pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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21,883,146 | Is slow receptor dissociation a key factor in the duration of action of inhaled long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonists? | {
"contexts": [
"β(2) -Adrenoceptor agonists are important bronchodilators used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Clinical data on β(2) -adrenoceptor agonists show a range of onset and duration of action. We have investigated whether the receptor binding kinetics of β(2) -adre... | Although the β(2) -adrenoceptor agonists displayed a range of kinetic rate parameters, simulations at relevant drug concentrations suggest that receptor kinetics do not play an important role in determining onset of action in the clinic. In addition, it is unlikely that receptor kinetics exert an important influence on... | no |
21,883,149 | Does a β-amyloid oligomer directly modulate P/Q-type calcium currents in Xenopus oocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"β-amyloid (Aβ) oligomers have been implicated in the early pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the precise nature of the molecular target has not been fully revealed, a number of studies have indicated that Aβ oligomers modulate neuron-specific ion channels. We recently provided ev... | The α1A subunit of the P/Q-type calcium channel is directly modulated by oligomeric Aβ. Threshold reduction as well as an increase in current at synaptic terminals may facilitate vesicle release and could trigger excitotoxic events in the brains of patients with AD. | yes |
21,876,348 | Is vascular calcification associated with cortical bone loss in chronic renal failure rats with and without ovariectomy : the calcification paradox? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased bone loss has been associated with the development of vascular calcification in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). In this study, the effect of impaired bone metabolism on aortic calcifications was investigated in uremic rats with or without ovariectomy.",
"CRF was induced b... | Cortical rather than trabecular bone loss is associated with the process of calcification in rats with adenine- induced CRF. | yes |
21,882,177 | Does a combined molecular-pathologic score improve risk stratification of thyroid papillary microcarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma (TPMC) is an incidentally discovered papillary carcinoma that measures ≤1.0 cm in size. Most TPMCs are indolent, whereas some behave aggressively. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether the combination of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 ... | BRAF status together with several histopathologic features allowed clinical risk stratification of TPMCs. The combined MP risk stratification model was a better predictor of extrathyroid tumor spread than either mutation or histopathologic findings alone. | yes |
21,895,937 | Does underestimation of Gleason score at prostate biopsy reflect sampling error in lower volume tumours? | {
"contexts": [
"• To determine the influence of tumour and prostate gland volumes on the underestimation of prostate cancer Gleason score in diagnostic core biopsies.",
"• Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with matched diagnostic biopsies were identified from a prospectively recorded database. • Tumo... | • Under-graded tumours are significantly smaller than tumours concordant for the higher grade, indicating that incomplete tumour sampling plays a significant role in Gleason score assignment error. • Surrogate measures of tumour volume may predict those at greatest risk of Gleason score upgrade. | yes |
21,886,829 | Is metastasis of tumor cells enhanced by downregulation of Bit1? | {
"contexts": [
"Resistance to anoikis, which is defined as apoptosis induced by loss of integrin-mediated cell attachment to the extracellular matrix, is a determinant of tumor progression and metastasis. We have previously identified the mitochondrial Bit1 (Bcl-2 inhibitor of transcription) protein as a novel a... | These findings indicate that downregulation of Bit1 conferred cancer cells with enhanced anoikis resistance, adhesive and migratory properties in vitro and specifically potentiated tumor metastasis in vivo. These results underscore the therapeutic importance of restoring Bit1 expression in cancer cells to circumvent me... | yes |
21,871,071 | Does eFS show biallelic methylation in uveal melanoma with poor prognosis as well as tissue-specific methylation? | {
"contexts": [
"Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare eye tumor. There are two classes of UM, which can be discriminated by the chromosome 3 status or global mRNA expression profile. Metastatic progression is predominantly originated from class II tumors or from tumors showing loss of an entire chromosome 3 (monosomy 3)... | Biallelic EFS methylation is likely to be the result of a site-directed methylation mechanism. Based on partial methylation as observed in cultured melanocytes we hypothesize that there might be methylated and unmethylated precursor cells located in the uveal tract. The EFS methylation of a UM may depend on which type ... | yes |
21,873,028 | Are abnormalities in cardiac structure and function in adults with sickle cell disease associated with pulmonary hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"In sickle cell disease (SCD), pulmonary hypertension (assessed by tricuspid regurgitant jet [TRJ] velocity ≥ 2.5 m/sec) is associated with increased mortality. The relationships among TRJ velocity and left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) systolic and diastolic function (i.e., relaxati... | Ambulatory adults with SCD exhibited structural (i.e., LV and RV chamber enlargement) and functional (i.e., higher surrogate measures of LV and RV filling pressure) abnormalities compared with the control group. In subjects with SCD, few abnormalities of LV and RV structure and function were associated with TRJ velocit... | no |
21,876,235 | Does telmisartan prevent VCAM-1 induction and monocytic cell adhesion to endothelium exposed to non-uniform shear stress and TNF-α? | {
"contexts": [
"Atherosclerotic plaques develop at arterial regions subjected to non-uniform shear stress, and are initiated by increased leukocyte-endothelial interactions. Here we applied the in vitro model of arterial bifurcations to investigate whether telmisartan, an anti-inflammatory angiotensin II recepto... | Treatment with telmisartan decreases the TNF-α-induced recruitment of monocytic cells and endothelial expression of VCAM-1 in regions of non-uniform shear stress in vitro. This mechanism can contribute to the beneficial pleiotropic effects of telmisartan in atherosclerosis-prone arterial regions. | yes |
21,898,029 | Is darbepoetin alfa ( KRN321 ) safe and effective when administered subcutaneously once every 2 or 4 weeks to patients on peritoneal dialysis in Japan? | {
"contexts": [
"Darbepoetin alfa (KRN321) is a recombinant protein that stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as endogenous erythropoietin. Due to its longer half-life and greater biological activity than recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), KRN321 maintains an effective hemoglobin (Hb) level at ... | The efficacy and safety of KRN321 when administered subcutaneously for 28 weeks to PD patients were confirmed. It was suggested that the quality of life of patients can be improved by treatment with KRN321 due to the reduced frequency of administration. | yes |
21,884,381 | Does patterns and correlate of same-sex sexual activity among U.S. teenagers and young adults? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of same-sex sexual activity among teenagers and young adults, particularly those who do not identify themselves as gay, lesbian or bisexual. Effective interventions to prevent STDs require accurate understanding of youths' sexual behavior.",
... | A significant proportion of "straight" youth engage in same-sex activity, and so information on risks associated with such behavior should be included in sex education programs and targeted to all youth. | yes |
21,900,839 | Are chest wall sarcomas accurately diagnosed by image-guided core needle biopsy? | {
"contexts": [
"Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal malignancies. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is a prerequisite in considering investigational or institutional management algorithms that include neoadjuvant treatment. We reviewed our experience using core needle biopsy for chest wall sarcomas.",
"A retrospecti... | We demonstrated that image-guided core needle biopsy when performed and reviewed by experienced radiologists and musculoskeletal pathologists is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for chest wall sarcomas. Core needle biopsy should be considered in the multidisciplinary approach to chest wall musculoskeletal tumor... | yes |
21,902,499 | Do pharmacogenetic analyses of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity indicate a renoprotective effect of ERCC1 polymorphisms? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated whether genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the interpatient variability of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.",
"Polymorphisms in the candidate genes GSTM1, GSTT1, OCT1, OCT2, LARP2, ERCC1, XRCC1 and EPO were analyzed for associations with nephrotoxicity in 79 cancer patie... | Genetic polymorphisms in ERCC1 may be valuable predictors of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. | yes |
21,893,980 | Is paroxysmal atrial fibrillation more prevalent than persistent atrial fibrillation in acute stroke and transient ischemic attack patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cause of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). More extensive diagnostic effort is required to detect paroxysmal AF (pxAF) than persistent AF (pAF); the prevalence of pxAF in stroke patients is unknown. We evaluated the prevalence of pAF and pxA... | pxAF occurs more often than pAF in stroke/TIA patients. As effective stroke prevention is available for AF, it is important to develop and evaluate sensitive methods for detecting pxAF. | yes |
21,872,498 | Is c-Jun involved in interstitial cystitis antiproliferative factor ( APF ) -induced growth inhibition of human bladder cancer T24 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To uncover the role of c-Jun, a proto-oncogene, in inhibitory effects of antiproliferative factor (APF) on tumor cell growth.",
"Expression of c-Jun was analyzed by Western blotting in 45 clinical specimens (30 tumorous tissues and 15 paired non-tumorous tissues) and 3 bladder cancer cell lin... | These observations suggest that c-Jun is involved in APF-mediated inhibition for bladder tumor cell growth, as potential target of APF in patients with aggressive bladder carcinoma. | yes |
21,887,516 | Are rGMA and neogenin protein expression influenced by lens injury following optic nerve crush in the rat retina? | {
"contexts": [
"The death and the failure of neurons to regenerate their axons after lesion of the central nervous system in mammals, as in the case of spinal cord injury and optic nerve trauma, remain a challenge. In this study, we focused on the repulsive guidance molecule A (RGMA) and its receptor neogenin. S... | Although a difference in the localization of RGMA is not obvious, the difference in the amount of RGMA is striking, the higher amount of RGMA in the retinae of ONC + LI rats compared to ONC rats indicates a role for RGMA during degeneration/regeneration processes. Our results are consistent with several reported neurop... | yes |
21,897,839 | Is the microRNA-200 family upregulated in endometrial carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and may play essential roles in tumorigenesis. Additionally, miRNAs have been shown to have prognostic and diagnostic value in certai... | This information contributes to the candidate miRNA expression profile that has been generated for EEC and shows that certain miRNAs are dysregulated in the precursor lesion, CAH. These miRNAs in particular may play important roles in tumorigenesis. Examination of miRNAs that are consistently dysregulated in various st... | yes |
21,878,236 | Does continuous local delivery of interferon-β stabilize tumor vasculature in an orthotopic glioblastoma xenograft resection model? | {
"contexts": [
"High-grade glioblastomas have immature, leaky tumor blood vessels that impede the efficacy of adjuvant therapy. We assessed the ability of human interferon (hIFN)-β delivered locally via gene transfer to effect vascular stabilization in an orthotopic model of glioblastoma xenograft resection.",
... | The use of AAV hIFN-β in our orthotopic model of glioblastoma resection stabilized tumor vasculature and improved survival in rats with MT330 xenografts. | yes |
21,878,235 | Does high-fat diet alter prostanoid balance and perfusion in ischemic myocardium of naproxen-treated swine? | {
"contexts": [
"The effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the cardiovascular system remains controversial, especially in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities. We used a swine model of chronic myocardial ischemia to investigate whether hypercholesterolemia alters the cardiovascular effe... | A high-fat diet impairs tissue perfusion in ischemic myocardium of naproxen-treated swine by shifting the prostanoid balance to favor production of thromboxane over prostacyclin. Dietary modification may improve myocardial blood flow and alter the safety profile in chronically ischemic cardiac patients taking naproxen. | yes |
21,878,233 | Is irreversible electroporation a surgical ablation technique that enhances gene transfer? | {
"contexts": [
"Reversible electroporation has long been used to transfer macromolecules into target cells in the laboratory by using an electric field to induce transient membrane permeability. Recently, the electric field has been modulated to produce permanent membrane permeability and cell death. This novel ... | IRE is a promising technique not only for operative tissue ablation but also for gene therapy. Because IRE ablation may leave behind intact tumor antigens, these findings encourage clinical studies of tumor ablation with delivery of immunostimulatory plasmids for combined local eradication and systemic immunotherapy. | yes |
21,878,231 | Does chemokine receptor CXCR4 level in primary tumors independently predict outcome for patients with locally advanced breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Chemokine receptor CXCR4 is a marker of metastatic disease. We found initially that CXCR4 level is a predictive marker for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC). We now confirm our initial observations.",
"We evaluated 77 LABC patients who had neoadjuvant therapy. Specimens were... | We confirmed that high CXCR4 levels in cancer specimens after neoadjuvant therapy independently predict a poor outcome for patients with LABC. | yes |
21,878,230 | Is posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy a safe and effective alternative to transabdominal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is a safe minimally invasive approach for treatment of pheochromocytoma (PHEO). Posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy (PRA) is an alternative minimally invasive technique; however, there is a lack of data regarding the appropriateness of this approach in pat... | LA and PRA are both safe and effective approaches in patients with PHEO. In our experience, PRA results in decreased operative times, blood loss, and postoperative length of stay compared with LA. PRA has become our preferred approach for patients with PHEO. | yes |
21,876,742 | Does an inserted α/β subdomain shape the catalytic pocket of Lactobacillus johnsonii cinnamoyl esterase? | {
"contexts": [
"Microbial enzymes produced in the gastrointestinal tract are primarily responsible for the release and biochemical transformation of absorbable bioactive monophenols. In the present work we described the crystal structure of LJ0536, a serine cinnamoyl esterase produced by the probiotic bacterium ... | The binding mechanism characterized (involving the inserted α/β subdomain) clearly differentiates LJ0536 from enzymes with similar activity of a fungal origin. The structural features herein described together with the activity profile of LJ0536 suggest that this enzyme should be clustered in a new group of bacterial c... | yes |
21,891,970 | Does serum level of fibrinogen Aα chain fragment increase in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"The cause of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is unknown and there is no specific circulating biomarker for its detection. The aim of the present study was to use proteomic analysis to detect serum biomarkers by evaluating the serum profiles of low-molecular-weight peptides using mat... | This fragment may be a potential diagnostic biomarker for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hyper-tension. | yes |
21,876,325 | Is toll-like receptor 9 a novel biomarker for esophageal squamous cell dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma progression? | {
"contexts": [
"Stimulation of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) has been linked to invasion in various cancer cells in vitro. We investigated TLR9 expression in normal, dysplastic and malignant esophageal squamous epithelium.",
"TLR9 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 46 cases of esophageal squamo... | Expression of TLR9 in the basal parts of normal esophageal epithelium suggests a role related to cell proliferation and differentation. TLR9 upregulation detected in dysplastic epithelium and in disseminated carcinomas indicates that this protein may serve as a novel marker for esophageal squamous dysplasia and carcino... | yes |
21,892,617 | Is resection of liver metastases beneficial in patients with gastric cancer : report on 15 cases and review of literature? | {
"contexts": [
"Although up to 9% of patients with gastric cancer develop liver metastases, liver resection is rarely performed because of co-existing non-curative factors. Furthermore, the benefit of liver resection is still controversially discussed. Our goal was to investigate the outcome of patients who unde... | Liver resection in patients with hepatic metastasized gastric cancer is beneficial and safe if an R0 situation can be achieved. RFA might be a useful alternative in those patients where surgery is not feasible. | yes |
21,883,367 | Are human polyomaviruses 6 and 7 detectable in Merkel cell polyomavirus-negative Merkel cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) has a high degree of association with Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). However, no reliable microscopic, clinical, phenotypic or molecular differences have been identified that distinguish MCPyV-positive from MCPyV-negative MCC, raising the possibility that a related ... | While MCPyV, HPyV6, and HPyV7 are part of normal skin flora and show a high degree of sequence similarity, there is no evidence of an association between HPyV6 and HPyV7 and MCC in this case series. This result argues against a role for HPyV6 and HPyV7 in the pathogenesis of MCPyV-negative MCC. | no |
21,874,285 | Does cinacalcet lower FGF-23 level together with bone metabolism in hemodialyzed patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism? | {
"contexts": [
"Secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT) is associated with elevated levels of FGF-23, which in turn are connected to adverse outcomes in ESRD patients. The relationship between FGF-23 and bone metabolism in patients with sHPT treated with cinacalcet has not been studied.",
"Thirty-four stable ch... | Cinacalcet treatment of sHPT results in reduction of FGF-23 levels, probably due to the suppression of osteoblasts function. | yes |
21,890,133 | Is cryopreservation of blastocysts the most feasible strategy in good responder patients? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess on which day to cryopreserve and transfer thawed embryos in good-responder patients by comparing the cycle outcomes of day 3 transfers vs blastocysts formed through extended culture before or after cryopreservation.",
"Retrospective clinical study.",
"Private IVF center.",
"... | The feasible strategy in good responder patients appears to be the cryopreservation of blastocysts in the fresh cycle. Retardation in development results in a compromised outcome because of reduced inherent capacity of embryos. | yes |
21,890,130 | Are triple ultrasound markers including fetal cardiac activity related to miscarriage risk? | {
"contexts": [
"To identify early ultrasound markers in pregnant patients that predict a favorable pregnancy outcome.",
"Retrospective case-control study.",
"Infertility patients in fertility clinic.",
"1051 women with early pregnancies conceived after fertility treatment.",
"None.",
"Ongoing... | On postconception days 33-36, gestational sac diameter ≥12 mm, yolk sac diameter 2-6 mm, and the presence of fetal cardiac activity were favorable markers. | yes |
21,873,622 | Is chronic renal failure accompanied by endothelial activation and a large increase in microparticle numbers with reduced procoagulant capacity? | {
"contexts": [
"In patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of increased morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized a role for endothelial activation and microparticle (MP) numbers and procoagulant activity in the pre-thrombotic state of these patients.",
"We analy... | Renal failure is accompanied by endothelial activation of a different nature in CKD4 and PD patients compared to HD patients, and results in all subgroups in an increase of mainly platelet-derived MPs that appear to be less procoagulant than in other disease states, possibly because of the uraemic functional defect of ... | yes |
21,885,127 | Does the region of largest β-zone parapapillary atrophy area predict the location of most rapid visual field progression? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if visual field (VF) progression occurs most rapidly in the region of largest β-zone parapapillary atrophy (PPA).",
"Retrospective cohort.",
"One hundred twenty-five patients from the New York Glaucoma Progression Study with both β-zone PPA and VF progression.",
"Treated ... | In treated glaucoma patients with β-zone PPA and VF progression, the location of largest β-zone PPA typically correlates spatially with the region of the most rapid future VF progression. | yes |
21,873,917 | Is tobit model for outcome variable limited by censoring in nursing research? | {
"contexts": [
"In nursing research, censoring may limit the outcome variable of interest. Well-known examples reflect the so-called floor or ceiling effect. Offering a biased estimator of the limited data, the linear regression model with ordinary least-squares estimation is one of the most frequently used meth... | When the Tobit model is specified correctly, it allows nursing researchers to ameliorate biased coefficient estimates occurring when health status measures are subject to limited data by censoring. Despite the theoretical superiority of the Tobit model to classical statistical data analysis, nurse researchers are cauti... | yes |
21,897,270 | Does oleanen induce apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by up-regulation of Bim? | {
"contexts": [
"Plants belonging to the genus Celastrus exhibit antitumor activity and the ability to reverse multidrug resistance in tumor cells; however, it remains unclear whether the compound oleanen from Celastrus hypoleucus also exhibits antitumor activity. The objective of this study was to explore the in... | Oleanen up-regulates the expression of Bim and other proapoptotic molecules to activate the endogenous apoptosis pathway, thus promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of human cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro. | yes |
21,897,273 | Is loss of BRCA1 protein expression as indicator of the BRCAness phenotype associated with favorable overall survival after complete resection of sporadic ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Hereditary epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) not expressing functional BRCA1 protein are characterized by defects in homologous recombination DNA repair, rendering such tumors more sensitive to DNA damaging agents and synthetic lethality, that is, poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase inhibitor treatment. T... | Epithelial ovarian cancers with negative BRCA1 protein expression were identified in younger patients, showed a significantly better overall survival, prolonged treatment intervals and a tendency for an extended progression free time interval. BRCA1 IHC negativity of sporadic EOC may be predictive of sensitivity to pla... | yes |
21,897,274 | Is conservative therapy in microinvasive adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix justified : an analysis of 59 cases and a review of the literature? | {
"contexts": [
"This study aimed to evaluate the treatment and follow-up in a large series of women with early cervical adenocarcinoma (AC), stages IA1 and IA2, and to perform an extensive review of the literature in an effort to ascertain whether conservative therapy is justified.",
"Records of 59 cases of ... | Extensive treatment such as radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection or trachelectomy does not prevent recurrent disease. Patients with microinvasive AC should be treated identically to patients with SCC. In stage IA1 and IA2 AC, we recommend conservative therapy (by conization). In cases with LVSI, an ad... | yes |
21,884,199 | Is low expression of Granzyme B in colorectal cancer associated with signs of early metastastic invasion? | {
"contexts": [
"Tumour-infiltrating forkhead box P3 (FoxP3+ ) regulatory T cells (T(regs) ) have stronger prognostic significance than cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer (CRC). Because there is evidence that some tumour-infiltrating CD8+ T cells may be inactive, the present study aimed to investigate th... | Low expression of Granzyme B was associated with early signs of metastasis in CRC. The stronger prognostic significance of FoxP3+ T(regs) is in keeping with animal models that suggest these cells act as gatekeepers for the release of Granzyme B from CD8+ T cells. | yes |
21,884,198 | Does phospholipase A2 group IIA expression correlate with prolonged survival in gastric cancer? | {
"contexts": [
" The secreted phospholipase A2 type IIA (PLA2G2A) gene has been identified as a modifier of intestinal adenoma multiplicity in Apc(Min/+) mice. The aim of the present study was to analyse the clinical significance of PLA2G2A expression in human gastric cancer.",
" Using immunohistochemistry... | PLA2G2A may predict survival and might be a potential biomarker for early detection and individualized therapy. | yes |
21,890,453 | Does the reconstruction of transcriptional networks reveal critical genes with implications for clinical outcome of multiple myeloma? | {
"contexts": [
"The combined use of microarray technologies and bioinformatics analysis has improved our understanding of biological complexity of multiple myeloma (MM). In contrast, the application of the same technology in the attempt to predict clinical outcome has been less successful with the identification... | The reconstruction of gene regulatory networks in a large panel of MM tumors defined robust and reproducible signatures with prognostic importance, and may lead to identify novel molecular mechanisms central to MM biology. | yes |
21,890,455 | Does toll-like receptor 9 agonist IMO cooperate with cetuximab in K-ras mutant colorectal and pancreatic cancers? | {
"contexts": [
"K-Ras somatic mutations are a strong predictive biomarker for resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in patients with colorectal and pancreatic cancer. We previously showed that the novel Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist immunomodulatory oligonucleotide (IMO) has a st... | We showed that IMO markedly inhibits growth of K-Ras mutant colon and pancreatic cancers in vitro and in nude mice and cooperates with cetuximab via multiple mechanisms of action. Therefore, we propose IMO plus cetuximab as a therapeutic strategy for K-Ras wild-type as well for K-Ras mutant, cetuximab-resistant colorec... | yes |
21,897,422 | Do variations in truncal body circumferences affect fat mass quantification with bioimpedance analysis? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that variations in trunk circumferences influence the accuracy of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) for assessment of percent fat mass (%FM).",
"%FM was predicted with BIA, and compared with air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in a small sample of 35 overweight (OW), 21 no... | Resistance changes associated with variations in trunk circumferences decrease resistance, and therefore impair the accuracy of BIA to assess %FM. | yes |
21,872,302 | Are the procoagulant properties of purified fibrinogen concentrate enhanced by carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2? | {
"contexts": [
"Fibrinogen concentrate has been demonstrated to enhance coagulation in vitro and in several clinical settings of coagulopathy. We have recently demonstrated that carbon monoxide releasing molecule-2 (tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer; CORM-2) enhances fibrinogen as a substrate for thrombin ... | CORM-2 modification of fibrinogen concentrate significantly enhanced the velocity of clot formation (30-50%) and strength (15-31%) in fibrinogen deficient plasma. Similarly, while diluted plasma-derived thrombi demonstrated a marked decrease in velocity of formation (54%) and strength (61%), fibrinogen concentrate sign... | yes |
21,879,463 | Is cOUP-TFII gene expression upregulated in embryonic pleuroperitoneal folds in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia rat model? | {
"contexts": [
"The nitrofen model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) creates a Bochdalek-type diaphragmatic defect and has been widely used to investigate the pathogenesis of CDH. However, the exact pathogenesis of the diaphragmatic defect in this model is still poorly understood. Chicken ovalbumin upstre... | Upregulation of COUP-II gene expression in the PPF may contribute to the diaphragmatic defect in the nitrofen CDH model by inhibiting the RSP. | yes |
21,895,926 | Do biological implants in sphincter augmentation offer a good short-term outcome after a sphincter repair? | {
"contexts": [
"Long-term results of the overlapping sphincter repair (OSR) have been disappointing, attributed to poor tissue quality that deteriorates with time. Biological grafts enforce tissues. The aim was to compare functional outcome and quality of life at 1 year with and without Permacol reinforcement to... | Biologic tissue enhancers (Permacol) do not add morbidity. Sphincter augmentation results in significant improvement in continence and quality of life scores compared with the preoperative scores in the short term over traditional repair. Long-term studies are needed to determine if this effect is sustained. | yes |
21,897,387 | Does rapid non-genomic signalling by 17β-oestradiol through c-Src involve mTOR-dependent expression of HIF-1α in breast cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) has been implicated in regulating many of the genes responsible for angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, glucose metabolism and cancer pathogenesis. In this study, we demonstrate that exposure of human breast cancer lines to 17β-oestradiol (E2) rapidly induced the expre... | These results show oestradiol-induced expression of HIF-1α, downstream of the ERα/c-Src/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in human breast cancer cells. | yes |
21,897,388 | Are gSTPi-positive tumour microenvironment-associated fibroblasts significantly associated with GSTPi-negative cancer cells in paired cases of primary invasive breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastases? | {
"contexts": [
"Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GSTPi) expression is one of the factors, which is known to be associated with development of resistance to chemotherapeutics in cancer patients, including those with breast cancer. Yet, its expression has been reported to be undetectable in cancer cells in high perce... | This is an original report of demonstration of a significance association between tumour microenvironment-associated GSTPi-positive CAF (vimentin/α-SMA-positive) and the GSTPi-negative cancer cells in paired cases of primary invasive breast cancer and the corresponding axillary lymph nodes metastases. | yes |
21,887,731 | Do enterotoxin-producing staphylococci cause intestinal inflammation by a combination of direct epithelial cytopathy and superantigen-mediated T-cell activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus may cause severe inflammatory intestinal disease, particularly in infants or immunodeficient or elderly patients. They are also recognized to be associated with sudden infant death syndrome. Little is known, however, about mucosal responses to staphyloc... | Staphylococci induce enterocolitis by a combination of direct enterocyte cytopathy mediated by EDIN toxins, disrupting the epithelial barrier, and enterotoxin superantigen-induced mucosal T-cell activation. Gut epithelial production of β-defensins may contribute to host defense against invasive staphylococcal disease. | yes |
21,895,886 | Does deep sequencing of short RNAs reveal novel microRNAs in minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren 's syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Sjögren's syndrome is a complex autoimmune disease of the salivary gland with an unknown etiology, so a thorough characterization of the transcriptome would facilitate our understanding of the disease. We use ultradeep sequencing of small RNAs from patients with Sjögren's syndrome and healthy vol... | Sequencing small RNAs in the salivary gland is largely unprecedented, but here, we show the feasibility of discovering novel miRNAs and disease biomarkers by sequencing the transcriptome. | yes |
21,890,311 | Are poly-L/D-lactic acid anchors associated with reoperation and failure of SLAP repairs? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigates factors associated with failure and reoperation after glenoid labrum repair.",
"We studied a nonconcurrent cohort of consecutive patients undergoing arthroscopic superior labrum repair at a single institution by 2 fellowship-trained surgeons over a 10-year period.",
... | Bioabsorbable PLDLA anchor material led to significantly more SLAP repair failures and reoperations compared with nonabsorbable suture anchors. Our recommendation is that glenoid labrum repairs be performed with nondegradable material and, specifically, that the use of anchors composed of PLDLA material should be avoid... | yes |
21,898,502 | Is regression of established hepatocellular carcinoma induced by chemoimmunotherapy in an orthotopic murine model? | {
"contexts": [
"The high rate of mortality and frequent incidence of recurrence associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) reveal the need for new therapeutic approaches. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of a novel chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy to control HCC and investigated the underlying mechanis... | These findings indicate that sunitinib inhibits HCC tumor growth directly through the STAT3 pathway and prevents tumor antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell tolerance, thus defining a synergistic chemoimmunotherapeutic approach for HCC. | yes |
21,895,621 | Is lactobacillus salivarius plus fructo-oligosaccharide superior to fructo-oligosaccharide alone for treating children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis : a double-blind , randomized , clinical trial of efficacy and safety? | {
"contexts": [
"Some probiotics can ameliorate childhood atopic dermatitis (AD). Prebiotics have also shown some efficacy, although when combined with probiotics as synbiotics, their efficacy may improve.",
"We compared the effects of Lactobacillus salivarius and fructo-oligosaccharide (synbiotic) with fruct... | A synbiotic combination of L. salivarius plus fructo-oligosaccharide is superior to the prebiotic alone for treating moderate to severe childhood AD. However, continued follow-up will be necessary to ascertain long-term benefits. | yes |
21,873,171 | Is kRAS-mediated up-regulation of RRM2 expression essential for the proliferation of colorectal cancer cell lines? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously investigated the mRNA expression of colorectal cancer cell lines via a microarray analysis and found several genes that were significantly up-regulated by oncogenic KRAS under serum-starved conditions. Of these genes, we focused on ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2), which was repor... | RRM2 represents a novel therapeutic target, thus highlighting the potential utility of RRM2 inhibitors in colorectal cancer with oncogenic KRAS. | yes |
21,901,684 | Does clotting factor concentrate given to prevent bleeding and bleeding-related complications in people with hemophilia A or B? | {
"contexts": [
"The hallmark of severe hemophilia is recurrent bleeding into joints and soft tissues with progressive joint damage, notwithstanding on-demand treatment. Prophylaxis has long been used but not universally adopted because of medical, psychosocial, and cost controversies.",
"To determine the eff... | There is strong evidence from randomised controlled trials and observational trials that prophylaxis preserves joint function in children with hemophilia as compared to on-demand treatment. There is insufficient evidence from randomised controlled trials to confirm the observational evidence that prophylaxis decreases ... | yes |
21,885,316 | Do cD4+ cell counts and HIV-RNA levels do not predict outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized HIV-infected patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Outcomes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in relation to CD4+ cell counts have not been established. We examined the correlation of CD4+ cell count and HIV-RNA level with the clinical outcomes of CAP in hospitalized HIV-infected patients.",
"This was a retrospective study of 127 adult ho... | Our study shows that clinical outcomes of HIV-infected patients with CAP are not predicted by CD4+ cell counts or HIV-RNA levels after adjusting for confounders. The management of CAP in patients with HIV infection should not be based on CD4+ cell counts or HIV-RNA levels of the HIV infection. | yes |
21,893,293 | Does monoenergetic imaging of dual-energy CT reduce artifacts from implanted metal orthopedic devices in patients with factures? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to optimize photon energy setting to reduce metal artifact of computed tomography (CT) images from implanted metal orthopedic devices in patients with fractures with monoenergetic imaging of dual-energy CT.",
"This study included 47 patients with factures who und... | Monoenergetic imaging of dual-energy CT improves quality of CT images in patients with metal orthopedic devices after fracture. Reformatted images at 130 keV have the optimal quality for total, internal, and external metal orthopedic devices. | yes |
21,887,276 | Does cK2 phosphorylation of Schistosoma mansoni HMGB1 protein regulate its cellular traffic and secretion but not its DNA transactions? | {
"contexts": [
"The helminth Schistosoma mansoni parasite resides in mesenteric veins where fecundated female worms lay hundred of eggs daily. Some of the egg antigens are trapped in the liver and induce a vigorous granulomatous response. High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear factor, can also be secreted ... | We showed that secretion of SmHMGB1 is regulated by phosphorylation. Moreover, our results suggest that egg-secreted SmHMGB1 may represent a new egg antigen. Therefore, the identification of drugs that specifically target phosphorylation of SmHMGB1 might block its secretion and interfere with the pathogenesis of schist... | yes |
21,901,524 | Does knockdown of Mad2 induce osteosarcoma cell apoptosis-involved Rad21 cleavage? | {
"contexts": [
"Besides Mad2's role in carcinogenesis, recent study has shown that it is essential in cell survival. Here we found that knockdown of Mad2 causes osteosarcoma cell death through apoptosis, with the apoptotic signal resulting from Rad21 cleavage.",
"U2OS and MG63 cells were divided into three g... | These results confirmed that knockdown of Mad2 causes osteosarcoma cell death through apoptosis and provides evidence that the apoptotic signal resulted from Rad21 cleavage. This study suggested that Mad2 has potential to be a novel target for cancer therapy. | yes |
21,872,457 | Is alpha-1 antitrypsin elevated in exhaled breath condensate and serum in exacerbated COPD patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly contribute to COPD-related morbidity. Diagnosis of COPD exacerbations may be improved by analyzing biomarkers such as alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT). AAT is an acute-phase protein and inhibitor of neutrophil elastase. Deficien... | AAT in EBC was detectable and quantifiable. AAT measured in EBC was significantly increased during exacerbations of COPD and can potentially be used as a biomarker in exacerbations. | yes |
21,898,630 | Do the use of coupled HSQC spectra to aid in stereochemical assignments of molecules with severe proton spectral overlap? | {
"contexts": [
"A simple glycoside with only 13 carbons exhibited extensive overlapping of four of the glycosidic protons, causing extreme difficulty in the determination of the stereochemistry of the pyranose unit. However, acquisition of a high-resolution coupled heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) s... | The study has shown the effectiveness of the use of a high-resolution coupled HSQC spectrum in the assignment of molecules with severe spectral overlap. | yes |
21,872,274 | Is evaluation of early dynamic changes of intracranial arterial occlusion useful for stroke etiology diagnosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The etiologic diagnosis of intracranial arterial occlusion is sometimes challenging because of the dynamic nature of acute stroke. We investigated whether short-term follow-up vascular imaging adds additional information to the differential diagnosis between intracranial atherosclerotic and embol... | In the absence of follow-up vascular imaging, a substantial proportion of patients with intracranial middle cerebral arterial occlusion may be misdiagnosed as ICLAA. Evaluation of early dynamic changes in intracranial middle cerebral arterial occlusion may provide useful information for the differential diagnosis of in... | yes |
21,893,052 | Is plasma aluminum a risk factor for oxidative stress and inflammation status in hemodialysis patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The association between aluminum (Al), essential trace metals, oxidative stress, and inflammation status was evaluated in hemodialysis patients.",
"Biochemical parameters in blood were determined in long-term hemodialysis patients (n=69) and age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30).",
... | An increased plasma Al concentration is associated with disturbed concentrations of essential metals, increased oxidative stress, and increased inflammation status in hemodialysis patients. | yes |
21,875,391 | Is mild thyroid hormone excess associated with a decreased physical function in elderly men? | {
"contexts": [
"In the adult, subclinical hyperthyroidism (Shyper) may alter skeletal muscle mass and strength. However, whether these effects are present in elderly subjects is not known. We explored the relationship between mild hyperthyroidism and physical function in a population-based sample of older person... | Even a modest thyroid hormone excess is associated with a reduced physical function in elderly men. | yes |
21,881,704 | Are the 2000 Bernstein-Parsonnet score and EuroSCORE similar in predicting mortality at the Heart Institute , USP? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the performance of 2000 Bernstein-Parsonnet (2000BP) and additive EuroSCORE (ES) for predicting surgical mortality at the Heart Institute, University of São Paulo.",
"A prospective observational design. Seven hundred and seventy four patients were operated for coronary artery bypa... | Both models are similar and adequate in predicting surgical mortality at the InCor-USP. | yes |
21,878,121 | Does potential prognostic marker ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 predict patient survival in non-small cell lung carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that is highly expressed throughout the central and peripheral nervous system and in cells of the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Aberrant function of UCH-L1 has been associated with neurological disorders such as Parki... | Although UCH-L1 appears to be involved in carcinogenic processes in NSCLC cell lines, the absence of correlation with patient survival indicates that caution is required in the use of UCH-L1 as a potential prognostic marker for advanced stage and metastasis in lung carcinoma. | no |
21,878,818 | Do outcomes of fornix-based versus limbus-based conjunctival incisions for glaucoma drainage device implant? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of conjunctival incision location on the long-term efficacy of nonvalved glaucoma drainage devices.",
"We conducted a retrospective review of patients ≥18 years of age with uncontrolled glaucoma [intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥18 mm Hg] who underwent glaucoma drainage dev... | Both incision techniques were equally effective in controlling IOP. Each surgical approach has its advantages and this study suggests that either technique may be used safely and effectively. | yes |
21,885,725 | Does severity of asthma score predict clinical outcomes in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"The severity of asthma (SOA) score is based on a validated disease-specific questionnaire that addresses frequency of asthma symptoms, use of systemic corticosteroids, use of other asthma medications, and history of hospitalization/intubation for asthma. SOA does not require measurements of pulmo... | SOA score was a powerful predictor of adverse clinical outcomes in moderate to severe asthma, as evaluated by either logistic regression analysis or CART analysis. | yes |
21,885,726 | Is severe COPD correlated with mild radiation pneumonitis following stereotactic body radiotherapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The primary cause of COPD and lung cancer is smoking. Thus, patients with COPD frequently have lung cancer that often is inoperable. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is anticipated to be the standard of care for inoperable early stage non-small cell lung cancer. The most critical toxici... | RP following SBRT in patients with severe COPD was relatively mild. Heavy smoking was the strongest negative predictor for severe RP and was correlated with severe COPD. Further follow-up and quantitative analysis of lung function might be needed to ascertain longer tolerability to SBRT. | yes |
21,885,723 | Does exercise induce rapid interstitial lung water accumulation in patients with chronic mountain sickness? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic mountain sickness (CMS) is a major public health problem in mountainous regions of the world. In its more advanced stages, exercise intolerance is often found, but the underlying mechanism is not known. Recent evidence indicates that exercise-induced pulmonary hypertension is markedly exa... | To our knowledge, these findings provide the first direct evidence that exercise induces rapid interstitial lung fluid accumulation and hypoxemia in patients with CMS that appear to be related to exaggerated pulmonary hypertension. We suggest that this problem contributes to exercise intolerance in patients with CMS. | yes |
21,900,363 | Is physical activity inversely associated with microalbuminuria in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk : data from I-SEARCH? | {
"contexts": [
"Microalbuminuria (MAU) is a marker for endothelial dysfunction and a predictor of increased cardiovascular risk. Physical activity improves endothelial function. This analysis aims to explore the impact of regular physical exercise on the prevalence and the degree of MAU in hypertensive individua... | In hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk, physical activity is an independent predictor for a decreased risk of microalbuminuria. | yes |
21,889,167 | Are affective symptoms associated with markers of inflammation and immune activation in bipolar disorders but not in schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated levels of inflammation are reported in bipolar disorders (BP), but how this relates to affective symptoms is unclear. We aimed to determine if immune markers that consistently have been reported elevated in BP were associated with depressive and manic symptoms, and if this was specific f... | The current associations between inflammatory markers and affective symptomatology in BP and not SCZ suggest that immune related mechanisms are associated with core psychopathology of BP. | yes |
21,871,269 | Do long-term survival and quality of life justify cardiac surgery in the very elderly patient? | {
"contexts": [
"Elderly patients are often discouraged from undergoing cardiac surgery procedures owing to the perception of high mortality and poor functional outcomes. This study evaluates long-term survival and quality of life after cardiac surgery in octogenarian and nonagenarian patients.",
"We identifi... | Cardiac surgery in the very elderly patient can be performed with low operative mortality, excellent long-term survival, and postoperative quality of life exceeding that of the general elderly population. | yes |
21,871,268 | Are expression and function of endothelial nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA and protein higher in internal mammary than in radial arteries? | {
"contexts": [
"The internal mammary artery (IMA) has a better long-term patency rate than the radial artery (RA), but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. We compared endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and related NO release in these two arteries.",
"Real-time polymerase chain reaction was... | Endothelial cells in the IMA express higher levels of eNOS mRNA and protein than those in the RA, which is linked with higher release of NO. These findings may be related to the superior long-term patency rate of the IMA vs the RA. This study also provides some basic genetic information for grafting arteries. | yes |
21,878,225 | Is endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta superior to resuscitative thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a porcine model of hemorrhagic shock? | {
"contexts": [
"Noncompressible torso hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially preventable death on the modern battlefield. The objective of this study is to characterize resuscitative aortic balloon occlusion (BO) compared to thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a model of hemorrhagic shock.",
"A total... | Resuscitative aortic BO increases central perfusion pressures with less physiologic disturbance than thoracotomy with aortic clamping in a model of hemorrhagic shock. Endovascular BO of the aorta should be explored further as an option in the management of noncompressible torso hemorrhage. | yes |
21,878,227 | Do histone deacetylase inhibitors enhance endothelial cell sprouting angiogenesis in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Treatment with histone deacetylases inhibitors (HDACi) such as valproic acid (VPA) and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been shown to improve survival after lethal insults through mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Cell survival under adverse conditions requires a healthy netw... | Exposure of HUVECs to VPA and SAHA increased the expression of β-catenin and enhanced spheroid sprout formation in vitro. Modulation of HDAC-dependent pathways may offer a novel approach to alter angiogenic processes and provide a useful therapeutic target. | yes |
21,886,831 | Does down-regulated NOD2 by immunosuppressants in peripheral blood cells in patients with SLE reduce the muramyl dipeptide-induced IL-10 production? | {
"contexts": [
"Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as Toll-like receptors are aberrantly expressed of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, for playing immunopathological roles.",
"We investigated the expression and function of the PRR nucleotide-bi... | Bacterial exposure may increase the NOD2 expression in monocytes in immunosuppressant naïve SLE patients which can subsequently lead to aberrant activation of PBMCs to produce proinflammatory cytokines, implicating the innate immune response for extracellular pathogens in the immunopathological mechanisms in SLE. Immun... | yes |
21,886,832 | Does hepatitis C virus infection suppress the interferon response in the liver of the human hepatocyte chimeric mouse? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies indicate that hepatitis C virus (HCV) can modulate the expression of various genes including those involved in interferon signaling, and up-regulation of interferon-stimulated genes by HCV was reported to be strongly associated with treatment outcome. To expand our understanding of... | These results provide molecular insights into possible mechanisms used by HCV to evade innate immune responses, as well as novel therapeutic targets and a potential new indication for interferon therapy. | yes |
21,881,112 | Does viruslike particle vaccine induce protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and viral death in infants. Despite decades of research with traditional or subunit vaccine approaches, there are no approved RSV vaccines. New approaches are therefore urgently needed to develop effective RSV vaccines.",
... | This study demonstrates that VLP vaccination provides effective protection against RSV infection. VLPs containing RSV-F and/or RSV-G are potential vaccine candidates against RSV. | yes |
21,881,123 | Does bCG vaccination induce different cytokine profiles following infant BCG vaccination in the UK and Malawi? | {
"contexts": [
"BCG vaccination of infants is thought to provide good protection in all settings. This study investigated whether Malawian infants made weaker responses across a cytokine panel after BCG vaccination, compared with UK infants.",
"Diluted whole-blood samples were cultured with Mycobacterium tub... | Malawian infants make cytokine responses following BCG vaccination, but the cytokine profile is different from that in the UK. The different biosignatures following BCG vaccination in the 2 settings may indicate variability in the protective efficacy of infant BCG vaccination. | yes |
21,881,969 | Does runx2 promote both osteoblastogenesis and novel osteoclastogenic signals in ST2 mesenchymal progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"We profiled the global gene expression of a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal pluripotent cell line in response to Runx2 expression. Besides osteoblast differentiation, Runx2 promoted the osteoclastogenesis of co-cultured splenocytes. This was attributable to the upregulation of many novel osteocla... | Direct control of osteoblast differentiation and concomitant indirect control of osteoclast differentiation, both through the activity of Runx2 in pre-osteoblasts, constitute a novel mechanism of coordination with a potential crucial role in coupling bone formation and resorption. | yes |
21,879,265 | Do postoperative complications deteriorate long-term outcome in pancreatic cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Different tumor-specific prognostic factors have been identified in recent years for patients who undergo surgery due to pancreatic head cancer, but the results often were inconsistent. Furthermore, the impact of postoperative complications on patient long-term survival has not been described.",
... | This large study demonstrates that severe postoperative complications have a strong impact on the long-term survival of patients with pancreatic head cancer comparable to tumor characteristics, such as lymph node status, grading, or R status. As a result, the improvement of surgical procedures in specialized centers mi... | yes |
21,893,553 | Do relationship between platelet indices and spontaneous echo contrast in patients with mitral stenosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the association of platelet indices with spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in patients with mitral stenosis.",
"A total of 232 consecutive patients with mitral stenosis who undergoing mitral balloon valvuloplasty were enrolled to the study. Patients were divided into two groups acc... | In patients with mitral stenosis, cheaply and easily measurable platelet indices including MPV and PCT levels are associated with the presence of SEC and are independent risk factors of SEC. | yes |
21,883,377 | Does distemper virus encephalitis exert detrimental effects on hippocampal neurogenesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite knowledge about the impact of brain inflammation on hippocampal neurogenesis, data on the influence of virus encephalitis on dentate granule cell neurogenesis are so far limited. Canine distemper is considered an interesting model of virus encephalitis, which can be associated with a chro... | Our data demonstrate that virus encephalitis with and without seizures can exert detrimental effects on hippocampal neurogenesis, which might contribute to long-term consequences of the disease. The lack of a significant impact of distemper virus on Ki-67-labelled cells indicates that the infection affected neuronal di... | yes |
21,883,373 | Does lack of Jun-N-terminal kinase 3 ( JNK3 ) protect against neurodegeneration induced by 3-nitropropionic acid? | {
"contexts": [
"3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is a toxin that replicates most of the clinical and pathophysiological symptoms of Huntington's disease, inducing neurodegeneration in the striatum due to the inhibition of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase. Different pathways have been implicated in the cell deat... | Although JNK3 is a key protein involved in cell death in different neurodegenerative diseases, the present study demonstrates that the lack of JNK3 does not confer neuroprotection against 3-NP-induced neuronal death. | no |
21,890,102 | Does increased skin autofluorescence after colorectal operation reflect surgical stress and postoperative outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"Abdominal surgery is a major oxidative stress effector. The increase in oxidative stress has been related to postoperative complications. Oxidative stress leads to the formation and accumulation of oxidation protein end products, which exhibit autofluorescence (AF) and induce inflammatory reactio... | This is the first study to demonstrate an association between skin AF and surgical stress and outcomes, which may rate the condition of a patient after operation. | yes |
21,877,027 | Is cerebellar atrophy infrequently [ corrected ] associated with non-paraneoplastic sensory neuronopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Sensory neuronopathies (SN) are peripheral nervous system disorders associated with degeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Despite the evidence of a defective proprioceptive sensory input in SN,the prominent gait and truncal ataxia raises the question of a concomitant involvement of the ce... | Cerebellar atrophy is infrequently associated with SN, but can be found in some patients with SN related to infectious or immune mediated conditions. It can be more prominent in the anterior lobe and may contribute to the ataxia seen in these patients. | yes |
21,880,276 | Are antral follicle counts strongly associated with live-birth rates after assisted reproduction , with superior treatment outcome in women with polycystic ovaries? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the association of antral follicle count (AFC) with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) outcome in a large unselected cohort of patients covering the entire range of AFC.",
"Prospective observational study.",
"University-affiliated private infert... | Pregnancy and live-birth rates are log-linearly related to AFC. Polycystic ovaries, most often excluded from studies on ovarian reserve, fit as one extreme in the spectrum of AFC; a low count constitutes the other extreme, with the lowest ovarian reserve and poor treatment outcome. The findings remained statistically s... | yes |
21,885,501 | Does decoy receptor 3 attenuate collagen-induced arthritis by modulating T cell activation and B cell expansion? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the immune-modulated effects of decoy receptor 3 (DCR3) in an experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).",
"We delivered DCR3 plasmid into collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice using the hydrodynamic method and evaluated the serum level of DCR3 protein by ELISA. After imm... | We postulated that the protective effects of DCR3 in CIA resulted from modulation of the immune system by maintaining the B/T cell balance and decreasing lymphocyte expansion. We suggest DCR3 as a prophylactic and potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of RA. | yes |
21,876,549 | Does smartPill technology provide safe and effective assessment of gastrointestinal function in persons with spinal cord injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in gastrointestinal (GI) complications, including gastroesophageal reflux disease and constipation, but much of the data is based on older technology.",
"GI transit times were determined in subjects with SCI using a new device called a SmartPill. Our principal... | Our results indicate that the SmartPill technology is a safe, non-invasive assessment technique that provides valid diagnostic information in persons with SCI. | yes |
21,876,547 | Is cholesterol efflux from macrophages influenced differentially by plasmas from overweight insulin-sensitive and -resistant subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"In vitro measurements of cholesterol efflux from macrophages have recently been shown to associate with cardiovascular risk. We investigated whether cholesterol efflux from macrophages incubated with plasmas from overweight/obese subjects with metabolic syndrome was influenced by the presence of ... | Plasmas from overweight subjects with insulin resistance induced greater in vitro cholesterol efflux compared with IS subjects. Efflux inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity suggesting an increase in reverse cholesterol transport in the IR state that may lead to greater transfer of cholesterol to apoB lipoprotei... | yes |
21,883,637 | Does arriving by emergency medical services improve time to treatment endpoints for patients with severe sepsis or septic shock? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to evaluate the effect of arrival to the emergency department (ED) by emergency medical services (EMS) on time to initiation of antibiotics, time to initiation of intravenous fluids (IVF), and in-hospital mortality in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock.",
"The auth... | Out-of-hospital care was associated with improved in-hospital processes for the care of critically ill patients. Despite shortened ED treatment times for septic patients who arrive by EMS, a mortality benefit could not be demonstrated. | yes |
21,889,931 | Is prooxidant-anti-oxidant balance associated with extent of coronary artery disease? | {
"contexts": [
"We have measured the pro-oxidant-antioxidant-balance (PAB) levels in patients with defined coronary artery disease (CAD) and compared them with concentrations in healthy subjects.",
"Based on angiography results, 400 patients with stable CAD were divided into CAD- and CAD+, this being further... | In conclusion, we found higher levels of oxidative stress in CAD+ patients compared to healthy subjects. The oxidation level was not related to measures of the extent of CAD such as number of stenosed vessels. | no |
21,882,021 | Does renal vein lengthening using gonadal vein reduce surgical difficulty in living-donor kidney transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"During living-donor kidney transplantation, to maximally decrease donor injury, the right kidney with lower glomerular filtration rate often is selected as the donor kidney. However, the renal vein of the right kidney is relatively short for transplantation. The gonadal vein is essentially useles... | When donor renal veins are too short for effective kidney transplantation and may affect reliability of vascular anastomosis, they can be lengthened by using gonadal veins without increasing injury to the donor. Successful extension of donor kidney renal veins expands the indication for right donor kidneys. | yes |
21,887,662 | Does ambrisentan improve exercise capacity and symptoms in patients with portopulmonary hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Ambrisentan, a selective endothelin receptor antagonist has been approved in several countries for pulmonary arterial hypertension. No data have been published on the efficacy of ambrisentan on improvement of exercise capacity in patients with portopulmonary hypertension (PoPH).",
"We retrosp... | The present study demonstrates significant improvement of exercise capacity and clinical symptoms without relevant safety concerns during ambrisentan treatment in patients with PoPH. | yes |
21,880,146 | Does mesothelin confer pancreatic cancer cell resistance to TNF-α-induced apoptosis through Akt/PI3K/NF-κB activation and IL-6/Mcl-1 overexpression? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies showed that mesothelin (MSLN) plays important roles in survival of pancreatic cancer (PC) cells under anchorage dependent/independent conditions as well as resistance to chemotherapy. The recent success of intratumorally-injected adeno-encoded, chemo/radiation-inducible-promoter ... | Our study delineates a MSLN-Akt-NF-κB-IL-6-Mcl-1 survival axis that may be operative in PC cells, and might help cancer cells' survival in the highly inflammatory milieu evident in PC. Further, for the success of TNFerade + gemcitabine to be successful, we feel the simultaneous inhibition of components of this axis is ... | yes |
21,886,079 | Is cA-125 level associated with right ventricular echocardiographic parameters in patients with COPD? | {
"contexts": [
"A few studies have shown that elevated CA-125 levels are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there are no data concerning the associaton between serum CA-125 levels and right ventricular (RV) function in COPD patients. This study aimed to evaluate the relationsh... | Our results show an independent correlation between CA-125 levels and systolic pulmonary artery pressure in COPD patients. The clinical utility of these results at this point in time is unknown and deserves future research. | yes |
21,898,484 | Does immunization with aspartate-β-hydroxylase-loaded dendritic cells produce antitumor effects in a rat model of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Dendritic cells (DCs) capture and process proteins and present peptides on the cell surface in the context of major histocompatibility complex I and II molecules to induce antigen-specific T cell immune responses. The aims of this study were to (1) employ an expanded and purified DC population an... | These findings suggest that immunization with ASPH-loaded DCs may constitute a novel therapeutic approach for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, because this protein also appears to be highly conserved and expressed on human hepatobiliary tumors. | yes |
21,895,661 | Do hepatocytes produce tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in response to Porphyromonas gingivalis? | {
"contexts": [
"The liver plays a major role in clearing systemic bacterial infections. In addition, inflammatory cytokines produced in the liver play a critical role in systemic cytokine levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) b... | The results obtained in the present study show that P. gingivalis extract induces TNF-α and IL-6 in an in vitro liver model and that macrophage-derived TNF-α mediates the induction of TNF-α in hepatocytes. | yes |
21,873,936 | Does actin cytoskeleton modulate ADMA-induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, increases the activity of NF-κB (NF-κB) and then induces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). However, the mechanisms regulating ADMA-induced NF-κB activation are unknown. This study ... | Actin cytoskeleton may be engaged in modulated ADMA-induced NF-κB activation and thereby ICAM-1 expression in endothelial cells. | yes |
21,871,059 | Does an increased risk of urinary tract infection precede development of primary biliary cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary Biliary Cirrhosis is known to be associated with Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), but whether these precede or follow the liver disease is unclear. We have therefore attempted to determine whether UTIs are more common in people with Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) prior to their diagnosis... | We found that the association between urosepsis and PBC is specific to this disease and precedes the diagnosis of PBC in a manner not previously observed in human data. This is consistent with a causal relationship. | yes |
21,871,057 | Does walnut oil increase cholesterol efflux through inhibition of stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Walnuts significantly decrease total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in normo- and hypercholesterolemic individuals. No study to date has evaluated the effects of walnuts on cholesterol efflux, the initial step in reverse cholesterol transport, in macrophage-derived foam cells (MDFC). The... | In conclusion, walnut oil contains bioactive molecules that significantly improve cholesterol efflux in MDFC. However, the beneficial effects of walnut intake may be reduced by the presence of a pro-inflammatory state. | yes |
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