pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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|---|---|---|---|---|
26,544,970 | Does plasmid DNA Vaccine Co-Immunisation modulate Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Induced by Intranasal Inoculation in Mice? | {
"contexts": [
"An effective HIV vaccine will likely require induction of both mucosal and systemic cellular and humoral immune responses. We investigated whether intramuscular (IM) delivery of electroporated plasmid DNA vaccine and simultaneous protein vaccinations by intranasal (IN) and IM routes could be comb... | These data suggest that while IN inoculation alone elicits both cellular and humoral responses, co-administration with homologous DNA vaccination can tailor these towards a more balanced Th1/Th2 phenotype modulating the cellular cytokine profile while eliciting high-levels of antigen-specific antibody. This work provid... | yes |
26,538,514 | Does active lifestyle in childhood and adolescence prevent obesity development in young adulthood? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that individuals who are active but who decrease physical activity (PA) over time have a higher risk of becoming obese in young adulthood, when compared to individuals who are consistently active throughout childhood and adolescence.",
"Iowa Bone Development Study cohor... | An active lifestyle throughout childhood and adolescence could prevent obesity development in young adulthood. | yes |
26,554,913 | Is increased BST2 expression during simian immunodeficiency virus infection a determinant of disease progression in rhesus monkeys? | {
"contexts": [
"Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2), also known as tetherin, HM1.24 or CD317 represents a type 2 integral membrane protein, which has been described to restrict the production of some enveloped viruses by inhibiting the virus release from the cell surface. This innate antiviral mechanism is... | The detected relationship between BST2 expression and viral load as well as with MX1 indicate a common regulation by the interferon response and suggest rather limited influence of BST2 in vivo on the disease outcome. | no |
26,524,691 | Is gut colonization with methanobrevibacter smithii associated with childhood weight development? | {
"contexts": [
"To prospectively investigate the presence and counts of archaea in feces of 472 children in association with weight development from 6 to 10 years of age.",
"Within the KOALA Birth Cohort Study, a single fecal sample from each child was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction to qu... | Presence and higher counts of M. smithii in the gut of children are associated with higher weight z-scores, higher BMI z-scores, and overweight. | yes |
26,553,747 | Is sequential brief neuropsychological evaluation of migraineurs identical to controls? | {
"contexts": [
"Evidence of attack-related cognitive dysfunction in migraine is growing. Controversy exists on whether cognitive dysfunction, mainly executive, may persist between attacks. Measuring the impact of cognitive function is gaining importance in clinical and research settings in migraine.",
"To co... | Interictal migraineurs and controls performance is identical in a brief cognitive battery focused on executive functions. Repeated applications produced a practice effect that was quantified. | yes |
26,541,514 | Does a transient ischemic environment induce reversible compaction of chromatin? | {
"contexts": [
"Cells detect and adapt to hypoxic and nutritional stress through immediate transcriptional, translational and metabolic responses. The environmental effects of ischemia on chromatin nanostructure were investigated using single molecule localization microscopy of DNA binding dyes and of acetylated... | These studies exemplify the dynamic capacity of chromatin architecture to physically respond to environmental conditions, directly link cellular energy status to chromatin compaction and provide insight into the effect ischemia has on the nuclear architecture of cells. | yes |
26,530,254 | Does a novel aspirin prodrug inhibit NFκB activity and breast cancer stem cell properties? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of cyclooxygenase (COX)/prostaglandin and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) pathways can promote breast tumor initiation, growth, and progression to drug resistance and metastasis. Thus, anti-inflammatory drugs have been widely explored as chemopreventive and antineoplastic agents. Aspirin (ASA... | These results establish GTCpFE as a prototype for novel ASA-and fumarate-based anti-inflammatory drugs that: (i) are capable of targeting CSCs, and (ii) may be developed as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents in breast cancer. | yes |
26,531,006 | Is tRPC1 required for survival and proliferation of cochlear spiral ganglion stem/progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The present studies were designed to test the hypothesis that canonical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) is required for the proliferation of cochlear spiral ganglion stem/progenitor cells (SPCs).",
"TRPC1 were detected and evaluated in postnatal day 1 CBA/CaJ mice pups derived-... | The results suggest that TRPC1 might serve as an essential molecule in regulating the proliferation of spiral ganglion SPCs. | yes |
26,554,822 | Is all that blood is not schistosomiasis : experiences with reagent strip testing for urogenital schistosomiasis with special consideration to very-low prevalence settings? | {
"contexts": [
"Reagent strip testing for microhaematuria has long been used for community diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium. Sensitivities and specificities are reasonable, and hence, microhaematuria can serve as a proxy for S. haematobium infection. However, assessment of test performance in the context of ... | Reagent strip testing for microhaematuria remains a good proxy for urogenital schistosomiasis, but implications of test results and scope of application differ depending on the setting in which reagent strips are employed. In very-low prevalence settings, microhaematuria is an unstable proxy for urogenital schistosomia... | yes |
26,542,246 | Is body mass index associated with higher Gleason score and biochemical recurrence risk following radical prostatectomy in Chinese men : a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study is to investigate whether body mass index (BMI) affected pathological characteristics and biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy in Chinese men.",
"Medical records of 211 Chinese patients who underwent radical prostatectomy between 200... | The present study suggested that higher BMI was an independent risk factor for a higher Gleason score, as well as an independent predictor of BCR after radical prostatectomy in Chinese patients. Meta-analysis of Asian studies also indicated that obese patients, although without statistical significance, might be more l... | yes |
26,526,046 | Does the Natural Time Course of Membrane Alterations During Peritoneal Dialysis be Partly Altered by Peritonitis? | {
"contexts": [
"♦",
"The quality of the peritoneal membrane can deteriorate over time. Exposure to glucose-based dialysis solutions is the most likely culprit. Because peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), distinguishing between the effect of glucose exposure and a possible additi... | On top of the natural course of peritoneal function, peritonitis episodes to some extent influence the time-course of small-solute and fluid transport-especially the transport of solute-free water. Those modifications increase the risk for overhydration. | yes |
26,537,598 | Is radiographic measurement of the posterior femoral offset precise? | {
"contexts": [
"The posterior femoral offset may significantly impact the final flexion range after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of the present study was to compare a conventional, radiologic-based technique with an intra-operative, surgical navigation-based technique for the measurement of posteri... | The conventional radiologic technique for the measurement of the posterior femoral offset cannot be reliably used either for pre-TKA planning of the posterior femoral resection and antero-posterior sizing of the femoral component, or for post-TKA quality control of the reconstruction of the posterior femoral offset. | no |
26,540,738 | Do poor Muscle Strength and Low Physical Activity Are the Most Prevalent Frailty Components in Community-Dwelling Older Adults? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the prevalence of five physical frailty phenotype components and to assess the relationship between them and other clinical factors.",
"A population-based cross-sectional study was performed. Subjects 75 years and older were randomly selected from primary care databases (with sam... | Poor muscle strength was the most prevalent frailty component and was closely associated with physical activity, suggesting that training programs may revert or prevent the frailty process. | yes |
26,537,164 | Does aCL Graft Position affect in Situ Graft Force Following ACL Reconstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between graft placement and in situ graft force after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.",
"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was obtained for twelve human cadaveric knees. The knees, in intact and deficient-ACL states, we... | Anatomic ACL reconstruction exposes grafts to higher loads at lower angles of knee flexion. | yes |
26,526,811 | Does dBD-F induce apoptosis in gastric cancer-derived cells through suppressing HIF2α expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in China. Accumulating evidence indicates that HIF2α may affect the aggressiveness of gastric cancer. It has also been found that HIF2α C-terminal PAS domains can form complexes with inactive benzoxadiazole antagonists. Here, the a... | From our findings we conclude that DBD-F (i) is cytotoxic to gastric cancer-derived cells and (ii) can induce apoptosis in these cells via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. In addition, our findings strongly indicate that DBD-F can inhibit HIF2α expression by affecting the phosphorylation status of MEK/ERK in gastric canc... | yes |
26,535,057 | Does an engineered cryptic Hxt11 sugar transporter facilitate glucose-xylose co-consumption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae? | {
"contexts": [
"The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is unable to ferment pentose sugars like d-xylose. Through the introduction of the respective metabolic pathway, S. cerevisiae is able to ferment xylose but first utilizes d-glucose before the d-xylose can be transported and metabolized. Low affinity d-xylose up... | Hxt11 is a cryptic sugar transporter of S. cerevisiae that previously has not been associated with effective d-xylose transport. Mutagenesis of Hxt11 yielded transporters that show a better affinity for d-xylose as compared to d-glucose while maintaining high transport rates. d-glucose and d-xylose co-consumption is du... | yes |
26,542,584 | Is laparoscopy Safe and Accurate to Evaluate Peritoneal Surface Metastasis Prior to Cytoreductive Surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Completeness of cytoreduction is a significant predictor of long-term outcome after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Imaging has limited sensitivity to identify peritoneal metastases and therefore predict whether complete cytoreduction is possible... | Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe, feasible, and accurate staging tool in patients with suspected peritoneal metastases being considered for CRS. | yes |
26,526,857 | Is highest power magnification with narrow-band imaging useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers? | {
"contexts": [
"Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) is more reliable than chromoendoscopy (CE) for delineating the horizontal extent of early gastric cancers prior to endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). However, the added benefits of ME-NBI over CE in terms of the difference in magnificati... | HM-NBI is useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers, following CE and LM-NBI. | yes |
26,541,708 | Does semaphorin 3a transfection into the left stellate ganglion reduce susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Myocardial infarction (MI) induces neural remodelling of the left stellate ganglion (LSG), which may contribute to ischaemia-induced arrhythmias. The neural chemorepellent Semaphorin 3a (Sema3a) has been identified as a negative regulator of sympathetic innervation in the LSG and heart. We previo... | Semaphorin 3a overexpression in the LSG ameliorates the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias after MI, mainly through attenuation of neural remodelling within the cardiac-neuraxis. | yes |
26,542,423 | Is liposarcomatous differentiation in malignant phyllodes tumours unassociated with MDM2 or CDK4 amplification? | {
"contexts": [
"Breast sarcomas are rare, usually occurring in the setting of malignant phyllodes tumour (MPT). Heterologous differentiation commonly resembles well-differentiated or pleomorphic liposarcoma. In extramammary sites, these subtypes have different biological behaviours and distinct genetic alteratio... | This study examined molecular changes in the well-differentiated liposarcomatous components of MPT. Despite histological similarity to well-differentiated liposarcoma of soft tissues, liposarcomatous differentiation in MPT lacks the molecular phenotype characteristic of extramammary well-differentiated liposarcoma. | yes |
26,547,535 | Does citrus limonoid nomilin inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro by suppression of NFATc1 and MAPK signaling pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Animal experiment studies have revealed a positive association between intake of citrus fruits and bone health. Nomilin, a limonoid present in citrus fruits, is reported to have many biological activities in mammalian systems, but the mechanism of nomilin on bone metabolism regulation is currentl... | This study demonstrates clearly that nomilin has inhibitory effects on osteoclastic differentiation in vitro. These findings indicate that nomilin-containing herbal preparations have potential utility for the prevention of bone metabolic diseases. | yes |
26,552,022 | Does strong Notch activation hinder bevacizumab efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the role of Notch activation in predicting bevacizumab efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC).",
"Notch activation was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on 65 CRC enrolled within randomized clinical trials assessing first-line bevacizumab-based chemotherapy and on 21 CRC treated ... | A potential role of Notch activation in the antitumor activity of bevacizumab could be hypothesized. | yes |
26,552,021 | Does intermittent hypoxia induce disturbances in craniofacial growth and defects in craniofacial morphology? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate intermittent hypoxia (IH) induced changes in craniofacial morphology and bone mineral density (BMD) in the mandible of growing rats.",
"Seven-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to IH for 4 days or 3 weeks. Sham-operated rats simultaneously breathed room air. Lateral... | This study is the first to identify growth retardation of the craniofacial bones in an animal model of sleep apnea. Notably, 3 weeks of IH can induce multiple changes in the bones around the upper airway in pubertal rats, which can enhance upper airway narrowing and the development of OSA. The reproducibility of these ... | yes |
26,550,073 | Does inferior vena cava collapsibility lose correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure? | {
"contexts": [
"Point-of-care ultrasound evaluates inferior vena cava (IVC) and internal jugular vein (IJV) measurements to estimate intravascular volume status. The reliability of the IVC and IJV collapsibility index during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure remains unclear.",
"Three phases of s... | IJV and IVC collapsibility correlated during spontaneous breathing but there was no statistically significant correlation during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. Increased intra-abdominal pressure was associated with a significant smaller maximal IVC diameter and cautions the reliability of IVC diameter ... | yes |
26,546,267 | Does the direction of cross affect [ corrected ] obesity after puberty in male but not female offspring? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated parent-of-origin and allele-specific expression effects on obesity and hepatic gene expression in reciprocal crosses between the Berlin Fat Mouse Inbred line (BFMI) and C57Bl/6NCrl (B6N).",
"We found that F1-males with a BFMI mother developed 1.8 times more fat mass on a high ... | Parent-of-origin effects during gametogenesis and/or fetal development in an obese mother epigenetically modify the transcription of genes that lead to enhanced fatty acid synthesis and impair β-oxidation in the liver of male, but not female F1 offspring. Down-regulation of Peg3 could contribute to trigger this metabol... | yes |
26,537,560 | Do prenatal and postnatal markers of severity in congenital diaphragmatic hernia have similar prognostic ability? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to compare prenatal versus postnatal markers of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) severity at a single fetal-care center.",
"A retrospective study was performed of patients having a complete prenatal evaluation and surgical repair (n = 55). Observed-to-expect... | These data suggest that prenatal evaluation was equivalent to the postnatal diaphragmatic defect classification for predicting survival and need for ECMO in CDH patients. | yes |
26,547,006 | Does autophagy Inhibitor 3-MA weaken Neuroprotective Effects of Posttraumatic Brain Injury Moderate Hypothermia? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of autophagy in moderate hypothermia in posttraumatic brain injury (post-TBI) remains elusive. In this study, we evaluated the protective role of autophagy in post-TBI moderate hypothermia.",
"Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 36/group): TBI with... | Our results suggest that the autophagy pathway is involved in the neuroprotective effect of post-TBI hypothermia and negative modulation of apoptosis may be 1 possible mechanism. | yes |
26,543,099 | Does disruption of Physiological Balance Between Nitric Oxide and Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization impair Cardiovascular Homeostasis in Mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) play important roles in modulating vascular tone in a distinct vessel size-dependent manner; NO plays a dominant role in conduit arteries and EDH in resistance vessels. We have recently demonstrated that endot... | These results indicate that excessive endothelium-derived NO with reduced EDH impairs cardiovascular homeostasis in mice in vivo. | yes |
26,543,090 | Does phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ regulate fungus-induced allergic lung inflammation through endoplasmic reticulum stress? | {
"contexts": [
"Sensitisation with Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) is known to be associated with severe allergic lung inflammation, but the mechanism remains to be clarified. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-δ and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are suggested to be involved in steroid-resistant lung inflammation. ... | These findings suggest that PI3K-δ regulates Af-induced steroid-resistant eosinophilic allergic lung inflammation through ER stress. | yes |
26,546,449 | Does neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus persist despite attenuation of systemic disease in MRL/lpr mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease marked by both B and T cell hyperactivity which commonly affects the joints, skin, kidneys, and brain. Neuropsychiatric disease affects about 40 % of SLE patients, most frequently manifesting as depression, memory deficits, a... | Chimeric MRL/+ → MRL/lpr mice displayed no attenuation of the behavioral phenotype found in MRL/lpr mice, despite normalized serum autoantibodies and conserved renal function. Therefore, neuropsychiatric disease in the MRL/lpr lupus-prone strain of mice can occur absent any major contributions from systemic autoimmunit... | yes |
26,550,164 | Are notch1/3 and p53/p21 a potential therapeutic target for APS-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have shown that Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) can be applied to anti-cancer. However, the mechanism by which APS mediate this effect is unclear. In the present study, APS-mediated NSCLC cell apoptosis was investigated through the regulation of the notch signaling pathway.",
... | This study demonstrated that APS-treated could inhibit proliferation and promote cell apoptosis, at least partially, through suppressing the expression of notch1 and notch3 and up-regulating the expression of tumor suppressors in H460 NSCLC cell lines. | yes |
26,545,849 | Does presence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suspicious Lesion predict Gleason 7 or Greater Prostate Cancer in Biopsy-Naive Patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the relative value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in biopsy-naive patients to those with previous negative biopsy. Although MRI-targeted biopsy has been studied in several major prostate cancer (PCa) cohorts (biopsy naive, previous negative biopsy, and active surveillance), the re... | Prostate MRI should be considered prior to biopsy in all patients presenting with clinical suspicion for PCa, as presence of a MSR will help guide prebiopsy counseling and provide an opportunity for MRI targeting during biopsy. | yes |
26,553,065 | Does a novel two-step genome editing strategy with CRISPR-Cas9 provide new insights into telomerase action and TERT gene expression? | {
"contexts": [
"To facilitate indefinite proliferation, stem cells and most cancer cells require the activity of telomerase, which counteracts the successive shortening of telomeres caused by incomplete DNA replication at the very end of each chromosome. Human telomerase activity is often determined by the expre... | We develop a two-step CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing strategy to introduce precise modifications at the endogenous TERT locus in human cell lines. This method provides a useful tool for studying telomerase biology, and suggests a general approach to edit loci with low targeting efficiency and to purify and visualize low ab... | yes |
26,536,448 | Are variations in the high-mobility group-A2 gene ( HMGA2 ) associated with idiopathic short stature? | {
"contexts": [
"Several association studies confirmed high-mobility group-A2 gene (HMGA2) polymorphisms as the most relevant variants contributing to height variability. Animal models and deletions in humans suggest that alterations of HMGA2 might be relevant in causing short stature. Together, these observation... | Besides the already known role in determining variability in human height, HMGA2 polymorphisms also contribute to susceptibility to ISS. Moreover, we here report the first mutation screening performed in ISS concluding that HMGA2 has not a significant impact on the monogenic form of ISS. | yes |
26,536,445 | Is relatively Large Cervical Spinal Cord for Spinal Canal a Risk factor for Development of Cervical Spinal Cord Compression : A Cross-Sectional Study of 1211 Subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"A cross-sectional study.",
"This study aims to investigate the correlation of the cervical canal and spinal cord size, and evaluate whether the size of the spinal cord relative to the spinal canal is a risk factor for development of cervical spinal cord compression (SCC).",
"There is litt... | The spinal cord diameter was independent of the spinal canal diameter and the relative size of a spinal cord and spinal canal differed on an individual basis. In addition, the ratio of spinal cord/dural sac in subjects with SCC was significantly larger. Therefore, a relatively large spinal cord could be a risk factor f... | yes |
26,552,601 | Are we also interested in how fathers feel : a qualitative exploration of child health center nurses ' recognition of postnatal depression in fathers? | {
"contexts": [
"To become a parent is an emotionally life-changing experience. Paternal depression during the postnatal period has been associated with emotional and behavioral problems in children. The condition has predominantly been related to mothers, and the recognition of paternal postnatal depression (PND... | This study contributes to an increased awareness of hindrances to the recognition of PND in fathers. The importance to detect all signals of paternal health status in fathers suffering from PND needs to be acknowledged. Overall, more attention needs to be paid to PND in fathers where a part of the solution for this is ... | yes |
26,527,512 | Does changing Default Fluoroscopy Equipment Settings decrease Entrance Skin Dose in Patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Proper fluoroscopic education and protocols may reduce the patient radiation dose but few prospective studies in urology have been performed. Using optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters we tested whether fluoroscopy time and/or entrance skin dose would decrease after educational and radiati... | Radiation safety training protocols improved clinical knowledge but did not significantly alter fluoroscopy time. Changing equipment default settings to intermittent pulse rate (12 frames per second) and half-dose lowered the entrance skin dose by 30% across all endourology patients but most significantly during percut... | yes |
26,554,229 | Does monosialotetrahexosylganglioside inhibit the Expression of p-CREB and NR2B in the Auditory Cortex in Rats with Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated the effects of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) on the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) and phosphorylated (p)-cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the auditory cortex of rats with tinnitus.",
"Tinnitus-like behavior ... | These data suggest that chronic salicylate administration induces tinnitus via upregulation of p-CREB and NR2B expression, and that GM1 can potentially be used to treat tinnitus. | yes |
26,524,639 | Does gPR39 activate proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through targeting the PI3K/AKT cell signaling pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"The orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 39 was originally identified as the receptor of obestatin. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of GPR39 on cell proliferation and differentiation were investigated in cultured porcine intramuscular preadipocytes.",
"Morphology of preadipocytes... | It indicated that GPR39 was a transducer of Zn(2+), and enhanced proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. | yes |
26,555,141 | Do composite Measures of Individual and Area-Level Socio-Economic Status Are Associated with Visual Impairment in Singapore? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the independent relationship of individual- and area-level socio-economic status (SES) with the presence and severity of visual impairment (VI) in an Asian population.",
"Cross-sectional data from 9993 Chinese, Malay and Indian adults aged 40-80 years who participated in the Si... | In this community-based sample of Asian adults, both individual- and area-level SES were independently associated with the presence and severity of VI. | yes |
26,555,148 | Does neuromuscular electrical stimulation-assisted gait increase muscle strength and volume in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) applied to the ankle dorsiflexors during gait improves muscle volume and strength in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP).",
"Thirty-two children (15 females, 17 males; mean age 10y 8mo, age range 5y 5mo-18y 1mo) with... | Eight weeks of daily NMES-assisted gait increases muscle volume and strength of the stimulated ankle dorsiflexors in children with unilateral spastic CP. These changes are use-dependent and do not carry over after the 8-week treatment period. Gastrocnemius volume also increased post-treatment with carryover at week 14. | yes |
26,528,235 | Do a Thalamic-Fronto-Parietal Structural Covariance Network Emerging in the Course of Recovery from Hand Paresis after Ischemic Stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe structural covariance networks of gray matter volume (GMV) change in 28 patients with first-ever stroke to the primary sensorimotor cortices, and to investigate their relationship to hand function recovery and local GMV change.",
"Tensor-based morphometry maps derived from high-re... | Chronic phase of sensorimotor cortical stroke has been characterized by a large scale co-varying structural network in the ipsilesional hemisphere associated specifically with sensorimotor hand skill. Its expression is related to GMV increase of md thalamus, one constituent of the network, and correlated with the corti... | yes |
26,545,343 | Is immediate post-traumatic pulmonary embolism associated with right ventricular dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Post-traumatic pulmonary embolic events are associated with significant morbidity. Computed tomographic (CT) measurements can be predictive of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction after pulmonary embolus. However, it remains unclear whether these physiologic effects or clinical outcomes differ betw... | Early post-traumatic PE appears to be associated with fewer RV physiologic changes than late post-traumatic PE and may be representative of primary pulmonary thrombosis. It remains to be seen whether early CT findings of PE should be managed according to previously established guidelines for embolic disease. | no |
26,542,693 | Do integrative Mouse and Human Studies Implicate ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C as Susceptibility Genes to Ischemic Injury? | {
"contexts": [
"The extent of ischemic injury in response to cerebral ischemia is known to be affected by native vasculature. However, the nonvascular and dynamic vascular responses and their genetic basis are not well understood.",
"We performed a genome-wide association study in 235 mice from 33 inbred str... | Genetic variations of ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C are associated with increased infarct size in both mice and humans. ZBTB7C may modulate the ischemic response via neuronal apoptosis and dynamic collateralization and, in addition to ANGPT1, may serve as potential novel targets for treatments of cerebral ischemia. | yes |
26,527,820 | Is anti-HIV-1 activity determined by β-galactosidase activity in the multinuclear activation of an indicator assay comparable with that by a conventional focus counting method? | {
"contexts": [
"Direct comparison of enzymatic and original blue cell-counting detections with the multinuclear activation of an indicator (MAGI) cells, so far, remains to be performed in parallel. Although inhibitors for reverse transcription solely inhibit the reverse transcription step, those for HIV-1 entry ... | Antiviral activities of inhibitors for entry obtained from both enzymatic and counting methods appear to be comparable, even in infection of a highly syncytia inducible HIV-1IIIB strain. | yes |
26,549,593 | Is overexpression of miR-210 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"MicroRNAs play important roles in regulation of the initiation and progression of AML. MiR-210 is closely related with cancer development; however, whether miR-210 expression level correlates with clinical correlation in AML is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential... | MiR-210 up-regulation was associated with poor prognosis in AML and it might be useful as a marker for predicting the clinical outcome of AML patients. | yes |
26,525,527 | Do influence of the Number of Predicted Words on Text Input Speed in Participants With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether the number of words displayed in the word prediction software (WPS) list affects text input speed (TIS) in people with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), and whether any influence is dependent on the level of the lesion.",
"A cross-sectional trial.",
"A rehabilitation... | For persons with low-cervical SCI, a small number of words should be displayed, or WPS should not be used at all. For persons with high-cervical SCI, a larger number of words displayed increases the comfort of use of WPS. | yes |
26,534,998 | Does fEV1/FEV6 in Primary Care be a Reliable and Easy Method for the Diagnosis of COPD? | {
"contexts": [
"FEV6 can be used as a convenient alternative to FVC. The aim of this study was to determine an alternative to the fixed cutoff points of FEV1/FVC <0.70 suitable for FEV1/FEV6 in primary care.",
"Pulmonary function testing was conducted on volunteers recruited from 4 community centers in Xi'an... | FEV1/FEV6 <0.72 can be used in primary care as a valid alternative to FEV1/FVC <0.70 as a fixed cutoff point for the detection of COPD in adults. This study suggests that FEV1/FEV6 is an effective and well validated option that should be used in primary care to detect COPD, which is a rampant problem. | yes |
26,547,796 | Are myopia and/or longer axial length protective against diabetic retinopathy : a meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the current evidence of the relationship between myopia, together with its structural and refractive component, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) risk.",
"A systematic search was performed up to April, 2015. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated ... | This meta-analysis suggests that both myopic refraction and longer AL are associated with a lower risk of DR. Further studies are needed to determine exact mechanisms underpinning the protective effect of myopia against DR. | yes |
26,524,412 | Does acid ceramidase treatment enhance the outcome of autologous chondrocyte implantation in a rat osteochondral defect model? | {
"contexts": [
"The overall aim of this study was to evaluate how supplementation of chondrocyte media with recombinant acid ceramidase (rhAC) influenced cartilage repair in a rat osteochondral defect model.",
"Primary chondrocytes were grown as monolayers in polystyrene culture dishes with and without rhAC ... | The results further demonstrate the positive effects of rhAC treatment on chondrocyte growth and phenotype in vitro, and reveal for the first time the in vivo effects of the treated cells on cartilage repair. | yes |
26,539,661 | Does maternal high-fat hypercaloric diet during pregnancy result in persistent metabolic and respiratory abnormalities in offspring? | {
"contexts": [
"We have shown in a previous population-based study significant correlation between childhood asthma and early abnormalities of lipid and glucose metabolism. This study's specific aim was to determine whether maternal nutrition in pregnancy affects postnatal metabolic and respiratory outcomes in t... | Maternal nutrition in pregnancy is a critical determinant of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in offspring and also increases risk for bronchiolitis independent from prepregnancy nutrition. | yes |
26,543,894 | Does substance P mediate pro-inflammatory cytokine release form mesenteric adipocytes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Substance P (SP), neurokinin-1 receptors (NK-1Rs) are expressed in mesenteric preadipocytes and SP binding activates proinflammatory signalling in these cells. We evaluated the expression levels of SP (Tac-1), NK-1R (Tacr-1), and NK-2R (Tacr-2) mRNA in preadipocytes isolated from patients with In... | Preadipocyte SP-NK-1R interactions during IBD may participate in IBD pathophysiology. The ability of human preadipocytes to release IL-17A in response to SP together with increased IL-17A receptor in IBD colon opens the possibility of a fat-colonic mucosa inflammatory loop that may be active during IBD. | yes |
26,526,052 | Is beta-blocker use associated with lower stroke and death after carotid artery stenting? | {
"contexts": [
"Proper selection of patients for carotid artery stenting (CAS) remains controversial despite multiple controlled trials. This relates in part to differences in interpretation of the relative importance of myocardial vs stroke complications after the procedure by different specialties and a lack o... | Postprocedural hypertension and hypotension that require treatment are both strongly associated with periprocedural stroke/death after CAS. Beta blockers significantly reduce the stroke/death risk associated with carotid stenting and should be investigated prospectively for potential use during CAS. | yes |
26,531,283 | Does atorvastatin improve cardiac function of rats with chronic cardiac failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release? | {
"contexts": [
"To discuss the protective mechanisms of atorvastatin treatment for isoproterenol (ISO)-induced chronic heart failure.",
"The rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (n = 15, age-matched normal adult rats), ISO group (n = 11, ISO induced heart failure) and atorvastatin group... | Atorvastatin may improve cardiac function of rats with heart failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release. | yes |
26,552,935 | Is insomnia associated with suicide attempt in middle-aged and older adults with depression? | {
"contexts": [
"Insomnia increases in prevalence with age, is strongly associated with depression, and has been identified as a risk factor for suicide in several studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether insomnia severity varies between those who have attempted suicide (n = 72), those who only con... | Our results suggest that insomnia may be more strongly associated with suicidal behavior than with the presence of suicidal thoughts alone. Accordingly, insomnia is a potential treatment target for reducing suicide risk in middle-aged and older adults. | yes |
26,552,939 | Do increased homocysteine levels exist in women with preeclampsia from early pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"The present prospective study examines the levels of maternal plasma folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine in normotensive control (NC) women and women with preeclampsia (PE) from early pregnancy till delivery.",
"The present study includes 126 NC and 62 PE women. Maternal blood was collected ... | Our results indicate that higher homocysteine levels exist in women with PE from early pregnancy and continue till delivery. | yes |
26,528,017 | Is small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Associated with Intestinal Inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is encountered in bowel disorders, including irritable bowel symptoms. Low degrees of inflammation have been recently reported in the irritable bowel syndrome. We looked for the association between intestinal inflammation and small intestinal bacterial overgr... | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is present in almost one quarter of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. It is significantly associated with intestinal inflammation. | yes |
26,531,125 | Is detection of anal dysplasia enhanced by narrow band imaging and acetic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"Anal intraepithelial neoplasia precedes the development of anal squamous cell carcinoma. Detection of the lesion is essential to management. This paper describes a prospective study to detect and ablate anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) using white light narrow band imaging (NBI) and N... | Anal SIL in the anal transitional zone and anal canal can be identified by NBIA. Patient selection influences findings. Limitations include small sample size and non-randomization. | yes |
26,531,129 | Does the renin-angiotensin system promote arrhythmogenic substrates and lethal arrhythmias in mice with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"The progression of pathological left ventricular remodelling leads to cardiac dysfunction and contributes to the occurrence of malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, however. Our aim was to examine the role of the renin-angiotensin syst... | Renin inhibition or genetic deletion of AT1aR suppresses pathological cardiac remodelling that leads to the generation of substrates maintaining VT/VF and reduces the occurrence of sudden death in dnNRSF-Tg mice. These findings demonstrate the significant contribution of RAS activation to the progression of arrhythmoge... | yes |
26,546,618 | Do combined Tumor Suppressor Defects Characterize Clinically Defined Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers? | {
"contexts": [
"Morphologically heterogeneous prostate cancers that behave clinically like small-cell prostate cancers (SCPC) share their chemotherapy responsiveness. We asked whether these clinically defined, morphologically diverse, \"aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC)\" also share molecular features wi... | Clinically defined AVPC share molecular features with SCPC and are characterized by combined alterations in RB1, Tp53, and/or PTEN. | yes |
26,542,439 | Does aggressive Aortic Arch and Carotid Replacement Strategy for Type A Aortic Dissection improve Neurologic Outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"International registries for acute type A aortic dissection (TAAD) demonstrate stagnant operative mortality rates in excess of 20% and stroke rates of 9% to 25%, with little global emphasis on stroke reduction or carotid involvement. Cerebral malperfusion with TAAD has been linked to poorer outco... | An algorithmic approach to TAAD including (1) rapid transport-to-incision-to-cardiopulmonary bypass established centrally, (2) neurocerebral monitoring, (3) liberal use of total arch replacement for clearly defined indications (and hemiarch for all others), and (4) common carotid arterial replacement for concomitant ca... | yes |
26,526,450 | Does karyopherin Alpha 2 promote the Inflammatory Response in Rat Pancreatic Acinar Cells Via Facilitating NF-κB Activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators have been considered as major events of acute pancreatitis (AP). Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2), a member of the importin α family, reportedly modulates p65 subcellular localization.",
"This study aimed to ... | KPNA2-facilitated p65 nuclear translocation promotes NF-κB activation and inflammation in acute pancreatitis. | yes |
26,547,466 | Does prevalence and correlate of Myocardial Scar in a US Cohort? | {
"contexts": [
"Myocardial scarring leads to cardiac dysfunction and poor prognosis. The prevalence of and factors associated with unrecognized myocardial infarction and scar have not been previously defined using contemporary methods in a multiethnic US population.",
"To determine prevalence of and factors ... | The prevalence of myocardial scars in a US community-based multiethnic cohort was 7.9%, of which 78% were unrecognized by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical consequences of these undetected scars. | yes |
26,530,930 | Is radiologic evidence that hypothalamic gliosis associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"To use quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test whether mediobasal hypothalamic (MBH) gliosis is associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans.",
"Sixty-seven participants underwent a fasting blood draw and MRI. Cases with radiologic evidence of MBH gliosis (N = 22) we... | These findings link hypothalamic gliosis to insulin resistance in humans and suggest that the link is independent of the level of adiposity. | yes |
26,537,299 | Does sERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism contribute to sepsis risk and mortality? | {
"contexts": [
"The present meta-analysis aimed to investigate whether there is an association between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and sepsis risk and mortality.",
"Published reports were searched in PubMed, PubMed Central, Gene, PubChem and Google Scholar. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confide... | In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that there are significant associations between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and risk of sepsis and sepsis mortality. | yes |
26,552,196 | Do the reasons students choose to undertake a nursing degree? | {
"contexts": [
"Determining the reasons people choose to study nursing may help educators and managers develop student-focussed and enticing nursing programmes. In Australia, little research has been undertaken with students entering nursing programmes and the reasons for their choice.",
"The aim of this stu... | Nursing remains a career of choice for young and mature students entering university. It is seen to provide security, interest and opportunity to help and care for others. Universities must focus on this as they develop programmes for a generation where multiple changes of career appear inevitable during their lifetime... | yes |
26,551,031 | Do treatment of Renal Stones ≥20 mm with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify subgroups of patients with renal stones ≥20 mm that are more suitable for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) monotherapy.",
"A total of 376 patients with renal stones ≥20 mm underwent monotherapy with ESWL. The treatment outcome was evaluated after 3 months of follow-up.... | For renal stones with a surface area ≤400 mm2 and a radiodensity equal to or less than that of the 12th rib as determined by a KUB film, ESWL may be considered the first line of treatment, even for stones with a diameter ≥20 mm. For large stones requiring repeat treatments, the surface area of the residual stones after... | yes |
26,526,082 | Are colonic Diverticula Associated With an Increased Risk of Colorectal Adenomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with missed colorectal cancer have been reported to be more likely to have colonic diverticulosis. Such an association could be due to either higher risk of neoplasia or difficulty examining the colon in patients with diverticulosis. The aim of this study was to determine whether colonic... | Patients with colonic diverticula do not have an increased risk of colorectal adenomas or advanced adenomas. | no |
26,554,404 | Does the ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor PF-06463922 overcome Primary Resistance to Crizotinib in ALK-Driven Neuroblastoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Neuroblastomas harboring activating point mutations in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) are differentially sensitive to the ALK inhibitor crizotinib, with certain mutations conferring intrinsic crizotinib resistance. To overcome this clinical obstacle, our goal was to identify inhibitors with imp... | The next-generation ALK/ROS1 inhibitor PF-06463922 exerts unparalleled activity in ALK-driven neuroblastoma models with primary crizotinib resistance. Our biochemical and in vivo data provide the preclinical rationale for fast-tracking the development of this agent in children with relapsed/refractory ALK-mutant neurob... | yes |
26,545,014 | Does plasmalogen modulation attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously reported a negative association of circulating plasmalogens (phospholipids with proposed atheroprotective properties) with coronary artery disease. Plasmalogen modulation was previously demonstrated in animals but its effect on atherosclerosis was unknown. We assessed the effect of ... | Plasmalogen enrichment via batyl alcohol supplementation attenuated atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice, with a greater effect in the latter group. Plasmalogen enrichment may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to prevent atherosclerosis and reduce cardiovascular disease risk, particularly under c... | yes |
26,541,277 | Do the synergistic effects of shear stress and cyclic hydrostatic pressure modulate chondrogenic induction of human mesenchymal stem cells? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study, we examined chondrogenic regulation of 2 types of mesenchymal stem cells seeded on the bioengineered substrate in monolayer cultures under mechanically defined conditions to mimic the in vivo microenvironment of chondrocytes within articular cartilage tissues.",
"Human adipose-... | Differentiation of ASCs was shown by a modest increase in gene expression profiles. In general, BSCs expressed higher levels of chondrogenic gene expression than ASCs after 3 weeks. A greater effect on Col II and SOX9 mRNA expression was observed when combined loadings were applied. Results may be applied in determinin... | yes |
26,541,276 | Does tNF-α suppression and osteoprotegerin overexpression inhibit wear debris-induced inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Periprosthetic osteolysis, involving RANK/RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) and TNF-α/NFκB signaling, contributes to bone resorption and inflammation. We constructed lentivirus vectors to inhibit TNF-α and enhance OPG expression and assessed their impacts on wear debris-induced inflammation and osteocl... | Lenti-siTNFα-OPG can inhibit the wear debris-induced inflammatory responses and osteoclastogenesis in vitro, and may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of wear particle-induced osteolysis. | yes |
26,542,198 | Is a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the serotonin release assay equivalent to the radioactive method? | {
"contexts": [
"The serotonin release assay (SRA) is considered the gold standard laboratory test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). The historic SRA method uses platelets loaded with radiolabeled serotonin to evaluate platelet activation by HIT immune complexes. However, a nonradioactive method is desi... | The HPLC-SRA has robust performance characteristics, equivalent to the historic radioactive method, but avoids the complexities of working with radioactivity. | yes |
26,549,988 | Does cFTR Knockdown induce proinflammatory changes in intestinal epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperinflammation is a hallmark feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. However, inflammation has also been documented systemically and, more recently, in extrapulmonary CF-affected tissues such as the pancreas and intestine. The pathogenesis of CF-related inflammation and more specifically the ... | Collectively, these data underscore the role played by CFTR in regulating the intestinal inflammatory responses. Such findings lend support to the theory that CFTR exerts functions that may go beyond its role as a chloride channel whereby its disruption may prevent cells to optimally respond to exogenous or endogenous ... | yes |
26,546,456 | Are sarcopenia and inflammation independent predictors of survival in male patients newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Sarcopenia is suggested to be associated with cancer-related inflammation. We assessed the clinical outcome of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients according to sarcopenia and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR).",
"A total of 117 male SCLC patients treated with first-line chemo- or ch... | In SCLC, sarcopenic male patients with high NLR have a poor prognosis and do not tolerate standard treatment. Intensive supportive care is needed in these patients. | yes |
26,534,974 | Does matrix Metalloproteinase-12 induce Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Focal Cerebral Ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a central role in compromising the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The role of MMP-12 in brain damage after ischemic stroke remains unknown. The main objective of the current study is to investigate the effect of MMP-12 suppression at an early tim... | These results demonstrate the adverse role of MMP-12 in acute brain damage that occurs after ischemic stroke and, thereby, suggesting that MMP-12 suppression could be a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia. | yes |
26,536,020 | Does rotigotine Transdermal Patch Make Parkinson Disease Patients Sleepy During Daytime? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess quantitatively the influence of rotigotine transdermal patch on daytime sleepiness, the most common adverse event by non-ergot dopamine agonists (DAs), in Parkinson disease (PD) patients.",
"An open-label study enrolled PD patients with unsatisfactory control of motor symptoms. Trea... | Twenty four-hour transdermal delivery of rotigotine at doses up to 8 mg/24 hours does not worsen the daytime sleepiness in PD patients and often improves it when switched from other non-ergot DAs. This is achieved together with satisfactory improvement in motor symptoms, demonstrating that this new modality of non-ergo... | no |
26,554,714 | Are plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control? | {
"contexts": [
"After ingestion of phosphatidylcholine, l-carnitine or betaine, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is formed by gut microbiota and liver enzymes. Elevated TMAO plasma levels were associated with increased cardiovascular risk and other diseases. Also betaine and choline itself were recently associated ... | Plasma levels of TMAO are confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control but are not associated with the history, presence or incidence of symptoms or events of coronary heart disease. | yes |
26,525,655 | Does deep brain stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex cause reorganization of neuronal processes and vasculature? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic high-frequency electrical deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subcallosal cingulate region is currently being investigated clinically as a therapy for treatment of refractory depression. Experimental DBS of the homologous region, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), in rodent model... | Our work demonstrates that DBS not only works by altering function with neural circuits, but also by structurally altering circuits at the cellular level. Neuroplastic alterations may play a role in mediating the clinical efficacy of DBS therapy. | yes |
26,549,874 | Does the structure of Resuscitation promoting factor B from M. tuberculosis reveal unexpected ubiquitin-like domains? | {
"contexts": [
"RpfB is a key factor in resuscitation from dormancy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This protein is a cell-wall glycosidase, which cleaves cell-wall peptidoglycan. RpfB is structurally complex and is composed of three types of domains, including a catalytic, a G5 and three DUF348 domains. Structur... | The crystal structure of RpfB3D provides the first structural characterization of a DUF348 domain and revealed an unexpected structural relationship with ubiquitin. The crystal structure also provides specific structural features of these domains explaining their frequent association with G5 domains. | yes |
26,555,131 | Do serotoninergic antidepressants positively affect platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies have demonstrated a decreased platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), classifying this protein as a blood-based AD biomarker. About 50% of the patients with AD are diagnosed with depression, which is commonly treated with tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepress... | More studies on the positive effects of serotonergic antidepressants on ADAM10 platelet expression should be performed in order to understand its biological mechanisms and to verify whether these effects are reflected in the central nervous system. This work represents an important advance for the study of AD biomarker... | yes |
26,537,812 | Do male and female runners demonstrate different sagittal plane mechanics as a function of static hamstring flexibility? | {
"contexts": [
"Injuries to runners are common. However, there are many potential contributing factors to injury. While lack of flexibility alone is commonly related to injury, there are clear differences in hamstring flexibility between males and females.",
"To compare the effect of static hamstring length ... | Hamstring flexibility results in different mechanical profiles in males and females. Flexibility in the hamstrings may result in decreased moments via active or passive tension. These differences may have implications for performance and injury in flexible female runners. | yes |
26,536,844 | Does miR-27 impair the adipogenic lineage commitment via targeting lysyl oxidase? | {
"contexts": [
"The recruitment and commitment of mesenchymal stem cells and their terminal differentiation into adipocytes are the main pathways for increasing adipocyte cell numbers during obesity. Our previous studies have shown that lysyl oxidase (Lox) is upregulated and functions as an essential factor duri... | Taken together, these results suggest a novel role for miR-27 in repressing adipogenic lineage commitment by targeting Lox. | yes |
26,529,455 | Do normal limits for serum thyrotropin vary greatly depending on method? | {
"contexts": [
"Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels within populations do not follow Gaussian distribution, and normal limits are derived after mathematical normalization. The clinical relevance of these limits is unknown. The objective of this study was to compare upper and lower TSH limits by four data no... | Different normalization methods alter the normal limits greatly. However, in individuals without thyroid illness, thyroid hormone values are stable over a wide range of TSH levels including beyond the UNL for all methods. Indeed, there may be no true universal upper TSH cut-off level and clinical decision-making cannot... | yes |
26,529,456 | Is breast reconstruction with the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap a reliable alternative in slim patients? | {
"contexts": [
"For slim patients eligible to breast reconstruction, clinical concerns exist on availability of adequate amount of donor tissue to restore breast volume and challenges in donor-site closure, when using the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. The purpose of the current study is to ana... | The DIEP flap provides adequate volume for unilateral breast reconstruction in slim patients, both in immediate and delayed settings. However, in delayed reconstructions slim patients need to be informed about the increased risk of donor-site complications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:552-558, 2016. | yes |
26,542,822 | Does distance to Thrombus in Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion predict Target Mismatch and Ischemic Penumbra? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) treated by intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), the distance to thrombus (DT) has been proposed as a predictor of outcome. The purpose of the present study was to investigate how DT relates to dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion metr... | DT correlates inversely with Tmax perfusion deficits and mismatch volumes and acts as an independent predictor of target mismatch. | yes |
26,539,938 | Do primary and Revision Posterior Lumbar Fusion Have Similar Short-Term Complication Rates? | {
"contexts": [
"Retrospective cohort study.",
"To compare short-term morbidity for primary and revision posterior lumbar fusions.",
"Revision lumbar fusions are unfortunately relatively common. Previous studies have described an increased risk of postoperative complications after revision lumbar fusion; ... | This study suggests that revision posterior lumbar fusion does not carry significantly increased risk of complications or readmission compared with a primary posterior lumbar fusion. Patients undergoing revision surgery were more likely to receive a blood transfusion. This information suggests that general health risk ... | yes |
26,552,750 | Do chemotherapeutic agents attenuate CXCL12-mediated migration of colon cancer cells by selecting for CXCR4-negative cells and increasing peptidase CD26? | {
"contexts": [
"Recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) may arise due to the persistence of drug-resistant and cancer-initiating cells that survive exposure to chemotherapy. Proteins responsible for this recurrence include the chemokine receptor CXCR4, which is known to enable CRC metastasis, as well as the cancer... | Our results indicate that conventional anticancer agents may act to inhibit chemokine-mediated migration through eradication of CXCR4+ cells and attenuation of chemokine gradients through elevation of CD26 activity. | yes |
26,528,588 | Do ficus religiosa L. bark extracts inhibit human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Ficus religiosa L. is one of the most relevant members of the family of Moraceae. It is the most sacred tree of South Asia, and it is used in traditional Ayurvedic and Unani medicine to cure respiratory disorders like cough, wheezing and asthma. Some studies were performed to investigate the anti... | The results of the present study demonstrate that F. religiosa L. is endowed with antiviral activity against RSV and HRV in vitro. Further work remains to be done to identify the active components and to assess the therapeutic potential in vivo. | yes |
26,539,920 | Does recent developments in electronic alert for acute kidney injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Efforts to improve outcomes from acute kidney injury (AKI) have focussed on timely diagnosis and effective delivery of basic patient care. Electronic alerts (e-alerts) for AKI have attracted interest as a tool to facilitate this. Initial feasibility has already been demonstrated; this review will... | As e-alerts gain popularity, consideration must be given to both the method of AKI detection and the method by which results are communicated to end-users; these aspects influence the degree of these systems' effectiveness. This approach should be coupled to further work to study the effect on patient outcomes of those... | yes |
26,537,370 | Do high Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for periodontal disease and affects various cellular functions. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) play an important role in periodontal tissue regeneration; however, the effect of hyperglycemia on PDLSCs is unclear. The aim of this study is to ... | The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation. | yes |
26,547,529 | Does ethanolic Ginkgo biloba leaf extract prevent renal fibrosis through Akt/mTOR signaling in diabetic nephropathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves (GbE) have become widely known phytomedicines and have shown various pharmacological activities, including improvement of blood circulation, protection of oxidative cell damage, prevention of Alzheimer's disease, treatment of cardiovascular disease and di... | GbE can prevent renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy, which is most likely to be associated with its abilities to inhibit the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. | yes |
26,526,028 | Does p15 ( INK4b ) regulate cell cycle signaling in hippocampal astrocytes of aged rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p15(INK4b) is thought to be an important player in regulating astrocytic cell cycle. However, little is known with regard to the expression of p15(INK4b) and its function in hippocampal astrocytes. This study evaluated the expression of p15(INK4b) and its functio... | These observations suggest p15(INK4b) is expressed at a steady level in neonatal and adult rat hippocampal astrocytes with no effect on cell cycle regulation. Importantly, aged astrocyte cell cycle regulation was significantly affected by high expression levels of p15(INK4b) suggesting a role for p15(INK4b) in cell cyc... | yes |
26,542,369 | Are ovarian stem cells always accompanied by very small embryonic-like stem cells in adult mammalian ovary? | {
"contexts": [
"Existing dogma that a female is born with fixed number of eggs was challenged by the detection of stem cells in adult mammalian ovary. Data has accumulated in support of ovarian stem cells (OSCs) proliferation, maintenance in culture, formation of germ cell nests and differentiation into oocytes ... | VSELs have remained poorly studied till now because of their very small size and rare occurrence. Spinning cells obtained after enzymatic digestion of ovarian tissue at a speed of 1000G (rather than 1200 rpm) throughout processing allows reliable detection of the VSELs by flow cytometry. VSELs exist in aged, chemoablat... | yes |
26,529,632 | Does asfotase Alfa Treatment improve Survival for Perinatal and Infantile Hypophosphatasia? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inborn error of metabolism that, in its most severe perinatal and infantile forms, results in 50-100% mortality, typically from respiratory complications.",
"Our objective was to better understand the effect of treatment with asfotase alfa, a first-in-class enzyme... | Asfotase alfa mineralizes the HPP skeleton, including the ribs, and improves respiratory function and survival in life-threatening perinatal and infantile HPP. | yes |
26,553,542 | Is a gain-of-function mutation in the cardiac pacemaker HCN4 channel increasing cAMP sensitivity associated with familial Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia? | {
"contexts": [
"Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia (IST), a syndrome characterized by abnormally fast sinus rates and multisystem symptoms, is still poorly understood. Because of the relevance of HCN4 channels to pacemaker activity, we used a candidate-gene approach and screened IST patients for the presence of dis... | This is the first report of a gain-of-function HCN4 mutation associated with IST through increased sensitivity to cAMP-dependent activation. | yes |
26,537,144 | Are standardized clinical pathways for esophagectomy a reality in Brazil , even with a high prevalence of esophageal cancer and achalasia? | {
"contexts": [
"The adoption of standardized protocols and specialized multidisciplinary teams for esophagectomy involve changes in routines with the implantation of expensive clinical practices and deviations from ingrained treatment philosophies.",
"To evaluate the prevalence of standardized protocols and ... | The prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized teams is very low in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The presence of specialized surgeons is a reality and standardized protocols related directly to surgeons have higher frequency than those related to other professionals in the multidisciplinary team. | no |
26,548,933 | Do rabbit nucleus pulposus cells facilitate differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into nucleus pulposus-like cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the feasibility of inducing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs).",
"ADSCs were isolated from rabbit while NPCs were isolated from an allogeneic rabbit. NPCs were co-cultured with the 3rd generation ADSCs in co-cultured system. Only NPCs were cult... | In some condition, ADSCs have the potency to differentiate toward nucleus pulposus-like cells. ADSCs are better seed cells for tissue engineering of artificial nucleus pulposus. | yes |
26,550,690 | Are c-termini essential and distinct for nucleic acid binding of human NABP1 and NABP2? | {
"contexts": [
"Human Nucleic Acid Binding Protein 1 and 2 (hNABP1 and 2; also known as hSSB2 and 1, respectively) are two newly identified single-stranded (ss) DNA binding proteins (SSB). Both NABP1 and NABP2 have a conserved oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB)-fold domain and a divergent carboxy-termi... | Biochemical evidence suggests that the C-terminal region of NABP1 and NABP2 is essential for their functionality and may lead to different roles in DNA and RNA metabolism. | yes |
26,526,116 | Is the localisation of the apical Par/Cdc42 polarity module specifically affected in microvillus inclusion disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is a genetic disorder affecting intestinal absorption. It is caused by mutations in MYO5B or syntaxin 3 (STX3) affecting apical membrane trafficking. Morphologically, MVID is characterised by a depletion of apical microvilli and the formation of microvillus in... | Our findings indicate that the loss of Myo5B induces a strong loss of enterocyte polarity, potentially leading to polarity inversion. | yes |
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