pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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25,097,662 | Are suboptimal breastfeeding practices associated with infant illness in Vietnam? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite evidence supporting the importance of breastfeeding to child health, breastfeeding practices remain suboptimal in Vietnam. There is currently little evidence on the importance of breastfeeding in the prevention of morbidity during infancy in Vietnam. In order to provide country specific d... | Early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding protects against diarrhea and ARI. Results confirm that interventions to improve early and exclusive breastfeeding would contribute to improving child health and nutrition in Vietnam. | yes |
25,097,721 | Does prevalence and trigger of allergic rhinitis in the United Arab Emirates? | {
"contexts": [
"Allergic rhinitis is a morbid condition that is frequently overlooked by patients and physicians. This type of atopy has not been adequately investigated in the United Arab Emirates.",
"This cross-sectional, population-based observational study was conducted in the seven Emirates (Abu Dhabi, ... | At least 7% of the studied population had allergic rhinitis. Most (71%) of these patients had environmental triggers and remained untreated. Allergic rhinitis awareness and measures to control allergens and dust are needed. The impact of preventing allergic rhinitis on other common atopies in the region deserves future... | yes |
25,087,903 | Is the level of specialist assessment of adult asthma influenced by patient age? | {
"contexts": [
"Late onset asthma is associated with more severe disease and higher morbidity than in younger asthma patients. This may in part relate to under recognition of asthma in older adults, but evidence on the impact of patient age on diagnostic assessment of asthma in a specialist setting is sparse.",
... | A lower level of diagnostic assessment was observed already after the age of 35 years, indicating a risk for under diagnosis of asthma at an earlier patient age than previously thought. | yes |
25,072,283 | Does polarization of the vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase delineate a transition to high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm lesions? | {
"contexts": [
"A functional vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase (v-ATPase) complex regulates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The goal of this study was to identify the distribution of the v-ATPase in human and murine models of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanINs) and assess its role in Wnt/β-catenin s... | The v-ATPase regulates Wnt/β-catenin and EGF receptor signaling in PanINs. | yes |
25,072,285 | Is sleep disturbance after fracture related to emotional well-being rather than functional result? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to investigate the rate, longitudinal improvement, and risk factors of sleep disturbance after 4 common orthopaedic traumatic conditions.",
"The functional status of 1095 patients was prospectively assessed using validated questionnaires for patients with acute proxi... | At 12-month follow-up, poor sleep was independently associated with poor emotional status but not associated with poor functional status. The mental health status of patients with sleep difficulty in the latter stages of fracture healing should be carefully assessed to provide the highest level of care. The results of ... | yes |
25,087,999 | Is serum vitamin D associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese males with normal weight and liver enzymes? | {
"contexts": [
"Considering the characterization of vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor of ectopic fat deposition, the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] levels with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was evaluated in Chinese men with normal body mass index (BMI) and enzyme markers of... | The present study demonstrated that serum 25(OH)D3 levels were inversely associated with NAFLD, even in subjects with normal total body fat, suggesting a potential role of lower levels of vitamin D in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. | yes |
25,098,080 | Do efficacy of newly formulated ointment containing 20 % active antimicrobial honey in treatment of burn wound infections? | {
"contexts": [
"Honey has been familiar to possess antimicrobial potential to clear infection against burn wound infecting bacteria since ancient times. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of the newly formulated honey ointment during the treatment of burn wound infections. The Experimental (... | Newly formulated ointment containing 20% active antimicrobial honey is more effective and low-cost alternative preparation for the treatment of burn wound infections. | yes |
25,096,284 | Does histologic evaluation of in vivo femtosecond laser-generated capsulotomies reveal a potential cause for radial capsular tears? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare histologically the size and appearance of capsule disks after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery and conventional cataract surgery.",
"In 100 eyes of 100 patients with visually significant cataracts, a femtosecond laser capsulotomy or a capsulorhexis with an aimed diameter... | Femtosecond laser can perform a capsulotomy with high reliability. In comparison to a highly experienced cataract surgeon, the achieved results in size are similar. In terms of circularity, the femtosecond laser was superior the manual procedure. Better refractive outcomes based on a 360°-degree optic overlap seem to b... | yes |
25,096,285 | Do pilot study of glaucoma drainage implant surgery supplemented with reticulated hyaluronic acid gel in severe glaucoma? | {
"contexts": [
"This pilot study, the first of its type, was conducted to determine the clinical outcome of glaucoma drainage implant (GDI) surgery supplemented with injectable crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA) in patients with severe glaucoma.",
"This was a retrospective chart study involving 10 eyes of 10 p... | In eyes with severe glaucoma, the intraoperative application of crosslinked sodium HA gel may improve the efficacy of GDI surgery. | yes |
25,085,325 | Are differences in otosclerotic and normal human stapedial osteoblast properties normalized by alendronate in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Identify and compare phenotypic properties of osteoblasts from patients with otosclerosis (OSO), normal bones (HOB), and normal stapes (NSO) to determine a possible cause for OSO hypermineralization and assess any effects of the bisphosphonate, alendronate.",
"OSO (n = 11), NSO (n = 4), and H... | OSO cultures displayed properties of hypermineralization due to decreased osteopontin (OPN) and also had increased RANKL/OPG, which were normalized by alendronate. | yes |
25,083,187 | Does morphine attenuate testosterone response to central injection of kisspeptin in male rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Kisspeptin and naloxone stimulate the reproductive axis while morphine inhibits its function. We have investigated the effect of central injection of kisspeptin-10 on mean plasma testosterone concentration in morphine or naloxone pretreated rats.",
"In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar ... | Morphine and kisspeptin systems may interact with each other to control the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. | yes |
25,087,753 | Does prediction of Thorough QT study result using action potential simulations based on ion channel screens? | {
"contexts": [
"Detection of drug-induced pro-arrhythmic risk is a primary concern for pharmaceutical companies and regulators. Increased risk is linked to prolongation of the QT interval on the body surface ECG. Recent studies have shown that multiple ion channel interactions can be required to predict changes ... | This study provides a proof-of-principle for the prediction of human TQT study results using data available early in drug development. We highlight a number of areas that need refinement to improve the method's predictive power, but the results suggest that such approaches will provide a useful tool in cardiac safety a... | yes |
25,078,146 | Is the altered mononuclear cell-derived cytokine response to glucose ingestion regulated by excess adiposity in polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Excess adipose tissue is a source of inflammation. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a proinflammatory state and is often associated with excess abdominal adiposity (AA) alone and/or frank obesity.",
"To determine the effect of glucose ingestion on cytokine release from mononuclear cells (M... | Women with PCOS fail to suppress MNC-derived cytokine release in response to glucose ingestion, and this response is independent of excess adiposity. Nevertheless, a similar response is also a feature of obesity per se. Circulating MNC and excess adipose tissue are separate and distinct sources of inflammation in this ... | no |
25,091,841 | Is crohn 's disease but not diverticulitis an independent risk factor for surgical site infections in colectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Surgical site infections (SSIs) after colectomy for colon cancer (CC), Crohn's disease (CD), and diverticulitis (DD) significantly impact both the immediate postoperative course and long-term disease-specific outcomes. We aim to profile the effect of diagnosis on SSI after segmental colectomy usi... | For patients undergoing segmental colectomy in the NSQIP data set, statistically significant increases in SSI are seen in CD, but not DD, when compared to CC, thus confirming CD as an independent risk factor for SSI. | yes |
25,073,922 | Do dopamine D1 and corticotrophin-releasing hormone type-2α receptors assemble into functionally interacting complexes in living cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Dopamine and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH; also known as corticotrophin-releasing factor) are key neurotransmitters in the interaction between stress and addiction. Repeated treatment with cocaine potentiates glutamatergic transmission in the rat basolateral amygdala/cortex pathway throu... | D1 and CRF2 α receptors are capable of heterodimerization in living cells. D1 /CRF2 α receptor heteromerization might account, at least in part, for the complex physiological interactions established between dopamine and CRH in normal and pathological conditions such as addiction, representing a new potential pharmacol... | yes |
25,070,472 | Is increased Hs-CRP/adiponectin ratio associated with increase carotid intima-media thickness? | {
"contexts": [
"High sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and adiponectin (APN) are two critical cytokines and exert inverse effects on atherosclerosis initiation and progression. The purpose of our study was to investigate the value of Hs-CRP and ANP ratio (Hs-CRP/APN ratio) on evaluating atherosclerosis pro... | Hs-CRP/APN ratio was a useful predictor to discriminate subjects who were at increased risk of atherosclerosis progression. | yes |
10,735,902 | Is fluorescence in situ hybridization on peripheral-blood specimens a reliable method to evaluate cytogenetic response in chronic myeloid leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the usefulness of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on peripheral-blood specimens to evaluate the cytogenetic response to treatment in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).",
"In a first attempt, we analyzed 62 bone marrow specimens using interphase FISH and compar... | Our results confirmed that FISH is a sensitive technique for the evaluation of response to treatment in patients with CML. Moreover, our study suggests that follow-up of cytogenetic response to therapy can be evaluated on peripheral-blood specimens, thus enabling an easier and more frequent evaluation of patients. The ... | yes |
10,735,901 | Does hypersensitivity or development of antibodies to asparaginase impact treatment outcome of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Development of antibodies and hypersensitivity to asparaginase are common and may attenuate asparaginase effect. Our aim was to determine the relationship between antiasparaginase antibodies or hypersensitivity reactions and event-free survival (EFS).",
"One hundred fifty-four children with a... | In this setting, in which most patients with allergy were switched to another preparation, there was no adverse prognostic impact of clinical or subclinical allergy to asparaginase. | no |
10,735,904 | Is vinorelbine an effective and safe drug for AIDS-related Kaposi 's sarcoma : results of a phase II study? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the safety and efficacy of vinorelbine in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma (KS).",
"From December 1994 to May 1997, within the Italian Cooperative Group on AIDS and Tumors, we enrolled 36 patients with AIDS-related KS who experienced disease progression after one or more ... | Vinorelbine is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with advanced KS who have been previously treated with one or more chemotherapy regimens. | yes |
10,731,532 | Do serum testosterone levels decrease in middle age in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether testosterone levels change as women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) grow older.",
"A follow-up cross-sectional study of a cohort of women with PCOS identified up to 20-25 years ago.",
"Women with PCOS were recruited primarily from practice records between 19... | Hyperandrogenism partly resolves before menopause in women with PCOS. This change may explain the tendency of women with PCOS to cycle regularly as they grow older. Testosterone levels remain elevated in older women with PCOS, however, and may contribute to their increased risk for cardiovascular disease, endometrial c... | yes |
10,731,533 | Does androgen excess contribute to altered growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the relationship between ovarian androgen excess and impaired growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis in nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).",
"A prospective, controlled clinical study.",
"Reproductive Endocrine Unit, Department of Ob... | Impaired somatotrophic axis caused by a defect in central dopaminergic activity may be responsible for severe anovulation in these women with PCOS, which could be reversed by removing excessive androgens with OWR. | yes |
10,737,491 | Is detection of micrometastatic prostate cancer cells in the lymph nodes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction predictive of biochemical recurrence in pathological stage T2 prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"We evaluated whether detecting prostate cancer cells by the nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in lymph nodes has predictive value for serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.",
"We assessed the presence of pro... | Nested RT-PCR of the lymph nodes may be a useful pretreatment prognostic test for patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Further research is necessary using a much larger number of patients with a longer followup. | yes |
10,735,680 | Is low-dose aprotinin ineffective to treat excessive bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass? | {
"contexts": [
"Uncontrolled clinical experience at our institution suggested that low-dose aprotinin could control excessive bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). A randomized clinical trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of low-dose aprotinin in the treatment of hemorrhage after cardiac surgery... | Routine administration of low-dose aprotinin as part of the treatment protocol to control hemorrhage after CPB does not reduce bleeding or transfusion requirements and, therefore, cannot be recommended. | yes |
10,735,683 | Does ischemic preconditioning protect against paraplegia after transient aortic occlusion in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Paraplegia can result from operations requiring transient occlusion of the thoracic aorta. A rat model of paraplegia with the characteristics of delayed paraplegia and transient ischemic dysfunction was developed to determine whether ischemic preconditioning (IPC) improved neurologic outcome.",
... | A rat model of spinal cord ischemia demonstrating both delayed paraplegia and transient ischemic dysfunction was characterized. Both 2-minute and 5-minute periods of IPC were found to protect against paraplegia. | yes |
10,730,731 | Does diclofenac premedication but not intra-articular ropivacaine alleviate pain following day-case knee arthroscopy? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of 50 mg diclofenac p.o. before surgery and intra-articular ropivacaine injected after diagnostic day-case knee arthroscopy performed under spinal anesthesia.",
"In a randomized, double-blind investigation, 200 ASA physical status 1-2 outpatients... | Diclofenac premedication p.o. reduced the VAS scores at eight hours postoperatively while intra-articular ropivacaine did not. | yes |
10,730,730 | Does advancement of the mandible facilitate nasal breathing in human subjects sedated with midazolam? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine how anterior advancement of the mandible (ADM) affects spontaneous breathing through the nasal route in healthy human volunteers sedated with intravenous midazolam.",
"In four subjects who exhibited nasal breathing during midazolam sedation (intravenous dose: 0.09+/-0.02 mg x kg(... | Advancement of the mandible decreases nasal resistance, thereby facilitating spontaneous breathing through the nasal route in normal humans sedated with midazolam. | yes |
10,728,400 | Does aCE-inhibition promote apoptosis after balloon injury of rat carotid arteries? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiotensin II stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth, and is considered to be an important mediator of intimal thickening after vascular injury. Recent evidence has indicated that VSMC apoptosis plays a major role in the response to balloon injury, and we therefore examined the eff... | Captopril inhibits neointimal formation in the rat model of arterial injury by mechanisms involving induction of VSMC apoptosis. | yes |
10,739,518 | Are adenylate cyclase and potassium channels involved in forskolin- and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin-induced inhibition of pregnant rat uterus contractility? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to study the contribution of potassium channels in the effect of forskolin and 1,9-dideoxyforskolin on uterine contractility in the pregnant rat.",
"Rings taken from the middle portions of uterine horns from rats at 16 days of gestation were positioned in organ chambers containing p... | Activation of adenylate cyclases, as well as adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channels and, to a greater extent, calcium-dependent potassium channels, is involved in the inhibitory effect of forskolin in uterine rings from rats at 16 days of gestation. Inhibition of uterine contractions by 1,9-dideoxyforskoli... | yes |
10,748,868 | Is hHV-8 ( KSHV ) associated with bacillary angiomatosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Bacillary angiomatosis is a rare pseudoneoplastic angioproliferative lesion occurring in patients with AIDS. This condition has been associated with Bartonella henselae and Bartonella quintana infections. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is thought to be the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, a vaso... | HHV-8 was not demonstrated in the lesions of bacillary angiomatosis and therefore does not appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of this pseudoneoplastic angioproliferative disorder. This finding might be useful in the distinction of bacillary angiomatosis from Kaposi's sarcoma, because lesions from patients with K... | no |
10,754,003 | Is postischemic attenuation of cerebral artery reactivity increased in the presence of tissue plasminogen activator? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the combined effect of tissue plasminogen activator and ischemia on middle cerebral artery (MCA) reactivity to determine whether abnormal MCA function after 2 hours of ischemia was worse in arteries perfused with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA).",
"The intralum... | These results demonstrate that both ischemia and rtPA perfusion diminish cerebral artery reactivity and that the combination may produce an additive effect. This impaired reactivity may contribute to reperfusion-induced injury during or after thrombolysis by altering upstream cerebrovascular resistance. | yes |
10,738,217 | Do atypical bronchopulmonary carcinoids show a tendency toward increased apoptotic and proliferative activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors can be divided into typical and atypical carcinoids according to their histologic and clinical features. Atypical carcinoids tend to have less predictable biologic behavior and are associated with a worse prognosis than typical carcinoids. The authors examined ap... | This study suggests that the extent of apoptosis in bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors is low. This, together with a low proliferation rate and an apparent absence of p53 mutation, enables a benign growth pattern. Some atypical carcinoids with enhanced apoptosis are associated with shortened survival, clearly deviating ... | yes |
10,735,611 | Is terlipressin more effective in decreasing variceal pressure than portal pressure in cirrhotic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Terlipressin decreases portal pressure. However, its effects on variceal pressure have been poorly investigated. This study investigated the variceal, splanchnic and systemic hemodynamic effects of terlipressin.",
"Twenty cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices grade II-III, and portal pre... | Our results demonstrate that terlipressin produces significant and prolonged decreases in variceal pressure and variceal wall tension and has intrinsic effects on portal pressure and systemic hemodynamics. Variceal pressure provides a better assessment of the effects of terlipressin administration on esophageal varices... | yes |
10,730,995 | Does hyperbaric oxygen therapy affect recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) improves recovery after exercise-induced muscle injury.",
"Healthy male subjects (N = 24) were randomly assigned to either a placebo group or a HBOT group. Subjects were tested for maximal isometric strength (preexercise) of the... | These results indicate that HBOT is not an effective therapy for the treatment of DOMS. | no |
10,735,786 | Does localized airway anesthesia with lidocaine partially suppress cardiovascular responses To lung inflation? | {
"contexts": [
"Lung inflation causes cardiovascular suppression via an increase in intrathoracic pressure and neural mechanisms. To examine the mechanisms involved, we mea-sured the heart rate (HR) and arterial blood pressure (AP) responses to lung inflation before and after spraying the bronchi with lidocaine ... | Localized airway anesthesia with lidocaine is unlikely to suppress the cardiovascular responses to lung inflation. This suggests that a limited number of neurogenic mechanisms are involved in the cardiovascular responses to lung inflation in anesthetized humans. | yes |
10,733,121 | Does local somatothermal stimulation inhibit motility of the internal anal sphincter through nitrergic neural release of nitric oxide? | {
"contexts": [
"A somatoanal reflex had been demonstrated in our previous work. Because nitric oxide plays an important role in mediating relaxation of the internal anal sphincter, our purpose was to examine whether and how local somatothermal stimulation inhibits the function of the internal anal sphincter by s... | Local somatothermal stimulation inhibits internal anal sphincter motility through the activation of nonadrenergic noncholinergic neural release of nitric oxide. This procedure may represent a simplified approach for the treatment of anorectal diseases with hypofunction of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. [Key words... | yes |
10,731,501 | Does oligomeric but not monomeric silica prevent aluminum absorption in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"Soluble silica, a ubiquitous component of the diet, may be the natural ligand for dietary aluminum and may prevent its accumulation and toxicity in animals. However, previous studies on the inhibition of aluminum absorption and toxicity by soluble silica have produced conflicting results. We rece... | The oligomeric, high-aluminum-affinity form of soluble silica reduces aluminum availability from the human gastrointestinal tract. Its potential role in the amelioration of aluminum toxicity in other biological systems requires attention. | yes |
10,755,734 | Do repeated ECS and fluoxetine administration have equivalent effects on hippocampal synaptic plasticity? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have implicated intracellular transduction pathways and neurotrophic factors in the action of antidepressants. Adaptation in these pathways may ultimately affect electrophysiological and morphological properties of neurones. We have previously shown that repeated electroconvulsive ... | Given that fluoxetine and rECS share antidepressant properties, but differ in their effects on learning and memory, we propose that the common effects on dentate connectivity and synaptic plasticity described here are more likely to relate to affective rather than cognitive function. This result is consistent with othe... | yes |
10,737,527 | Does collagen-to-smooth muscle ratio help prediction of prognosis after pyeloplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"We quantitatively evaluated the collagen-to-smooth muscle tissue matrix ratio in ureteropelvic junction obstruction, and compared the ratio with the degree of obstruction, patient age and postoperative renal recovery.",
"We analyzed histological sections from 65 patients with ureteropelvic ju... | Since our data represent an objective and quantitative parameter associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction, we believe that our findings may help to predict the prognosis after pyeloplasty. | yes |
10,742,707 | Does celiprolol augment the effect of physical exercise on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels in chronic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Impaired insulin sensitivity has been linked with chronic heart failure (CHF). Exercise has a beneficial effect on insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects. It is used also as an adjunctive therapy in patients with CHF. We studied the effect of randomized treatment with celiprolol, a vasodilating ... | Insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels may be favorably affected by exercise training in subjects with mild-to-moderate CHF. Celiprolol, a vasodilating beta1- selective adrenoceptor antagonist, potentiates this effect. | yes |
10,752,934 | Is plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA localized in the ciliary epithelium of the rodent eye? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify in the adult and developing rodent eye cells expressing the gene encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an important component of the fibrinolytic system.",
"PAI-1 mRNA was localized in cryostat thin eye sections via in situ hybridization analysis using specific 35S-l... | During development, PAI-1 is likely to be involved in retina vascularization, in agreement with other cases of angiogenesis. Results for the adult eye indicate that the ciliary epithelium is the source for PAI-1 activity found in the aqueous humor. The results suggest that PAI-1 plays a role in balancing fibrinolysis a... | yes |
10,752,932 | Does cholestanol induce apoptosis of corneal endothelial and lens epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether cholestanol induces cornea endothelial and lens epithelial cell death in vitro.",
"Cornea endothelial and lens epithelial cells were cultured in minimum essential media with 10% fetal bovine serum containing 10 microg/ml cholesterol in ethanol, 10 microg/ml cholestanol in... | In vitro, cholestanol was taken up by corneal endothelial cells and lens epithelial cells, an event that led to apoptosis of these cells. | yes |
10,752,939 | Do conjunctival fibroblasts enhance the survival and functional activity of peripheral blood eosinophils in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of human conjunctival fibroblasts on the survival and functional activity of human peripheral blood eosinophils.",
"Eosinophils were purified by negative immunoselection [magnetic activated cell sorter (MACS), purity > 97%] from volunteers with mild atopia. Fibroblasts w... | Human conjunctival fibroblasts induced prolonged survival and increased secretory function of human peripheral blood eosinophils. Increased survival is partially mediated by IL-3, IL-5, and GM-CSF. The coculture of conjunctival fibroblasts with eosinophils can serve as an in vitro system for the study of eosinophil beh... | yes |
10,744,933 | Does screening women with a family history of breast cancer -- result from the British Familial Breast Cancer Group? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the efficacy of screening women under age 50 with a significant family history of breast cancer.",
"Results from 22 Breast Units in the UK identified as being able to provide data were surveyed and pooled through regional data managers or consultant breast specialists.",
"Dat... | This study provides evidence to suggest that screening young women with a significant family history of breast cancer is effective and that a survival benefit can be expected. As a result the British Familial Breast Cancer Group proposes a co-ordinated prospective observational study. | yes |
10,746,262 | Is methotrexate steroid sparing in acute sarcoidosis : results of a double blind , randomized trial? | {
"contexts": [
"Methotrexate has been steroid sparing for some patients with chronic sarcoidosis. We wished to determine whether methotrexate can be steroid sparing in the first year of corticosteroid therapy in sarcoidosis.",
"Patients with new onset, symptomatic disease within four weeks of starting on pre... | Methotrexate can be a steroid sparing agent in acute sarcoidosis. | yes |
10,752,165 | Do analysis of the effects of the continuous electrode paste band on precordial leads of the electrocardiogram? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if the application of a continuous electrode paste band on precordial leads results in alteration of the electrocardiographic tracing as compared with an adequate amount of electrode paste, and if the former condition does not cause uniform morphologies from V1 to V6.",
"The ampl... | Application of a continuous electrode paste band in the precordial leads may cause significant alterations in the electrocardiographic tracing obtained. | yes |
10,737,580 | Does major surgery increase serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor only temporarily? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a hypoxia-induced endothelial cell-specific mitogen, which is angiogenic in vivo and up-regulated in several malignancies. VEGF can be used as a prognostic marker, but the effect of surgical trauma on serum VEGF (S-VEGF) concentrations is unknown and m... | Even major surgery is associated only with a slight and transient increase in S-VEGF levels, and, therefore, is unlikely to interfere markedly with the use of VEGF as a prognostic marker. | yes |
10,746,454 | Does lactoferrin protect against UV-B irradiation-induced corneal epithelial damage in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Lactoferrin supplementation suppresses ultraviolet light B (UV-B)-induced oxidation of cultures of human corneal epithelial cells. To investigate the protective effect of lactoferrin containing eyedrops against UV-B-induced corneal damage in vivo, we examined lactoferrin efficacy in a rat UV-B ke... | These results suggest that the presence of lactoferrin in human tear fluid may inhibit UV-induced corneal epithelial damage. | yes |
10,749,617 | Is serum interleukin-10 but not interleukin-6 related to clinical outcome in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the clinical significance of preoperative serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).",
"IL-10 is an immunosuppressive factor and IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a role in host defense me... | In patients with HCC, the preoperative serum IL-10 level is related to the clinical outcome. IL-10 may play an important role in the progression of HCC. | yes |
10,738,573 | Does baculovirus vector require electrostatic interactions including heparan sulfate for efficient gene transfer in mammalian cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, several reports have described the ability of recombinant baculoviruses to transduce a variety of mammalian cells. Yet, mechanisms involved in baculovirus entry in those cells remain largely unexplored, particularly at the primary binding step of the virions to the cell membrane.",
... | Electrostatic charges play a critical role during the first step in mammalian cell transduction mediated by a recombinant baculovirus. | yes |
10,736,970 | Do vasoactive agents modulate migration of monocytes across glomerular endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Macrophages seem to play an important role in the development of glomerulosclerosis. In both human and experimental animal models of focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), infiltration of macrophages in the mesangium has been considered key in the development of FSGS.",
"In the present study, we ev... | Vasoactive agents directly modulate the transmigration of monocytes. The present in vitro study provides a basis for a hypothesis that vasoactive agents may also be modulating the migration of monocytes across the glomerular endothelial cell layer (into the mesangium). | yes |
10,752,335 | Does [ Thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer decrease after vitreous surgery for idiopathic macular hole ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the alteration of the retinal nerve fiber thickness (NFLT) before and after vitreous surgery for a macular hole in cases with or without visual field defects.",
"The NFLT of 23 eyes with idiopathic macular hole was measured with scanning laser polarimeter upto 12 months after s... | This study demonstrates that the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer decreases at least one month after surgery, even in cases without visual field defect. This fact may suggest the existence of a subclinical complication of vitreous surgery. | yes |
10,746,837 | Do systemic estrogens have no conclusive beneficial effect on human skin connective tissue? | {
"contexts": [
"Aging of the skin is affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Especially important extrinsic factor is ultraviolet radiation, which causes premature aging of the skin. Intrinsic aging is influenced by genetic factors, and changes in hormones. In menopause, changes in hormonal balance have bee... | Accordingly, several studies have been accomplished, in which hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used in order to prevent skin aging at or after the menopause. In this overview the results of previous studies, and a study done recently, are critically reviewed. | yes |
10,735,686 | Does biologically variable pulsation improve jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming? | {
"contexts": [
"Conventional pulsatile (CP) roller pump cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) was compared to computer controlled biologically variable pulsatile (BVP) bypass designed to return beat-to-beat variability in rate and pressure with superimposed respiratory rhythms. Jugular venous O2 saturation (SjvO2) below ... | Computer-controlled BVP resulted in significantly greater SjvO2 during rewarming from hypothermic CPB. Both mean and cumulative area under the curve for SjvO2 less than 50% exceeded a ratio of 20 to 1 for CP versus BVP. Cerebral oxygenation is better preserved during rewarming from moderate hypothermia with bypass that... | yes |
10,737,479 | Are outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin affected by substaging of high grade T1 transitional cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Substaging of T1 bladder tumors into T1a and T1b based on invasion of the tumor superficial to and beyond the muscularis mucosa has been assigned prognostic significance. We determined whether outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) differ between stage T1a and T1b subcategorie... | Substaging of T1 tumors did not affect response to BCG in regard to recurrence or progression. Therefore, intravesical BCG is effective for stages T1a and T1b disease. | no |
10,737,539 | Is altered synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of the castrated male mouse reversed by testosterone replacement? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of castration on hippocampal function, we have investigated synaptic transmission in the castrated male mouse in vivo. We also examined whether administering testosterone can reverse the changes.",
"Male 12 weeks-old C57BL/6J mice were divided into three experimental g... | Suppression of PPF and impairment of the potentiation by PBS in CA1 hippocampal neurons was observed in castrated male mice and these changes were reversed by testosterone injection. These findings suggest that altered synaptic transmission in the castrated male mouse is caused by disturbance of inhibitory neuronal net... | yes |
10,735,798 | Does magnesium sulfate potentiate morphine antinociception at the spinal level? | {
"contexts": [
"Intrathecal magnesium sulfate coinfusion with morphine increases antinociception in normal rats; however, because magnesium also delays the onset of tolerance, it is not clear whether this additional antinociception is a result of potentiated analgesia or tolerance abatement. We examined the anti... | Magnesium sulfate potentiates morphine analgesia when coadministered intrathecally in normal rats, and in an animal model of mechanical allodynia after a surgical incision. These results suggest that intrathecal administration of magnesium sulfate may be a useful adjunct to spinal morphine analgesia. | yes |
10,732,315 | Does hyperthermia prevent metabolic and cerebral flow responses to hypoxia in the fetal sheep? | {
"contexts": [
"Fetal brain temperature has been found to decrease during hypoxia, strongly suggesting a reduction in cerebral O2 consumption and increases in cerebral blood flow. These responses may protect the brain in part against hypoxic injury. This study was undertaken to examine whether these compensatory... | When temperature of the fetal sheep is elevated, as may occur with maternal fever, prolonged exercise, and elevated environmental temperatures, the fetal brain is less well protected against hypoxic injury. | yes |
10,732,319 | Are cD44-9v and CD44-10v potential molecular markers for squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva? | {
"contexts": [
"CD44 is a cell surface glycoprotein widely distributed in the extracellular matrix. CD44 isoforms arising from alternative mRNA splicing are implicated in tumor metastases. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of CD44s and two splice variants, CD44-9v and CD44-10v, in squamous c... | Our findings warrant larger multi-institutional studies to determine the potential of CD44-9v and CD44-10v as molecular markers of disease recurrence in vulvar carcinoma. We propose to test the use of anti-CD44-9v monoclonal antibody for radioimmunoimaging of occult LN metastases. | yes |
10,732,290 | Does cytokine gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells reflect a systemic immune response in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent data provide evidence of a systemic inflammatory response in severe acute pancreatitis; in contrast, the exact immune mechanisms underlying chronic pancreatitis remain unclear.",
"To investigate the immune response in the clinical features of chronic pancreatitis, we investigated the g... | The enhanced gene expression of TNFR-p75, TNFR-p55 and TNF-alpha in unstimulated PBMC demonstrates an enhanced leucocyte activation in patients with late-stage chronic pancreatitis and suggests a pathogenetic role of the cytotoxic TNF-alpha pathway in the clinical features of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. The pathoge... | yes |
10,732,291 | Does the endothelin antagonist bosentan improve survival in severe experimental pancreatitis in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Severity of pancreatitis seems to be aggravated by impairment of vascular perfusion of the gland. Early mortality occurs within the first few days from the acute consequences of pancreatic injury with subsequent inflammatory response. Because vasoactive substances, including endothelin, seem to c... | Therapy with the mixed endothelin A and endothelin B receptor antagonist bosentan does not influence the outcome after severe experimental pancreatitis. Therefore, blockade of endothelin A and B receptor subtypes may not be of major importance as a therapeutic principle in this model of experimental pancreatitis. | no |
10,726,964 | Does ursodeoxycholic acid reduce expression of heat shock proteins in primary biliary cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify injured cells in the liver of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and to determine the effects of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on these cells, we examined the cellular expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in PBC both before and after treatment with UDCA.",
"Expression... | The present data suggest that BECs and hepatocytes significantly express HSPs even in the early stages of PBC, and that UDCA treatment significantly improves their condition. The immunohistochemical evaluation of HSPs is a valid and sensitive means to identify injured cells in PBC. | yes |
10,740,161 | Is long-term estrogen replacement therapy associated with improved exercise capacity in postmenopausal women without known coronary artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Short-term estrogen administration improves vasodilation and has been shown to improve exercise capacity. However, it is unknown whether long-term estrogen replacement therapy is associated with improved exercise capacity in postmenopausal women without known coronary artery disease.",
"We st... | Estrogen replacement therapy is associated with increased exercise capacity as measured by MVO (2) and anaerobic threshold in postmenopausal women without coronary artery disease. This finding is consistent with the beneficial effect of short-term estrogen administration on improved endothelium-dependent and endotheliu... | yes |
10,755,522 | Does exocrine contamination of isolated islets of Langerhans deteriorate the process of revascularization after free transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the influence of exocrine tissue contamination on the process of vascularization of isolated pancreatic islets of Langerhans after free transplantation into Syrian golden hamsters.",
"After isolation by a modified collagenase digestion technique, a total of 45 individual islet... | These findings support the view that exocrine tissue contamination is detrimental for the process of angiogenesis and vascularization of freely transplanted pancreatic islets when grafted to a confined site such as striated muscle tissue. | yes |
10,755,521 | Does a surface-bound form of human C1 esterase inhibitor improve xenograft rejection? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) molecule against human complement attack on a swine endothelial cell (SEC) membrane. Human C1-INH functions as an inhibitor for complement reaction in the first step of the classical pathway in th... | The results suggest that the surface-bound form of C1-INH represents a good candidate as a safeguard against hyperacute rejection of xenografts. | yes |
10,755,520 | Does blocking the CD28-B7 T-cell costimulatory pathway abrogate the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in a murine heterotopic airway model? | {
"contexts": [
"CTLA4IgG that binds to B7 effectively inhibits the signaling of CD28/B7 pathway and induces antigen-specific T-cell unresponsiveness in vitro and in vivo. We examined whether the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in a murine heterotopic airway transplantation model is T cell dependent and... | We demonstrated that the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in a murine heterotopic airway model involves both CD28/B7-dependent and -independent processes. The luminal obliteration by fibrous tissue is clearly CD28/B7 dependent and can be inhibited by CTLA4IgG. The luminal obliteration of allografted trachea by... | yes |
10,738,282 | Does coating of coverslips with glow-discharged carbon promote cell attachment and spreading probably due to carboxylic groups? | {
"contexts": [
"For high-resolution microscopy, cells have to be analyzed through thin glass coverslips. Therefore, it is necessary to culture cells on coverslips for preservation of cell morphology. We found cell attachment and spreading to be relatively slow processes, even when cells were plated on coated cov... | All cell lines showed a rapid adhesion on carbon-coated coverslips. With fibroblasts we found the carbon coating to be superior to other coatings tested, mainly because the carbon did not influence cell morphology. Using synchronized or irradiated cells produced similar results. The superior performance of carbon coati... | yes |
10,748,874 | Do k-ras mutations appear in the premalignant phase of both microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial carcinogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Sequential events of endometrial tumorigenesis can be studied by comparison of genetic lesions seen in normal, premalignant, and malignant tissues. The distribution of k-ras mutations in microsatellite stable and unstable premalignant lesions was studied to determine whether this gene is implicat... | K-ras mutation occurs in both premalignant microsatellite stable and unstable endometrial neoplasia, sometimes before acquisition of features readily diagnostic as atypical endometrial hyperplasia. | yes |
10,738,567 | Does naked plasmid-mediated gene transfer to skeletal muscle ameliorate diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"The ability of tissues to take up naked plasmid DNA in vivo suggests an approach for reconstituting systemic metabolic deficiencies without the disadvantages of viral vectors and lipid-DNA complexes. Plasmid-mediated gene transfer into skeletal muscle was investigated as a means of providing a th... | Skeletal muscle is a potentially useful platform for ectopic secretion of insulin using naked plasmid as a gene transfer vector. Injection at two sites 14 days before the onset of severe hyperglycemia is optimal. This approach could protect Type I diabetics from fatal ketoacidosis and enhance the action of agents that ... | yes |
10,729,784 | Do athymic nude rats develop severe pulmonary hypertension following monocrotaline administration? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the significance of the presence or absence of the thymus in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) following monocrotaline (MCT) administration, the degree of MCT-induced PH (MCT-PH) in athymic nude (F344/N Jcl-rnu) rats was compared with that in their euthymic (rnu/+) lit... | Athymic nude rats developed severer PH than euthymic rats along with a greater number of mast cells and severer histopathological changes, such as thickening of the alveolar wall. Mast cell proliferation was considered to play a pivotal role in the development of PH in MCT-PH. | yes |
10,753,019 | Do allergens of Epicoccum nigrum grown in different media for quality source material? | {
"contexts": [
"The Epicoccum nigrum (EN) extract used in allergy disorders exhibits batch-to-batch variations in protein composition and allergenic potency. In this study, the allergens of EN grown in different media were investigated.",
"EN was grown in five different nutrient media as stationary cultures ... | The day-13 culture of EN in SBY was the most potent and may be selected for preparing EN extracts for diagnosis of allergy and future studies. | yes |
10,727,921 | Do event-related brain potentials distinguish processing stages involved in face perception and recognition? | {
"contexts": [
"An event-related brain potential (ERP) study investigated how different processing stages involved in face identification are reflected by ERP modulations, and how stimulus repetitions and attentional set influence such effects.",
"ERPs were recorded in response to photographs of familiar fac... | While the N170 reflects the pre-categorical structural encoding of faces, the 'N400f' and 'P600f' are likely to indicate subsequent processes involved in face recognition. Impaired structural encoding can result in the disruption of face identification. This is illustrated by a neuropsychological case study, demonstrat... | yes |
10,727,925 | Are spinally elicited peripheral nerve responses sensory rather than motor? | {
"contexts": [
"Spinally elicited peripheral nerve responses, commonly called neurogenic motor evoked potentials (NMEPs), are widely used to monitor spinal cord motor function during surgery. However, numerous evidence suggests that these responses are primarily sensory rather than motor. The collision technique... | Spinally elicited peripheral nerve responses are primarily sensory rather than motor and are mediated by the same neural pathways as SEPs. | yes |
10,746,133 | Do scanning laser densitometry and color perimetry demonstrate reduced photopigment density and sensitivity in two patients with retinal degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the feasibility of scanning laser densitometry with a modified Rodenstock scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) to measure the rod and cone photopigment distribution in patients with retinal diseases.",
"Scanning laser densitometry was performed using a modified Rodenstock scanning lase... | Scanning laser densitometry with a modified Rodenstock SLO is a useful method to assess the human photopigment distribution. Densitometry results were confirmed by dark adapted two color static perimetry. Photopigment distribution and retinal sensitivity profiles can be measured with high spatial resolution. This may h... | yes |
10,751,297 | Does anterior lumbar fusion improve discogenic pain at levels of prior posterolateral fusion? | {
"contexts": [
"A descriptive case review.",
"To assess the outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion for painful discs within a solid posterolateral spinal fusion.",
"Some patients continue to have pain after posterolateral spinal fusion despite apparently solid arthrodesis. One potential etiology is... | Low back pain that continues or recurs after apparently solid posterolateral spinal fusion may be caused by painful disc(s) at motion segment(s) within the fusion. A solid posterolateral spinal fusion may not protect the residual disc(s) from injury. Anterior interbody fusion can provide significant improvements in pai... | yes |
10,751,296 | Does sudden and unexpected loading generate high forces on the lumbar spine? | {
"contexts": [
"A cross-sectional study of spinal loading in healthy volunteers.",
"To measure the bending and compressive forces acting on the lumbar spine, in a range of postures, when unknown loads are delivered unexpectedly to the hands.",
"Epidemiologic studies suggest that sudden and unexpected loa... | Sudden and alarming events associated with manual handling cause a reflex overreaction of the back muscles, which substantially increases spine compressive loading. Manual handling regulations should aim to prevent such events and limit the weight of objects to be lifted. | yes |
10,752,544 | Does glucose uptake increase relative to oxygen consumption during short-term hibernation? | {
"contexts": [
"Although glucose uptake is increased in chronically hypoperfused, viable myocardium, the dynamic changes in glucose uptake relative to oxygen consumption in \"short-term\" models of hibernation have not been fully explored.",
"14 anesthetized swine were instrumented with an hydraulic occluder... | In this model of short-term hibernation, glucose and lactate uptake increase relative to oxygen consumption during sustained ischemia, and temporally coincide with the recovery of bioenergetics. The findings are consistent with the notion that glycolytically derived ATP is important for the maintainance of energy suppl... | yes |
10,752,546 | Does histologic evidence that basic fibroblast growth factor enhance the angiogenic effects of transmyocardial laser revascularization? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether addition of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), an angiogenic growth factor, enhances the angiogenic effects of transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR).",
"TMR is an investigational therapy for treating patients with medically refractory angina not amenable to tr... | On a histologic basis, basic fibroblast growth factor further enhances angiogenesis following TMR in ischemic myocardium mainly by increasing the size but not the total number of vessels. | yes |
10,731,651 | Is the endogenous pathway a major route for deep sternal wound infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Deep wound infections pose an increasing problem in cardiac surgery patients. Prospective infection monitoring is thus a means of identifying possible risk factors.",
"Within a period of 5 months, a total of 376 adult patients, 260 men and 116 women, with a mean age of 62.6 years (range 18-88... | The determination of the endogenous pathway for severe wound infection makes prevention possible by means of preoperative local S. aureus eradication. | yes |
10,731,650 | Does closure of the zone of apposition at correction of complete atrioventricular septal defect improve outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Outcome after correction of atrioventricular septal defect depends to a great deal on the postoperative function of the left atrioventricular valve. The related role of the zone of apposition ('cleft') has been debated: should it be closed (bileaflet repair) or should it be left untouched (trilea... | This study demonstrates the advantage of closing the zone of apposition ('cleft') as part of repair of complete atrioventricular septal defect. Survival, freedom from reoperation for left atrioventricular valve incompetence and over-all outcome were more favourable in patients of group II. The zone of apposition should... | yes |
10,727,759 | Are normohomocysteinaemia and vitamin-treated hyperhomocysteinaemia associated with similar risks of cardiovascular events in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease . A prospective cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Mild hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHC) is associated with an increased risk of premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease. We investigated the clinical efficacy with regard to the incidence of cardiovascular events of treatment of mild HHC with vitamin B(6) plus folic acid.",
"We studied 22... | These data are consistent with a protective effect of treatment with vitamin B(6) plus folic acid in patients with premature atherothrombotic cerebrovascular disease and post-methionine HHC. | yes |
10,745,049 | Are cerebrospinal fluid corticotropin-releasing hormone levels elevated in monkeys with patterns of brain activity associated with fearful temperament? | {
"contexts": [
"Asymmetric patterns of frontal brain activity and brain corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) systems have both been separately implicated in the processing of normal and abnormal emotional responses. Previous studies in rhesus monkeys demonstrated that individuals with extreme right frontal asym... | These findings suggest that, in primates, the fearful endophenotype is characterized by increased fearful behavior, a specific pattern of frontal electrical activity, increased pituitary-adrenal activity, and increased activity of brain CRH systems. Data from other preclinical studies suggests that the increased brain ... | yes |
10,744,973 | Does phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate induce actin-based movement of raft-enriched vesicles through WASP-Arp2/3? | {
"contexts": [
"Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP(2)) has been implicated in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and vesicle trafficking. It stimulates de novo actin polymerization by activating the pathway involving the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) and the actin-related protein complex ... | Sphingolipid-cholesterol rafts are preferred platforms for membrane-linked actin polymerization. This is mediated by in situ PIP(2) synthesis and tyrosine kinase signaling through the WASP-Arp2/3 pathway. Actin comets may provide a novel mechanism for raft-dependent vesicle transport and apical membrane trafficking. | yes |
10,743,818 | Does bone mineral density vary as a function of the rate of joint space narrowing in the hip? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether patients with a rapid rate of joint space narrowing (JSN) in the hip have higher initial bone mineral density (BMD) in the proximal femur and/or lumbar spine than corresponding patients with a slow rate of JSN.",
"Twenty-eight patients undergoing unilateral total hip repl... | Patients with a rapid rate of JSN of the asymptomatic hip after unilateral THR are characterized by elevated local and remote BMD. The local elevation in BMD implies that increased local bone density may contribute to or serve as a marker for increased risk of development of OA (assuming that JSN can be used as a predi... | yes |
10,755,530 | Do increased levels of GALbeta1-4GLCNACalpha2-6 sialyltransferase pretransplant predict delayed graft function in kidney transplant recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"Galbeta1-4GlcNAcalpha2-6 sialyltransferase (ST6GalI) is an acute phase reactant whose release from cells can be induced by proinflammatory cytokines. Because patients with chronic renal failure have high circulating levels of proinflammatory cytokines, we hypothesized that patients on the renal t... | ST6GalI levels are high in renal failure patients awaiting a renal transplant and may be a risk factor for the development of delayed graft function. The assessment and perhaps modulation of a potential transplant recipient's ST6GalI systemic level may be beneficial. | yes |
10,738,582 | Does keratinocyte growth factor induced epithelial proliferation facilitate retroviral-mediated gene transfer to distal lung epithelia in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Cell proliferation, vector titer and accessibility of target cells represent hurdles for efficient gene transfer to lung epithelia in vivo using recombinant murine leukemia (MuLV)-based retroviruses. We tested the hypothesis that the pulmonary epithelium is susceptible to retroviral-mediated gene... | KGF transiently stimulates epithelial proliferation in vivo, facilitating MuLV-based gene transfer. Retroviral vectors may encounter multiple barriers which have evolved to defend the lung from infections. | yes |
10,731,000 | Is hSP expression in human leukocytes modulated by endurance exercise? | {
"contexts": [
"Temperature increase, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reactions after endurance exercise were expected to stimulate the synthesis of heat shock proteins (HSP) in peripheral blood leukocytes. Furthermore, it was of interest whether regular endurance training influences HSP expression.",
"Th... | Strenuous exercise increased HSP expression in blood immediately after the run, indicating a protective function of HSP in leukocytes of athletes to maintain function after heavy exercise. The downregulation of HSP-positive cells in trained athletes at rest seems to be a result of adaptation mechanisms to regular endur... | yes |
10,731,001 | Does vitamin E regulate changes in tissue antioxidants induced by fish oil and acute exercise? | {
"contexts": [
"Prooxidant effects of fish oil supplementation could unfavorably affect the cardiovascular benefits of fish oil. We tested the effects of 8 wk vitamin E cosupplementation with fish oil on antioxidant defenses at rest and in response to exhaustive exercise in rats.",
"Rats (N = 80) were divide... | Vitamin E supplementation markedly decreased fish oil induced antioxidant enzyme activities in all tissues. Sparing of glutathione may be an important mechanism by which vitamin E decreased tissue protein oxidative damage. | yes |
10,748,869 | Is parvovirus B19 associated with benign testes as well as testicular germ cell tumours? | {
"contexts": [
"Parvovirus B19 has been demonstrated in testes of patients with germ cell tumours but not in controls, raising the possibility that the virus has an aetiological role in these tumours. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of the virus with germ cell tumours and to localise t... | This confirms the presence of parvovirus B19 in a proportion of germ cell tumours; however, in one patient, the virus was widespread in the tissue components and not confined to tumour cells. In addition, the virus was present in control benign testes. These data suggest that B19 might not be of aetiological importance... | yes |
10,738,551 | Do activation conditions determine susceptibility of murine primary T-lymphocytes to retroviral infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Genetically modified T-lymphocytes are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of various disorders. Successful retroviral infection of primary murine T-lymphocytes is a prerequisite to the study of adoptive cell therapies in a small animal model. The definition of factors controlling retr... | We establish conditions that enable efficient retroviral-mediated gene transfer in murine primary T-lymphocytes. T-lymphocytes are not uniformly susceptible to retroviral infection depending on the mode of T-cell activation. These findings have implications for devising approaches to the study of T-cell biology, adopti... | yes |
10,736,276 | Is l-NMMA ( a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor ) effective in the treatment of cardiogenic shock? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of L-NMMA in the treatment of cardiogenic shock.",
"We enrolled 11 consecutive patients with cardiogenic shock that persisted after >24 hours from admission, despite coronary catheterization and primary percutaneous transluminal coronary rev... | L-NMMA administration in patients with cardiogenic shock is safe and has favorable clinical and hemodynamic effects. | yes |
10,733,475 | Are monocytes from systemic lupus erythematous patients severely altered in phenotype and lineage flexibility? | {
"contexts": [
"Cells of the myeloid lineage comprise a very heterogeneous population with many phenotypes and functional activities including macrophages and dendritic cells. To investigate the status, differentiative potential and lineage commitment of monocytic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pati... | Monocytes from SLE patients are severely altered in phenotype and function and have a limited differentiation flexibility towards the accessory type of monocytic cells. | yes |
10,733,479 | Is prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in urine of male patients with ankylosing spondylitis increased? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with controls, using DNA amplification assays in urine specimens.",
"The prevalence of C trachomatis infections was assessed in 32 male AS patients and 120 age and sex matched controls. Urine... | The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections, as detected by commercially available DNA amplification assays in urine specimens, in AS patients is not higher compared with male controls of the same age. However, there seems to be an association between specific antibodies to C trachomatis and AAU. | no |
10,754,007 | Does in vivo gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase to carotid arteries from hypercholesterolemic rabbits enhance endothelium-dependent relaxations? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypercholesterolemia is associated with abnormal endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation due to decreased nitric oxide bioavailability. Our aim was to examine the effect of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to the hypercholesterolemic rabbit carotid artery... | Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of eNOS to carotid arteries of cholesterol-fed animals improves endothelium-dependent relaxation when an optimal viral titer is administered. | yes |
10,754,005 | Does acute carotid occlusion alter the activation flow coupling response to forepaw stimulation in a rat model? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether the hemodynamic response to functional stimulation is sensitive to proximal arterial occlusion, we measured the activation flow coupling response in a rat model of acute reversible vascular occlusion.",
"In alpha-chloralose-anesthetized rats (n=18), laser Doppler measurem... | These findings suggest that temporal characteristics of functional activation responses are sensitive to alterations in the proximal arterial supply and, conversely, that functional activation studies must be interpreted with consideration of proximal arterial disease. | yes |
10,726,963 | Does kupffer cell depletion by CI2MDP-liposomes alter hepatic cytokine expression and delays liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Although Kupffer cells (KCs) are capable of producing important growth-stimulating cytokines, their role in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy (PH) remains poorly understood.",
"In the present study liver regeneration was studied after KC-depletion by intravenous administration ... | We conclude that KCs are important for hepatocyte regeneration after PH. Delayed liver regeneration in KC-depleted rats can be explained, at least in part, by an imbalanced hepatic cytokine expression, thereby suppressing important growth-stimulating cytokines. | yes |
10,727,919 | Are leg muscle reflexes mediated by cutaneous A-beta fibres normal during gait in reflex sympathetic dystrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is, from the onset, characterized by various neurological deficits such as an alteration of sensation and a decrease in muscle strength. We investigated if afferent A-beta fibre-mediated reflexes are changed in lower extremities affected by acute RSD.",
"The... | In the acute phase of RSD of the lower extremity there is no evidence for abnormal A-beta fibre-mediated reflexes or for defective regulation of such reflexes. This finding has implications for both the theory on RSD pathophysiology and RSD models, which are based on abnormal functioning of A-beta fibres. | yes |
10,735,541 | Does helicobacter pylori induce apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells through inducible nitric oxide? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastric mucosal injury by Helicobacter pylori has been suggested to be mediated by various cytokines induced by this organism. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule involved in immune regulation and defence. To clarify the mechanisms by which H. pylori induces gastric mucosal cell i... | These findings suggested that viable H. pylori induces apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells via nitric oxide. Our study indicated that iNOS expression plays an important role in gastric cell injury. | yes |
10,735,601 | Does immunotherapy prevent recurrent abortion without influencing natural killer receptor status? | {
"contexts": [
"We assessed the expression of natural killer (NK) receptors in recurrent aborters before and after immunotherapy using their husbands' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).",
"Using stored PBMCs from recurrent aborters before and after the immunotherapy, the expression of NK receptors, ... | The allo-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-stimulation caused by the immunotherapy for recurrent aborters did not affect the expression of NK receptors and the ratio of KARs to KIRs regardless of the outcome of subsequent pregnancies, suggesting that recurrent aborters may benefit from the immunotherapy through mechanisms ... | yes |
10,746,813 | Is improvement in left ventricular function in response to carvedilol accompanied by attenuation of neurohumoral activation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to evaluate whether improvement in ejection fraction (EF) with carvedilol therapy is accompanied by improvement in neurohumoral factors.",
"Forty-two patients with dilated cardiomyopathy were given carvedilol for 3 to 5 months. Changes in EF, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),... | The improvement in EF with carvedilol therapy was proved to be accompanied by an improvement in neurohumoral factors. | yes |
10,751,288 | Does anterior cervical plating reverse load transfer through multilevel strut-grafts? | {
"contexts": [
"In vitro biomechanical study using a programmable testing apparatus that replicated physiologic flexion/extension cervical spine motion and loading mechanics.",
"To determine the influence of anterior plating on multilevel cervical strut-graft mechanics in vitro.",
"The addition of anteri... | Anterior multilevel cervical plating effectively increases stiffness and decreases local cervical motion after corpectomy. However, anterior cervical plating also reverses graft loads and excessively loads the graft in extension, which may promote pistoning and failure of multilevel constructs. | yes |
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