pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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21,882,490 | Is cardiac remodeling rather than disturbed myocardial energy metabolism associated with cardiac dysfunction in diabetic rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Diabetes mellitus (DM) alters the energy substrate metabolism in the heart and the early sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy is the diastolic dysfunction. Although it is known that the extracellular matrix must be altered in the presence of diabetes, its local regulation has not been fully elucidated... | Streptozotocin induced diabetes led to increased LV/bodyweight, increased collagen content, and diminished MMP-2 with no change in PCr/ATP. Therefore, remodeling rather than disturbed energetics may underlie diabetic cardiomyopathy. | yes |
21,897,000 | Are mMP-9 , homocysteine and CRP circulating levels associated with intraluminal thrombus thickness of abdominal aortic aneurysms : new implication of the old biomarkers? | {
"contexts": [
"Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are characterized by presence of high proteolytic activity, atherosclerotic lesions, extensive transmural inflammation and the presence of variably sized and shaped intraluminal thrombus (ILT). Therefore, we evaluated a possible association between plasma matrix ... | Association of higher plasma levels of MMP-9 and CRP with thin ILT may be related to two phenomena: thin thrombi convey more elastolysis-stimulating factors from blood to the AAA wall and thin thrombi convey more factors involved in proteolysis and inflammation from AAA wall to blood. The association of thin ILT with l... | yes |
21,873,443 | Does bradykinin mediate remote ischaemic preconditioning or ischaemia-reperfusion injury in vivo in man? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine whether endogenous bradykinin mediates the endothelium-dependent vasomotor dysfunction induced by ischaemia-reperfusion injury, or the protection afforded by remote ischaemic preconditioning in vivo in man.",
"Randomised double-blind, cross-over study.",
"Royal Infirmary of Edi... | These findings do not support a major role for endogenous bradykinin, acting via the B(2) kinin receptor, in the mechanism of ischaemia-reperfusion injury or the protective effects of remote ischaemic preconditioning in man. | no |
21,872,351 | Is general anxiety of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease comparable with that in healthy controls? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed to compare situational and trait anxiety levels in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) with that in healthy controls and to investigate their correlation to the perceived health status.",
"From November 2007 to December 2009 in total 879 patients (405 female, 15-71 y... | In general, patients with CHD show a rather normal anxiety pattern compared to healthy controls. These symptoms of anxiety were strongly correlated with the perceived health status. Only situational anxiety levels at the hospital are increased and still remain an important challenge for doctors and psychologists. | yes |
21,895,955 | Does delayed blastocyst development influence the outcome of frozen-thawed transfer cycles? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the outcome of transfer of thawed blastocysts frozen on either day 5 or day 6 after in vitro fertilisation.",
"Cohort observational study.",
"Tertiary assisted conception unit in London, UK.",
"Six hundred and forty-two consecutive nondonor programmed thawed blastocyst tran... | The pregnancy potential of high-grade blastocysts frozen on day 5 and day 6 after in vitro fertilisation and replaced in programmed TBT cycles is comparable. | no |
21,880,694 | Does pPARγ attenuate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting TLR4-mediated inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) has been reported to attenuate intimal hyperplasia. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that PPARγ inhibits intimal hyperplasia through suppressing Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells.",
"TL... | PPARγ inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by suppressing TLR4-mediated inflammation and ultimately attenuates intimal hyperplasia after carotid injury. | yes |
21,893,947 | Is early intensive obstetric and medical nutrition care associated with decreased prepregnancy obesity impact on perinatal outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the gestational weight gain and adverse perinatal outcomes in urban Mexican women with prepregnancy overweight or obesity, under an early intensive obstetric and nutrition program versus women with prepregnancy normal weight.",
"A cohort of 546 pregnant women with prepregnancy norm... | Early intensive medical-nutrition prenatal care and adequate gestational weight gain may contribute to decreasing most maternal and newborn adverse outcomes associated with prepregnancy overweight or obesity. | yes |
21,883,969 | Is plasma protein oxidation correlated positively with plasma iron levels and negatively with hemolysate zinc levels in sickle-cell anemia patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Sickle-cell anemia (SCA) is a disease of high oxidative stress. The oxidative medium of SCA was evaluated by protein oxidation parameters and their correlation with lipids and ions were investigated both in the plasma and in the erythrocyte.",
"Blood samples were obtained from 15 steady-state... | Alterations of proteins, lipids, and ions in the plasma and erythrocyte of steady-state patients with SCA were demonstrated. Some of these alterations are related with each other and with the oxidative stress observed in the disease. | yes |
21,898,015 | Is inflammatory impact of NOTES peritoneoscopy different from that of laparoscopy : a randomized comparative study in a survival porcine model? | {
"contexts": [
"Inflammatory changes of different NOTES approaches remain unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the inflammatory effects of NOTES and laparoscopy.",
"Forty female pigs were assigned to transgastric, transrectal, and transvaginal NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy groups. Antiseptic... | Inflammatory parameters are similar between NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy despite longer surgery time in the NOTES group. The vaginal route seems to reduce the inflammatory stress. | no |
21,883,989 | Do circulating antiretinal antibodies predict the outcome of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine serum antiretinal antibody (ARA) levels in response to treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab of exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).",
"The study comprised 22 patients treated with intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) 1.25mg. In all patients, serum ARA levels were as... | Serum ARA levels demonstrate a dynamic change which occurs in parallel with clinical outcomes of antiangiogenic therapy. They also may act as markers of the therapeutic benefits of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition. | yes |
21,875,743 | Does tamoxifen promote superoxide production in platelets by activation of PI3-kinase and NADPH oxidase pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor antagonist that is widely used for treatment and prevention of breast cancer. However, tamoxifen use can lead to an increased incidence of thrombotic events. The reason for this adverse event remains unknown. Previous studies showed that tamoxifen and it... | Tamoxifen increases [Ca(2+)](i) in human platelets by a non-genomic mechanism. Tamoxifen activates phospholipase Cγ as well as PI3-kinase and NADPH oxidase pathway to generate superoxide which causes the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum, and promotes Ca(2+) influx into the platelets. | yes |
21,871,013 | Is neonatal morbidity in term neonates related to gestational age at birth and level of care? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective of this study was to assess whether the incidence of neonatal morbidity of neonates born at term and admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) differs by gestational age and level of care.",
"This is a 5-year retrospective cohort study of singleton term births admitted t... | Neonatal morbidity in term neonates is related to gestational age at birth. Since asphyxia is an important cause of both morbidity and mortality in term neonates, it is important to clearly define and include asphyxia in future perinatal audits. | yes |
21,871,018 | Do non-bronchodilating mechanisms of tiotropium prevent airway hyperreactivity in a guinea-pig model of allergic asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Asthma is characterized by reversible bronchoconstriction and airway hyperreactivity. Although M(3) muscarinic receptors mediate bronchoconstriction, non-selective muscarinic receptor antagonists are not currently recommended for chronic control of asthma. We tested whether selective blockade of ... | These data confirm that testing M(3) receptor blockade with exogenous ACh does not predict vagal blockade. Our data also suggest that selective blockade of M(3) receptors may be effective in asthma via mechanisms that are separate from inhibition of bronchoconstriction. | yes |
21,878,538 | Does dicer-mediated upregulation of BCRP confer tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Tamoxifen (Tam) is the most prescribed hormonal agent for treatment of estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer patients. Using microarray analysis, we observed that metastatic breast tumors resistant to Tam therapy had elevated levels of Dicer.",
"We overexpressed Dicer in ERα-positi... | Dicer-overexpressing breast cancer cells enriched for cells with enhanced BCRP function. We hypothesize that it is this population which may be involved in the emergence of Tam-resistant growth. BCRP may be a novel clinical target to restore Tam sensitivity. | yes |
21,875,662 | Does cyptoporus polysaccharide prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury associated with down-regulating Toll-like receptor 2 expression? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effects and the possible mechanism of Cryptoporus polysaccharides (CP) extracted from fruiting body of Cryptoporus volvatus in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in rats and mice.",
"Acute lung injury was induced by intratracheally instillation of LPS int... | Our results supported a protective role of CP in ALI and suggested that the reduction of the activation of TLR(2) and NF-κB signal pathway in lung injury may be relavant to the pretreatment of CP. | yes |
21,901,363 | Is brain-derived neurotrophic factor from follicular fluid positively associated with rate of mature ooocytes collected and cleavage rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between BDNF and oocyte maturation and to verify whether BDNF could predict in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome.",
"The follicle fluid (FF) for BDNF, E(2) and P assay were obtained from 59 patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injecti... | The BDNF in FF could not predict IVF outcome, but BDNF in FF might play an important role in the maturation of oocyte and development of oocyte into preimplantation embryo. | yes |
21,871,270 | Does triglycidyl amine crosslinking combined with ethanol inhibit bioprosthetic heart valve calcification? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the most important factors responsible for the calcific failure of bioprosthetic heart valves is glutaraldehyde crosslinking. Ethanol (EtOH) incubation after glutaraldehyde crosslinking has previously been reported to confer anticalcification efficacy for bioprostheses. The present studies... | The TGA-EtOH pretreatment of porcine aortic valves confers significant calcification resistance in both rat subdermal and sheep circulatory implants, but with associated structural instability. | yes |
21,884,000 | Are serum levels of advanced glycation end products ( AGEs ) inversely associated with the number and migratory activity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in apparently healthy subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to participate in the process of vascular repair, thus playing a protective role against cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is known that atherosclerotic risk factors could affect EPC number and function. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) con... | This study demonstrated for the first time that the serum level of AGEs was one of the independent correlates of decreased cell number and impaired migratory activity of circulating EPCs in apparently healthy subjects. Our present observations suggest that even in young healthy subjects, serum level of AGEs may be a bi... | yes |
21,878,936 | Is high bone marrow angiopoietin-1 expression an independent poor prognostic factor for survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiogenic factors have an essential role in normal and pathologic angiogenesis. However, the clinical implication of angiogenic factor expression in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains unclear.",
"In this study, we sought to investigate the prognostic impact of the expression of genes en... | BM Ang-1 expression may serve as a new biomarker to predict clinical outcome in MDS patients. | yes |
21,898,709 | Are newborn neurobehavioral patterns differentially related to prenatal maternal major depressive disorder and serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Prenatal serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) exposure has been related to adverse newborn neurobehavioral outcomes; however, these effects have not been compared to those that may arise from prenatal exposure to maternal major depressive disorder (MDD) without SRI treatment. This study examined po... | MDD + SRI-exposed infants seem to have a different neurobehavioral profile than MDD-exposed infants in the first 3 weeks after delivery; both groups may have different neurobehavioral profiles with increasing age from birth. | yes |
21,871,284 | Is perioperative use of dexmedetomidine associated with decreased incidence of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias after congenital cardiac operations? | {
"contexts": [
"Postoperative tachyarrhythmias remain a common complication after congenital cardiac operations. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α-2 adrenoreceptor agonist, can have a therapeutic role in supraventricular tachyarrhythmias for cardioversion to sinus rhythm or heart rate control. Whether routine perioper... | Perioperative use of dexmedetomidine is associated with a significantly decreased incidence of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, without significant adverse effects. | yes |
21,871,287 | Does intramural coronary length correlate with symptoms in patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery? | {
"contexts": [
"Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA) from the opposite sinus of Valsalva is a rare congenital anomaly with the potential for myocardial ischemia and sudden death. This review evaluated our series of AAOCA patients, who underwent coronary artery unroofing, to test our hypothesis th... | Coronary unroofing for AAOCA is a safe method of enlarging the coronary orifice and eliminating the intramural course. Symptomatic patients had a longer intramural course than asymptomatic patients, as assessed by preoperative imaging and intraoperative measurements. These results may have important clinical implicatio... | yes |
21,872,146 | Does depressive symptom trajectory predict 1-year health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"One-third of patients with heart failure (HF) experience depressive symptoms that adversely affect health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We aimed to describe depressive symptom trajectory and determine whether a change in depressive symptoms predicts subsequent HRQOL.",
"The sample consiste... | We found the trajectory of depressive symptoms predicts future HRQOL. Research is needed to determine whether interventions targeting depressive symptoms improve HRQOL in patients with HF. | yes |
21,886,855 | Does the susceptibility of trypanosomatid pathogens to PI3/mTOR kinase inhibitors afford a new opportunity for drug repurposing? | {
"contexts": [
"Target repurposing utilizes knowledge of \"druggable\" targets obtained in one organism and exploits this information to pursue new potential drug targets in other organisms. Here we describe such studies to evaluate whether inhibitors targeting the kinase domain of the mammalian Target of Rapamy... | These studies strongly suggest that mammalian PI3/TOR kinase inhibitors are a productive starting point for anti-trypanosomal drug discovery. Our data suggest that NVP-BEZ235, an advanced clinical candidate against solid tumors, merits further investigation as an agent for treating African sleeping sickness. | yes |
21,883,532 | Are fast food and take-away food consumption associated with different lifestyle characteristics? | {
"contexts": [
"One of the most prominent characteristics of fast food and take-away food is that it is convenient, meaning that it saves time, it reduces the required effort for food provisioning and culinary skills are transferred. Studies that investigate the unique effect of these factors on dietary behaviou... | Take-away and fast food consumption are behaviours that share the same demographic determinants of age and gender, although they are influenced by different life style determinants. It is very likely that motivations related to time, effort and cooking are of increasing importance for food decisions in our society. | yes |
21,883,534 | Is adipose zinc-α2-glycoprotein a catabolic marker in cancer and noncancerous states? | {
"contexts": [
"Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) has been proposed as a tumour-derived cancer cachexia factor. However, ZAG is produced by some normal tissues, including white adipose tissue (WAT), and high serum ZAG levels are present in nonmalignant conditions. We determined whether human WAT contributes to serum ZA... | ZAG is released from human WAT, but this tissue does not contribute significantly to the circulating levels. WAT-secreted ZAG correlates with nutritional status but not with fat mass in both cancer and nonmalignant conditions. Adipose ZAG is therefore a local factor activated primarily by the catabolic state per se. | yes |
21,883,535 | Is plasma sCD36 associated with markers of atherosclerosis , insulin resistance and fatty liver in a nondiabetic healthy population? | {
"contexts": [
"Insulin resistance is associated with increased CD36 expression in a number of tissues. Moreover, excess macrophage CD36 may initiate atherosclerotic lesions. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma soluble CD36 (sCD36) was associated with insulin resistance, fatty liver and carotid... | In this cross-sectional study of nondiabetic subjects, sCD36 was significantly associated with indices of insulin resistance, carotid atherosclerosis and fatty liver. Prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the role of sCD36 in the inter-relationship between atherosclerosis, fatty liver and insulin resistanc... | yes |
21,871,126 | Are proteasome modulator 9 SNPs linked to hypertension in type 2 diabetes families? | {
"contexts": [
"Chromosome 12q24 was recently associated with hypertension. Proteasome Modulator 9 (PSMD9) lies in the 12q24 locus and is in linkage with MODY3, type 2 diabetes (T2D), microvascular and macrovascular pathology, carpal tunnel syndrome, and hypercholesterolemia in Italian families.",
"Our goal ... | We conclude that the PSMD9 gene and/or any variant in linkage disequilibrium with the SNPs studied contribute to the linkage to hypertension within our family dataset. This is the first report of PSMD9 linkage to hypertension within the 12q24 locus. | yes |
21,888,663 | Is cyclin D1 expression in colorectal cancer a favorable prognostic factor in men but not in women in a prospective , population-based cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally not considered to be a hormone-dependent malignancy, several sex-related differences in incidence, molecular characteristics and survival have been reported. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that increased exposure to female sex hormone... | Cyclin D1 expression is strongly associated with prolonged survival in male CRC. These findings not only support an important role for cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinogenesis, but also add further weight to the accumulating evidence that CRC is indeed a hormone-dependent malignancy, for which prognostic and treatment-pr... | yes |
21,880,847 | Are hepatic iron stores increased as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in a Chinese population with altered glucose homeostasis? | {
"contexts": [
"Emerging scientific evidence has disclosed a correlation between iron metabolism and type 2 diabetes (T2D).",
"The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that body iron stores are higher in a Chinese population with altered glucose homeostasis.",
"Serum iron, ferritin, and sol... | To our knowledge, our findings provide novel evidence to support the hypothesis of a mild iron overload in patients with prediabetes and T2D. A cohort study concerned with the effect of the attenuation of excess iron on glucose metabolism in a prediabetic population is warranted. | yes |
21,875,717 | Does unbound bilirubin increase during ibuprofen treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether ibuprofen displaces bilirubin from albumin in preterm infants.",
"A total of 34 preterm neonates (<32 weeks gestation) treated by ibuprofen (10-5-5 mg/kg) were included in this prospective open-label study. Total bilirubin (TB), unbound bilirubin (UB), and ibuprofen conce... | Ibuprofen (10-5-5 mg/kg) did not displace bilirubin in preterm infants with a baseline TB concentration <8.8 mg/dL. | no |
21,884,200 | Is oestrogen receptor-β CA repeat polymorphism associated with incidence of colorectal cancer among females? | {
"contexts": [
"Increasing evidence suggests an association between oestrogens and colorectal cancer. Oestrogen receptor beta, ER-β, putatively plays a pathobiological role in colorectal cancer as colorectal epithelial cells frequently express ER-β. The aim was to elucidate the association of the dinucleotide (C... | A role for ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer among females is suggested. | yes |
21,885,872 | Is hepatic glucagon action essential for exercise-induced reversal of mouse fatty liver? | {
"contexts": [
"Exercise is an effective intervention to treat fatty liver. However, the mechanism(s) that underlie exercise-induced reductions in fatty liver are unclear. Here we tested the hypothesis that exercise requires hepatic glucagon action to reduce fatty liver.",
"C57BL/6 mice were fed high-fat die... | These findings suggest that therapies that use antagonism of hepatic glucagon action to reduce blood glucose may interfere with the ability of exercise and perhaps other interventions to positively affect fatty liver. | yes |
21,902,167 | Do outcomes of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy in the surgical management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"To report outcomes and complications of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for patients with complications of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).",
"Retrospective, interventional, consecutive case series of 174 eyes undergoing primary 25-gauge PPV for PDR from 2006 to 2009. Primary ou... | The authors found 25-gauge PPV to be effective for vitreous removal and membrane dissection. The spectrum and frequency of complications were similar to those reported for 20-gauge PPV for PDR. In the surgical management of PDR, 25-gauge PPV is an alternative. | yes |
21,897,859 | Do asthmatics exhibit altered oxylipin profiles compared to healthy individuals after subway air exposure? | {
"contexts": [
"Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and oxidants are important factors in causing exacerbations in asthmatics, and the source and composition of pollutants greatly affects pathologi... | Several of the altered oxylipins have known or suspected bronchoprotective or anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting a possible reduced anti-inflammatory response in asthmatics following exposure to subway air. These observations may have ramifications for sensitive subpopulations in urban areas. | yes |
21,888,268 | Are monocyte phenotype and cytokine production profiles dysregulated by short-duration spaceflight? | {
"contexts": [
"Immune system dysregulation has been demonstrated to occur during and immediately following spaceflight. As the initial bias and magnitude for an immune response is heavily influenced by monocyte/macrophage secreted cytokines, this study investigated monocyte phenotype and cytokine production pat... | These data indicate that changes in monocyte constitutive phenotype and inflammatory cytokine production occur following short-duration spaceflight, which may impact overall crewmember immunocompetence. Also, monocyte/macrophage function may be highly sensitive to mission specific parameters. | yes |
21,873,894 | Is heme oxygenase-1 protective against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric ulcers? | {
"contexts": [
"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for the treatment of pain, fever, and inflammation. Long-term use of these drugs is associated with significant gastric injury. Activated neutrophils and oxidative stress seem to play a significant role in NSAID-induced gastric mucosal... | These findings suggest that the induction of an anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective enzyme HO-1 may be a strategy to overcome the gastrointestinal adverse effects limiting the use of NSAIDs. | yes |
21,873,895 | Does human milk probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tract infections in infants? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a follow-on formula containing Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (L. fermentum) on the incidence of infections in infants between the ages of 6 and 12 months.",
"A randomized double-blinded controlled study including infants at the age of 6 mo... | Administration of a follow-on formula with L. fermentum CECT5716 may be useful for the prevention of community-acquired gastrointestinal and upper respiratory infections. | yes |
21,881,162 | Is this recession wearing me out ! Health-related quality of life and economic downturns? | {
"contexts": [
"Health-related quality of life refers to an individual's perceived physical and mental health and goes beyond the presence or absence of illnesses to encompass a multidimensional concept of well being. Previous research on the relationships between macroeconomic conditions and health status revea... | With the recent worldwide economic recession causing steep drops in the U.S. Gross Domestic Product along with double-digit unemployment rates, the implications of this study are disheartening. Besides macroeconomic policies to help stimulate the economy, government officials and policymakers should also consider socia... | yes |
21,883,699 | Does acid inhibit TRPV4-mediated Ca²⁺ influx in mouse esophageal epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a thermo-sensitive stretch-activated cation channel, is expressed in the skin stratified squamous epithelium, contributing to the acquisition of barrier function. Similarly, functional TRPV4 may be located in the stratified squamous epithelial... | Acid-sensitive TRPV4 channels were mainly expressed in the esophageal epithelial cells of the basal and intermediate layers. Direct exposure of TRPV4-expressing cells to gastric acid, as would occur in cases of GERD, could influence their cellular functions, possibly aggravating the disease state. | yes |
21,884,517 | Does iL28B genotype correlate with HIV control in African Americans? | {
"contexts": [
"HIV-1 natural viral suppressors (NVS) are individuals that control HIV replication without antiretrovirals (also know as HIV elite controllers). We have recently shown that these individuals have an elevated rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance. Given the association of IL28B genotype, speci... | The IL28B CC genotype does not account for the noted HIV control in our specific NVS cohort. Further studies will be needed to determine if a common genetic factor can primarily account for any joint clearance of HCV and control of HIV. | no |
21,881,876 | Is despite aggressive histopathology survival impaired in young patients with colorectal cancer : CRC in patients under 50 years of age? | {
"contexts": [
"Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is generally a disease of persons older than 50 years. Concerning younger patients, controversies still exist regarding features and prognosis of CRC. We performed this study to characterize CRC in young patients (≤50 years) as well as to evaluate outcome in comparison ... | Although young patients present with more aggressive histopathological subtypes and less early stages, cancer-related survival is not less favourable compared with older patients. | no |
21,895,711 | Does ethanol-induced oxidative stress via the CYP2E1 pathway disrupt adiponectin secretion from adipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipose tissue is an important target for ethanol action. One important effect of ethanol is to reduce the secretion of adiponectin from adipocytes; this decrease is associated with lowered circulating adiponectin in rodent models of chronic ethanol feeding. Adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing,... | These data demonstrate that CYP2E1-dependent reactive oxygen species production in response to ethanol disrupts adiponectin secretion from adipocytes. | yes |
21,895,713 | Is corticotropin-releasing factor acting on corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 critical for binge alcohol drinking in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system has been implicated in the regulation of alcohol consumption. However, previous mouse knockout (KO) studies using continuous ethanol access have failed to conclusively confirm this. Recent studies have shown that CRF receptor type 1 (CRFR1) antagoni... | Our results confirm that CRFR1 plays a key role in binge drinking and identify CRF as the ligand critically involved in excessive alcohol consumption. | yes |
21,901,258 | Does dietary kaempferol suppress inflammation of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"In ulcerative colitis (UC), reduction of inflammation may represent a key mechanism in UC therapy, and anti-inflammatory agents would be good candidates for preventing UC. Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid, is believed to have anti-inflammatory activities and has been shown to be potentially immune... | These results indicate that kaempferol is an effective anti-inflammatory agent that protects colonic mucosa from DSS-induced UC. Dietary kaempferol fed prior to colitis induction was more effective to suppress some of the colitis-associated markers. | yes |
21,872,611 | Does absence of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 in ENT1 knockout mice lead to altered nucleoside levels following hypoxic challenge? | {
"contexts": [
"Equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENT) modulate the flux of adenosine. The ENT1-null (KO) mouse heart is endogenously cardioprotected but the cellular basis of this phenotype is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the cellular mechanisms underlying ENT1-mediated cardioprotection.",
"Circ... | ENT1 contributes to modulation of extracellular adenosine levels and subsequent purinergic signaling via ARs. ENT1-null mice possess elevated circulating adenosine levels and reduced cellular uptake resulting in a perpetually cardioprotected phenotype. | yes |
21,872,610 | Are parathyroid hormone-related protein and glucocorticoid receptor beta regulated by cortisol in the kidney of male mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a peptide growth factor produced in a wide range of tissues from brain and parathyroid, to kidney and uterus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the adrenal cortical hormones, hydrocortisone (cortisol), modulate PTHrP expression and g... | These results suggest that PTHrP expression and GRβ in the kidneys of male mice may be regulated by cortisol. | yes |
21,879,321 | Is the prognosis after curative resection of gallbladder cancer with hilar invasion similar to that of hilar cholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Gallbladder cancer (GBC) often invades the hepatic hilum and even small tumors can cause obstructive jaundice. Operative intervention for GBC with obstructive jaundice is sometimes not recommended because it is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the extended procedure is recommended for p... | The prognosis after curative resection of GBC with hilar invasion is similar to that of HC in selected patients. Aggressive surgery for advanced GBC with hilar invasion might increase survival rates. | yes |
21,883,267 | Are allergic agonists in apheresis platelet products associated with allergic transfusion reactions? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanisms that underlie allergic transfusion reactions (ATRs) are not well characterized, but likely involve recipient, donor, and product factors. To assess product factors associated with ATRs, we investigated candidate mediators in apheresis platelet (PLT) products associated with ATRs an... | The allergic agonists C5a, BDNF, and CCL5 may be mediators of ATRs in apheresis PLT products. Acute inflammatory proteins and basophil and/or mast cell growth and priming factors do not appear to be associated with apheresis PLT products that cause ATRs. | yes |
21,876,488 | Does theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation over the supplementary motor area decrease variability of temporal estimates? | {
"contexts": [
"Supplementary motor area (SMA) was suggested to have a dominant role in the temporal control of behavior by many neuroimaging studies. The aim of this study was to support this hypothesis by influencing time estimates with theta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the SMA.",
"N... | It is likely that increased variability of time estimates is a non-specific result of impaired attention and working memory after theta-burst TMS. Decreased variability after stimulation over the SMA could be explained in terms of enhanced activity of the physiological oscillator with a frequency close to 0.1 Hz. | yes |
21,896,861 | Are longitudinal changes of axial length and height associated and concomitant in children? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association between the longitudinal changes of axial length (AL) and height in Chinese children.",
"The study participants were recruited from the Guangzhou Twin Registry. AL and height were measured every year from 2006 to 2008. AL was measured using partial coherence laser i... | The association between AL and height in cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal changes may suggest common pathways for the development of eye size and body size in children. | yes |
21,893,012 | Is high maternal HbA1c associated with overweight in neonates? | {
"contexts": [
"The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) not obtaining HbA1c within the normal range (≤ 5.6%) before delivery and to examine whether elevated HbA1c values are associated with an increased risk of large for gestational age (LGA) infa... | Women with GDM not obtaining HbA1c within the normal range before delivery had a threefold increased risk of having an LGA infant and a sixfold increased risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia. | yes |
21,881,276 | Are circulating microRNAs promising novel biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of cardiac development, physiologic, and pathologic processes via post-transcriptional control of gene expression. The stable circulating miRNAs offer unique opportunities for the early diagnosis of several diseas... | The miR-133 and miR-328 levels in plasma and whole blood in AMI patients were increased compared to those in control subjects. These miRNAs may represent novel biomarkers of AMI. | yes |
21,872,813 | Does spleen artery embolization increase the success of nonoperative management following blunt splenic injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Spleen artery embolization (SAE) may increase the success rate of nonoperative management (NOM). The present study investigated the clinical outcome after the installation of SAE in the management of blunt splenic injury.",
"A retrospective review of hospital records was performed to enroll p... | Performance of SAE for the patients with blunt splenic injury could increase the successful rate of NOM significantly and safely. An algorithm including the angioembolization might be beneficial in the management of patients with blunt spleen trauma. | yes |
21,872,815 | Does a single small dose of ketamine prevent lung injury following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies demonstrated that large-dose ketamine alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury. We investigated whether a single small dose of ketamine could attenuate lung injury induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) and, if so its underlying mechanisms.",
"Thirty male New ... | 0.5 mg/kg ketamine pretreatment showed significant protective effect on acute lung injury induced by HIR, which might be mediated by the NF-κB pathway. | yes |
21,872,816 | Does risk of post-vertebroplasty fracture in adjacent vertebral bodies appear correlated with the morphologic extent of bone cement? | {
"contexts": [
"New fractures in adjacent vertebral bodies were found after percutaneous vertebroplasty. We evaluated the correlation between extent of polymethylmethacrylate cement and occurrence of post-vertebroplasty fractures in patients with osteoporosis.",
"Totally 162 adjacent vertebral bodies with no... | Our study revealed that the risk of subsequent fracture in the adjacent vertebral bodies was correlated with the extent of bone cement after vertebroplasty. Preventive measures can be taken from this observation to reduce the percentage of post-vertebroplasty fracture in adjacent vertebral bodies. | yes |
21,870,922 | Do atypical antipsychotics cause an acute increase in cutaneous hand blood flow in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical studies suggest resting thermoregulatory cutaneous vasomotor tone could be increased in schizophrenia, resulting in reduced hand blood flow. In animal models, atypical antipsychotics including clozapine potently inhibit sympathetic neural outflow to the thermoregulatory cutaneous vascula... | Atypical antipsychotics were associated with increased hand blood flow, consistent with inhibition of thermoregulatory sympathetic outflow to the cutaneous vascular bed in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. This increase correlated with symptom severity. Hand temperature increase following antips... | yes |
21,883,182 | Does rapamycin suppress axon sprouting by somatostatin interneurons in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy? | {
"contexts": [
"In temporal lobe epilepsy many somatostatin interneurons in the dentate gyrus die. However, some survive and sprout axon collaterals that form new synapses with granule cells. The functional consequences of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic synaptic reorganization are unclear. Development of new me... | These findings suggest that rapamycin suppressed axon sprouting by surviving somatostatin/GFP-positive interneurons after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in GIN mice. It is unclear whether the effect of rapamycin on axon length was on interneurons directly or secondary, for example, by suppressing growth of gran... | yes |
21,900,714 | Do liver interleukin-8 messenger RNA expression and interferon sensitivity-determining region mutations relate to treatment response in hepatitis C 1b? | {
"contexts": [
"In vitro study has shown that mechanisms for inhibiting interferon (IFN)-α antiviral action by non-structural 5A protein include interaction with IFN-induced RNA-dependent protein kinase and induction of interleukin (IL)-8 expression. Mutations in the non-structural 5A IFN sensitivity-determining... | SVR to combination therapy in hepatitis C 1b patients was associated with down-regulated hepatic IL-8 mRNA expression and ISDR mutations. Fibrosis scores and alanine aminotransferase levels were predictive of hepatic IL-8 mRNA expression. | yes |
21,883,184 | Are polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased accumulation of fat results from an imbalance between energy expenditure and intake, being modulated by different environmental and genetic factors. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial carrier proteins able to spend energy generating heat. Therefore, variations in these genes a... | Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene (rs660339 and rs659366) were associated with central obesity. This study shows association between the UCP2 gene and the susceptibility to obesity and body fat distribution in a south European population. | yes |
21,888,931 | Does cross talk between smooth muscle cells and monocytes/activated monocytes via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis augment expression of pro-atherogenic molecules? | {
"contexts": [
"In atherosclerotic lesions, fractalkine (CX3CL1) and its receptor (CX3CR1) expressed by smooth muscle cells (SMC) and monocytes/macrophages, mediate the heterotypic anchorage and chemotaxis of these cells. We questioned whether, during the close interaction of monocytes with SMC, the CX3CL1/CX3CR... | The cross-talk between SMC and monocytes augments the inflammatory response in both cell types as revealed by the increased expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, CX3CR1 and MMPs. Up-regulation of TNFα, CX3CR1 and MMP-9 is further increased upon interaction of SMC with activated monocytes and is dependent on fractalkine/CXRC... | yes |
21,881,356 | Is female gender an independent prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer : a meta-analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"It is not clear whether women with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) live significantly longer than men. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of published studies to quantitatively compare NSCLC survival data between genders.",
"A MEDLINE Web search for computer-archived bibliographic data reg... | This meta-analysis of published data concerning NSCLC patients indicated significantly better survival for women. | yes |
21,876,351 | Does adsorptive modulation of inflammatory mediators dampen endothelial cell activation? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study, the effect of specific or selective adsorption of inflammatory mediators on endothelial activation was assessed.",
"Conditioned medium was obtained by stimulation of monocytic THP-1 cells with lipopolysaccharide and treated either with an adsorbent specific for tumour necrosis ... | Adsorptive modulation of inflammatory mediators dampens endothelial cell activation and may thus be beneficial as supportive therapy in sepsis. | yes |
21,890,777 | Does incarceration predict virologic failure for HIV-infected injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Incarceration may lead to interruptions in antiretroviral therapy (ART) for persons receiving treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We assessed whether incarceration and subsequent release were associated with virologic failure for injection drug users (IDUs) who were previo... | Among IDUs achieving viral suppression while receiving ART, virologic failure occurred with high frequency and was strongly associated with brief incarceration. Efforts should be made to ensure continuity of care both during and after incarceration to improve treatment outcomes and prevent viral resistance in this vuln... | yes |
21,875,755 | Does intracoronary ECG during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction predict microvascular obstruction and infarct size? | {
"contexts": [
"Microvascular obstruction (MVO) following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with larger infarct size and an increased mortality. Although angiographic predictors of MVO in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (primary-PCI) setting have been identified, an earl... | Intracoronary ST-segment resolution is a strong in-lab predictor of MVO assessed 4 days after STEMI on CMR. Furthermore, IC-STR correlates with infarct size and left ventricular remodelling at 3 months. Further studies are required to understand potential clinical utility of this tool. | yes |
21,873,923 | Does inferior field loss increase rate of falls in older adults with glaucoma? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the visual predictors of falls and injurious falls among older adults with glaucoma.",
"Prospective falls data were collected for 71 community-dwelling adults with primary open-angle glaucoma (mean age, 73.9 ± 5.7 years) for 1 year using monthly falls diaries. Baseline assessment o... | Falls are common among older adults with glaucoma and occur more frequently in those with greater visual impairment, particularly in the inferior field region. This finding highlights the importance of the inferior visual field region in falls risk and assists in identifying older adults with glaucoma at risk of future... | yes |
21,899,759 | Is the putative Notch ligand HyJagged a transmembrane protein present in all cell types of adult Hydra and upregulated at the boundary between bud and parent? | {
"contexts": [
"The Notch signalling pathway is conserved in pre-bilaterian animals. In the Cnidarian Hydra it is involved in interstitial stem cell differentiation and in boundary formation during budding. Experimental evidence suggests that in Hydra Notch is activated by presenilin through proteolytic cleavage... | The putative Notch ligand HyJagged is conserved in Cnidarians. Together with HvNotch it may be involved in the formation of the parent-bud boundary in Hydra. Moreover, protein distribution of both, HvNotch receptor and HyJagged indicate a more widespread function for these two transmembrane proteins in the adult hydra,... | yes |
21,879,273 | Is intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( ICAM-1 ) upregulated in aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is implicated in carcinogenesis. In this study we examined the expression of ICAM-1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). We hypothesized that ICAM-1 correlates with indicators of tumor aggressiveness in PTC.",
"Thirty-five primary and metastatic PTCs, ... | ICAM-1 expression is upregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, ICAM-1 upregulation correlated with aggressive tumor features such as BRAF V600E mutation, ETE, and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that ICAM-1 plays a role in thyroid cancer progression. | yes |
21,887,369 | Is iL-17A expression localised to both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear synovial cell infiltrates? | {
"contexts": [
"This study examines the expression of IL-17A-secreting cells within the inflamed synovium and the relationship to in vivo joint hypoxia measurements.",
"IL-17A expression was quantified in synovial tissue (ST), serum and synovial fluid (SF) by immunohistochemistry and MSD-plex assays. IL-6 SF... | This study demonstrates IL-17A expression is localised to several immune cell subtypes within the inflamed synovial tissue, further supporting the concept that IL-17A is a key mediator in inflammatory arthritis. The association of hypoxia with Il-17A expression appears to be indirect, probably through hypoxia-induced p... | yes |
21,887,363 | Does heterogeneity in SDF-1 expression define the vasculogenic potential of adult cardiac progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The adult myocardium has been reported to harbor several classes of multipotent progenitor cells (CPCs) with tri-lineage differentiation potential. It is not clear whether c-kit+CPCs represent a uniform precursor population or a more complex mixture of cell types.",
"To characterize and under... | Clonogenic c-kit+, sca-1+ CPCs are heterogeneous in morphology, gene expression patterns and differentiation potential. Clone-specific levels of SDF-1 expression both predict and promote development of a vasculogenic phenotype via a previously unreported autocrine mechanism. | yes |
21,887,902 | Is insulin resistance associated with increased cardiovascular risk in Asian Indians with normal glucose tolerance -- the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study ( CURES-66 )? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to assess the association of Insulin Resistance [IR] assessed by Homeostasis Assessment model (HOMA-IR) with cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance [NGT] in Asian Indians.",
"This cross-sectional study recruited subjects from the Chennai... | Among Asian Indians who are known to have high risk of premature coronary artery disease and diabetes, a significant association exists between insulin resistance with cardiovascular risk factors even among NGT subjects. | yes |
21,893,085 | Do spiritual and religious identities predict the use of complementary and alternative medicine among US adults? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether spiritual and religious identities predict complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use above and beyond other known influences such as gender, region of residence, social status, personality, health, and access to conventional medicine.",
"Analyzing data from the 199... | After controlling for established predictors including educational attainment, personality, social support, and access to conventional medicine, the present study demonstrates that spirituality and religiousness are associated, in unique ways, with CAM use. Additional research on this topic is clearly warranted. | yes |
12,528,108 | Is the effect of HLA-DR on susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis influenced by the associated lymphotoxin alpha-tumor necrosis factor haplotype? | {
"contexts": [
"HLA-DRB1, a major genetic determinant of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is located within 1,000 kb of the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Because certain HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes increase susceptibility to RA, investigation of the role of the TNF gene is complicated by linkag... | These findings suggest that the MHC contains genetic elements outside the LTA-TNF region that modify the effect of HLA-DRB1 on susceptibility to RA. | yes |
12,547,848 | Does serum ACE predict severe hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether risk of severe hypoglycemia is related to serum (S) ACE level during intensive treatment in type 1 diabetic children.",
"A cohort of 86 intensively treated type 1 diabetic patients was studied during 1999-2000. In 1999, the age range was 7-19 years (median 12.8), diabet... | The elevated rate of severe hypoglycemia among patients with higher S-ACE suggests, among other factors, that a genetic determinant for severe hypoglycemia exists. Further evaluation is needed before the clinical usefulness of this test can be elucidated. | yes |
12,547,847 | Does acarbose improve glycemic control in overweight type 2 diabetic patients insufficiently treated with metformin? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the efficacy and safety of acarbose as add-on therapy in overweight type 2 patients with diabetes inadequately controlled by metformin.",
"This study adopted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group design. After a 4-week placebo run-in period... | The addition of acarbose to metformin monotherapy provides an efficacious and safe alternative for glycemic improvement in overweight type 2 patients inadequately controlled by metformin alone. | yes |
12,539,702 | Do [ Extract of cemental matrix enhance periodontal cells bind to the root surface ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether the extract of cemental matrix can enhance periodontal cells binding to the root surfaces.",
"Healthy human gingiva and periodontal ligament were acquired from patients, then gingival fibroblasts and periodontal cells were cultured in vitro. On the other hand, extract o... | The extract of cemental matrix can enhance the initial attachment of HGF and HPC on the root surface. | yes |
12,545,009 | Is plasma concentration of Gc-globulin associated with organ dysfunction and sepsis after injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical and experimental studies suggest that the proteins of the extracellular actin scavenger system have a role in the pathophysiological processes taking place in critically ill and injured patients. Circulating levels of Gc-globulin and gelsolin are reduced shortly after severe trauma, and ... | Admission plasma concentration of Gc-globulin is lower in patients who develop organ dysfunction and sepsis after traumatic injury. These data, combined with the work of others, support the hypothesis that actin release and depletion of the extracellular actin scavenger system proteins are associated with, and may cont... | yes |
12,539,229 | Is r726L androgen receptor mutation uncommon in prostate cancer families in the united states? | {
"contexts": [
"A mutation in the androgen receptor (AR) gene, namely AR R726L, was described in 2% of Finnish men with sporadic or familial prostate cancer and was associated with an approximately sixfold increased risk of prostate cancer. We set out to determine the incidence of this mutation in a sample of me... | The AR R726L allele does not account for a significant proportion of early-onset and/or familial prostate cancer in the United States. | yes |
12,528,109 | Does laser-mediated microdissection facilitate analysis of area-specific gene expression in rheumatoid synovium? | {
"contexts": [
"Current approaches to analyzing gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium are based on RNA isolated either from cultured synovial cells or from synovial biopsy specimens. This strategy does not, in general, allow distinction of specific gene expression between cells originating from d... | The combination of LMM and RAP-PCR presents a valuable tool to obtain novel insights into the area-dependent differential regulation of gene expression in RA synovium. Both known and previously unknown genes were revealed with this technique. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of this analytic strateg... | yes |
12,538,144 | Does vacuum-assisted venous drainage increase the neurological risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD) with negative pressure applied to integral sealed-hardshell venous reservoir facilitates valvular surgery through minimally invasive approaches. Despite concerns regarding air entrainment from the right atrium, cerebral microemboli of air and neurological co... | VAVD is a useful adjunct to modern cardiopulmonary bypass systems. When used with appropriate care, VAVD does not appear to significantly increase air microemboli and is not associated with an increased neurological risk following valvular surgery. | no |
12,535,042 | Does rapid emergence explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children : a comparison with propofol? | {
"contexts": [
"Emergence agitation in children is frequently associated with the use of the new highly insoluble volatile anaesthetics. Rapid emergence has been cited as one of the possible causes. Propofol also permits rapid emergence from general anaesthesia but is not associated with agitation.",
"The em... | Although both sevoflurane and propofol allow for rapid emergence from general anaesthesia, only sevoflurane is associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation in infants and young children. Rapid emergence does not fully explain this phenomena. | no |
12,540,396 | Are differences in resting metabolic rate between paraplegic and able-bodied subjects explained by differences in body composition? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known about the relation between body composition and energy metabolism in paraplegia.",
"We investigated the relation between body composition and energy metabolism in healthy paraplegics as compared with able-bodied control subjects. We hypothesized that paraplegics would have low... | FFM, BCM, and RMR, but not obligatory TEF, are lower in paraplegics than in control subjects. RMR does not differ between control and paraplegic subjects after adjustment for FFM, indicating similar metabolic activity in the fat-free compartment of the body. | yes |
12,529,740 | Does pretreatment with oral anticoagulants decrease platelet activation in patients before and after percutaneous coronary intervention? | {
"contexts": [
"Platelet activation plays a major role in acute vessel closure after coronary angioplasty. In the randomized Balloon Angioplasty and Anticoagulation Study (BAAS), pretreatment with oral anticoagulants in addition to aspirin resulted in a 47% reduction of acute complications as compared with aspir... | Pretreatment with oral anticoagulants resulted in less activated platelets before and after coronary angioplasty, which is in agreement with its clinical effect of reducing procedural complications. Platelet function was not affected by oral anticoagulants. | yes |
12,545,075 | Does latent HIV-1 reactivation in transgenic mice require cell cycle -dependent demethylation of CREB/ATF sites in the LTR? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously produced a line of transgenic mice that carried the HIV-1 genome deficient in the gene. Although the HIV-1 genome in the lymphocytes was dormant under normal physiological conditions, it could be reactivated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration via induction of interleukin-1al... | These observations indicate that cell cycle progression-dependent demethylation of the CREB/ATF sites in the LTR is crucial for the reactivation of latent HIV-1 genome in transgenic mice. | yes |
12,542,599 | Does impaired gallbladder mucosal function in aged gallstone patients suppress gallstone recurrence after successful extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Absorption of water, as well as emptying of bile, are important functions of the gallbladder. We studied the changes of gallbladder function with age in gallstone patients and their influence on the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL).",
"(i) A total of 123 consecutive pati... | Our data suggest that the reduced concentrating function of the gallbladder in elderly gallstone patients helps to counteract stone recurrence despite their abnormal gallbladder motility. Therefore, aged gallstone patients may be preferentially treated by a non-surgical strategy. | yes |
12,542,597 | Is c-kit gene mutation at exon 17 or 13 very rare in sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the human gut. They frequently have gain-of-function mutations of the c-kit gene, which encodes a receptor, tyrosine kinase. The mutations were found at exon 11 in most cases, and either at exon 9 or at exon 13 in ra... | The mutation at exons 17 or 13 was considered to be very rare in sporadic GIST. | yes |
12,537,220 | Does low-dose oral amiodarone prophylaxis reduce atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection? | {
"contexts": [
"Atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection increases morbidity and costs. To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose oral amiodarone (LDOA) as prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection, we reviewed all patients 60 years or older having pulmonary resections by thoracotomy in a 30-... | LDOA prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection. Its use in this population may be cost-effective. Results of this pilot study provide a rationale for a prospective randomized trial. | yes |
12,537,225 | Does intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow induce long-term acceptance of lung allografts? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow at the time of transplantation induced long-term acceptance of lung allografts.",
"Four- to-six-week-old August Copenhagen Irish (ACI) and Wistar Furth (WF) rats were used as donors and recipients, respectively. After being ... | Intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow at the time of transplantation along with a short course of tacrolimus induces long-term acceptance of lung allografts in rats. This simple approach of tolerance induction may have clinical application. | yes |
12,556,017 | Is use of a paper disposable cup as a spacer effective for the first-aid management of asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"There are many settings in which a spacer device is not available for the administration of bronchodilator. Therefore, we tested whether a paper disposable cup is as effective as a commercially produced spacer to administer bronchodilator.",
"Randomised controlled trial. 50 subjects aged 16-5... | A paper disposable cup was effective for the reversal of mild to moderate bronchoconstriction. Therefore, a paper disposable cup can be used for the first-aid management of asthma when there is concern about cross-infection and a commercially produced spacer is not available. | yes |
12,548,299 | Is prevalence of risk of undernutrition associated with poor health status in older people in the UK? | {
"contexts": [
"To establish the prevalence of the risk of undernutrition, using criteria similar to those used by the Malnutrition Advisory Group (MAG), in people aged 65 y and over, and to identify relationships between risk of undernutrition and health and demographic characteristics.",
"A cross-sectional... | A substantial proportion of the older population of the UK is at risk of undernutrition. High-risk subjects are more likely to have poorer health status. It is unlikely that the individuals at high risk are being detected currently, and therefore effective care is not being provided, either in the community or in insti... | yes |
12,548,312 | Do adult coeliac patients do tolerate large amounts of oats? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to investigate whether adult patients with coeliac disease in remission could include large amounts of oats in their daily gluten-free diet for an extended period of time without adverse effects.",
"Twenty adult coeliac patients in remission included large amo... | Results from this study indicate that adult patients with coeliac disease in remission can include large amounts of controlled wheat-free rolled oats for an extended period of time without adverse effects. | yes |
12,548,313 | Does plant sterol-enriched spread enhance the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of a plant sterol-enriched spread on plasma cholesterol concentrations when replacing butter or a standard polyunsaturated spread in a diet containing 30% of energy fat.",
"Parallel butter phase followed by double-blind, randomized, cross-over polyunsaturated spread ph... | In people with moderately raised plasma cholesterol concentrations consuming reduced-fat diets the reduction in plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations achieved by replacing butter with a polyunsaturated spread is enhanced by addition of plant sterols. | yes |
12,548,315 | Are tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol absorbed from moderate and sustained doses of virgin olive oil in humans? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the absorption of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol from moderate and sustained doses of virgin olive oil consumption. The study also aimed to investigate whether these phenolic compounds could be used as biomarkers of virgin olive oil intake.",
"Ingestion of a single dose of virgin o... | Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol are absorbed from realistic doses of virgin olive oil. With regard to the dose-effect relationship, 24 h urinary tyrosol seems to be a better biomarker of sustained and moderate doses of virgin olive oil consumption than hydroxytyrosol. | yes |
12,530,927 | Do phage annealing proteins promote oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis in Escherichia coli and mouse ES cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The phage protein pairs, RecE/RecT from Rac or Redalpha/Redbeta from lambda, initiate efficient double strand break repair (DSBR) in Escherichia coli that has proven very useful for DNA engineering. These phage pairs initiate DSBR either by annealing or by another mechanism that is not defined.",... | Phage annealing proteins can initiate the recombination of single stranded oligonucleotides into endogenous targets in Escherichia coli at very high efficiencies. This expands the repertoire of useful DNA engineering strategies, shows promise for applications in eukaryotic cells, and has implications for the unanswered... | yes |
12,557,152 | Does circulating bile salt-dependent lipase originate from the pancreas via intestinal transcytosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Bile salt-dependent lipase (BSDL) has been detected in human blood, where it is assumed to play a substantial role in atherosclerosis. The origin of this circulating enzyme is unknown. The aim of this study was to show that blood BSDL originates from pancreatic exocrine secretions via a transcyto... | These in vivo data show that BSDL, normally present in blood, originates from exocrine pancreatic secretion and support the pathophysiologic relevance of BSDL transcytosis through the intestinal mucosa cell lining. Based on this, the implication of circulating BSDL in atherosclerosis merits careful attention. | yes |
12,538,435 | Do interleukin-6-deficient mice resist development of autoimmune myocarditis associated with impaired upregulation of complement C3? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin (IL)-6 regulates various aspects of the immune response. In the context of heart diseases, it has been recognized as a prognostic factor for dilated cardiomyopathy, which often results from myocarditis.",
"Using IL-6-deficient mice, we studied the role of IL-6 in a model of autoim... | Our results demonstrate that IL-6 is required for the expansion of autoimmune CD4+ T cells and the pathogenesis of autoimmune myocarditis, possibly by upregulation of complement C3. | yes |
12,537,048 | Is implicit memory for words presented in short texts preserved in Alzheimer 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The level of efficiency of implicit memory in Alzheimer's disease remains unclear as previous studies using stem completion tasks have led to contradictory results.",
"The present study used target words embedded in significant short texts that subjects were required to read aloud (i.e. to en... | The absence of a correlation between priming and recognition scores suggests that this result cannot be explained by an explicit memory bias. Moreover, as the priming level was identical whatever the perceptual aspect of the text, we suggest that the priming effect is not only mediated by perceptual processes but also ... | yes |
12,546,741 | Does [ Glycocorticosteroid administration prevent fulminant hepatic failure occurrence in patients with chronic hepatitis B of severe degree ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To prevent chronic severe hepatitis, even more fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) occurrence in patients with chronic hepatitis B of severe degree using steroid.",
"120 patients were randomized into conventional supporting treatment and steroid treatment groups. The latter, 62 patients were give... | These results suggest that steroid administration with improved support care not only is likely to prevent chronic severe hepatitis occurrence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis of severe degree, but also shows some efficacy for FHF, which warrant further investigation. | yes |
12,540,016 | Is rDP58 , a locally active TNF inhibitor , effective in the dextran sulphate mouse model of chronic colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"RDP58 is a novel anti-inflammatory peptide that inhibits TNF synthesis and upregulates heme oxygenase-1. RDP58 therapy was evaluated in the dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) model of chronic colitis.",
"Colitis was induced by giving DSS to mice (n = 8 animals/group). Toxicity studies were done in... | Therapeutic efficacy of RDP58 combined with a lack of bioavailibility and toxicity suggest that RDP58 may be a promising new therapeutic for IBD. | yes |
12,549,694 | Does neutrophil elastase inhibitor reduce hepatic metastases induced by ischaemia-reperfusion in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the possibility in rats that ONO-5046 Na, a new recombinant inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, can reduce hepatic metastases induced by ischaemia-reperfusion.",
"Laboratory experimental study.",
"Research laboratory, Japan.",
"Male Fischer rats.",
"Rats underwent 60 ... | Neutrophil elastase may have an important role in increasing haematogenous liver metastases by ischaemia-reperfusion, particularly in unclamped lobes. | yes |
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