in surgical wound healing. Although most surgeons use them routinely, indications for use and their postoperative management (emptying, removal) vary. The purpose of this study was to assess drain use by head and neck surgeons in Canada, to conduct a b... | Postoperative drain management has important implications in surgical wound healing. Drain reservoirs should be monitored frequently to ensure adequate compression, particularly in the first 24 hours after insertion. Anticipated volume of drainage should dictate in part which reservoir is chosen. A larger reservoir is ... | yes |
12,754,348 | Is cerebrovascular pressure reactivity related to global cerebral oxygen metabolism after head injury? | {
"contexts": [
"After head injury, impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation has been associated with abnormally high or low cerebral blood flow. The physiological relevance of cerebral blood flow levels is difficult to assess in these patients, whose cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (CMRO(2)) is known to be abn... | There is a close relation between dysautoregulation and abnormal cerebral metabolism but not blood flow. Further studies are needed to determine whether metabolic dysfunction is a result of or a cause of disturbed pressure reactivity, and to establish if there is a relation between cerebral oxygen metabolism and outcom... | yes |
12,752,330 | Are frequency and intensity of responses to mite patch tests lower in nonatopic subjects with respect to patients with atopic dermatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"So far the issue of patch tests with mite allergens in subjects not affected by atopic dermatitis (AD) has been poorly investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency and intensity of responses to atopy patch tests with Dermatophagoides in non-AD subjects, and to compare them to t... | Although positive responses to mite patch tests are also observable in subjects without AD, their frequency and intensity are significantly lower compared with AD patients. | yes |
12,773,133 | Does the R271W mutant form of Pit-1 act as a dominant inhibitor of Pit-1 action to activate the promoters of GH and prolactin genes? | {
"contexts": [
"Genetic abnormalities of the pituitary specific transcription factor, Pit-1, have been reported in several patients with GH, prolactin (PRL) and TSH deficiencies. The most common is a mutation altering an arginine to a tryptophan in codon 271 (R271W) in one allele of the Pit-1 gene. According to ... | Taken together with the evidence that phenotypically normal cases have been reported with this mutation, our results deny the relationship between R271W and combined pituitary hormone deficiency. | no |
12,773,131 | Is calcium-sensing receptor gene polymorphism associated with bone mineral density in Italian postmenopausal women? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a candidate gene for osteoporosis susceptibility. Several CaR polymorphisms have been identified and an association between the A986S genotype and serum calcium levels has been found in Canadian postmenopausal women. We investigated whether the presence of 986S a... | Our data do not support a role of A986S CaR polymorphism in BMD and in the prevalence of fragility fractures in Italian postmenopausal women. | no |
12,756,357 | Does r136K fibroblast growth factor-1 mutant induce heparin-independent migration of endothelial cells through fibrin glue? | {
"contexts": [
"R136K is a mutation of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) in which arginine replaces lysine at the primary thrombin cleavage site. This may be important in vivo in inducing endothelial cell (EC) migration and coverage of arterial injury sites by allowing R136K to be used in a fibrin glue delivery... | Site-directed mutagenesis of FGF-1 to R136K enables induction of heparin-independent migration of EC through fibrin glue at an optimal concentration of 100 ng/mL. Neither FGF-1 nor R136K elicits SMC migration through fibrin glue. The ability of R136K to induce EC migration through fibrin glue in the absence of heparin ... | yes |
12,756,356 | Do wall shear stress and strain modulate experimental aneurysm cellularity? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical evidence indicates that hemodynamic conditions influence abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease. We modified blood flow to evaluate the effects of wall shear stress (WSS) and relative wall strain (RWS) on aneurysm structure and cellularity.",
"Rodent AAAs were created with porcine p... | High flow conditions stimulate endothelial cell and smooth muscle cell proliferation in experimental aneurysms. Enhanced cellularity may stabilize aortic integrity, limiting aneurysm growth. Increased lower extremity activity may prevent or retard AAA disease through salutary effects on aortic remodeling mediated by en... | yes |
12,768,112 | Does blood pressure at which rebleeding occur after resuscitation in swine with aortic injury? | {
"contexts": [
"The appropriateness of vigorous fluid resuscitation to normal blood pressure following hemorrhage in uncontrolled bleeding has recently been questioned due to the possibility of dislodging clots and exacerbating hemorrhage. To develop a rational blood pressure target that maximizes the metabolic ... | There was a reproducible pressure at which rebleeding occurred in this model of uncontrolled hemorrhage. The optimal endpoint of resuscitation in patients without definitive hemorrhage control would then be below this rebleeding pressure. | yes |
12,764,214 | Does cardiovascular reactivity to stress predict future blood pressure in adolescence? | {
"contexts": [
"This study evaluated the prospective relationship between cardiovascular reactivity to psychological stress and increases in resting blood pressure across a 3-year period among a multiethnic pediatric sample (N = 149).",
"Systolic and diastolic blood pressure; EKG heart rate, pre-ejection per... | This study adds to the pediatric literature documenting an association between cardiovascular reactivity to stress and subsequent risk for hypertension. It is the first to show that impedance-derived measures of myocardial function during stress are related to future blood pressure levels. | yes |
12,756,018 | Does high-resolution comparative genomic hybridisation yield a high detection rate of chromosomal aberrations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytogenetic aberrations are of prognostic significance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemias and a high detection rate could improve the biological understanding and classification of these diseases.",
"Bone-marrow samples from 92 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia were studied... | HRCGH is superior to conventional CGH as an adjunct to G-band karyotyping as it detects recurrent aberrations at a significantly higher rate than both these techniques. | yes |
12,756,019 | Do increased serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 predict clinical outcome of patients with early B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) which agree with progression in solid and haematological tumours were correlated to the risk of disease progression in 62 patients with early (Binet stage A) B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Sera were taken at diagnosis and tested by a... | MMP-9 serum levels predict disease behaviour and help to refine the prognosis of stage A CLL patients. | yes |
12,773,457 | Does oxidative DNA damage in human sperm influence time to pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidative stress and related DNA damage in human sperm may be important for fecundity and pregnancy outcome.",
"We studied the level of oxidative DNA damage in terms of 7-hydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) in sperm DNA among 225 first-pregnancy planners. Over the six menstrual cycle foll... | The data suggest that oxidative damage to sperm DNA influences fecundity and the level of damage is relatively constant within an individual and not influenced by smoking. | yes |
12,768,387 | Does a novel diamino-pyridine derivative ( IS-741 ) attenuate rat ileitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"The etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remain unknown. However, neutrophil infiltration into the inflammatory lesion is an important process in inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we used rat trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) ileitis as a Crohn's disease model, and ... | These results indicate that the oral administration of IS-741 inhibits neutrophil infiltration into inflamed lesions, and is effective for attenuating rat TNBS ileitis. This new anti-inflammatory agent may be beneficial for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. | yes |
12,759,801 | Is altered response to tryptophan supplementation after long-term abstention from MDMA ( ecstasy ) highly correlated with human memory function? | {
"contexts": [
"MDMA (ecstasy; +3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) damages brain serotonin (5-HT) neurons and, in non-human primates, a loss of various 5-HT axonal markers persists for several years. This raises the question of whether long lasting effects occur in human beings that persist even after they have ... | Our results suggest that prolonged abstinence from MDMA might be associated with altered tryptophan metabolism. Ex-users showing the poorest memory function at baseline were also those who metabolised least tryptophan. These findings may reflect pre-morbid differences in 5-HT function of those who stop using this drug ... | yes |
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