pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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18,431,275 | Does autologous transplantation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells attenuate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells have been shown to circulate to damaged vascular endothelium and differentiate into mature endothelial cells. This study investigated whether bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell therapy ameliorates monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary ... | Autologous bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cell transplantation effectively ameliorates MCT-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. | yes |
18,413,195 | Do beta-blockers have a beneficial effect upon endothelial function and microalbuminuria in African-American subjects with diabetes and hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with microalbuminuria (MA) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events (CVE) that may be attenuated by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), unless microalbuminuria persists (PMA). African-Americans (AA) have a higher prevalence of nephro... | Our results clearly indicate that addition of beta-blockers to ACEI improves EF and reduces UAE in high-risk AA T2DM patients with PMA. Carvedilol but not metoprolol improves EF and reduces UAE in AA with identical BP control. Larger trials are needed to further elucidate the differential effects of carvedilol/metoprol... | yes |
18,424,077 | Does angiotensin II enhance EGF receptor expression levels via ROS formation in HaCaT cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent work has shown a novel function of angiotensin II (Ang II) in skin wound healing in which reactive oxygen species might be involved. As Ang II is known to increase superoxide production by activating NADPH oxidase in some non-phagocytic cells, we hypothesized that the produced superoxide b... | These results suggest that Ang II enhances the cell proliferation and EGFR expression via superoxide production under the regulation of NO in HaCaT cells, implying that Ang II may regulate the proliferation, differentiation and tumorigenesis of the epidermis by harmonizing the superoxide and NO production. | yes |
18,425,235 | Does morphine do no promote esophageal carcinogenesis in rats exposed to diethylnitrosamine? | {
"contexts": [
"The high incidence of esophageal cancer in the north of Iran has been associated to the consumption of opium and exposure to nitrosamines. Diethylnitrosamine has an established potential of producing experimental cancer in the esophagus and liver.",
"To evaluate by histopathology the effect o... | These results show that the morphine did not promote esophageal carcinogenesis and may have stimulated the hepatic metabolism of the first pass of the carcinogen. | yes |
18,422,517 | Does vascular endothelial growth factor-165 gene therapy promote cardiomyogenesis in reperfused myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-165 promotes cardiomyogenesis in chronic myocardial ischemia and nonreperfused myocardial infarction (MI). It is unknown whether this effect is present in reperfused MI. We sought to investigate the effect of VEGF-165 gene therapy on cardiomyogenesis afte... | IM VEGF-165 gene therapy promotes cardiomyogenesis in reperfused MI. However, no benefit in infarct size or cardiac function was observed at 4 weeks. The origin of these cells remains unknown and needs to be determined. | yes |
18,431,503 | Does orexigenic hormone ghrelin attenuate local and remote organ injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion? | {
"contexts": [
"Gut ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a serious condition in intensive care patients. Activation of immune cells adjacent to the huge endothelial cell surface area of the intestinal microvasculature produces initially local and then systemic inflammatory responses. Stimulation of the vagus ner... | These findings suggest that ghrelin attenuates excessive inflammation and reduces organ injury after gut I/R through activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. | yes |
18,412,860 | Does matrine inhibit invasiveness and metastasis of human malignant melanoma cell line A375 in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Matrine is a traditional Chinese medicine with significant inhibitory activity against malignant tumors. Its effects on the invasiveness and metastasis of malignant tumors have rarely been reported.",
"To investigate whether matrine can inhibit the metastasis-related activities of the human m... | These findings indicate that matrine inhibits the invasiveness and metastasis of A375 cells in vitro. The mechanisms may be linked to the inhibition of cellular proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and downregulation of heparanase mRNA and protein expression. | yes |
18,423,458 | Does vitamin D inhibit myometrial and leiomyoma cell proliferation in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and 25(OH)D(3) vitamin D derivates on the growth of leiomyoma and myometrial cells in vitro.",
"In vitro study.",
"Cell biology research laboratory.",
"Six premenopausal women with uterine leiomyomas undergoing hysterectomy.",
"Samples of... | Both myometrial and leiomyoma cell growth in vitro was effectively inhibited by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3). Vitamin D may play a role in the growth of uterine leiomyomas. | yes |
18,415,035 | Does addition of rituximab to chop increase the risk of cardiotoxicity in patients with non-Hodgkin 's lymphoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The addition of rituximab to doxorubicin-containing standard chemotherapy significantly improves response to therapy and reduces the risk of death in B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients. However, the impact of this approach on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity has not been elucidated.",... | Both CHOP and R-CHOP cause diastolic dysfunction in the early period following their administration. The addition of rituximab to CHOP chemotherapy does not significantly increase the risk of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity during this period. | no |
18,425,524 | Are changes in retinal thickness correlated with alterations of electroretinogram in eyes with central retinal artery occlusion? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the relationship between the retinal thickness and electroretinogram (ERG) components in patients with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).",
"The optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images and ERGs of the nine patients (six men and three women; mean age, 61.8 years) were ... | Measurement of retinal thickness by OCT can be useful for monitoring the changes following CRAO. The correlation between the retinal thickness, especially inner layer thickness, and the ERG components was determined, suggesting that the PhNR in the acute phase might be a good indicator for predicting the thinning of th... | yes |
18,416,432 | Does identification of key climatic factors regulating the transport of pesticides in leaching and to tile drain? | {
"contexts": [
"Key climatic factors influencing the transport of pesticides to drains and to depth were identified. Climatic characteristics such as the timing of rainfall in relation to pesticide application may be more critical than average annual temperature and rainfall. The fate of three pesticides was sim... | Numerous climatic characteristics influenced pesticide loss, including the amount of precipitation as well as the timing of rainfall and extreme events in relation to application date. Information regarding the relative influence of the climatic characteristics evaluated here can support the development of a climatic z... | yes |
18,422,607 | Does predictors and correlate of edentulism in the healthy old people in Edinburgh ( HOPE ) study? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the extent to which correlates of edentulism are explained by an association between tooth loss and cognitive ability.",
"Participants in the Healthy Old People in Edinburgh (HOPE) study aged 70 or more at baseline were assessed and health, cognitive, socio-economic and socio-env... | In healthy older people, edentulism is associated with relative impairment of cognitive ability, although this association is explained by the fact that lower original intelligence predisposes to edentulism and poorer performance on cognitive tests in old age. Once original intelligence is adjusted for, tooth loss is n... | yes |
18,418,860 | Does aPC mutation spectrum in ileoanal pouch polyps resemble that of colorectal polyps? | {
"contexts": [
"Ileoanal pouch polyps commonly develop following restorative proctocolectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In FAP adenomas, the relationship between germline and somatic adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations is determined by 'just right' beta-catenin signalling in tu... | Tissue environment appears to influence the position of the 'second hit' in pouch polyps and the mutations resemble those of large bowel polyps. | yes |
18,436,538 | Does colony-stimulating factor-1 transfection of myoblasts improve the repair of failing myocardium following autologous myoblast transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Skeletal myoblasts are used in repair of ischaemic myocardium. However, a large fraction of grafted myoblasts degenerate upon engraftment. Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) accelerates myoblast proliferation and angiogenesis. We hypothesized that CSF-1 overexpression improves myoblast survival ... | Autologous intramyocardial transplantation of CSF-1 overexpressing myoblasts might be a novel strategy in the treatment of ischaemia-induced heart failure. | yes |
18,410,395 | Does vitamin D receptor polymorphism ( -1056 Taq-I ) interact with smoking for the presence and progression of periodontitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this analysis was to investigate the relationship between a vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and the diagnosis and progression of periodontitis.",
"Data were derived from two different studies, including 231 subjects with healthy periodontium, 224 aggressive periodontitis and ... | Vitamin D receptor Taq-I TT polymorphism was moderately associated with both the presence and the progression of periodontitis in smokers, while no association was detected in non-smoking individuals. VDR genetic factors may interact with smoking in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. | yes |
18,424,645 | Does the lung-to-thorax transverse area ratio at term and near term correlate with survival in isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine how well liver position, the lung area-to-head circumference (L/H) ratio, and the lung-to-thorax transverse area (L/T) ratio predicted the need for extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and survival in fetuses with isolated congenital diaphragmatic... | In fetuses with isolated CDH at term or near term, the L/T ratio may be a better predictor of outcome than the L/H ratio or liver herniation. | yes |
18,412,081 | Is stent implantation effective treatment of vascular stenosis in young infants with congenital heart disease : acute implantation and long-term follow-up results? | {
"contexts": [
"Stents implantation in infants has been shown to be feasible, however, there are no published reports examining long-term outcomes. Concerns exist regarding creation of fixed obstructions secondary to the stent if expansion to larger diameters over time is not possible.",
"A retrospective ana... | Stent implantation in infants is safe and effective. Serial redilation is possible to keep pace with somatic growth; however, efforts should be made to implant stents with adult diameter potential in children who will not require further cardiac surgery. Implantation of small- and medium-sized stents can provide effect... | yes |
18,436,806 | Is tRIB3 R84 variant associated with impaired insulin-mediated nitric oxide production in human endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"In the endothelium, insulin promotes nitric oxide (NO) production, through the insulin receptor/IRS-1/PI3-Kinase/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. An inhibitor of insulin action, TRIB3, has recently been identified which affects insulin action by binding to and inhibiting Akt phosphorylation. We have r... | Our data demonstrate that the TRIB3 R84 variant impairs insulin signaling and NO production in human endothelial cells. This finding provides a plausible biological background for the deleterious role of TRIB3 R84 on genetic susceptibility to coronary artery disease. | yes |
18,424,460 | Does inhibition of mineralocorticoid receptors with eplerenone alleviate short-term cyclosporin A nephrotoxicity in conscious rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent data indicate that aldosterone aggravates cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity. We examined whether the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker eplerenone (EPL) antagonized early deterioration of renal function and blood pressure (BP) increase in CsA-treated rats.",
"Male Sprague... | MR blockade by EPL prevented short-term alterations in GFR, RBF and hypertension associated with CsA nephrotoxicity. We conclude that the aldosterone-MR pathway contributes markedly to the renal toxicity induced by this calcineurin inhibitor. | yes |
18,410,547 | Are polymorphisms in the brain-specific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 associated with fatigue and depression in hypothyroid patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Some hypothyroid patients continue to have significant impairments in psychological well-being, despite adequate treatment with levothyroxine (LT4). T4 transport across the blood-brain barrier is one of the crucial processes for thyroid hormone action in the brain. OATP1C1, a thyroid hormone tran... | OATP1C1 polymorphisms are associated with fatigue and depression, but do not explain differences in neurocognitive functioning or appreciation of LT4-LT3 combination therapy. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings. | yes |
18,436,402 | Does mRI estimation of total renal volume demonstrate significant association with healthy donor weight? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to correlate total renal volume (TRV) calculations, obtained through the voxel-count method and ellipsoid formula with various physical characteristics.",
"MRI reports and physical examination from 210 healthy kidney donors (420 kidneys), on whom renal volumes we... | Body weight was the physical characteristic which demonstrated the strongest correlation with renal volume in healthy subjects. Given this finding, a formula was derived for estimating the TRV for a given patient based on the his or her weight: TRV = 2.96 x weight (kg) + 113+/-64. | yes |
18,426,350 | Does incidence of postoperative infections in non-immunocompromised pediatric patients with low absolute neutrophil count preoperatively? | {
"contexts": [
"To discover the incidence of postoperative surgical site infections in non-immunocompromised pediatric patients with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < or = 1,000 preoperatively.",
"Office and hospital charts of consecutive patients with preoperative ANC < or = 1,000 undergoing elective sur... | There was a postoperative surgical site infection rate of 3.0% in non-immunocompromised children who had a preoperative ANC < or = 1,000, similar to the overall surgical site infection rate in children. Cancellation of elective procedures in non-immunocompromised children with ANC < or = 1,000 is not warranted on the g... | yes |
18,422,867 | Is procalcitonin a valuable prognostic marker in ARDS caused by community-acquired pneumonia? | {
"contexts": [
"ARDS is life-threatening acute respiratory failure, and pneumonia is one of the most common causes of direct ARDS. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been evaluated for its utility in determining the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), choice of antibiotics and prediction of outcome. This study... | PCT analysed within 72 h of the onset of ARDS predicted mortality of patients with ARDS caused by severe CAP. | yes |
18,410,801 | Do broad-spectrum sunscreens provide better protection from solar ultraviolet-simulated radiation and natural sunlight-induced immunosuppression in human beings? | {
"contexts": [
"It is well established that ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces immunomodulatory effects that may be involved in skin cancer. Recent studies have shown that UVA (320-400 nm) and UVB (290-320 nm) radiation are immunosuppressive. As a result, sunscreens, which mainly absorb UVB, may be less effectiv... | These results have been obtained after repeated exposure. Additional experiments obtained under acute exposure are in progress. | yes |
18,440,330 | Is coronary artery bypass surgery in patients with acute coronary syndromes difficult to predict? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the use of clopidogrel in patients \"unlikely\" to require coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is recommended in current guidelines of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) management, an important minority of patients require CABG. We assessed the ability to predict need for CABG from demogr... | It is difficult to predict those high-risk patients with ACS who will undergo surgical revascularization based on baseline clinical characteristics. | yes |
18,440,336 | Do albumin levels predict survival in patients with systolic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoalbuminemia is associated with poor prognosis in patients with certain chronic diseases, such as end-stage renal disease and cancer. Although low serum albumin is common in patients with heart failure (HF), the relationship between albumin and HF prognosis has not been well characterized. Thi... | Hypoalbuminemia is common in HF and is independently associated with increased risk of death in HF. Further investigation of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying hypoalbuminemia in HF is warranted. | yes |
1,638,716 | Is ventricular fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with increased fractionation of paced right ventricular electrograms? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraventricular conduction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been characterized to test the hypothesis that myofibrillar disarray will cause dispersion of activation throughout the ventricular myocardium.",
"Of 37 patients with HCM, four had spontaneous ventricular fibrillation (VF), ... | Patients with HCM who are at risk of sudden death have increased dispersion and inhomogeneity of intraventricular conduction, and this may create the conditions for reentry and arrhythmogenesis. | yes |
1,638,713 | Is furosemide-induced natriuresis augmented by ultra-low-dose captopril but not by standard doses of captopril in chronic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Ten chronic heart failure patients were studied on three occasions in randomized double-blind fashion to compare the acute hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and renal sodium-handling responses to 1 mg captopril versus 25 mg captopril, both in the absence of loop diuretic therapy and during furosemide-s... | We propose that in the face of furosemide-induced postglomerular vasodilatation in chronic heart failure, captopril at a starting dose of 1 mg (but not 25 mg) preserves enough circulating angiotensin II to maintain efferent arteriolar tone and thus glomerular filtration, while offsetting the antinatriuretic renal tubul... | yes |
1,637,760 | Are fetal breathing movements in oligohydramnios increased by aminoinfusion? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether fetal breathing movements (FBM) in pregnancies with oligohydramnios change with restoration of amniotic fluid volume.",
"A prospective experimental study.",
"Fetal Medicine Unit, tertiary referral hospital.",
"16 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by sev... | This study suggests that restitution of amniotic fluid volume in human pregnancies complicated by severe oligohydramnios does not acutely alter the incidence of FBM. These data support an increasing literature suggesting that impairment of fetal breathing is not the mechanism for oligohydramnios-related pulmonary hypop... | no |
1,636,665 | Does synthetic surfactant replacement therapy decrease estimated pulmonary artery pressure in respiratory distress syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effects of surfactant replacement therapy on the pulmonary artery pressure in infants with respiratory distress syndrome.",
"Nonrandomized, \"before-after\" trial.",
"Neonatal intensive care unit at a referral center.",
"Ten preterm infants with respiratory distress sy... | Synthetic surfactant replacement therapy in infants with respiratory distress syndrome induces a significant, but transient decrease in systolic pulmonary artery pressure with no effect on the ductal shunt. | yes |
1,633,893 | Is the natural killer activity of peritoneal fluid lymphocytes decreased in women with endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the local natural killer (NK) activity of the peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMC). DESIGN PATIENTS: In a prospective way, the NK activity (K562-assay) was measured in peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) of 44 women who underwent a laparoscopy for infertility and/o... | The NK activity is decreased in women with endometriosis and correlated significantly with the severity of the disease in both the PB and PF of women with endometriosis. | yes |
1,630,163 | Is [ The response of the growth hormone to acute effort a function of training ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The increase of the growth hormone (GH) during exercise is known although the relationship of this response with other hormones, the type and intensity of the exercise, nutritional state and with the degree of training are reasons for discussion. The aim of this investigation was to study the res... | These results suggest that the response of the growth hormone to exercise is a function of maximum oxygen consumption although this only explains 24% of the variants of the growth hormone. Despite important hormonal and metabolic mobilization during exercise, no model of multiple regression has been found which substan... | yes |
1,616,215 | Is the serum-ascites albumin gradient superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the serum-ascites albumin gradient to the exudate-transudate concept in the classification of ascites.",
"Prospective collection of ascitic fluid data from patients with well-characterized causes of ascites.",
"Hepatology inpatient and outpatient ward and consult service of a l... | The exudate-transudate concept should be discarded in the classification of ascites. The serum-ascites albumin gradient is far more useful than the AFTP as a marker for portal hypertension, but the latter remains a useful adjunct in the differential diagnosis of ascites. | yes |
1,625,442 | Do mercuric chloride-treated brown Norway rats develop widespread tissue injury including necrotizing vasculitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) induces a T cell-dependent autoimmune syndrome in Brown Norway (BN) rats, characterized by polyclonal B cell activation and circulating autoreactive T cells. A number of autoantibodies are produced, including antibodies to glomerular basement membrane, and there are circ... | We have identified a syndrome induced by mercuric chloride in BN rats in which there is evidence of tissue injury in many organs, with some features in common with graft-versus-host disease. There is also necrotizing leucocytoclastic vasculitis affecting the gut, and the importance of this is enhanced by the descriptio... | yes |
1,625,445 | Does sequential assay of human milk immunoglobulins show a predominance of lambda chains? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known of the light chains associated to heavy chains in secretions immunoglobulins. We investigated the partition of light chains in a mucosal fluid of easy access and major physiologic importance: human milk.",
"This study provides a sequential analysis of IgA, lambda and kappa cha... | This study indicates that milk immunoglobulins use an unusual partition of light chains, especially in IgA. | yes |
1,617,589 | Does prophylactic lymph node dissection in patients with advanced gastric cancer promote increased survival time? | {
"contexts": [
"There is no consensus of opinion regarding the efficacy of lymph node dissection.",
"Data were analyzed from 452 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent curative resection in the Department of Surgery II, Kyushu University Hospital, between 1970 and 1985, with special reference to... | Because the postoperative mortality rate is low in patients with lymph node dissection, the authors advocate prophylactic lymph node dissection to prevent a recurrence. | yes |
1,641,767 | Do growth hormone and insulin combine to improve whole-body and skeletal muscle protein kinetics? | {
"contexts": [
"A cooperative effect of exogenous insulin and recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) with respect to whole-body and skeletal muscle protein metabolism has not been demonstrated previously. This study examined the effect of r-hGH and insulin administration during euglycemic clamping and concurre... | r-hGH and insulin in the presence of amino acids and glucose combine to improve whole-body and skeletal muscle protein kinetics. | yes |
1,641,760 | Does growth hormone attenuate the abnormal distribution of body water in critically ill surgical patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Catabolic illness is associated with fluid retention and extracellular space expansion. To determine the effect of human growth hormone (GH) on body water compartments, critically ill surgical patients were studied for a 2-week period during which they either continued to receive standard intensi... | GH administration prevents ECW retention and stabilizes or normalizes fluid distribution during critical illness. Taken together with its known anabolic effects under these conditions, the maintenance of ICW demonstrates that GH can be used to preserve BCM in complex surgical patients. | yes |
1,636,188 | Does indomethacin promote germinal matrix microvessel maturation in the newborn beagle pup? | {
"contexts": [
"Although indomethacin has been demonstrated to prevent germinal matrix and intraventricular hemorrhage in clinical and animal studies, the mechanism of action of this agent to prevent hemorrhage remains unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated both that the microvessels in the germinal matrix ... | These data suggest that indomethacin may stimulate basement membrane deposition in the germinal matrix microvessels of newborn beagle pups to prevent germinal matrix and/or intraventricular hemorrhage. | yes |
1,641,779 | Do the effect of erythropoietin in normal healthy volunteers and pediatric patients with burn injuries? | {
"contexts": [
"Surgical procedures result in blood loss that can require replacement transfusions. Such therapy may result in multiple adverse sequelae, including transmission of infectious diseases and immune impairment. Alternative therapies are therefore desirable.",
"We evaluated the ability of recombin... | rEPO therapy offers the potential to increase red blood cell production in surgical patients. Failure to provide iron supplementation in patients receiving rEPO can lead to a rapid depletion of iron stores and may contribute to an immune dysfunction. | yes |
1,634,914 | Is lOPP alternating with EVAP superior to LOPP alone in the initial treatment of advanced Hodgkin 's disease : results of a British National Lymphoma Investigation trial? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this randomized trial was to compare the efficacy of eight cycles of chlorambucil, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (LOPP) with four cycles of LOPP that alternate with four cycles of etoposide, vinblastine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Familitalia Carlo Erba, Ltd, UK), and pre... | These results indicate that LOPP and EVAP is superior to LOPP alone as initial treatment for advanced Hodgkin's disease. | yes |
1,638,563 | Is postischaemic hypercontraction enhanced in ischaemically injured canine myocardium? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to identify the role of calcium flux in the pathogenesis of transient overshoot of regional myocardial contraction after brief ischaemia, ie, postischaemic hypercontraction.",
"Ten anaesthetised mongrel dogs were examined under open chest conditions. The left anterior descending c... | Exaggeration of postischaemic hypercontraction in ischaemically injured myocardium may be mediated by a trans-sarcolemmal calcium flux. Changes in calcium flux may play a role in the pathogenesis of this phenomenon in the normal myocardium. | yes |
1,638,564 | Does whole body heat stress fail to limit infarct size in the reperfused rabbit heart? | {
"contexts": [
"It has recently been shown that induction of heat stress proteins by whole body heat stress confers myocardial protection in the isolated in vitro rat and rabbit heart. This study extends the above studies by examining the effects of stress protein synthesis on the limitation of infarct size in t... | No protective effect of heat stress could be seen when infarct size was used as the end point. Either the protection seen in earlier studies using the Krebs perfused isolated heart model does not accurately reflect protection against myocardial infarction, or heat stress itself may induce injurious factors in the blood... | yes |
1,636,192 | Does a phospholipase C inhibitor ameliorate postischemic neuronal damage in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The hypothesis of calcium-induced neuronal damage has been proposed regarding brain ischemia. Phospholipase C is an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphodiesteratic cleavage of phosphatidylinositol. The cleavage of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate by phospholipase C yields 1,4,5-inositol triphos... | It is suggested that the activation of phospholipase C has an important role in postischemic delayed neuronal damage. | yes |
1,633,904 | Is the appearance of one-pronuclear human oocytes associated with a better ovulation-induction response and successful pregnancy outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the relationship between the presence of one-pronuclear oocytes in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients and ovulation-induction response, oocyte and embryo development, and clinical outcome.",
"Retrospective analysis of 535 consecutive IVF retrievals. Retrievals in which one or more... | Although there was an increase in the clinical and ongoing-livebirth pregnancy rates (PRs) in one-pronuclear patients, this was probably associated with an improved ovulation-induction response in the one-pronuclear patients. They achieved significantly higher E2 levels, recruited a larger number of follicles, and yiel... | yes |
1,623,476 | Are international trends in the incidence of bone cancer related to drinking water fluoridation? | {
"contexts": [
"Because osteosarcomas may develop in rats exposed to fluoridated water, water fluoridation might pose a cancer risk to humans.",
"A time trend analysis of the cumulative risk (CR) of bone cancer for the period 1958-1987 for 40 cancer registry areas showed an increased risk for young males in ... | The mortality/incidence ratio, but not the incidence rate (IR), has dropped sharply since then, which erodes the basis of past inferences relating cancer mortality to fluoridation. | no |
1,614,450 | Do [ Cerebral Doppler measurements in risk newborn infants have a prognostic value ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The prognostic value of cerebral doppler for the neonatal and the developmental prognosis was studied.",
"A prospective longitudinal study on 175 newborns at risk was performed. The blood flow velocities were recorded transcranially in the middle cerebral, posterior cerebral and internal caro... | Cerebral doppler seems to be of little value to determine the prognosis of newborns at risk. | no |
1,626,619 | Does alpha-Fluoromethylhistidine but not diphenhydramine prevent motion-induced emesis in the cat? | {
"contexts": [
"This study seeks to evaluate the comparative role of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine and diphenhydramine in the prevention of motion sickness.",
"The role of histaminergic mechanisms in motion sickness were evaluated in a feline model. Twenty-six female cats were studied. A variety of doses of fl... | The failure of diphenhydramine to prevent motion sickness was unexpected. This may reflect the route of administration or the animal model studied. Depletion of histamine with fluoromethylhistidine prevented motion sickness in cats. Our results suggest that this drug may provide a very long duration of protection in ca... | yes |
1,638,723 | Does severe right ventricular pressure loading in fetal sheep augment global myocardial blood flow to submaximal levels? | {
"contexts": [
"It has previously been shown that the fetal right ventricle (RV) is sensitive to changes in arterial pressure and that its stroke volume is significantly reduced with acute increases in pulmonary arterial pressure. However, the myocardial blood flow (MBF) response to increases in pulmonary arteri... | The fetal RV sensitivity to acute pressure loading is not associated with limitation of MBF. The fetal myocardium has a remarkable flow reserve that allows for preservation of function during acute increases in arterial pressure. | yes |
1,637,758 | Is sweeping of the membranes an effective method of induction of labour in prolonged pregnancy : a report of a randomized trial? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether sweeping of the membranes is an effective method of induction of labour in women with prolonged pregnancy.",
"Randomized controlled trial.",
"A district maternity hospital.",
"65 women attending an antenatal clinic; 33 randomized to sweeping of the membranes and 3... | Sweeping of the membranes is an effective method of induction of labour in women with prolonged pregnancy. | yes |
1,622,700 | Does lack of variation in venous tone potentiate vasovagal syncope? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the peripheral venous response to head up tilting in malignant vasovagal syndrome.",
"31 Patients with unexplained syncope or dizziness referred from the cardiology department.",
"Changes in calf venous volume were studied by a radionuclide technique during 45 degrees head ... | The venous response was different in the syncopal patients. The lack of response of the peripheral venous circulation to changes in the central circulation may be responsible for triggering the Bezold-Jarisch reflex and malignant vasovagal syncope. | yes |
1,638,730 | Does chronic reduction of myocardial ischemia attenuate coronary collateral development in miniswine? | {
"contexts": [
"Myocardial ischemia is considered to be a possible stimulus for development of the coronary collateral circulation. We therefore hypothesized that chronic reduction of myocardial oxygen demand to lessen ischemia would attenuate coronary collateral development over an 8-week period using left circ... | We conclude that growth and development of the coronary collateral circulation measured functionally during exercise at 90% of maximal heart rate is unrelated to the extent and duration of myocardial ischemia in this model. | no |
1,623,991 | Do human embryos produce transforming growth factors alpha activity and insulin-like growth factors II? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether growth factors are produced by early human embryos in culture.",
"We studied various growth factors in the culture media of human embryos (n = 6) cultured from days 3 to 8 after fertilization.",
"Four growth factors were measured: Insulin growth factors I and II (IGF-I a... | Transforming growth factor alpha activity and IGF-II are produced by human embryos in culture at a time when they could play a role in morula to blastocyst transformation. | yes |
7,923,682 | Does recombinant apolipoprotein A-I Milano reduce intimal thickening after balloon injury in hypercholesterolemic rabbits? | {
"contexts": [
"Several epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relation between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease. Recently, observational studies have suggested a similar inverse relation between HDL and restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty. Despite the... | Apo A-I M significantly reduced intimal thickening and macrophage content after balloon injury in cholesterol-fed rabbits without a change in arterial total cholesterol content. Although the precise mechanism of action remains to be defined, these findings are consistent with a direct vascular effect of apo A-I, which ... | yes |
7,923,687 | Is cytomegalovirus infection-enhanced allograft arteriosclerosis prevented by DHPG prophylaxis in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Major risk factors for accelerated allograft arteriosclerosis include humoral and cellular immune response, hyperlipidemia, and viral infections. We demonstrated earlier that rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) infection doubles smooth muscle cell proliferation and intimal thickening of rat aortic allogra... | We consider it likely that DHPG inhibits arteriosclerotic alterations primarily by reducing the infectious virus and thereby the inflammatory response in the allograft vascular wall; another possibility is a direct antiproliferative effect on smooth muscle cell replication. A dose-dependent inhibitory effect of DHPG on... | yes |
7,923,685 | Does fibrin-targeted recombinant hirudin inhibit fibrin deposition on experimental clots more efficiently than recombinant hirudin? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the indirect thrombin inhibitor heparin and the more potent direct inhibitor hirudin are useful in preventing thrombosis, a substantial opportunity remains for improving the thrombus selectivity of thrombin inhibitors.",
"To explore the effect of targeting an antithrombin to the surf... | Fibrin-targeted hirudin (in comparison with unmodified hirudin) significantly reduces fibrin deposition on the surface of experimental clots. | yes |
7,926,513 | Does gallbladder emptying determine early gallstone clearance after shock-wave lithotripsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Disappearance of gallbladder stones after shock-wave lithotripsy combined with bile acid therapy depends on mechanical evacuation and dissolution of fragments. Many patients with gallstones have impaired gallbladder emptying and may show delayed stone clearance after lithotripsy.",
"The effec... | Gallbladder emptying is a major determinant of early gallstone clearance after lithotripsy. | yes |
7,923,723 | Does [ Electroacupuncture promote the regeneration of different fibers in rat 's tibial nerve ]? | {
"contexts": [
"45 rats (150-200g) were divided into 9 groups. The experimental steps as follows: (1) injured left tibial nerve (group 1-8) and sham operation (group 9); (2) three days after operation, group 1, 3, 5 and 7 were stimulated with electro-acupuncture (EA) in Huantiao (+) and Sanyinjiao (-); (3) accor... | (1) EA promote the regeneration of three or more kinds of fibers in tibial nerve; (2) The regeneration velocity of sensory fibers was faster than sympathetic and somatic efferent fibers. | yes |
7,942,666 | Does pseudocyst drainage predispose to infection when pancreatic necrosis is unrecognized? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this report was to determine the clinical outcome of intervention among patients with a pancreatic pseudocyst associated with sterile pancreatic necrosis.",
"We reviewed records of all patients with sterile pancreatic necrosis who required intervention during the past 10 yr."... | When a pancreatic pseudocyst occurs in association with pancreatic necrosis, radiological and endoscopic decompression should not be attempted. | yes |
7,921,376 | Does ginkgo biloba extract ( EGb 761 ) improve postischemic function in isolated preconditioned working rat hearts? | {
"contexts": [
"We studied the effect of preconditioning and Gikgo biloba extract (EGb 761) in relation to the recovery of contractile function after global ischemia in the isolated working rat heart.",
"Hearts (n = 12 in each group) were randomly divided into five groups: In group I, hearts were subjected t... | We have demonstrated that EGb 761 can improve contractile function after global ischemia in the isolated working rat heart by reducing the formation of oxygen free radicals, and we have shown that this protection is additive to that of ischemia-induced preconditioning. | yes |
7,930,286 | Is vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise accelerated in athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise was assessed in patients with chronic heart failure and in well trained athletes by analyzing the postexercise heart rate decay.",
"Vagal reactivation is an important cardiac deceleration mechanism after exercise. However, alterations of thi... | The T30 value could be a specific index for vagally mediated heart rate recovery. Vagally mediated heart rate recovery after exercise is accelerated in well trained athletes but blunted in patients with chronic heart failure. | yes |
7,924,783 | Is metabolic control altered when using indwelling catheters for insulin injections? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if the use of indwelling catheters for insulin injections affects the long- and short-term metabolic control of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).",
"Sixteen children and adolescents 9-20 years of age were included in a randomized 10-week crossover study using indwelling... | The long- and short-term metabolic control of IDDM was not altered by the use of indwelling catheters for insulin injections. Insuflon can be offered as an alternative to patients with IDDM who find regular injections uncomfortable. | no |
7,928,468 | Is caffeine consumption associated with decreased severe late toxicity after radiation to the pelvis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have suggested that pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine, can prevent or ameliorate late radiation injury in animals and humans. Caffeine is a commonly consumed methylxanthine that provides a model for evaluating the impact of this category of drugs on radiation injury. A retrospective... | This investigation is supportive of previous studies showing a radioprotective effect for pentoxifylline, and suggests that the mechanisms of radioprotection may be common to methylxanthines as a drug class. | yes |
7,928,463 | Does fludarabine improve the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy in mouse tumors after single-dose irradiation? | {
"contexts": [
"Fludarabine, an adenine nucleoside analogue, and an effective inhibitor of chromosome repair, was previously shown to synergistically enhance radiation-induced regrowth delay in three murine tumors. The purpose of this study was to assess whether fludarabine can increase the therapeutic ratio of ... | The data presented here demonstrate that fludarabine can potentiate local tumor control induced by single-dose irradiation. While jejunum sensitization limited the relative effectiveness when fludarabine was administered 3 h before irradiation, a therapeutic ratio greater than one was always achieved when fludarabine w... | yes |
7,944,939 | Does exocrine hyperstimulation but not pancreatic duct obstruction increase the susceptibility to alcohol-related pancreatic injury? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the factors thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis associated with alcohol.",
"The mechanism of alcohol-induced pancreatitis is believed to involve synergistic effects of various pathogenetic factors. The present study was designed to evaluate the possibl... | Our findings suggest that the pathogenesis of acute alcoholic pancreatitis may require a state of exocrine hyperstimulation, perhaps via cholecystokinin, but do not support a role for constriction or obstruction of Oddi's sphincter. | yes |
7,946,101 | Are immunologic marker paths for seroconversion : single determinations of immunoglobulin A and beta 2-microglobulin adequate to estimate time of HIV infection . Multicohort Analysis Project Workshop . Part II? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the usefulness of single determinations of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) A and beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) levels in estimating the time from HIV seroconversion.",
"Five cohorts were represented in the workshop. The Multicohort Analysis Project (MAP) workshop database comprised ... | Further study of how serum IgA reflects HIV infection and careful clinical and statistical assessment of reduced beta 2M from 5 or 6 years after HIV infection are needed. The dependence of marker paths on mode of HIV transmission suggests that sexual transmission may have implications for HIV disease progression. The f... | no |
7,940,194 | Is expression of p53 protein in gastric carcinomas independently prognostic? | {
"contexts": [
"Biologic significance of p53 protein expression in gastric carcinomas is unclear. The relationship between p53 expression and survival after curative operations for gastric carcinoma was evaluated.",
"Paraffin-embedded specimens from 135 patients who underwent curative resection of gastric ca... | Our results suggest that p53 expression did not correlate with the aggressiveness of gastric carcinomas and failed to be an independent predictor of outcome. | no |
7,923,693 | Does an angiotensin II receptor antagonist reduce myocardial damage in an animal model of myocarditis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor was shown to have a beneficial effect on virus-induced myocardial injury. We investigated the effect of a new angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, (+-)-1-(cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy)ethyl 2-ethoxy-1-([2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]meth... | This study suggests that angiotensin II plays an important pathophysiological role in viral myocarditis. Treatment with TCV-116, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, had a cardioprotective effect. | yes |
7,926,527 | Does the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole inhibit acid survival of Helicobacter pylori by a urease-independent mechanism? | {
"contexts": [
"Omeprazole, a benzimidazole proton pump inhibitor, has an antibacterial effect against Helicobacter pylori at neutral pH and inhibits its urease activity. The aim of this study was to characterize H. pylori acid resistance and to determine whether omeprazole effects its survival at low pH.",
... | Whereas survival of H. pylori below pH 4 is urease dependent, H. pylori uses non-urease-mediated mechanisms at or above pH 4. Omeprazole inhibits the survival of H. pylori at low pH through a mechanism independent of its effect on urease, an antibacterial effect that extends to other enteric bacteria. | yes |
7,930,244 | Is long-term histologic patency after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty predicted by the creation of a greater lumen area? | {
"contexts": [
"This study assessed the relation between histologic acute and long-term lumen size after coronary angioplasty.",
"Angiographic studies suggest that the creation of a larger acute lumen is associated with a reduced incidence of restenosis. Histologic evaluation of the influence of the acute lu... | Neointimal proliferation after angioplasty occurs in all dilated coronary arteries, and the amount of neointimal growth is independent of vessel size. The creation of a larger lumen and a larger lumen as a percent of vessel size were associated with an improved long-term histologic patency. | yes |
7,933,985 | Are early region 3-replacement adenovirus recombinants less pathogenic in cotton rats and mice than early region 3-deleted viruses? | {
"contexts": [
"Adenovirus type-5 (Ad5) recombinant viruses with replacement of the 1.9 kb XbaI fragment in the early region 3 (E3) by foreign genes have been constructed with the ultimate goal of inducing immune responses to the product of the inserted gene against a variety of virus infections. The pathogenici... | These data not only confirm that E3-deleted viruses induce more severe pathologic changes in cotton rat lungs than Wt-Ad viruses (Ginsberg et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1989;86:3823-7) but led to the observation that some E3 replacement recombinants also lacking the expression of the 19 and 14.7 kilodalton proteins ar... | yes |
7,934,006 | Is a missense mutation in the beta myosin heavy chain gene a predictor of premature sudden death in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM) is an autosomal dominant disease with protean clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to that of severe heart failure or sudden death. There is no known parameter in individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) that predicts a specific ... | The missense mutation in exon 13 of the beta MHC gene in individuals with FHCM is associated with high penetrance, highly variable expressivity, severe disease, early in onset and a high incidence of premature sudden death. Based on these results we recommend individuals from families with HCM be screened for this miss... | yes |
7,921,089 | Does gowning affect colonization or infection rates in a neonatal intensive care unit? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effect of gowning in a neonatal intensive care unit on colonization patterns, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory syncytial virus and other infections, mortality, and traffic and handwashing patterns.",
"Alternate 2-month gowning and no-gowning cycles were established in a 24-... | Gowning in the neonatal intensive care unit is an unnecessary custom without benefit in neonatal colonization, infection rates, mortality, traffic patterns, and handwashing behavior. | no |
7,930,277 | Does endothelium-dependent dilation in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic subjects relate to coronary risk factors and their interaction? | {
"contexts": [
"This study attempted to assess whether coronary risk factors are associated with endothelial dysfunction in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic men and women.",
"Endothelial dysfunction is present in adults with established atherosclerosis. It is not known whether risk factors interact to p... | Loss of endothelium-dependent dilation in the systemic arteries occurs in the preclinical phase of vascular disease and is associated with interaction of the same risk factors known to predispose to atherosclerosis and its complications in later life. | yes |
7,950,292 | Does transfusion results of cytapheresis platelet concentrate stored in two different polyolefin containers for five days? | {
"contexts": [
"Two different types of polyolefin storage containers were compared in order to estimate their ability to preserve apheresis platelet concentrates for 5 days.",
"Ten pairs each consisting of one patient with thrombocytopenia following chemotherapy and one healthy platelet apheresis donor were ... | Single-donor apheresis concentrates with a large platelet content may be stored in the new LE-2 polyolefin container for up to 5 days and used in clinical transfusion. | yes |
7,931,479 | Is vinorelbine an active antiproliferative agent in pretreated advanced breast cancer patients : a phase II study? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of single-agent vinorelbine (VNB), a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid, in patients with breast cancer previously treated with other chemotherapeutic regimens for metastatic disease.",
"Sixty-seven of 70 patients with assessable disease entered onto the study ... | This study shows that VNB is an effective and well-tolerated agent in pretreated patients with advanced breast cancer. This drug does not seem to present cross-resistance with previous CMF or anthracycline regimens. Future clinical trials should be designed to prove whether the inclusion of VNB in combination chemother... | yes |
7,926,090 | Do subtle tubal abnormalities adversely affect gamete intrafallopian transfer outcome in women with endometriosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate prospectively the impact of subtle tubal disorders on GIFT pregnancy rates in women with pelvic endometriosis.",
"A prospective comparison of pregnancy rates in different stages of endometriosis while controlling for the presence of tubal abnormalities.",
"A total of 146 patie... | The extent of tubal abnormalities rather than the stage of endometriosis seems to be an important prognostic factor in determining GIFT pregnancy rates. Couples should be counseled accordingly and accurate prognostic parameters should be explained before enrollment in a GIFT program. | yes |
7,926,095 | Is fertilization efficiency of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa in assisted reproduction further impaired by antisperm antibodies on the male partner 's sperm? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the influence of antisperm antibodies on the sperm surface on the outcome of IVF and GIFT.",
"Matched controlled retrospective review of two large series.",
"Reproductive endocrine divisions of two level-three academic centers.",
"Twenty-nine male factor patients (38 IV... | The presence of antisperm antibodies on the sperm surface per se impairs the outcome of assisted reproduction, mainly in terms of fertilization rate of preovulatory oocytes, and possibly in terms of total and term PRs. This holds true regardless of the impact of other semen parameters, particularly the morphology of th... | yes |
7,926,111 | Do elevated serum progesterone levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration predict outcome in assisted reproduction cycles? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if the level of serum P drawn on the day of hCG administration predicts assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcome in patients undergoing stimulation with hMG under GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) suppression.",
"Retrospective P assay of stored serum.",
"One hundred seventy-one pat... | Serum P levels before hCG administration do not predict the outcome of ART cycles in patients suppressed with GnRH-a before hMG stimulation. Lower fertilization rates observed in the high P cycles did not have an effect on clinical outcome. | no |
7,926,118 | Is the hemizona assay of good prognostic value for the ability of sperm to fertilize oocytes in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the prognostic value of hemizona assay (HZA) in predicting the success of IVF.",
"Samples from 133 patients, who were referred for semen evaluation, were tested by HZA. Thirty samples were tested twice to assess interassay variation. Seventy couples were also referred for IVF. Resul... | The HZA is a valuable prognostic test for IVF. With a threshold HZI of 23%, it has a good predictive value for fertilization rates in IVF, and may thus be used for patient preselection before IVF. | yes |
7,926,469 | Is wilson 's disease gene homologous to hts causing abnormal copper transport in Long-Evans cinnamon rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) mutant rat shows an excess copper accumulation in the liver and low serum ceruloplasmin activity. The disorder is controlled by a single autosomal recessive gene designated as hts. Wilson's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism characterized... | hts is likely to correspond to a rat homologue of the Wilson's disease gene. The present results allow us to propose that the LEC rat is an ideal animal model for Wilson's disease. | yes |
7,926,461 | Is excess iron into hepatocytes required for activation of collagen type I gene during experimental siderosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis represent common pathological findings in humans with iron overload. This study was undertaken to assess whether in vivo targeting of iron to liver parenchymal or nonparenchymal cells would differently affect collagen gene activity.",
"Rats were treated with an ir... | The results of this study indicate that, regardless of the total hepatic iron burden, selective localization of iron into liver cells (i.e., parenchymal cells) is required for the activation of collagen gene during long-term iron overload in rodents. | yes |
7,930,267 | Does chronically decreased aortic distensibility cause deterioration of coronary perfusion during increased left ventricular contraction? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated the long-term effects of decreased aortic distensibility on the heart in relation to coronary perfusion.",
"Aortic distensibility is decreased in patients with atherosclerosis and hypertension and in the elderly. However, the effect of a long-term decrease in aortic di... | These results demonstrate that during increased ventricular contraction, chronically decreased aortic distensibility contributes to a further decrease in the coronary flow reserve ratio, impairs endocardial blood flow and may induce subendocardial ischemia even in the absence of coronary artery stenosis. | yes |
7,923,290 | Does phentolamine block ATP sensitive potassium channels in cardiac ventricular cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The alpha adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine prevents ischaemia related arrhythmias in rat, guinea pig, and cat heart. This effect has been related to the attenuation of ischaemia induced shortening of the action potential and has been ascribed to its alpha adrenoceptor antagonist properties. T... | Phentolamine blocks ATP sensitive potassium channels in rabbit ventricular cells independently of the alpha adrenoceptor. This blocking effect probably occurs at the intracellular side of the membrane. The antiarrhythmic effect of phentolamine may at least partially be explained by blockade of KATP channels and may thu... | yes |
7,923,297 | Are aTP sensitive potassium channels involved in adenosine A2 receptor mediated coronary vasodilatation in the dog? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to determine a role of ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in adenosine A2 receptor mediated coronary vasodilatation in anaesthetised dogs in vivo.",
"Coronary blood flow in the left circumflex coronary artery, aortic pressure, and left ventricular pressure were measured durin... | Opening of KATP channels may be involved importantly in adenosine A2 receptor mediated coronary vasodilatation in canine hearts. | yes |
7,923,287 | Do intracellular acidification and ADP enhance nicorandil induction of ATP sensitive potassium channel current in cardiomyocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Potassium channel openers target ATP sensitive potassium (KATP) channels, and might be beneficial in the treatment of ischaemic cardiac conditions. Ischaemia is associated with an increase in the concentrations of intracellular nucleoside diphosphates and protons, two regulators of KATP channels.... | Nicorandil may activate KATP channel current more effectively in conditions associated with a change in intracellular proton and ADP concentrations such as cardiac ischaemia. | yes |
7,944,659 | Is laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication an effective treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The open Nissen fundoplication is effective therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease. In this study, the outcomes in 198 patients treated with the laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication was evaluated for up to 32 months after surgery to ascertain whether similar positive results could be obtained.... | The laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication can be carried out safely and effectively with similar positive results to the open procedure and with all of the advantages of the minimally invasive approach. | yes |
7,943,660 | Is hepatic phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase activity decreased by ethanol and increased by phosphatidylcholine? | {
"contexts": [
"Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase participates in the synthesis of membrane phosphatidylcholine. Its activity was reported to be decreased in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, but it is not known whether this is a consequence of the cirrhosis or precedes it. This question was studied ... | 1. Alcohol consumption diminishes phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase activity prior to the development of cirrhosis and decreases the hepatic content of its product, namely phosphatidylcholine, a key component of cell membranes. This may promote hepatic injury and possibly trigger fibrosis. 2. Phosphatidylcho... | yes |
7,949,498 | Does close clinical observation minimize the complications of beta-blocker withdrawal? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether beta-blocker withdrawal under close medical supervision poses undue risks.",
"Retrospective case review. Data extracted from previous study.",
"114 hypertensive subjects tapered from beta-blocker therapy. Subjects were a subset of patients originally studied for blood... | In well-screened patients under careful monitoring, withdrawal from beta-blockers appears to present a small, manageable risk. | yes |
7,922,352 | Is activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase required for PDGF-stimulated membrane ruffling? | {
"contexts": [
"There is substantial evidence that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) is a critical component of signalling pathways used by the cell-surface receptors for a variety of mammalian growth factors and other hormones. The physiological product of this enzyme is a highly polar membrane lipid call... | These results argue strongly that phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate synthesis is required for growth-factor-stimulated membrane ruffling in porcine aortic endothelial cells, and suggest that synthesis of this lipid may be part of a signalling pathway leading to direct or indirect activation of the small GTP-bi... | yes |
7,926,082 | Does ovarian suppression reduce clinical and endocrine expression of late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effectiveness of GnRH-agonist (GnRH-a) treatment in women with late onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia.",
"Prospective assessment of GnRH-a treatment in six women with documented late-on-set congenital adrenal hyperplasia who were not preselected. Comparisons were made to p... | Suppression of the ovary with GnRH-a treatment was beneficial in these patients with late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia. An ovarian influence on the clinical and biochemical findings of the disorder is suggested. | yes |
7,930,338 | Does physiological factors associated with fall in older community-dwelling women? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the prevalence of impaired vision, peripheral sensation, lower limb muscle strength, reaction time, and balance in a large community-dwelling population of women aged 65 years and over, and to determine whether impaired performances in these tests are associated with falls.",
"On... | These findings support previous results conducted in retirement village and institutional setting and indicate that the test procedure aids in the identification of older community-dwelling women at risk of falls. | yes |
7,930,275 | Do coronary angiographic findings predict clinical outcome in patients with unstable angina? | {
"contexts": [
"The presence of thrombus formation and type of coronary artery lesion were determined in patients with unstable angina and correlated with the angiographic findings and clinical outcome.",
"Some previous studies have suggested that thrombus formation and lesions are predictive of the angiogra... | In this selected group of patients with unstable angina, type of coronary artery lesion and the presence or absence of thrombus formation does not predict clinical outcome. | no |
7,948,356 | Is there no need for nasogastric decompression after partial gastrectomy with extensive lymphadenectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"To find out if routine nasogastric tube decompression is necessary after radical gastrectomy with systematic extensive lymphadenectomy in patients with gastric cancer.",
"Prospective randomised trial.",
"Surgical Department, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan.",
"74 patients w... | Routine postoperative nasogastric decompression is unnecessary after radical gastrectomy even in the presence of gastric outlet obstruction. | yes |
7,922,326 | Does microinjected profilin affect cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells by rapidly depolymerizing actin microfilaments? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytoplasmic streaming is a conspicuous feature of plant cell behaviour, in which organelles and vesicles shuttle along cytoplasmic strands that contain actin filaments. The mechanisms that regulate streaming and the formation of actin filament networks are largely unknown, but in all likelihood i... | Profilin can act as a potent regulator of actin organization in living plant cells. Its rapid effect on the integrity of cytoplasmic strands and cytoplasmic streaming supports a model in which organelle movements depend upon microfilaments that exist in dynamic equilibrium with the pool of monomeric actin. | yes |
7,922,322 | Does antigen-receptor cross-linking induce peritoneal B-cell apoptosis in normal but not autoimmunity-prone mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Programmed cell death (apoptosis) is an essential process in the development of various tissues and seems to be involved in the elimination of self-reactive immature T and B lymphocytes when they interact with self antigens. Indeed, signaling through the antigen receptor of immature T cells induc... | Self-reactive B cells are eliminated by the binding of antigen at both mature and immature stages. B-cell activation appears to require, in addition to antigen binding, a second signal that induces expression of rescue molecules such as the bcl-2 gene product. Resistance to B-cell apoptosis induced by antigen receptor ... | yes |
7,931,452 | Does thermoregulatory vasoconstriction increase the difference between femoral and radial arterial pressures? | {
"contexts": [
"Thermoregulatory vasoconstriction locally increases arterial wall tension and arteriolar resistance, thereby altering physical properties of the arteries. The arterial pressure waveform is an oscillatory phenomenon related to those physical characteristics; accordingly, we studied the effects of ... | Thermoregulatory vasoconstriction alters radial arterial pressure waveform, artifactually increasing its peak systolic pressure compared with the femoral artery. Poor dynamic responses of recording systems further distort the waveforms. Consequently, radial artery pressure may be misleading in vasoconstricted patients. | yes |
7,931,456 | Does measurement of user performance and attitudes assist the initial design of a computer user display and orientation method? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of our study was to assess the acceptability of a proposed user interface to visually interfaced computer-assisted anesthesia record (VISI-CAARE), before the application was begun. The user interface was defined as the user display and its user orientation methods.",
"We designe... | With graphic user interface prototyping environments, one can obtain preliminary user attitude and performance data, even before application programming is begun. This may be helpful in revising initial display and orientation methods, while obtaining user interest and commitment before actual programming and clinical ... | yes |
7,926,490 | Does microflora modulate endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa of the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastrointestinal peptides and biogenic monoamines participate in the regulation of gastrointestinal functions. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the microflora on the distribution of endocrine cells and on the release of gastrointestinal peptides.",
"A quantitative morphol... | Our findings suggest that the intraluminal microflora influences the release of biologically active peptides and that it participates in the regulation of gastrointestinal endocrine cells and the epithelial structure. | yes |
7,949,501 | Is mathematical examination of dual individualization principles ( II ) : The rate of bacterial eradication at the same area under the inhibitory curve more rapid for ciprofloxacin than for cefmenoxime? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare two antibiotics at equal ranges of area under the inhibitory curve (AUIC) exposure to determine if the rate of bacterial eradication differed between these antibiotics.",
"Retrospective comparison of two previously collected studies of similar patients with nosocomial pneumonia.",
... | We conclude that the more rapid in vitro bacterial killing, which is characteristic of ciprofloxacin at optimal AUIC values, can manifest in vivo as more rapid clearance of bacteria from the respiratory tract of patients, even when both agents are controlled for initial antibacterial exposure (i.e., same AUIC). | yes |
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