pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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10,740,162 | Is benefits of magnesium in acute myocardial infarction : timing crucial? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate magnesium deficiency during and after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the role of intravenous magnesium therapy given in the early postinfarction period.",
"One hundred patients with AMI were randomly assigned to 2 equal groups and monitored over a 4-week period. The placebo... | The serum magnesium levels in patients with AMI were lower compared with controls. The administration of intravenous magnesium to patients in the immediate postinfarction period is cardioprotective and decreases the incidence of arrhythmia, pump dysfunction, and death. Thus intravenous magnesium is a safe, effective, a... | yes |
10,743,821 | Does synovial fluid glycosaminoglycan concentration correlate with severity of chondropathy or predict progression of osteoarthritis in a canine cruciate deficiency model? | {
"contexts": [
"Considerable interest exists today in biochemical or immunochemical tests for monitoring the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). It has been suggested that measurements made on synovial fluid (SF) will more accurately reflect the magnitude of cartilage destruction in an index joint than those per... | SF concentration of a cartilage derived molecule is unlikely to predict the course of cartilage damage in an OA joint over time or in response to treatment with a potential disease modifying OA drug. | no |
10,745,052 | Is ultradian rapid cycling in prepubertal and early adolescent bipolarity in transmission disequilibrium with val/met COMT alleles? | {
"contexts": [
"Prepubertal children and early adolescents with bipolar disorders (PEA-BP) who participate in the ongoing study \"Phenomenology and Course of Pediatric Bipolar Disorders\" have a high prevalence of ultradian (within 24-hour periods) rapid cycling. Based on a case-control finding reported in bipol... | The lack of linkage disequilibrium between l-COMT and ultradian rapid cycling in the PEA-BP sample compared to reported findings of an association in case-control studies of adults is discussed in terms of age-specific developmentally relevant phenotypes, anticipatory mechanisms, and heterogeneity. Repeat TDT analyses ... | no |
10,754,483 | Does human chorionic gonadotropin with C-elongated alpha-subunit retain full receptor binding and partial agonist activity? | {
"contexts": [
"To test whether extension of the C-terminus of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) alpha-subunit (halpha) alters the bioactivity of the recombined alphabeta heterodimer.",
"The stop codon of halpha was mutated to produce a 24 amino acid extension.",
"The extended halpha (alpha(+24)) was co... | The extension of alpha by itself does not lead to inhibition of the alphabeta heterodimer to LH receptors but the structure of the extension appears to play an important role. It is thus possible that one-chain hCG chimeras with the beta N-terminus fused to the alpha C-terminus might be active. | yes |
10,755,546 | Does mycophenolic acid-induced GTP depletion also affect ATP and pyrimidine synthesis in mitogen-stimulated primary human T-lymphocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is an effective immunosuppressant developed for use in organ transplantation. It specifically targets lymphocyte purine biosynthesis. However, side effects do occur. Understanding how the active metabolite of MMF, mycophenolic acid (MPA) affects the normally integrated... | MPA affects pyrimidine as well as purine responses to mitogens in T-lymphocytes, but not in an integrated way. The molecular mechanisms underlying these disproportionate changes can best be explained by MPA-related inhibition of amidophosphoribosyltransferase, catalysing the first step in purine biosynthesis. This woul... | yes |
10,755,549 | Does in vivo T-cell depletion enhance production of anti-GALalpha1,3GAL natural antibodies in alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase-deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been reported that T-cell depletion by in vivo treatment with monoclonal antibodies results in polyclonal B-cell activation. However, its effects on B cells responding to Galalpha1,3Gal (Gal) epitopes remain unknown.",
"alpha1,3-Galactosyltransferase-deficient (GalT-/-) mice were treat... | In vivo T-cell depletion facilitates anti-Gal IgM production, suggesting that T cells deliver inhibitory signals to B cells responding to Gal. | yes |
10,728,442 | Is synovial fluid lymphocyte proliferation in response to crude microbial antigens useful as a diagnostic test to specifically indicate a bacterial cause of arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the role of lymphocyte proliferation assay of synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMC) with whole fraction bacteria in the diagnosis of reactive arthritis (ReA) or arthritis of unknown origin.",
"We stimulated SFMC of 52 unselected patients who consecutively presented in our rheum... | Our findings show that a lymphocyte proliferation assay with SFMC with whole fraction bacteria is not an adequate diagnostic tool to confirm bacterial involvement in inflammatory arthritis. | no |
10,747,520 | Does the flow rate significantly influence the leukocyte depletion rate during prestorage in-line filtration of platelet concentrates? | {
"contexts": [
"White cell reduction of blood products minimizes the risks of alloimmunization against HLA-antigens, the transmission of viral diseases and the incidence of platelet transfusion reactions. One modern strategy is leukocyte depletion with an integrated filter system immediately after preparation an... | The filter system Sepacell PLX-5 BPS proved to be suitable for in-line filtration of platelet concentrates prior to storage. Filtration flow rates of up to 40 ml/min allowed efficient leukocyte depletion without significant loss in the quality of the platelet concentrates and the platelet function in vitro. | yes |
10,738,265 | Does variation in axillary node dissection influence the degree of nodal involvement in breast cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The number of positive axillary lymph nodes predicts prognosis and is often important in determining adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. This study was undertaken to determine if differences in the extent of axillary node dissection would alter the number of reported positive nodes."... | Variations in the level of axillary node dissection for breast cancer can result in significant changes in the number of positive axillary nodes. This can potentially bias adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations if treatment decisions are based on this prognostic factor. | yes |
10,736,283 | Is a newly created splice donor site in exon 25 of the MyBP-C gene responsible for inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with incomplete disease penetrance? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a myocardial disorder resulting from inherited sarcomeric dysfunction. We report a mutation in the myosin-binding protein-C (MyBP-C) gene, its clinical consequences in a large family, and myocardial tissue findings that may provide insight into the mechanism of dise... | Penetrance of this mutation was incomplete and age-dependent. The large number of asymptomatic carriers and the good prognosis support the interpretation of benign disease. | yes |
10,741,840 | Does childhood injuries and deaths due to fall from windows? | {
"contexts": [
"Unintentional injuries are the leading cause of death in children, and falls are the most common type of unintentional injury in the US. The incidence of falls from windows, a common cause of death in urban areas, has not been described outside major cities such as New York and Chicago, and rates... | Injuries from falls from windows are a public health problem in Hamilton County, Ohio, especially for young, urban children. | yes |
10,731,326 | Do quantitative 15 steps exercise oximetry as a marker of disease severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxemia is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a major factor in patients' prognosis and quality of life. The response to exercise has been evaluated by various means but no standardization has been accepted.",
"To suggest a simple outpatient technique for eva... | In patients with severe COPD, arterial hypoxemia during exercise can be assessed by simple 15 steps oximetry. This method can serve both as a marker for disease severity and to determine the need for oxygen supplementation. | yes |
10,741,939 | Do cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors ameliorate the severity of experimental colitis in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Both in experimental colitis and in inflammatory bowel disease, colonic eicosanoid generation is enhanced and may contribute to the pathogenesis of the inflammatory response.",
"To evaluate the effect of selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors on the extent and severity of two models o... | The effective nimesulide and SC-236-induced amelioration of the severity of the colitis in acetic acid and iodoacetamide-treated rats confirms the role of eicosanoids in their pathogenesis and suggests that COX-2 inhibitors may be of value in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. | yes |
10,729,388 | Is infection with virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori associated with ischaemic heart disease : evidence from a population-based case-control study of myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the majority of evidence does not support association between Helicobacter pylori infection and ischaemic heart disease, the nature of this relationship may differ when virulence of the infecting strains are examined.",
"The prevalence of IgG antibody evidence of infection with CagA ... | Infection with the more virulent strains of H. pylori, as with all strains, is not associated with myocardial infarction. | no |
10,744,274 | Is hypertonic saline attenuation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil cytotoxicity : timing everything? | {
"contexts": [
"The potential to modulate the inflammatory response has renewed interest in hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation of injured patients. However, the effect of the timing of HTS treatment with respect to polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) priming and activation remains unexplored. We hypothesized t... | The timing of HTS is a key variable in the attenuation of PMN cytotoxic functions. Maximal attenuation of cytotoxicity is achieved before priming, whereas HTS exposure after activation augments cytotoxicity. | yes |
10,752,808 | Does an immune-enhancing enteral diet reduce mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia in septic intensive care unit patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether early enteral feeding in a septic intensive care unit (ICU) population, using a formula supplemented with arginine, mRNA, and omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil (Impact), improves clinical outcomes, when compared with a common use, high protein enteral feed without these nutri... | Immune-enhancing enteral nutrition resulted in a significant reduction in the mortality rate and infection rate in septic patients admitted to the ICU. These reductions were greater for patients with less severe illness. | yes |
10,730,364 | Does [ 10 year result with a cemented fine-grit-blasted titanium-aluminum-vanadium hip endoprosthesis shaft ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Are the results of cemented titanium hip arthroplasty as bad as described in literature? We present the 10-year results of a cemented mild grid blasted Titanium-Aluminium-Vanadium Stem in Total-Hip-Arthroplasty.",
"The clinical and radiological reexamination was documented in standardized que... | Our findings with a cemented mild grid blasted Titanium-Aluminum-Vanadium stem demonstrate excellent results unlike it was reported for cemented femoral components of similar alloy but different design and cementation philosophy. | yes |
10,754,512 | Is there substantial nuclear and cellular disintegration before detectable phosphatidylserine exposure during the camptothecin-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"An early sign of apoptosis in many cells is the appearance of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outside of the plasma membrane, whilst the cells still retain the ability to exclude DNA-binding molecules such as propidium iodide and 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD). The protein annexin V binds preferenti... | During CAM-induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells, the external exposure of PS can either precede or follow DNA cleavage, which suggests that PS exposure is not always an indicator of early apoptosis. | yes |
10,734,024 | Does the luminal short-chain fatty acid butyrate modulate NF-kappaB activity in a human colonic epithelial cell line? | {
"contexts": [
"The transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a central role in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Because butyrate deficiency has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease, we examined the effect of butyrate on NF-kappaB activity in the human HT-29 colonic cel... | These findings suggest that the influences of butyrate on colonic inflammatory responses may result in part from its influence on NF-kappaB activation. This activity of butyrate apparently involves its ability to inhibit deacetylases. | yes |
10,734,021 | Does intravenous pantoprazole rapidly control gastric acid hypersecretion in patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Parenteral control of gastric acid hypersecretion in conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) or idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion is necessary perioperatively or when oral medications cannot be taken for other reasons (e.g., during chemotherapy, acute upper gastrointestinal bleed... | Intravenous pantoprazole, 160-240 mg/day administered in divided doses by 15-minute infusion, rapidly and effectively controlled acid output within 1 hour and maintained control for up to 7 days in all ZES patients. | yes |
10,735,775 | Is epithelium-dependent bronchodilatory activity preserved in pig bronchioles after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass? | {
"contexts": [
"Analogous to vascular endothelium, bronchial epithelium modulates bronchomotor activity by releasing epithelium-derived relaxing factors. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with endothelial dysfunction. We examined whether CPB may be associated with bronchiolar epithelial dysfunction in p... | Normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass does not result in epithelial dysfunction in pigs. Epithelium-dependent and epithelium-independent bronchodilators may be equally effective before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. | yes |
10,728,542 | Are children goldfish -- mark/recapture techniques and their application to injury data? | {
"contexts": [
"Mark/recapture (or capture-recapture) is a simple technique commonly applied to estimate the hypothetical total (including undercount) in a register composed of cases from two or more independent and separately incomplete case lists. This paper seeks to illustrate serious drawbacks in the use of ... | This typical example of two sample mark/recapture estimation in an epidemiological setting can be shown to violate virtually all the requirements for valid use of the technique. Very little can be deduced accurately about the scale or characteristics of an unobserved group by the use of mark/recapture applied to two ov... | no |
10,745,499 | Does stent design favorably influence the vascular response in normal porcine coronary arteries? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to compare the arterial response following implantation of a stainless-steel, balloon-expandable, tubular slotted stent with that of a novel computer-designed, multi-cellular stent in normal porcine coronary arteries.",
"Intracoronary stent placement has evolved ... | The arterial response to a balloon-expandable stent can be favorably influenced by computer-assisted modification of design in an experimental model. Further study is warranted to determine the impact of stent design upon clinical in-stent restenosis. | yes |
10,745,968 | Do veteran athletes exercise at higher maximum heart rates than are achieved during standard exercise ( stress ) testing? | {
"contexts": [
"The stress electrocardiogram (sECG) is routinely used to screen individuals for underlying cardiac pathology before an exercise programme is prescribed. The underlying assumption is that the cardiac responses elicited during the sECG test are similar to those achieved during participation in spor... | Maximal HR in veteran athletes during specific sporting activities was significantly higher than that attained during a routine sECG. This finding was not sport-specific, nor was it related to the level of competitiveness of the trial participants. These data show that a routine sECG is a submaximal test of exercise pe... | yes |
10,727,545 | Is b lymphopenia in uremia related to an accelerated in vitro apoptosis and dysregulation of Bcl-2? | {
"contexts": [
"Lymphopenia has been described in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). It is postulated that the decline in lymphocytes is due to accelerated apoptosis. We investigated whether dysregulation of programmed cell death plays a role in the immunodeficiency described in CRF.",
"Peripheral bl... | Our data indicate that B lymphopenia in CRF may be partially attributed to an increased susceptibility to cell death by apoptosis that is associated with a decreased expression of Bcl-2. | yes |
10,727,546 | Does intradialytic glucose infusion increase polysulphone membrane permeability and post-dilutional haemodiafiltration performances? | {
"contexts": [
"During real-time monitoring of the ultrafiltration coefficient (Kuf) in haemodiafiltration (HDF), it was noticed that the ultrafiltration performance of polysulphone membrane dialysers increased when hypertonic glucose (D50%) was administered through the venous blood return.",
"This observati... | We conclude that intravenous glucose administration during high-flux HDF using polysulphone membranes increases significantly both ultrafiltration capacity and dialysis dose delivery. | yes |
10,728,371 | Is galectin 1 involved in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation? | {
"contexts": [
"Smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration and proliferation are the key steps in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis. Matricellular proteins have been implicated in cell adhesion, migration and proliferation. Here we investigated the role of the matricellular protein galectin-1 (Gal-1), a ... | Gal-1 binding to SMCs was stronger than to ECM, although ECM of atherosclerotic blood vessels contained additional ECM proteins which bound to Gal-1. Gal-1 was upregulated during SMC growth and Gal FP enhanced serum-induced DNA synthesis in SMCs. Overall, Gal-1 upregulation is likely to provide a reinforcement of serum... | yes |
10,728,379 | Do t cells expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor induce apoptosis in cardiac myocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Enterovirus infections are major etiological factors in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Using an experimental murine model of this disease, previous studies have shown that myocarditis susceptibility depends upon activation of T lymphocytes expressing the gamma delta T cell receptor (TcR)... | These studies demonstrate that T cells expressing the gamma delta TcR are more effective mediators of myocyte apoptosis than alpha beta+ T cells in vitro and suggests that these effectors may be primarily responsible for myocardial injury associated with dilated cardiomyopathy-like signs during coxsackievirus B3-induce... | yes |
10,736,140 | Does youth perceptions of comprehensive adolescent health services through the Boston happen program? | {
"contexts": [
"The Boston HAPPENS (HIV Adolescent Provider and Peer Education Network for Services) program is a collaborative network of care made up of 8 organizations that serve youth and provide coordinated care for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, homeless, and at-risk youth aged 12 to 24 years... | Qualitative evaluations such as this give a voice to youth to advocate for services they need. By including youth ideas and perspectives during program development and implementation, services can be more attractive to groups of at-risk youth who historically have been less likely to seek care. | yes |
10,755,558 | Is area under the serum creatinine time-curve a strong predictor of chronic renal allograft rejection? | {
"contexts": [
"A number of risk factors for chronic renal allograft rejection have been identified; in particular the number and severity of acute rejections, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and insufficient immunosuppression.",
"In a retrospective case control study, all histologically confirmed cases of chr... | To reduce the risk of developing chronic rejection after renal transplantation acute rejection episodes during the first 3 months should be avoided as much as possible. | yes |
10,755,559 | Is early increased chemokine expression and production in murine allogeneic skin grafts mediated by natural killer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased expression of chemokine mRNA is observed in allogeneic but not syngeneic skin grafts 3-4 days after transplantation. The recipient cells mediating this early inflammatory response in allografts remain unidentified.",
"Isogeneic and allogeneic skin grafts were transplanted to euthymi... | Early chemokine mRNA expression and protein production in allogeneic skin grafts is amplified by recipient natural killer (NK) cells. These results indicate a novel function for infiltrating NK cells in mediating early increased intra-allograft chemokine production and inflammation during the initiation of acute reject... | yes |
10,743,795 | Is lubricin a product of megakaryocyte stimulating factor gene expression by human synovial fibroblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"The boundary lubricating ability of human synovial fluid has been attributed to lubricin, a mucinous glycoprotein. We investigated the primary structure of lubricin and its cellular origin.",
"Lubricin was purified from pooled synovial fluid aliquots with normal lubricating activity obtained ... | Lubricin is secreted by synovial fibroblasts via expression of the MSF gene. Lubricin is constructed of MSF exons 6 through 9 but the presence of other exons cannot be excluded. Lubricin/MSF is the only lubricating component in the final lubricating fraction of human synovial fluid. | yes |
10,743,792 | Do igG antibodies to type II collagen reflect inflammatory activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the clinical significance of IgG antibodies to type II collagen (CII) and to define any correlation of antibodies to CII with the inflammatory response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
"IgG antibodies to native human type II collagen (IgG anti-CII) were measured in s... | Increased IgG anti-CII in sera and SF in RA correlated directly with acute phase reactants and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6. Our data suggest that IgG anti-CII could reflect inflammatory activity with a potential to destroy cartilage in the early stages of RA. | yes |
10,727,665 | Is methylation of the estrogen receptor-alpha gene promoter selectively increased in proliferating human aortic smooth muscle cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Atherosclerosis is a multigenic process leading to the progressive occlusion of arteries of mid to large caliber. A key step of the atherogenic process is the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells into the intimal layer of the arterial conduit. The phenotype of smooth muscle... | Our data support the concept that the genome of aortic smooth muscle cells is responsive to environmental conditions, and that DNA methylation, in particular methylation of the ERalpha, could contribute to the switch in phenotype observed in these cells. | yes |
10,727,660 | Does sphingosine 1-phosphate induce sinus tachycardia and coronary vasoconstriction in the canine heart? | {
"contexts": [
"Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a naturally occurring biologically active lysophospholipid. Recent studies suggested that sphingosine 1-phosphate is released into the blood flow from activated platelets upon stimulation to exert multiple biological phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to assess t... | These results may provide a clue to better understanding the physiological as well as the pathophysiological regulation of sphingosine 1-phosphate in the heart. | yes |
10,733,482 | Is response to methotrexate in early rheumatoid arthritis associated with a decrease of T cell derived tumour necrosis factor alpha , increase of interleukin 10 , and predicted by the initial concentration of interleukin 4? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was performed to assess whether there is any change in the T cell cytokine pattern in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with methotrexate (MTX) and whether the lymphocytic cytokine pattern correlates with disease activity.",
"Eight patients with RA (disease duration ... | During treatment of RA with MTX the percentage of TNFalpha producing T cells decreases whereas that of IL10 producing T cells increases. This may affect macrophage activation and, therefore, may represent a regulatory mechanism relevant to disease remission. Furthermore, the percentage of IL4 positive CD4(+) T cells at... | yes |
10,750,630 | Do psychiatric symptoms and distress differ between patients with postherpetic neuralgia and peripheral vestibular disease? | {
"contexts": [
"No previous studies have investigated the psychiatric characteristics of patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Similarly, no studies have been performed on patients with different chronic somatic symptoms due to a defined medical disease to compare the characteristics of psychiatric morbidi... | These results suggest that the psychiatric symptoms of patients with PHN are distinct from nonspecific acute distress and may be related to the experience of suffering from chronic neuropathic pain. Patients with PHN may not meet criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis, but their psychiatric comorbidity places them at sub... | yes |
10,750,635 | Is depression strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines how alexithymia and depression are related to each other in men and women in a sample of Finnish general population (n = 2018).",
"Alexithymia was screened using the 20-item version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Level of depression was assessed using the 21-item Beck D... | These results suggest that alexithymia has a close relationship to depression in the general population. The impact of social factors on alexithymia may be primarily explained by depression. Depression must be taken into account as a confounding factor when studying alexithymia in general populations due to the strong ... | yes |
10,728,368 | Do endothelin-dependent effects limit flow-induced dilation of conductance coronary vessels after blockade of nitric oxide formation in conscious dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether endothelin (ET)-dependent effects limit shear stress-induced dilation of large epicardial coronary arteries after blockade of nitric oxide (NO) formation.",
"In conscious dogs instrumented for measuring coronary blood flow (CBF) and external diameter (CD) of the circumfle... | ETA receptor-mediated effects limit flow-dependent dilation of large epicardial coronary arteries in conscious dogs. Suppression of the L-arginine/NO-dependent pathway with L-NAME reveals significant ET-dependent effects. | yes |
10,746,418 | Is optimal debulking surgery an independent prognostic factor in patients with FIGO IIIC primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Ovarian cancer is a well-known disease with a poor prognosis. Due to the relatively small number of cases in Taiwan, the outcome and prognostic factors of patients with primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma are unknown.",
"We retrospectively studied patients with proven surgical and pathologic... | To improve survival of patients with FIGO stage IIIC epithelial ovarian carcinoma, optimal debulking surgery should be performed as the initial form of surgical intervention. | yes |
10,753,529 | Does resection with cryotherapy of colorectal hepatic metastases have the same survival as hepatic resection alone? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic resection is well established as a potentially curative treatment for hepatic colorectal cancer metastases. However, only a small proportion of patients with liver metastases are suitable for resection because they either have extrahepatic disease, or the extent and/or the distribution of... | Edge and contralobe cryotherapy can be combined with hepatic resection to allow a greater proportion of patients with hepatic colorectal metastases to be offered treatment, and results in similar survival figures comparable to hepatic resection for at least 3 years. | yes |
10,738,180 | Is treatment of established tumor associated with ICAM-1 upregulation and reversed by CD8 depletion in a tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene transfected mouse mammary tumor? | {
"contexts": [
"We have performed TNF-alpha gene transfection in a mouse mammary cancer line and found significant antitumor effects. We hypothesize that the antitumor effects observed in this model are mediated by ICAM-1 and by the recruitment of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. In vivo (Balb/c mice) tumor growth inhibit... | Highly significant in vivo tumor growth inhibition and immune protection after injection with TNF-alpha-transfected tumors appears to be mediated predominantly by CD8+ T cells and ICAM-1 upregulation. These findings suggest that TNF-alpha increases recruitment and adhesion of effector T cells. | yes |
10,752,835 | Does specific angiotensin II receptor blockage improve intestinal perfusion during graded hypovolemia in pigs? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the potential of specific angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT1) receptor blockade to modify the mesenteric hemodynamic response to acute hypovolemia and retransfusion.",
"Prospective, randomized, controlled experimental study.",
"University-affiliated animal research laboratory.",... | Specific AT1 blockade before acute hypovolemia significantly ameliorated mesenteric and, in particular, jejunal mucosal hypoperfusion. In addition, cardiovascular stability was improved, and mortality in conjunction with acute hypovolemia and retransfusion could be completely avoided. These findings support a fundament... | yes |
10,741,632 | Does paroxetine affect metoprolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy volunteers? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of multiple-dose paroxetine intake on the stereoselective pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of metoprolol.",
"We conducted an open trial with two sessions in eight healthy male volunteers. Racemic metoprolol (100 mg single oral dose) was administered before a... | Multiple-dose paroxetine intake affects both metoprolol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and suggests that when paroxetine is added to an ongoing metoprolol therapy, caution is warranted and a reduction of the metoprolol dose may be required to prevent undesired adverse effects. | yes |
10,752,813 | Does right atrial pressure predict hemodynamic response to apneic positive airway pressure? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate if the preexistant filling state, assessed by right atrial pressure (RAP), pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP), and right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), would define the subsequent hemodynamic effects of increases in airway pressure (Paw).",
"Prospective ope... | Apneic positive Paw decreased cardiac output mainly by reducing venous return. From the investigated filling variables, RAP was most sensitive in predicting the hemodynamic response, followed by PAOP and right ventricular EDVI. Patients with RAP < or =10 mm Hg, if subjected to aggressive positive pressure ventilation, ... | yes |
10,752,814 | Does incentive spirometry enhance recovery after thoracic surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the additional effect of incentive spirometry to chest physiotherapy to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications after thoracic surgery for lung and esophageal resections.",
"Randomized controlled trial.",
"University hospital, intensive care unit, and surgical departm... | Pulmonary complications after lung and esophagus surgery were relatively low. The addition of IS to PT did not further reduce pulmonary complications or hospital stay. Although we cannot rule out beneficial effects in a subgroup of high-risk patients, routine use of IS after thoracic surgery seems to be ineffective. | no |
10,738,140 | Does molecular characterization of HHV-8 positive primary effusion lymphoma reveal pathogenetic and histogenetic features of the disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) associates with HHV-8 infection, preferentially develops in immunodeficient patients and grows in the serous body cavities. PEL derives from post-germinal center, pre-terminally differentiated B-cells. The pathogenesis of PEL is unclear and the sole identified gene... | PEL associates with recurrent chromosomal alterations, suggesting that viral infection is not sufficient for tumor development and that lesions of cellular genes may be required. The expression of Met/HGF by PEL cells may bear implications for the lymphoma proliferation and growth pattern, since Met/HGF interactions in... | yes |
10,755,746 | Are memory disturbances in `` Ecstasy '' users correlated with an altered brain serotonin neurotransmission? | {
"contexts": [
"Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is known to damage brain pre-synaptic serotonin (5-HT) neurons. Since loss of 5-HT neurons has been implicated in memory loss, it is important to establish whether MDMA use may produce changes in postsynaptic 5-HT receptors and memory function in humans.",
... | Our preliminary results may indicate altered 5-HT neuronal function with correlated memory impairment in abstinent MDMA users. | yes |
10,755,744 | Is amphetamine-induced activation of forebrain EEG prevented by noradrenergic beta-receptor blockade in the halothane-anesthetized rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Amphetamine (AMPH)-like stimulants represent an intensively studied class of psychoactive drugs. Despite the well-known and potent arousal-enhancing effects of these drugs, the neurobiological substrates of AMPH-induced arousal have rarely been examined explicitly. Activity of the locus coeruleus... | These observations indicate that, under these experimental conditions, AMPH-induced activation of the forebrain is dependent on actions of noradrenergic beta-receptors. Combined with previous observations, these observations support the hypothesis that AMPH-induced increases in arousal involve noradrenergic neurotransm... | yes |
10,731,499 | Does lactose enhance calcium bioavailability in lactose-tolerant , healthy adults? | {
"contexts": [
"There is evidence from animal studies that lactose has a beneficial effect on intestinal calcium absorption. However, data concerning the effect of lactose on calcium absorption in lactose-tolerant adults are inconclusive.",
"Our objective was to investigate the effect of lactose on calcium b... | Lactose does not have a beneficial effect on calcium bioavailability in lactose-tolerant adults. | no |
10,731,497 | Are postprandial chylomicrons and VLDLs in severe hypertriacylglycerolemia lowered more effectively than are chylomicron remnants after treatment with n-3 fatty acids? | {
"contexts": [
"n-3 Fatty acids lower plasma triacylglycerols not only in the fasting state but also in the postprandial state. However, it is not known whether chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, and VLDLs are all affected equally or whether some lipoprotein species are lowered preferentially.",
"Lipoprotei... | n-3 Fatty acids effectively lower chylomicrons and VLDLs, but their effect on chylomicron remnants was observed only in the late postprandial phase. | yes |
10,731,493 | Is thigh adipose tissue distribution associated with insulin resistance in obesity and in type 2 diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipose tissue (AT) content of the thigh is generally not considered to be associated with insulin resistance (IR), but it is unclear whether the distribution of AT in the thigh is a determinant of IR.",
"We investigated whether subcompartments of AT within the thigh are determinants of IR.",... | SFAT and IMAT are markers of IR in obesity and DM although they are much smaller than SCAT, which does not predict IR. Muscle composition reflecting increased fat content is also associated with IR. | yes |
10,750,783 | Does age influence early and late tumor-related outcome for bronchogenic carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The influence of age on early and late outcome after surgical resection of bronchogenic carcinoma is unknown. In an attempt to clarify this issue, we reviewed the outcome of 212 consecutive patients with primary lung cancer who had surgical treatment for bronchogenic carcinoma.",
"Ninety-two ... | Perioperative risk and midterm survival were similar in younger and older patients after surgical resection of bronchogenic carcinoma. We believe that this result is because surgical candidates constitute already a highly selected group of patients. From these data it is not possible to conclude that biologic behavior ... | no |
10,725,639 | Is overexpression of the 27 KDa heat shock protein associated with thermoresistance and chemoresistance but not with radioresistance? | {
"contexts": [
"The heat shock protein (hsp27) correlates with thermotolerance and chemoresistance. Our main objective was to assess the response to radiotherapy both in vitro and in vivo in correlation with various concentrations of hsp27. The second objective was to evaluate the relation between hsp27 and glut... | It is concluded that the mechanisms responsible for hsp27-mediated heat and drug resistance are not involved in radioprotection. | yes |
10,730,741 | Does propofol directly depress lumbar dorsal horn neuronal responses to noxious stimulation in goats? | {
"contexts": [
"We tested the hypothesis that propofol, acting in the brain, would either enhance, or have no effect, on lumbar dorsal horn neuronal responses to a noxious mechanical stimulus applied to the hindlimb. We recorded the response of lumbar dorsal horn neurons during differential delivery of propofol ... | These data indicate that propofol has a direct depressant effect on dorsal horn neuronal responses to noxious stimulation, with little or no indirect supraspinal effect. | yes |
10,752,962 | Do iL-10 and antibodies to TGF-beta2 and PDGF inhibit RPE-mediated retinal contraction? | {
"contexts": [
"Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are believed to play a pivotal role in the formation and contraction of epiretinal membranes in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). In the present study, an organ culture method was used that mimics the contractile stage of PVR, to investigate the contrib... | These findings confirm a role for both PDGF and TGF-beta2 in RPE cell-mediated contraction of the retina. Such contraction can be inhibited by neutralizing antibodies against PDGF and TGF-beta2, which, together with IL-10, are putative candidates for therapeutic intervention in PVR. | yes |
10,744,928 | Do an update in the palliative management of malignant dysphagia? | {
"contexts": [
"Oesophageal cancer is generally associated with late presentation and poor prognosis. Therefore palliative surgery has been largely superseded by less invasive non-surgical techniques. Once palliation is indicated, the aims of the management should be: the maintenance of oral intake, minimizing h... | Palliative treatment for oesophageal cancer should be individualized and relate to tumour stage, size and location, the patient's medical condition and his/her personal wishes. The palliative treatment largely includes self-expanding metal stents (SEMS), laser (including photodynamic therapy (PDT)) or a combination of ... | yes |
10,755,569 | Does iCAM-1 deficiency suppress host allosensitization and rejection of MHC-disparate corneal transplants? | {
"contexts": [
"We used a murine model of orthotopic corneal transplantation to determine whether host deficiency in ICAM-1 promotes survival of corneal grafts with different degrees of allodisparity.",
"ICAM-1-/- and wild-type C57BL/6 (ICAM-1+/+) received corneal grafts from the following strains of mice: B... | Prolonged survival seen in MHC-mismatched grafts in ICAM-1-/- mice, along with a suppressed DTH response to donor alloantigens after transplantation, suggest that ICAM-1 is associated with recipient sensitization to MHC alloantigens. | yes |
10,754,365 | Does induced-hyperglycemia attenuate erythromycin-induced acceleration of hypertonic liquid-phase gastric emptying in type-I diabetic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Erythromycin has been found to be a gastrointestinal prokinetic agent of hypertonic liquids, while acute hyperglycemia has been associated with delayed gastric emptying in diabetic patients.",
"To investigate whether hyperglycemia, per se, reduces gastric motility during erythromycin-induced ... | The erythromycin-induced acceleration on gastric emptying of hypertonic liquids in diabetic patients is related to the plasma glucose level. The induced hyperglycemia reduces the erythromycin-induced acceleration of liquid-phase gastric emptying, decreasing the overall gastric emptying rate. In spite of the inhibitory ... | yes |
10,754,368 | Do aged mice exhibit greater mortality concomitant to increased brain and plasma TNF-alpha levels following intracerebroventricular injection of lipopolysaccharide? | {
"contexts": [
"Age-related defects in the development of peripheral inflammatory responses have been observed in rodents and humans.",
"We examined the effects of age on a centrally injected endotoxin-induced cytokine production and cellular activation in mice.",
"Male C57BL/6J (B6) mice, C3H/HeN mice, ... | These results suggest that the age-related increases in TNF-alpha production and mortality following the intracerebroventricular administration of LPS may be due to an increased endotoxin hypersensitivity of brain microglia/macrophages within aged animals. | yes |
10,729,849 | Does radiofrequency application to the posteroseptal region alter retrograde accessory pathway activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Radiofrequency applications to the posteroseptal region can ablate the atrioventricular accessory pathway residing in this area. In conjunction with the adjacent anatomic structures, however, ablative lesions which do not effectively ablate the accessory pathway could markedly alter retrograde at... | Radiofrequency applications to the posteroseptal region can markedly alter retrograde atrial activation, thereby confounding further mapping of the accessory pathway. | yes |
10,750,762 | Does off-pump bypass graft operation significantly reduce oxidative stress and inflammation? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated whether off-pump coronary bypass graft operations on the beating heart under normothermic conditions reduces the systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction seen in patients operated under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).",
"A cardiac stabilizer (Octopus Tissue St... | Off-pump coronary bypass graft operation on a beating heart significantly reduces oxidative stress and suppresses the inflammatory reaction associated with the use of CPB. | yes |
10,750,763 | Does lazaroid reduce production of IL-8 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in ischemic spinal cord injury? | {
"contexts": [
"21-aminosteroids (lazaroids) have demonstrated the protective effect against cerebral ischemic injury through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation. We examined whether lazaroids affected the production of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines in ischemic spinal cord injury model.",
"... | Lazaroid U-74389G reduced the production of systemic IL-8 and -1ra and spinal IL-8 when AXC caused spinal cord injury. These results indicate that lazaroids may attenuate ischemic endothelial cell injury or activation of leukocytes. | yes |
10,746,404 | Do organ system failures predict prognosis in critically ill patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite the widespread availability of dialytic and intensive care unit technology, the probability of early mortality in critically ill patients with acute renal failure is still high. Previous efforts to predict the outcome in this population have been limited by small sample sizes. In addition... | The mortality rate for intensive care unit patients with acute renal failure continues to be high. Multiple organ system failure occurs frequently and is the major cause of death. The mortality rate increases as the number of failed organs increases. | yes |
10,742,321 | Does newborn circumcision decrease incidence and costs of urinary tract infections during the first year of life? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the effect of newborn circumcision on the incidence and medical costs of urinary tract infection (UTI) during the first year of life for patients in a large health maintenance organization.",
"Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program of Northern California (KPNC).",
"The populatio... | Newborn circumcision results in a 9. 1-fold decrease in incidence of UTI during the first year of life as well as markedly lower UTI-related medical costs and rate of hospital admissions. Newborn circumcision during the first year of life is, thus, a valuable preventive health measure, particularly in the first 3 month... | yes |
10,728,432 | Do elf-pulsed magnetic fields modulate opioid peptide gene expression in myocardial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Magnetic fields have been shown to affect cell proliferation and growth factor expression in cultured cells. Although the activation of endorphin systems is a recurring motif among the biological events elicited by magnetic fields, compelling evidence indicating that magnetic fields may modulate ... | The present findings demonstrate that an opioid gene is activated by myocyte exposure to PMF and that the cell nucleus and nuclear embedded PKC are a crucial target for the PMF action. Due to the wide ranging importance of opioid peptides in myocardial cell homeostasis, the current data may suggest consideration for po... | yes |
10,744,815 | Are adenoma size and number predictive of adenoma recurrence : implications for surveillance colonoscopy? | {
"contexts": [
"Three-year colonoscopic surveillance after initial polypectomy may not be required for all patients. Those with multiple baseline polyps and large adenomas, implicated as predictors of colon cancer, merit close observation. Conversely, patients with single small adenomas may be subjected to early... | Patients with 1 or 2 adenomas all measuring less than 1 cm are an identified low risk group and their first surveillance examination may be delayed beyond the standard 3 years. | yes |
10,747,354 | Do cell-surface estrogen receptors mediate calcium-dependent nitric oxide release in human endothelia? | {
"contexts": [
"Although estrogen replacement therapy has been associated with reduction of cardiovascular events in postmenopausal women, the mechanism for this benefit remains unclear. Because nitric oxide (NO) is considered an important endothelium-derived relaxing factor and may function to protect blood ves... | Physiological doses of estrogen immediately stimulate NO release from human endothelial cells through activation of a cell-surface estrogen receptor that is coupled to increases in intracellular calcium. | yes |
10,725,769 | Does addition of inulin to breakfast acutely affect serum ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone concentrations? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of inulin on calcium metabolism. The study consisted of two separate parts both of which had a randomized two-period cross-over design.",
"Fifteen young healthy women volunteered to participate in this study. During the first part of... | Fifteen grams of inulin in fresh cheese or with a calcium supplement (210 mg Ca) taken at breakfast does not acutely affect the markers of calcium metabolism as opposed to a corresponding breakfast without inulin. | no |
10,733,769 | Does ring annuloplasty prevent delayed leaflet coaptation and mitral regurgitation during acute left ventricular ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Incomplete mitral leaflet coaptation during acute left ventricular ischemia is associated with end-diastolic mitral annular dilatation and ischemic mitral regurgitation. Annular rings were implanted in sheep to investigate whether annular reduction alone is sufficient to prevent mitral regurgitat... | Mitral annular area reduction and fixation with an annuloplasty ring eliminated delayed leaflet coaptation and prevented mitral regurgitation during acute left ventricular ischemia after ring implantation. | yes |
10,733,765 | Is re-creation of sinuses important for sparing the aortic valve : a finite element study? | {
"contexts": [
"The treatment of choice for aortic valve insufficiency due to root dilatation has become root replacement with aortic valve sparing. However, root replacement with a synthetic graft may result in altered valve stresses. The purpose of this study was to compare the stress/strain patterns in the sp... | Valve-sparing techniques that allow the potential for sinus space formation (tailored, pseudosinus) result in simulated leaflet stresses that are closer to normal than the cylindrical technique. Normalized leaflet stresses in the clinical setting may result in improved longevity of the spared valve. | yes |
10,735,613 | Is spleno-renal shunt blood flow an accurate index of collateral circulation in different models of portal hypertension and after pharmacological changes in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, we developed a new method to measure collateral blood flow in rats: splenorenal shunt (SRS) blood flow (BF). The aims were to evaluate the reproducibility of SRSBF measurement in different models of portal hypertension, and to investigate the ability of SRSBF to disclose pharmacological... | Determination of SRSBF by TTU is an accurate way to measure collateral blood flow in different models of intra- and extra-hepatic portal hypertension in rats. Its sensitivity provides accurate measurement of pharmacological changes, unlike the traditional estimation of %PSS by the microsphere method. | yes |
10,735,610 | Are serum laminin and type IV collagen accurate markers of histologically severe alcoholic hepatitis in patients with cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe alcoholic hepatitis occurs mainly in patients with cirrhosis, and has a high death rate. Corticosteroid therapy has been particularly advocated as reducing mortality in patients with severe histologic lesions. However, identification of these patients is difficult, requiring transvenous li... | In patients with cirrhosis, determination of serum Lam or CIV could represent a simple and accurate non-invasive method for identification of patients with histologically severe alcoholic hepatitis eligible for corticosteroid treatment. | yes |
10,737,368 | Do cocaine abusers show a blunted response to alcohol intoxication in limbic brain regions? | {
"contexts": [
"Cocaine and alcohol are frequently used simultaneously and this combination is associated with enhanced toxicity. We recently showed that active cocaine abusers have a markedly enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines. Because both benzodiazepines and alcohol facilitate GABAergic neurotransmission... | The blunted response to alcohol in cocaine abusers contrasts with their enhanced sensitivity to benzodiazepines suggesting that targets other than GABA-benzodiazepine receptors are involved in the blunted sensitivity to alcohol and that the toxicity from combined cocaine-alcohol use is not due to an enhanced sensitivit... | yes |
10,751,853 | Does bladder stretch alter urinary heparin-binding epidermal growth factor and antiproliferative factor in patients with interstitial cystitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The etiology of interstitial cystitis is unknown. Urine from patients with interstitial cystitis has been shown to inhibit urothelial proliferation through a putative antiproliferative factor and to contain decreased levels of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) co... | Bladder stretch increased HB-EGF and conversely reduced antiproliferative factor activity in urine from patients with interstitial cystitis but not controls up to 2 weeks after distention. These results provide additional evidence for the possible role of antiproliferative factor and decreased HB-EGF in the pathophysio... | yes |
10,751,265 | Is aPOE-epsilon4 associated with memory decline in cognitively impaired elderly? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether the association between APOE-epsilon4 and memory decline is modified by baseline cognition and age in a population-based elderly sample.",
"The study sample consisted of 1,243 subjects, 62 to 85 years old, with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between 21 and... | APOE-epsilon4 was associated with memory decline in subjects with cognitive impairment, but not in normally functioning subjects. Contrary to AD studies, our study suggests that the risk of APOE-epsilon4 on memory decline does not decrease at higher ages. | yes |
10,728,358 | Are the rate and anisotropy of impulse propagation in the postnatal terminal crest correlated with remodeling of Cx43 gap junction pattern? | {
"contexts": [
"Disruptions to intermyocyte coupling have been implicated in arrhythmogenesis and development of conduction disturbances. At present, understanding of the relationship between the microscopic organization of intercellular coupling and the macroscopic spread of impulse in the normal and diseased h... | This study provides the first correlative structure/function analysis of the relationship between the macroscopic conduction of impulse and the microscopic cellular organization of gap junctions in a differentiating cardiac bundle. Confirmation is provided for theoretical predictions which emphasize the importance of t... | yes |
10,728,355 | Does urodilatin limit acute reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypercontracture is an important mechanism of myocyte death during reperfusion. cGMP modulates the sensitivity of contractile myofilaments to Ca2+, and increasing cGMP concentration during the last minutes of anoxia prevents reoxygenation-induced hypercontracture in isolated cardiomyocytes. The p... | These results indicate that reduced cGMP concentration may impair myocyte survival during reperfusion. Stimulation of particulate guanylyl cyclase may appear as a new strategy to prevent immediate lethal reperfusion injury. | yes |
10,728,356 | Is protection of hearts from reperfusion injury by propofol associated with inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition? | {
"contexts": [
"Diminishing oxidative stress may protect the heart against ischaemia-reperfusion injury by preventing opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore. The general anaesthetic agent propofol, a free radical scavenger, has been investigated for its effect on the MPT and its cardiopr... | Propofol confers significant protection against global normothermic ischaemia and during cold cardioplegic arrest. This effect is associated with less opening of mitochondrial MPT pores, probably as a result of diminished oxidative stress. Propofol may be a useful adjunct to cardioplegic solutions in heart surgery. | yes |
10,751,073 | Does slow N-acetyltransferase 2 genotype affect the incidence of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity? | {
"contexts": [
"Japanese in-patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and normal liver function receiving treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin (INH + RMP).",
"To elucidate the relationship between N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) genotype and the incidence of isoniazid + rifampicin-induced hepatotoxicity.",
"P... | Slow NAT2* genotype significantly affected the development of INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity. This suggests the possibility that NAT2* genotyping prior to medication may be useful in evaluating patients with high risk for INH + RMP-induced hepatotoxicity. | yes |
10,732,889 | Does abciximab reduce mortality in diabetics following percutaneous coronary intervention? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to determine whether abciximab therapy at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) would favorably affect one-year mortality in patients with diabetes.",
"Diabetics are known to have increased late mortality following PCI.",
"Data from three placebo-controlled trials... | Abciximab decreases the mortality of diabetic patients to the level of placebo-treated nondiabetic patients. This beneficial effect is noteworthy in those diabetic patients who are also hypertensive and obese and in diabetics undergoing multivessel intervention. Besides its potential role in reducing repeat interventio... | yes |
10,726,110 | Does dietary vitamin B6 supplementation prevent ethanol-induced hypertension in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"All known pathways of ethanol metabolism result in the production of acetaldehyde, a highly reactive compound. Acetaldehyde has been shown to deplete vitamin B6 in chronic alcoholics. It also binds with sulfhydryl groups of membrane proteins, altering membrane Ca2+ channels and increasing vascula... | Dietary vitamin B6 supplementation prevented ethanol-induced hypertension and associated changes in WKY rats by normalizing tissue aldehyde conjugate levels. | yes |
10,738,086 | Does low-dose radiotherapy selectively reduce adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to endothelium in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"The anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose radiotherapy (LD-RT) still is not understood. The adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells (EC) of the vessel wall is the initial event of tissue invasion, and thus, crucially contributes to the regulation of inflammation. We investigated the influence ... | The anti-inflammatory effect of LD-RT might, in part, be due to the reduction in the adhesion of PBMC to EC. This reduction in adhesion might be a consequence of the reduced expression of L-selectin on the surface of PBMC, and the inhibition of adherence by soluble L-selectin shed by PBMC in vitro. | yes |
10,727,479 | Is recovery from optic neuritis associated with a change in the distribution of cerebral response to visual stimulation : a functional magnetic resonance imaging study? | {
"contexts": [
"Recovery to normal or near normal visual acuity is usual after acute demyelinating optic neuritis, despite the frequent persistence of conduction abnormalities as evidenced by the visual evoked potential (VEP). This raises the possibility that cortical adaptation to a persistently abnormal input ... | The extraoccipital areas that were activated in patients all have extensive visual connections, and some have been proposed as sites of multimodal sensory integration. The results indicate a functional reorganisation of the cerebral response to simple visual stimuli after optic neuritis that may represent an adaptive r... | yes |
10,755,320 | Does ara-C affect formation of cancer cell DNA synthesome replication intermediates? | {
"contexts": [
"An intact and fully functional multiprotein DNA replication complex (DNA synthesome) from human as well as from murine mammary carcinoma cells was first isolated and characterized in our laboratory. The human cell synthesome supports the in vitro origin-specific simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replica... | Our results indicate that ara-C's action on DNA replication is mediated primarily through DNA polymerase alpha and suggest that this enzyme plays a key role in DNA synthetic initiation events. The results also provide definitive support for the use of the DNA synthesome as a unique and powerful model for analyzing the ... | yes |
10,728,751 | Does the mechanism of formation of bony spur ( enthesophytes ) in the achilles tendon? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the early stages in the formation of bony spurs in relation to normal enthesis development.",
"Histologic sections of rat Achilles tendons, stained with toluidine blue or Masson's trichrome, were examined in animals ranging from 2 weeks to 1 year of age. Further material prepar... | Bony spurs can develop in the Achilles tendon without the need for preceding microtears or any inflammatory reaction, and they form by endochondral ossification of enthesis fibrocartilage. The increased surface area created at the tendon-bone junction may be an adaptive mechanism to ensure the integrity of the interfac... | yes |
10,728,389 | Do antioxidants attenuate myocyte apoptosis in the remote non-infarcted myocardium following large myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased oxidative stress and myocyte apoptosis co-exist in the remote non-infarcted myocardium (RM) following a large myocardial infarction. We proposed that these phenomena are causally related.",
"On day 3 after induction of myocardial infarction, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to re... | Long-term treatment with the antioxidants probucol and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate attenuates oxidative stress, myocyte apoptosis, caspase-3 like activity and the expression of p53, bax and caspase-3 within RM in rats after a large myocardial infarction. | yes |
10,728,388 | Does inhibition of endogenous nitric oxide synthase potentiate ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis via a caspase-3 dependent pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes may contribute to ischemia-reperfusion injury. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in apoptosis is controversial. Therefore, we investigated the effect of NO synthase inhibition on apoptosis of cardiomyocytes during ischemia and reperfusion and elucidated the underlying mech... | The results of the present study demonstrate that inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis during ischemia and reperfusion leads to an enhanced induction of apoptosis, suggesting that the endogenous NO synthesis protects against apoptotic cell death. Inhibition of NO synthesis thereby activates the caspase cascade, wherea... | yes |
10,728,381 | Does tumor necrosis factor-alpha induce apoptosis via inducible nitric oxide synthase in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) induces apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. However, its mechanism of action is still not well understood. In the present study, we hypothesized that TNF alpha induces myocardial apoptosis by induction of inducible nitric oxide synt... | TNF alpha induces apoptosis via iNOS expression and NO production in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. | yes |
10,751,894 | Does a blood-prostate barrier restrict cell and molecular movement across the rat ventral prostate epithelium? | {
"contexts": [
"Blood-epithelial barriers have been described in the testis and epididymis, but the possibility of such barriers in other regions of the male genitourinary tract has received little investigation. The purpose of this study was to use in vivo micro-puncture to determine if the blood-epithelial bar... | Our findings demonstrate a blood-prostate barrier in the rat ventral prostate with characteristics similar to the blood-testis barrier. This blood-prostate barrier is not affected by LPS-induced acute inflammation. Further, this persistent barrier apparently restricts the passage of leukocytes into prostate DF even in ... | yes |
10,730,081 | Do heparin-coated circuits prevent renal dysfunction after open heart surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined whether heparin-coated (HC) circuits can improve the operative results in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.",
"Elective cardiac surgery was performed in 24 patients with a serum creatinine (Cr) level of at least 1.5 mg/dl. Uncoated circuits were used in 12 patients, and H... | HC circuits and low-dose heparin can be used to maintain renal function after cardiopulmonary bypass, even in patients with severe kidney disease. | yes |
10,736,486 | Is intracavernous alprostadil alfadex ( EDEX/VIRIDAL ) effective and safe in patients with erectile dysfunction after failing sildenafil ( Viagra )? | {
"contexts": [
"Sildenafil (Viagra), an oral treatment for erectile dysfunction, has proved popular since its introduction in 1998. However, not all patients respond to this form of therapy. Consequently, this study investigated the efficacy of intracavernous alprostadil alfadex (EDEX/VIRIDAL) treatment in patie... | Alprostadil alfadex therapy can be used effectively and safely in men who fail initial therapy with sildenafil. | yes |
10,753,041 | Is glucose intolerance predicted by low insulin secretion and high glucagon secretion : outcome of a prospective study in postmenopausal Caucasian women? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the pathophysiological importance of changes in insulin sensitivity and islet function over time for alterations in glucose tolerance in a randomly selected large group of non-diabetic women aged 57-59 years over a 3-year period.",
"At baseline and at the 3-year follow-up, glucose to... | Low insulin secretion, when judged in relation to insulin sensitivity, and high glucagon secretion, determine glucose tolerance over time in the individual subject. These processes are therefore potential targets for prevention of deterioration in glucose tolerance. | yes |
10,753,049 | Is a genetic variation in the 5 ' flanking region of the UCP3 gene associated with body mass index in humans in interaction with physical activity? | {
"contexts": [
"In obese French Caucasian subjects we previously described a silent UCP3 Tyr99Tyr mutation, associated with body mass index. We hypothesised that an unknown polymorphism in the vicinity of the gene could contribute to obesity.",
"Morbidly obese subjects were screened for mutations in 1 kb ups... | The C-->T polymorphism in the 5' sequences of the UCP3 gene might contribute to the corpulence in obese and normal weight subjects and alter the benefit of physical activity. The UCP3 gene can be considered as a gene modifying corpulence. | yes |
10,746,405 | Does endotoxemia augment neurogenic plasma exudation in guinea pig lungs? | {
"contexts": [
"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is closely associated with the development of infection-induced deleterious pulmonary reactions. In this study, we investigated the enhancement effects of LPS on tachykinin-mediated plasma exudation in the lungs of guinea pigs. The role of oxidants was also explored.",
... | LPS augments neurogenic plasma exudation partly through NK-1 receptors to increase vascular permeability and partly via the generation of oxidative metabolites. Tachykinins released from nerve endings may contribute to endotoxin-related pulmonary inflammatory responses. | yes |
10,733,019 | Are maternal serum levels of macrophage colony-stimulating factor associated with adverse pregnancy outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was the measurement of maternal serum levels of M-CSF throughout pregnancy, in a low risk obstetrical population, to examine the relationship of M-CSF and pregnancy outcome.",
"Maternal serum was obtained at various stages of pregnancy and post partum, M-CSF levels were ... | This study suggests that absolute levels and relative changes in maternal serum M-CSF levels during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. | yes |
10,747,344 | Is iL-8 an angiogenic factor in human coronary atherectomy tissue? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a CXC chemokine that induces the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, is a potent angiogenic factor that may play a role in atherosclerosis. Previously, IL-8 has been reported in atherosclerotic lesions and circulating macrophages from pa... | The results suggest that, in human coronary atherosclerosis, IL-8 is an important mediator of angiogenesis and may contribute to plaque formation via its angiogenic properties. | yes |
10,733,777 | Does ten weeks of rapid ventricular pacing create a long-term model of left ventricular dysfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"Rapid ventricular pacing produces a reliable model of heart failure. Cessation after 4 weeks of rapid ventricular pacing results in rapid normalization of left ventricular function, but the left ventricle remains persistently dilated. We present novel data that show that prolonged rapid ventricul... | Ten weeks of rapid ventricular pacing creates a long-term model of left ventricular dysfunction. | yes |
10,733,775 | Are the early response genes c-jun and HSP-70 induced in regional cardiac stunning in conscious mammals? | {
"contexts": [
"A reversible contractile dysfunction without necrosis after transient myocardial ischemia has been termed stunning. The molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are only now beginning to be unraveled. It is conceivable that the expression of early-response genes may play a crucial role in ... | The induction of early-response genes observed here may indicate that they play an adaptive role in myocardial stunning, even in conscious mammals. | yes |
10,733,772 | Is paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines associated with increased caspase-3 activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Our objective was to determine whether paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells is Fas dependent.",
"Human lung cancer cell lines were evaluated for morphologic evidence of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation (TUNEL positivity), and caspase-3 activation after paclitaxel treatment. Hum... | Paclitaxel induces apoptosis in lung cancer cell lines, as assessed by a consistent increase in caspase-3 activity, DNA laddering, and characteristic morphologic changes. Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in human lung cancer cells is associated with caspase-3 activation but is not Fas dependent. | yes |
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