pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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21,895,524 | Does chronic exercise preserve renal structure and hemodynamics in spontaneously hypertensive rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Exercise training (ExT) is a recommended adjunct to many pharmaceutical antihypertensive therapies. The effects of chronic ExT on the development of hypertension-induced renal injury remain unknown. We examined whether ExT would preserve renal hemodynamics and structure in the spontaneously hyper... | Chronic ExT preserves renal hemodynamics and structure in SHR; these effects are partially mediated by improved redox status and decreased inflammation. | yes |
21,874,604 | Does symptoms of sleep apnoea in chronic heart failure -- result from a prospective cohort study in 1,500 patients? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with chronic heart failure, sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common co-morbidity worsening prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether assessment of specific symptoms can elucidate presence of SDB in these patients.",
"A prospective questionnaire scoring inves... | Although in chronic heart failure patients with either OSA or CSA specific symptoms are apparent, combining clinical data, demographic data, and capillary blood gas analysis results appears favourable to determine the presence of SDB. | yes |
21,874,605 | Does spiritual wellbeing mediate PTSD change in veterans with military-related PTSD? | {
"contexts": [
"A portable practice of repeating a mantram-a sacred word or phrase-has been shown to reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in veterans with military trauma. It is thought that the intervention re-directs attention and initiates relaxation to decrease symptom severit... | Findings suggest that one contributing mechanism that partially explains how the mantram intervention reduces PTSD symptom severity in veterans may be by increasing levels of ESWB. | yes |
21,887,337 | Is differential subcellular localization of the splice variants of the zinc transporter ZnT5 dictated by the different C-terminal regions? | {
"contexts": [
"Zinc is emerging as an important intracellular signaling molecule, as well as fulfilling essential structural and catalytic functions through incorporation in a myriad of zinc metalloproteins so it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of zinc homeostasis, including the subcellular l... | We thus propose that exons 15 to 17 include a signal that results in trafficking of ZnT5 to the Golgi apparatus and that the 3' end of exon 14 includes a signal that leads to retention in the ER. | yes |
21,887,331 | Are overexpression of the HIF hydroxylases PHD1 , PHD2 , PHD3 and FIH individually and collectively unfavorable prognosticators for NSCLC survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxia induced factors (HIFs) are at the heart of the adaptive mechanisms cancer cells must implement for survival. HIFs are regulated by four hydroxylases; Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)-1,-2,-3 and factor inhibiting HIF (FIH). We aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of these oxygen sensors in ... | HIF hydroxylases are, in general, poor prognosticators for NSCLC survival. PHD1 and PHD2 are independent negative prognostic factors in NSCLC. Moreover, there is an additive poor prognostic impact by an increasing number of highly expressed HIF hydroxylases. | yes |
21,887,333 | Does aconitase regulation of erythropoiesis correlate with a novel licensing function in erythropoietin-induced ERK signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Erythroid development requires the action of erythropoietin (EPO) on committed progenitors to match red cell output to demand. In this process, iron acts as a critical cofactor, with iron deficiency blunting EPO-responsiveness of erythroid progenitors. Aconitase enzymes have recently been identif... | Direct aconitase inhibition interferes with erythropoiesis in vivo and in vitro, confirming a lineage-selective regulatory role involving its enzymatic activity. This inhibition spares metabolic function but impedes EPO-induced ERK signaling and disturbs a newly identified ERK-aconitase physical interaction. We propose... | yes |
21,899,666 | Do autoantibodies in Sjögren 's syndrome patients acutely inhibit muscarinic receptor function? | {
"contexts": [
"Autoantibodies from the sera of Sjögren's syndrome patients (SS IgG) have been suggested to inhibit muscarinic receptor function. However, the acute nature of such an inhibitory effect remains controversial. In this study, we investigated the acute effects of SS IgG on muscarinic receptor functio... | SS IgG acutely and reversibly inhibited muscarinic receptor function, thereby inhibiting the Ca(2+) mobilization necessary for the activation of K(+) currents and α-fodrin reorganization in HSG cells. | yes |
21,893,134 | Is inflammatory bowel disease associated with poor outcomes of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known about the exact etiology of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC); epidemiologic data are scarce. We performed a population-based epidemiologic study of PSC in Canterbury, New Zealand.",
"By using multiple case-finding methods, we searched public and private adult and pediatric... | In a population-based epidemiology study of PSC in Canterbury, New Zealand, we observed large differences between PSC patients with or without concurrent IBD in age at diagnosis, development of cancer, mortality, and requirement for liver transplantation. IBD therefore affects outcomes of patients with PSC, an importan... | yes |
21,895,507 | Is spasticity of the gastrosoleus muscle related to the development of reduced passive dorsiflexion of the ankle in children with cerebral palsy : a registry analysis of 2,796 examinations in 355 children? | {
"contexts": [
"Spasticity and muscle contracture are two common manifestations of cerebral palsy (CP). A spastic muscle may inhibit growth in length of the muscle, but the importance of this relationship is not known. In 1994, a register and a healthcare program for children with CP in southern Sweden were init... | Spasticity is related to the development of muscle contracture. In the treatment of children with CP, the spasticity, contracture, and strength of the gastrosoleus muscle must be considered together. | yes |
21,882,589 | Do [ A case of button battery-induced corneal and conjunctive burn injury and experimental findings of local damage ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To report a case of button battery-induced alkaline burn injury of the cornea and conjunctiva, with experimental findings of local damage.",
"A three-year-old girl had a hard and polished white opacity on the nasal lower cornea and conjunctival injection, caused by a button battery remaining ... | The cornea and conjunctiva of the patient were damaged by continuous exposure to alkaline solution (concentrated NaOH) after the button battery had entered the lacrimal sac causing fixation by chemosis. The recent development of smaller batteries increases the risk of similar accidents. Button battery-induced burn inju... | yes |
21,897,114 | Are basal STAT3 activities negatively correlated with tumor size in papillary thyroid carcinomas? | {
"contexts": [
"Signal transducer and activators of transcription-3 (STAT3) plays a critical role in promoting survival and cell growth as well as facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis in several cancers.",
"This investigation focused on evaluation of STAT3 activities in human papillary thyroid cancers (P... | STAT3 activities of PTC measured via DNA binding are suppressed in contrast to other human cancers. Tumor size larger than 2 cm is the only clinicopathologic parameter associated with low STAT3 activity. Moreover, tumor size appears inversely correlated with STAT3 activity, specifically in T1799A BRAF mutation-positive... | yes |
21,888,016 | Does centrifugation after irradiation of red blood cells accelerate haemolysis? | {
"contexts": [
"For intrauterine transfusion and some other rare indications, irradiation and washing or adjustment to an elevated haematocrit is necessary. No data are currently available indicating whether irradiation of red blood cell concentrates (RBCs) might impair the mechanical stability of erythrocytes d... | There is no difference in the haemolysis caused by centrifugation between irradiated and non-irradiated RBCs. However, it is well known that washing RBCs after irradiation significantly lowers the potassium content. Summarising these two findings leads to the conclusion that it is optimal first to irradiate and then to... | no |
21,875,650 | Does the antimicrobial peptide arenicin-1 promote generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Arenicin-1, a 21-residue antimicrobial peptide, is known to exert significant broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity without cytotoxicity in mammalian cells except at high concentration. However, the mechanism of fungal cell death by arenicin-1 is weakly understood.",
"We confirmed an increase... | Cells exposed to arenicin-1 showed an increase in the production of ROS and cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals, which are the major factors of apoptosis. The increase in ROS was due to mitochondrial dysfunction caused by arenicin-1. We confirmed that arenicin-1 induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and also triggered ... | yes |
21,888,292 | Does [ Intrauterine stress impair spatial learning in the progeny of Wistar rats ]? | {
"contexts": [
"Prenatal stress is a group of psychophysiological responses that a pregnant female shows when confronting by a threatening situation. This produces neurochemical changes that may affect hippocampal development of the offspring.",
"To analyze the effects of intrauterine stress on spatial learn... | Intrauterine stress impairs hippocampal function during postnatal development. The knowledge of deleterious effects of intrauterine stress may be helpful in establishing primary prevention strategies of pregnant women exposed to this risk factor. | yes |
21,897,776 | Is membrane level of omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid associated with severity of obstructive sleep apnea? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a major component of neural tissues, and supplementation with fish oils improves autonomic tone and reduces risk for CVD. A link between low DHA ... | These findings suggest that disordered membrane fatty acid patterns may play a causal role in OSA and that the assessment of RBC DHA levels might help in the diagnosis of OSA. The effects of DHA supplementation on OSA should be explored. | yes |
21,871,106 | Is an intronic SNP in the thyroid hormone receptor β gene associated with pituitary cell-specific over-expression of a mutant thyroid hormone receptor β2 ( R338W ) in the index case of pituitary-selective resistance to thyroid hormone? | {
"contexts": [
"The syndrome of resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) is caused by mutations in the thyroid hormone receptor β gene (THRB). The syndrome varies from asymptomatic to diffuse hypothyroidism, to pituitary-selective resistance with predominance of hyperthyroid signs and symptoms. The wide spectrum of c... | The combined coding mutation and non-coding SNP therefore generate a tissue-specific dominant-negative condition recapitulating the patient's peculiar phenotype. This case illustrates the role of regulatory regions in modifying the clinical presentation of genetic diseases. | yes |
21,871,105 | Does cyclophilin A enhance cell proliferation and tumor growth of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Cyclophilin A (CypA) expression is associated with malignant phenotypes in many cancers. However, the role and mechanisms of CypA in liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) are not presently known. In this study, we investigated the expression of CypA in CCA tumor tissues and CCA cell lin... | CypA is upregulated in majority of CCA patients' tissues and confers a significant growth advantage in CCA cells. Suppression of CypA expression decreases proliferation of CCA cell lines in vitro and reduces tumor growth in the nude mouse model. Inhibition of CypA activity also reduces CCA cell proliferation. The ERK1/... | yes |
21,888,645 | Do socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity independently predict health decline among older diabetics? | {
"contexts": [
"There are pervasive racial and socioeconomic differences in health status among older adults with type 2 diabetes. The extent to which racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities unfold to differential health outcomes has yet to be investigated among older adults with diabetes. This study examine... | The author found that race/ethnicity and some socioeconomic indicators were independent predictors of health decline among older adults with diabetes. | yes |
21,885,898 | Does mechanical-tactile stimulation ( MTS ) intervention in a neonatal stress model improve long-term outcomes on bone? | {
"contexts": [
"Neonatal stress impairs postnatal bone mineralization. Evidence suggests that mechanical tactile stimulation (MTS) in early life decreases stress hormones and improves bone mineralization. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF1) is impacted by stress and essential to bone development. We hypothesized t... | MTS in early postnatal life improves long-term bone mineralization. IGF1 and related pathways may explain improved BMC. | yes |
21,885,910 | Do women with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction have diminished ankle and hip muscle performance? | {
"contexts": [
"Controlled laboratory study using a cross-sectional design.",
"To characterize ankle and hip muscle performance in women with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) and compare them to matched controls. We hypothesized that ankle plantar flexor strength, and hip extensor and abductor stre... | Women with PTTD demonstrated decreased ankle and hip muscle performance bilaterally. | yes |
21,875,478 | Does [ nm23-H1-siRNA enhance the chemosensitivity to liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel in lung adenocarcinoma cells in vitro ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the chemosensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 cells to liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel after treatment by nm23-H1-small interference RNA (nm23-H1-siRNA) in vitro.",
"The A549 cells were divided into two groups: non-transfected group and nm23-H1-siRNA-transfected group. ... | Nm23-H1 is related with the chemoresistance to liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel in lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549 cells. Inhibition of the expression of nm23-H1 by nm23-H1-siRNA can improve the in vitro chemosensitivity of A549 cells to liposome-encapsulated paclitaxel. | yes |
21,875,475 | Does [ Short-term intermittent prophylactic administration of recombinant human thrombopoietin attenuate chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in lung cancer patients ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the efficacy of short-term intermittent prophylactic use of a recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) in chemotherapy-induced severe thrombocytopenia in lung cancer patients.",
"24 advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who experienced severe thrombocytopenia in the... | Prophylactic use of rhTPO can attenuate the severity and shorten the duration of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in lung cancer patients. | yes |
21,892,882 | Does maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation protect against lipopolysaccharide-induced white matter injury in the neonatal rat brain? | {
"contexts": [
"Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is the predominant form of brain injury in premature infants, and no specific treatment currently exists for this condition. We have evaluated whether maternal omega-3 fatty acid (ω3 FA) treatment reduces endotoxin-induced PVL in the developing rat brain.",
... | Considering that no specific treatment is available for PVL, maternal ω3 FA supplementation may provide a nutritional strategy to limit periventricular white matter damage caused by infections during pregnancy. | yes |
21,890,811 | Does cell surface proteomics identify glucose transporter type 1 and prion protein as candidate biomarkers for colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression? | {
"contexts": [
"Early detection of colon adenomas at high risk of progression and early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) is an effective approach to reduce CRC death rates. Current screening methods lack specificity as they detect many adenomas that will never progress to CRC. The authors aimed to identify cell sur... | This study revealed glucose transporter type 1, prion protein and 42 other cell surface candidate biomarkers for adenoma-to-carcinoma progression that could potentially serve as targets for emerging molecular imaging modalities like optical imaging, ¹⁹F-MRI and positron emission tomography. | yes |
21,884,573 | Does β1 integrin mediate an alternative survival pathway in breast cancer cells resistant to lapatinib? | {
"contexts": [
"The overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 in 20% of human breast cancers and its association with aggressive growth has led to widespread use of HER2-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab (T) and lapatinib (L). Despite the success of these drugs, their efficacy is lim... | Our data suggest that HER2 activity, which is suppressed in resistance involving L but not T alone, dictates whether β1 mediates an alternative pathway driving resistance. Our findings justify clinical studies investigating the inhibition of β1 or its downstream signaling moieties as strategies to overcome acquired L a... | yes |
21,885,626 | Does telomere dysfunction cause sustained inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with chronic inflammation of unknown pathogenesis.",
"To investigate whether telomere dysfunction and senescence of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (P-ECs) induce inflammation in COPD.",
"Prospective comparison of patients wi... | Telomere dysfunction and premature P-EC senescence are major processes perpetuating lung inflammation in COPD. | yes |
21,896,159 | Does mononuclear cell therapy attenuate atherosclerosis in apoE KO mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have highlighted the potential of cell therapy for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mononuclear cell (MNC) therapy on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE KO) mouse.",
"We investigated vascular li... | MNC therapy attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis in the aortas of apoE KO mice. Our data provide evidence that the mechanism by which this attenuation occurs includes the homing of EPCs, a decrease in oxidative stress and an upregulation of eNOS expression. | yes |
21,883,326 | Are early clinical remission and normalisation of CRP the strongest predictors of efficacy , mucosal healing and dose escalation during the first year of adalimumab therapy in Crohn 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Adalimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting tumour necrosis factor with proven efficacy in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD).",
"To investigate the predictors of medium-term clinical efficacy and mucosal healing during adalimumab therapy, in patients with CD, in specialised ... | Clinical efficacy and normalised CRP at week 12 (early deep clinical remission) are associated with medium-term clinical efficacy and mucosal healing during adalimumab therapy, whereas need for combined immunosuppression at induction and smoking status are predictors for non-response. Parallel azathioprine therapy may ... | yes |
21,898,360 | Do th2 and regulatory immune reactions contribute to IgG4 production and the initiation of Mikulicz disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Mikulicz disease has been considered to be a subtype of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). However, recent studies have suggested that Mikulicz disease is an IgG4-related disease and is distinguishable from SS. In addition, it has been reported that both interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-10 induce IgG4 productio... | These results suggest that the pathogenesis of Mikulicz disease is different from that of SS. Mikulicz disease is a unique inflammatory disorder characterized by Th2 and regulatory immune reactions that might play key roles in IgG4 production. | yes |
21,873,663 | Is integrin β1 necessary for the maintenance of corneal structural integrity? | {
"contexts": [
"The precise role of a normal keratocyte in maintaining corneal structural integrity is unclear; it is generally considered to remain quiescent at the end of cell division. Given that integrins are essential for cell/extracellular matrix interactions, the authors tested the hypothesis that integri... | Loss of integrin β1 expression in keratocytes during the phase of stromal maturation results in corneal thinning and edema. Keratocyte-ECM interaction is essential for matrix maturation and thus in the maintenance of corneal structural integrity. This model has relevance in understanding corneal diseases such as kerato... | yes |
21,893,131 | Do decreasing levels of HBsAg predict HBsAg seroclearance in patients with inactive chronic hepatitis B virus infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) decrease gradually during chronic hepatitis B virus infection. We investigated the association between levels of HBsAg and HBsAg seroclearance.",
"We studied data from 46 patients who underwent spontaneous seroclearance of HBsAg (median age ... | The decrease in the level of HBsAg accelerates during the 3 years before HBsAg seroclearance. Levels of HBsAg of 200 IU/mL or less have high NPVs for HBsAg seroclearance; PPVs increase to 97% to 100% when combined with a 1 log IU/mL or more decrease in level of HBsAg over a 2-year period. | yes |
21,891,982 | Does sensitization to Bjerkandera adusta enhance severity of cough symptom in patients with fungus-associated chronic cough ( FACC )? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to clarify the influence of sensitization to Bjerkandera adusta (B. adusta) on the clinical manifestation in patients with fungus-associated chronic cough (FACC).",
"Seventeen patients with FACC who underwent bronchoprovocation tests using an antigenic solutio... | This study demonstrated that B. adusta, a basidiomycetous is an environmental fungus attracting attention because of its possible role in enhancing the cough severity of FACC patients via the sensitization to this fungus. | yes |
21,901,344 | Is cYP2B6 genotype a strong predictor of systemic exposure to efavirenz in HIV-infected Zimbabweans? | {
"contexts": [
"Efavirenz, an antiretroviral medicine, is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6), UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7), and CYP2A6. In this study, we investigated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes with plasma efavirenz levels in Zimbabwe... | Although based on only a limited number of subjects, our results suggest that the CYP2B6*6 and CYP2B6*18 alleles should affect hepatic metabolic activity and elevate the systemic circulation level of efavirenz, which may lead to toxicity in Zimbabwean HIV patients. | yes |
21,884,584 | Is the C242T polymorphism of the p22-phox gene ( CYBA ) associated with higher left ventricular mass in Brazilian hypertensive patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Reactive oxygen species have been implicated in the physiopathogenesis of hypertensive end-organ damage. This study investigated the impact of the C242T polymorphism of the p22-phox gene (CYBA) on left ventricular structure in Brazilian hypertensive subjects.",
"We cross-sectionally evaluated... | The T allele of the p22-phox C242T polymorphism is associated with higher left ventricular mass/height 2.7 and increased NADPH-oxidase activity in Brazilian hypertensive patients. These data suggest that genetic variation within NADPH-oxidase components may modulate left ventricular remodeling in subjects with systemic... | yes |
21,884,585 | Does nF-kappaB activation within macrophages lead to an anti-tumor phenotype in a mammary tumor lung metastasis model? | {
"contexts": [
"Metastasis from primary tumor to the lungs is a major cause of the mortality associated with breast cancer. Both immune and inflammatory responses impact whether circulating mammary tumor cells successfully colonize the lungs leading to established metastases. Nuclear factor -kappaB (NF-κB) trans... | Our results have identified a brief, defined window in which activation of NF-κB has significant anti-metastatic effects and inhibition of NF-κB results in a worse outcome. | yes |
21,893,929 | Is metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary characterized by advanced patient age , small tumor size , and elevated serum CA125? | {
"contexts": [
"An intraoperative diagnosis in cases with primary and metastatic ovarian carcinomas is important for adequate treatment. The aim of the present study was to find a reliable method to discriminate primary from metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas (MACs) of the ovary intraoperatively.",
"Clinica... | A more reliable method to discriminate primary from metastatic MACs of the ovary by patient age and serum tumor markers was derived from our study population. | yes |
21,883,945 | Does exercise training improve the defective centrally mediated erectile responses in rats with type I diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Erectile dysfunction is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus. Apart from the peripheral actions, central mechanisms are also responsible for the penile erection.",
"The goal of the present study was to determine the impact of exercise training (ExT) on the centrally mediated... | These results suggest that ExT may have beneficial effects on the erectile dysfunction in diabetes through improvement of NO bioavailability within the PVN. Thus, ExT may be used as therapeutic modality to up-regulate nNOS within the PVN and improve the central component of the erectile dysfunction in diabetes mellitus... | yes |
21,902,501 | Are genetic polymorphisms in CYP3A4 associated with withdrawal symptoms and adverse reactions in methadone maintenance patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Methadone maintenance therapy is one of the standard treatments for heroin addiction. The isozyme CYP3A4 of the CYP system is one of the metabolic enzymes, as well as CYP2B6, responsible for the metabolism of methadone. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential use of genetic poly... | These results suggested that genetic variants in the CYP3A4 gene may be useful indicators for the severity of side effects and withdrawal symptoms for methadone treatment. | yes |
21,901,859 | Is infection with multiple viruses associated with increased disease severity in children with bronchiolitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The clinical relevance of parallel detection of multiple viruses by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between the detection of multiple viruses by RT-PCR and disease severity in children with bronchiolitis.",
"Children less than... | Disease severity in children with bronchiolitis is not associated with infection by multiple viruses. We conclude that other factors, such as age, contribute to disease severity to a larger extent. | no |
21,872,888 | Do ethnicity and insurance status affect health disparities in patients with gallstone disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Complex gallstone disease is associated with greater risk of morbidity, associated with operative complications and longer hospital stays. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether ethnicity or insurance status is associated with differences in presentation and outcomes in gallstone diseas... | In our population, ethnicity and insurance status do play a role in the presentation and care of patients with gallstone disease. Latino and uninsured patients present with a higher complexity of disease and require interventions more frequently. | yes |
21,872,881 | Is pre-hospital hypothermia associated with increased survival after traumatic brain injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Conclusions from in vivo and in vitro studies suggest hypothermia may be protective in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Few studies evaluated the effect of admission temperature on outcomes. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between admission hypothermia and mortality in patie... | Although in-vivo and in-vitro studies demonstrate induced hypothermia may be protective in TBI, our study demonstrates that admission hypothermia was associated with increased mortality in isolated, blunt, moderate to severe TBI. Further prospective research is needed to elucidate the role of thermoregulation in patien... | no |
21,890,751 | Does viremia copy-years predict mortality among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Cross-sectional plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral load (VL) measures have proven invaluable for clinical and research purposes. However, cross-sectional VL measures fail to capture cumulative plasma HIV burden longitudinally. We evaluated the cumulative effect of exposure to HIV rep... | Viremia copy-years predicted all-cause mortality independent of traditional, cross-sectional VL measures and time-updated CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in ART-treated patients, suggesting cumulative HIV replication causes harm independent of its effect on the degree of immunodeficiency. | yes |
21,896,344 | Does hIF-1α induction suppress excessive lipid accumulation in alcoholic fatty liver in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic alcohol intake stimulates hepatic oxygen consumption and subsequently causes liver hypoxia, leading to activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). Although HIF-1 plays a crucial role in the metabolic switch from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism in response to hypoxia, its roles in th... | The current results provide direct evidence for protective roles of HIF-1 induction in the development of ethanol-induced fatty liver via activation of the HIF-1-regulated transcriptional repressor DEC1. | yes |
21,884,027 | Is chronic pretreatment of metformin associated with the reduction of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with diabetes mellitus after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Metformin is one of the most commonly prescribed antihyperglycemic agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about the effect of metformin on no-reflow in diabetic patients.",
"In this study, we investigated retrospectively whether chronic pretreatment with metform... | These results suggested that chronic pretreatment with metformin may be associated with the reduction of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients with diabetes mellitus after primary angioplasty for AMI. | yes |
21,876,294 | Does electrical stimulation improve gait in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Electrical stimulation (ES) of proximal muscles during gait training has not previously been reported as a management option for improving muscle tone and gait in spastic diplegic children.",
"To investigate the effects of simultaneous continuous ES of both hip abductors and adductors during ... | ES to the hip adductor and abductor muscles simultaneously at the sensor and motor levels, respectively, improved gait in spastic diplegic CP children. | yes |
21,887,342 | Are sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3 functionally upregulated on astrocytes under pro-inflammatory conditions? | {
"contexts": [
"Reactive astrocytes are implicated in the development and maintenance of neuroinflammation in the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS). The sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)/sphingosine1-phosphate (S1P) receptor signaling pathway is involved in modulation of the inflammatory response in many ... | In summary, our data demonstrate that the SphK1/S1P(3) signaling axis is upregulated when astrocytes are activated by LPS. This signaling pathway appears to play a role in the establishment and maintenance of astrocyte activation. Upregulation of the pathway in MS may be detrimental, e.g. through enhancing astrogliosis... | yes |
21,887,347 | Does early second-trimester serum miRNA profiling predict gestational diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one type of diabetes that presents during pregnancy and significantly increases the risk of a number of adverse consequences for the fetus and mother. The microRNAs (miRNA) have recently been demonstrated to abundantly and stably exist in serum and to be pot... | Serum miRNAs are differentially expressed between GDM women and controls and could be candidate biomarkers for predicting GDM. The utility of miR-29a, miR-222 and miR-132 as serum-based non-invasive biomarkers warrants further evaluation and optimization. | yes |
21,895,499 | Is preoperative lateral subluxation of the patella a predictor of poor early outcome of Oxford phase-III medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty? | {
"contexts": [
"There is disagreement in the literature about the importance of patellofemoral joint degeneration and knee pain for the outcome of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). We therefore investigated the importance of selected predictors including patellofemoral joint degeneration and the location... | We conclude that the good early outcome after UKA in this study is in line with the best reported results. Patellofemoral degeneration should not be considered a contraindication to Oxford UKA. Patients with lateral subluxation of the patella have an increased risk of a poor result after UKA and should preferably be of... | yes |
21,876,318 | Does laparoendoscopic single-site renal cyst marsupialization using a homemade single-port device have a role as a feasible treatment option? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with a renal cyst and concurrent symptoms, we examined the effectiveness and safety of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for renal cyst marsupialization using a homemade single-port device (HSPD) by a single surgeon (S.W.L.).",
"The present study was conducted on a total... | In patients with a simple renal cyst, LESS renal cyst marsupialization using a HSPD might be considered as a feasible, safe surgical treatment option. | yes |
21,898,989 | Does [ Pulmonary fibrosis induce erectile dysfunction in rats ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the impact of pulmonary fibrosis on erectile function in rats and its mechanism.",
"Forty 12-week-old healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into Groups A (4-week pulmonary fibrosis), B (6-week pulmonary fibrosis), C (4-week control, and D (6-week control). The models of pulmonar... | Pulmonary fibrosis may induce erectile dysfunction by suppressing the expression of the eNOS protein and reducing NOS activity and cGMP content in the corpus cavernosum penis of rats. | yes |
21,880,111 | Do a systematic review of ketamine as an analgesic agent in adult burn injuries? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the current literature regarding the effectiveness and side-effect profile of intravenous ketamine as a means of pain relief when compared with placebo or as an adjunct to opioid analgesia in patients exposed to burn injury.",
"Electronic searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and The... | Further well-designed randomized controlled trials conducted in burn-specific populations are warranted, thus enabling the development of a relevant evidence base to support its clinical use. | yes |
21,895,962 | Is increased tissue factor pathway inhibitor activity associated with myocardial infarction in young women : results from the RATIO study? | {
"contexts": [
"The tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)/protein S anticoagulant system is a potent inhibitor of blood coagulation. TFPI and protein S are major determinants of thrombin generation (TG) tests determined at low tissue factor (TF) and at high TF concentrations in the presence of activated protein... | Women with MI had increased TFPI levels compared with controls. Consequently, the TFPI/protein S activity and APC sensitivity are increased in women with MI. Whether this increase in TFPI activity acts as a compensating mechanism for an increased procoagulant state or is a marker of endothelial damage remains to be inv... | yes |
21,884,872 | Are funding source and author affiliation in TASER research strongly associated with a conclusion of device safety? | {
"contexts": [
"Controversy exists regarding the safety of electrical stun guns (TASERs). Much of the research on TASERs is funded by the maker of the device and, therefore, could be biased. We sought to determine if funding source or author affiliation is associated with TASER research conclusions.",
"MEDLI... | Studies funded by TASER and/or written by an author affiliated with the company are substantially more likely to conclude that TASERs are safe. Research supported by TASER International may thus be significantly biased in favor of TASER safety. | yes |
21,884,873 | Is vitamin D status related to development of atrial fibrillation in the community? | {
"contexts": [
"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common and is an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D is an emerging risk factor in cardiovascular disease, and vitamin D status is modifiable. Thus, we sought to investigate whether vitamin D status predisposed to the development of AF ... | In our community-based sample, vitamin D status was not related to incident AF. Our data suggest that vitamin D deficiency does not promote the development of AF in the ambulatory setting. | no |
21,898,120 | Is combination therapy with an aminoglycoside for Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis and/or persistent bacteremia associated with a decreased rate of recurrent bacteremia : a cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Although limited data exist on the efficacy and potential risk of synergistic aminoglycoside therapy for persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia and endocarditis, aminoglycosides are frequently used in clinical practice.",
"As our study population, we included subjects fulfilling the modi... | The use of combination therapy with an aminoglycoside in persistent S. aureus bacteremia and/or endocarditis may be associated with a lower rate of recurrent bacteremia without significant differences in the incident renal failure. | yes |
21,871,025 | Does sequential therapy achieve a higher eradication rate than standard triple therapy in Taiwan? | {
"contexts": [
"Most clinical trials concerning sequential therapy have been conducted in Italy. The efficacy of sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication in Asia remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of sequential therapy with standard triple therapy in Taiw... | Sequential therapy achieves a higher eradication rate than standard triple therapy in Taiwan. The novel treatment can be used as a first-line therapy for H. pylori infection for Taiwanese. | yes |
21,887,579 | Do cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids accelerate wound epithelialization and neovascularization in the hairless mouse ear wound model? | {
"contexts": [
"Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are known to modulate proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro. Tissue levels of EETs are regulated by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases that generate them as well as by the soluble epoxide hydrolase metabolizes them to their less active diols. The aim of this... | These findings demonstrated that exogenous CYP-derived EETs and globally decreased EET hydrolysis by sEH inhibition significantly accelerated wound epithelialization and neovascularization in unimpaired healing wounds. Given that hypoxia induces CYP expression and subsequently EET-dependent angiogenesis, EETs and sEHIs... | yes |
21,884,005 | Does overexpression of vasostatin-1 protect hypoxia/reoxygenation injuries in cardiomyocytes independent of endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Vasostatin-1 (VS-1) has been suggested in protecting hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injuries in isolated hearts. However, the molecular mechanisms remained to be elucidated.",
"Cardiomyocytes were treated with recombinant Ad-VS-1 adenoviral vector before H/R. Cell viability was studied using MTT... | Overexpression of VS-1 in cardiomyocytes could limit the H/R injuries at molecular levels. The protective effects were independent of endothelial cell function, suggestive of a potential therapeutic target for patients with myocardial ischemia in the future. | yes |
21,872,909 | Does imatinib mesylate ( Gleevec ) as protein-tyrosine kinase inhibitor elicit smooth muscle relaxation in isolated human prostatic tissue? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the mechanism of action of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec), a protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor on the human prostate with benign prostatic hyperplasia.",
"Prostate samples were obtained from 16 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (mean age 68.3 ± 1.9 years), who had undergone ... | Imatinib induced prostatic smooth muscle relaxation in vitro. This effect was suppressed by l-NAME and ODQ, showing a dependence on the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and modulated by the K(ATP) and BK(Ca2+) K+ channels. Our findings suggest that imatinib can augment relaxation of human prostatic t... | yes |
21,877,878 | Does right ventricular strain rate predict clinical outcomes in patients with acute pulmonary embolism? | {
"contexts": [
"Echocardiographic quantification of global and regional right ventricular (RV) function is critical in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), but remains a challenge particularly in acute RV dilatation.",
"Apical two-dimensional images of patients with acute PE were analyzed using both ... | Speckle tracking may be a sensitive tool for assessing RV dysfunction and predicting mortality in patients with PE in this pilot study. | yes |
21,874,389 | Does posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner deficiency result in a reverse pivot shift? | {
"contexts": [
"As measured via static stability tests, the PCL is the dominant restraint to posterior tibial translation while the posterolateral corner is the dominant restraint to external tibial rotation. However, these uniplanar static tests may not predict multiplanar instability. The reverse pivot shift i... | Combined sectioning of the PCL and posterolateral corner was required to cause an increase in the magnitude of the mechanized reverse pivot shift. The reverse pivot shift correlated with both static measures of stability. | yes |
21,887,527 | Is excess mortality from seasonal influenza negligible below the age of 50 in Israel : implications for vaccine policy? | {
"contexts": [
"Evaluation of the severity of pandemic influenza requires reliable estimates of mortality attributable to the seasonal influenza.",
"Excess age-specific mortality during periods of influenza activity was evaluated in Israel during the period 1999-2006 for three death categories. For each resp... | Annual mortality associated with seasonal influenza is highly variable. Under the age of 50 years, there is minimal seasonal influenza associated mortality. This information provides an important baseline for evaluating the severity of the A(H1N1) 2009 influenza pandemic, where persons under 50 years of age were often ... | yes |
21,893,010 | Does video electroencephalography monitoring differentiate between epileptic and non-epileptic seizures? | {
"contexts": [
"Epilepsy is often misdiagnosed and approximately one in every four patients diagnosed with refractory epilepsy does not have epilepsy, but instead non-epileptic seizures. Video electroencephalography monitoring (VEM) is the gold standard for differentiation between epileptic and non-epileptic sei... | Several patients without epilepsy are treated as if they had epilepsy. VEM is a costly method, but with a large diagnostic yield and should therefore be used when there is doubt about the diagnosis in patients with relatively frequent seizures. The use of VEM is expedient to make the correct diagnosis, optimize medical... | yes |
21,893,013 | Does use of preoperative bowel preparation in elective colorectal surgery in Denmark remain high? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have shown that preoperative bowel preparation does not influence the frequency of postoperative complications after elective open colonic resections. The Danish Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG) recommends that mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) should be omitted prior to elective ... | MBP before elective open colonic resections remains widely used despite the national DCCG guideline. MBP before laparoscopic colorectal resections was more frequently used than before open colorectal resections as MBP before rectal resections was more frequently used than before colonic resections. The need for preoper... | yes |
21,887,684 | Does occult tumor burden contribute to racial disparities in stage-specific colorectal cancer outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"There are differences in outcomes in blacks compared with whites with lymph node-negative (pN0) colorectal cancer. Recurrence in pN0 patients suggests the presence of occult metastases undetected by conventional approaches. This study explores the association of racial differences in outcomes wit... | Racial disparities in stage-specific outcomes in colorectal cancer are associated with differences in occult tumor burden in regional lymph nodes. | yes |
21,880,632 | Does the in vivo mechanism of action of CD20 monoclonal antibodies depend on local tumor burden? | {
"contexts": [
"CD20 monoclonal antibodies are widely used in clinical practice. Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity and direct cell death have been suggested to be important effector functions for CD20 antibodies. However, their specific contributions to the in vivo mecha... | Tumor burden affects the in vivo mechanism of action of CD20 antibodies. Low tumor load can be eliminated by complement alone, whereas elimination of high tumor load requires multiple effector mechanisms. | yes |
21,880,637 | Are mutations of PHF6 associated with mutations of NOTCH1 , JAK1 and rearrangement of SET-NUP214 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations in the PHF6 gene were recently described in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and in those with acute myeloid leukemia. The present study was designed to determine the prevalence of PHF6 gene alterations in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.",
"We analyzed the inci... | Overall, these results indicate that, in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, PHF6 mutations are a recurrent genetic abnormality associated with mutations of NOTCH1, JAK1 and rearrangement of SET-NUP214. | yes |
21,899,728 | Does c-Myc dependent expression of pro-apoptotic Bim render HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells dependent on anti-apoptotic Mcl-1? | {
"contexts": [
"Anti-apoptotic signals induced downstream of HER2 are known to contribute to the resistance to current treatments of breast cancer cells that overexpress this member of the EGFR family. Whether or not some of these signals are also involved in tumor maintenance by counteracting constitutive death... | This work establishes that, in HER2-overexpressing tumors, it is necessary, and maybe sufficient, to therapeutically impact on the Mcl-1/Bim balance for efficient induction of cancer cell death. | yes |
21,897,765 | Is impairment of pulmonary function an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation : the Takahata study? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic pulmonary disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and fibrosing lung diseases, and atrial fibrillation (AF), are prevalent in elderly people. The impact of cardiac co-morbidities in the elderly, where pulmonary function is impaired, cannot be ignored as they influe... | Impaired pulmonary function is an independent risk factor for AF in the Japanese general population. | yes |
21,886,842 | Is air trapping on chest CT associated with worse ventilation distribution in infants with cystic fibrosis diagnosed following newborn screening? | {
"contexts": [
"In school-aged children with cystic fibrosis (CF) structural lung damage assessed using chest CT is associated with abnormal ventilation distribution. The primary objective of this analysis was to determine the relationships between ventilation distribution outcomes and the presence and extent of... | These findings suggest that in early CF lung disease there are weak associations between ventilation distribution and lung damage from chest CT. These finding are in contrast to those reported in older children. These findings suggest that assessments of LCI could not be used to replace a chest CT scan for the assessme... | yes |
21,871,134 | Does tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 mediate the death of immature oligodendrocytes via TNF-α/TACE in focal cerebral ischemia in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Oligodendrocyte (OL) death is important in focal cerebral ischemia. TIMP-3 promotes apoptosis in ischemic neurons by inhibiting proteolysis of TNF-α superfamily of death receptors. Since OLs undergo apoptosis during ischemia, we hypothesized that TIMP-3 contributes to OL death.",
"Middle cere... | Our results suggested that focal ischemia leads to proliferation of immature OLs in white matter and that TIMP-3 contributes to a caspase-3-dependent immature OL death via TNF-α-mediated neuroinflammation. Future studies will be needed to delineate the role of MMP-3 and MMP-9 that were increased in the Timp-3 wild type... | yes |
21,888,655 | Is sentinel lymph node biopsy unsuitable for routine practice in younger female patients with unilateral low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has been used to assess patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). To achieve its full potential the rate of SLN identification must be as close to 100 percent as possible. In the present study we compared the combination of preoperative lymphoscintigraphy s... | Compared to a single technique, there was a significantly higher SLN identification rate for the combined technique in younger female with ipsilateral, low-risk PTC (T1-2N0M0). Thus, a combined SLN biopsy technique seems to more accurately stage lymph nodes, with better identification of SLN located out of the central ... | yes |
21,887,819 | Is tetrahydrocurcumin more effective than curcumin in preventing azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC), a major metabolite of curcumin (CUR), has been demonstrated to be anti-cancerogenic and anti-angiogenic and prevents type II diabetes. In this present study, we investigated the chemopreventive effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of dietary administration of CUR ... | Taken together, these results demonstrated for the first time the in vivo chemopreventive efficacy and molecular mechanisms of dietary THC against AOM-induced colonic tumorigenesis. | yes |
21,894,532 | Do polyunsaturated fatty acids induce modification in the lipid composition and the prostaglandin production of the conjunctival epithelium cells? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was conducted to evaluate whether polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as γ-linolenic acid (GLA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as found in the diet, may affect the lipid composition of conjunctival epithelium and whether these modifications affect prostaglandin (PG) production af... | These results suggest that modulation of fatty acid composition and PG production by PUFA supplementation is possible in the conjunctival epithelium, which is an important site of inflammation in dry eye syndrome. | yes |
21,894,533 | Does optical low-coherence reflectometry enable preoperative detection of zonular weakness in pseudoexfoliation syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate optical ocular components in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome using optical low-coherence reflectometry.",
"A prospective cohort study of 224 eyes of patients planned for cataract surgery was conducted in the period from January 2009 until July 2009. Patients were divided ... | The optical low-coherence reflectometry enabled preoperative detection of zonular weakness and subsequent lens instability documented as a significantly shallower anterior chamber, thicker lens, and smaller pupillary diameter in the pseudoexfoliation syndrome group in the studied population. | yes |
21,873,885 | Does repeated exposures to moderately increased intravascular pressure increase stiffness in human arteries and arterioles? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim was to investigate whether repeated exposures to moderate pressure elevations in the blood vessels of the arms (pressure training) affect pressure distension in arteries/arterioles of healthy individuals.",
"Pressure training and vascular pressure-distension determinations were conduc... | Thus, the in-vivo wall stiffness in arteries and arterioles increases markedly in response to intermittent, moderate increments of transmural pressure during 5 weeks. The findings are compatible with the notion that local load serves as 'a prime mover' in the development of vascular changes in hypertension. | yes |
21,876,619 | Does doxycycline block gastric ulcer by regulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and oxidative stress? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the effect of doxycycline on the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and oxidative stress in gastric tissues of rats following gastric injury.",
"Gastric ulcers were generated in rats by administration of 70% ethanol, and activity of doxycycline was tested by administratio... | This is the first demonstration of dual action of doxycycline, that is, regulation of MMP activity and reduction of oxidative stress in arresting gastric injury. | yes |
21,876,618 | Does helicobacter pylori arginase mutant colonize arginase II knockout mice? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of host and bacterial arginases in the colonization of mice by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).",
"H. pylori produces a very powerful urease that hydrolyzes urea to carbon dioxide and ammonium, which neutralizes acid. Urease is absolutely essential to H. pylori pathoge... | The in vivo source for the essential urea utilized by H. pylori urease is neither bacterial arginase nor host arginase II; instead, either residual host arginase I or agmatinase is probably responsible. | yes |
21,873,665 | Is pITX2 involved in stress response in cultured human trabecular meshwork cells through regulation of SLC13A3? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations of the PITX2 gene cause Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) and glaucoma. In this study, the authors investigated genes directly regulated by the PITX2 transcription factor to gain insight into the mechanisms underlying these disorders.",
"RNA from nonpigmented ciliary epithelium cells t... | The results indicate that SLC13A3 is a direct downstream target of PITX2 transcriptional regulation and that levels of PITX2 and SLC13A3 modulate responses to oxidative stress in ocular cells. | yes |
21,877,041 | Does functional electrical stimulation improve brain perfusion in cranial trauma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Demonstrate brain perfusion changes due to neuronal activation after functional electrical stimulation (FES).",
"It was studied 14 patients with hemiplegia who were submitted to a program with FES during fourteen weeks. Brain perfusion SPECT was performed before and after FES therapy. These p... | FES therapy can result in brain perfusion improvement in patients with brain lesions due to cranial trauma but probably not in patients with major vascular insults with large infarct area. | yes |
21,873,783 | Does miR-149 promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the function and mechanism of miR-149 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).",
"The expression of miR-149 was examined by real-time PCR and calculated by 2(-▵▵Ct) method. The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. The cell migration and invasion were shown by the wound heali... | miR-149 might be involved in the invasion and metastasis of NPC through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). | yes |
21,878,031 | Is `` The family the clinic , the community is the hospital '' : community mental health in Timor-Leste? | {
"contexts": [
"This paper describes the history and recent development of mental health services in Timor-Leste, a small developing country recovering from conflict. Challenges to effective service delivery are discussed as well as plans for future development."
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE"
],
"meshes... | Timor-Leste's mental health service began just over a decade ago. Unlike many other low and middle income countries where hospital-based services predominate, the mental health model in Timor-Leste is entirely community based. However, challenges to effective mental health care delivery are similar to most developing c... | yes |
21,878,037 | Is maternal preeclampsia associated with an increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of maternal preeclampsia on development and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants.",
"This prospective study consisted of two groups: the study group, which is composed of preterm infants (≤32 weeks) born to a mother with preeclampsia, and the... | Maternal preeclampsia was found to be associated with increased ROP development risk in premature infants. ROP was also more severe in infants born to pre-eclamptic mothers. The role of maternal preeclampsia in the occurrence and severity of ROP remains to be elucidated. | yes |
21,883,708 | Do myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to oral cancer progression in 4NQO-treated mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Abnormal myelopoiesis especially the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) is increasingly recognized as an important reason for the escape of tumor from immune surveillance. This study aims to investigate the role of this specific population of cells in oral cancer progression.",... | Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to oral tumor progression and represent a potential target for immunotherapy of oral cancer. | yes |
21,896,168 | Is prohibitin overexpressed in Huh-7-HCV and Huh-7.5-HCV cells harboring in vitro transcribed full-length hepatitis C virus RNA? | {
"contexts": [
"Currently, up-regulated proteins and apoptosis in hepatitis C is a hot topic in exploring the pathogenic mechanism of Heptitis C Virus(HCV). Some recent studies shows that prohibitin is overexpressed in cells expressing HCV core proteins, and up-regulated prohibitin is also found in human hepatom... | The expression of prohibitin was relatively high in Huh-7-HCV and Huh-7.5-HCV cells harboring in vitro transcribed full-length HCV RNA. | yes |
21,890,841 | Is investigation of thyroid dysfunction more likely in patients with high psychological morbidity? | {
"contexts": [
"Mild or subclinical hypothyroidism [raised thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) but normal free thyroxine (T4)] affects 5-10% of adults. Symptoms are non-specific and TSH levels are needed for diagnosis.",
"We explore the relationship between thyroid function and psychological distress and inves... | Those referred for thyroid function tests, although no more likely than others to have hypothyroidism, have high rates of psychological distress. When mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism is detected in patients with psychological distress, it is important that GPs are aware that this is likely to be coincidental rather t... | yes |
21,883,272 | Is expression of the Rh/RhAG complex reduced in Mi.III erythrocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Miltenberger blood group antigen subtype III (Mi.III) is characterized by expression of a glycophorin B-A-B hybrid (Gp.Mur) on the erythrocyte surface. The two alleles of glycophorin B are substituted with the B-A-B hybrid alleles in homozygous Mi.III (Mi.III(+/+)), and thus, Mi.III(+/+) erythroc... | Substitution of GPB with Gp.Mur significantly reduced the expression of Rh antigen and RhAG on the Mi.III(+/+) erythrocyte membrane. The Mi.III phenotype is predicted to induce considerable structural variations within the band 3/Rh-associated macrocomplexes. | yes |
21,883,279 | Do changes in basophil activation during grass-pollen sublingual immunotherapy correlate with clinical efficacy? | {
"contexts": [
"Biomarkers predicting the safety and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) remain to be established.",
"Eighty-nine patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis to grass pollen received either a placebo or five-grass-pollen daily tablet sublingually for 4 months. Following exposure in an ... | Allergen reactivity of peripheral blood basophils is not a biomarker for adverse events or early onset of clinical responses to SLIT. | no |
21,873,833 | Do age and gender but not common chronic illnesses predict odor identification in older African Americans? | {
"contexts": [
"Loss of smell accompanies specific neurodegenerative diseases and may facilitate the early detection of these. Smell deficiency also engenders safety risks in the elderly. The Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT), though clinically practical, is accompanied by limited normative data, and none f... | The lack of a significant relationship between common chronic conditions, or sociocultural factors, with the BSIT score underscores the value of this test in screening for odor identification deficiencies in older subjects. | yes |
21,896,878 | Are cholesterol ester and free fatty acids modulated by policosanol in CaCo-2 intestinal cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate policosanol absorption by brush border membrane (BBM), metabolism in CaCo-2 enterocytes, and transport of policosanol metabolites across the basolateral membrane (BLM). It was hypothesized that policosanol is partially oxidized into fatty acids and then is incorporated into other l... | It was concluded that policosanol or policosanol metabolites may modulate lipid metabolism and/or transport following absorption by the BBM, partial oxidation by the intestinal epithelium, and transport of policosanol metabolites across the BLM. | yes |
21,880,373 | Is the load of short telomeres increased and associated with lifetime number of depressive episodes in bipolar II disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"It has recently been hypothesized that bipolar disorders are associated with accelerated aging. Telomere dysfunction, a biomarker of aging, is determined by the load of short telomeres, rather than by the mean telomere length. To our knowledge, the load of short telomeres has not been reported in... | Modest sample size and cross-sectional design. | yes |
21,893,129 | Is muscle wasting associated with mortality in patients with cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Sarcopenia, defined as a low level of muscle mass, occurs in patients with cirrhosis. We assessed its incidence among cirrhotic patients undergoing evaluation for liver transplantation to investigate associations between sarcopenia and mortality and prognosis.",
"We studied 112 patients with ... | Sarcopenia is associated with mortality in patients with cirrhosis. It does not correlate with the degree of liver dysfunction evaluated by using conventional scoring systems. Scoring systems should include evaluation of sarcopenia to better assess mortality among patients with cirrhosis. | yes |
21,893,120 | Does trypsin reduce pancreatic ductal bicarbonate secretion by inhibiting CFTR Cl⁻ channels and luminal anion exchangers? | {
"contexts": [
"The effects of trypsin on pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (PDECs) vary among species and depend on the localization of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2). We compared PAR-2 localization in human and guinea-pig PDECs, and used isolated guinea pig ducts to study the effects of trypsin and a... | Trypsin reduces pancreatic ductal bicarbonate secretion via PAR-2-dependent inhibition of the apical anion exchanger and the CFTR Cl(-) channel. This could contribute to the development of chronic pancreatitis by decreasing luminal pH and promoting premature activation of trypsinogen in the pancreatic ducts. | yes |
21,873,559 | Is self-reported long total sleep duration associated with metabolic syndrome : the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the association between total sleep duration and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in older Chinese.",
"Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS) was performed. Participants (n = 29,333) were aged ≥50 years. Risk of MetSyn ... | Long sleep duration was associated with greater risk of MetSyn in older Chinese. Confirmation through longitudinal studies is needed. The mechanisms mediating the link between long sleep duration and MetSyn require further investigation. | yes |
21,885,032 | Does pERIOSTIN regulate MMP-2 expression via the αvβ3 integrin/ERK pathway in human periodontal ligament cells? | {
"contexts": [
"During orthodontic tooth movement, activation of the vascular system in the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL), which becomes hypoxic, is essential for periodontal tissue remodelling. PERIOSTIN, an extracellular matrix protein, is expressed in PDL and its concentration is increased on the comp... | These data suggest that PERIOSTIN upregulates MMP-2 expression via the αvβ3 integrin/ERK signalling pathway and VEGF expression in human PDL cells. | yes |
21,888,902 | Are serum pigment epithelium-derived factor levels increased in patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and independently associated with liver steatosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased serum concentrations of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) have been linked to the metabolic syndrome in the general population. However, the relationship between serum PEDF and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, remains un... | Serum PEDF levels are significantly increased in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and are associated with liver steatosis independently of traditional risk factors. | yes |
21,884,226 | Do united States home births increase 20 percent from 2004 to 2008? | {
"contexts": [
"After a gradual decline from 1990 to 2004, the percentage of births occurring at home increased from 2004 to 2008 in the United States. The objective of this report was to examine the recent increase in home births and the factors associated with this increase from 2004 to 2008.",
"United Sta... | The 20 percent increase in United States home births from 2004 to 2008 is a notable development that will be of interest to practitioners and policymakers. (BIRTH 38:3 September 2011). | yes |
21,881,346 | Does surgical ventricular restoration improve the left ventricle basal wall function using quantitative gated SPECT? | {
"contexts": [
"It is not clear whether surgical ventricular restoration (SVR) or procedures approaching mitral complex for controlling functional mitral regurgitation (MR) affect the regional left ventricular wall function. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the regional LV function after SVR usin... | OLVP improved NYHA functional classes, and also improved the regional wall function at the basal level of the left ventricle. In contrast, lone PMA did not improve or impair the regional wall function at any of the levels. | yes |
21,887,495 | Does pregabalin reduce alcohol drinking and relapse to alcohol seeking in the rat? | {
"contexts": [
"Pregabalin (Lyrica™) is a structural analogue of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) approved by FDA for partial epilepsy, neuropathic pain and recently generalized anxiety disorder. While the exact cellular mechanism of action of pregabalin is still unclear, evidence from several studies suggests that it... | Results demonstrate that pregabalin may have potential in the treatment of alcohol addiction. | yes |
21,887,497 | Is attenuation of cocaine-induced conditioned locomotion associated with altered expression of hippocampal glutamate receptors in mice lacking LPA1 receptors? | {
"contexts": [
"Lysophosphatidic acid is a phospholipid mediator that modulates neurodevelopment and neurogenesis in the hippocampus through its actions on LPA1 receptors. Emerging evidences support LPA(1) as a mediator of learning and emotional behaviour. There are no studies addressing its role on behaviours a... | The present results indicate that the lack of LPA1 receptor affect cocaine-induced conditioned locomotion but not behavioural sensitization. The findings suggest that LPA1 receptor may be necessary for a normal associative contextual learning associated to cocaine, probably through the modulation of hippocampal glutama... | yes |
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