pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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24,757,674 | Is physical performance associated with working memory in older people with mild to severe cognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"Physical performances and cognition are positively related in cognitively healthy people. The aim of this study was to examine whether physical performances are related to specific cognitive functioning in older people with mild to severe cognitive impairment.",
"This cross-sectional study in... | Physical performance is associated with working memory in older people with cognitive impairment. Future studies should investigate whether physical exercise for increased physical performance can improve cognitive functioning. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NTR1482. | yes |
24,768,850 | Is a cut-off value of 2 cm in tumor size of prognostic value in surgically treated FIGO stage IB cervical cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Limited knowledge exists about the value of tumor size in surgically treated cervical cancer (CX) using a tumor size of 2 cm as cut-off value.",
"A total of 366 cases of CX FIGO stage IB who received upfront surgery were evaluated regarding tumor size, the prediction of pelvic lymph node invo... | The results support that tumor size is of prognostic impact in FIGO stage IB cervical carcinomas. A further substaging is suggested for tumors up to 4.0 cm maximum dimension using a cut-off value of 2.0 cm as discriminator. Patients with tumors ≤2.0 cm may represent low risk disease. | yes |
24,745,561 | Is anxiety associated with the risk of dementia or cognitive decline : the Rotterdam Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Anxiety and depression frequently co-occur in the elderly and in patients with dementia. Prior research has shown that depression is related to the risk of dementia, but the effect of anxiety on dementia remains unclear. We studied whether anxiety symptoms and anxiety disorders are associated wit... | Our findings do not offer evidence for an association between anxiety symptoms or anxiety disorders with the risk of dementia or with cognition. This suggests that anxiety is not a risk factor nor a prodrome of dementia in an elderly, community-dwelling population. | no |
19,563,666 | Is cXCR4 expression on circulating pan-cytokeratin positive cells associated with survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"The CXC chemokine, CXCL12, and its receptor, CXCR4 promote metastases of a variety of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of CXCR4 on tumor cells may represent a critical biomarker for their propensity to metastasize. This study was performed to evaluate the... | This study suggests that CXCR4 may be a prognostic marker in NSCLC, and provides hypothesis-generating results, which may be important in determining metastatic potential. In future studies, we will prospectively evaluate the prognostic significance of pan-cytokeratin/CXCR4+ cells, and determine the mechanisms involved... | yes |
19,562,072 | Does tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) prevent lead-induced testicular toxicity? | {
"contexts": [
"Lead, an example of heavy metals, has, for decades, being known for its adverse effects on various body organs and systems such that their functions are compromised.",
"In the present study, the ability of lead to adversely affect the male reproductive system was investigated and tomato (Lyco... | These findings lead to the conclusion that TP significantly lowered the adverse effects of Pb exposure on the kidney as well as Pb-induced oxidative stress. | yes |
19,562,077 | Does dll1 haploinsufficiency in adult mice lead to a complex phenotype affecting metabolic and immunological processes? | {
"contexts": [
"The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionary conserved signal transduction pathway involved in embryonic patterning and regulation of cell fates during development and self-renewal. Recent studies have demonstrated that this pathway is integral to a complex system of interactions, involving as ... | In conclusion, slight alterations in one player of Notch signaling alter the entire organism, emphasizing the fine-tuning character of this pathway in a high number of processes. | yes |
19,556,444 | Does new testing approach in HLA genotyping help overcome barriers in effective clinical practice? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe and potentially fatal hypersensitivity reactions to drugs, particularly antiepileptics, are clinically unpredictable. Recent evidence has revealed a strong and specific association between the implicated drug, the type of adverse reaction, and the particular HLA genotype. An urgent need ex... | Our study confirmed that the new LAMP method for detecting a specific HLA genotype is simple, inexpensive, accurate, and rapid, and may be of help in overcoming barriers in effective clinical practice. | yes |
19,557,602 | Is the electric field a sufficient physical determinant of the human magnetic sense? | {
"contexts": [
"The onset and offset of weak low-frequency magnetic fields triggered evoked potentials in human subjects that could be detected using nonlinear analysis, but not by means of time averaging. Because the magnetic fields and their induced electric fields were both present in the brain, their respect... | The evoked potentials described here, as well as those observed previously in response to magnetic stimuli, were probably triggered by the induced electric field. | yes |
19,553,294 | Does physical activity attenuate the body mass index-increasing influence of genetic variation in the FTO gene? | {
"contexts": [
"Intronic variation in the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene has been unequivocally associated with increased body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) and the risk of obesity in populations of different ethnicity.",
"We examined whether this robust genetic predisposition to obesity can be at... | Our results showed that PA attenuates the effect of the FTO rs1121980 genotype on BMI and WC. This observation has important public health implications because we showed that a genetic susceptibility to obesity induced by FTO variation can be overcome, at least in part, by adopting a physically active lifestyle. | yes |
19,553,295 | Does lysine ingestion markedly attenuate the glucose response to ingested glucose without a change in insulin response? | {
"contexts": [
"Ingested proteins are known to stimulate a rise in insulin and glucagon concentrations. In our effort to explain this effect, we have begun to measure the effect of individual amino acids.",
"The objectives were to determine the effect of lysine ingestion on insulin and glucagon concentration... | Lysine ingestion results in a small decrease in serum glucose and an increase in glucagon and insulin concentrations. Lysine ingested with glucose dramatically attenuated the glucose-stimulated glucose response, but there was no change in insulin response. Whether similar effects will be observed with more physiologic ... | yes |
19,553,297 | Is an obesogenic postnatal environment more important than the fetal environment for the development of adult adiposity : a study of female twins? | {
"contexts": [
"A relation between birth weight and adult body composition has been reported in singleton populations, especially when more accurate measures of body composition, such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were used. It remains uncertain whether this is mediated by a direct effect of fetal nu... | A higher birth weight is associated with a higher proportion of lean to fat mass as adults. However, these analyses suggest that this association is not determined by individual specific factors in utero (eg, fetal nutrition) but through factors in the shared common environment of the twins. | yes |
19,568,208 | Does a yearlong exercise intervention decrease CRP among obese postmenopausal women? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of a yearlong moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention on C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) among overweight or obese postmenopausal women.",
"In a randomized controlled trial, 115 postmenopausal, overweight or obese, s... | A moderate-intensity exercise intervention reduced CRP for 12 months among women who were obese at baseline. These findings support the role of exercise in modulating inflammatory processes that are related to increased risk of chronic disease among obese women. | yes |
19,553,724 | Is helicobacter pylori coinfection a confounder , modulating mucosal inflammation in oral submucous fibrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The oral cavity has been considered a potential reservoir for Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) , from where the organism causes recurrent gastric infections.",
"With this case-control study we tried to evaluate the role of H pylori in the etiology of mucosal inflammation, a condition that compo... | The contribution of the H pylori in dental plaque to mucosal inflammation and periodontal disease was significant. Logistic regression analysis showed gastrointestinal disease and poor oral hygiene as being the greatest risk factors for bacterial colonization, irrespective of the subject groups. A positive correlation ... | yes |
19,542,081 | Does a common variant in the adiponutrin gene influence liver enzyme values? | {
"contexts": [
"Two recent genome-wide association studies identified the liver expressed transmembrane protein adiponutrin to be associated with liver related phenotypes such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver function enzymes. These associations were not uniformly reported for various ethnicities. ... | The highly significant associations of this transversion polymorphism within the adiponutrin gene with increased ALT and AST concentrations support a role for adiponutrin as a susceptibility gene for hepatic dysfunction. | yes |
19,550,433 | Is dietary fibre intake inversely associated with carotid intima-media thickness : a cross-sectional assessment in the PREDIMED study? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the association between the intake of dietary fibre and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.",
"Baseline cross-sectional assessment of 457 men and women (average age 67 years) from two different Spanish centres of the PREDIM... | Our results suggest that high fibre intake is inversely associated with carotid atherosclerosis. | yes |
19,548,890 | Does lactobacillus fermentum BCS87 express mucus- and mucin-binding proteins on the cell surface? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify and characterize adhesion-associated proteins in the potential probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum BCS87.",
"Protein suspensions obtained from the treatment of Lact. fermentum BCS87 with 1 mol 1(-1) LiCl were analysed by Western blotting using HRP-labelled porcine mucus and mucin. T... | Adhesion of Lact. fermentum BCS87 appeared to be mediated by two surface-associated proteins. 32-Mmubp is a component of ABC transporter system that also functions as an adhesin. | yes |
19,568,427 | Does early low protein diet aggravate unbalance between antioxidant enzymes leading to islet dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Islets from adult rat possess weak antioxidant defense leading to unbalance between superoxide dismutase (SOD) and hydrogen peroxide-inactivating enzymatic activities, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) rending them susceptible to oxidative stress. We have shown that this vulnerabili... | Modification in antioxidant activity by maternal low protein diet could predispose to pancreatic islet dysfunction later in life and provide new insights to define a molecular mechanism responsible for intrauterine programming of endocrine pancreas. | yes |
19,551,703 | Is disagreement in preference for residential care between family caregivers and elders greater among cognitively impaired elders group than cognitively intact elders group? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examined the predictive factors of preference for residential care in cognitively intact and impaired elders and their family caregivers. It was hypothesized that disagreement in preference for residential care between the elders and their caregivers was greater in the cognitively impa... | Cognitively intact elders were more likely to indicate preference for residential care than cognitively impaired elders. Elders, both cognitively intact and impaired, were less likely than their caregivers to indicate preference for residential care. Disagreement in preference for residential care between the elders an... | yes |
19,548,848 | Are hER1-4 protein concentrations in normal breast tissue from breast cancer patients expressed by the same profile as in the malignant tissue? | {
"contexts": [
"The epidermal growth factor receptor HER2 is overexpressed or amplified in 25%-30% of patients with breast cancer. The mechanism behind HER2 amplification is unknown, but may be a patho-physiological phenomenon caused by continuous stimulation and activation of the HER1-4 system. We have mapped t... | We suggest that these findings indicate that breast cancer is a systemic disease where the HER1-4 system in autologous reference tissue is continuously activated, thus favoring the subsequent development of cancer. | yes |
19,539,205 | Is interstitial cystitis an etiology of chronic pelvic pain in young women? | {
"contexts": [
"The prevalence of interstitial cystitis (IC) in young women, especially in those 18 years old or younger, is not well defined. This case series was performed to investigate IC as a cause of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) in young women.",
"Case series.",
"University medical center.",
"Twen... | The results of this study suggest that interstitial cystitis is an etiology of CPP in young women. Evaluation of the bladder as an origin of pelvic pain is warranted in young women with CPP and urinary frequency or dyspareunia. | yes |
19,550,211 | Does p16 improve interobserver agreement in diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluation of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is subjective. Previous studies have shown p16 and Ki-67 expressions to correlate with AIN grade. Biomarkers like p16 and Ki-67 may improve interobserver agreement. The objectives were (1) to determine the extent of interobserver agreement in eva... | Interobserver agreement for diagnosis of AIN was fair when based solely on H&E preparation. p16 alone improved interobserver agreement and demonstrated superior agreement when compared with H&E, Ki-67, and H&E/p16/Ki-67 combined. | yes |
19,548,844 | Is chromosome 9p21 polymorphism associated with myocardial infarction but not with clinical outcome in Han Chinese? | {
"contexts": [
"rs1333049 polymorphism on chromosome 9p21 has been shown to affect susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD) in Caucasians. This study examined the association of rs1333049 with myocardial infarction (MI), angiographic severity of CAD and clinical outcome after a first acute MI in Han Chine... | This study demonstrates an association of rs1333049 polymorphism locus on chromosome 9p21 with risk for MI, but not with post-MI prognosis in Han Chinese. | yes |
19,565,485 | Do intravenous immunoglobulin and salicylate differentially modulate pathogenic processes leading to vascular damage in a model of Kawasaki disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystem vasculitis affecting children and is characterized by immune activation in the acute stage of disease. Systemic inflammation eventually subsides, although coronary arteritis persists, resulting in aneurysm formation. KD is the leading cause of acquired heart... | Therapeutic concentrations of IVIG and salicylate differentially modulate the expression of TNFalpha and its downstream effects. Further dissection of the biologic effects of aspirin in acute KD is necessary for the rational design of therapy. | yes |
19,565,487 | Is variation at the ANP32A gene associated with risk of hip osteoarthritis in women? | {
"contexts": [
"The ANP32A gene encodes a tumor suppressor molecule that plays a regulatory role in apoptosis and interferes with canonical Wnt signaling in vitro. We undertook this study to test whether genetic variation at ANP32A was associated with osteoarthritis (OA) in women.",
"Single-nucleotide polymo... | Our results provide evidence suggesting that ANP32A is involved in the pathogenesis of OA of the hip. | yes |
19,565,481 | Is fibroblast growth factor 2 an intrinsic chondroprotective agent that suppresses ADAMTS-5 and delays cartilage degradation in murine osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"We have previously identified in articular cartilage an abundant pool of the heparin-binding growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), which is bound to the pericellular matrix heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan. This pool of FGF-2 activates chondrocytes upon tissue loading and is re... | These data identify FGF-2 as a novel endogenous chondroprotective agent in articular cartilage. | yes |
19,560,507 | Does interaction of serotonin-related genes affect short-term antidepressant response in major depressive disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Four serotonin-related genes including guanine nucleotide binding protein beta polypeptide 3 (GNB3), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (HTR1A; serotonin receptor 1A), 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (HTR2A; serotonin receptor 2A), and solute carrier family 6 member 4 (SLC6A4; serotonin neurotransmi... | These results support the hypothesis that GNB3, HTR2A, and SLC6A4 may play a role in the outcome of short-term antidepressant treatment for MDD in an interactive manner. Future research with independent replication using large sample sizes is needed to confirm the functions of the candidate genes identified in this stu... | yes |
19,563,299 | Does fusobacterium nucleatum enter normal human oral fibroblasts in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Fusobacterium nucleatum, a commensal opportunistic oral bacterium, is capable of invading gingival epithelial cells, but the entrance into human primary oral fibroblast cells has not been documented. This study evaluated the ability of three strains of F. nucleatum (F. nucleatum ssp. nucleatum, F... | F. nucleatum was capable of entering GFs and PLFs in a manner that is dependent on the cell type and the bacterial strain. | yes |
19,542,263 | Do measures in the first year of therapy predict the response to interferon beta in MS? | {
"contexts": [
"Several criteria for treatment response to interferon beta (IFNbeta) have been proposed, although there is no consensus among different investigators. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical predictors of response during the first 12 months of... | In RRMS patients treated with IFNbeta, the combination of measures of disease activity and the presence of new active lesions on MRI may have a prognostic value for identifying patients with disease activity in the second and third year of therapy. | yes |
19,559,571 | Do hB-EGF-induced VEGF production and eNOS activation depend on both PI3 kinase and MAP kinase in HaCaT cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a member of growth factors that have been implicated in skin patho-physiology. Although endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appear to be involved in mitogenesis and chemotaxis... | These results demonstrate that HB-EGF-induced eNOS activation depends on p42/p44 MAPK, PI3K/Akt pathways and endogenous VEGF in HaCaT cells. | yes |
19,539,692 | Do splenic stromal niches support hematopoiesis of dendritic-like cells from precursors in bone marrow and spleen? | {
"contexts": [
"The aims of this study are to test the ability of stromal cells from murine spleen to support hematopoiesis, to define the tissue source of precursors that seed these hematopoietic niches, and to determine the type of cells produced.",
"Cloned isolates of murine spleen stroma have been develo... | The outcome has been development of a coculture system that supports hematopoiesis of immature myeloid dendritic-like cells in vitro. Although production of monocytes can occur in the presence of stroma-conditioned medium alone, production of DC is dependent on stromal cell interaction. Results presented here raise que... | yes |
19,568,691 | Is gng12 a novel negative regulator of LPS-induced inflammation in the microglial cell line BV-2? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammation plays a central role in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and AIDS dementia. Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and are the cells primarily responsible for the infl... | Modulating Gng12 mRNA levels using RNAi revealed a novel role for the factor in the negative regulation of the overall inflammatory response as based on effects on nitrite and TNFalpha levels. These data suggest that Gng12 is a negative regulator of the LPS response and may be an important factor in the overall inflamm... | yes |
19,539,150 | Does sustained release of erythropoietin using biodegradable gelatin hydrogel microspheres persistently improve lower leg ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesized that erythropoietin (EPO)-immersed gelatin hydrogel microspheres (GHM) injected into ischemic legs might continuously release a small amount of EPO to locally stimulate angiogenesis without unfavorable systemic effects.",
"EPO is a potent angiogenic factor, but its use for rel... | The present drug delivery system is suggested to have potential as a novel noninvasive therapy for ischemic peripheral artery disease. | yes |
19,570,211 | Does an imbalance between apoptosis and proliferation contribute to follicular persistence in polycystic ovaries in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Cystic ovarian disease is an important cause of infertility that affects bovine, ovine, caprine and porcine species and even human beings. Alterations in the ovarian micro-environment of females with follicular cysts could alter the normal processes of proliferation and programmed cell death in o... | These results show that the combination of weak proliferation indices and low apoptosis observed in follicular cysts, could explain the cause of the slow growth of cystic follicles and the maintenance of a static condition without degeneration, which leads to their persistence. These alterations may be due to structura... | yes |
19,551,335 | Is early activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 associated with blood-brain barrier disruption after photothrombotic cerebral ischemia in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a critical event for disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during cerebral ischemia. Among the MMPs, MMP-2, and MMP-9 expression were reported to be significantly elevated after the onset of ischemia. The aim of this study was to investi... | The early activation of MMP-9 was correlated with the increase in the permeability of the BBB. Our findings suggest that MMP-9 is the key factor involved in BBB disruption and subsequent brain injury after photothrombotic cerebral ischemia in rats. | yes |
19,545,664 | Does pretreatment with calcitonin gene-related peptide attenuate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxygen free radicals and apoptosis play important roles in liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We sought to investigate the protective effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) to attenuate liver I/R injury due to oxygen free radicals and apoptosis.",
"Harvested rat livers were pe... | CGRP ameliorated liver I/R injury due to reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. | yes |
19,545,668 | Does serine protease inhibitor aprotinin ameliorate renal injury in a rat model of ischemia-perfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury may occur after renal transplantation, thoracoabdominal aortic surgery, and renal artery interventions.",
"To investigate the therapeutic effects of aprotinin on tissue protection against I/R injury in a rat model. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a potent antio... | Our results suggest that administration of aprotinin attenuates renal I/R injury. This observation has potential application for kidney preservation for transplantation, for aortic surgery, and for renal artery interventions by protecting cells from free radical damage. | yes |
19,546,655 | Is diffusion tensor imaging of the posterior cingulate a useful biomarker of mild cognitive impairment? | {
"contexts": [
"Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is recognized as a predementia state, but its definition is inconsistent and only 20%-30% develop dementia after 2 years. Biomarkers may help identify individuals at greatest risk of progressive decline. The authors examine a novel neuroimaging technique, diffusion... | DTI of the posterior cingulate region discriminates MCI from cognitively normal individuals with accuracy and has the potential to be used as a biomarker of MCI, in particular aMCI. | yes |
19,563,530 | Do osteoblasts play key roles in the mechanisms of action of strontium ranelate? | {
"contexts": [
"Strontium ranelate reduces fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Evidence from non-clinical studies and analyses of bone markers in phase III trials indicate that this is due to an increase in osteoblast formation and a decrease of osteoclastic resorption. The aim of this work ... | Our results demonstrate that osteoblasts play a key role in the mechanism of action of the anti-fracture agent, strontium ranelate by mediating both its anabolic and anti-resorptive actions, at least in part, via activation of CaSR. | yes |
19,567,535 | Do adenomatous human parathyroid cells exhibit impaired sensitivity to L-amino acids? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary hyperparathyroidism, which occurs most commonly in patients with adenomatous disease of a single parathyroid gland, arises as a result of impaired extracellular Ca(2+) (Ca(2+)(o))-dependent feedback on PTH secretion, a process mediated by the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR).",
"Because... | Impaired L-amino acid sensing by calcium-sensing receptors in adenomatous parathyroid cells contributes to the loss of feedback control of PTH secretion in primary hyperparathyroidism. The CaR's amino acid binding site may be exploited as a target in the medical treatment of primary and perhaps other forms of hyperpara... | yes |
19,540,879 | Is immunoreactive endomorphin 2 generated extracellularly in rat isolated L4,5 dorsal root ganglia by DPP-IV? | {
"contexts": [
"The gene(s) encoding for endomorphin precursor(s) is/are still unknown. We have raised the possibility of and did find some evidence for a potential de novo biosynthetic route starting from Tyr-Pro precursor. To pursue further this possibility we measured the generation of immunoreactive endomorp... | In rat isolated dorsal root ganglia the combination of presumed biosynthetic precursor of endomorphin 2 (E2), Tyr-Pro with the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor Ile-Pro-Ile generated 1.60+/-0.37 pg/mg Wet Tissue Weight_30 min E2-IR in the bathing fluid (n=4) with an 8-fold increase upon depolarization whereas ... | yes |
19,560,716 | Is postprandial walking better for lowering the glycemic effect of dinner than pre-dinner exercise in type 2 diabetic individuals? | {
"contexts": [
"In prior studies of exercise done before or after breakfast and lunch, postprandial activity generally reduces glycemia more than pre-meal. This study sought to examine the effects of exercise before or after an evening meal.",
"Examined the differing effects of a single bout of pre- or postp... | Postprandial walking may be more effective at lowering the glycemic impact of the evening meal in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with pre-meal or no exercise and may be an effective means to blunt postprandial glycemic excursions. | yes |
19,566,756 | Is smaller amygdala associated with anxiety in patients with panic disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Anxiety a core feature of panic disorder, is linked to function of the amygdala. Volume alterations in the brain of patients with panic disorder have previously been reported, but there has been no report of amygdala volume association with anxiety.",
"Volumes of hippocampus and amygdala were... | These findings suggested that the smaller volume of the amygdala may be associated with anxiety in panic disorder. Of note, the smaller subregion in the amygdala estimated on VBM could correspond to the corticomedial nuclear group including the central nucleus, which may play a crucial role in panic attack. | yes |
19,549,768 | Do hPV16 tumor associated macrophages suppress antitumor T cell responses? | {
"contexts": [
"High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiologic factor for cervical cancer. The severity of HPV-associated cervical lesions has been correlated to the number of infiltrating macrophages. The objective of this work is to characterize the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) on the... | M2-like macrophages infiltrate HPV16-associated tumors causing suppression of antitumor T-cell response, thus facilitating tumor growth. Depletion or phenotype alteration of this population should be considered in immunotherapy strategies. | yes |
19,554,246 | Does femoral bone mineral density reflect histologically determined cortical bone volume in hemodialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"We evaluated the associations between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and histologically determined cancellous and cortical bone volume by controlling for vascular calcifications and demographic variables in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Femoral bone mineral density (f-BMD) was associated wi... | The usefulness of l-BMD for predicting bone volume is limited most probably because of interference by soft tissue calcifications. In contrast, f-BMD shows significant association with cortical porosity. | yes |
19,556,268 | Does bilateral L1 and L2 dorsal root ganglion block for discogenic low-back pain? | {
"contexts": [
"It is possible that interruption of nociceptive input from intervertebral discs can be modulated through bilateral L1 and L2 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) blockade. In order to test this hypothesis, we prospectively collected data from patients with low-lumbar pain, accurately diagnosed as discogenic... | We conclude that blocks of this nociceptive pathway in humans using bilateral DRG blocks has no therapeutic value. | yes |
19,542,481 | Is daily physical activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mainly associated with dynamic hyperinflation? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the major limitation to exercise performance in patients with COPD is dynamic hyperinflation, little is known about its relation to daily physical activity.",
"To analyze the contribution of dynamic hyperinflation, exercise tolerance, and airway oxidative stress to physical activity ... | Daily physical activity of patients with COPD is mainly associated with dynamic hyperinflation, regardless of severity classification. | yes |
19,553,231 | Is the diagnostic value of provocative clinical tests in ulnar neuropathy at the elbow marginal? | {
"contexts": [
"Provocative clinical tests are often performed in the diagnosis of ulnar neuropathy at the elbow (UNE) although the evidence for the usefulness of these tests is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of provocative clinical tests in the diagnosis of UNE in a relevan... | The diagnostic value of provocative clinical tests in UNE is poor. | yes |
19,566,761 | Do thyroid hormones affect recovery from depression during antidepressant treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether thyroid hormonal changes during menopause may affect the development and the course of major depressive disorder.",
"Thirty-nine female patients (n = 17 in pre-menopause; n = 22 in post-menopause) with major depressive disorder based on Dia... | Our study suggests that thyroid hormones may have an impact on severity and efficacy of antidepressant treatment. However, our result should be considered with caution and merely as a suggestion due to some methodological limitations. Hence further studies are required to better ascertain the role of thyroid hormones i... | yes |
19,546,279 | Does emergency ambulance transport induce stress in patients with acute coronary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Trials with healthy volunteers have shown that emergency ambulance transportation induces stress, which becomes evident by an increase in heart rate, blood pressure and plasma levels of stress hormones such as adrenaline, noradrenaline, cortisol and prolactin. A study was undertaken to test the h... | Emergency ambulance transportation induces a rise in plasma catecholamine levels and therefore stress in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but does not result in cardiac shock as lactate levels and haemodynamic parameters remain normal. | yes |
19,549,696 | Does neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL ) reflect iron status in haemodialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"An iron deficiency is often present in haemodialysis (HD) patients; however, although transferrin saturation (TSAT) of <20% and/or serum ferritin of <200 ng/mL should express iron scarcity, in HD patients high ferritin levels could be related to inflammation rather than reflecting optimal iron st... | The findings demonstrated that HD patients have altered NGAL values probably because this protein is involved in the maintenance of iron equilibrium. Finally, NGAL might be proposed as a new tool in the assessment of iron deficiency and in the management of iron therapy for HD patients. | yes |
19,549,692 | Does hypoxia interfere with connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF ) gene expression in human proximal tubular cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxia plays an important role in kidney injury. By the stabilization of the transcription factor HIF-1, hypoxia affects gene expression also in tubular epithelial cells. Increased expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is observed in different kidney diseases and is associated wit... | We provide evidence that hypoxia inhibits CTGF synthesis in human proximal tubular epithelial cells, involving HIF-1alpha. Under hypoxic conditions, induction of CTGF by TGF-beta was repressed. The reduced synthesis of the profibrotic factor CTGF may contribute to a potential protective effect of hypoxic preconditionin... | yes |
19,565,630 | Is increased expression of hyaluronic acid binding protein 1 correlated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyaluronic acid binding protein 1 (HABP1), a family of proteins interacting with hyaluronan (HA), had been associated with cell adhesion and tumor invasion. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between clinicopathologic factors and patient survival time with the expression of ... | HABP1 might be an independent predictive factor for breast cancer prognosis and up-regulation of HABP1 might play an important role in the metastasis of breast cancer. | yes |
19,545,447 | Do ethnicity and OPRM variant independently predict pain perception and patient-controlled analgesia usage for post-operative pain? | {
"contexts": [
"Morphine consumption can vary widely between individuals even for identical surgical procedures. As mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) is known to modulate pain perception and mediate the analgesic effects of opioid compounds in the central nervous system, we examined the influence of two OPRM polymorphi... | Our results suggest that ethnicity and OPRM 118A>G genotype are independent and significant contributors to variation in pain perception and postoperative morphine use in patients undergoing cesarean delivery. | yes |
19,545,444 | Does the Ets dominant repressor En/Erm enhance intestinal epithelial tumorigenesis in ApcMin mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Ets transcription factors have been widely implicated in the control of tumorigenesis, with most studies suggesting tumor-promoting roles. However, few studies have examined Ets tumorigenesis-modifying functions in vivo using model genetic systems.",
"Using mice expressing a previously charac... | Our findings provide in vivo evidence for a tumor-restricting function of endogenous Ets factors in the intestinal epithelium. | yes |
19,545,437 | Is collagen fleece-bound fibrin sealant associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic events or major bleeding after its use for haemostasis in surgery : a prospective multicentre surveillance study? | {
"contexts": [
"Topical haemostatic agents are used to help achieve haemostasis during surgery when standard surgical techniques are insufficient. The objective of this study was to confirm the safety profile of an equine collagen patch coated with human fibrinogen and human thrombin with particular focus on the... | Collagen fleece-bound fibrin sealant does not appear to be associated with an increased risk of TEEs, major bleeding or immunological events in patients undergoing surgery. | no |
19,541,353 | Is fibronectin a TH1-specific molecule in human subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"T(H)1 cell-mediated immunity is essential for host defense against a variety of intracellular pathogens, such as mycobacteria, salmonella, and Leishmania species. A major T(H)1-mediated effector mechanism involves the IFN-gamma-induced killing of the pathogen by infected macrophages.",
"The r... | Because fibronectin also plays a major role in the attachment and opsonization of numerous intracellular pathogens, we propose that it might be a critical molecule produced by T(H)1 cells involved in pathogen eradication. | yes |
19,541,350 | Does nitric oxide inhibit IFN regulatory factor 1 and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Nitric oxide (NO) has previously been shown to inhibit human rhinovirus (HRV) replication in airway epithelial cells and to inhibit rhinovirus-induced epithelial cytokine and chemokine production independently of its effects on viral replication by modulating nuclear translocation and binding of ... | Nitric oxide blocks rhinovirus-mediated activation and nuclear translocation of both NF-kappaB and IRF-1. NO also directly inhibits the binding of each of these transcription factors to their respective recognition sites in the CXCL10 promoter. In addition, the ability of HRV-16 to induce epithelial expression of IRF-1... | yes |
19,541,351 | Are lung mast cells a source of secreted phospholipases A2? | {
"contexts": [
"Secreted phospholipases A(2) (sPLA(2)s) are released in plasma and other biologic fluids of patients with inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic diseases.",
"We sought to evaluate sPLA(2) activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of asthmatic patients and to examine the expression a... | sPLA(2) activity is increased in the airways of asthmatic patients. HLMCs express multiple sPLA(2)s and release 1 or more of them when activated by anti-IgE. The sPLA(2)s released by mast cells contribute to LTC(4) production by acting in an autocrine fashion. Mast cells can be a source of sPLA(2)s in the airways of as... | yes |
19,563,652 | Does habitat adaptation rather than genetic distance correlate with female preference in fire salamanders ( Salamandra salamandra )? | {
"contexts": [
"Although some mechanisms of habitat adaptation of conspecific populations have been recently elucidated, the evolution of female preference has rarely been addressed as a force driving habitat adaptation in natural settings. Habitat adaptation of fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra), as found... | A comparative analysis of our data showed that habitat adaptation rather than neutral genetic distance correlates with female preference in these salamanders, and that habitat-dependent female preference of a specific pond-reproducing population may have been lost during adaptation to the novel environmental conditions... | yes |
19,540,726 | Are personality problems considerably associated with somatic morbidity and health care utilisation? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the associations between the presence of personality problems and somatic morbidity and health care utilisation.",
"The Iowa Personality Disorder Screen was administered in order to identify persons with personality problems in a Norwegian population survey (the Oslo Health Study -... | In this population based study, personality problems in young adults based on DSM-IV personality disorder criteria were associated with increased occurrence of somatic morbidity and primary health care utilisation. The relevance for GP to take personality problems into account during consultations is underlined and a m... | yes |
19,540,722 | Do formal definitions of measurement bias and explanation bias clarify measurement and conceptual perspectives on response shift? | {
"contexts": [
"Response shift is generally associated with a change in the meaning of test scores, impeding the comparison of repeated measurements. Still, different researchers have different views of response shift. From a measurement perspective, response shift can be considered as bias in the measurement of... | It is important to distinguish between measurement and conceptual perspectives as they involve different ideas about response shift. Definitions from both perspectives help to resolve conceptual and methodological confusion around response shift and to further its research. | yes |
19,568,167 | Does desflurane selectively suppress long-latency cortical neuronal response to flash in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"The effect of inhalational anesthetics on sensory-evoked unit activity in the cerebral cortex has been controversial. Desflurane has desirable properties for in vivo neurophysiologic studies, but its effect on cortical neuronal activity and neuronal responsiveness is not known. The authors studie... | The results indicate that visual cortex neurons remain responsive to flash stimulation under desflurane anesthesia, but the long-latency component of their response is attenuated in a concentration-dependent manner. Suppression of the long-latency response may be related to a loss of corticocortical feedback and loss o... | yes |
19,570,720 | Is later toilet training associated with urge incontinence in children? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to determine if later toilet training is associated with urge incontinence in children.",
"We used a case-control study design to yield level 2 evidence.",
"Initiation of toilet training after 32 months of age was associated with urge incontinence (P=0.02).... | For children who display signs of toilet-training readiness, training should be initiated prior to 32 months of age to reduce the risk for urge incontinence. | yes |
19,564,913 | Is boule present in fish and bisexually expressed in adult and embryonic germ cells of medaka? | {
"contexts": [
"The DAZ family genes boule, daz and dazl encode RNA binding proteins essential for fertility of diverse animals including human. dazl has bisexual expression in both mitotic and meiotic germ cells, whereas daz has male premeiotic expression, and boule is largely a unisexual meiotic regulator. Alt... | The identification of fish boule and dazl genes provides direct evidence for the early gene duplication during vertebrate evolution. Our finding that Obol exhibits bisexual expression in both embryonic and adult germ cells considerably extends the diversity of boule expression patterns and offers a new insight into the... | yes |
19,540,007 | Does preconditioning with high mobility group box 1 protein protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether preconditioning with high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) could reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury.",
"Infarct size, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were assessed. HMGB1 pr... | The present study suggested that preconditioning with HMGB1 could induce HMGB1 tolerance and protect against myocardial I/R injury. | yes |
19,540,572 | Does nox4 mediate the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 via p38 MAPK pathway in cultured human endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is the most potent endogenous inhibitor of fibrinolysis which is implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome. The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the pathology of vascular disorders ... | The NADPH oxidase inhibitors DPI and S 17834 as well as Nox4 silencing decreased PAI-1 synthesis in human cultured endothelial cells demonstrating the involvement of the constitutively active Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase in ROS-mediated PAI-1 transcription via p38 MAPK pathways. NADPH oxidase targeting with inhibitors... | yes |
19,539,998 | Do subgenual cingulate and visual cortex responses to sad faces predict clinical outcome during antidepressant treatment for depression? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous follow-up studies indicate that increased visual cortical, ventral cingulate and subcortical responses of depressed individuals to sad facial stimuli, but not happy stimuli could represent reversible markers of disease severity. We hypothesized that greater responses in these areas to sa... | The sample size was modest and patients were taking a variety of antidepressants. | yes |
19,540,436 | Does notch signaling enhance osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting adipogenesis in primary human bone marrow stromal cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The Notch signaling pathway has been shown to play a role in bone marrow-derived stromal cell differentiation, however, the precise outcome of Notch activation remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Notch signaling in primary human bone marrow-derived stromal c... | In summary, our data suggest that induction of Notch signaling enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs while inhibiting the adipogenic fate. | yes |
19,550,335 | Are the oncologic results of laparoscopic radical cystectomy ( yet ) equivalent to open cystectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare oncologic outcomes in a contemporary series of patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RCX) by the laparoscopic or open approach.",
"Laparoscopic RCX with extracorporeally constructed urinary diversion is a safe and effective operation for appropriate patients with bladder cancer. ... | When stage distribution (organ-confined versus nonorgan-confined) and survival rates of laparoscopic and open RCX are cross-checked against surrogate markers (LN+, margin+, distant failure, local recurrence rate, etc.), it becomes easily obvious that the laparoscopic RCX and open cohorts are not identical. To explain t... | no |
19,539,322 | Does selective pharmacological blockade of the TRPV1 receptor suppress sensory reflexes of the rodent bladder? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the pharmacological effect of TRPV1 antagonists in anesthetized rodent models of bladder function.",
"The TRPV1 antagonists JNJ17203212 and JYL1421 were evaluated in the anesthetized rat volume induced micturition reflex model. JNJ17203212 was further evaluated in this model i... | The TRPV1 antagonists JNJ17203212 and JYL1421 increased the threshold for activation of the micturition reflex in the anesthetized rat volume induced micturition reflex model. This effect appeared to be mediated by capsaicin sensitive afferents. JNJ17203212 also inhibited detrusor overactivity induced by intravesical c... | yes |
19,539,325 | Does dNA microarray expression profiling of bladder cancer allow identification of noninvasive diagnostic markers? | {
"contexts": [
"There is a need in urological practice to identify new bladder cancer molecular markers to further develop noninvasive diagnostic tests. We analyzed bladder cancer gene expression profiles to determine the relevant differentially expressed genes and whether this differential expression is maintai... | Bladder cancer analysis by DNA microarrays provides new putative mRNA markers for bladder cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis that can be extrapolated to bladder fluids. | yes |
19,558,273 | Is index of central obesity better than waist circumference in defining metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) global definition of metabolic syndrome suggests using race- and gender-specific waist circumference (WC) cutoffs. Previously, we have hypothesized that need for gender- and race-specific cutoffs could be obviated by supplanting WC with index of central... | ICO appears better than WC in defining metabolic syndrome in terms of better sensitivity and potential to be used with single cutoff for both genders. | yes |
19,563,644 | Does nMD inhibition fail to identify tumour suppressor genes in microsatellite stable gastric cancer cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastric cancers frequently show chromosomal alterations which can cause activation of oncogenes, and/or inactivation of tumour suppressor genes. In gastric cancer several chromosomal regions are described to be frequently lost, but for most of the regions, no tumour suppressor genes have been ide... | Although UPF1 was substantially repressed, thus resulting in the inhibition of the NMD system, we did not find genes inactivated by nonsense mutations. Our results show that the GINI strategy leads to a high number of false positives. | yes |
19,543,119 | Is bronchioloalveolar carcinoma ( lepidic growth ) component a more useful prognostic factor than lymph node metastasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Although many factors predictive of patient survival have been reported for lung cancer, no comparative studies have attempted to determine those that are most significant for practical medicine.",
"We conducted a retrospective review of 139 patients who underwent complete resection of adenoc... | In comparison with other immunohistochemical and histopathologic factors, BAC/LG component is independently and reliably prognostic for small adenocarcinoma of the lung, and, in particular, for the major histologic subtype (adenocarcinoma mixed subtype with BAC/LG), BAC/LG component is more reliably prognostic than lym... | yes |
19,551,151 | Is mYC a metastasis gene for non-small-cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Metastasis is a process by which cancer cells learn to form satellite tumors in distant organs and represents the principle cause of death of patients with solid tumors. NSCLC is the most lethal human cancer due to its high rate of metastasis.",
"Lack of a suitable animal model has so far ham... | Potential markers for detection of metastasis were identified and validated for diagnosis of human biopsies. These markers may represent targets for future therapeutic intervention as they include genes such as Gata4 that are exclusively expressed during lung development. | yes |
19,546,526 | Does ischemic preconditioning attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting activation of IKKbeta and inflammatory response? | {
"contexts": [
"Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of acute renal failure (ARF). The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) has been implicated as a key mediator of reperfusion injury. Activation of NF-kappaB is dependent upon the phosphorylation of its inhibitor, IkappaB, b... | The evidence suggests that IKKbeta may play a role in renal I/R injury and give rise to the generation of NGAL. It appears that IPC may attenuate renal injury and the expression of NGAL following acute I/R injury. IKKbeta may offer a clinically accessible target for preventing renal injury following I/R. | yes |
19,557,478 | Is complete soft tissue sarcoma resection a viable treatment option for select elderly patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Decreased performance status, comorbidities, and disease natural history may erode enthusiasm for soft tissue sarcoma (STS) resection in elderly patients. Consequently, we evaluated the outcome of elderly patients amenable to complete surgical resection treated at a single institution.",
"Pro... | Properly selected elderly patients can safely undergo extensive STS resections. Until more effective therapies become available, surgery in the elderly is indicated and remains the best means for STS control. | yes |
19,560,530 | Does triptolide promote generation of FoxP3+ T regulatory cells in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Triptolide (TPT), a component of the Chinese herb Triptergium wilfordii, has potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity and is used clinically in recipients of kidney transplantation.",
"This work aimed to investigate the effect of TPT on the differentiation of regulatory T lymph... | These data suggest that TPT may promote the differentiation of CD4+ cells to FoxP3+ Tregs. This would be at least one of the pathways responsible for the immunosuppressive activity of TPT. | yes |
19,543,062 | Is hepaticoduodenostomy an alternative to Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy for biliary reconstruction in live donor liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"A Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy (HJ) is usually performed during live donor liver transplantation (LDLT) when a duct-to-duct reconstruction is not possible. However, direct anastomosis of the bile duct to the duodenum (hepaticoduodenostomy [HD]) is an alternative technique for biliary repair that... | This preliminary case series suggests that that HD is a feasible alternative to HJ biliary anastomosis when a duct-to-duct anastomosis cannot be performed. HD offers the possible advantage of simple postoperative access to the biliary system by endoscopy and avoids complications caused by HJ bowel anastomosis. | yes |
19,543,068 | Does cyclosporine withdrawal improve long-term graft survival in renal transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"The reduction in renal transplant rejection rates achieved over the last 20 years have not translated into a commensurate improvement in long-term graft survival. Cyclosporine has been central to immunosuppressive regimens throughout this period but its effect on long-term transplant outcomes rem... | This study illustrates superior long-term renal transplant survival and preservation of renal function with a protocol using cyclosporine withdrawal. If long-term renal transplant outcomes are to improve, we should reconsider guidelines recommending universal maintenance use of cyclosporine. | yes |
19,556,864 | Is fulvestrant treatment associated with cholesterol plasma level reduction in hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Fulvestrant is a pure anti-estrogen hormoal agent formally lacking any estrogen-agonist activity. We analyze the effect(s) of fulvestrant treatment on estrogen target systems in hormoe-sensitive advanced breast cancer patients.",
"Patients received a median of five fulvestrant injections (ran... | We observed a lipid lowering effect of fulvestrant possibly related to an influence on lipid metabolism by a mechanism in which a role could be played by progesterone receptor. | yes |
19,564,586 | Are brain lesions most often reversible in acute thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura? | {
"contexts": [
"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare hematologic disorder that frequently presents with neurologic involvement. However, the yield and prognostic value of acute brain neuroimaging in patients with TTP has not been studied. Our aim was to evaluate brain imaging findings in consecuti... | Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is the most common brain imaging abnormality in severe manifestations of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Large infarctions and hemorrhage are infrequent. Consequently, abnormal brain neuroimaging does not seem to impact patient outcome, and full neurologic recovery is p... | yes |
19,570,209 | Does increased production of soluble CTLA-4 in patients with spondylarthropathies correlate with disease activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Spondylarthropathies (SpA) are characterized by abnormal immune responses including T cell activation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4) is involved in down-regulating immune responses. A soluble form of CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4), resulting from an alternative splicing, has been identi... | SpA patients exhibit high levels of circulating sCTLA-4 that may result from an alternative splicing of CTLA-4 transcripts. This may influence immune activation and regulation in SpA. | yes |
19,570,207 | Does integration of Bayesian molecular clock methods and fossil-based soft bounds reveal early Cenozoic origin of African lacertid lizards? | {
"contexts": [
"Although current molecular clock methods offer greater flexibility in modelling evolutionary events, calibration of the clock with dates from the fossil record is still problematic for many groups. Here we implement several new approaches in molecular dating to estimate the evolutionary ages of L... | This study represents the first attempt to estimate evolutionary ages of a specific group of reptiles exhibiting uncertain phylogenetic relationships, molecular rate variation and a poor fossil record. Our results emphasize the sensitivity of molecular divergence dates to fossil calibrations, and support the use of com... | yes |
19,557,586 | Does gNAS haploinsufficiency lead to subcutaneous tumor formation with collagen and elastin deposition and calcification? | {
"contexts": [
"The heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunit G(s)alpha links receptors to stimulation of cAMP/protein kinase A signaling, which inhibits skin fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. We now describe the development of fibrous tumors in mice with heterozygous disruption of the Gnas gene, whi... | These findings provide in vivo evidence that G(s)alpha pathways inhibit fibroblast and endothelial proliferation and matrix deposition. | yes |
19,557,589 | Is cytoplasm-to-nucleus shuttling of thyroid hormone receptor-beta1 ( Trbeta1 ) directed from a plasma membrane integrin receptor by thyroid hormone? | {
"contexts": [
"In CV-1 cells, shuttling from cytoplasm to nucleus of the nuclear thyroid hormone receptor-beta1 (TRbeta1, TR) is shown in this report to be regulated by extracellular thyroid hormone at a hormone receptor on cell surface integrin alphav3.",
"The receptor was introduced into cells as a GFP-TR... | TR-GFP translocation in the presence of T(4) requires activation of extracellular-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). Inhibition of T(4)-binding to alphavbeta3 with anti-alphavbeta3 or Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide blocks T(4)-stimulated GFP-TR nuclear translocation, as do the hormone-binding inhibitor tetraiodothyroac... | yes |
19,563,953 | Does the hostile neck increase the risk of carotid endarterectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Hostile neck anatomy is assumed to be associated with increased surgical risk for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and is often considered a reason to choose carotid stenting or medical management. This retrospective case-control study evaluated whether, and how much, anatomically... | Hostile necks led to more complex CEA procedures but without substantial consequences in early and late morbidity and mortality. Most patients with hostile neck can undergo CEA at low risk, with the benefit of effective long-lasting stroke prevention similar to standard patients. In our opinion, the more frequent but t... | no |
19,559,778 | Does glycyrretinic acid block cardiac sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Licorice has been used to treat many ailments including cardiovascular disorders in China for long time. Recent studies have shown that the cardiac actions of licorice have been attributed to its active component, glycyrretinic acid (GA). However, its mechanism remains poorly understood.",
"T... | GA blocked cardiac sodium currents, particularly late I(Na.) Our findings might help to understand the traditional use of licorice in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, because reduction of sodium currents (particularly late I(Na)) would be expected to provide protection from Na(+)-induced Ca(2+) overload and c... | yes |
19,554,386 | Is depressed affect associated with poorer cardiovascular recovery in young women following a mental stressor? | {
"contexts": [
"Depressed mood has been prospectively associated with hypertension. Altered ANS function, as reflected in poor CV recovery, may be one mechanism that underlies this relationship.",
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between depressed mood and cardiovascular recover... | Greater depressed mood was associated with greater HR reactivity and poorer DBP recovery. This is the first study to directly investigate associations between depressed mood and CV recovery following mental stress. | yes |
19,556,280 | Is reverse rate dependency an intrinsic property of canine cardiac preparations? | {
"contexts": [
"Class III antiarrhythmic agents exhibit reverse rate-dependent lengthening of the action potential duration (APD). In spite of the several theories developed so far to explain this reverse rate dependency (RRD), its mechanism has not yet been clarified. The aim of the present work was to further ... | RRD of APD modulation is shared, although with differences in magnitude, by interventions of very different nature. RRD can be interpreted as a consequence of the relationship between I(m) and APD and, as such, is expected in all species having positive APD-CL relationship. This implies that the development of agents p... | yes |
19,556,325 | Do older men with higher self-rated socioeconomic status have shorter telomeres? | {
"contexts": [
"previous studies examining the relationship between socioeconomic status and telomere length showed conflicting results, one study finding shorter telomere length in subjects with lower socioeconomic status and one showing no relationship.",
"cross-sectional study.",
"community-living eld... | men with higher self-rated socioeconomic status have shorter telomeres, possibly mediated through psychosocial rather than lifestyle factors or the presence of chronic disease. There may be cultural ethnic and age-related differences in social determinants of health. | yes |
19,544,754 | Does polysomnographic and health-related quality of life correlate of restless legs syndrome in the Sleep Heart Health Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Sleep disturbance is the primary clinical morbidity of restless legs syndrome (RLS). To date, sleep disturbance in RLS has been measured in (1) clinical samples with polysomnography (PSG) or (2) population-based samples by self-report. The objective of this study was to analyze sleep by PSG in a ... | These novel PSG data from a nonclinical, community-based sample of individuals with RLS document sleep disturbance in the home even in individuals with intermittent symptoms. | yes |
19,551,437 | Is minimally invasive colon resection for malignant colonic conditions associated with a transient early increase in plasma sVEGFR1 and a decrease in sVEGFR2 levels after surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasma VEGF levels increase after minimally invasive colorectal resection (MICR) and remain elevated for 2-4 weeks. VEGF induces physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis by binding to endothelial cell (EC) bound VEGF-Receptor-1 (VEGFR1) and VEGFR2. Soluble forms of these receptors sequester plasma... | sVEGFR2 values decreased and sVEGFR1 levels increased early after MICR; sVEGFR2 changes dominate due to their much larger magnitude. The net result is less plasma VEGF bound by soluble receptors and more plasma VEGF available to bind to ECs early after surgery. | yes |
19,548,027 | Do an update on long-term outcome of curative hepatic resection for hepatocholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a rare primary liver cancer. Its long-term prognosis is still not well-defined. Results from the Eastern and Western literature have been conflicting and no conclusions can be drawn. The aim of the present study was to review the long-term outcome of curative ... | Hepatocholangiocarcinoma entails poor long-term outcome after potentially curative hepatectomy. Other modalities of treatment should be explored in order to prolong survival of patients with this disease. | yes |
19,543,648 | Is [ Restless legs syndrome highly underdiagnosed in a neurologic-psychiatric outpatient clinic ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological condition that is characterized by the irresistible urge to move the legs and is very common. In the last decade, much attention has been focused on RLS, given its high occurrence, underdiagnosis, and impact on quality of life.",
"To determine th... | A low awareness of RLS exists in Chile, even among specialized physicians. | yes |
19,551,908 | Do human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C infections induce distinct immunologic imprints in peripheral mononuclear cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Coinfection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is present in one-third of all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals in the United States and is associated with rapid progression of liver fibrosis and poor response to pegylated interferon (IFN) and ribavirin. In this study we examined ... | An aberrant type-I IFN response seen exclusively in HIV-infected individuals could be responsible for the poor therapeutic response experienced by HIV/HCV coinfected individuals receiving interferon-alpha-based current standard of care. | yes |
19,565,572 | Does setting of care modify risk of nursing home placement for older adults with dementia? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to examine risk of nursing home (NH) placement among older adults receiving publicly funded home and community-based services (HCBS) or assisted living (AL) and to explore whether these settings of care modify the relationship between dementia and risk of NH placemen... | The findings suggest that differences in care provided in HCBS and AL may influence subsequent NH placement for older adults with dementia. | yes |
19,566,716 | Does iron-limited condition modulate biofilm formation and interaction with human epithelial cells of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli ( EAEC )? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of low iron availability on biofilm formation and adherence to HEp-2 cells of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strains isolated from diarrhoea cases.",
"The ability of EAEC to form biofilm on a plastic surface was evaluated quant... | Low iron availability may modulate biofilm formation and adhesive properties of EAEC strains to HEp-2 cells. | yes |
19,549,125 | Does population-based prostate-specific antigen testing in the UK lead to a stage migration of prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine, within the UK, the stage and grade of prostate cancers that would be found through population-based prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing and biopsy.",
"In the 'Prostate Testing for Cancer and Treatment' trial (ProtecT), men aged 50-69 years were recruited from nine cities in ... | Population-based PSA testing resulted in a significant downward stage and grade migration, and most such cancers were of low stage and grade, which could lead to risks of over-treatment for some men. | yes |
19,543,958 | Does specific immunotherapy to birch allergen enhance suppression of Th2 cells by CD4 ( + ) CD25 ( + ) regulatory T cells during pollen season? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the suppressive capacity of CD25(+) regulatory T cells on birch allergen-induced T-cell responses during the first birch pollen season after initiation of specific immunotherapy (SIT).",
"CD25(pos) and CD25(neg) T cells were purified from blood of birc... | These results suggest that the Th2-suppressive capacity of allergen-stimulated CD25(pos) Treg in vitro is not improved by SIT in spite of increased IL-10 production from T cells. | no |
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