pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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19,551,145 | Does raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein protect cells against locostatin-mediated inhibition of migration? | {
"contexts": [
"Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP, also PEBP1), a member of the Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein family, negatively regulates growth factor signaling by the Raf/MAP kinase pathway. Since an organic compound, locostatin, was reported to bind RKIP and inhibit cell migration by a Raf-depen... | These results suggest that locostatin's effects on cytoskeletal structure and migration are caused through mechanisms independent of its binding to RKIP and Raf/MAP kinase signaling. The protective effect of RKIP against drug inhibition of migration suggests a new role for RKIP in potentially sequestering toxic compoun... | yes |
19,560,081 | Are reactive oxidative metabolites associated with atrial conduction disturbance in patients with atrial fibrillation? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxidative stress is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, little is known about the relationship between serum markers of oxidation and electrical activity in patients with AF.",
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible association between serum markers of react... | Serum markers of oxidative stress reflect atrial conduction disturbance and predict AF recurrence after RF catheter ablation in paroxysmal AF patients. DROM could serve as a biomarker for predicting risk of AF recurrence after RF catheter ablation. | yes |
19,559,690 | Is lymphocyte transformation test helpful for the diagnosis of methotrexate-induced pneumonitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"The pathophysiology underlying methotrexate (MTX)-induced pneumonitis has been considered as a hypersensitive reaction. The lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) is frequently used to detect hypersensitivity. Whereas previous reports have proposed that the LTT is not ideal to detect hypersensitivi... | LTT with MTX in RA patients is not appropriate to detect MTX-induced pneumonitis. | no |
19,559,691 | Is quantitative UPLC-MS/MS analysis of underivatised amino acids in body fluids a reliable tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with inborn errors of metabolism? | {
"contexts": [
"An electro-spray ionisation ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) application for the quantitative analysis of amino acids was developed. The suitability for the detection and follow-up of patients suffering from inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) was assess... | UPLC-MS/MS analysis of amino acids in body fluids is rapid, reliable and suitable for the diagnosis and follow-up patients with IEM. | yes |
19,558,891 | Does [ Edaravone protect hearing from acute acoustic trauma in guinea pigs ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether the free radical scavenger, edaravone, could provide protection from oxidative stress and hearing loss induced by noise exposure.",
"Forty-eight guinea pigs were divided into six groups and exposure to a stationary noise at 125 dB SPL for 2 h only once. Group A: measured hea... | The level of ROS in cochlea were decreased significantly after intratympanic edaravone injection. The mechanism may due to its effective clearance of the ROS in cochlea. | yes |
19,564,722 | Does increased ratio of mRNA expression of the genes CYP17 and CYP11B1 indicate autonomous cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Due to increased use of imaging techniques, adrenal incidentalomas are frequently detected. The majority are non-hyperfunctioning adrenocortical tumors. We have previously shown that expression of the gene CYP17, coding for the enzyme in the cortisol pathway, correlates with cortisol release from... | The ratio between the expression of the genes CYP17 and CYP11B1 in tumors from patients with Cushing's syndrome is significantly higher than in the non-hyperfunctioning tumors. This indicates that 17alpha-hydroxylase is a major determinant of cortisol overproduction. The patients with subclinical Cushing's syndrome in ... | yes |
19,561,377 | Does ganoderma lucidum induce the expression of CD40/CD86 on peripheral blood monocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"The major immuno-modulating effects of Ganoderma lucidum include mitogenicity and activation of immune effector cells such as T cells, macrophages and natural killer cells resulting in the production of cytokines.",
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of CD40 and CD80 by... | G. lucidum enhanced the expression of CD40 and CD80 molecules on peripheral blood monocytic cells derived from both sexes in a dose-dependent manner, with a preferential higher effect on cells obtained from female donors. | yes |
19,567,793 | Does usability testing found problems for novice users of pediatric portals? | {
"contexts": [
"Patient portals may improve pediatric chronic disease outcomes, but few have been rigorously evaluated for usability by parents. Using scenario-based testing with think-aloud protocols, we evaluated the usability of portals for parents of children with cystic fibrosis, diabetes or arthritis. DESI... | Despite parental involvement and prior heuristic testing, scenario-based testing demonstrated difficulties in navigation, medical language complexity, error recovery, and provider-based organizational schema. While such usability testing can be expensive, the current study demonstrates that it can assist in making heal... | yes |
19,564,269 | Are nocturnal enuresis and overweight associated with obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to examine the relationship of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), body weight (BMI percentage [BMI%]), and monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) in children.",
"A case-control study design was used. All children were 5 to 15 years of age; case patients were recr... | Overweight and MNE are associated with OSA but not with each other. OSA should be considered in overweight children with MNE, especially when they display other symptoms of OSA or fail to respond to standard MNE treatment programs. | yes |
19,541,010 | Does nonresponse to pre-operative chemotherapy preclude long-term survival after liver resection in patients with colorectal liver metastases? | {
"contexts": [
"Liver resection is the only curative treatment offering a chance of long-term survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRM). Recent data indicated that liver resection in patients with tumor progression while receiving chemotherapy was associated with poor outcome. The aim of the st... | Liver resection offers a long-term survival benefit for patients with CRM, even when tumor growth proceeds during pre-operative chemotherapy. | no |
19,542,532 | Does palliative sedation therapy hasten death : results from a prospective multicenter study? | {
"contexts": [
"Palliative sedation therapy (PST) is indicated for and used to control refractory symptoms in cancer patients undergoing palliative care. We aimed to evaluate whether PST has a detrimental effect on survival in terminally ill patients.",
"This multicenter, observational, prospective, nonrando... | PST does not shorten life when used to relieve refractory symptoms and does not need the doctrine of double effect to justify its use from an ethical point of view. | no |
19,551,681 | Do hLA-DQB1 subtypes predict diabetic retinopathy in patients with type I diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate if diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy despite long disease duration have different human leukocyte antigen (HLA) status vs those with an early onset of retinopathy.",
"Retrospective, nonrandomized, masked comparative study. Type 1 diabetic patients with a disease on... | Some haplotypes seem to predispose diabetic patients to diabetic retinopathy. HLA typing may be beneficial for predicting the prognosis of diabetic retinopathy in younger diabetic patients. | yes |
19,570,042 | Is sleep apnea an independent correlate of erectile and sexual dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked with erectile dysfunction (ED), but it is unknown whether this association is maintained in the presence of other risk factors for ED.",
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ED/sexual dysfunction and polysomnographic mea... | ED and overall sexual dysfunction were highly prevalent in patients with suspected OSA. Irrespective of known risk factors, mean nocturnal SaO(2) was an additional, independent correlate of these dysfunctions, suggesting that OSA-related intermittent nocturnal hypoxemia specifically contributes to their development. | yes |
19,557,023 | Do retinal vascular occlusions occur more frequently in the more affected eye in exfoliation syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the relationship between retinal vascular occlusions (RVOs) and exfoliation syndrome (XFS) in a cohort of patients with the two conditions.",
"We reviewed the records of patients with XFS with or without glaucoma and any type of RVO between 1983 and 2007. Patients with prior incis... | Retinal vascular occlusion in patients with XFS occurs most often in the affected or more severely affected eye. As vascular occlusions happened in patients with and without glaucoma in similar proportions, the presence of XFS seems to play an important role in these findings. | yes |
19,564,319 | Does maternal allopurinol during fetal hypoxia lower cord blood levels of the brain injury marker S-100B? | {
"contexts": [
"Fetal hypoxia is an important determinant of neonatal encephalopathy caused by birth asphyxia, in which hypoxia-induced free radical formation plays an important role.",
"Maternal treatment with allopurinol, will cross the placenta during fetal hypoxia (primary outcome) and reduce S-100B and ... | Maternal allopurinol/oxypurinol crosses the placenta during fetal hypoxia. In fetuses/newborns with therapeutic allopurinol/oxypurinol concentrations in cord blood, lower plasma levels of the brain injury marker protein S-100B were detected. A larger allopurinol trial in compromised fetuses at term seems warranted. The... | yes |
19,564,313 | Is elevated cerebral pressure passivity associated with prematurity-related intracranial hemorrhage? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebral pressure passivity is common in sick premature infants and may predispose to germinal matrix/intraventricular hemorrhage (GM/IVH), a lesion with potentially serious consequences. We studied the association between the magnitude of cerebral pressure passivity and GM/IVH.",
"We enrolle... | This novel cerebrovascular monitoring technique allows quantification of cerebral pressure passivity as MAP-HbD gain in premature infants. High MAP-HbD gain is significantly associated with GM/IVH. Precise temporal and causal relationship between MAP-HbD gain and GM/IVH awaits further study. | yes |
19,564,310 | Is carbon monoxide a significant mediator of cardiovascular status following preterm birth? | {
"contexts": [
"With male gender as a strong predictor of cardiovascular instability, we hypothesized that gender-specific differences in circulating carbon monoxide levels contributed to dysregulated microvascular function in preterm male infants.",
"Infants born at 24 to 34 weeks of gestation (N = 84) were... | The gestational age- and gender-specific differences in carboxyhemoglobin levels and the relationship with dysregulated microvascular blood flow, a state related to greater illness severity and hypotension, are novel findings not confined solely to sick preterm infants. Both inducible heme oxygenase-dependent and non-h... | yes |
19,564,314 | Are serum gentamicin concentrations in encephalopathic infants affected by therapeutic hypothermia? | {
"contexts": [
"Mild hypothermia for 72 hours is neuroprotective in newborns with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. A core temperature of 33.5 degrees C might reduce drug clearance leading to potential toxicity. Gentamicin is nephrotoxic and ototoxic at high serum concentrations. No study has i... | Our data confirm that impaired renal function is strongly associated with high SGCs. Reduced body temperatures do not affect the clearance of gentamicin. | no |
19,560,946 | Are plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations associated with the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm : a systematic review and meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"To summarise the present evidence for an association between circulating fibrinogen or D-dimer and presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) presence.",
"MEDLINE database was searched to identify all case-control studies that compared plasma fibrinogen or D-dimer concentrations between pati... | We found that plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations are likely to be higher in cases with AAA than control subjects. Higher plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer concentrations may be associated with the presence of AAA. | yes |
19,540,325 | Do drosera rotundifolia and Drosera tokaiensis suppress the activation of HMC-1 human mast cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Several Northern Hemisphere Drosera species have been used in the therapy of respiratory tract infections as the traditional medicine Droserae Herba.",
"To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Drosera species and to investigate a substitute material for Droserae Herba, we examined the e... | Drosera rotundifolia and Drosera tokaiensis suppressed activation of HMC-1 cells induced by aTc-m. Since the Drosera tokaiensis fraction was more effective than the traditionally used Drosera rotundifolia, Drosera tokaiensis is a likely substitute as a source of Droserae Herba. | yes |
19,560,090 | Do multiple monophasic shocks improve electrotherapy of ventricular tachycardia in a rabbit model of chronic infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously showed that the cardioversion threshold (CVT) for ventricular tachycardia (VT) is phase dependent when a single monophasic shock (1MP) is used.",
"The purpose of this study was to extend these findings to a biphasic shock (1BP) and to compare the efficacy of phase-independent mu... | Maintenance of shock-induced virtual electrode polarization by multiple monophasic shocks over a VT cycle is responsible for unpinning of reentry leading to self-termination. Elimination of virtual electrode polarization by shock polarity reversal during multiple biphasic shocks proved ineffective. A significant reduct... | yes |
19,560,091 | Is there no transmural heterogeneity in an index of action potential duration in the canine left ventricle? | {
"contexts": [
"Transmural heterogeneity in ventricular repolarization demonstrated in vitro has been difficult to confirm in vivo. Whether this discrepancy reflects a physiological phenomenon or a methodological problem remains a vivid matter of debate despite a plethora of experimental work. Therefore, we have... | In the intact canine left ventricular wall, a more or less homogeneous distribution in transmural ERP and ARI is present. | yes |
19,549,321 | Is full-length cytokeratin-19 released by human tumor cells : a potential role in metastatic progression of breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"We evaluated whether CK19, one of the main cytoskeleton proteins of epithelial cells, is released as full-length protein from viable tumor cells and whether this property is relevant for metastatic progression in breast cancer patients.",
"EPISPOT (EPithelial ImmunoSPOT) assays were performed... | Full-length CK19 is released by viable epithelial tumor cells, and CK19-RCs might constitute a biologically active subset of breast cancer cells with high metastatic properties. | yes |
19,553,094 | Does dietary carbohydrate modification alter serum metabolic profiles in individuals with the metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Whole-grain cereals and diets with a low glycemic index may protect against the development of type 2 diabetes and heart disease, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. We studied the effect of carbohydrate modification on serum metabolic profiles, including lipids and branched chain amino aci... | Our results suggest that the dietary carbohydrate modification alters the serum metabolic profile, especially in lysoPC species, and may, thus, contribute to proinflammatory processes which in turn promote adverse changes in insulin and glucose metabolism. | yes |
19,543,297 | Does marine-derived oligosaccharide sulfate ( JG3 ) suppress heparanase-driven cell adhesion events in heparanase over-expressing CHO-K1 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To elucidate the detailed mechanisms underlying the appreciable effects of JG3, a novel marine-derived oligosaccharide, on cell migration using a Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line stably over-expressing heparanase.",
"A retrovirus infection system was used to establish a CHO-K1 cell line ... | All these findings help form an alternative view to understand the mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of JG3 on cell motility.Acta Pharmacologica Sinica (2009) 30: 1033-1038; doi: 10.1038/aps.2009.97; published online 22 June 2009. | yes |
19,565,507 | Do anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies from rheumatoid arthritis patients activate complement via both the classical and alternative pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been suggested that anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To exert their pathologic effects, ACPAs must recruit immune effector mechanisms such as activation of the complement system. Mouse models of RA have s... | Our findings indicate that anti-CCP antibodies activate the complement system in vitro via the classical and alternative pathways but not via the lectin pathway. These findings are relevant for the design of interventions aimed at inhibition of complement-mediated damage in RA. | yes |
19,565,501 | Does transgenic disruption of glucocorticoid signaling in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes attenuate K/BxN mouse serum-induced arthritis in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs) modulate numerous biologic systems involved in the initiation and maintenance of arthritis. Bone cells play a critical role in the progression of arthritis, and some of the effects of GCs on inflammation may be mediated via these cells. The aim of this study was t... | Disruption of GC signaling in osteoblasts significantly attenuates K/BxN mouse serum-induced autoimmune arthritis in mice. These data suggest that osteoblasts modulate the immune-mediated inflammatory response via a GC-dependent pathway. | yes |
19,565,500 | Are variants in TNFAIP3 , STAT4 , and C12orf30 loci associated with multiple autoimmune diseases also associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Subtypes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) share phenotypic features with other autoimmune disorders. We investigated several genetic variants associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other autoimmune disorders for association with JIA to test the hypothesis that clinically distinct phe... | We have demonstrated associations between JIA and variants in the TNFAIP3, STAT4, and C12orf30 regions that have previously shown associations with other autoimmune diseases, including RA and systemic lupus erythematosus. Our results suggest that clinically distinct autoimmune phenotypes share common genetic susceptibi... | yes |
19,556,380 | Does hydration status influence peritoneal equilibration test ultrafiltration volumes? | {
"contexts": [
"The peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was developed some 25 yr ago and has been used to help prescribe peritoneal dialysis. However, PET is affected by several factors, including diabetes and inflammation. It was speculated that extracellular fluid overload would increase PET ultrafiltration vo... | It was found that PET test ultrafiltration volume in routine clinical practice was not affected by CRP, hyperglycemia, or extracellular fluid volume overload. Ultrafiltration volumes were increased in those patients with reduced serum sodium and albumin, most likely because of inflammation and protein malnutrition. | no |
19,563,808 | Does fACS-assisted microarray profiling implicate novel genes and pathways in zebrafish gastrointestinal tract development? | {
"contexts": [
"The zebrafish Danio rerio is an excellent model system for mammalian gastrointestinal development. To identify differentially regulated genes important in gastrointestinal organogenesis, we profiled the transcriptome of the zebrafish developing gastrointestinal tract.",
"Embryos from a transg... | We successfully combine FACS and microarray profiling to follow organogenesis throughout development. These experiments identify novel genes and pathways that probably play a role in mammalian gastrointestinal development and are potential targets for therapeutic intervention in the management of gastrointestinal disea... | yes |
19,545,789 | Are s-phase cells more sensitive to high-linear energy transfer radiation? | {
"contexts": [
"S-phase cells are more resistant to low-linear energy transfer (LET) ionizing radiation (IR) than nonsynchronized and G(1)-phase cells, because both nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination repair can repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the S phase. Although it was repo... | S-phase cells are more sensitive to high-LET IR than nonsynchronized and G(2)-phase cells, because of the following mechanism: it is more difficult for Ku protein to bind to high-LET IR-induced DNA DSBs in S-phase cells than in cells at other phases, which results in less efficient NHEJ. | yes |
19,566,902 | Does botulinum toxin B increase mouth opening in patients with spastic trismus? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe generalized spastic movement disorders of various aetiologies often involve the jaw muscles and lead to a spastic trismus with masseter muscle hypertonia. We report a placebo-controlled randomized study on patients with spastic trismus.",
"Eleven patients with masseter hypertonia becau... | Botulinum toxin serotype B injections into the masseter muscles effectively reduce hypertonia and provide for better mouth opening, thereby contributing to a positive and desired clinical goal. | yes |
19,556,617 | Does a common UCP2 polymorphism predispose to stress hyperglycaemia in severe sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia are common in severe sepsis. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) plays a role in insulin release and sensitivity.",
"To determine if a common, functional polymorphism in the UCP2 gene promoter region (the -866 G/A polymorphism) contributes to the ri... | A common, functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the UCP2 gene is associated with hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance in severe sepsis. This has implications for our understanding of the genetic pathophysiology of sepsis and is of use in the stratification of patients for more intensive management. | yes |
19,546,576 | Does fK778 attenuate cytomegalovirus-enhanced vein graft intimal hyperplasia in a rat model? | {
"contexts": [
"Venous grafts are commonly used to treat drug-resistant coronary artery disease, although long-term functionality is limited because of proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMC). As proliferating SMC are particularly susceptible for the stimulating effects of cytomegalovirus (CMV),... | These data suggest a role of CMV in venous graft failure. Also, our results suggest a prospective role for the new immunosuppressive drug FK778 in the prevention of (CMV-mediated) vein graft intimal hyperplasia. | yes |
19,561,746 | Does use of the trendelenburg position in the porcine model improve carotid flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is now widely used as a treatment for ventricular fibrillation, though numerous studies have shown the outcome of standard CPR to be dismal. Alternative methods of CPR, including interposed abdominal compression, constant aortic occlusion, and the use of intrat... | The Trendelenburg position can lead to increased blood flow through the carotid arteries during CPR in this pig model. Future studies should investigate whether this increased blood flow through the carotid arteries leads to improved brain perfusion and better neurologic outcomes. | yes |
19,549,326 | Do neuroendocrine transcriptional programs adapt dynamically to the supply and demand for neuropeptides as revealed in NSF mutant zebrafish? | {
"contexts": [
"Regulated secretion of specialized neuropeptides in the vertebrate neuroendocrine system is critical for ensuring physiological homeostasis. Expression of these cell-specific peptide markers in the differentiating hypothalamus commences prior to birth, often predating the physiological demand for... | Our analyses of nsf mutant zebrafish reveal an unexpected role for NSF in hypothalamic development, with mutant 5 days post-fertilization larvae exhibiting a stage-dependent loss of neuroendocrine transcripts and a corresponding accumulation of neuropeptides in the soma. Based on our collective findings, we speculate t... | yes |
19,567,313 | Does molecular analysis of persistent periradicular lesions and root end reveals a diverse microbial profile? | {
"contexts": [
"The microbial etiology of periradicular lesions is recognized; however, the bacterial profile of these lesions is not well elucidated. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of bacterial colonization in these lesions and to characterize the bacterial community present in root en... | Persistent periradicular lesions are polymicrobial infections with many as-yet-uncultivated and unknown bacterial species. The bacterial load and microbial profile of root ends is significantly different from the soft-tissue lesion, indicating the presence of diverse bacterial populations in these tissues. | yes |
19,562,494 | Does smoking attenuate the negative association between carotenoids consumption and colorectal cancer risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Consumption of vegetables and fruits, physical activity, obesity and caloric intake are all strongly related to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). The association between dietary intake of carotenoids from vegetables/fruits and risk of CRC in the context of cigarette smoking was studied in a nu... | Consumption of most dietary carotenoids was found to be strongly associated with reduced risk of CRC. However, smoking significantly attenuated or reversed this observed protective effect on CRC occurrence. Smokers should be advised that smoking also hampers the potential health promoting effects of high fruit and vege... | yes |
19,565,477 | Is interleukin-6 a significant predictor of radiographic knee osteoarthritis : The Chingford Study? | {
"contexts": [
"There is a great need for identification of biomarkers that could improve the prediction of early osteoarthritis (OA). We undertook this study to determine whether circulating levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), and C-reactive protein (CRP) can serve as useful ... | This followup study showed that individuals were more likely to be diagnosed as having RKOA if they had a higher BMI and increased circulating levels of IL-6. These results should stimulate more work on IL-6 as a potential therapeutic target. | yes |
19,542,177 | Does mouse strain determine the outcome of wound healing after myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Our objective was to study the effect of the genetic background on the wound healing process after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice.",
"MI was induced in five different mouse strains (BalbC, C57Bl6, FVB, 129S6, and Swiss). At 3, 14, and 28 days after MI, cardiac dimensions were monitored by... | The outcome of infarct healing in mice strongly depends on genetic background. On the basis of our results, we suggest that for studies on infarct rupture, the 129S6 mouse is the background of choice, whereas BalbC and Swiss mice are the preferred models to study infarct thinning post-MI. | yes |
19,542,865 | Are tumor necrosis factor region polymorphisms associated with AIDS and with cytomegalovirus retinitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene is located within the highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex region, exhibiting the -308 GA promoter region polymorphism and six microsatellites (TNFa-f) spanning the region nearby the TNF locus.",
"In the present study, we evaluated the frequ... | This study highlights that polymorphic sites spanning the region nearby the TNF locus are associated with AIDS per se and with cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients. | yes |
19,564,661 | Is walking speed at self-selected exercise pace lower but energy cost higher in older versus younger women? | {
"contexts": [
"Walking is usually undertaken at a speed that coincides with the lowest metabolic cost. Aging however, alters the speed-cost relationship, as preferred walking speeds decrease and energy costs increase. It is unclear to what extent this relationship is affected when older women undertake walking ... | Preferred exercise pace incurs a higher metabolic cost in older women and needs be taken into consideration when recommending walking as an exercise modality. | yes |
19,558,657 | Does the dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker benidipine prevent lysophosphatidylcholine-induced endothelial dysfunction in rat aorta? | {
"contexts": [
"Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), an atherogenic component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, has been shown to induce the attenuation of endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation. Although benidipine, a dihydropyridine-calcium channel blocker, is known to have endothelial protective effects, the ... | These results suggest that benidipine inhibited LPC-induced endothelial dysfunction by maintaining increase in [Ca2+]i. Benidipine possesses membrane stabilization properties in LPC-treated endothelial cells. It is speculated that the preservation of membrane fluidity by benidipine may play a role in the retainment of ... | yes |
19,558,659 | Is n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk associate to weight gain and growth in premature infants? | {
"contexts": [
"Linoleic 18:2 (n-6) and alpha-linolenic 18:3 (n-3) essential fatty acids and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential nutrients for growth and neonatal development. Consumption of preformed n-3 LC-PUFA has been shown to increase gestational duration and to decrease the incid... | These results suggest that the n-3 PUFA composition of milk may be associated with weight gain and growth. Considering the advantages of n-3 LC-PUFA consumption on infant growth and visual function and its association with reduced incidence of premature birth, dietitians should advise pregnant women to increase their i... | yes |
19,570,321 | Are drug transporters altered in brain , liver and kidney of rats with chronic epilepsy induced by lithium-pilocarpine? | {
"contexts": [
"Pharmacoresistance is a common problem hindering treatment of epilepsy. A possible cause for this resistance is the overexpression of efflux drug transporters, e.g. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which may decrease extracellular antiepileptic drugs levels in brains of intractable epilepsy patients. Anoth... | Organic anion transporting polypeptide 2 and P-gp colocalized in tissues that are important in drug absorption, metabolism and excretion. Seizures seem to induce the cerebral changes of P-gp and Oatp2. However, the changes of expression of two transporters exhibit the opposite trend. Organic anion transporting polypept... | yes |
19,545,716 | Are an early increase in gamma glutamyltranspeptidase and low aspartate aminotransferase peak values associated with superior outcomes after orthotopic liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Prediction of prognosis after liver transplantation (OLT) remains difficult. The present study determines if standard laboratory parameters measured within the first week after OLT correlate with outcome.",
"Laboratory parameters measured within the first weak after OLT of 328 patients were g... | Unexpectedly, a disproportionate rise in gamma-GT was associated with graft and patient survival of more than 90 days. This might be explained by regeneration phenomena in the liver indicative of a well functioning graft. | yes |
19,546,587 | Does the Impact of type 2 diabetes on mortality in end-stage renal disease patients differ between genders? | {
"contexts": [
"In diabetics with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), risk of death has been reported to be non-constant after the first dialysis, and different outcomes have been observed between genders. We assessed the impact of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on mortality in dialysis regarding its differential effect by ... | T2DM was associated with death only in females. This association was not constant over time after the first dialysis. | yes |
19,561,572 | Do manual and electronic probes have similar reliability in the measurement of untreated periodontitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed Medline and Latin American and Caribbean Health Science literature databases were searched, and searches made by hand of identified papers, to source relevant data. (BIOSIS Previews) were searched. There were no language restrictions.",
... | Manual and electronic probes were of similar reliability when used to measure CAL in individuals who had untreated periodontitis and when used by a calibrated examiner, but this finding is not supported by strong evidence. | yes |
19,544,201 | Is abnormal uterine artery Doppler in pregnancies suspected of a SGA fetus related to increased risk of recurrence during next pregnancy? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate if placental Doppler velocimetry can predict the recurrence of a small-for-gestational age (SGA) fetus in subsequent pregnancies.",
"Retrospective study.",
"City cohort over 15 years attending a university hospital.",
"A total of 196 pregnancies suspected of a SGA fetus... | The results suggest that abnormal uterine artery Doppler is related to increased risk of recurrence of SGA during the next pregnancy. This knowledge might provide the clinician with an opportunity to initiate preventive treatment and increase surveillance to women at risk during succeeding pregnancy. | yes |
19,564,794 | Does nebivolol induce parallel improvement of left ventricular filling pressure and coronary flow reserve in uncomplicated arterial hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Our aim was to analyze the effects of 3-month antihypertensive therapy by nebivolol, a beta-blocking agent with nitric oxide-mediated vasodilatory properties, on coronary flow reserve (CFR) and left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) in uncomplicated arterial hypertension.",
"Twenty newly di... | Nebivolol improves LVFP as well as CFR in uncomplicated hypertension. The association between changes of CFR and those of LVFP indicates a possible common denominator between improvement of coronary microvascular function and myocardial stimulation of nitric oxide release induced by the drug. | yes |
19,554,541 | Are hFE C282Y/H63D compound heterozygotes at low risk of hemochromatosis-related morbidity? | {
"contexts": [
"The risk of hemochromatosis-related morbidity is unknown among HFE compound heterozygotes (C282Y/H63D). We used a prospective population-based cohort study to estimate the prevalence of elevated iron indices and hemochromatosis-related morbidity for compound heterozygotes. In all, 31,192 subjects... | For male compound heterozygotes, mean iron indices do not change during middle age but for female compound heterozygotes menopause results in increased mean SF. Although compound heterozygotes might maintain elevated iron indices during middle age, documented iron overload-related disease is rare. | yes |
19,564,559 | Does diabetes mellitus activate signal transduction pathways resulting in vascular endothelial growth factor resistance of human monocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Monocytes are cellular components of wound repair, arteriogenesis, and atherogenesis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and placental growth factor recruit monocytes to sites of arteriogenesis via stimulation of VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR-1). The chemotactic response of monocytes to VEGF-A ... | We propose that elevated advanced glycation end products expression and increased oxidative stress in diabetic monocytes lead to activation of VEGFR-1-related signaling pathways and to desensitization of VEGFR-1 responses. These data establish VEGF resistance as a novel molecular concept for DM-related cellular dysfunc... | yes |
19,564,557 | Do elevated depression symptoms predict long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Depression predicts prognosis in many cardiac conditions, including congestive heart failure (CHF). Despite heightened cardiac risk in patients with comorbid atrial fibrillation (AF) and CHF, depression has not been studied in this group. This substudy, from the AF-CHF Trial of rate- versus rhyth... | Elevated depression symptoms are related to cardiovascular mortality even after adjustment for other prognostic indicators in patients with comorbid AF and CHF who receive optimized treatment. Unmarried patients are also at increased risk. Mechanisms and treatment options deserve additional study. | yes |
19,551,371 | Does post-resuscitation NOS inhibition improve hemodynamic recovery of hypoxic newborn pigs? | {
"contexts": [
"Significant improvement in myocardial recovery has been shown previously with interventions to decrease reactive oxygen species after ischemia/hypoxia. We investigated whether co-administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC, a scavenger for reactive oxygen species) and N (G)-monomethyl-L: -arginine (L... | Post-resuscitation administration of NAC improved cardiac function and reduced oxidative stress in newborn pigs with hypoxia-reoxygenation insult. Low-dose, non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase activity did not provide any further beneficial effect. | no |
19,564,453 | Are new users of metformin at low risk of incident cancer : a cohort study among people with type 2 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"The antidiabetic properties of metformin are mediated through its ability to activate the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Activation of AMPK can suppress tumor formation and inhibit cell growth in addition to lowering blood glucose levels. We tested the hypothesis that metformin reduces the ... | These results suggest that metformin use may be associated with a reduced risk of cancer. A randomized trial is needed to assess whether metformin is protective in a population at high risk for cancer. | yes |
19,564,456 | Are microalbuminuria and cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction independently associated with cardiovascular mortality : evidence for distinct pathways : the Hoorn Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Microalbuminuria is associated with cardiovascular mortality, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Microalbuminuria is known to be associated with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (C-AD), and C-AD in... | Both microalbuminuria and C-AD are independently associated with cardiovascular mortality, and the excess mortality attributable to microalbuminuria cannot be explained by C-AD. | yes |
19,560,757 | Is fertilization rate an independent predictor of implantation rate? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether fertilization rate serves as a biological assay, reflects oocyte quality, and may be used to help predict patient implantation rate.",
"Retrospective cohort study.",
"Academic center.",
"Couples undergoing 3603 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles from 2001 to 2007... | Fertilization is a strong, independent predictor of implantation rate and may be useful in modeling to guide decision making for the number of embryos to transfer. | yes |
19,552,670 | Do feasibility of using tissue Doppler velocities in stress echo during upright bicycle exercise? | {
"contexts": [
"There are several studies on myocardial tissue Doppler velocities during dobutamine stress, but few studies on the same parameters during bicycle exercise. We wanted to examine how sample sites affected velocities, beat-to-beat variability and segments eligible for analysis.",
"Twenty patient... | Tissue velocities decreased from base to apex. Mean difference between the raters was-0.02 cm/sec at rest and 0.45 cm/sec during exercise. Peak-to-peak variability was lowest in the mitral ring during rest (10-14%) and increased at peak exercise (15-21%). The proportion of segments eligible for analysis was 84% in the ... | yes |
19,546,121 | Are joystick interfaces suitable for robotized endoscope applied to NOTES? | {
"contexts": [
"NOTES has changed the working environment of endoscopy, leading to new difficulties. The limitations of conventional endoscopes call for the development of new platforms. Robotics may be the answer.",
"The authors compared human to robotized manipulation of a flexible endoscope into the abdom... | Applying robotics to a flexible endoscope fails to enhance ability to move into the abdominal cavity, partly because of the interface. To overcome the limitations of endoscope when performing complex NOTES tasks, robotics may be useful, especially to control the instruments and to stabilize the endoscope itself. | no |
19,549,766 | Do urine analysis and protein networking identify met as a marker of metastatic prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Metastatic prostate cancer is a major cause of death of men in the United States. Expression of met, a receptor tyrosine kinase, has been associated with progression of prostate cancer.",
"To investigate met as a biomarker of disease progression, urinary met was evaluated via ELISA in men wit... | Urinary met may provide a noninvasive biomarker indicative of metastatic prostate cancer and may be a central regulator of multiple pathways involved in prostate cancer progression. | yes |
19,564,275 | Are paternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy related to excessive infant crying? | {
"contexts": [
"Excessive infant crying, or infantile colic, is a common and often stress-inducing problem for parents that can ultimately result in child abuse. From previous research it is known that maternal depression is related to excessive crying, but so far little is known about the influence of paternal ... | Our findings indicate that paternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy might be a risk factor for excessive infant crying. This finding could be related to genetic transmission, interaction of a father with lasting depressive symptoms with the infant, or related indirectly through contextual stressors such as marital... | yes |
19,548,051 | Does an ultrasound-assisted approach facilitate spinal anesthesia for total joint arthroplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"Spinal anesthesia can be challenging in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty because of poorly palpable surface landmarks and age-related changes in the lumbar spine. We hypothesized that pre-procedural ultrasound imaging would be effective in identifying the lumbar intervertebral spaces ... | Ultrasound imaging of the lumbar spine provides clinically useful information that can facilitate spinal anesthesia in the older orthopedic patient population. | yes |
19,541,001 | Is urinary free cortisone , but not cortisol , associated with urine volume in severe obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"High urine volume enhances urinary free cortisol (UFF) and cortisone (UFE) excretion rates in normal-weight adults and children. Renal excretion rates of glucocorticoids (GC) and their metabolites are frequently altered in obesity. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether UFF and U... | In severe obesity, in contrast to normal weight, renal excretion of UFE, but not of UFF is affected by fluid intake. This discrepancy may be due to the increased renal 11beta-HSD2 activity in obesity. | yes |
19,541,004 | Does soluble CD40 ligand induce human coronary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical data have shown that an increased level of serum soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) is associated with atherosclerogenesis. We hypothesize that sCD40L induces proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).",
"Huma... | This study suggests that sCD40L increases VSMC proliferation and migration through the MMP-9 pathway, which may be a potential mechanism through which sCD40L induces intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. | yes |
19,541,005 | Does adenovirus-mediated overexpression of human tissue plasminogen activator prevent peritoneal adhesion formation/reformation in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) demonstrated beneficial effects on peritoneal adhesion formation; however, its short half-life limits its continual fibrinolytic effect. Therefore, we delivered adenovirus encoding tPA to prevent adhesions.",
"Rats were subjected to peritoneal injury and ass... | Administration of adenovector encoding htPA is safe and decreased de novo and recurrent peritoneal adhesions. | yes |
19,547,701 | Does chlamydia pneumoniae hide inside apoptotic neutrophils to silently infect and propagate in macrophages? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracellular pathogens have developed elaborate strategies for silent infection of preferred host cells. Chlamydia pneumoniae is a common pathogen in acute infections of the respiratory tract (e.g. pneumonia) and associated with chronic lung sequelae in adults and children. Within the lung, alve... | Taken together, our data suggest that C. pneumoniae uses neutrophil granulocytes to be silently taken up by long-lived macrophages, which allows for efficient propagation and immune protection within the human host. | yes |
19,549,529 | Do cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors down-regulate osteopontin and Nr4A2-new therapeutic targets for colorectal cancers? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors reduce colon cancer risk by mechanisms that are not fully understood. We performed microarray analysis of adenomas from Apc(Delta14/+) mice to identify genes that respond to these drugs.",
"Apc(Delta14/+) mice were given a single daily injection of parecoxib for up... | Down-regulation of osteopontin, probably through blockade of NR4A2 and Wnt signaling, is an important component of the antitumor activity of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. These factors might be developed as therapeutic targets for intestinal cancers. | yes |
19,549,525 | Does deletion of TRPC4 and TRPC6 in mice impair smooth muscle contraction and intestinal motility in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Downstream effects of muscarinic receptor stimulation in intestinal smooth muscle include contraction and intestinal transit. We thought to determine whether classic transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels integrate the intracellular signaling cascades evoked by the stimulated receptors and ... | In intestinal smooth muscle cells TRPC4 and TRPC6 channels are gated by muscarinic receptors and are responsible for mI(CAT). They couple muscarinic receptors to depolarization of intestinal smooth muscle cells and voltage-activated Ca(2+)-influx and contraction, and thereby accelerate small intestinal motility in vivo... | yes |
19,549,527 | Does the ets-domain transcription factor Spdef promote maturation of goblet and paneth cells in the intestinal epithelium? | {
"contexts": [
"Stem cells within the intestinal epithelium generate daughter cells that undergo lineage commitment and maturation through the combined action of the Wnt and Notch signaling cascades. Both pathways, in turn, regulate transcription factor networks that further define differentiation toward either ... | Spdef acts downstream of Math1 to promote terminal differentiation of a secretory progenitor pool into Paneth and goblet cells. | yes |
19,549,522 | Does c-Jun N-terminal kinase-1 from hematopoietic cells mediate progression from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays a pivotal role in the development of the metabolic syndrome including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the mechanism underlying the contribution of JNK to the progression from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis is unresolved.",
... | jnk1(-/-) mice are resistant to diet-induced steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. JNK1 in hematopoietic cells, especially in Kupffer cells, contributes to the development of liver fibrosis by inducing chronic inflammation. | yes |
19,560,979 | Does peroral endoscopic anastomotic reduction improve intractable dumping syndrome in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Dumping syndrome is a well-described consequence of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Although the condition can benefit some patients with morbid obesity, a subset will develop intractable dumping syndrome characterized by symptomatic episodes with most meals. We describe the first series of patients su... | Endoscopic anastomotic reduction appears technically feasible and safe and might be a minimally invasive treatment option for patients who experience intractable dumping symptoms after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Additional studies are needed to determine the long-term efficacy of this procedure. | yes |
19,539,355 | Does syndecan-1 enhance the endometrial cancer invasion by modulating matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression through nuclear factor kappaB? | {
"contexts": [
"Up-regulated expression of syndecan-1, a member of the transmembranous proteoglycans that serves as a co-receptor for a wide pool of extracellular ligands, has been ascribed to the promotion of growth of various cancers including breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. Here, we have extended th... | These findings provide evidence that supports that syndecan-1 may have a critical role in carcinogenic progression, particularly, contributing to the development of proliferative and invasive phenotype through NF-kappaB-mediated MMP-9 gene expression in endometrial cancer. | yes |
19,539,358 | Does thickness of CAD-CAM composite resin overlay influences fatigue resistance of endodontically treated premolars? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluate the influence of composite resin CAD-CAM restoration thickness on the in vitro fatigue resistance and failure mode of overlay-type restoration in endodontically treated premolars.",
"Thirty extracted premolars received root canal treatment followed by a standardized tooth preparation... | Thick FiltekMZ100 composite resin onlays showed higher fatigue resistance than thin ones and may be associated with fractures that are less subgingival. | yes |
19,563,582 | Are the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin in patients with acne and rosacea influenced by ethanol? | {
"contexts": [
"Isotretinoin is effective in the treatment of severe acne and rosacea. Both parent drug and its main metabolite 4-oxo-isotretinoin are potentially teratogenic compounds and contain a carboxylic acid moiety. In the presence of ethanol, naturally occurring as well as synthetic retinoids also contai... | The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of isotretinoin and its main metabolites are not influenced by ethanol during long-term isotretinoin treatment. After ceasing long-term isotretinoin therapy the recommended period of 1 month for using anticonceptive measures in fertile women seems adequate. | no |
19,549,024 | Do budesonide and formoterol inhibit inflammatory mediator production by bronchial epithelial cells infected with rhinovirus? | {
"contexts": [
"Rhinoviruses (RVs) are responsible for the majority of acute asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. RVs infect the lower airways and induce the production of pro-inflammatory and remodelling-associated mediators. Budesonide (BUD) and formoterol (FORM) synergize in ... | BUD and FORM suppress RV-induced chemokines and growth factors in bronchial epithelial cells in a concentration-dependent, synergistic or additive manner. These data further support the combined use of BUD and FORM in asthma and COPD and intensification of this therapy during exacerbations. | yes |
19,549,027 | Does timothy grass pollen major allergen Phl p 1 activate respiratory epithelial cells by a non-protease mechanism? | {
"contexts": [
"Group 1 allergens from grass pollen (e.g. Phl p 1, the major allergen of timothy grass Phleum pratense) cause IgE reactivity in about 95% of allergic subjects and exist in all grass species. The respiratory epithelium represents a first line of contact of the immune system with airborne allergens... | We conclude that under physiological conditions Phl p 1 affects tracheal epithelial cells through a non-proteolytic activity. Enhancement of TGF-beta expression induced by Phl p 1 together with the increased release of IL-6 and IL-8 might provide an indirect mechanism through which the allergen may cross the epithelial... | yes |
19,561,164 | Are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with psychiatric disorders at greater risk of exacerbations? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess prospectively the impact of psychiatric disorders on risk for exacerbations. The course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is punctuated by acute exacerbations. Although anxiety and mood disorders are common in patients with COPD, no studies have assessed prospectively the ... | Patients with psychiatric disorders are at greater risk of exacerbations treated in an outpatient setting but not those treated in an inpatient setting. These outpatient-managed exacerbations account for a significant proportion of the healthcare burden for COPD, so interventions should target patients with psychiatric... | yes |
19,539,286 | Is health seeking behaviour of parents of burned children in Bangladesh related to family socioeconomics? | {
"contexts": [
"The study was design to explore the health seeking behaviour of Bangladeshi parents for their children during burn injuries.",
"A population-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and December 2003 in Bangladesh. Nationally representative data were collected from 171,366 r... | Education, economic condition and place of residence were found as the contributory factors in choosing service provider. Education to the parents can contribute in changes in health seeking behaviour which ultimately contribute in reducing morbidity and mortality from childhood burn injuries. Including parent's educat... | yes |
19,561,757 | Is emergency Department Ultrasound a Sensitive Detector of Solid Organ Injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of emergency department (ED) ultrasound for the detection of solid organ injury following blunt abdominal trauma.",
"A prospective cohort study performed in the ED of an urban Level I trauma center on patients who sustained blunt abdominal trauma. F... | Emergency ultrasound is not sensitive or specific for detecting liver or spleen injuries following blunt abdominal trauma. | no |
19,567,320 | Do endodontic and salivary isolates of Enterococcus faecalis integrate into biofilm from human salivary bacteria cultivated in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to examine whether Enterococcus faecalis isolates from endodontic patients (from saliva and from a root canal) are able to prevail against salivary bacteria when grown in coculture in a biofilm reactor.",
"Saliva that was tested to be free of E. faecalis was used as ... | These results led to the suggestion that E. faecalis could persist in the biofilm of the human oral cavity. Because of the ubiquitous presence of E. faecalis, root canal infections may arise from different sources. | yes |
19,563,379 | Is serum phosphate an important determinant of corrected serum calcium in end-stage kidney disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Approximately 12% of bound blood calcium is linked to various anions including phosphate. In patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), serum phosphate is highly variable. We propose that establishing a formula to calculate albumin- and phosphate-corrected total calcium would be more appropri... | Because guidelines recommendations indicate that corrected serum calcium should be maintained within the normal range in ESKD patients, inclusion of phosphate to correct Ca(tot) in these patients may have clinical implications on the choice of phosphate binders and the prescription of vitamin D or calcimimetic agents. | yes |
19,542,208 | Is short sleep duration associated with a blood pressure nondipping pattern in type 1 diabetes : the DIAPASOM study? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether nocturnal blood pressure dipping status in type 1 diabetes is correlated with specific sleep characteristics and differences in nocturnal glycemic profiles.",
"Twenty type 1 diabetic adult patients underwent sleep studies with simultaneous 24-h ambulatory blood pressure moni... | Dipping status in type 1 diabetes was associated with longer sleep duration and with hypoglycemia unawareness. | yes |
19,559,515 | Do a qualitative study on patient perspectives of how conventional and implant-supported dentures affect eating? | {
"contexts": [
"The objectives of this study were to obtain in-depth qualitative data from patients on the effect of edentulousness and prosthetic rehabilitation upon issues surrounding eating (emotional, social and functional).",
"33 patients who had received replacement conventional dentures (CDs) and 33 p... | In conclusion, issues surrounding eating are a major concern for edentulous patients. The main impacts of edentulousness are limitation of social participation and food choice. The functional improvement and increased social confidence that ISODs can provide, has a beneficial impact on this aspect of patients of qualit... | yes |
19,543,745 | Do glioblastoma cells express functional cell membrane receptors activated by daily used medical drugs? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcium ions are highly versatile spacial and temporal intracellular signals of non-excitable cells and have an important impact on nearly every aspect of cellular life controlling cell growth, metabolism, fluid secretion, information processing, transcription, apoptosis, and motility. Neurons an... | Our study impressively demonstrates that medical drugs are potent inducers of intracellular calcium signals. Totally unexpected, the results show a high amount of functional cellular receptors and channels on glioma cells, which could be responsible for certain biological effects like migration and cell growth. This ca... | yes |
19,556,728 | Does nifedipine interfere with migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibition of Pyk2-Src axis? | {
"contexts": [
"Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) inhibit the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to characterize the signaling mechanisms by which CCBs inhibit VSMC migration.",
"Nifedipine potently inhibited platel... | These data suggest that nifedipine interferes with VSMC migration via inhibition of the Pyk2-Src axis and inhibition of actin remodeling processes, including membrane ruffling and lamellipodium formation. | yes |
19,556,829 | Does genistein in the presence of 17beta-estradiol inhibit proliferation of ERbeta breast cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Genistein, a soy component, has been shown to have a biphasic proliferative effect in breast cancer cells, inhibiting in vitro cell proliferation at high concentrations (>10 micromol/l), while stimulating cell proliferation at lower concentrations (<10 micromol/l). However, epidemiological studie... | Our results suggest that in cells with a predominance of ERalpha, genistein acts as an agonist to ERalpha, and in cells with ERbeta alone, genistein most likely acts as an antiestrogen. Our results also suggest that genistein could be useful as a chemotherapeutic agent in premenopausal women with breast cancer of the E... | yes |
19,559,500 | Does lidocaine inhibit epithelial chemokine secretion via inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B activation? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the antiinflammatory effect of lidocaine in intestinal epithelial cells.",
"HT-29 and T-84 cells were grown in culture with and without TNF-alpha, lidocaine, aconitine and veratridine. The secretion of IL-8 and IP-10 was measured by ELISA. A cDNA microarray was used to assess gene ex... | Lidocaine inhibits IL-8 and IP-10 secretion from intestinal cells. This effect is mediated by inhibition of NFkappaB activation via decreased IkappaB phosphorylation and is not mediated by lidocaine's effect on VGSC. | yes |
19,570,241 | Does plasma TF activity predict cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Tissue factor (TF) contributes to thrombosis following plaque disruption in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Aim of the study was to investigate the impact of plasma TF activity on prognosis in patients with ACS.",
"One-hundred seventy-four patients with unstable Angina pectoris (uAP) and 112 ... | Systemic TF activity in AMI has an unfavorable prognostic value and as a marker for dysregulated coagulation may add to predict the atherothrombotic risk. | yes |
19,566,635 | Does the relationship of clinical laboratory parameters and patient attribute to the quality of life of patients on hemodialysis? | {
"contexts": [
"With advances in medicine, the subjective assessment of patients on hemodialysis regarding their quality of life (QOL) is gaining importance. Clinicians cannot rely solely on objective markers, such as the rates of complications and mortality, when evaluating responses to dialysis. In clinical se... | The serum potassium level significantly affected not only physical health, but also QOL, a measure of psychosocial health. This suggests that providing nursing support to patients, guided by the serum potassium target range of 3.5-5.0 mEq/L, might improve and maintain QOL. | yes |
19,562,232 | Are women , patients with severe asthma , and patients attended by primary care physicians , at higher risk of suffering from poorly controlled asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this exploratory study was to identify those factors associated with asthma control assessed according to GINA Guidelines.",
"809 (56% female) subjects with asthma were recruited consecutively from both specialist and primary care centres. Asthma control was assessed over a 4-week ... | After model adjustment, we suggest that being female, suffering from more severe asthma, or being attended by a primary care physician, could pose a significantly higher risk of having poorly controlled asthma in adults. | yes |
19,551,401 | Does tafluprost protect rat retinal ganglion cells from apoptosis in vitro and in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether tafluprost, which is a prostaglandin-related compound and an anti-glaucoma drug, has a direct anti-apoptotic effect in cultured retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and rat RGCs in retinas with optic nerve crush (ONC).",
"RGC-5 cells were induced to undergo apoptosis by a seru... | These data suggest that tafluprost has an anti-apoptotic effect in RGCs. | yes |
19,561,257 | Is t2 at MR imaging an objective quantitative measure of cerebral white matter signal intensity abnormality in preterm infants at term-equivalent age? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare quantitative T2 relaxometry of cerebral white matter (WM) with qualitative assessment of conventional T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images, to assess the relationship between cerebral WM T2 and region-specific apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and to examine WM T2 regional va... | Cerebral WM T2 is an objective quantitative measurement that can easily and rapidly be obtained during clinical MR imaging in preterm infants at term. | yes |
19,568,915 | Does combination of isoliquiritigenin and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand induce apoptosis in colon cancer HT29 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Isoliquiritigenin is a chalcone derivative with potential in cancer chemoprevention. Although tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-cancer agent, some cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL treatment. Current studies have tried to overcome TRAIL-resistan... | Our results suggest that isoliquiritigenin has the potential to overcome resistance to TRAIL in cancer cells and its chemopreventive effects may depend on TRAIL function. | yes |
19,562,301 | Does the specificity of tests for anti-beta-lactam IgE antibodies decline progressively with increase of total serum IgE? | {
"contexts": [
"Immediate allergic reactions to beta-lactam antibiotics are mediated by specific IgE antibodies. The Phadia CAP System FEIA is a commercial method for quantification of specific IgE. We wished to determine anti-beta-lactam IgE antibodies in patients without penicillin allergy but with high levels... | Before 2006, tests for anti-beta-lactam IgE antibody in patients with total IgE > 500 kU/l were probably often false positive. Patients who were diagnosed as penicillin allergic before 2006 solely on the basis of a positive CAP FEIA test for specific IgE should be considered for diagnostic reevaluation. | yes |
19,557,168 | Do concurrent growth rate and transcript analyses reveal essential gene stringency in Escherichia coli? | {
"contexts": [
"Genes essential for bacterial growth are of particular scientific interest. Many putative essential genes have been identified or predicted in several species, however, little is known about gene expression requirement stringency, which may be an important aspect of bacterial physiology and likel... | RNA silencing can reveal stringent requirements for gene expression with respect to growth. This method may be used to validate existing essential genes and to quantify drug target requirement. | yes |
19,557,169 | Is bacterial antigen expression an important component in inducing an immune response to orally administered Salmonella-delivered DNA vaccines? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of Salmonella to deliver heterologous antigens from DNA vaccines is a well-accepted extension of the success of oral Salmonella vaccines in animal models. Attenuated S. typhimurium and S. typhi strains are safe and efficacious, and their use to deliver DNA vaccines combines the advantages... | These findings suggest that prokaryotic expression of the antigen and co-delivery of this protein by Salmonella are at least partially responsible for the successful oral delivery of C-fragment DNA vaccines containing the CMV promoter by S. typhimurium. | yes |
19,570,740 | Does physical training in patients on hemodialysis have a beneficial effect on the levels of eicosanoid hormone-like substances? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the levels of vasoactive eicosanoid hormone-like substances PGE2, PGI2 and TXA2 in hemodialysis (HD)patients who were following a long-term physical training program during the hemodialysis session.",
"A total of 50 patients with Chronic Ki... | The data indicate that exercise training during HD exerts a beneficial effect on the levels of the vasoactive eicosanoid hormone-like substances in patients on HD. | yes |
19,552,814 | Do single-copy nuclear genes resolve the phylogeny of the holometabolous insects? | {
"contexts": [
"Evolutionary relationships among the 11 extant orders of insects that undergo complete metamorphosis, called Holometabola, remain either unresolved or contentious, but are extremely important as a context for accurate comparative biology of insect model organisms. The most phylogenetically enigma... | These findings provide the most complete evolutionary framework for future comparative studies on holometabolous model organisms and contribute strong evidence for the resolution of the 'Strepsiptera problem', a long-standing and hotly debated issue in insect phylogenetics. | yes |
19,543,387 | Do endogenous TasiRNAs mediate non-cell autonomous effects on gene regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana? | {
"contexts": [
"Different classes of small RNAs (sRNAs) refine the expression of numerous genes in higher eukaryotes by directing protein partners to complementary nucleic acids, where they mediate gene silencing. Plants encode a unique class of sRNAs, called trans-acting small interfering RNAs (tasiRNAs), which... | Endogenous tasiRNAs are thus mediators of a mobile developmental signal and might provide effective gene silencing at a distance beyond the reach of most miRNAs. | yes |
19,539,984 | Is a thymic stromal lymphopoietin gene variant associated with asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness? | {
"contexts": [
"The epithelial cell-derived protein thymic stromal lymphopoietin stimulates dendritic and mast cells to promote proallergic T(H)2 responses. Studies of transgenic expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and its receptor knockout mice have emphasized its critical role in the development of alle... | A genetic variant in the region of the thymic stromal lymphopoietin gene is associated with the phenotypes of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness. | yes |
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