pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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18,555,133 | Do human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation synthesize insulin? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an autoimmune disorder with disturbed glucose/insulin metabolism, which has no medical treatment other than life-long insulin therapy, despite which 30% of subjects develop organ failure. Herein we have reported the use of human adipose-tissue-derived, insulin-mak... | This report describes safe and effective treatment of insulinopenic diabetics using insulin-producing h-AD-MSC plus CBM without xenogeneic materials. | yes |
18,566,487 | Does the effect of graphical and numerical presentation of hypothetical prenatal diagnosis result on risk perception? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate various formats for the communication of prenatal test results.",
"In study 1 (N=400), female students completed a questionnaire assessing risk perception, affect, and perceived usefulness of prenatal test results. A randomized, 2 (risk level; low, high) x 4 (format; ratio with nu... | The Paling Perspective Scale resulted in a higher level of perceived risk compared with the other formats. This effect must be taken into account when choosing a graphical or numerical format for risk communication. | yes |
18,569,938 | Does simvastatin alleviate diabetes-induced VEGF-mediated nephropathy via the modulation of Ras signaling pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"The activation of Ras signaling and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in mesangial cells is a pathogenic consequence of diabetic nephropathy. We examined the role of simvastatin in modulating Ras signaling and the expression of VEGF in mesangial cells stressed with high doses o... | Ras protein activation is a key mediator of VEGF-induced diabetic nephropathy. By inhibiting Ras activation, simvastatin modulates the high glucose-induced VEGF-mediated signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. | yes |
18,544,184 | Does trait anxiety determine depressive symptoms and fatigue in women with an abnormality in the breast? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to examine the role of trait anxiety and diagnosis on depressive symptoms and fatigue in women with early stage breast cancer or benign breast problems.",
"A prospective follow-up study was performed in order to find predictors of depressive symptoms and fatigue.",
"From the 1... | Trait anxiety plays a role in experiencing depressive symptoms and fatigue over time. | yes |
18,550,512 | Is anti-Mullerian hormone increased in follicular fluid from unstimulated ovaries in women with polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) may have a role in disordered folliculogenesis in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Though there have been several investigations into circulating AMH levels in patients with PCOS, no previous studies have compared AMH concentrations in the follicular fluid of unstimu... | Highly elevated AMH in follicular fluid from PCOS patients in contrast to age-matched normal controls suggests that increased circulating concentrations of AMH are partly due to the increased production of AMH by individual follicles and not simply attributable to the increased number of small antral follicles. This su... | yes |
18,556,171 | Is combined expression of the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases FAK and Src in primary colorectal cancer associated with tumor recurrence and metastasis formation? | {
"contexts": [
"The protein tyrosine kinase focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src in association with phosphorylation of the adapter protein paxillin are essential in tumor metastasis formation. Elevated levels of FAK, Src and paxillin may increase the metastatic potential of colorectal tumor cells. The aim of the... | These findings show that high levels of FAK and Src combined were predictive for recurrence of colorectal cancer. In addition, expression of FAK, Src and paxillin in colorectal cancer were maintained in corresponding distant metastases. | yes |
18,570,663 | Is bcl-2 expression associated with survival in metastatic cutaneous melanoma : a historical cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Programmed cell death (apoptosis) has been implicated in tumor development and may affect the metastatic potential of tumor cells. The role of bcl-2, a proto-oncogene that inhibits apoptosis, has been studied in several malignancies, including cutaneous melanoma (CM). The purpose of this study wa... | The immunohistochemical expression of bcl-2 in metastasis alone is not a prognostic marker for CM. | no |
18,543,502 | Does [ Problem/case-based learning compared to lecture for acquiring knowledge of air embolism in continuing medical education ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The efficacy of continuing medical education in anesthesiology has been examined very little. This study compared the efficacy of a lecture on air embolism to that of a class that used a problem/case-based learning approach.",
"Prospective, randomized study enrolling 52 experienced anesthesio... | No between-group differences in participants' knowledge outcomes were detected; improvements were minimal. The study design allowed the knowledge acquired to be evaluated objectively. | yes |
18,562,045 | Does p50 gating deficit in Alzheimer dementia correlate to frontal neuropsychological function? | {
"contexts": [
"Cognitive inhibition processes were found to be deficient early in the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The inhibition of redundant information is a precondition for efficient cognitive processing and presumably modulated by prefrontal attentional networks. Deficits in the suppression... | The results support an early inhibitory deficit interfering with executive functions and working memory in AD independent from physiological aging. P50 gating might be applicable as a marker for inhibition deficits and thereby be important for prognosis estimation. | yes |
18,544,159 | Does the mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 ( MDP1 ) from Mycobacterium bovis BCG influence various growth characteristics? | {
"contexts": [
"Pathogenic mycobacteria such as M. tuberculosis, M. bovis or M. leprae are characterised by their extremely slow growth rate which plays an important role in mycobacterial virulence and eradication of the bacteria. Various limiting factors influence the generation time of mycobacteria, and the my... | The MDP1 protein has a major impact on various growth characteristics of M. bovis BCG. It plays an important role in virulence-related traits such as aggregate formation and intracellular multiplication. Its impact on the protein expression in a low-oxygen atmosphere indicates a role in the adaptation to the hypoxic co... | yes |
18,547,588 | Does fluid shear stress regulate the expression of TGF-beta1 and its signaling molecules in mouse embryo mesenchymal progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently we reported that fluid shear stress promotes endothelial cell differentiation from a mouse embryo mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/2. However, it is not clear whether the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) system is associated with shear-induced endothelial differentia... | Fluid shear stress significantly suppresses TGF-beta1 functions through down-regulation of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta R, positive signaling molecules Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, and up-regulation of negative signaling molecule Smad7 in a mouse embryo mesenchymal progenitor cell line C3H10T1/2. This study suggests that the negative r... | yes |
18,554,312 | Is efavirenz replacement by immediate full-dose nevirapine safe in HIV-1-infected patients in Cambodia? | {
"contexts": [
"Efavirenz is used for the antiretroviral treatment of HIV/tuberculosis-coinfected patients in developing countries. A switch to nevirapine is regularly carried out because of the cost and side effects of efavirenz. Pharmacokinetic studies suggested that nevirapine should be initiated at full dose... | Our results indicate that an FDN switch from efavirenz does not appear to result in more AEs than when nevirapine is initiated with escalating doses. These data are particularly relevant in resource-limited settings. | yes |
18,566,457 | Does phase-contrast OCT imaging of transverse flow in the mouse retina and choroid? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that a novel phase-contrast optical coherence tomography (OCT) system can image retinal and choroidal vessels in the living mouse.",
"A high-speed spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) system, which measures the reflections for the entire depth of the ret... | Phase-contrast OCT enables three-dimensional visualization of retinal and choroidal vasculature in vivo. | yes |
18,564,333 | Are peanut-specific B and T cell responses correlated in peanut-allergic but not in non-allergic individuals? | {
"contexts": [
"We aim to find what is the relationship between B cell antibody responses and specific T cell help in the specific cases of allergy and tolerance to peanuts.",
"B cell antibody responses to foreign proteins usually depend upon antigen-specific T cell help. However, specific antibody levels ca... | Our results support the view that B cell responses to allergens but not those to non-allergenic proteins are correlated with specific T cell responses and therefore specific immunotherapy targeting of such T cells would inhibit allergen-specific B cells. | yes |
18,573,389 | Is long-term survival after cardiac surgery predicted by estimated glomerular filtration rate? | {
"contexts": [
"Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a key risk factor of in-hospital mortality. However, in patients with normal renal function before CABG, acute kidney injury develops after the procedure, making postoperative renal function assessme... | Patients having moderate to severe acute kidney injury after CABG surgery had worse 5-year survival compared with patients who had normal or near-normal renal function. | yes |
18,571,787 | Do prospero-related homeobox 1 and liver receptor homolog 1 coordinately regulate long-term proliferation of murine fetal hepatoblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"During early to late-fetal liver development, bipotential hepatoblasts proliferate and differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. The prospero-related homeobox 1 gene (Prox1) is expressed in hepatoblasts, and the inactivation of Prox1 causes defective early liver development, in particula... | These results suggested that Prox1 and Lrh1 coordinately regulate development of hepatic stem/progenitor cells and that Prox1 induces fetal hepatocytic proliferation through the suppression of the promoter activity of p16(ink4a). | yes |
18,549,508 | Does systems analysis of quantitative shRNA-library screens identify regulators of cell adhesion? | {
"contexts": [
"High throughput screens with RNA interference technology enable loss-of-function analyses of gene activities in mammalian cells. While the construction of genome-scale shRNA libraries has been successful, results of large-scale screening of those libraries can be difficult to analyze because of t... | Our results suggest that the power of genome-wide quantitative shRNA screens can be significantly increased when analyzed using a systems biology-based approach to identify functional gene networks. | yes |
18,550,332 | Are flexible regression models useful tools to calculate and assess threshold values in the context of minimum provider volumes? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to review different approaches for the derivation of threshold values and to discuss their strengths and limitations in the context of minimum provider volumes.",
"The following methods for the calculation of threshold values are compared and discussed: The value of acceptable ris... | Each of the proposed methods has benefits and drawbacks. The choice of the most appropriate approach depends on the specific problem and the available data. | yes |
18,548,180 | Do total serum homocysteine levels identify cognitive dysfunction in multimorbid elderly patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Total blood homocysteine (Hcys) and folate levels have been investigated in association with cognitive dysfunction in healthy but not in multimorbid elderly patients. We hypothesized that total serum Hcys is an adequate marker to identify multimorbid elderly patients with cognitive dysfunction as... | Elevated serum Hcys levels with normal plasma folate and vitamin B12 concentrations were observed in multimorbid elderly patients. The plasma Hcys level did not appear to be an important biological risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in multimorbid geriatric patients. | no |
18,549,505 | Do curcumin and resveratrol inhibit nuclear factor-kappaB-mediated cytokine expression in adipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipocytes express inflammatory mediators that contribute to the low-level, chronic inflammation found in obese subjects and have been linked to the onset of cardiovascular disorders and insulin resistance associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A reduction in inflammatory gene expression in ad... | Curcumin and resveratrol are able to inhibit TNFalpha-activated NF-kappaB signaling in adipocytes and as a result significantly reduce cytokine expression. These data suggest that curcumin and resveratrol may provide a novel and safe approach to reduce or inhibit the chronic inflammatory properties of adipose tissue. | yes |
18,543,322 | Is perinucleolar compartment prevalence a phenotypic pancancer marker of malignancy? | {
"contexts": [
"The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear structure localized at the nucleolar periphery. Previous studies using breast cancer as a model system demonstrated that PNC prevalence (the percentage of cells with 1 or more PNC) increased with disease progression and was associated with poor ... | Together, these observations helped to verify that PNC prevalence selectively represents malignancy in a broad spectrum of solid tissue tumors, demonstrating its potential to be developed as a pancancer prognostic marker of malignancy. | yes |
18,561,985 | Are smooth muscle cells , dendritic cells and mast cells sources of TNFalpha and nitric oxide in human carotid artery atherosclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"In atherogenesis, dendritic cells, beside presenting antigens, may be sources of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and nitric oxide (NO), together with mast cells and smooth muscle cells.",
"We have looked at the expression of TNFalpha and inducible NO synthase (iNOs) by these cells by affini... | Dendritic cells and mast cells can participate to the generation of TNFalpha and NO in the normal arterial wall and in atheromata, but myointimal cells are candidates as major sources of these molecules. | yes |
18,547,962 | Does mDM2SNP309 associate with elevated MDM2 protein expression or breast cancer risk? | {
"contexts": [
"SNP309 polymorphism (T-G) at the promoter region of MDM2 has been reported to cause increased binding affinity of transcriptional activator Sp1 followed by increased MDM2 both in mRNA and protein level. This model was proposed in vitro in the small panel of cell lines that indicated an on average... | Our data clearly show neither association between SNP309 and cancer risk, nor the responsibility of G allele for increased MDM2 or decreased of p53 protein levels in human primary breast tumors. | no |
18,563,786 | Is urinary dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment mainly caused by surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Urinary dysfunction (UD) is common after rectal cancer treatment, but the contribution of each treatment component (surgery and radiotherapy) to its development remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate UD during 5 years after total mesorectal excision (TME) and to investigate the influence o... | UD is a significant clinical problem after rectal cancer treatment and is not related to PRT, but rather to surgical nerve damage. | yes |
18,544,567 | Is pPARgamma involved in mesalazine-mediated induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth in colon cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesalazine has been identified as a candidate chemopreventive agent in colon cancer prophylaxis because of its pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects. However, the precise mechanisms of action are not entirely understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the involvement of peroxisome... | This study clearly demonstrates that mesalazine-mediated pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative actions are regulated via PPARgamma-dependent and -independent pathways in colonocytes. | yes |
18,559,283 | Does antidepressant treatment normalize hypoactivity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during emotional interference processing in major depression? | {
"contexts": [
"Major depression (MDD) is characterized by altered emotion processing and deficits in cognitive control. In cognitive interference tasks, patients with MDD have shown excessive amygdala activity and under-recruitment of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The purpose of this study was to exam... | These results suggest that antidepressant treatment increases DLPFC under-activity during cognitive tasks that include emotional interference. | yes |
18,557,828 | Do 5-Azacytidine-treated human mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells derived from umbilical cord , cord blood and bone marrow generate cardiomyocytes in vitro at high frequencies? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors that differentiate into such lineages as bone, fat, cartilage and stromal cells that support haemopoiesis. Bone marrow MSCs can also contribute to cardiac repair, although the mechanism for this is unclear. Here, we examine the ... | Although MSCs may be useful for such clinical applications as bone or cartilage repair, the results presented here indicate that such cells do not generate cardiomyocytes frequently enough for cardiac repair. Their efficacy in heart repair is likely to be due to paracrine mechanisms. | no |
18,552,372 | Do cooling strategies improve intermittent sprint performance in the heat of athletes with tetraplegia? | {
"contexts": [
"Precooling has been shown to enhance performance in repeated sprint exercise in able-bodied subjects in a hot environment. Spinal cord injury causes thermoregulatory impairment with a detrimental effect on performance. This study assessed whether cooling strategies before and during exercise in t... | Athletes with tetraplegia should use a precooling or during-exercise cooling strategy specific to the characteristics of their sport when exercising in hot conditions. | yes |
18,559,611 | Are concerted potent humoral immune responses to autoantigens associated with tumor destruction and favorable clinical outcomes without autoimmunity? | {
"contexts": [
"The therapeutic importance of immune responses against single versus multiple antigens is poorly understood. There also remains insufficient understanding whether responses to one subset of antigens are more significant than another. Autoantibodies are frequent in cancer patients. They can pose n... | This study shows the range of biologically significant antigens resulting from a whole-cell vaccine. Targets include autoantigens that are components of cell cycle regulation. Potent antibody responses against multiple autoantigens are associated with effective tumor destruction without clinical autoimmunity. | yes |
18,559,616 | Do oncogenic and angiogenic growth factors accumulate during routine storage of apheresis platelet concentrates? | {
"contexts": [
"Platelet concentrates are important for support of patients with malignancies requiring myelotoxic chemotherapy. During storage, 10% to 15% of platelets may become activated resulting in the release of alpha-granules, which contain growth factors. We hypothesize that, during storage, growth facto... | Significant amounts of growth factors are present in apheresis platelets due to the isolation procedures, and these concentrations increase over storage, which may be partially removed by washing. In addition, apheresis platelet transfusion could affect cancer treatment by binding monoclonal antibodies directed against... | yes |
18,559,615 | Does intratumoral coadministration of hyaluronidase enzyme and oncolytic adenoviruses enhance virus potency in metastatic tumor models? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluate the codelivery of hyaluronidase enzyme with oncolytic adenoviruses to determine whether it improves the spread of the virus throughout tumors, thereby leading to a greater overall antitumor efficacy in tumor models.",
"The optimal dose of hyaluronidase that provided best transduction... | Antitumor activity and overall survival of mice bearing highly aggressive tumors are significantly improved by codelivery of oncolytic adenoviruses and hyaluronidase when compared with either of the monotherapy-treated groups, and it may prove to be a potent and novel approach to treating patients with cancer. | yes |
18,559,614 | Does tumor vascular maturation and improved drug delivery induced by methylselenocysteine lead to therapeutic synergy with anticancer drugs? | {
"contexts": [
"Our previously reported therapeutic synergy between naturally occurring seleno-amino acid methylselenocysteine (MSC) and anticancer drugs could not be shown in vitro. Studies were carried out to investigate the potential role of MSC-induced tumor vascular maturation and increased drug delivery in... | These results show, for the first time, the antiangiogenic effects of MSC results in tumor growth inhibition, vascular maturation in vivo, and enhanced anticancer drug delivery that are associated with the observed therapeutic synergy in vivo. | yes |
18,572,408 | Does electroporation-mediated transfer of plasmid DNA encoding IL-10 attenuate orthotopic tracheal allograft stenosis in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Electroporation has been shown to increase the efficacy of intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA, resulting in a higher level of foreign gene expression. Using this technique, we examined the effect of viral IL-10 gene transfer on the prevention of tracheal allograft stenosis in an animal model.... | IL-10 gene transfer by intramuscular injection using electroporation attenuated tracheal allograft stenosis associated with mild epithelial injury. | yes |
18,568,463 | Is maternal factor V Leiden mutation associated with HELLP syndrome in Caucasian women? | {
"contexts": [
"There is growing evidence that hypertensive pregnancy complications and other adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with the presence of inherited or acquired thrombophilias. As hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome is one of the most severe forms of pre-eclampsia ... | Our study confirms that women heterozygous for factor V Leiden have an increased risk of developing HELLP syndrome, while the most frequent mutations of the prothrombin and MTHFR gene do not play a major role in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome. | yes |
18,569,274 | Is silica gel as effective as acyclovir cream in patients with recurrent herpes labialis : results of a randomized , open-label trial? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare silica gel with acyclovir cream in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis.",
"In this randomized, open-label, comparator-controlled trial, 74 patients with recurrent herpes labialis applied silica gel or acyclovir cream respectively over a period of 10 days. The treatment start... | Silica gel was as effective in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis as acyclovir and equally well tolerated and tended to take effect more quickly. Therefore, silica gel could prove a useful alternative to topical acyclovir. | yes |
18,544,387 | Does extracorporeal lung membrane provide better lung protection than conventional treatment for severe postpneumonectomy noncardiogenic acute respiratory distress syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"We compared conventional treatment with pumpless extracorporeal lung membrane (Interventional Lung Assist [iLA] Novalung; Novalung GmbH, Hechingen, Germany) support in a pig model of postpneumonectomy severe acute respiratory distress syndrome.",
"Adult pigs underwent a left thoracotomy witho... | The pumpless extracorporeal lung membrane and near-static ventilation achieved a significantly better outcome than conventional treatment in this pig model of severe postpneumonectomy acute respiratory distress syndrome, probably because the injured lungs were not forced to work and this "rest" gave them more time to h... | yes |
18,544,383 | Does low-dose dobutamine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging with myocardial strain analysis predict myocardial recoverability after coronary artery bypass grafting? | {
"contexts": [
"Accurate prediction of recovery of dysfunctional myocardium would optimize risk/benefit analysis among patients with coronary artery disease and decreased ventricular function. Tissue-tagged magnetic resonance imaging permits quantitative assessment of changes in ventricular function and may impr... | Dobutamine-stressed tissue-tagged magnetic resonance imaging with strain analysis is feasible to quantitatively predict myocardial recoverability after coronary artery bypass grafting. Further study is required to determine the optimal strain parameter for predicting myocardial recoverability after surgical revasculari... | yes |
18,571,961 | Does ghrelin treatment suppress neutrophil-dominant inflammation in airways of patients with chronic respiratory infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Persistent neutrophil influx into the airways is a characteristic of chronic respiratory infection and contributes to the deterioration of pulmonary function. Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide with potential anti-inflammatory activities. The present study investigated wheth... | Ghrelin administration suppressed airway inflammation by decreasing neutrophil accumulation in lungs and increased body weight. These findings may contribute to the development of supportive therapies for patients with refractory chronic respiratory infection. | yes |
18,552,467 | Is peak expiratory flow variability adjusted by forced expiratory volume in one second a good index for airway responsiveness in asthmatics? | {
"contexts": [
"The lowest peak expiratory flow (PEF) over a week, expressed as a percentage of the highest PEF (Min%Max PEF) has been reported to be the index that most closely correlates with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthmatics. However, both fluctuation of the airway caliber and airflow limitation ... | Min%Max PEF adjusted by %FEV(1) showed a good correlation with airway responsiveness measured by the inhalation challenge test, and may be useful as a convenient alternative index of AHR in asthmatic patients. | yes |
18,547,454 | Is social factors and television use during meals and snacks associated with higher BMI among pre-school children? | {
"contexts": [
"The present paper examines the relationship between social factors, food consumption during television viewing, and overall television viewing and how these are associated with BMI when the role of familial and social factors are considered in a population-based birth cohort of pre-school childre... | Health professionals should target parents of children at risk of overweight/obesity with focused strategies to help children change the types of foods consumed during television viewing and to reduce the time spent watching television, particularly during meal times, which may change children's dietary intake and eati... | yes |
18,566,580 | Are progenitor cells responsible for formation of human prostate epithelium primary cultures? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyze cell viability and morphology of primary cell cultures from CD133 immunolabeled and sorted cells from epithelium of patients suffering from benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).",
"Cells obtained from 5 patients were divided in two fractions. First fraction (CD133+/CD133-) was cultiva... | CD133 separated human primary epithelial cell cultures displayed differences in morphology, viability and apoptosis occurrence. Immunomagnetic sorting can be recommended in each in vitro experiments with primary cell cultures in order to provide more objective results. | yes |
18,569,989 | Do interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms influence susceptibility to ulcerative colitis in a gender-specific manner? | {
"contexts": [
"Pathological evidence supports a potential role of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine network in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Moreover, associated studies suggest a possible involvement of cytokine-related genes in IBD susceptibility. In this study, we evaluated the ... | A gender effect is observed, with women of AG/AA IL10 genotypes and AC/AT haplotypes having a higher risk of developing UC at a younger age. This finding could be related to the previously documented lower IL10 production associated with the -1082A allele and to the IL10 down-regulating effect of estrogens. | yes |
18,567,576 | Does treatment of AG129 mice with antisense morpholino oligomers increase survival time following challenge with dengue 2 virus? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the antiviral activity of phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PMO) and peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO) in AG129 mice infected with dengue 2 virus (DENV-2).",
"Antisense PMO and PPMO were designed against the 5' terminal region (5'SL) or the 3'-cyclization sequence region (3'CS... | The data indicate that PPMO had considerable antiviral efficacy against DENV-2 in the AG129 mouse model and that PPMO treatment early in the course of an infection was critical to extending the survival times of DENV-2-infected mice in the AG129 model system. | yes |
18,543,402 | Is total thyroidectomy safer with identification of recurrent laryngeal nerve? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) identification on the complications after total thyroidectomy and lobectomy.",
"Total 134 consecutive patients undergoing total thyroidectomy or thyroid lobectomy from January 2003 to November 2004 were investigated retrospectively.... | RLN injury was prevented and permanent complications were decreased by identifying the whole course and branches of the recurrent laryngeal nerve during total thyroidectomy. | yes |
18,565,495 | Is epilepsy in autism associated with intellectual disability and gender : evidence from a meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The association between epilepsy and autism is consistently reported, with a wide range of prevalence rates. This may be attributed to the heterogeneity of the samples with respect to age, comorbidity, sex, and intellectual disability (ID). We aimed to compare the prevalence of epilepsy 1) among ... | The results of this meta-analysis indicate that risk for epilepsy in autism is a function of ID severity and distinguishes autism associated with epilepsy as a subgroup of autism by its male-female ratio. | yes |
18,571,469 | Does the functional connectivity of different EEG bands move towards small-world network organization during sleep? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyze the functional connectivity patterns of the different EEG bands during wakefulness and sleep (different sleep stages and cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) conditions), using concepts derived from Graph Theory.",
"We evaluated spatial patterns of EEG band synchronization between all ... | The results of this study seem to confirm our initial hypothesis that during sleep there exists a clear trend for the functional connectivity of the EEG to move forward to an organization more similar to that of a small-world network, at least for the frequency bands lower than 15Hz. | yes |
18,564,391 | Does leukodepletion of autologous whole blood have no impact on perioperative infection rate and length of hospital stay? | {
"contexts": [
"Several mechanisms have been proposed as possible causes of transfusion-related immunomodulation (TRIM) after allogeneic transfusion. If one of these mechanisms, the release of mediators of immunity and inflammation (\"biologic response modifiers\"[BRMs]) from disintegrating blood cells during st... | This trial provides strong evidence, from clinically relevant outcome data, that leukoreduction of AWB does not improve postoperative patient outcome and that the release of BRMs from disintegrating blood cells during storage cannot explain the immunomodulatory effect of blood transfusion. | yes |
18,564,394 | Do discrete Toll-like receptor agonists have differential effects on alloimmunization to transfused red blood cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Factors influencing alloimmunization to transfused red blood cells (RBCs) are not well understood. Utilizing a murine model, we have recently reported that RBC alloimmunization is enhanced by recipient treatment with viral-like polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)). To determine whether a d... | These data demonstrate that the regulation of RBC alloimmunization by inflammatory stimuli is complex, including enhancement by a viral-like stimulus and suppression by a bacterial-type stimulus. The mechanism(s) are unlikely to involve variation in the costimulatory molecules studied, because only subtle differences o... | yes |
18,570,673 | Is basal DNA repair machinery subject to positive selection in ionizing-radiation-resistant bacteria? | {
"contexts": [
"Ionizing-radiation-resistant bacteria (IRRB) show a surprising capacity for adaptation to ionizing radiation and desiccation. Positive Darwinian selection is expected to play an important role in this trait, but no data are currently available regarding the role of positive adaptive selection in ... | Our results provide the first in silico prediction of positively selected genes with potential roles in the molecular basis of resistance to gamma-radiation and tolerance of desiccation in IRRB. Identification of these genes provides a basis for future experimental work aimed at understanding the metabolic networks in ... | yes |
18,570,679 | Do a compare between myocardial topical negative pressure levels of -25 mmHg and -50 mmHg in a porcine model? | {
"contexts": [
"Topical negative pressure (TNP), widely used in wound therapy, is known to stimulate wound edge blood flow, granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and revascularization. We have previously shown that application of a TNP of -50 mmHg to the myocardium significantly increases microvascular blo... | Topical negative pressure of -25 mmHg and -50 mmHg both induced a significant increase in microvascular blood flow in normal and in ischemic myocardium. The increase in microvascular blood flow was larger when using -25 mmHg on normal myocardium, and was larger when using -50 mmHg on ischemic myocardium; however these ... | yes |
18,552,882 | Do cannabinoids reduce granuloma-associated angiogenesis in rats by controlling transcription and expression of mast cell protease-5? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as granulomas, are associated with angiogenesis. Mast cells represent the main cell type orchestrating angiogenesis, through the release of their granule content. Therefore, compounds able to modulate mast cell behaviour may be considered as a new pharmacolog... | Modulation of mast cell function by cannabinoids reduced granuloma formation and associated angiogenesis. Therefore cannabinoid-related drugs may be useful in the management of granulomatous diseases accompanied by angiogenesis. | yes |
18,546,084 | Does [ Parental smoking and passive smoke exposure in childhood promote the COPD exacerbation rate ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Smoking parents are the main source of passive smoke exposure in childhood. Only few studies have assessed the effect of maternal or paternal cigarette smoke exposure in childhood on the development and severity of COPD.",
"We recruited n = 251 COPD-patients, n = 113 were clinically stable (n... | Maternal cigarette smoke exposure in childhood aggravates the COPD disease and predisposes the patient for a higher disease severity. | yes |
18,545,119 | Is femoral nerve blockade administered preclinically for pain relief in severe knee trauma more feasible and effective than intravenous metamizole : a randomized controlled trial? | {
"contexts": [
"Before clinical treatment and during transportation, the analgesic therapy offered to patients with painful knee trauma may be quite insufficient. We hypothesize that a femoral nerve blockade for analgesia can be administered in a preclinical setting at the injury site and provides better pain re... | Patients with painful knee trauma benefited from femoral nerve blockade administered before hospitalization. The treatment can be administered safely in the preclinical setting and provides effective analgesia. | yes |
18,571,704 | Is survival of ovarian cancer patients overexpressing the tumour antigen p53 diminished in case of MHC class I down-regulation? | {
"contexts": [
"The adaptive immune system seems to play an essential role in the natural course of ovarian cancer. Aim of this study was to establish whether disease-specific survival for patients expressing the tumour antigen p53 is influenced by MHC class I expression or the presence of p53 autoantibodies (p5... | As the prognosis of patients with p53-overexpressing ovarian cancer is affected by the MHC class I status of tumour cells and ovarian cancer patients can generate immune responses to the p53 tumour antigen, the further development of immunotherapy should evaluate strategies to improve MHC class I expression by tumour c... | yes |
18,571,700 | Is pSA velocity associated with gleason score in radical prostatectomy specimen : marker for prostate cancer aggressiveness? | {
"contexts": [
"Conflicting evidence has been reported on the association of prostate-specific antigen velocity (PSAV) with Gleason score in prostate needle biopsy specimens. The Gleason score is an important prognostic indicator for men with prostate cancer, and, in modern practice, it frequently affects treatm... | Our results have further validated PSAV as a marker for prostate cancer aggressiveness. The preoperative PSAV was a significant independent predictor of the Gleason score and non-organ-confined disease in the radical prostatectomy specimen. Thus, PSAV could be useful in treatment decision-making and in assessing the li... | yes |
18,571,708 | Does perinatal environmental tobacco smoke exposure alter the immune response and airway innervation in infant primates? | {
"contexts": [
"Epidemiologic studies associate environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure with childhood asthma.",
"To investigate whether specific pathophysiological alterations that contribute to asthma development in human beings can be induced in infant monkeys after perinatal ETS exposure.",
"Rhesu... | Perinatal ETS exposure can induce a T(H)2-biased inflammatory response and alter airway innervation in infant monkeys. | yes |
18,544,161 | Does genetic evidence from Indian red jungle fowl corroborate multiple domestication of modern day chicken? | {
"contexts": [
"Domestication of chicken is believed to have occurred in Southeast Asia, especially in Indus valley. However, non-inclusion of Indian red jungle fowl (RJF), Gallus gallus murghi in previous studies has left a big gap in understanding the relationship of this major group of birds. In the present s... | Our results suggest that the domestication of chicken has occurred independently in different locations of Asia including India. We found evidence for domestication of Indian birds from G. g. spadiceus and G. g. gallus as well as from G. g. murghi, corroborating multiple domestication of Indian and other domestic chick... | yes |
18,572,393 | Does low dietary folate impair glucose tolerance and plasma lipid profile in oral contraceptive-treated rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptive (OC) use is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism, impaired glucose tolerance and high prevalence of vascular complications. OC use has been shown to alter the requirements for folic acid. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the influ... | These results demonstrate impaired glucose tolerance and disturbed plasma lipid profile induced by OC treatment in folic acid deficient rats and suggest that inadequate folic acid intake might contribute to increased cardiovascular risk during OC use that could be prevented by proper oral folic acid intake. | yes |
18,565,335 | Does transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 have a major role in visceral hypersensitivity symptoms? | {
"contexts": [
"The transient receptor potential vanilloid-4 (TRPV4) is an osmosensitive channel that responds to mechanical stimulation. We hypothesized that TRPV4 could be important in visceral nociception and in the development of hypersensitivity.",
"TRPV4 expression was investigated by immunohistochemis... | 4alphaPDD selectively activates TRPV4 in sensory neurons projecting from the colon, and TRPV4 activation causes visceral hypersensitivity. TRPV4 activation is implicated in the nociceptive response to CRD in basal conditions and in PAR(2) agonist-induced hypersensitivity. These results suggest a pivotal role for TRPV4 ... | yes |
18,565,339 | Does glycine attenuate endotoxin-induced liver injury by downregulating TLR4 signaling in Kupffer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Several experimental studies have observed better outcomes after glycine treatment in patients with endotoxin-induced liver injuries, but its molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that glycine attenuates endotoxin-induced liver i... | Dietary glycine improved survival rates and liver function in endotoxemic mice by regulating the production of proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines in liver. It attenuated liver injury by deactivating KCs through inhibiting TNF-alpha secretion and increasing IL-10 production. The downregulative effect of glyc... | yes |
18,568,443 | Does atomoxetine reverse attentional deficits produced by noradrenergic deafferentation of medial prefrontal cortex? | {
"contexts": [
"The majority of studies assessing executive function in attention deficit disorder (ADD) have shown deficits in attentional set shifting using either the Wisconsin card sorting task or the intra-dimensional/extra-dimensional set-shifting task (ID/ED). Damage to the prefrontal cortex in humans, pr... | Though atomoxetine is neurochemically selective, it is not wholly specific at doses >0.3 mg/kg. All doses of the drug were similar in their efficacy in reversing the ED deficit, but the effectiveness of the 0.1 mg/kg dose supports the hypothesis that increases in prefrontal NE alone are sufficient to improve attention ... | yes |
18,547,825 | Does long-term NSAID treatment directly decrease COX-2 and mPGES-1 production in the articular cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To simultaneously study the effect of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor and that of a classic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) on the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in the cartilage of patients with severe knee osteoarthritis (OA) and in cultured human OA chondrocyt... | Both NSAID diminished PGE2 release and induced a decrease in COX-2 and mPGES-1 synthesis in the cartilage from OA patients and in OA chondrocytes. These data suggest that prolonged therapy with PGE2 blocking agents decreases PGE2 production not only by direct inhibition of COX-2 activity, but also by down-regulating CO... | yes |
18,570,117 | Are preeclampsia and small-for-gestational age associated with decreased concentrations of a factor involved in angiogenesis : soluble Tie-2? | {
"contexts": [
"An anti-angiogenic state has been described in patients with preeclampsia, small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetuses and fetal death, and changes in the concentration of circulating angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors can precede the clinical recognition of preeclampsia and SGA by several weeks.... | Patients with preeclampsia and those with SGA fetuses have lower median plasma concentrations of soluble Tie-2 than women with normal pregnancies. | yes |
18,556,587 | Does a brief prehospital stroke severity scale identify ischemic stroke patients harboring persisting large arterial occlusions? | {
"contexts": [
"The Los Angeles Motor Scale (LAMS) is a brief 3-item stroke severity assessment measure designed for prehospital and Emergency Department use.",
"The LAMS and NIHSS were scored in under-12-hour acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients. Stroke severity ratings were correlated with c... | Stroke severity assessed by the LAMS predicts presence of large artery anterior circulation occlusion with high sensitivity and specificity. The LAMS is a promising instrument for use by prehospital personnel to identify select stroke patients for direct transport to Comprehensive Stroke Centers capable of endovascular... | yes |
18,556,585 | Does geometry of the carotid bifurcation predict its exposure to disturbed flow? | {
"contexts": [
"That certain vessels might be at so-called geometric risk of atherosclerosis rests on assumptions of wide interindividual variations in disturbed flow and of a direct relationship between disturbed flow and lumen geometry. In testing these often-implicit assumptions, the present study aimed to de... | Certain geometric features of the young adult carotid bifurcation are robust surrogate markers of its exposure to disturbed flow. It may therefore be reasonable to consider large-scale retrospective or prospective imaging studies of local risk factors for atherosclerosis without the need for time-consuming and expensiv... | yes |
18,556,588 | Does early disruption of the blood-brain barrier after thrombolytic therapy predict hemorrhage in patients with acute stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"Leaks of the blood-brain barrier can be detected on postcontrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRIs. Although early disruptions of the blood-brain barrier appear to be an important risk factor for tissue plasminogen activator-related hemorrhages in rodents, little is known about their incidence and conseq... | Early parenchymal enhancement after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator is significantly associated with subsequent SICH and could therefore become a useful imaging sign for the rapid initiation of preventive strategies in the future. | yes |
18,547,634 | Do tacrolimus and TGF-beta act synergistically on the generation of Langerhans cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The proportion of dendritic cell subpopulations in the skin is important for the severity of atopic dermatitis because topical treatment with tacrolimus leads to rapid depletion of inflammatory dendritic epidermal cells, whereas Langerhans cells (LCs) predominate in cured sites.",
"The effect... | The synergism between TGF-beta1 and tacrolimus leads to the generation of LCs, reduced expression of costimulatory and MHC II molecules, and reduced stimulatory activity. Shifting the balance of the dendritic cell population to LCs might be of major importance for the therapeutic effect of tacrolimus. | yes |
18,565,953 | Do wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children? | {
"contexts": [
"Virus-induced wheezing episodes in infancy often precede the development of asthma. Whether infections with specific viral pathogens confer differential future asthma risk is incompletely understood.",
"To define the relationship between specific viral illnesses and early childhood asthma dev... | Among outpatient viral wheezing illnesses in infancy and early childhood, those caused by RV infections are the most significant predictors of the subsequent development of asthma at age 6 years in a high-risk birth cohort. | yes |
18,565,182 | Are tumour malignancy loss and cell differentiation associated with induction of gef gene in human melanoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Gene therapy is a new method used to induce cancer cell differentiation. Our group previously showed that transfection of the gef gene from Escherichia coli, related to cell-killing functions, may be a novel candidate for cancer gene therapy. Its expression leads to cell cycle arrest unrelated to... | These findings support the hypothesis that the gef gene offers a new approach to differentiation therapy in melanoma. | yes |
18,566,298 | Does extended-release niacin alter the metabolism of plasma apolipoprotein ( Apo ) A-I and ApoB-containing lipoproteins? | {
"contexts": [
"Extended-release niacin effectively lowers plasma TG levels and raises plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, but the mechanisms responsible for these effects are unclear.",
"We examined the effects of extended-release niacin (2 g/d) and extended-release niacin (2 g/d) plus... | Niacin treatment was associated with significant increases in HDL apoA-I concentrations and production, as well as enhanced clearance of TRL apoB-100 and apoB-48. | yes |
18,566,295 | Do atorvastatin and fenofibrate have comparable effects on VLDL-apolipoprotein C-III kinetics in men with the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by insulin resistance and dyslipidemia that may accelerate atherosclerosis. Disturbed apolipoprotein (apo) C-III metabolism may account for dyslipidemia in these subjects. Atorvastatin and fenofibrate decrease plasma apoC-III, but the underlying mech... | Both atorvastatin and fenofibrate have dual regulatory effects on VLDL-apoC-III kinetics in MetS; reduced production and increased fractional catabolism of VLDL-apoC-III may explain the triglyceride-lowering effect of these agents. | yes |
18,566,296 | Is adipose macrophage infiltration associated with insulin resistance and vascular endothelial dysfunction in obese subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Experimental studies suggest that adipose inflammation is etiologically linked to obesity-induced systemic disease. Our goal was to characterize the state of inflammation in human fat in relation to vascular function and metabolic parameters in obese individuals.",
"We collected subcutaneous ... | In a cohort of obese subjects, we demonstrate that proinflammatory changes in adipose tissue are associated with systemic arterial dysfunction and insulin resistance. These findings suggest that adipose inflammation may be linked to vascular injury and increased cardiovascular risk in obese subjects. | yes |
18,554,967 | Does pentoxifylline attenuate nociceptive sensitization and cytokine expression in a tibia fracture rat model of complex regional pain syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Tibia fracture in rats evokes chronic hindpaw warmth, edema, allodynia, and regional osteopenia, a syndrome resembling complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Previous studies suggest that the pathogenesis of some of these changes involves an exaggerated regional inflammatory response to injury an... | These results suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the nociceptive and vascular sequelae of fracture and that PTX treatment can reverse these CRPS-like changes. | yes |
18,565,021 | Is liver fat reproducibly measured using computed tomography in the Framingham Heart Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Fatty liver is the hepatic manifestation of obesity, but community-based assessment of fatty liver among unselected patients is limited. We sought to determine the feasibility of and optimal protocol for quantifying fat content in the liver in the Framingham Heart Study using multidetector comput... | One cross-sectional slice is adequate to capture the majority of variance of fat content in the liver per individual. Abdominal scan measures as compared to chest scan measures of fat content in the liver are more precise. The measurement of fat content in the liver on MDCT scans is feasible and reproducible. | yes |
18,550,031 | Are regional gray matter changes associated with cognitive deficits in remitted geriatric depression : an optimized voxel-based morphometry study? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to investigate structural abnormalities in first-episode remitted geriatric depression (RGD) with optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in closely matched patients and healthy control subjects and examine the relationship of performances on neuropsychological tests with regional gray m... | These results reveal that RGD is associated with gray matter changes of certain brain regions hypothesized to influence cognition and might thus be involved in the psychopathology and pathophysiology of cognitive impairment in RGD. | yes |
18,543,164 | Are [ Specific riding styles associated with specific effects on bodily posture control ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The assessment of body posture control can be time consuming and cumbersome due to the complexity and the multimodal influence of a multiply influenced system. Various types of equine paces, such as stepping, trotting or galloping, result in acceleration and deceleration forces of different magni... | Balance control was most effective in dressage and vaulting riders and least effective in the show jumping competitors. Thus, except for dressage and vaulting, our results do not suggest a positive effect of traditional riding styles on postural stability and control. | yes |
18,552,690 | Does metallothionein alleviate glutathione depletion-induced oxidative cardiomyopathy in murine hearts? | {
"contexts": [
"Antioxidant therapy has shown some promise in critical care medicine in which glutathione depletion and heart failure are often seen in critically ill patients. This study was designed to examine the impact of glutathione depletion and the free radical scavenger, metallothionein (MT), on cardiac ... | Our findings suggest a pathologic role of glutathione depletion in cardiac dysfunction and the therapeutic potential of antioxidants. | yes |
18,563,777 | Is protoporphyrin IX fluorescence photobleaching a useful tool to predict the response of rat ovarian cancer following hexaminolevulinate photodynamic therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Accurate dosimetry was shown to be critical to achieve effective photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study aimed to assess the reliability of in vivo protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) fluorescence photobleaching as a predictive tool of the hexaminolevulinate PDT (HAL-PDT) response in a rat model of advanced ... | In vivo PpIX fluorescence photobleaching is useful to predict the tissue response to HAL-PDT. | yes |
18,544,576 | Is a variant of the IGF-I gene associated with blood pressure but not with left heart dimensions at the age of 2 years : the Generation R Study? | {
"contexts": [
"A common variant of the IGF-I gene has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. The objective of this study was to examine whether this variant of the IGF-I gene is associated with blood pressure and left heart dimensions in early childhood.",
"This study was embe... | The variant type of the IGF-I promoter region is associated with lower blood pressure but not with left heart dimensions at the age of 2 years. Follow-up studies are needed to examine whether these differences persist in later life. | yes |
18,559,600 | Are heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein k and thymidine phosphorylase independent prognostic and therapeutic markers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) regulates thymidine phosphorylase (TP) mRNA stability. The aim of the present study was to analyze hnRNP K and TP expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and to evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic potential of these two markers.",
"We analy... | Cytoplasmic hnRNP K and high TP are associated with shorter OS and distant metastasis-free survival in NPC patients. In vitro experiments suggest that NPC tumors with high TP expression may be sensitive to 5'-DFUR treatment. Cytoplasmic hnRNP K and high TP may be potential prognostic and therapeutic markers for NPC, bu... | yes |
18,559,601 | Is the relative distribution of membranous and cytoplasmic met a prognostic indicator in stage I and II colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The association hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met) tyrosine kinase with prognosis and survival in colon cancer is unclear, due in part to the limitation of detection methods used. In particular, conventional chromagenic immunohistochemistry (IHC) has several limitations including the inabili... | These data indicate that the relative subcellular distribution of Met, as measured by novel automated image analysis, may be a valuable biomarker for estimating colon cancer prognosis. | yes |
18,562,081 | Does overexpression of the PSMB5 gene contribute to bortezomib resistance in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia cells derived from Jurkat line? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the mechanism of bortezomib resistance in JurkatB lines derived from T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia Jurkat line.",
"Cytotoxicities of popular chemotherapeutic drugs to JurkatB cells were analyzed by trypan blue assay. Functional drug efflux in JurkatB cells was determined by flow ... | The mechanism of bortezomib resistance is different from that of multidrug resistance. Overexpression of PSMB5 is an important mechanism for bortezomib resistance in JurkatB lines. NF-kappaB may play a critical role in evading the apoptotic effects. | yes |
18,568,412 | Does magnesium supplementation help to improve carotid intima media thickness in patients on hemodialysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The atherosclerotic process progresses more dynamically in hemodialysis (HD) patients than in the general population. In HD patients, lower magnesium levels were reported to be associated with increased atherosclerosis of the common carotid artery. We tested the hypotheses that magnesium suppleme... | Based on the present data, magnesium may play an important protective role in the progression of atherosclerosis in patients on dialysis. Further studies are needed to assess more accurately the role of magnesium in atherosclerotic regression in dialysis patients. | yes |
18,571,979 | Does event-related-potential low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography ( ERP-LORETA ) suggest decreased energetic resources for cognitive processing in narcolepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Event-related potentials (ERPs) are sensitive measures of both perceptual and cognitive processes. The aim of the present study was to identify brain regions involved in the processes of cognitive dysfunction in narcolepsy by means of ERP tomography.",
"In 17 drug-free patients with narcoleps... | Narcoleptic patients showed prolonged information processing, as indexed by N2 and P300 latencies and decreased energetic resources for cognitive processing. | yes |
18,571,528 | Is interleukin-6 polymorphism associated with chorioamnionitis and neonatal infections in preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate whether genotypes of interleukin (IL)-6 gene promoter positions -174 and -572 are associated with histologic chorioamnionitis and neonatal inflammatory disease in preterm infants.",
"DNA from very low birth weight or very preterm infants (n = 107) was genotyped for IL-6-174 and -5... | The IL-6-174 GG and -572 GC genotypes were associated with a higher incidence of histologic chorioamnionitis, and the IL-6-174 CC genotype was associated with septicemia in preterm infants. These findings suggest that the genetic composition of the IL-6 promoter area plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of chor... | yes |
18,547,786 | Is intake of water from foods , but not water from beverages , related to lower body mass index and waist circumference in free-living humans [ corrected ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Experimental trials using test meals suggest that water promotes satiety and decreases subsequent intake, thus possibly working to prevent obesity, when it is consumed as an integral component of a food, but not when consumed alone or alongside a food. We examined the associations of intake of wa... | Intake of water from foods, but not water from beverages, was independently associated with lower BMI and waist circumference in free-living humans consuming self-selected diets. | yes |
18,564,175 | Does treatment of Zucker diabetic fatty rats with AVE7688 improve vascular and neural dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Vasopeptidase inhibitors are drugs that inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme and neutral endopeptidase (NEP). The latter is a protease that degrades vasoactive peptides and is increased in diabetes. We have previously shown that treating streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, an animal model of t... | AVE7688 is an effective treatment for microvascular and neural disease in ZDF rats. Thus, vasopeptidase inhibitors may be an effective treatment for diabetic microvascular and neural complication in type 2 diabetes. | yes |
18,559,236 | Does [ Artesunate induce prostate cancer cell line PC-3 differentiation and cell cycle arrest ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of artesunate (ART) on cell differentiation and cell cycle distribution of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vitro.",
"PC-3 cells were cultivated with ART from logarithmic growth phase. After 48-hour treatment, the cell cycles were detected by flow cytometry (FCM), a... | ART can induce PC-3 cell cycle arrest and differentiation in vitro. | yes |
18,552,513 | Is increased S100beta associated with reduced cognitive function in healthy older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular pathology is associated with reduced performance on neuropsychological tests, particularly in older adults. A likely explanation involves a disruption in the blood brain barrier (BBB). Work from clinical samples show alterations in BBB function is associated with cognitive dysfunction on... | Findings indicate that increased S100beta levels are associated with poorer cognitive function in neurologically healthy older adults, implicating BBB function in age-related cognitive decline. Further work is needed to clarify possible mechanisms, particularly longitudinal studies that involve neuroimaging. | yes |
18,559,375 | Are gains of chromosome region 3q26 in intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva frequent and independent of HPV status? | {
"contexts": [
"Two different forms of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) are recognised: (1) usual-type (bowenoid) VIN, which is related to high-risk papillomavirus infection, and (2) differentiated (simplex) VIN, which is associated with chronic inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the pr... | Immunohistochemical evaluation of p16 and p53 expression aids in the differential diagnosis of squamous cell alterations of the vulva. However, detection of 3q26 imbalance is of additional diagnostic value in difficult cases of HPV-unrelated usual-type VINs and VINs of the differentiated type. | yes |
18,551,141 | Is ocular involvement associated with HLA-B51 in Adamantiades-Behçet 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the association of HLA-B51 and ocular involvement in Adamantiades-Behçet's disease.",
"We retrospectively analysed all patients with Adamantiades-Behçet's disease examined in our Department of Ophthalmology since 1982. All patients fulfilled the criteria of the International Study... | More than the half of the patients with Adamantiades-Behçet's disease evaluated in our department developed ocular involvement. There was a statistically significantly higher frequency of HLA-B51 in these patients. | yes |
18,551,147 | Is closing the audit loop necessary to achieve compliance with evidence-based guidelines in the management of acute pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the implementation of evidence-based guidelines and subsequent feedback to surgeons in the management of acute pancreatitis.",
"An evidence-based Pancreatitis Proforma was developed. Data were prospectively recorded (01/06/2005-30/09/2007). Au... | For evidence-based guidelines to be effective, feedback to surgeons is necessary. | yes |
18,570,726 | Does [ Curcumin promote apoptosis of esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines through inhibition of NF-kappaB signaling pathway ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of NF-kappaB signaling pathway plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. However, the role of NF-kappaB pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been fully elucidated. Studies have shown that curcumin possesses anti-infection and ant... | Curcumin inhibits the phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha, leading to suppression of proliferation, induction of apoptosis and an increase of the sensitivity of ESCC cell lines towards 5-FU. | yes |
18,569,912 | Is the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in Chinese hemodialysis patients higher than that in peritoneal dialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is common in dialysis patients, and an independent predictor of mortality. While recent studies have shown no differences in mortality between the two most common dialysis modalities, hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), their impact on LVH is controv... | In a cross-sectional analysis of prevalent Chinese patients, we found a higher LVMI and a higher prevalence of LVH in HD than in PD patients. As LVMI was associated with high blood pressure and volume overload, we suggest that in these patients, PD may preserve more physiological hemodynamics even during long-term ther... | yes |
18,572,370 | Is brachial artery ligation with total graft excision a safe and effective approach to prosthetic arteriovenous graft infections? | {
"contexts": [
"While autogenous arteriovenous access is preferred, prosthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVG) are still required in a large number of patients. Infection of AVGs occurs frequently and may cause life-threatening bleeding or sepsis. Multiple treatment strategies have been advocated (ranging from graft ... | BAL is an effective and expeditious method to deal with an infected arm AVG in frequently critically ill patients with densely scarred wounds. In the short term, BAL appears to be well tolerated without resulting ischemic complications. Further study with longer duration of follow-up is necessary to ascertain whether B... | yes |
18,550,579 | Do polymorphisms in VEGF and IL-8 predict tumor recurrence in stage III colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Identifying molecular markers for tumor recurrence is critical in successfully selecting patients with stage III colon cancer who are more likely to benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. The present study analyzed a subset of 10 polymorphisms within eight genes involved in the tumor angiogenesis pa... | High expression variants of VEGF C+936T and IL-8 T-251A were associated with shorter time to tumor recurrence, indicating that the analysis of angiogenesis-related gene polymorphisms may help to identify patient subgroups at high risk for tumor recurrence. | yes |
18,565,399 | Does late gadolinium enhancement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance herald an adverse prognosis in nonischemic cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined whether the presence and extent of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) predict adverse outcomes in nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients.",
"Morbidity and mortality is high in NICM patients. However, the clinical course of an individua... | A CMR LGE in NICM patients strongly predicts adverse cardiac outcomes. The CMR LGE may represent the end-organ consequences of sustained adrenergic activation and adverse LV remodeling, and its identification may significantly improve risk stratification strategies in this high risk population. (Imaging Techniques for ... | yes |
18,558,475 | Does initial fetal cardiovascular profile score predict recipient twin outcome in twin-twin transfusion syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between cardiomyopathy and recipient twin (RT) outcome in twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).",
"Fetal echocardiography and outcomes data in 62 consecutive pregnancies with TTTS were reviewed. The primary outcome was neonatal RT survival... | A normal CVPS in the RT in TTTS is predictive of improved survival compared with an abnormal CVPS, even in RTs with minor deductions. Standard clinical staging did not predict outcome. Cardiac assessment by CVPS may improve clinical decision making and the timing of fetal interventions. | yes |
18,571,695 | Is interferon-gamma increased in patients with primary Sjogren 's syndrome and Raynaud 's phenomenon? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) and to identify clinical and immunological characteristics associated with this manifestation. Since increased interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) has been associated with RP, we also compared the ... | These results suggest a pathogenic role of INF-gamma in pSS patients with RP. Whether the RP is immune-mediated or whether INF-gamma directly causes vasospasm still remains to be elucidated. | yes |
18,571,697 | Does thrombin regulate vascular smooth muscle cell proteoglycan synthesis via PAR-1 and multiple downstream signalling pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Atherosclerosis is the underlying pathological process of most cardiovascular disease. Thrombin is a serine protease which can activate protease activated receptors (PAR) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to elicit cellular responses that can contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis... | Thrombin caused a dose-dependent increase in [(35)S]sulfate and [(3)H]glucosamine incorporation with maximum effects of approximately 150% at the highest doses tested. This increase was associated with increased size of biglycan and decorin assessed by SDS-PAGE. Chemically cleaved glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains analyze... | yes |
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