pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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18,418,656 | Does diabetes mellitus affect response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Although diabetic patients with rectal cancer have poorer outcomes than their nondiabetic counterparts, few studies have looked at diabetics' response to therapy as an explanation for this disparity. This study compares the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) response in diabetic and nondiabetic ... | Our study shows that neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer is less effective in diabetic patients than in nondiabetics. While minimal differences are found in the rate of downstaging, the rate of achieving a complete pathologic response was significantly higher in nondiabetic patients, and in fact was not seen... | yes |
18,419,805 | Does the small molecule Mek1/2 inhibitor U0126 disrupt the chordamesoderm to notochord transition in zebrafish? | {
"contexts": [
"Key molecules involved in notochord differentiation and function have been identified through genetic analysis in zebrafish and mice, but MEK1 and 2 have so far not been implicated in this process due to early lethality (Mek1-/-) and functional redundancy (Mek2-/-) in the knockout animals.",
... | Using the small chemical U0126, we have established a novel link between MAPK-signaling and notochord differentiation. Our phenotypic analysis suggests a potential connection between the MAPK-pathway, the COPI-mediated intracellular transport and/or the copper-dependent posttranslational regulatory processes during not... | yes |
18,414,713 | Is the burden of hepatitis C virus infection growing : a Canadian population-based study of hospitalizations from 1994 to 2004? | {
"contexts": [
"Nearly 1% of Canadians are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Simulation analyses have suggested that HCV will place an increasing burden on the health care system as the infected population ages, but supportive clinical data are limited.",
"To study temporal trends in HCV-related hos... | The present studies' findings confirm the growing burden of HCV on the Canadian health care system. Strategies to prevent HCV infection and maximize the dissemination and most effective use of potentially curative antiviral therapies are necessary to reduce these trends. | yes |
18,437,586 | Does human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression correlate with vascular endothelial growth factor-promoted tumor cell proliferation in prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the correlation between the expressions of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and to determine if hTERT was correlated with VEGF-promoted tumor cell proliferat... | All experiences above indicate that hTERT was one of the important proteins in the proliferation-promoting effect of VEGF on tumor cells in PCa. | yes |
18,437,587 | Is hypoxic cell death reduced by pH buffering in a model of engineered heart tissue? | {
"contexts": [
"In this report, we tested the ability of HEPES-buffered culture medium to reduce acidotic cell death in hypoxic monolayer cell cultures and in a diffusion-limited model of engineered heart tissue (EHT).",
"Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were either plated (monolayers) or suspended in a hydrogel ... | Effective pH buffering reduces cell death by attenuating the acidosis that accompanies anaerobic metabolism. | yes |
18,438,115 | Is sustained weight loss after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass characterized by down regulation of endocannabinoids and mitochondrial function? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the physiologic importance of endocannabinoids and mitochondrial function in the long-term outcome using a rat model of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery.",
"Sixteen million people are morbidly obese and RYGB surgery is the most effective treatment. Endocannabinoids are imp... | The attenuated caloric intake, reduced food efficiency, and normalization of hormonal levels on day 28 post-RYGB were associated with significant down-regulation of endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in muscle and liver, respectively. These results suggest a role for endocannabinoids in the mechanis... | yes |
18,410,995 | Is molecular evidence demonstrating local treatment failure the source of distant metastases in some patients treated for breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the clonality relationships among initial invasive breast carcinoma (IBC), ipsilateral breast failure (IBF), and distant metastasis (DM) to determine the effect of local tumor recurrence on the development of DMs.",
"A total of 18 patients treated with breast-conserving therapy who... | These findings provide molecular evidence demonstrating that some DMs can directly develop from IBFs and support the importance of local tumor control in the overall treatment of breast cancer patients. | yes |
18,431,128 | Is experience enough : repeated breaches in epidural anesthesia aseptic technique by novice operators despite improved skill? | {
"contexts": [
"Invasive procedures such as epidural anesthesia carry risks for complications such as erroneous placement arising from inadequate manual skills and infection secondary to breaches in aseptic technique. Although it is assumed that improvement in aseptic technique parallels improved dexterity, this... | Manual skills for invasive procedures improved with increasing experience, but aseptic technique did not, despite formal teaching. These findings reflect major gaps in the understanding and teaching of the principles of aseptic technique, most likely due to lack of structured training. Educational initiatives are neede... | no |
18,423,036 | Are parents ' concerns about children highly prevalent but often not confirmed by child doctors and nurses? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence in the general population of parents' concerns about the development of their child, to identify groups at risk and to assess the association between parents' concerns and professional judgement.",
"We obtained cross-sectional data on a Dutch... | A very large proportion of parents of young children have concerns regarding their child, but agreement on these concerns with child health professionals is relatively low. | yes |
18,423,030 | Do expanded risk groups help determine which prostate radiotherapy sub-group may benefit from adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether an expanded (five level) risk stratification system can be used to identify the sub-group of intermediate risk patients with prostate cancer who benefit from combining androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).",
"Using a previously validated ... | There appears to be no advantage to ADT where the Gleason score is 6 or less and PSA is 15 or less. ADT is beneficial in patients treated to standard dose radiation with Gleason 6 disease and a PSA greater than 15 or where the Gleason score is 7 or higher. | yes |
18,423,033 | Is survival time in severe hemorrhagic shock after perioperative hemodilution longer with PEG-conjugated human serum albumin than with HES 130/0.4 : a microvascular perspective? | {
"contexts": [
"Preoperative hemodilution is an established practice that is applied to reduce surgical blood loss. It has been proposed that polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface decorated proteins such as PEG-conjugated human serum albumin may be used as non-oxygen-carrying plasma expanders. The purpose of this st... | The ability of PEG-albumin to prolong maintenance of microvascular function better than HES is a finding that would be significant in a clinical setting involving preoperative blood management and extreme blood loss. | yes |
18,434,903 | Do n-acetylcysteine and fenoldopam protect the renal function of patients with chronic renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether fenoldopam and N-acetylcysteine prevent renal deterioration and improve hospital outcome for patients with chronic renal insufficiency undergoing cardiac surgery.",
"Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.",
"A community hospital that is a c... | Perioperative fenoldopam and N-acetylcysteine abrogate the early postoperative decline in renal function of patients who have chronic renal insufficiency, although these agents do not affect other parameters of cardiac surgical outcome. | yes |
18,434,905 | Does the lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor-alpha improve alveolar fluid balance in injured isolated rabbit lungs? | {
"contexts": [
"Identification of mechanisms that preserve optimal alveolar fluid balance during pulmonary edema is of great clinical importance. This study was performed to determine whether the lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (designated TIP) can improve fluid balance in experimental lung inj... | Aerosolized TIP improved alveolar fluid balance by both reducing vascular permeability and enhancing the absorption of excess alveolar fluid in experimental lung injury. These data may suggest a role for TIP as a potential therapeutic agent in pulmonary edema. | yes |
18,428,010 | Do uK adults exhibit higher step counts in summer compared to winter months? | {
"contexts": [
"Seasonal differences in step counts have been observed in a limited number of studies conducted on US adults. Due to the diverse global climate, assessment and interpretation of seasonal patterns in ambulatory activity may vary between countries, and regionally specific studies are necessary to u... | Step counts in the sample of UK adults surveyed decreased significantly in the winter compared to the summer, suggesting future pedometer surveillance studies should capture step counts throughout the year for a non-biased reflection of habitual ambulatory activity. Public health initiatives should target these seasona... | yes |
18,422,032 | Does novel mutation in cytochrome P450c17 cause complete combined 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17) has two principal enzyme activities, 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase, which are required for cortisol and androgen biosynthesis, respectively. Mutations in the gene encoding for CYP17 result in 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD), a rare form of congenital adrena... | This patient is a compound heterozygote for nonsense mutations in the CYP17 gene, which confirms the diagnosis of 17OHD. | yes |
18,439,270 | Do superoxide dismutase A antigens derived from molecular analysis of sarcoidosis granulomas elicit systemic Th-1 immune responses? | {
"contexts": [
"Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic granulomatous disease with pathologic and immunologic features similar to tuberculosis. Routine histologic staining and culture fail to identify infectious agents. An alternative means for investigating a role of infectious agents in human pathogenesis involves molecu... | Dual molecular and immunologic analysis increases the ability to find infectious antigens. The detection of Th-1 immune responses to sodA peptides derived from molecular analysis of sarcoidosis granulomas reveals that these are among the target antigens contributing to sarcoidosis granulomatous inflammation. | yes |
18,431,237 | Does dearterialization of the liver cause intrahepatic cholestasis due to reduced bile transporter expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Bile duct injury after hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) in liver transplantation is believed to be caused by ischemia predominantly. We aimed to define the involvement of bile secretory dysfunction in the pathogenesis of liver injury after HAT.",
"In a murine model, the main hepatic artery, th... | This study indicates that arterial blood supply is critical for normal bile secretion. Bile duct injury after complete arterial deprivation is preceded by a loss of bile secretory function and subsequent intrahepatic cholestasis. | yes |
18,439,427 | Does the hepatic vagus nerve attenuate Fas-induced apoptosis in the mouse liver via alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor? | {
"contexts": [
"Although accumulating evidence has recently shown that the efferent vagus nerve attenuates systemic inflammation, it remains unclear whether or not the vagus nerve can affect Fas-induced liver apoptosis. We investigated the effect of the vagus nerve by using a selective hepatic vagotomy.",
"W... | The hepatic vagus nerve appears to play an important role in attenuating Fas-induced hepatocyte apoptosis through alpha7 nicotinic AChR, perhaps by causing the Kupffer cells to reduce their generation of an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species. | yes |
18,435,714 | Does the anti-inflammatory effect of celecoxib prevent liver fibrosis in bile duct-ligated rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Celecoxib was used in the treatment of inflammation in patients with cirrhosis. However, data on the progression of liver fibrosis after treatment by celecoxib are not available. This study aims to elucidate the effects of celecoxib on cholestatic liver fibrosis in rats.",
"Rats underwent bil... | The present study provides morphological and molecular biological evidences for the role of celecoxib in cholestatic liver fibrosis. Celecoxib protects against hepatic inflammation in the early stage of BDL rats, but does not have an effect on liver fibrosis. | no |
18,431,346 | Is protective effect of pyridoxal-5-phosphate ( MC-1 ) on perioperative myocardial infarction independent of aortic cross clamp time : results from the MEND-CABG trial? | {
"contexts": [
"Aortic cross-clamp time remains a significant marker of mortality and morbidity after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Pyridoxal-5-phosphate (MC-1), blocking purinergic receptors and intracellular influx of calcium, was shown to decrease the incidence of perioperative myocardial infar... | MC-1 decreased the incidence of CV death and MI (CK-MB >or=100 ng/mL) during the first 90 days after CABG in the MEND-CABG trial. Although longer aortic clamping time increased the risk of cardiovascular events, the protective effect of MC-1 was independent of ischemic time during CABG. | yes |
18,431,270 | Does endotoxin increase plasma leptin and ghrelin levels in dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluations of plasma leptin and ghrelin levels and their relations with circulating levels of proinflammatory mediators, stress hormones, and biochemical markers of hepatorenal injury during experimental endotoxemia in dogs.",
"Uludag University.",
"Placebo-controlled animal study.",
... | Circulating leptin and ghrelin levels increase during endotoxemia, and these increases are associated with elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators, stress hormones, and serum biochemical markers for hepatorenal dysfunction. | yes |
18,432,314 | Does a novel splice-site mutation of TULP1 underlie severe early-onset retinitis pigmentosa in a consanguineous Israeli Muslim Arab family? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the genetic basis for autosomal recessive severe early-onset retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in a consanguineous Israeli Muslim Arab family.",
"Haplotype analysis for all known genes underlying autosomal recessive RP was performed. Mutation screening of the underlying gene was done b... | To date, 22 distinct pathogenic mutations of TULP1 have been reported in patients with early-onset RP or Leber congenital amaurosis. Here we report a novel splice-site mutation of TULP1, c.1495+2_1495+3insT, underlying autosomal recessive early-onset RP in a consanguineous Israeli Muslim Arab family. This report expand... | yes |
18,432,315 | Do cone and rod cells have different target preferences in vitro as revealed by optical tweezers? | {
"contexts": [
"When neural circuits are damaged in adulthood, regenerating and sprouting processes must distinguish appropriate targets to recreate the normal circuitry. We tested the ability of adult nerve cells to target specific cells in culture using the retina as a model system.",
"Under sterile cultur... | Cone cells preferred normal partners, and rod cells preferred novel partners. These intrinsic preferences indicate that adult nerve cells can have differing capacities for targeting even if they come from the same cell class. Further,these differences may help explain the patterns of photoreceptor sprouting seen in ret... | yes |
18,419,830 | Are stem-cell-abundant proteins Nanog , Nucleostemin and Musashi1 highly expressed in malignant cervical epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Nanog, nucleostemin (NS) and musashi1 (Msi1) are proteins that are highly expressed in undifferentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells and have been shown to be essential in maintaining the pluripotency and regulating the proliferation and asymmetric division of ES cells and several nervous system tum... | Our findings indicate that Nanog, NS and Msi1 may be involved in carcinogenesis of the cervix and progression of cervical carcinoma. | yes |
18,413,430 | Do low circulating insulin-like growth factor I bioactivity in elderly men is associated with increased mortality? | {
"contexts": [
"Low IGF-I signaling activity prolongs lifespan in certain animal models, but the precise role of IGF-I in human survival remains controversial. The IGF-I kinase receptor activation assay is a novel method for measuring IGF-I bioactivity in human serum. We speculated that determination of circulat... | Our study suggests that a relatively high circulating IGF-I bioactivity in elderly men is associated with extended survival and with reduced cardiovascular risk. | yes |
18,420,862 | Does desflurane preconditioning inhibit endothelial nuclear factor-kappa-B activation by targeting the proximal end of tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Volatile anesthetics interfere with inflammatory cytokine production and expression of adhesion molecules which are critical for ischemia reperfusion induced injury. Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB has been reported to be suppressed in this process, but the detailed molecular mechanism is still unclea... | Our results suggest that the molecular target of desflurane in the NF-kappaB pathway is upstream of IKK activation. The abundance of TNF-R1 on the cell membrane is not affected by anesthetic preconditioning. We suggest that desflurane preconditioning targets the proximal end of TNF-alpha signaling. | yes |
18,419,828 | Does mucosal administration of alpha-fodrin inhibit experimental Sjögren 's syndrome autoimmunity? | {
"contexts": [
"alpha-Fodrin is an autoantigen in Sjögren's syndrome. We hypothesized that mucosal administration of alpha-fodrin might prevent the disease.",
"Four-week-old NOD mice were immunized (intranasal) with a 1 microg or 10 microg dose of alpha-fodrin every other day. PBS 10 microl/dose and Glutathi... | Mucosal administration of alpha-fodrin effectively inhibited the progression of experimental Sjögren's syndrome autoimmunity. | yes |
18,422,566 | Is thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with a high relapse rate after plasma exchange : a single-centre experience? | {
"contexts": [
"Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare condition characterized by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal and/or neurological dysfunction secondary to microvascular or macrovascular thrombosis. Despite advances in treatment, TTP remains a serious condition with s... | Our results indicate the need for better treatments to reduce the high early relapse rate and significant mortality associated with current therapy. | yes |
18,423,947 | Is beta-glycoglycosphingolipid-induced augmentation of the anti-HBV immune response associated with altered CD8 and NKT lymphocyte distribution : a novel adjuvant for HBV vaccination? | {
"contexts": [
"Non-responsiveness towards the currently used hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is a major problem in attempts to protect against HBV infection. Several methods have been tested to overcome the lack of an effective immune response towards HBV antigens. Adjuvants that augment the immunologic reactio... | In summary, beta-glycosphingolipids increased the anti-HBV immune response in association with an altered NKT and CD8 lymphocyte distribution, making beta-glycosphingolipids potential potent adjuvants for overcoming non-responsiveness to HBV vaccination and augmenting the anti-viral immune response. | yes |
18,436,572 | Is interleukin-10 gene polymorphism associated with alcoholism but not with alcoholic liver disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether the functional polymorphism -592C>A of the interleukin (IL)-10 gene (IL10) influences the development of alcoholic liver disease or alcoholism in alcoholic Spanish subjects.",
"The -592C>A IL10 polymorphism was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction and digestion with ... | The -592C>A IL10 polymorphism is not related to the risk of ALC. Nevertheless, our study shows that alcoholism is associated with an excess of allele A carriers in alcoholic patients. | yes |
18,410,317 | Do high prevalence of hearing disorders at the Special Olympics indicate need to screen persons with intellectual disability? | {
"contexts": [
"Persons with intellectual disabilities (ID) are at increased risk for hearing impairment which often remains undetected. If left untreated, such hearing impairments may worsen the social and communicative problems of these persons. The aims of this study are to determine the prevalence of hearing... | The screening reliably detects hearing disorders among persons with ID. The prevalence of hearing impairment in this population is considerably higher than in the general population, and the proportion of undetected hearing impairments is large, even among people with only mild and moderate ID, as examined in this stud... | yes |
18,427,357 | Does body size affect measures of ovarian reserve in late reproductive age women? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association between obesity and serum and ultrasound measures of ovarian reserve in late reproductive age women.",
"Cross-sectional study of 36 healthy women, ages 40 to 52 years. Women were recruited in a 1:1 ratio of normal weight (body mass index <25) to obese women (body ma... | Although antral follicle count did not differ by body size, antimullerian hormone was lower in obese compared with normal weight late reproductive age women. These data suggest that lower antimullerian hormone levels in obese late reproductive age women result from physiologic processes other than decreased ovarian res... | yes |
18,414,179 | Does patient gender affect skin cancer screening practices and attitudes among veterans? | {
"contexts": [
"Skin cancer screening (SCS) with a full body skin examination (FBSE) has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Little is known about gender differences with respect to SCS practices and attitudes between men and women.",
"Data from two previously published studies based on question... | We found low rates of SCS in both male and female veterans in different clinic settings at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Female veterans are less likely to report undergoing FBSE and more likely than male veterans to perform self-examination for skin cancer, to report embarrassment with FBSE, and refuse FBSE if th... | yes |
18,436,840 | Does c-reactive protein inhibit endothelium-dependent nitric oxide-mediated dilation of retinal arterioles via enhanced superoxide production? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a proinflammatory marker, are associated with systemic vascular disorders. In addition, clinical studies have implicated that elevated CRP is an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. However, the direct ... | CRP inhibits endothelium-dependent NO-mediated dilation in retinal arterioles by producing superoxide from NAD(P)H oxidase, which appears to be linked with p38 kinase and RhoA/Rho-kinase activation. By impairing endothelium-dependent NO-mediated vasoreactivity, CRP can potentially facilitate the development of retinal ... | yes |
18,438,340 | Does celecoxib inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic implantation tumor model of human colon cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of celecoxib on tumor growth and angiogenesis in an orthotopic implantation tumor model of colon cancer.",
"Human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice. Four groups of animals received different doses of celecoxib after tumor im... | By inhibiting COX-2, PGE(2) synthesis, and VEGF and MMP-2 mRNA expression in tumor tissue, celecoxib enhances tumor cell apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the growth and angiogenesis of orthotopically implanted tumors in a mouse model of human colorectal cancer. | yes |
18,430,355 | Do apical microleakage of primary teeth root canal filling materials? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro apical microleakage of root canal filling materials for primary teeth.",
"Fifty extracted primary anterior teeth were distributed into 6 groups: 4 experimental groups; 1 negative control group; and 1 positive control group. Zinc oxide and e... | All the resorbable root canal filling materials used in primary teeth showed apical leakage. The highest apical leakage was recorded for ZOE, while Vitapex showed minimum dye leakage. | yes |
18,440,281 | Is increased cell senescence associated with decreased cell proliferation in vivo in the degenerating human annulus? | {
"contexts": [
"During disc degeneration, there is a well-recognized loss of cells. This puts the remaining cell population at high risk for any further decrease in cell function or cell numbers. Cell senescence has recently been shown to be present in the aging/degenerating human disc. Senescent cell are viable... | Because senescent cells cannot divide, senescence may reduce the disc's ability to generate new cells to replace cells lost to necrosis or apoptosis. Senescent cells also accumulate in the disc over time, such that their metabolic patterns may contribute to the pathologic changes seen in degenerating discs. Novel data ... | yes |
18,434,764 | Are gABAergic mechanisms involved in the antihyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine in a rat model of inflammatory hyperalgesia? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of GABAergic mechanisms in the antihyperalgesic effect of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine by examining the effect of bicuculline (GABA(A) receptor antagonist) on these effects of antiepileptic drugs.",
"Rats were intraplantarly (i.p... | These results indicate that the antihyperalgesic effects of carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine against inflammatory hyperalgesia involve in part the GABAergic inhibitory modulation of pain transmission at central, but not at peripheral sites, which is mediated via GABA(A) receptor activation. | yes |
18,433,302 | Are mutations in the insulin-like factor 3 receptor associated with osteoporosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) is produced primarily by testicular Leydig cells. It acts by binding to its specific G protein-coupled receptor RXFP2 (relaxin family peptide 2) and is involved in testicular descent during fetal development. The physiological role of INSL3 in adults is not known, al... | This study suggests for the first time a role for INSL3/RXFP2 signaling in bone metabolism and links RXFP2 gene mutations with human osteoporosis. | yes |
18,433,301 | Does rANKL inhibition with osteoprotegerin increase bone strength by improving cortical and trabecular bone architecture in ovariectomized rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Ovariectomy (OVX) results in bone loss caused by increased bone resorption. RANKL is an essential mediator of bone resorption. We examined whether the RANKL inhibitor osteoprotegerin (OPG) would preserve bone volume, density, and strength in OVX rats.",
"Rats were OVX or sham-operated at 3 mo... | OPG treatment prevented bone loss, preserved trabecular architecture, and increased cortical area and bone strength in OVX rats. | yes |
18,415,759 | Is quality of life impaired in patients with peristomal bulging of a sigmoid colostomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Peristomal bulging caused by hernia or prolapse is common in patients with a sigmoidostomy. It is not known whether and to what extent peristomal bulging influences various daily activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of bulging by using a general and disease-specific h... | QoL evaluated with a general and disease-specific instrument (SHS) was significantly impaired in patients with bulging around a sigmoidostomy. The Stoma-QoL questionnaire showed a small but statistically significant difference between patients with and those without bulging but the clinical significance is uncertain. F... | yes |
18,433,678 | Does ultrasound guidance improve the success of sciatic nerve block at the popliteal fossa? | {
"contexts": [
"Real time ultrasound guidance is a recent development in the area of peripheral nerve blockade. There are limited data from prospective randomized trials comparing its efficacy to that of traditional nerve localization techniques. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that ultrasound gui... | Ultrasound guidance enhances the quality of popliteal sciatic nerve block compared with single injection, nerve stimulator-guided block using either a tibial or peroneal endpoint. Ultrasound guidance resulted in higher success, faster onset, and progression of sensorimotor block, without an increase in block procedure ... | yes |
18,433,021 | Is microRNA profiling in hepatocellular tumors associated with clinical features and oncogene/tumor suppressor gene mutations? | {
"contexts": [
"Molecular classifications defining new tumor subtypes have been recently refined with genetic and transcriptomic analyses of benign and malignant hepatocellular tumors. Here, we performed microRNA (miRNA) profiling in two series of fully annotated liver tumors to uncover associations between onco... | Hepatocellular tumors may have a distinct miRNA expression fingerprint according to malignancy, risk factors, and oncogene/tumor suppressor gene alterations. Dissecting these relationships provides a new hypothesis to understand the functional impact of miRNA deregulation in liver tumorigenesis and the promising use of... | yes |
18,423,025 | Is socio-economic status inversely related to bed net use in Gabon? | {
"contexts": [
"Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) range among the most effective measures of malaria prophylaxis, yet their implementation level in sub-Saharan Africa is still low. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of socio-economic factors on the use of bed nets by mothers in Gabon.",
... | Among the poorest families in Lambaréné the coverage with untreated nets (UTNs) is the highest, but the condition of these UTNs is the worst. To achieve a broad implementation of ITNs in Lambaréné, there is an urgent need for educational programmes as well as need-tailored marketing strategies for ITNs. | yes |
18,414,769 | Does dietary lipid intake influence the level of cholesterol bound to haemoglobin in human erythrocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Blood cholesterol levels are affected by diet and in particular by the type of fat intake. We originally showed that a significant but variable amount of cholesterol is firmly bound to haemoglobin (Hb) yielding the Hb-lipid adduct (Hb-Ch) in erythrocytes isolated from normo-lipidemic males.",
... | High consumption of dietary lipids, including saturated fat and cholesterol, has an important influence on the level of Hb-Ch in human erythrocytes. | yes |
18,434,915 | Do acute kidney injury criteria predict outcomes of critically ill patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The Acute Kidney Injury Network's proposed definition for acute kidney injury (increment of serum creatinine > or = 0.3 mg/dL or 50% from baseline within 48 hrs or urine output < 0.5 mL/kg/hr for > 6 hrs despite fluid resuscitation when applicable) predicts meaningful clinical outcomes.",
"Re... | The Acute Kidney Injury Network definition of acute kidney injury predicts hospital mortality, need for renal replacement therapy, and prolonged hospital stay in critically ill patients. An increment of serum creatinine > or = 0.3 mg/dL in 48 hrs alone predicts clinical outcomes as well as the full Acute Kidney Injury ... | yes |
18,421,008 | Does prokineticin receptor-1 induce neovascularization and epicardial-derived progenitor cell differentiation? | {
"contexts": [
"Identification of novel factors that contribute to myocardial repair and collateral vessel growth hold promise for treatment of heart diseases. We have shown that transient prokineticin receptor-1 (PKR1) gene transfer protects the heart against myocardial infarction in a mouse model. Here, we inv... | Cardiomyocyte-PKR1 signaling upregulates its own ligand prokineticin-2 that acts as a paracrine factor, triggering EPDCs proliferation/differentiation. This study provides a novel insight for possible therapeutic strategies aiming at restoring pluripotency of adult EPDCs to promote neovasculogenesis by induction of car... | yes |
18,416,727 | Does photo-induced hydrophilicity enhance initial cell behavior and early bone apposition? | {
"contexts": [
"The anatase form of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) exhibits photo-induced hydrophilicity when it is irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light. In the present study, the effect of photo-induced hydrophilicity on initial cell behavior and bone formation was evaluated.",
"Plasma source ion implantation ... | The photo-induced hydrophilic surface used in the current study improves the initial cell reactions and enhances early bone apposition to the implant. | yes |
18,439,284 | Is diabetic retinopathy associated with pulse wave velocity , not with the augmentation index of pulse waveform? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the clinical differences between pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in diabetic retinopathy.",
"The subjects were 201 patients with type 2 diabetes. These subjects were measured for both augmentation index (AI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) by a pulse w... | BaPWV is associated with diabetic retinopathy, but AI is not. The clinical significance appears to be different between PWV and AI in patients with diabetes. | yes |
18,413,456 | Are patient expectations always the same? | {
"contexts": [
"To validate a scale that measures patients' expectations when seeking advice for health problems of different types.",
"360 patients who had consulted their general practitioner (GP) during the previous 12 months were randomly selected from the lists of 30 GPs. A questionnaire, including a 13... | The factorial structure of expectations varied, indicating that expectations are not homogeneous in all clinical situations. The desire of the patient to participate in decision-making also differs according to the type of health problem. | no |
18,422,979 | Is alcohol dependence associated with reduced plasma and fundic ghrelin levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Conflicting data concerning the involvement of ghrelin in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence have been reported. The aim of this study is to investigate how chronic alcohol ingestion influences plasma ghrelin levels and whether potential changes observed in plasma relate to modifications i... | Alcoholism was associated with decreased plasma ghrelin levels partly due to reduced ghrelin production in the stomach. Alcohol affected ghrelin production on the post-transcriptional level in the fundus, whereas duodenal ghrelin secretion did not respond in a similar manner to alcohol intake. | yes |
18,424,364 | Does in vivo result for interstitial laser application in thyroid gland? | {
"contexts": [
"Aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of denaturation of hormone active tissue in the thyroid gland by laser induced interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) as a treatment of autonomous hyperthyroidism.",
"An interstitial thyroid laser application (Nd:YAG 1064 nm, 5W, 2 min) was performed... | Interstitial thyroid ablation using a Nd:YAG laser is a minimal invasive, safe and effective procedure. Further evaluation including long term follow-up in humans is needed to confirm these results. | yes |
18,440,400 | Do adult attachment and social support interact to reduce psychological but not cortisol responses to stress? | {
"contexts": [
"Adult attachment has been suggested to mediate the effect of social support on stress protection. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of adult attachment and social support on psychological and endocrine responses to psychosocial stress.",
"Sixty-three healthy men who wer... | This first study on the interaction of adult attachment and social support in terms of psychological and endocrine stress responses concurs with previous studies suggesting an important protective role of attachment for psychological stress responsiveness. However, attachment did not directly moderate cortisol response... | yes |
18,417,308 | Does traditional Chinese drug ShuXueTong facilitate angiogenesis during wound healing following traumatic brain injury? | {
"contexts": [
"ShuXueTong injection is a traditional Chinese drug designed to treat the patients of \"blood stasis and stagnation (yu xue yu zhi)\", including subacute brain trauma. However, the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of ShuXueTong on traumatic brain injury is unknown yet.",
"We hypothesized th... | The mechanism of the therapeutic effect of ShuXueTong on traumatic brain injury lies at least partly in the enhanced angiogenesis in the lesion. | yes |
18,434,375 | Do a distinct cohort of the TGFbeta superfamily members expressed in human endometrium regulate decidualization? | {
"contexts": [
"Successful blastocyst implantation requires the differentiation of human endometrial stromal cells (HESC), a process known as decidualization. Activin A, a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) superfamily member, enhances HESC decidualization and localizes to decidual cells in human endometr... | Like activin, BMP2 and TGFbeta1 are likely to be involved in HESC decidualization. This is the first study to identify and localize BMP4, BMP7, GDF5, GDF8 and GDF11 in secretory phase human endometrium. Understanding the factors critical for the implantation process is needed for improving fertility and pregnancy outco... | yes |
18,431,479 | Do truncated power laws reveal a link between low-level behavioral processes and grouping patterns in a colonial bird? | {
"contexts": [
"Departures from power law group size frequency distributions have been proposed as a useful tool to link individual behavior with population patterns and dynamics, although examples are scarce for wild animal populations.",
"We studied a population of Lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) breeding... | Appropriate analysis of the scaling properties of grouping patterns has unraveled the link between local agonistic processes and large-scale (population) grouping patterns in a wild bird population. | yes |
18,431,471 | Is antihypertensive drug guanabenz active in vivo against both yeast and mammalian prions? | {
"contexts": [
"Prion-based diseases are incurable transmissible neurodegenerative disorders affecting animals and humans.",
"Here we report the discovery of the in vivo antiprion activity of Guanabenz (GA), an agonist of alpha2-adrenergic receptors routinely used in human medicine as an antihypertensive dru... | GA thus adds to the short list of compounds active in vivo in animal models for the treatment of prion-based diseases. Because it has been administrated for many years to treat hypertension on a daily basis, without major side-effects, our results suggest that it could be evaluated in human as a potential treatment for... | yes |
18,431,477 | Do distinct haptic cues reduce interference when learning to reach in multiple force fields? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies of learning to adapt reaching movements in the presence of novel forces show that learning multiple force fields is prone to interference. Recently it has been suggested that force field learning may reflect learning to manipulate a novel object. Within this theoretical framework... | These results suggest that in the context of the present learning paradigm, haptic cues on their own are not sufficient to reduce interference and promote learning multiple force fields. | no |
18,431,474 | Do serum antibodies to Porphyromonas gingivalis chaperone HtpG predict health in periodontitis susceptible patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Chaperones are ubiquitous conserved proteins critical in stabilization of new proteins, repair/removal of defective proteins and immunodominant antigens in innate and adaptive immunity. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory infection associated with infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis t... | OUR RESULTS SUGGEST: 1) anti-P. gingivalis HtpG antibodies are protective and therefore predict health periodontitis-susceptable patients; 2) may augment the host defence to periodontitis and 3) a unique peptide of P. gingivalis HtpG offers significant potential as an effective diagnostic target and vaccine candidate. ... | yes |
18,433,459 | Is bothrops protease A , a unique highly glycosylated serine proteinase , a potent , specific fibrinogenolytic agent? | {
"contexts": [
"The hemostatic system is the major target of snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs) that act on substrates of the coagulation, fibrinolytic and kallikrein-kinin systems. Bothrops protease A (BPA), the most glycosylated SVSP, is a non-coagulant, thermostable enzyme. A cDNA encoding BPA showed that... | To the best of our knowledge, this investigation underscores a new, thermostable, specific defibrinogenating agent that may have an application in the prevention of thrombus formation. | yes |
18,433,455 | Does platelet-delivered factor VIII provide limited resistance to anti-factor VIII inhibitors? | {
"contexts": [
"Gene therapy strategies directed at expressing factor (F)VIII in megakaryocytes has potential advantages in the treatment of hemophilia A. Among these is that platelet (p) FVIII may be effective in the presence of circulating anti-FVIII inhibitors.",
"We examined in a murine transgenic model ... | In FVIII(null) mice, pFVIII provides improved, but limited, protection in the presence of inhibitors of approximately 6-fold greater Bethesda Units per mL relative to infused FVIII. Our findings differ from a recent report using a tail-clip exsanguination assay on the degree of efficacy of pFVIII in the presence of inh... | yes |
18,418,229 | Are endothelial dysfunction and carotid lesions strong predictors of clinical events in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis : a 24-month follow-up study? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vasodilator response to brachial artery and the presence of carotid lesions may have a prognostic significance in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis.",
"Vascular echography was performed to analyze flow-mediated vasodilatatio... | In this study, endothelial dysfunction and carotid lesions significantly increased the risk of vascular events in asymptomatic patients with early stages of atherosclerosis. Assessment of systemic vasoreactivity and carotid IMT evaluation may provide, in this category of patients, important prognostic information in ad... | yes |
18,425,574 | Does elevated body mass index ( BMI ) adversely affect in vitro fertilization outcome in young women? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if elevated body mass index in young women with normal ovarian reserve was associated with poorer ovarian response, difficulty at embryo transfer, and lower clinical pregnancy rates.",
"Retrospective study of 417 first, fresh in vitro fertilization cycles performed between Octobe... | Obesity in young women does not adversely affect clinical pregnancy rates in patients treated with in vitro fertilization. | no |
18,416,461 | Does vascular endothelial growth factor attenuate hepatic sinusoidal capillarization in thioacetamide-induced cirrhotic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transfection on hepatic sinusoidal capillarization.",
"Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)/VEGF transfection was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunohistochemistry both in primary hepatocytes and in ... | Injection of a plasmid encoding VEGF through the portal vein is an effective method to induce the formation of fenestrae and decrease portal vein pressure in cirrhotic rats. Therefore, it may be a good choice for treating hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension. | yes |
18,418,858 | Does insulin-like growth factor I improve aspects of mycophenolate mofetil-impaired anastomotic healing in an experimental model? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients taking immunosuppressants after transplantation may require intestinal surgery. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been found to impair the healing of colonic anastomoses in rats. This study examined whether insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I prevents MMF impairment of anastomotic healing."... | Exogenous IGF-I improves some aspects of MMF-impaired anastomotic healing. | yes |
18,440,776 | Is impairment of glucose metabolism in mice induced by dietary oxidized frying oil different from that induced by conjugated linoleic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously reported that a diet high in oxidized frying oil (OFO) is less adipogenic but induces glucose intolerance in rodents, a situation somewhat is similar to that in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-fed mice. The present study compared the lipid and glucose metabolism effects of dietary OF... | The impaired glucose metabolism resulting from OFO feeding is not related to CLA. In contrast to the hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance induced by the CLA diet, the OFO diet-induced glucose intolerance is mediated by impairment of insulin secretion. | yes |
18,436,194 | Does catechol-O-methyltransferase contribute to genetic susceptibility shared among anxiety spectrum phenotypes? | {
"contexts": [
"Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has been investigated for its possible role in a wide range of psychiatric phenotypes. In particular, several studies support association of this gene with panic disorder and other anxiety-related traits.",
"We examined the COMT gene for association with ge... | Variations in the COMT gene contribute to genetic risk shared across a range of anxiety-related phenotypes. | yes |
18,430,474 | Do serum markers support disease-specific glial pathology in major depression? | {
"contexts": [
"Recently, it was shown by histopathological studies that mood disorders are characterized by disease-specific glial pathology.",
"To validate this hypothesis in vivo we measured weekly and simultaneously serum levels of the neuronal marker neuron-specific enolase and S100B, a protein expresse... | As the study measured only serum S100B, future (cell culture) studies have to elucidate molecular mechanisms of this protein in mood disorders. Moreover, results have to be replicated in a larger patient group. | yes |
18,437,082 | Does n-acetylcysteine derivative inhibit CD40-dependent proinflammatory properties of human pancreatic duct cells? | {
"contexts": [
"We recently observed that duct cells constitutively express CD40, a membrane molecule whose engagement results in duct cell activation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion. This observation suggests a potential role of this pathway in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes, islet graft rejection, ... | Our data suggest that Nacystelyn could be considered as a useful tool to prevent immune and inflammatory responses in pancreatic disorders by interfering with the CD40 pathway in pancreatic duct cells. | yes |
18,437,085 | Do high levels of endogenous tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand expression correlate with increased cell death in human pancreas? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been characterized by the T cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Although various members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family, such as Fas ligand or TNF, have recently been implicated in the development of T1D, the lack of TNF-related apoptosis-induc... | Although the expression of TRAIL decoy receptors might be necessary for defense from TRAIL-induced apoptosis, high levels of TRAIL may provide protection for Langerhans islets from the immunological attack of cytotoxic T cells. | yes |
18,426,563 | Are methylation alterations a major cause of PTTG1 misregulation? | {
"contexts": [
"On its physiological cellular context, PTTG1 controls sister chromatid segregation during mitosis. Within its crosstalk to the cellular arrest machinery, relies a checkpoint of integrity for which gained the over name of securin. PTTG1 was found to promote malignant transformation in 3T3 fibrobla... | Our data suggest that neither methylation alterations nor LOH are involved in PTTG1 over-expression. These data, together with those previously reported, point towards a post-transcriptional level of misregulation associated to PTTG1 over-expression. | no |
18,431,587 | Do combined pars plana vitrectomy and artificial iris diaphragm implant after globe rupture? | {
"contexts": [
"Retinal detachment (RD) associated with aniridia due to globe rupture (GR) is an uncommon condition with a severe prognosis. Surgical technique must address anterior and posterior segment issues secondary to the altered compartmentalization and increased risk for corneal toxicity. The purpose of ... | RD associated to GR carries a guarded prognosis both due to RD complexity and hypotony. The combined repair of RD and aniridia after GR offers the advantage of addressing all issues at one time allowing correct eye compartmentalization and better tamponade effect. Successful anatomical and functional results can be ach... | yes |
18,413,304 | Is hypoxia responsible for soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 ( VEGFR-1 ) but not for soluble endoglin induction in villous trophoblast? | {
"contexts": [
"Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy disorder characterized by a maternal endothelial cell dysfunction associated with low levels of circulating placental growth factor (PlGF) and increased levels of total vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR-1), and soluble endoglin... | Our results support the hypotheses that, in pre-eclampsia, (i) overproduction of VEGF family factors by pre-eclamptic placenta is a consequence of induced hypoxia; (ii) overproduction of sVEGFR-1 by hypoxic villous trophoblast accounts for maternal free VEGF depletion; (iii) low circulating level of free PlGF is not on... | yes |
18,413,308 | Is gene-load score of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system associated with coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is characterized by premature coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the incidence of CHD varies considerably among FH patients. Genetic variation in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the adrenalin/noradrenalin system may be of importance in d... | Genetic variation in the RAAS contributes gene-dose dependently to CHD risk in patients with FH, whereas genetic variation in the adrenalin/noradrenalin system is not associated with CHD. | yes |
18,438,446 | Does addition of epidermal growth factor improve the rate of sulfur mustard wound healing in an in vitro model? | {
"contexts": [
"Sulfur mustard (SM) causes blisters on the human skin. These blisters delay healing of the skin and make the victims more susceptible to infection. In vitro models have been used for protection studies against SM injury, but study on wound healing after SM exposure has not been explored. The purp... | EGF showed promise as a potential therapy for SM-induced wounds. This in vitro model was a valuable tool for screening therapeutics before animal testing. These results will be used to develop a dressing that can slowly release EGF on to a debrided wound bed to help speed the healing process. | yes |
18,410,611 | Does detection of HBV core promoter and precore mutations help distinguish flares of chronic hepatitis from acute hepatitis B? | {
"contexts": [
"Acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B has to be distinguished from acute hepatitis, because treatment strategies differ between them.",
"Mutations in the core promoter and precore region of hepatitis B virus (HBV) were determined in 36 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis... | In patients with hepatitis B having ALT levels >500 IU/L, mutations in the core promoter and precore region are useful in distinguishing acute exacerbation of chronic from acute HBV infection. Detection of these mutations would be useful for commencing prompt antiviral treatments on patients with acute exacerbation of ... | yes |
18,410,254 | Does inactivation of parvovirus B19 during STIM-4 vapor heat treatment of three coagulation factor concentrate? | {
"contexts": [
"To enhance the viral safety margins, nanofiltration has been widely integrated into the manufacturing process of plasma-derived medicinal products. Removal of smaller agents such as parvovirus B19 (B19V) by filtration, however, is typically less efficient. Because recent investigations have demon... | The newly demonstrated effective inactivation of B19V by vapor heating, in contrast to the earlier used animal parvoviruses, results in significant B19V safety margins for STIM-4-treated coagulation factor concentrates. | yes |
18,436,890 | Do high serum levels of endothelin-1 predict severe cerebral edema in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with t-PA? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe cerebral edema is associated with poor outcome in patients with acute stroke. Experimental studies suggest that astrocytic endothelin-1 (ET-1) has deleterious effects on water homeostasis, cerebral edema, and blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity, which contribute to more severe ischemic bra... | ET-1 serum levels >5.5 fmol/mL are associated with severe brain edema in acute stroke patients treated with t-PA. These results suggest that ET-1 may be a new diagnostic marker for development of severe brain edema in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with t-PA. | yes |
18,441,169 | Is impact of posterior subcapsular opacification on vision and visual function among subjects undergoing cataract surgery in rural China : Study of Cataract Outcomes and Up-Take of Services ( SCOUTS ) in the Caring Hip Project , report 5? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effect of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) on vision and visual function in patients undergoing cataract surgery in rural China, and to compare this with the effect of refractive error.",
"Patients undergoing cataract surgery in at least one eye by local surgeons in a rural... | The prevalence of PCO and impact on vision and visual function in this cohort was modest 1 year after surgery. However, PCO prevalence increases with time. Follow-up of this cohort is underway to determine the effectiveness of this early intervention in identifying and treating subjects who will eventually experience c... | yes |
18,433,780 | Is the circadian defect in plasma vasopressin and urine output related to desmopressin response and enuresis status in children with nocturnal enuresis? | {
"contexts": [
"We correlated the circadian rhythm of plasma arginine vasopressin and urine output profile to desmopressin response, presence or absence of an enuretic episode, and age and gender in children with nocturnal enuresis.",
"We studied 125 children 6 to 17 years old (mean age 10.4 +/- 3 years) wit... | In addition to providing further pathophysiological support for the role of a nocturnal arginine vasopressin deficiency behind nocturnal polyuria in a subset of patients with enuresis, the results emphasize the clinical value of estimating nocturnal urine production on wet nights before selecting a therapeutic modality... | yes |
18,434,641 | Does the p.Val66Met polymorphism in the BDNF gene protect against early seizures in Rett syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"X chromosome inactivation and the MECP2 genotype do not provide the full explanations for the clinical differences between patients with Rett syndrome (RTT), suggesting the involvement of other factors. One MeCP2 target is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. We investigated, accord... | Early onset of seizures is linked to the combined MECP2 and BDNF genotypes. The BDNF Met66 allele may protect against seizures, whereas missense mutations in the MBD of MECP2 are more frequently associated with early seizures. | yes |
18,424,885 | Is the baseline ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes associated with patient prognosis in advanced gastric cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"In cancer patients, the balance between neutrophil (N) and lymphocyte (L) cell counts fluctuates with advancing disease. The objective of our study was to determine the prognostic implications of the N/L ratio in the peripheral blood of gastric cancer patients.",
"Study participants were iden... | These results suggest that the N/L ratio is an independent prognostic factor in advanced gastric cancer. Measurement of this ratio may serve as a clinically accessible and useful biomarker for patient survival. | yes |
18,422,838 | Is the tachykinin receptor 3 associated with alcohol and cocaine dependence? | {
"contexts": [
"A broad region on chromosome 4q was previously linked to the phenotype of alcohol dependence in the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism sample. A strong positional candidate gene was identified within this region: tachykinin receptor 3 gene (TACR3), which encodes tachykinin receptor... | These results indicate that sequence variations in TACR3 contribute to the variation in more severe alcohol dependent individuals and those who are also cocaine dependent. | yes |
18,422,836 | Does ethanol enhance GABAergic transmission onto dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area of the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of the dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) by ethanol has been implicated in its rewarding and reinforcing effects. At most central synapses, ethanol generally increases inhibitory synaptic transmission; however, no studies have explored the effect of acute et... | The present results indicate that ethanol increases postsynaptic GABA(A) receptor sensitivity, enhances action potential-independent GABA release onto VTA-DA neurons, and that this latter effect is independent of GABA(B) auto-receptor inhibition of GABA release. | yes |
18,427,962 | Do different curcuminoids inhibit T-lymphocyte proliferation independently of their radical scavenging activities? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the inhibitory effects of curcumin, curcumin derivatives and degradation products on OKT3-induced human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation and the role of their radical scavenging activity.",
"OKT3-induced human PBMC proliferation was determined by measurin... | Curcuminoid-induced inhibition of OKT3-induced PBMC proliferation depends on the number of carbon atoms and double bonds of the 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione structure as well as on the phenolic ring substitutes of the curcuminoids but is not correlated to their respective radical scavenging activity. | yes |
18,420,326 | Does corn oil enhancing hepatic lipid peroxidation induced by CCl4 aggravate liver fibrosis in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Lipid peroxidation (LPO) is known to be associated with liver fibrosis in chronic liver injury. However, direct effects of the products of LPO on liver fibrogenesis have not been demonstrated. In this study, we examined the LPO products of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)+corn oil to evaluate the effe... | corn oil enriches polyunsaturated fatty acids through COX-2 independent pathways to increase LPO products that do not enhance liver fibrosis induced by CCl4. | no |
18,419,713 | Is impaired erythropoiesis after haemorrhagic shock in mice associated with erythroid progenitor apoptosis in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Multiply traumatised patients often suffer from blood loss and from subsequent therapy-resistant anaemia, possibly mediated by apoptosis, necrosis, or humoral factors. Therefore, the underlying mechanisms were investigated in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood in a murine resuscitated haemorrh... | Despite the massive EPO response and up-regulation of EPO-R, BM erythroblasts (EBs) decreased. This could be due to deficient maturation of erythroid progenitors. Furthermore, the increased intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis activation suggests programmed death of erythroid progenitors. We propose that both apoptosis an... | yes |
18,428,212 | Does preoperative assessment enable the early diagnosis and successful treatment of lymphedema? | {
"contexts": [
"The incidence of breast cancer (BC)-related lymphedema (LE) ranges from 7% to 47%. Successful management of LE relies on early diagnosis using sensitive measurement techniques. In the current study, the authors demonstrated the effectiveness of a surveillance program that included preoperative li... | A short trial of compression garments effectively treated subclinical LE. | yes |
18,436,885 | Does filamentous middle cerebral artery occlusion cause ischemic damage to the retina in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Filamentous middle cerebral artery occlusion (fMCAO) is the most frequently used focal cerebral ischemia model in rodents. The proximity of the ophthalmic artery to the middle cerebral artery suggests that fMCAO induces retinal ischemia. We therefore tested whether fMCAO induces ischemia/reperfus... | Sixty minutes fMCAO produces retinal injury in SV129EV mice. Potential visual dysfunction should be considered when a particular occlusion period is selected for studying neurological outcomes after fMCAO. Because visual disturbance is often associated with thrombotic/embolic stroke in humans, fMCAO represents an appro... | yes |
18,414,653 | Does integration across Time determine Path Deviation Discrimination for Moving Objects? | {
"contexts": [
"Human vision is vital in determining our interaction with the outside world. In this study we characterize our ability to judge changes in the direction of motion of objects-a common task which can allow us either to intercept moving objects, or else avoid them if they pose a threat.",
"Obser... | Human vision has long been known to integrate information across space in order to solve spatial tasks such as judgment of orientation or position. Here we demonstrate an intriguing mechanism which integrates direction information across time in order to optimize the judgment of path deviation for moving objects. | yes |
18,416,968 | Is expression of mammaglobins A and B in nasal polyps similar in patients with and without allergic rhinitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The causes of nasal polyposis remain unclear. Mammaglobins have been implicated in its pathogenesis. However, their association with the occurrence of nasal polyps in the presence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has not been explored. The aim of this study was to compare the expression levels of mammag... | Expression levels of mammaglobins A and B in nasal polyps are not different between patients with and without AR. Our findings suggest that mammaglobins' implication in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps is independent of an underlying AR. | yes |
18,432,604 | Is small fetal abdominal circumference in the second trimester and subsequent low maternal plasma glucose after a glucose challenge test associated with the delivery of a small-for-gestational age neonate? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the predictive value of a combination of the 1 h 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) and second-trimester ultrasound measurement of fetal abdominal circumference (AC) in identifying patients who will go on to deliver small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates. The individual predictive po... | Small AC on routine second-trimester anomaly sonogram should trigger a closer evaluation of maternal GCT. If the GCT is also low, more intensive surveillance for the possible development of a SGA infant is warranted. | yes |
18,419,823 | Does initial intramuscular perfusion pressure predict early skeletal muscle function following isolated tibial fractures? | {
"contexts": [
"The severity of associated soft tissue trauma in complex injuries of the extremities guides fracture treatment and decisively determines patient's prognosis. Trauma-induced microvascular dysfunction and increased tissue pressure is known to trigger secondary soft tissue damage and seems to advers... | The functional relationship between the decrease in intramuscular perfusion pressures and muscle performance in the early rehabilitation period indicate a causative and prognostic role of early posttraumatic microcirculatory derangements and skeletal muscle function. Therapeutic concepts aimed at effective muscle recov... | yes |
18,419,821 | Is ornithine-delta-aminotransferase essential for arginine catabolism but not for proline biosynthesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Like many other plant species, Arabidopsis uses arginine (Arg) as a storage and transport form of nitrogen, and proline (Pro) as a compatible solute in the defence against abiotic stresses causing water deprivation. Arg catabolism produces ornithine (Orn) inside mitochondria, which was discussed ... | Our findings indicate that deltaOAT feeds P5C exclusively into the catabolic branch of Pro metabolism, which yields Glu as an end product. Conversion of Orn to Glu is an essential route for recovery of nitrogen stored or transported as Arg. Pro biosynthesis occurs predominantly or exclusively via the Glu pathway in Ara... | yes |
18,424,269 | Is hepatocellular carcinoma associated with an increased risk of hepatitis B virus recurrence after liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is significantly reduced by prophylaxis with hyperimmune antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) globulins (HBIG) and antiviral drugs. The role of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in HBV recurrence remains un... | The associations of HCC pre-OLT, and HCC recurrence with HBV recurrence post-OLT, and the detection of HBV DNA and cccDNA in HCC suggest that HBV replication in tumor cells may contribute to HBV recurrence post-OLT. | yes |
18,414,638 | Does drinking-water arsenic exposure modulate gene expression in human lymphocytes from a U.S. population? | {
"contexts": [
"Arsenic exposure impairs development and can lead to cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The mechanism underlying these effects remains unknown. Primarily because of geologic sources of contamination, drinking-water arsenic levels are above the current recommended maximum contaminant le... | These findings define biologic changes that occur with chronic arsenic exposure in humans and provide leads and potential targets for understanding and monitoring the pathogenesis of arsenic-induced diseases. | yes |
18,432,613 | Is the presence of Rickettsia associated with increased susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci ( Homoptera : Aleyrodidae ) to insecticides? | {
"contexts": [
"The presence of certain symbiotic microorganisms may be associated with insecticide resistance in insects. The authors compared the susceptibility of two isofemale lines, Rickettsia-plus and Rickettsia-free, of the sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to major... | Findings indicate that the infection status of B. tabaci populations by Rickettsia is an important consideration that should be taken into account when performing resistance monitoring studies, and may help in understanding the dynamics of B. tabaci resistance, symbiont-pest associations in agricultural systems and the... | yes |
18,426,966 | Is the metabolic syndrome associated with circulating adipokines in older adults across a wide range of adiposity? | {
"contexts": [
"Circulating levels of adipokines are elevated with adiposity and are closely linked with the clustering of traditional metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of metabolic syndrome to several adipokines and the role of total and... | The metabolic syndrome is associated with adipokines in older adults across a wide range of adiposity, including in those with low or normal overall fatness. | yes |
18,413,569 | Does subthalamic nucleus stimulation modulate audiospinal reactions in Parkinson disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Axial symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) may result from dysfunctional basal ganglia-brainstem connections. In this study, we assessed whether modulation of basal ganglia activity by high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-HFS) in PD had an impact on the brainstem-controlled st... | High-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus alters the excitability of the brainstem startle system in Parkinson disease, most likely by releasing the reticular motor system from abnormal descending input of the basal ganglia via pallidotegmental pathways. | yes |
18,417,424 | Is tIRAP ( MAL ) S180L polymorphism a common protective factor against developing tuberculosis and systemic lupus erythematosus? | {
"contexts": [
"The involvement of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated pathways in infectious and autoimmunity has been suggested. The MyD88 adaptor-like (Mal) protein, also known as the TIR domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), is implicated in the TLR2- and TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. T... | These results support the influence of TIRAP (MAL) S180L polymorphism on TB and indicate that TB and SLE might share a common immunogenetic pathway in the innate immune response. | yes |
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