pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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26,545,907 | Is oxidative stress associated with weight gain in recipients at 12-months following kidney transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Weight gain after kidney transplantation (Tx) is considered a risk factor for poor outcomes. Increased oxidative stress is associated with not only chronic renal disease and Tx, but also obesity and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this pilot study was to test whether oxidative stress is relate... | These results may indicate that elevated oxidative stress (TBARS) is associated with weight gain after kidney Tx and that incorporating early clinical prevention strategies known to decrease oxidative stress could be recommended. | yes |
26,536,505 | Do medicare Benefits Schedule data to monitor influenza immunisation in Australian adults? | {
"contexts": [
"In Australia, adult immunisation coverage is primarily monitored via periodic telephone surveys that rely on self-reported immunisation status. All Australian residents are eligible for Medicare, so we examined the feasibility of using immunisation-specific Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) item n... | MBS immunisation item data are readily available and may be useful to monitor trends in adult influenza immunisation, but they are likely to substantially underestimate coverage. Other approaches, such as capture of general practitioner-delivered influenza vaccine doses or a whole-of-life immunisation register, are nee... | yes |
26,552,746 | Do microenvironmental effects limit efficacy of thymoquinone treatment in a mouse model of ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with limited treatment options for chemoresistant disease. An important link between inflammation and peritoneal spread of ovarian cancer is NF-κB signaling. Thymoquinone (TQ) exerts multiple anti-tumorigenic cellular effects, including NF... | Our findings show that pro-tumorigenic microenvironmental effects limited the efficacy of TQ in a syngeneic mouse model of ovarian cancer, and provide caution regarding its potential use in clinical trials in ovarian cancer patients. | yes |
26,526,520 | Does tadalafil attenuate graft arteriosclerosis of aortic transplant in a rat model? | {
"contexts": [
"Tadalafil can restore endothelial function and treat atherosclerosis. However, the effect of tadalafil on transplant arteriosclerosis remains unclear. In this study, we explore the effects of tadalafil on allograft vasculopathy.",
"Male Brow-Norway rats supplied aorta grafts for Male Lewis ra... | These results showed that tadalafil can attenuate graft arteriosclerosis by cGMP -PKG-I pathway. | yes |
26,542,375 | Is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy a safe and effective treatment for pancreatic stones coexisting with pancreatic pseudocysts? | {
"contexts": [
"We aimed to investigate outcomes of pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (P-ESWL) for the removal of large pancreatic stones coexisting with pancreatic pseudocysts (PPCs) in chronic pancreatitis (CP).",
"This is a prospective study performed in CP patients with at least 1 stone (≥... | In our multispecialty tertiary center, initial P-ESWL followed by ERCP was safe in patients with coexisting pancreatic stones and PPCs and effective for stone clearance, main pancreatic duct drainage, and pain relief. | yes |
26,527,101 | Do geographical miss is associated with vulnerable plaque and increased major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the incidence, characteristics, and outcomes associated with geographical miss (GM) of plaque.",
"GM describes plaques that are incompletely covered following stenting, with GM thought to be associated with worse clinical outcomes. However, the incidence and characteristics of in... | GM is common after PCI and associated with more vulnerable plaque composition/subtype. GM may confer a worse prognosis in patients undergoing PCI for MI. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. | yes |
26,527,105 | Are cortical Lewy bodies and Aβ burden associated with prevalence and timing of dementia in Lewy body diseases? | {
"contexts": [
"Our main objective was to determine the neuropathological correlates of dementia in patients with Lewy body disease (LBD). Furthermore, we used data derived from clinical, neuropathological and genetic studies to investigate boundary issues between Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's ... | High CLB burden is a key neuropathological substrate of dementia in LBD. Elevated cortical LB pathology and Aβ plaque deposition are both correlated with a faster progression to dementia. The higher CLB load in the temporal and parietal regions, which seems to be a distinguishing feature of DLB, may account for the sho... | yes |
26,545,587 | Does transcriptome-wide analysis support environmental adaptations of two Pinus pinaster populations from contrasting habitats? | {
"contexts": [
"Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) grows in a range of different climates in the southwestern Mediterranean region and the existence of a variety of latitudinal ecotypes or provenances is well established. In this study, we have conducted a deep analysis of the transcriptome in needles from two... | Both transcriptome platforms have proven to be useful resources, showing complementary and reliable results. The results presented here highlight the different abilities of the two maritime pine populations to sense environmental conditions and reveal one type of regulation that can be ascribed to different genetic and... | yes |
26,535,245 | Does three-Dimensional Gait Analysis Following Achilles Tendon Rupture With Nonsurgical Treatment reveal Long-Term Deficiencies in Muscle Strength and Function? | {
"contexts": [
"Precise long-term assessment of movement and physical function following Achilles tendon rupture is required for the development and evaluation of treatment, including different regimens of physical therapy.",
"To assess intermediate-term (<10 years by conventional thinking) objective measure... | Nonsurgically treated patients with Achilles tendon rupture showed signs of both anatomic and functional lengthening of the tendon. Attenuated muscle strength and function were present during walking as long as 2 to 5 years after rupture, as determined by 3-dimensional gait analysis. More extensive future studies invol... | yes |
18,565,950 | Does prenatal cigarette smoke exposure attenuate recovery from hypoxemic challenge in preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The effects of prenatal cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and hypoxemia on cardiorespiratory control have been investigated in full-term infants. However, few data are available in preterm infants, who form a particularly vulnerable population, with developmentally immature cardiorespiratory control.... | We provide evidence of how prenatal CS exposure and hypoxemic episodes affect the duration and recovery of breathing pauses in preterm infants. These observations could help explain why these infants are at a particularly high risk for sudden infant death syndrome. | yes |
18,554,633 | Is transcription of G-protein coupled receptors in corporeal smooth muscle regulated by the endogenous neutral endopeptidase inhibitor sialorphin? | {
"contexts": [
"Several reports suggest that the rat Vcsa1 gene is down-regulated in models of erectile dysfunction. The Vcsa protein product sialorphin is an endogenous neutral endopeptidase inhibitor and its down-regulation could result in prolonged activation of G-protein activated signaling pathways by their... | These experiments suggest that the mechanism by which Vcsa1 modulates erectile function is partly mediated through changes in GPCR expression. | yes |
18,558,598 | Are age , tumor size , and in-office ultrasonography predictive parameters of malignancy in follicular neoplasms of the thyroid? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify clinical predictors of malignancy in patients with intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of follicular neoplasm of the thyroid.",
"We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 71 patients with intraoperative frozen-section diagnosis of follicular neoplasm who underwent ... | Age and tumor size are predictive parameters of malignancy in follicular neoplasm of the thyroid. Suspicious ultrasonography findings also have an important predictive role. Total thyroidectomy is reasonable in patients with follicular neoplasm on frozen section if they are young (<45 years old), with large (>4 cm) tum... | yes |
18,568,889 | Does dexamethasone increase pigment epithelium-derived factor in perfused human eyes? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) on pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) cDNA and secreted protein in human trabecular meshwork (TM).",
"Anterior segment organ cultures were perfused with 0.1 microM DEX (OD) and vehicle (OS). Primary human TM cells (HTM) were treated with... | DEX action in the human TM might include a PEDF-mediating pathway. | yes |
18,547,436 | Are plasma PCSK9 levels significantly modified by statins and fibrates in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin-like 9 (PCSK9) is a secreted glycoprotein that is transcriptionally regulated by cholesterol status. It modulates levels of circulating low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) by negatively regulating low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) levels. PCSK9 ... | These results suggest that in vivo (1) statins directly increase PCSK9 expression while (2) fibrates affect PCSK9 expression indirectly through its modulation of cholesterol levels and (3) that these therapies could be improved by combination with a PCSK9 inhibitor, constituting a novel hypercholesterolemic therapy, si... | yes |
18,565,278 | Does recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated human kallikrein gene therapy prevent high-salt diet-induced hypertension without effect on basal blood pressure? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of the expression of human kallikrein (HK) on basal level blood pressure and high-salt diet-induced hypertension.",
"We delivered the recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV)-mediated HK (rAAV- HK) gene and rAAV-LacZ (as the control) to normal, adult Sprague-Dawley... | Our study indicates that rAAV-mediated human tissue kallikrein gene delivery is a potentially safe method for the long-term treatment of hypertension. More importantly, it could be applied in the salt-sensitive population to prevent the occurrence of hypertension. | yes |
18,565,279 | Does angiopoietin-1 protect mesenchymal stem cells against serum deprivation and hypoxia-induced apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"The angiopoietin-1 (Ang1)/Tie-2 signaling system not only plays a pivotal role in vessel growth, remodeling, and maturation, but also reduces apoptosis of endothelial cells, neurons, and cardiomyocytes. However, relatively little is known as to whether Ang1 has a protective effect on mesenchymal ... | These results demonstrate that Ang1 can protect MSC against serum deprivation and hypoxia-induced apoptosis; Ang1/Tie-2 signaling and its downstream PI3K/Akt messenger pathway are crucial in the processes leading to MSC survival. | yes |
18,569,431 | Does simvastatin plus nitric oxide synthase inhibition modulate remote organ damage following skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) to the lower extremities causes both local damage and serious dysfunction to remote organs, including lungs and kidneys. However, effective therapies are not available. This study aims to determine if simvastatin reduced the severity of remote damage following IR... | Simvastatin protects against remote IRI-induced damage in the lungs and kidneys, suggesting statins may reduce the severity of IRI during major vascular surgery. | yes |
18,551,010 | Does angiotensinogen genotype predict abnormal renal hemodynamics in young hypertensive patients? | {
"contexts": [
"In essential hypertensive patients, blunted renal plasma flow responsiveness to angiotensin II suggests a pathologic increase in angiotensin II in the kidneys. This blunting has been associated with the angiotensinogen 235TT genotype. As several measures of renal function decline with age, we sou... | The angiotensinogen 235TT variant predicts premature blunting of renal vascular responsiveness among young hypertensive patients. This abnormal response is corrected by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. This first report of age and genotype interaction may have important implications in the profiling and manage... | yes |
18,551,017 | Do high-sugar diets increase cardiac dysfunction and mortality in hypertension compared to low-carbohydrate or high-starch diets? | {
"contexts": [
"Sugar consumption affects insulin release and, in hypertension, may stimulate cardiac signaling mechanisms that accelerate left ventricular hypertrophy and the development of heart failure. We investigated the effects of high-fructose or sucrose diets on ventricular function and mortality in hype... | Diets high in sugar accelerated cardiac systolic dysfunction and mortality in hypertension compared to either a low-carbohydrate/high-fat or high-starch diet. | yes |
18,569,948 | Does amiodarone protect diabetics and non-diabetics undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting equally? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate amiodarone prophylaxis in diabetics and non-diabetics. Further to clarify whether the risk of developing atrial fibrillation is higher for diabetics than non-diabetic patients, and to evaluate whether the diabetic status has any influence on the length of in-hospital stay.",
"Subg... | Diabetics and non-diabetics had the same effect of the amiodarone prophylaxis regime. Atrial fibrillation developed equally among diabetics and non-diabetics, but the length of stay was prolonged for diabetics. | yes |
18,560,524 | Does exposure to concentrated ambient particles affect vascular function in patients with coronary heart disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Exposure to fine particulate air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We previously demonstrated that exposure to dilute diesel exhaust causes vascular dysfunction in humans.",
"We conducted a study to determine whether exposure to ambient particulate... | Despite achieving marked increases in particulate matter, exposure to CAPs--low in combustion-derived particles--did not affect vasomotor or fibrinolytic function in either middle-aged healthy volunteers or patients with coronary heart disease. These findings contrast with previous exposures to dilute diesel exhaust an... | no |
18,562,699 | Is stimulation of contractions in human myometrium by serotonin unmasked by smooth muscle relaxants? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of serotonin to increase contractions in human myometrium.",
"Isometric tension measurements were used to determine the effect of increasing doses of serotonin on strips of human myometrium obtained at the time of cesarean section.",
"S... | The ability of serotonin to increase contractions in the uterus appears to depend on the background activity of the tissue and is greatest in quiescent tissue. It is therefore possible that in quiescent, preterm myometrium, aberrant serotonin signaling could contribute to preterm labor. Serotonin may also play a key ro... | yes |
18,559,106 | Are atypical cortical connectivity and visuospatial cognitive impairments related in children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is one of the most common genetic causes of cognitive impairment and developmental disability yet little is known about the neural bases of those challenges. Here we expand upon our previous neurocognitive studies by specifically investigating the hypothesis t... | Our results suggest that atypical development of connective patterns in the brains of children with chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome indicate a neuropathology that is related to the visuospatial cognitive impairments that are commonly found in affected individuals. | yes |
18,561,864 | Are fruit and vegetables similarly categorised by 8-13-year-old children? | {
"contexts": [
"This exploratory study assessed how 8-13-year-old children categorised and labelled fruit and vegetables (FaV), and how these were influenced by child characteristics, to specify second-level categories in a hierarchical food search system for a computerised 24 h dietary recall (hdr).",
"Two ... | These categories should be tested to assess their ability to facilitate search of FaV items in a computerised 24 hdr for children in this age group. | yes |
18,562,980 | Does a simple noninvasive score predict gastroesophageal varices in patients with chronic viral hepatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Guidelines recommend upper endoscopic screening of cirrhotic patients for gastroesophageal varices. Cirrhosis is not always distinguishable from chronic hepatitis.",
"To identify low-risk patients who can be spared upper endoscopy irrespective of a diagnosis of cirrhosis.",
"We evaluated ... | Patients with chronic viral hepatitis and a score <2 need not undergo upper endoscopy, as they are unlikely to have large varices. Because about 50% of our patients had this score, 50% of upper endoscopies may be safely avoided. | yes |
18,571,394 | Are hypertension and diabetes mellitus associated with cardiovascular events in the elderly without cardiovascular disease . Results of a 15-year follow-up in a Mediterranean population? | {
"contexts": [
"Epidemiological prospective data on cardiovascular (CV) events in elderly subjects from Mediterranean populations are lacking. We aimed to investigate 15-year incidence of CV events and to evaluate the association with CV risk factors in an elderly Mediterranean population.",
"The population ... | In a 15-year follow-up of an elderly Mediterranean population free from CV disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were related to CV events. The control of risk factors in the elderly needs to be reinforced to achieve better results in terms of CV prevention. | yes |
18,560,564 | Is altered gene expression in early atherosclerosis blocked by low level apolipoprotein E? | {
"contexts": [
"Mice deficient in apolipoprotein E (apoE(-/-)) develop atherosclerosis. The possible linkage between expression of adhesion molecules/cofactors and atherosclerosis was probed at the level of mRNA and protein expression. The hypothesis of a linkage between changes of adhesion molecules/cofactors a... | Atherosclerotic lesions in apoE(-/-) mice are detected as early as 4 weeks of age. Expression of low levels of apoE is shown to be both atheroprotective and to suppress these changes in key adhesion and inflammatory molecules observed in early atherosclerotic lesions. | yes |
18,560,566 | Do hepatotoxin-induced changes in the adult murine liver promote MYC-induced tumorigenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Overexpression of the human c-MYC (MYC) oncogene is one of the most frequently implicated events in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, we have shown in a conditional transgenic mouse model that MYC overexpression is restrained from inducing mitotic cellular division a... | Our results suggest a model whereby oncogenes can remain latently activated, but exposure of the adult liver to hepatotoxins that promote hepatocyte proliferation can rapidly uncover their malignant potential. | yes |
18,559,031 | Does pre-treatment haemoglobin level predict response and survival after TPF induction polychemotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the prognostic value of the pre-treatment haemoglobin level in patients with advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer treated with induction polychemotherapy.",
"Seventy-two patients with advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer received primary combination chemotherapy c... | In patients with advanced squamous cell head and neck cancer, the haemoglobin level prior to induction chemotherapy is significantly related to outcome including response and survival. | yes |
18,572,754 | Are distinct signature type I interferon responses determined by the infecting virus and the target cell? | {
"contexts": [
"Type I interferons (IFN) include multiple IFN-alpha subtypes which exhibit considerable amino acid identity and activate the same cell-surface receptor. The promoter regions of the IFN-alpha genes, however, have different transcription factor binding sites, implying differential transcriptional a... | These data suggest that the infecting virus and the target cell type dictate the extent and signature of inducible type I IFN gene expression. The extent of IFN response to viral infection influences the subsequent biological outcome: a robust IFN response prescribes a level of resistance, whereas a poor IFN response c... | yes |
18,572,751 | Is suboptimal response to adefovir dipivoxil therapy for chronic hepatitis B in nucleoside-naive patients due to pre-existing drug-resistant mutants? | {
"contexts": [
"Adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) has demonstrated activity against wild-type and lamivudine-resistant hepatitis B virus (HBV). After 1 year of therapy, a median 3.5-4.0 log10 decrease in viral load is observed. Our aim was to characterize the different profiles of response to ADV in relation to the in vi... | Suboptimal response to ADV might result from a host pharmacological effect or from patient compliance issues rather than from a reduced susceptibility of HBV to ADV. | no |
18,573,805 | Is cD5 expression potentially predictive of poor outcome among biomarkers in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma receiving rituximab plus CHOP therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Several biomarkers indicating poor prognosis have been reassessed in patients receiving rituximab combination chemotherapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, few studies have investigated outcome in relation to a combination of these biomarkers. In addition, no large-scale studie... | CD5 expression was the only significant prognostic factor among the biomarkers examined in this study. Further studies with larger numbers are warranted to confirm the prognostic significance of CD5 expression for patients with DLBCL receiving rituximab-containing chemotherapy. | yes |
18,563,389 | Does half-molar sodium-lactate solution have a beneficial effect in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare two solutions for fluid resuscitation in post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery patients: Ringer's lactate (RL) versus a new solution containing half-molar sodium-lactate (HL).",
"Prospective randomized open label study.",
"The first 12 h post-CABG surgery in an in... | Half-molar lactate solution is effective for fluid resuscitation in post-CABG patients. Compared to Ringer's Lactate, its use results in a significantly higher cardiac index with less volume being infused, resulting in a very negative post-operative body fluid balance. | yes |
18,556,967 | Does resting energy expenditure in insulin resistance fall with decompensation of insulin secretion in obese children? | {
"contexts": [
"Low resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) have been shown in adults to predispose to obesity and diabetes mellitus.",
"To correlate REE and RQ in 73 obese children and young adults (body mass index [BMI] 37 +/- 10 kg/m2) with measures of insulin secretion and resistan... | Findings in the CIR and DIR groups support the correlation of REE with metabolic changes consistent with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus. | yes |
18,550,063 | Does tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibition protect against endotoxin-induced endothelial glycocalyx perturbation? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammatory stimuli profoundly increase the vulnerability of the vessel wall to atherogenesis. The endothelial glycocalyx, a layer of glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans covering the luminal side of the vasculature, has recently emerged as an orchestrator of vascular homeostasis. In the present... | These data suggest that inflammatory activity, in part mediated by TNFalpha, leads to perturbation of the endothelial glycocalyx in humans. This may contribute to the vascular vulnerability induced by inflammation. | yes |
18,561,990 | Does application of Evicel to cavernous nerves of the rat influence erectile function in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effect of the fibrin sealant, Evicel, on the neuroregulatory control of penile erections in an experimental rat model.",
"Two groups of rats were used: sham-operated rats with exposure of the bilateral cavernous nerves (CNs) and application of saline vehicle (500 microL), and ... | These data suggest that the hemostatic agent, Evicel, is safe in an experimental rat model of erection physiology, with no detrimental effects on neuroregulatory control of erection. | no |
18,573,409 | Does pulsatile pulmonary perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass reduce the pulmonary inflammatory response? | {
"contexts": [
"Pulmonary dysfunction presumably linked to an inflammatory response is frequent after cardiac operations using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and pulmonary hypoperfusion. We previously demonstrated that active perfusion of the lungs during CPB reduces ischemic lung injury. We now hypothesized that ... | Active pulmonary perfusion reduces the inflammatory response and apoptosis in the lungs observed during conventional CPB. This effect is greatest when pulmonary perfusion is performed with pulsatility. The reduction in cytokine expression by pulsatile pulmonary perfusion might be mediated by AP-1 and NF-kappaB. | yes |
18,573,401 | Does lipopolysaccharide stimulation of human aortic valve interstitial cells activate inflammation and osteogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcific aortic stenosis may be an inflammatory disease with active bone formation in the valve leaflets rather than a disease of passive calcium deposition. Epidemiologic data demonstrating correlation of poor dental hygiene to atherosclerotic pathologies suggests that circulating bacterial prod... | The LPS stimulation of HAVICs not only induces inflammatory mediators but also induces gene expression of osteogenic factors, similar to that induced by osteogenic media. Bacterial products stimulation, likely by toll-like receptor 4 and the innate immune system, may contribute to the pathogenesis of aortic valve steno... | yes |
18,570,654 | Does treatment of pregnant rats with oleoyl-estrone slow down pup fat deposition after weaning? | {
"contexts": [
"In rats, oral oleoyl-estrone (OE) decreases food intake and body lipid content. The aim of this study was to determine whether OE treatment affects the energy metabolism of pregnant rats and eventually, of their pups; i.e. changes in normal growth patterns and the onset of obesity after weaning."... | The OE influences on pup growth can be partially buffered by maternal lipid mobilization during the second half of pregnancy. This maternal metabolic "imprinting" may condition the eventual accumulation of adipose tissue after weaning, and its effects can affect the regulation of body weight up to adulthood. | yes |
18,555,493 | Does pharmacological inhibitor of fatty acid synthase suppress growth and invasiveness of renal cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Fatty acid synthase has been shown to be over expressed in a wide range of cancers and it has emerged as a therapeutic target. We examined whether fatty acid synthase could be a novel therapeutic target for renal cell carcinoma using the pharmacological fatty acid synthase inhibitor C75 (Cayman C... | Pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid synthase could be an effective strategy for treating renal cell carcinoma. | yes |
18,549,882 | Is proteasome activation by hepatitis C core protein reversed by ethanol-induced oxidative stress? | {
"contexts": [
"The proteasome is a major cellular proteinase. Its activity is modulated by cellular oxidants. Hepatitis C core protein and ethanol exposure both cause enhanced oxidant generation. The aim was to investigate whether core protein, by its ability to generate oxidants, alters proteasome activity and... | HCV core protein interacts with PA28, mitochondrial, and endoplasmic reticulum proteins to cause low levels of oxidant stress and proteasome activation, which is dampened during ethanol metabolism when oxidant generation is higher. | yes |
18,549,880 | Does oncogenic KRAS induce progenitor cell expansion and malignant transformation in zebrafish exocrine pancreas? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the cell of origin for pancreatic cancer remains unknown, prior studies have suggested that pancreatic neoplasia may be initiated in progenitor-like cells. To examine the effects of oncogene activation within the pancreatic progenitor pool, we devised a system for real-time visualization... | These results provide a unique view of the tumor-initiating effects of oncogenic KRAS in a living vertebrate organism, and suggest that zebrafish models of pancreatic cancer may prove useful in advancing our understanding of the human disease. | yes |
18,559,658 | Does the fatty acid receptor GPR40 play a role in insulin secretion in vivo after high-fat feeding? | {
"contexts": [
"The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR40 is expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and is activated by long-chain fatty acids. Gene deletion studies have shown that GPR40 mediates, at least in part, fatty acid-amplification of glucose-induced insulin secretion (GSIS) but is not implicated in GSIS itself.... | GPR40 plays a role not only in fatty acid modulation of insulin secretion, but also in GSIS after high-fat feeding. These observations raise doubts on the validity of a therapeutic approach based on GPR40 antagonism for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. | yes |
18,545,827 | Does methodology for characterizing proficiency in interpreting sputum smear microscopy result in the diagnosis of tuberculosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To propose a methodology for characterizing proficiency in sputum smear microscopy for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in the diagnosis of tuberculosis and to determine the number of microscopies necessary to establish this proficiency, as well as the quality of the transcription of results, the causes o... | Double-blind sputum smear microscopy readings using a panel containing 75 slides (36 negative, 4 inconclusive, and 35 positive) proved to be appropriate for characterizing proficiency in sputum smear microscopy for the diagnosis of tuberculosis when such proficiency is intended to reproduce laboratory routine. | yes |
18,550,116 | Is serum carbonic anhydrase 9 level associated with postoperative recurrence of conventional renal cell cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"We explored the clinical usefulness of serum carbonic anhydrase 9 as a potential biomarker for conventional renal cell cancer.",
"This study included 91 patients with conventional renal cell cancer and 32 healthy individuals. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the carbonic ... | Our data suggest that serum carbonic anhydrase 9 is increased as the tumor progression occurs. A high carbonic anhydrase 9 level is associated with postoperative recurrence. | yes |
18,547,958 | Is local body composition associated with gender differences of bone development at the forearm in puberty? | {
"contexts": [
"The present analyses intend to clarify if gender and puberty modify the relationship between bone development (modeling and remodeling) and fat mass at the forearm.",
"Data were collected from participants (139 males, 157 females, age = 5-19 years) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometr... | Modeling and bone strength were primarily predicted by MA. Markers of remodeling were positively correlated with FA in pubertal females, but not in prepubertal individuals and pubertal males. Therefore, gender and puberty modify the relationship between FA and bone development. | yes |
18,555,095 | Does intestinal lipid absorption increase cold ischemia of the small bowel in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The short cold ischemic tolerance of the gut is a major problem in small bowel transplantation. We have shown that intestinal lipid administration is beneficial during systemic inflammation like sepsis.",
"Rats were intestinally infused with either water or 1% olive oil for 12 hours. The smal... | Intestinal lipid administration before cold storage clearly decreases histologic damage of the small bowel and might increase the tolerance for cold ischemia. Lipids or their metabolites stored in enterocytes may act as an antiinflammatory. Intestinal lipid administration in organ donors might be useful to increase col... | yes |
18,547,308 | Does dihydrotestosterone inhibit murine hair growth via the androgen receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Androgens cause regression of human hair follicles in the parietofrontal scalp, but the precise mechanisms by which they do so are unknown. Although many investigators have elucidated the effect of androgens on hair growth by using rodents and other animals, some of the evidence is conflicting.",... | Androgens inhibit hair growth in mice, and this inhibition might be caused by androgen-androgen receptor signals. | yes |
18,563,716 | Does axin2 expression identify progenitor cells in the murine prostate? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously reported that prostatic stem/progenitor cells are concentrated in the proximal region of prostatic ducts and express stem cell antigen 1 (Sca-1). As Wnt signaling is important for the maintenance of stem cells, we determined whether Sca-1 expressing cells also express Axin2, as Axin... | Axin2 expressing cells that co-express Sca-1 are present in all prostate lobes suggesting that progenitor cells reside within the Wnt active population. An understanding of the basic biology of signaling pathways mediating growth in the prostate may lead to rational therapies to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and p... | yes |
18,545,156 | Is antiretroviral therapy associated with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype among HIV-1-infected men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Alterations in serum lipids and an increased risk of myocardial infarction have been associated with HIV-1 infection and its treatment.",
"Lipoprotein subclasses were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in frozen plasma samples from participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort ... | Use of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected men was associated with an "atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype." | yes |
18,562,219 | Does mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 ( MK2 ) modulate key biological pathways associated with OA disease pathology? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the role of mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) in mediating the cellular response to pro-inflammatory cytokines in human primary osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes.",
"Delivery of a dominant negative MK2 was achieved in HeLa cells by adenoviral infectio... | Our data reveal that MK2 is active in OA human articular cartilage and in isolated primary human chondrocytes and that MK2 mediates the release of PGE2, MMP3 and MMP13. These findings suggest a role for MK2 in contributing to OA algesia and OA joint structural deterioration by mediating the downstream effects of p38 ac... | yes |
18,548,529 | Does up-regulation of CD40 with juxtacrine activity in human nonsmall lung cancer cells correlate with poor prognosis? | {
"contexts": [
"CD40 and its ligand, CD154, play a regulatory role in several signaling pathways among lymphocytes. Recently, it was reported that CD40 is expressed in several malignant tumors. However, the clinical impact of CD40 expression in nonsmall cell lung cancer has not been studied widely.",
"One hu... | The current results suggested that CD40 expression in tumors is associated with a poor prognosis and that the juxtacrine interaction of CD40-CD154 among cancer cells facilitates the development of malignant potential in nonsmall cell lung cancer. | yes |
18,554,571 | Does a novel mutation confirm MFRP as the gene causing the syndrome of nanophthalmos-renititis pigmentosa-foveoschisis-optic disk drusen? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of the second family with a recently described recessive syndrome characterized by posterior microphthalmos, retinitis pigmentosa, foveoschisis, and optic disk drusen.",
"Observational case report.",
"Three affected subjects and one hea... | We confirmed that the syndrome of posterior microphthalmos, retinitis pigmentosa, foveoschisis, and optic disk drusen constitutes a distinct autosomal recessive entity. The novel frameshift mutation identified in the family described here validates MFRP as the gene responsible for this particular disease, which charact... | yes |
18,554,572 | Is lPS-induced MCP-1 and IL-6 production reversed by oestrogen in human periodontal ligament cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells express oestrogen receptors but the functional importance of oestrogen in PDL cells exposed to bacterial endotoxins is not known. Here we investigate if the inflammation promoter lipopolysaccharide (LPS) affects PDL cell production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyt... | LPS stimulates PDL cell IL-6 and MCP-1 production but has no effect on the normal physiological properties of PDL cells. LPS-induced IL-6 and MCP-1 is not reversed by oestrogen suggesting that oestrogen exerts no anti-inflammatory effect via this mechanism. | no |
18,558,581 | Does removal of all radioactive sentinel nodes in breast cancer improve the detection of positive sentinel nodes? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study is to evaluate if it is necessary to remove all the radioactive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) not seen on lymphoscintigraphy in order to accurately stage breast cancer patients.",
"From March 1999 to March 2006, SLN biopsy was performed in 461 patients. All patients were o... | Lymphoscintigraphy does not accurately predict the number of SLNs identified intraoperatively, this number being underestimated. Surgeons should remove all radioactive SLNs to improve the detection of positive SLNs. | yes |
18,570,636 | Does gait analysis correlate with clinical and MR imaging parameters in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Parameters of MR imaging play a pivotal role in diagnosing lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), and serve as an important tool in clinical decision-making. Despite the importance of MR imaging, little is known about the correlation between MRI parameters, objective gait analysis, and clinical presentati... | According to the results of this study MRI findings failed to show a major clinical relevance when evaluating the walking distance in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and, therefore, should be treated with some caution as a predictor of walking distance. In determining the disease pattern of spinal stenosis functio... | no |
18,571,585 | Does mononuclear cell-derived interleukin-1 beta confer chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer cells by upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2? | {
"contexts": [
"Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive malignancy and efficient therapeutic options are still largely lacking. The importance of interactions between tumor cells and surrounding stromal elements, eg, mononuclear cells, for chemoresistance have been increasingly recognized. In addition, cyclooxyge... | Mononuclear cells protect pancreatic cancer cells from drug-induced apoptosis in vitro by interleukin-1beta-mediated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and production of prostaglandins. This study highlights the importance of tumor-host interactions in pancreatic cancers and may provide the basis for novel therapeutic appr... | yes |
18,571,584 | Does a polyamine analog bismethylspermine ameliorate severe pancreatitis induced by intraductal infusion of taurodeoxycholate? | {
"contexts": [
"Stable polyamine homeostasis is important for cell survival and regeneration. Our experimental studies have shown that catabolism of spermidine and spermine to putrescine is associated with the development of pancreatitis. We investigated the pathogenetic role of polyamine catabolism by studying ... | Taurodeoxycholate-induced acute pancreatitis was associated with activation of polyamine catabolism in the pancreas. The polyamine analog Me(2)Spm ameliorated the injury in the early stage, but it did not ameliorate the late progression of the pancreatic necrosis at 72 h. Thus, besides proteolytic enzyme activation and... | yes |
18,571,586 | Do both tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase prevent intraabdominal abscess formation after surgical treatment of peritonitis in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Prevention of intraabdominal abscess formation constitutes an important goal in treatment of secondary peritonitis. Fibrinolytic therapy may be effective in this respect. The efficacy of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) and urokinase is compared in a preclinical model for surgical ... | Both rtPA and urokinase effectively and safely reduce abscess formation in a rat model for treatment of secondary peritonitis. Fibrinolytic therapy should be further developed for clinical application. | yes |
18,571,581 | Does biliary drainage attenuate postischemic reperfusion injury in the cholestatic rat liver? | {
"contexts": [
"The combination of hepatic ischemia and cholestasis, both identified as risk factors for oxidative stress, potentially enhances postischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Preoperative biliary drainage relieves oxidative stress and therefore seems a worthwhile intervention in cholestatic patients unde... | The cholestatic rat is more susceptible to postischemic liver injury and these injurious effects were significantly attenuated by biliary decompression. | yes |
18,550,460 | Does platelet-rich plasma have no effect on increasing free fat graft survival in the nude mouse? | {
"contexts": [
"Free fat grafts have an unpredictable survival rate, which may be dependent on host bed vascularity. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that the presence of growth factors in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), may enhance free fat graft survival.",
"Free fat grafts and autologous PRP were harvested... | PRP did not enhance free fat graft survival in the nude mouse. | yes |
18,556,048 | Does power quality affect teacher wellbeing and student behavior in three Minnesota Schools? | {
"contexts": [
"Poor power quality (dirty electricity) is ubiquitous especially in schools with fluorescent lights and computers. Previous studies have shown a relationship between power quality and student behavior/teacher health.",
"The purpose of this study is to determine the ability of power line filter... | Dirty electricity in schools may be adversely affecting wellbeing of teachers and behavior of their students, especially younger students in middle and elementary school. Power line filters improve power quality and may also protect those who are sensitive to this energy. Work on electric and magnetic field metrics wit... | yes |
18,566,173 | Are brain white matter hyperintensities associated with carotid intraplaque hemorrhage? | {
"contexts": [
"To retrospectively assess the relationship between carotid intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH), which indicates plaque instability, and brain white matter hyperintense lesions (WMHLs) by using a within-patient design.",
"All patients gave written informed consent for the initial magnetic resonance (... | Carotid artery disease and leukoaraiosis were associated with features that indicated plaque instability, namely IPH, whereas the degree of stenosis had no effect. | yes |
18,558,425 | Does clopidogrel pretreatment abolish increase of PAI-1 after coronary stent implantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) has been shown to increase after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Whether activated platelets, local trauma with activation of resident vascular cells or the acute phase response is the source of this PAI-1 increase is not well defined. Therefore... | Clopidogrel pretreatment completely abolishes the increase of PAI-1 active antigen after coronary stent implantation. This suggests that peri-procedural platelet activation might play a major role for the increase of PAI-1 after PCI thus increasing the risk of acute and subacute thrombus formation based on a reduced en... | yes |
18,565,243 | Are peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis differentially sensitive to apoptosis induced by anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) therapies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been mainly attributed to TNF-alpha neutralisation. Other mechanism as immune cell apoptosis, which is impaired in RA, may also be induced by anti-TNF-alpha therapies. The aim of our study was... | In vitro induction of lymphocyte apoptosis by anti-TNF-alpha was observed in a subgroup of RA patients. Based on these data, it would be of interest to further study the interindividual variations of sensitivity to apoptosis induced by TNF alpha inhibitors in relation to treatment efficacy or resistance observed in RA ... | yes |
18,549,896 | Are stem cell factor and its receptor , c-kit , important for hepatocyte proliferation in wild-type and tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 knockout mice after 70 % hepatectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Stem cell factor (SCF) has well-known proliferative effects on hematopoietic cells. SCF also has effects on differentiation and proliferation in other cell types. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha have proliferative effects in the liver. Recent studies in our laboratory h... | These data suggest that TNF-alpha-induced hepatocyte proliferation depends, at least in part, on SCF and that SCF and its receptor, c-kit, are important for the liver's regenerative processes. | yes |
18,549,898 | Is diurnal rhythmicity in glucose uptake mediated by temporal periodicity in the expression of the sodium-glucose cotransporter ( SGLT1 )? | {
"contexts": [
"Intestinal transport exhibits distinct diurnal rhythmicity. Understanding the mechanisms behind this may reveal new therapeutic strategies to modulate intestinal function in disease states such as diabetes and obesity, as well as short bowel syndrome. Although diurnal rhythms have been amply docu... | Our results definitively link diurnal changes in intestinal glucose uptake capacity to changes in both SGLT1 mRNA and protein. These findings suggest that modulation of transporter expression would enhance intestinal function and provide an impetus to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie diurnal rhythmicity in transc... | yes |
18,553,509 | Are unique spatial and cellular expression patterns of Hoxa5 , Hoxb4 , and Hoxb6 proteins in normal developing murine lung modified in pulmonary hypoplasia? | {
"contexts": [
"Hox transcription factors modulate signaling pathways controlling organ morphogenesis and maintain cell fate and differentiation in adults. Retinoid signaling, key in regulating Hox expression, is altered in pulmonary hypoplasia. Information on pattern-specific expression of Hox proteins in norma... | Unique spatial and cellular expression of Hoxa5, Hoxb4, and Hoxb6 participates in branching morphogenesis and terminal sac formation. Altered Hox protein temporal and cellular balance of expression either contributes to pulmonary hypoplasia or functions as a compensatory mechanism attempting to correct abnormal lung de... | yes |
18,562,072 | Is the pituitary-adrenal axis activated more in non-survivors than in survivors of cardiac arrest , irrespective of therapeutic hypothermia? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of therapeutic hypothermia in the prognostic value of the pituitary-adrenal axis in comatose patients after cardiac arrest.",
"Prospective observational study in intensive care units (ICU) of a university and an affiliated regional hospital.",
"Twenty-nine consec... | In comatose patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest, the pituitary-adrenal axis is activated particularly in those dying in the ICU, irrespective of therapeutic hypothermia. Hence, activation of the axis may be a marker of fatal cerebral damage. There is no firm evidence for relative adrenal insufficiency associated ... | yes |
18,551,101 | Is symmetric dimethylarginine an independent predictor of intradialytic hypotension? | {
"contexts": [
"Hemodialysis (HD) is associated with significant reductions in the plasma concentrations of the nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors N(G)-monomethyl L-arginine (L-NMMA), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA). We sought to determine whether elevated concentrations of th... | Increased pre-HD SDMA plasma concentrations and greater SDMA reductions during HD independently predict IDH after adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, pre-HD SBP, and other methylated forms of L-arginine. | yes |
18,552,979 | Are lOXL1 genetic polymorphisms associated with exfoliation glaucoma in the Japanese population? | {
"contexts": [
"We performed genetic association studies using a native Japanese population to examine the reproducibility of results of lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) genetic association studies for exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) beyond the differences of ethnicity. We also quantified LOXL1 mRNA expression in the hum... | Although the functional effects of the LOXL1 SNP appear to be qualitative rather than quantitative, the amino acid substitution (R141L) caused by SNP rs1048661 is not a simple decisive factor for XFG due to the inverted allele frequency between Japanese XFG and Caucasian XFG patients. Further genetic and functional stu... | yes |
18,559,098 | Is mast cell activation characterized by upregulation of a functional anaphylatoxin C5a receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Mast cells (MC) are key effector cells of allergic diseases and resistance to helminthic parasites and induce or amplify diverse innate and adaptive immune responses. The signals controlling MC mobilization during inflammation are not fully understood.",
"Since anaphylatoxins are attractive c... | Collectively, our results suggest that Ag-dependent as well as -independent activation induces an inflammatory MC phenotype which is distinguished by neoexpression of a functional C5aR as a novel effector mechanism in MC-mediated pathogenesis. | yes |
18,559,090 | Does the CD44+/CD24- phenotype is enriched in basal-like breast tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Human breast tumors are heterogeneous and consist of phenotypically diverse cells. Breast cancer cells with a CD44+/CD24- phenotype have been suggested to have tumor-initiating properties with stem cell-like and invasive features, although it is unclear whether their presence within a tumor has c... | We demonstrate an association between basal-like and particularly BRCA1 hereditary breast cancer and the presence of CD44+/CD24- cells. Not all basal-like tumors and very few HER2+ tumors, however, contain CD44+/CD24- cells, emphasizing that a putative tumorigenic ability may not be confined to cells of this phenotype ... | yes |
18,573,392 | Does high-dose insulin therapy attenuate systemic inflammatory response in coronary artery bypass grafting patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces an acute phase reaction that is implicated in the pathogenesis of several postoperative complications. Studies have shown that proinflammatory cytokines are increased by acute hyperglycemia. Recent evidence suggests that insulin has antiin... | High-dose insulin therapy blunts the early postoperative surge in inflammatory response to CPB as reflected by decreased levels of IL6, IL8, and TNFalpha. | yes |
18,558,556 | Is tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases II ( TIMP-2 ) an osteoanabolic factor in vitro and in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Critical size defects (CSDs) of bone are defined as defects that do not heal spontaneously to new bone during the lifetime of an adult individual. In contrast, immature animals are capable to heal defects of identical size. It was our hypothesis that age-related paracrine effects are relevant for... | We conclude that one component responsible for the healing effect of CSDs of POBC supernatants derived from prenatal donors is TIMP-2. | yes |
18,568,839 | Does endothelial alpha-1-antitrypsin attenuate cigarette smoke induced apoptosis in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Deficiency of the antiprotease alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) contribute to the development of early onset emphysema. CS-induced apoptosis of alveolar cells including endothelial cells plays critical role in the lung destruction. AAT deficiency is associated with i... | Our results suggest that AAT is taken up by endothelial cells via two mechanisms and that intracellular AAT may have a protective role in CS-induced endothelial apoptosis. This may open new insights into the field of endothelial serpins as agents capable of protecting the vasculature from environment-derived noxious su... | yes |
18,548,926 | Do comparative clinical results after implant placement in the posterior maxilla with and without sinus augmentation? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to compare implants in the posterior maxilla with or without sinus floor augmentation.",
"A retrospective study was conducted of patients who received implants in the posterior maxilla. All patients received solitary, implant-retained fixed partial dentures or crowns. A stan... | The outcomes for implants with augmentation were similar to those without augmentation. | yes |
18,566,803 | Do nicotine and amphetamine acutely cross-potentiate their behavioral and neurochemical responses in female Holtzman rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Psychostimulants are often used in close temporal proximity to nicotine and have been reported to enhance acutely nicotine's desirability in humans.",
"To investigate the acute associations between amphetamine and nicotine, we examined the potentiative interactions between clinically relevant... | Overall, the present data demonstrate that acute interactions of nicotine and other psychomotor stimulants produce potentiative effects and that these transient interactions may play a role in the frequent co-use and abuse of nicotine and other stimulants. | yes |
18,564,388 | Is endothelial permeability increased by the supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with HLA Class II antibody? | {
"contexts": [
"The generation of inflammatory mediators from monocytes activated by HLA Class II antibodies is thought to play important roles in the etiology of nonhemolytic transfusion reactions. Increased permeability of endothelial cells contributes to the pathogenesis of rash, urticaria, angioedema, and pu... | Both TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, generated from PBMNCs by anti-HLA-DR plasma in a corresponding antigen-antibody-dependent manner, led to an increase in endothelial permeability. The activation of monocytes by the HLA-DR antibodies and the resultant inflammatory mediators could contribute to the pathogenesis of rash, urti... | yes |
18,563,393 | Does intra-amygdaloid infusion of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract ( EGb761 ) facilitate fear-potentiated startle in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb761, is one of the most commonly used herbal supplements throughout Western society. It has been used in the treatment of various common geriatric complaints including short-term memory loss. We showed that acute systemic administration of EGb761 enhanced fear-potentiate... | These results suggested that a single dose of EGb761 also has memory-enhancing effects in young animals. In addition, BLA is the central locus for EGb761 facilitation effect on FPS. | yes |
18,556,383 | Is volume overhydration related to endothelial dysfunction in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"In dialysis patients, volume overhydration is common and is related to increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, it remains unclear whether volume overload imposes those detrimental effects through endothelial dysfunction.",
"In this cross-sectional study, 81 stable p... | There was independent correlation between index of volume status and FMD, and higher nECW was related to worse endothelial function. The results of this study may help us understand the underlying mechanism of volume overhydration leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. | yes |
18,569,019 | Is treatment with granulocyte colony stimulating factor associated with improvement in endothelial function? | {
"contexts": [
"Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used for the mobilization of bone marrow and endothelial progenitor cells, though G-CSF-induced inflammation may cause endothelial dysfunction. We examined the effects of G-CSF on endothelium, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor-alpha ... | Treatment with G-CSF improves endothelial function in vivo, possibly by shifting the balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. | yes |
18,560,574 | Does group B streptococcal beta-hemolysin/cytolysin directly impair cardiomyocyte viability and function? | {
"contexts": [
"Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis where myocardial dysfunction is an important contributor to poor outcome. Here we study the effects of the GBS pore-forming beta-hemolysin/cytolysin (Bh/c) exotoxin on cardiomyocyte viability, contractility, and calcium transients.... | Our data show a rapid loss of cardiomyocyte viability and function induced by GBS beta h/c, and these deleterious effects are inhibited by DPPC, a normal constituent of human pulmonary surfactant.. These findings have clinical implications for the cardiac dysfunction observed in neonatal GBS infections. | yes |
18,560,578 | Does proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer cells reveal dynamic processes of protein secretion and shedding of extra-cellular domains? | {
"contexts": [
"Elucidation of the repertoire of secreted and cell surface proteins of tumor cells is relevant to molecular diagnostics, tumor imaging and targeted therapies. We have characterized the cell surface proteome and the proteins released into the extra-cellular milieu of three ovarian cancer cell line... | Protein profiles of the cell lines had substantial similarity to the profiles of human ovarian cancer cells from ascites fluid and included protein markers known to be associated with ovarian cancer. Proteomic analysis indicated extensive shedding from extra-cellular domains of proteins expressed on the cell surface, a... | yes |
18,560,579 | Do divergent pathways in COS-7 cells mediate defective internalization and intracellular routing of truncated G-CSFR forms in SCN/AML? | {
"contexts": [
"Expression of truncated G-CSFR forms in patients with SCN/AML induces hyperproliferation and prolonged cell survival. Previously, we showed that ligand internalization is delayed and degradation of truncated G-CSFR forms is defective in patients with SCN/AML.",
"In this study, we investigated... | Our data suggest that distinct domains within the G-CSFR mediate separate processes for receptor internalization and degradation. Our findings using standard binding assays differ from recently published data utilizing flow cytometry. | yes |
18,573,835 | Is retinal nerve fiber layer atrophy associated with physical and cognitive disability in multiple sclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Studying axonal loss in the retina is a promising biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). Our aim was to compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) and Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT) techniques to measure the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with MS, and to explor... | In summary, both OCT and HRT are able to detect thinning of the RNFL, but OCT seems to be the most sensitive technique to identify changes associated with MS evolution. | yes |
18,571,099 | Does pharmacological and genetic inhibition of NADPH oxidase reduce brain damage in different models of perinatal brain injury in newborn mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the development of perinatal brain injury. The ROS-generating enzyme NADPH oxidase (Nox2) is present in inflammatory cells and contributes to brain injury in adult animal models.",
"NADPH oxidase contributes to ROS formation and ... | NADPH oxidase is upregulated after hypoxia-ischemia and activated microglia cells are a possible source of Nox2-derived ROS. In contrast to findings in adult brain, NADPH oxidase does not significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of perinatal brain injury. Results obtained in adult animals cannot be transferred to n... | no |
18,549,395 | Is pRNP 1368 polymorphism associated with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the Korean population? | {
"contexts": [
"Human prion protein gene (PRNP) is considered a critical and fundamental gene in determining the incidence of human prion diseases. Codons 129 and 219 play an important role in the susceptibility to sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). An association between sporadic CJD and the polymorphism... | A significant difference of genotype and allele frequencies at PRNP 1368 was found between the normal Korean population and various European populations. In contrast to the results in the British and German populations, our study does not show a significant difference in genotype (P = 0.2763) and allele (P = 0.3750) fr... | no |
18,549,399 | Is m129V polymorphism in the prion protein gene associated with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a Han Chinese population? | {
"contexts": [
"Prion protein (PrP) predominantly localized at synapses can modulate neuronal excitability. The prion protein gene (PRNP) has been considered one of the candidate genes that play a role in seizure susceptibility. A recent study demonstrated that the 129V allele in the PRNP gene was associated wit... | The present study provides evidence that the M129V polymorphism in the PRNP gene is not associated with MTLE in a Han Chinese population. | no |
18,572,228 | Is airway hyperresponsiveness dissociated from airway wall structural remodeling? | {
"contexts": [
"Nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (EB) has emerged as a useful tool to study the structural and inflammatory mechanisms of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in asthma. We have previously shown that vascular remodeling and reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening are present in EB. However, ... | Mast cell localization to the ASM bundle, but not structural remodeling of the airway wall, is associated with AHR in asthma. | yes |
18,572,413 | Does addition of dextran sulfate to blood cardioplegia attenuate reperfusion injury in a porcine model of cardiopulmonary bypass? | {
"contexts": [
"Contact of blood with artificial surfaces and air as well as ischemia/reperfusion injury to the heart and lungs mediate systemic and local inflammation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Activation of complement and coagulation cascades leads to and accompanies endothelial cell damage. Therefor... | Addition of DXS to the BCP solution ameliorates post-CPB injury and to a certain extent improves cardiopulmonary function. Endothelial protection in addition to myocyte protection may improve post-CPB outcome and recovery. | yes |
18,573,431 | Is performance at symptom-limited stair-climbing test associated with increased cardiopulmonary complications , mortality , and costs after major lung resection? | {
"contexts": [
"Exercise tests are increasingly used during preoperative evaluation before lung resection. This study assessed the association between performance at the symptom-limited stair-climbing test and postoperative cardiopulmonary morbidity, mortality, and costs after major lung resections.",
"As pa... | Performance at a maximal stair-climbing test was reliably associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality. We recommend the use of this simple and economic test in all lung resection candidates. Patients who perform poorly at the stair-climbing test should undergo a formal cardiopulmonary exercise test with measu... | yes |
18,562,462 | Are mannose-binding lectin polymorphisms associated with rheumatoid arthritis -- confirmation in two large cohorts? | {
"contexts": [
"In RA, conflicting results have been described on the association between genotypes of the complement factor mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and disease susceptibility and severity. This might be due to underpowerment of previous research work and the fact that no confirmation cohorts were used. The... | MBL genotype groups are not associated with RA disease susceptibility or severity in this large study including a confirmation cohort. Compared with previous smaller studies these results add to more definite conclusions. | no |
18,559,103 | Is cADM1 a strong neuroblastoma candidate gene that maps within a 3.72 Mb critical region of loss on 11q23? | {
"contexts": [
"Recurrent loss of part of the long arm of chromosome 11 is a well established hallmark of a subtype of aggressive neuroblastomas. Despite intensive mapping efforts to localize the culprit 11q tumour suppressor gene, this search has been unsuccessful thus far as no sufficiently small critical regi... | Our study puts CADM1 forward as a strong candidate neuroblastoma suppressor gene. Further functional studies are warranted to elucidate the role of CADM1 in neuroblastoma development and to investigate the possibility of CADM1 haploinsufficiency in neuroblastoma. | yes |
18,572,858 | Does [ Buried penis decrease nitric oxide synthase of the corpus cavernosum ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the influence of buried penis on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity of the corpus cavernosum in rats.",
"The experimental model of concealed penis was established by intra-pocket-suture of the root of the penis. Two hundred and forty rats were equally randomized into a 2, a 4 and... | Buried penis decreases the NOS activity of the corpus cavernosum in a positively time-related manner, but with no significant influence on its appearance and weight. | yes |
18,572,857 | Does [ Subchronic exposure to acrylamide affect reproduction and testis endocrine function of rats ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the effect of subchronic exposure to acrylamide on the reproduction and testis endocrine function of rats.",
"Forty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of equal number, exposed to acrylamide at the dose of 0, 4, 10 and 18 mg/(kg x d) respectively for 9 we... | Subchronic exposure to acrylamide could affect the normal development of sperm, cause changes of the activity of some enzymes in the testis and significantly influence hindlimb motor coordination. Acrylamide directly damages Leydig cells and affects the endocrine function of the testis. | yes |
18,572,855 | Does [ Phyllanthus urinaria extract promote N-cadherin expression in nitrogen mustard-disrupted testicular tissues in vivo ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the protective effect of the Phyllanthus Urinaria (PU) extract on the N-cadherin expression in the testicular tissues disrupted by nitrogen mustard (HN2) in vivo.",
"HN2 was intraperitoneally injected into male KM mice at the dose of 5 mg/kg to make reproductive toxicity models, an... | The PU extract can effectively promote the N-cadherin expression in the testis tissues disrupted by HN2. | yes |
18,565,250 | Do men suffer vertebral fractures with similar spinal T-scores to women? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the applicability of the WHO densitometric criteria for the diagnosis of spinal osteoporosis in men and to compare it with women with vertebral fractures, as well as to analyze the role of vertebral dimensions in the development of spinal fractures.",
"For these purposes we analyz... | We conclude that although men with vertebral fractures have greater vertebral dimensions and BMD than women, the lumbar T-scores are similar. Therefore, it seems reasonable to adopt the same T-score values for the diagnosis of osteoporosis in men and women. | yes |
18,552,869 | Is the alpha1A-adrenoceptor gene required for the alpha1L-adrenoceptor-mediated response in isolated preparations of the mouse prostate? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated whether deletion of the alpha1A-adrenoceptor gene influences contractile responses of mouse prostate to noradrenaline. Responses of mouse prostate to noradrenaline are known to be mediated by alpha1L-adrenoceptors, which are thought to be a functional phenotype of alpha1A-... | alpha1L-Adrenoceptor-mediated responses in mouse prostate are abolished in alpha1A -/- mice, demonstrating that the alpha1A-adrenoceptor gene is essential to the manifestation of the prostatic alpha1L-adrenoceptor phenotype. This implies that alpha1L-adrenoceptors are indeed a functional phenotype of alpha1A-adrenocept... | yes |
18,552,868 | Are interactions between CB ( 1 ) receptors and TRPV1 channels mediated by 12-HPETE cytotoxic to mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons? | {
"contexts": [
"We recently proposed the existence of neurotoxic interactions between the cannabinoid type 1 (CB(1)) receptor and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels in rat mesencephalic cultures. This study seeks evidence for the mediator(s) and mechanisms underlying the neurotoxic interac... | Activation of CB(1) receptors in rat mesencephalic neurons was associated with biosynthesis of 12(S)-HPETE, which in turn stimulated TRPV1 activity, leading to increased [Ca(2+)](i), mitochondrial damage and neuronal death. | yes |
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