pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
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21,889,786 | Is outdoor , but not indoor , nitrogen dioxide exposure associated with persistent cough during the first year of life? | {
"contexts": [
"Because their lungs and immune system are not completely developed, children are more susceptible to respiratory disease and more vulnerable to ambient pollution. We assessed the relation between prenatal and postnatal nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) levels and the development of lower respiratory tract... | Our results indicate that exposure to outdoor, but not indoor, NO(2) during the first year of life increases the risk of persistent cough. | yes |
21,871,755 | Does pralidoxime inhibit paraoxon-induced depression of rocuronium-neuromuscular block in a time-dependent fashion? | {
"contexts": [
"The composite effects of organophosphorus (OP)-cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors and oximes on the actions of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers in acute OP-ChE inhibitor intoxication have not been evaluated in detail. We investigated the effects of paraoxon (Pox) (an OP-ChE inhibitor) and pral... | Paraoxon depressed rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block by inhibiting ChEs, and the action of Pox was inhibited by PAM. Pralidoxime acts more intensely when applied earlier. The time-dependent effect of PAM indicates that the preceding presence of PAM in proximity to ChEs before Pox is necessary for definite suppress... | yes |
21,899,770 | Is genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A pathway associated with Alzheimer 's disease risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Tau abnormal hyperphosphorylation and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in AD brain is the result of upregulation of tau kinases and downregulation of tau phosphatases.",
"In a group of 729 Spanish late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and 670 healthy controls, we examined varia... | Our negative findings in the Spanish population argue against the hypothesis that genetic variation in the tau protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) pathway is causally related to AD risk. | no |
21,871,824 | Are aortic stiffness and vitamin D independent markers of aortic calcification in patients with peripheral arterial disease and in healthy subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"Arterial stiffness is a significant determinant of cardiovascular risk and is related to vascular calcification. Vitamin D may regulate arterial calcification and has been associated with cardiovascular survival benefits. However, data about the relationship between arterial stiffness, aortic cal... | These results indicate that calcification of the aorta is independently associated with aortic stiffness and serum 25(OH)D level in patients with PAD and in healthy subjects. Aortic stiffness and abnormal vitamin D level may contribute to vascular calcification and are related to higher severity grade of atheroscleroti... | yes |
21,880,649 | Is mild chronic kidney disease an independent predictor of long-term mortality after emergency angiography and primary percutaneous intervention in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction? | {
"contexts": [
"Moderate renal impairment (RI) with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 is known to predict survival. The authors investigated whether mild RI with an estimated GFR of 60-89 ml/min/1.73 m2 independently predicts survival in a contemporary population with ST segment elevation myo... | Mild RI (eGFR=60-89 ml/min/1.73 m2) on admission is strongly predictive of short- and long-term mortality in patients with STEMI admitted to the catheter laboratory. A redefined threshold of clinically significant impairment is now required (GFR<90 ml/min/1.73 m2). | yes |
21,881,517 | Do fatigue resistance of 2 different CAD/CAM glass-ceramic materials used for single-tooth implant crowns? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the fatigue resistance of 2 different CAD/CAM in-office monoceramic materials with single-tooth implant-supported crowns in functional area.",
"A metal experimental model with a dental implant was designed to receive in-office CAD/CAM-generated monoceramic crowns. Laterally positi... | Lack in chemical adhesion between titanium abutment and dental cement likely reduces the fatigue resistance of machinable glass-ceramic materials. However, relatively better fractural strength of leucite glass-ceramics could be taken into consideration. Accordingly, progress on developmental changes in filler compositi... | yes |
21,895,612 | Are platelet antibodies and fetal growth : maternal antibodies against fetal platelet antigen 1a strongly associated with reduced birthweight in boys? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether maternal HPA 1a alloimmunization is associated with birthweight.",
"A retrospective observational cohort study.",
"The national reference laboratory for clinical platelet immunology at a university hospital.",
"165 HPA 1a incompatible pregnancies identified from a re... | A linear relation between maternal anti-HPA 1a antibody levels and reduced birthweight in boys was demonstrated. Reduced birthweight should be considered a possible complication of fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. | yes |
21,889,222 | Is young age under 60 years a contraindication to treatment with definitive dose escalated radiotherapy for prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"It is widely believed that younger prostate cancer patients are at greater risk of recurrence following radiotherapy (RT).",
"From 1992 to 2007, 2168 (395 age ≤ 60) men received conformal RT alone for prostate cancer at our institution (median dose=76 Gy, range: 72-80). Multivariable analysis... | This is the largest, most mature study of younger men treated with RT for prostate cancer that confirms young age is not prognostic for BF. | no |
21,889,224 | Is the maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) on FDG-PET a strong predictor of local recurrence for localized non-small-cell lung cancer after stereotactic body radiotherapy ( SBRT )? | {
"contexts": [
"The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of FDG-PET may predict local recurrence for localized non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).",
"Among 195 localized NSCLCs that were treated with total doses of either 40Gy or 50Gy in 5 SBRT fractions, we ... | SUVmax was the strongest predictor for local recurrence. A high SUVmax may be considered for dose escalation to improve local control. Additional follow-up is needed to determine if SUVmax is correlated with regional recurrence, distant metastasis, and survival. | yes |
21,884,569 | Do microenvironmental genomic alterations reveal signaling networks for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Advanced stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer with low survival rates. Loss-of-heterozygosity/allelic imbalance (LOH/AI) analysis has been widely used to identify genomic alterations in solid tumors and the tumor microenvironment (stroma). We hypothesize tha... | We verified the involvement of T-cell receptor signaling pathways in HNSCC as well as associated oncogenes such as LCK and PLCB1, and tumor suppressors such as STAT5A, PTPN6, PARK2. We identified expression levels of genes within significant LOH/AI regions specific to stroma networks that correlate with better outcome ... | yes |
21,871,266 | Is thromboxane-induced contractile response of human coronary arterioles diminished after cardioplegic arrest? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the contractile response of human coronary microvasculature to thromboxane A-2 (TXA-2), with and without the blockade of TXA-2 receptors or the inhibition of phospholipase-C (PLC) or of protein kinase C-α (PKC-α) in the human coronary microvasculature before and after cardioplegia... | Cardioplegia/Rep decreases the contractile response of human coronary arterioles to TXA-2 soon after cardiac operations. The contractile response to the TXA-2 analog U-46619 is through activation of TXA-2 receptors and PLC. | yes |
21,880,672 | Does venous thromboembolism share strong familial susceptibility with ischemic stroke : a nationwide family study in Sweden? | {
"contexts": [
"Coagulation allelic variants associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. This nationwide study aimed at determining whether VTE shares familial susceptibility with ischemic stroke.",
"The Swedish Multigeneration Regis... | VTE does not share strong familial susceptibility with ischemic stroke in the Swedish population. Moreover, familial nongenetic factors contribute to the observed weak familial associations. The present study suggests that it is unlikely that strong shared disease-causing mutations exist to a large extent in the Swedis... | no |
21,899,867 | Does viscoelastic clot strength predict coagulation-related mortality within 15 minutes? | {
"contexts": [
"Predicting refractory coagulopathy early in resuscitation of injured patients may decrease a leading cause of preventable death. We hypothesized that clot strength (G) measured by point-of-care rapid thrombelastography (r-TEG) on arrival in the emergency department can predict massive transfusion... | These data suggest that the point-of-care TEG parameter clot strength (G) provides consistent, independent prediction of MT and MT-death early in the resuscitation of injured patients. | yes |
21,900,332 | Is transradial access for renal artery intervention feasible and safe? | {
"contexts": [
"Transradial access for coronary intervention is associated with reduced access complications compared with transfemoral. Transradial access for renal artery intervention has been less well studied. Safety compared with transfemoral access is undetermined.",
"We evaluated the feasibility of tr... | Elective transradial renal intervention is feasible and safe. Radial-renal distance is a limitation with available guides. | yes |
21,892,940 | Is zebrafish Ext2 necessary for Fgf and Wnt signaling , but not for Hh signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis is tightly regulated during vertebrate embryo development. However, potential roles for HS biosynthesis in regulating the function of paracrine signaling molecules that bind to HS are incompletely understood.",
"In this report we have studied Fgf, Wnt and Hed... | We conclude that ext2 is involved in Fgf and Wnt signaling but not in Hh signaling, revealing an unexpected specificity for ext2 in signaling pathways during embryonic development. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that regulation of heparan sulfate biosynthesis has distinct instructive functions for different s... | yes |
21,899,517 | Do the Golgi apparatus in the endomembrane-rich gastric parietal cells exist as functional stable mini-stacks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm? | {
"contexts": [
"Acid-secreting gastric parietal cells are polarized epithelial cells that harbour highly abundant and specialized, H+,K+ ATPase-containing, tubulovesicular membranes in the apical cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus has been implicated in the biogenesis of the tubulovesicular membranes; however, an un... | These results indicate that the unusual organization of individual Golgi stacks dispersed throughout the cytoplasm of these terminally differentiated cells is likely to be a developmentally regulated event. | yes |
21,885,843 | Does telestroke-guided intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment achieve a similar clinical outcome as thrombolysis at a comprehensive stroke center? | {
"contexts": [
"Telestroke networks offer an opportunity to increase tissue-type plasminogen activator use in community hospitals.",
"We compared 83 patients treated with intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator by telestroke to 59 patients treated after in-person evaluation by the same neurologists at ... | Telestroke is a viable alternative to in-person evaluation when stroke expertise is not readily available. | yes |
21,896,991 | Is mDM2 amplification an independent prognostic feature of node-negative , estrogen receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"MDM2 is overexpressed and amplified in a number of malignant tumors including breast carcinomas. Cell culture experiments showed a close connection between %of MDM2 expression and estrogen receptor status in breast cancer cell lines. Only little is known about the role of MDM2 amplifications in e... | The MDM2 oncogene is amplified in a substantial proportion of ER+ early-stage breast carcinomas and an independent parameter for poor patient outcome in this subgroup. The prognostic effect of MDM2 is closely connected to estrogen receptor expression of breast carcinomas. | yes |
21,873,595 | Does concentration of hyaluronic acid in human vocal fold in young and old subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare and evaluate concentrations of hyaluronic acid (HA) in normal vocal folds of both young and elderly people of both sexes.",
"Experimental study.",
"The research was carried out at the ENT, Head and Neck Surgery Department and the Pharmacology Institute of São Paulo Federal Univ... | HA concentrations are higher in the cover and ligament compared with the muscle in both genders and age groups, and there is a higher HA concentration in ligament compared with the muscle of young subjects of both genders. HA levels in the cover samples of younger women showed great variability that may relate to ovari... | yes |
21,885,846 | Do human thrombomodulin knock-in mice reveal differential effects of human thrombomodulin on thrombosis and atherosclerosis? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to develop a murine model to examine the antithrombotic and antiinflammatory functions of human thrombomodulin in vivo.",
"Knock-in mice that express human thrombomodulin from the murine thrombomodulin gene locus were generated. Compared with wild-type mice, human thrombomodulin kno... | Expression of human thrombomodulin in place of murine thrombomodulin produces viable mice with a prothrombotic phenotype but unaltered responses to systemic inflammatory or atherogenic stimuli. This humanized animal model will be useful for investigating the function of human thrombomodulin under pathophysiological con... | yes |
21,901,153 | Are the lipid-sensor candidates CD36 and GPR120 differentially regulated by dietary lipids in mouse taste buds : impact on spontaneous fat preference? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies in rodents and humans suggest that the chemoreception of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in oral cavity is involved in the spontaneous preference for fatty foods and might contribute to the obesity risk. CD36 and GPR120 are LCFA receptors identified in rodent taste bud cells. The fac... | In contrast to GPR120, CD36 appears to be a food-sensitive lipid sensor in the gustatory circumvallate papillae. Lipid-mediated change in lingual CD36 expression might modulate the motivation for fat during a meal, initially high and then gradually decreasing secondary to the food intake. This short-term lipid-mediated... | yes |
21,901,057 | Does long-term L-carnitine administration reduce erythropoietin resistance in chronic hemodialysis patients with thalassemia minor? | {
"contexts": [
"Both thalassemia and carnitine deficiency represent independent causes of erythropoietin resistance, and thus anemia, in uremic patients. We evaluated the unknown long-term effects of L-carnitine administration in β-thalassemic on chronic hemodialysis.",
"We studied twelve subjects (M = 8; F ... | This study provides evidence of the lowering of EPO resistance in β-thalassemia patients on hemodialysis due to long-term carnitine administration. Thus, prolonged carnitine supplementation should be suggested to patients on dialysis affected by β-thalassemia with poorly responsive anemia, or requiring large doses of e... | yes |
21,885,215 | Does access to a running wheel decrease cocaine-primed and cue-induced reinstatement in male and female rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Relapse to drug use after a period of abstinence is a persistent problem in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Physical activity decreases cocaine self-administration in laboratory animals and is associated with a positive prognosis in human substance-abusing populations. The purpose of this st... | These data indicate that long-term access to a running wheel decreases drug-primed and cue-induced reinstatement, and that physical activity may be effective at preventing relapse in substance-abusing populations. | yes |
21,885,210 | Do major depression and treatment response in adolescents with ADHD and substance use disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co-occurs in adolescents with substance use disorders (SUDs) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but the impact of MDD on substance treatment and ADHD outcomes and implications for clinical practice are unclear.",
"Adolescents (n=303... | These preliminary findings suggest that compared to non-depressed adolescents with ADHD and SUD, those with co-occurring MDD have more severe substance use at baseline and throughout treatment. Such youth may require interventions targeting depression. | yes |
21,886,308 | Is a polymorphism in the retinol binding protein 4 gene associated with gestational diabetes mellitus in several different ethnic groups? | {
"contexts": [
"Various Asian and Pacifific Islander groups have higher prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. This increased incidence is likely to include genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the retinol binding protein 4 gene have been linked to the occurrence of type 2 d... | Interestingly, the rs3758539 retinol binding protein 4 single nucleotide polymorphism was not found to be associated with gestational diabetes. The absence of association suggests that gestational and type 2 diabetes may have more divergent molecular pathophysiology than previously suspected. | no |
21,895,660 | Does irsogladine maleate regulate epithelial barrier function in tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated human gingival epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"As epithelial cells function as a mechanical barrier, the permeability of the gingival epithelial cell layer indicates a defensive capability against invasion by periodontal pathogens. We have reported the expression of claudin-1 and E-cadherin, key regulators of permeability, in the gingival jun... | The results suggest that IM reverses the TNF-α-induced disruption of the gingival epithelial barrier by regulating E-cadherin and claudin-1. | yes |
21,881,011 | Are psychosocial complaints associated with venous access-device related complications in patients on home parenteral nutrition? | {
"contexts": [
"Complications related to venous access devices (VADs) remain the major drawback of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) support. In addition to technical issues, patients also experience psychosocial problems. The aim of this study is to present an overview of VAD-related complications in patients on ... | Psychosocial complaints are associated with previously experienced VAD-related complications in patients on HPN therapy. Although only an association, and not a causal relationship is demonstrated by these findings, our results underscore the need for preventive and therapeutic measures regarding both types of problems... | yes |
21,872,912 | Do functional KCa3.1 K+ channels are required for human fibrocyte migration? | {
"contexts": [
"Fibrocytes are bone marrow-derived CD34(+) collagen I-positive cells present in peripheral blood that develop α-smooth muscle actin expression and contractile activity in tissue culture. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue remodeling and fibrosis in both patients with asthma and tho... | The K(+) channel K(Ca)3.1 plays a key role in human fibrocyte migration. Currently available K(Ca)3.1-channel blockers might therefore attenuate tissue fibrosis and remodeling in patients with diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and asthma through the inhibition of fibrocyte recruitment. | yes |
21,888,644 | Is in vitro toxicity of particulate matter ( PM ) collected at different sites in the Netherlands associated with PM composition , size fraction and oxidative potential -- the RAPTES project? | {
"contexts": [
"Ambient particulate matter (PM) exposure is associated with respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To what extent such effects are different for PM obtained from different sources or locations is still unclear. This study investigated the in vitro toxicity of ambient PM collected... | The response of RAW264.7 cells to ambient PM was markedly different using samples collected at various sites in the Netherlands that differed in their local PM emission sources. Our results are in support of other investigations showing that the chemical composition as well as oxidative potential are determinants of PM... | yes |
21,892,202 | Do reactive oxygen species contribute to oridonin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in oridonin-induced apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells.",
"The cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Morphological changes of apoptosis and autophagy were examined using Hoechst 33258 staining and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) st... | ROS plays a critical role in oridonin-induced apoptosis and autophagy. | yes |
21,876,493 | Is plasma dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate related to personality and stress response? | {
"contexts": [
"Dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEAS) physiologic relevance remains controversial. However, several central nervous system and behavioural effects of DHEAS have been described. We explored the relation between DHEAS and both pituitary-adrenal axis reactivity and personality in human subjects.",... | DHEAS may be a protective factor against an excessive cortisol response when people are under stress situations. Personality may be related to DHEAS reactivity. | yes |
21,886,784 | Does ablation of TSC2 enhance insulin secretion by increasing the number of mitochondria through activation of mTORC1? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously found that chronic tuberous sclerosis protein 2 (TSC2) deletion induces activation of mammalian target of rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) and leads to hypertrophy of pancreatic beta cells from pancreatic beta cell-specific TSC2 knockout (βTSC2(-/-)) mice. The present study examines the... | Activation of mTORC1 by TSC2 ablation increases mitochondrial biogenesis and enhances insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. | yes |
21,901,321 | Do alpha7-nicotinic receptors modulate nicotine-induced reinforcement and extracellular dopamine outflow in the mesolimbic system in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Nicotine is the main addictive component of tobacco and modifies brain function via its action on neuronal acetylcholine nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, where neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) project to the nucleus accumbens (ACb), is considered a cor... | The present results reveal new insights for the role of α7 nAChRs in modulating the action of nicotine within the mesolimbic circuit. These receptors appear to potentiate the reinforcing action of nicotine administered into the VTA while regulating its action over time on DA outflow in the ACb. | yes |
21,876,510 | Does ephedrine enhance the antinociceptive effect of dexmedetomidine in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective alpha-2-adrenoceptor agonist, was recently introduced into clinical practice for its sedative and analgesic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the psychostimulant drug ephedrine has any effect on dexmedetomidine-induced antinociceptio... | We concluded that the combined administration of dexmedetomidine with ephedrine may have beneficial effects in the treatment of pain without causing sedation, which limits the use of dexmedetomidine as an analgesic in humans. | yes |
21,881,846 | Is a new locus in chromosome 2q37-qter associated with posterior polar cataract? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the genetic basis of autosomal dominant posterior polar cataracts in two Chinese pedigrees.",
"Peripheral blood samples were collected and genomic DNA was isolated. A genome-wide scan, using microsatellite markers at approximately 10-cm intervals and additional microsatellite markers... | Our results suggest that an unidentified gene in chromosome 2q37-qter is associated with posterior polar cataract, which may have an implication in understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of cataracts. | yes |
21,895,725 | Is atrial fibrillation hospitalization increased with short-term elevations in exposure to fine particulate air pollution? | {
"contexts": [
"Previous studies have observed that short-term exposure to elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM) air pollution increases risk of acute ischemic heart disease events and heart failure hospitalization, alters cardiac autonomic function, and increases risk of arrhythmias. This study exp... | Unlike previously observed associations with ischemic heart disease events and heart failure hospitalizations using similar study design and approaches, this study found that hospitalization for AF was not significantly associated with elevations in short-term exposure to fine PM air pollution. | no |
21,895,727 | Does ranolazine reduce ventricular tachycardia burden and ICD shocks in patients with drug-refractory ICD shocks? | {
"contexts": [
"There are limited options for patients who present with antiarrhythmic-drug (AAD)-refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT) with recurrent implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks. Ranolazine is a drug that exerts antianginal and antiischemic effects and also acts as an antiarrhythmic in... | Ranolazine proved effective in reducing VT burden and ICD shocks in patients with AAD-refractory VT. Ranolazine should be further tested for this indication and considered for clinical application when other options have proven ineffective. | yes |
21,895,721 | Does gABA ( A ) receptor modulation during adolescence alter adult ethanol intake and preference in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"To address the hypothesis that GABA(A) receptor modulation during adolescence may alter the abuse liability of ethanol during adulthood, the effects of adolescent administration of both a positive and negative GABA(A) receptor modulator on adult alcohol intake and preference were assessed.",
... | These data demonstrate that GABA(A) receptor modulation during adolescence can alter intake and preference for ethanol in adulthood and highlights the importance of drug history as an important variable in the liability for alcohol abuse. | yes |
21,873,935 | Does natural antioxidant dihydroxybenzyl alcohol block ritonavir-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine pulmonary arteries and human endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Patients with HIV have an increased incidence of pulmonary artery hypertension. This study was designed to determine if the naturally occurring antioxidant dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (DHBA) could counteract the deleterious effects of ritonavir (RTV), an HIV-protease inhibitor known to impair endothe... | These findings suggest that the naturally occurring antioxidant DHBA reduces the impairment of vasomotor functions caused by RTV in porcine PAs and reduces oxidative stress caused by RTV in HPAEC and porcine PA rings. This study indicates that DHBA may have clinical applications in the prevention or treatment of antire... | yes |
21,901,281 | Does nicotinamide mononucleotide protect against pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated impairment of mouse islet function? | {
"contexts": [
"Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD(+) biosynthesis, exists as intracellular NAMPT (iNAMPT) and extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). eNAMPT, secreted from adipose tissue, promotes insulin secretion. Administration of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a produ... | Chronic fructose feeding causes severe islet dysfunction in mice. Onset of beta cell failure in FRD-fed mice may occur via lowered secretion of eNAMPT, leading to increased islet inflammation and impaired beta cell function. Administration of exogenous NMN to FRD-fed mice corrects inflammation-induced islet dysfunction... | yes |
21,883,741 | Is highly sensitive AFP-L3 % assay useful for predicting recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment pre- and postoperatively? | {
"contexts": [
" The micro-total analysis system (µTAS), a fully automated immunoassay system using microchip capillary electrophoresis, is highly sensitive and able to quickly assay the AFP-L3%. The clinical usefulness of this system was studied.",
" We retrospectively enrolled 250 patients who underwent ... | The µTAS was found to be a highly sensitive assay for AFP-L3% in patients with curative treatment of HCC. A cutoff value of 5% was useful for predicting recurrence after the curative treatment and detecting small tumors and early stage HCC. Additionally, postoperative AFP-L3% was found to be a prognostic factor of HC... | yes |
21,888,876 | Does a functional genomic screen reveal novel host genes that mediate interferon-alpha 's effects against hepatitis C virus? | {
"contexts": [
"The precise mechanisms by which IFN exerts its antiviral effect against HCV have not yet been elucidated. We sought to identify host genes that mediate the antiviral effect of IFN-α by conducting a whole-genome siRNA library screen.",
"High throughput screening was performed using an HCV geno... | We identified 93 genes that mediate the anti-HCV effect of IFN-α through genome-wide siRNA screening; 23 and nine genes were involved in mRNA processing and translation initiation, respectively. These findings reveal an unexpected role for mRNA processing in generation of the antiviral state, and suggest a new avenue f... | yes |
21,888,875 | Does microRNA-135a contribute to the development of portal vein tumor thrombus by promoting metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) has previously been demonstrated to correlate with poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Approximately 50-80% of HCC is accompanied by portal or hepatic vein invasion. The underlying mechanisms of PVTT development remain unclear. This study aimed to elucida... | Our data suggest an important role for miR-135a in promoting PVTT tumorigenesis and indicate the potential application of miR-135a in PVTT therapy. | yes |
21,883,978 | Is emotional distress associated with poor self care in type 2 diabetes mellitus? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible clinical and psychosocial variables that influence diabetes self-care management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).",
"A total of 150 individuals with T2DM who had had diabetes for at least 6 months were recruited to this cr... | The present study demonstrates that psychosocial factors directly influence glycemic control and diabetes self-care habits. In addition, diabetes-specific distress in study population was unrelated to the duration of diabetes, the age of the patients and anthropometric indices. | yes |
21,883,230 | Are molecular events associated with ciclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth attenuated by Smad7 overexpression in fibroblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"Ciclosporin A (CsA)-induced gingival overgrowth is attributed to an exaggerated accumulation of extracellular matrix, which is mainly due to an increased expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Herein, the in vitro investigation of effects of overexpression of Smad7, a TGF-β1 signal... | The data presented here confirm that TGF-β1 expression is related to the molecular events associated with CsA-induced gingival overgrowth and suggest that Smad7 overexpression is effective in blocking these events, including proliferation, type I collagen synthesis and MMP-2 activity. | yes |
21,880,475 | Does α-Linolenate reduce the dietary requirement for linoleate in the growing rat? | {
"contexts": [
"We hypothesized that due to the absence of a dietary source of omega-3 fatty acids, the essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency model leads to an overestimate of linoleic acid (LA) requirements.",
"over 7wk, young rats consumed an EFA diet containing either 0en% linoleate (0LA) and 0en% α-linol... | Providing dietary LNA at 0.5 en% reduces the rat's physiological requirement for LA by an estimated factor of at least four (0.5en% instead of 2en%). Since LA requirements in humans are also based on the same flawed model of EFA deficiency, it is plausible that they too have been overestimated and should therefore be r... | yes |
21,892,111 | Is c-reactive protein associated with aortic stiffness in a cohort of African American and white women transitioning through menopause? | {
"contexts": [
"Arterial stiffness is a marker of cardiovascular health. Arterial stiffness and C-reactive protein (CRP) are linked to cardiovascular outcomes. Increases in both inflammation and arterial stiffness are known to occur with menopause. The association between CRP and arterial stiffness is well accep... | Menopause is strengthening the association between CRP and PWV, independent of age, and this effect seems to be stronger among African American women. This study provides a potential mechanism for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease among postmenopausal women. | yes |
21,890,433 | Does exercise improve lung function and habitual activity in children with cystic fibrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease leads to progressive deterioration in exercise capacity. Because physical activity has been shown to improve lung function and quality of life (QoL), developing routine exercise programs can benefit this patient population.",
"Lung function, nutritional statu... | Increases in exercise capacity over a two-month period resulted in significantly improved lung function and self-reported habitual activity. Longer, controlled trials are needed to develop individualized exercise recommendations. | yes |
21,873,307 | Is proximity to vacant buildings associated with increased fire risk in Baltimore , Maryland , homes? | {
"contexts": [
"Fires and burns are a leading cause of unintentional injury death in the USA. Although it has been anecdotally reported that vacant dwellings are at a higher risk for fire, the association between vacancy and fire risk at the individual household level has not been empirically measured.",
"In... | We believe that this is the first study to demonstrate increased risk posed by nearby VP at the household level, confirming earlier ecological analyses of the role of VP as strong correlates of home fires. Measurement of this risk can motivate property owners, policy makers and insurers to invest in risk reduction meas... | yes |
21,876,426 | Does implantation of mesenchymal stem cells improve right ventricular impairments caused by experimental pulmonary hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rapidly progressive and fatal disease. In recent years, despite drug treatment made significant progress, the prognosis of patients with advanced PH remains extremely poor. The authors implanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) intravenously into... | Intravenous implantation of MSCs could significantly reduce or even reverse the progression of MCT-induced PH, improve cardiac function and hemodynamics. | yes |
21,879,407 | Is endoprosthetic treatment more durable for pathologic proximal femur fractures? | {
"contexts": [
"Pathologic proximal femur fractures result in substantial morbidity for patients with skeletal metastases. Surgical treatment is widely regarded as effective; however, failure rates associated with the most commonly used operative treatments are not well defined.",
"We therefore compared surg... | Endoprosthetic reconstruction is associated with fewer treatment failures and greater implant durability. Prospective studies are needed to determine the impact of operative strategy on function and quality of life. | yes |
21,898,481 | Does shedding of syndecan-1 from human hepatocytes alter very low density lipoprotein clearance? | {
"contexts": [
"We recently showed that the heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-1 mediates hepatic clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in mice based on systemic deletion of syndecan-1 and hepatocyte-specific inactivation of sulfotransferases involved in heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Here, we show that ... | These findings suggest that syndecan-1 mediates hepatic VLDL turnover in humans as well as in mice and that shedding might contribute to hypertriglyceridemia in patients with sepsis. | yes |
21,898,486 | Do genetic interactions between hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 and Notch signaling regulate mouse intrahepatic bile duct development in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"Notch signaling and hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 (HNF-6) are two genetic factors known to affect lineage commitment in the bipotential hepatoblast progenitor cell (BHPC) population. A genetic interaction involving Notch signaling and HNF-6 in mice has been inferred through separate experiments sho... | HNF-6 and Notch signaling interact in vivo to control expression of downstream mediators essential to the normal development of the intrahepatic biliary system. This study provides a model to investigate genetic interactions of factors important to intrahepatic bile duct development and their effect on cholestatic live... | yes |
21,898,485 | Do immunoglobulin M levels inversely correlate with CD40 ligand promoter methylation in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The cross-talk of cluster of differentiation (CD)40/CD40 ligand (CD40L) plays a key role in CD4(+) T-cell priming, B-cell terminal maturation, and immunoglobulin (Ig) class-switch recombination. Genetic defects in the CD40L lead to a disorder characterized by elevated concentrations of serum IgM ... | The findings of an absence of genetic modifications of the CD40L gene, in concert with decreased DNA methylation of the CD40L promoter in PBC patients, suggests that environmental factors, rather than genetics, must play a major role in the pathogenesis of elevated serum IgM in PBC. | yes |
21,898,488 | Do serum ferritin concentration and transferrin saturation before liver transplantation predict decreased long-term recipient survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Serum ferritin (SF) concentration is a widely available parameter used to assess iron homeostasis. It has been described as a marker to identify high-risk patients awaiting liver transplantation (LT) but is also elevated in systemic immune-mediated diseases, metabolic syndrome, and in hemodialysi... | SF concentration ≥365 μg/L in combination with TFS <55% before LT is an independent risk factor for mortality following LT. Lower TFS combined with elevated SF concentrations indicate that acute phase mechanisms beyond iron overload may play a prognostic role. SF concentration therefore not only predicts pre-LT mortali... | yes |
21,880,074 | Do genetic polymorphisms in oestrogen receptor-binding sites affect clinical outcomes in patients with prostate cancer receiving androgen-deprivation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Accumulating evidence indicates that oestrogens have significant direct effects on normal prostate development and carcinogenesis. The majority of the biological activities of oestrogens are mediated through the oestrogen receptor (ER), which functions as a hormone-inducible transcription factor ... | The incorporation of ERE SNPs into models with known predictors might improve outcome prediction in patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT. | yes |
21,886,368 | Are patients satisfied with advanced practice physiotherapists in a role traditionally performed by orthopaedic surgeons? | {
"contexts": [
"To measure and compare patient satisfaction with follow-up care in advanced practice physiotherapist (APP) and orthopaedic surgeon clinics for patients following total hip or knee replacement.",
"Consecutive patients attending either an APP-led or a surgeon-led review clinic were surveyed usi... | Patients are highly satisfied with the care provided by APPs in follow-up clinics after joint replacement. Evaluation of the patient perspective is essential to any new role involving a shift in traditional practice boundaries. | yes |
21,902,453 | Does peroxiredoxin-2 upregulated by NF-κB attenuate oxidative stress during the differentiation of muscle-derived C2C12 cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Many studies have reported that the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) increases during the differentiation of muscle-derived C2C12 cells. Peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx-2) is an abundant mammalian enzyme that protects against oxidative stress. However, the role of Prx-2 in muscle differentiation ... | Prx-2 is upregulated via the PI3K/NF-κB pathway and attenuates oxidative stress during muscle differentiation and regeneration. | yes |
21,902,452 | Is peroxiredoxin 3 a key molecule regulating adipocyte oxidative stress , mitochondrial biogenesis , and adipokine expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in obese adipocytes contribute to adipokine dysregulation, inflammation, and insulin resistance.",
"Through an advanced proteomic analysis, we found that peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3), a thioredoxin-dependent mitochondrial peroxidase, is highl... | These data suggest that endogenous Prx3 may play an essential role in maintaining normal characteristics of adipocytes and that defect in Prx3 alters mitochondrial redox state and function, and adipokine expression in adipocytes leading to metabolic alteration. | yes |
21,889,368 | Is age ≥ 80 years independently associated with survival outcomes after radical cystectomy : results from the Canadian Bladder Cancer Network Database? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of advanced age as an independent prognostic factor for clinical outcomes after radical cystectomy is controversial. The objective of the current study was to assess the associations between age and clinical outcomes in a large, multi-institutional series of patients treated with radical... | Age ≥ 80 years at the time of radical cystectomy was independently associated with adverse survival outcomes. These data suggest that increased chronologic age should be considered in clinical trial design and in nomograms predicting survival. | yes |
21,889,367 | Does small interfering RNA targeting heat shock protein 70 enhance chemosensitivity in human bladder cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in human urothelial cancer of the bladder and to assess the therapeutic effects of treatment with small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting HSP70 on human bladder cancer KoTCC-1 cells.",
"HSP70 expression in bladder cancer speci... | Silencing of HSP70 expression using siRNA could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer by inducing inhibition of tumor growth as well as enhancing chemosensitivity. | yes |
21,873,785 | Does berberine inhibit the invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through Ezrin phosphorylation? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the molecular mechanism of berberine (BBR) inhibiting the metastasis and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma 5-8F cells, and identify whether berberine suppresses the tumor-invasive action through inhibiting Ezrin or phosphate-Ezrin.",
"The non-cytotoxic concentration of berberi... | Berberine inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell invasion through inhibiting phos-Ezrin expression and filopodia formation. | yes |
21,873,678 | Is the small GTPase Rap1 a novel regulator of RPE cell barrier function? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether the small GTPase Rap1 regulates the formation and maintenance of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell junctional barrier.",
"An in vitro model was used to study RPE barrier properties. To dissect the role of Rap1, two techniques were used to inhibit Rap1 function: ov... | Rap1 GTPase is an important regulator of RPE cell junctions, and is required for maintenance of barrier function. This observation that RPE monolayers lacking Rap1 allow greater transmigration of CECs suggests a possible role for potentiating choroidal neovascularization during the pathology of neovascular age-related ... | yes |
21,887,217 | Does sodium coupled bicarbonate influx regulate intracellular and apical pH in cultured rat caput epididymal epithelium? | {
"contexts": [
"The epithelium lining the epididymis provides an optimal acidic fluid microenvironment in the epididymal tract that enable spermatozoa to complete the maturation process. The present study aims to investigate the functional role of Na(+)/HCO(3)(-) cotransporter in the pH regulation in rat epididy... | The present study shows that sodium coupled bicarbonate influx regulates intracellular and apical pH in cultured caput epididymal epithelium. | yes |
21,887,218 | Does anti-TNF-alpha therapy enhance the effects of enzyme replacement therapy in rats with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI? | {
"contexts": [
"Although enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is available for several lysosomal storage disorders, the benefit of this treatment to the skeletal system is very limited. Our previous work has shown the importance of the Toll-like receptor 4/TNF-alpha inflammatory pathway in the skeletal pathology of ... | The results demonstrate that combining ERT with anti-TNF-alpha therapy improved the treatment outcome and led to significant clinical benefit. They also further validate the usefulness of TNF-alpha, RANKL and other inflammatory molecules as biomarkers for the MPS disorders. Further evaluation of this combination approa... | yes |
21,899,760 | Is comprehensive SNP array study of frequently used neuroblastoma cell lines ; copy neutral loss of heterozygosity common in the cell lines but uncommon in primary tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Copy neutral loss of heterozygosity (CN-LOH) refers to a special case of LOH occurring without any resulting loss in copy number. These alterations is sometimes seen in tumors as a way to inactivate a tumor suppressor gene and have been found to be important in several types of cancer.",
"We ... | We have shown that the NB tumors analyzed contain several interesting allelic imbalances that would either go unnoticed or be misinterpreted using other genome-wide techniques. These findings indicate that the genetics underlying NB might be even more complex than previously known and that SNP arrays are important anal... | yes |
21,898,791 | Are in vitro anti-platelet effects of simple plant-derived phenolic compounds only found at high , non-physiological concentrations? | {
"contexts": [
"Bioactive polyphenols from fruits, vegetables, and beverages have anti-platelet effects and may thus affect the development of cardiovascular disease. We screened the effects of 26 low molecular weight phenolic compounds on two in vitro measures of human platelet function.",
"After platelets ... | As concentrations of 100 μmol/L are unlikely to be reached in the circulation, it is doubtful whether consumption of dietary phenolics in nutritionally attainable amounts plays a major role in inhibition of platelet activation and aggregation in humans. | yes |
21,899,682 | Is hypertension an independent predictor of mean platelet volume in patients with acute ischaemic stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"Mean platelet volume (MPV) was shown to be significantly increased in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, especially in non-lacunar strokes. Moreover, some studies concluded that increased MPV is related to poor functional outcome after ischaemic stroke, although this association is still contr... | In patients with acute ischaemic stroke, platelet count and history of hypertension are the only determinants of MPV. | yes |
21,880,650 | Does optimisation of atrioventricular delay during exercise improve cardiac output in patients stabilised with cardiac resynchronisation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Atrioventricular (AV) delay in cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) recipients are typically optimised at rest. However, there are limited data on the impact of exercise-induced changes in heart rate on the optimal AV delay and left ventricular function.",
"The authors serially programmed ... | Haemodynamically optimal AV delay shortened progressively with increasing heart rate during exercise, which suggests the need for programming of rate-adaptive AV delay in CRT recipients. | yes |
21,880,654 | Is supine-exercise-induced oxygen supply to the right myocardium attenuated in patients with severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Impaired right ventricular (RV) myocardial blood flow (MBF) has been associated with RV dysfunction and fatal RV failure in idiopathic pulmonary hypertension during stress. MBF and O(2) extraction from myocardial capillaries (O(2) extraction fraction (OEF)) influence myocardial O(2) supply.",
... | H-OEF patients were hemodynamically poorer and showed a lower exercise-induced MBF increase compared to L-OEF patients, suggesting exercise-induced O(2) supply limitation. | yes |
21,890,098 | Does frailty predict increased hospital and six-month healthcare cost following colorectal surgery in older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of frailty and 6-month postoperative costs.",
"Subjects aged ≥ 65 years undergoing elective colorectal operations were enrolled in a prospective observational study. Frailty was assessed by a validated measure of function, cognition,... | A simple, brief preoperative frailty assessment accurately forecasts increased surgical hospital costs and postdischarge to 6-month healthcare costs after colorectal operations in older adults. | yes |
21,881,526 | Do angiotensin-II and rosuvastatin influence matrix remodeling in human mesangial cells via metalloproteinase modulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Persistent inflammation and oxidative stress influence the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in extracellular matrix remodeling. Statins show favorable anti-inflammatory effects in chronic kidney disease. We evaluated the effect of rosuvastatin on inflamma... | Angiotensin-II induces a pro-fibrotic response in HMCs mainly via a dysregulation of the MMP-2/TIMP-2 pattern. This effect, partially amplified in the presence of high glucose and FFA, is reversed by rosuvastatin, suggesting another potential therapeutic application for this 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reduct... | yes |
21,898,450 | Does kymographic characterization of vibration in human vocal fold with nodules and polyps? | {
"contexts": [
"Digital kymography (DKG) can provide objective quantitative data about vocal fold vibration, which may help distinguish normal from pathological vocal folds as well as nodules from polyps.",
"Case-control study.",
"There were 87 subjects who were separated into three groups: control, nodu... | Vibratory characteristics of normal and pathological vocal folds were quantitatively examined and compared using multiline DKG. These findings may allow for better characterization of pathologies and eventually assist in improving the clinical utility of DKG. | yes |
21,895,372 | Is family poverty associated with cytomegalovirus antibody titers in U.S. children? | {
"contexts": [
"Early life environmental and psychological influences are thought to play an important role in the development of the immune system. Antibody response to latent herpesviruses has been used as an indirect measure of cell-mediated immune function but has seldom been applied to younger age groups.",... | Early life social factors such as family poverty could have detrimental impacts on the developing immune system, with potentially important consequences for later life health outcomes. Exposure to socioeconomic stressors for longer periods during childhood may further enhance alterations in immune response to cytomegal... | yes |
21,889,192 | Do urinary MMP-2 and MMP-9 predict the presence of ovarian cancer in women with normal CA125 levels? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether urinary matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) predict the presence of ovarian cancer in patients with CA125 levels below the normal threshold of 35U/mL, a critical group of patients for whom no ovarian cancer biomarker is currently available. To determine whether these noninvasive... | This study demonstrates the potential utility of urinary MMP-2 and MMP-9 to differentiate between ovarian cancer patients with normal CA125 levels and controls and suggests that urinary MMP-2 and MMP-9 may be a clinically useful aid in the diagnosis of advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. | yes |
21,883,825 | Does vitamin D ( 3 ) cryosensitization increase prostate cancer susceptibility to cryoablation via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and necrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect and molecular mechanisms of action of Vitamin D(3) (VD(3) ) as a neo-adjunctive agent before cryosurgery in an effort to increase treatment efficacy for prostate cancer (CaP). To eliminate the potential for disease recurrence that exists at the periphery of the freeze le... | The present study suggests that the use of VD(3) as a cryosensitizer increases cryoablation efficacy through the increased activity of apoptosis as well as through necrosis. The data show that through VD(3) treatment the overall level of AI CaP cell tolerance to freezing is reduced to a level similar to that of AS CaP.... | yes |
21,883,829 | Is elective partial nephrectomy equivalent to radical nephrectomy in patients with clinical T1 renal cell carcinoma : results of a retrospective , comparative , multi-institutional study? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the oncological outcomes of patients who underwent elective partial nephrectomy (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) for clinically organ-confined renal masses ≤7 cm in size (cT1).",
"The records of 3480 patients with cT1N0M0 disease were extracted from a multi-institutional database a... | Elective PN is not associated with an increased risk of recurrence and cancer-specific mortality in both cT1a and cT1b tumours. Data from the present study strongly support the use of partial nephrectomy in patients with clinically T1 tumours, according to the current recommendations of the international guidelines. | yes |
21,878,234 | Does bile salt supplementation act via the farnesoid X receptor to alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal injury? | {
"contexts": [
"Intestinal barrier integrity may be disrupted in many conditions allowing for bacterial invasion and ensuing systemic illness. We investigated the efficacy and mechanism of bile salts in protecting the intestinal mucosa integrity after injury through stimulation of cell proliferation and an incre... | A diet supplemented with bile salts, especially in patients who have decreased luminal bile salt, may prove beneficial and therapeutic in critical illness where intestinal injury is part of the spectrum. | yes |
21,882,193 | Does implementation of educational video improve patient understanding of basic breast cancer concepts in an undereducated county hospital population? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a video on patient understanding of basic breast cancer concepts.",
"An 11 item tool of breast cancer concepts was devised. A previous study obtained baseline information on patient knowledge. Subsequently an 8 min video was designed to ... | Implementation of an educational video significantly improved understanding of breast cancer concepts in an undereducated population. | yes |
21,878,834 | Is mycophenolic acid-related diarrhea associated with polymorphisms in SLCO1B nor with ABCB1 in renal transplant recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"We investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms in ABCB1 and SLCO1B and mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetics, and MPA-related diarrhea and leukopenia in 338 kidney transplant recipients.",
"A total of 338 patients participating in an international, randomized-controlled clin... | Genotyping for ABCB1 or SLCO1B pretransplantation is unlikely to be of clinical value for individualization of MPA therapy. | no |
21,887,270 | Does symbiotic effectiveness of rhizobial mutualists vary in interactions with native Australian legume genera? | {
"contexts": [
"Interactions between plants and beneficial soil organisms (e.g. rhizobial bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi) are models for investigating the ecological impacts of such associations in plant communities, and the evolution and maintenance of variation in mutualisms (e.g. host specificity and the level o... | Theory has focused on trade-offs between the provision of benefits and symbiont competitive ability that might explain the persistence of less beneficial strains. However, differences in performance among co-occurring host species could also drive such patterns. Our results thus highlight the likely importance of plant... | yes |
21,875,307 | Does the nature and correlate of avoidance in obsessive-compulsive disorder? | {
"contexts": [
"Avoidance in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been neglected by research. This study aimed (i) to collect information on the nature and frequency of avoidance in people with OCD and ascertain the types of obsessions related to avoidance; (ii) compare OCD individuals with and without avoida... | Avoidance is common in OCD, and it is particularly frequently associated with contamination obsessions. There is a weak link between avoidance and hoarding and between avoidance and ordering/arranging/symmetry obsessions and compulsions. These results, along with the finding that OCD with avoidance is a more severe ill... | yes |
21,878,324 | Is high p27 expression associated with a better prognosis in East Asian non-small cell lung cancer patients? | {
"contexts": [
"The role of the anti-apoptotic protein p27 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. To clarify its association with survival in NSCLC, we performed a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis.",
"Trials were selected for further analysis if they provided an in... | In NSCLC, high p27 expression is associated with a better prognosis among East Asians. | yes |
21,878,200 | Do nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and statins have chemopreventative effects in patients with Barrett 's esophagus? | {
"contexts": [
"The incidence of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma has increased despite surveillance of patients with Barrett's esophagus. Limited data indicate that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and statin use reduce the risk for esophageal adenocarcinoma. We investigated whether ... | NSAID and statin use reduce the risk of neoplastic progression in patients with Barrett's esophagus. Use of a combination of NSAIDs and statins appears to have an additive protective effect. | yes |
21,886,810 | Does aPC ( cdh1 ) mediate degradation of the oncogenic Rho-GEF Ect2 after mitosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Besides regulation of actin cytoskeleton-dependent functions, Rho GTPase pathways are essential to cell cycle progression and cell division. Rho, Rac and Cdc42 regulate G1 to S phase progression and are involved in cytokinesis. RhoA GDP/GTP cycling is required for normal cytokinesis and recent re... | Our results identify Ect2 as a bona fide cell cycle-regulated protein and suggest that its ubiquitination-dependent degradation may play an important role in RhoA regulation at the time of mitosis. Our findings raise the possibility that the overexpression of Ect2 that has been reported in some human tumors might resul... | yes |
21,872,434 | Is elevation of tissue α-tocopherol levels by conjugated linoleic acid in C57BL/6J mice associated with changes in vitamin E absorption or α-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman production? | {
"contexts": [
"Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) decreases adipose mass and increases vitamin E levels in the liver and adipose tissue in mice. The aim of the present study was to examine the mechanism by which CLA alters vitamin E levels in tissues and antioxidant activity in mice.",
"C57BL/6J mice were divid... | The increase in vitamin E status in CLA-fed mice is not due to altered absorption and metabolism of vitamin E but might be related to the induction of α-tocopherol transfer protein expression in the liver. The regulation of the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase by CLA is not mediated by vitamin E accumu... | no |
21,872,432 | Does long-term leucine supplementation reduce fat mass gain without changing body protein status of aging rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Aging is characterized by alterations in body composition such as an increase in body fat and decreases in muscle mass (sarcopenia) and bone density (osteopenia). Leucine supplementation has been shown to acutely stimulate protein synthesis and to decrease body fat. However, the long-term effect ... | The results indicate that leucine supplementation attenuates body fat gain during aging but does not affect risk indicators of acquired chronic diseases. Furthermore, supplemented animals did not show signs of a prevention of the decrease in lean mass associated with aging. | yes |
21,872,439 | Is recurrence of angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention reduced by statins in Japanese patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Statins have been reported to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is commonly used to relieve ischemic symptoms in patients with CAD. However, there is little information on the effect of statins on cardiovascular e... | For Japanese CAD patients treated with PCI and stent implantation, statin therapy reduced the incidence of recurrent cardiovascular events, particularly rAP. Discretionary statin treatment to achieve LDL-C levels <100 mg/dl effectively reduced restenosis causing rAP. | yes |
21,883,573 | Is life back to normal and yet not - partners ' and patient 's experiences of life of the first year after colorectal cancer surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the experience of life the first year after surgery from the perspective of persons treated for colorectal cancer and their partners.",
"Colorectal cancer is a common cancer form, and treatment can cause unpleasant side effects such as sexual dysfunction and bowel problems. Partne... | Findings showed that both the patients' and their partners' lives were influenced by uncertainty and the condition of the patient. Attitudes varied towards sharing the illness. It was found that information needs varied both within and between couples. A future challenge to healthcare personnel is the obligation to mee... | yes |
21,888,624 | Are low triglyceride levels associated with a better metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes? | {
"contexts": [
"Although it is well known in the literature that high triglyceride serum (TG) levels can jeopardize the metabolic control, little is known about the influence of low TG on type 1 diabetes patients (T1D). The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of TG serum levels in individuals wi... | TG lower than 50 mg/dL was common and might be associated with a better metabolic control in patients with T1D, although it is not clear whether the former is the cause or consequence for the latter. | yes |
21,897,896 | Is gestational diabetes mellitus rare in primigravida Pakistani women? | {
"contexts": [
"Gestational diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Similar to other members of the Asian race, Pakistani women are also considered to be at a high risk for developing gestational diabetes.",
"In order to bette... | Larger trials are needed to truly assess the disease burden of gestational diabetes mellitus in Pakistani women. | yes |
21,878,116 | Does tDP-43 knockdown impair neurite outgrowth dependent on its target histone deacetylase 6? | {
"contexts": [
"Trans-activation response element (TAR) DNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) is causally related to the neurodegenerative diseases frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis being the hallmark protein in the disease-characteristic neuropathological lesions and via genetic linkage.... | TDP-43 deficiency leads to impairment of neurite growth in an HDAC6-dependent manner, thereby contributing to neurodegenerative events in TDP-43 diseases. | yes |
21,881,541 | Is transcriptional diversity at the UGT2B7 locus dictated by extensive pre-mRNA splicing mechanisms that give rise to multiple mRNA splice variants? | {
"contexts": [
"UGT2B7 is a key member of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family that participates in glucuronidation of endogenous compounds and pharmaceuticals. Much evidence suggests a large interindividual variability of UGT2B7-mediated glucuronidation, which is still unexplained by polymorphisms. We h... | Our findings point toward a significant variability in structure, abundance, and tissue-specific UGT2B7 transcriptome, in addition to novel functions for UGT2B7-derived proteins, all of which may ensure the production of tissue-specific proteomes and functions. | yes |
21,898,017 | Is robot-assisted thymectomy superior to transsternal thymectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Complete thymectomy is the procedure of choice in the treatment of thymomas and in treating selected patients with myasthenia gravis. Transsternal thymectomy is the gold standard for most patients. Robot-assisted thymectomy has emerged as an alternative to open transsternal surgery. The goal of t... | Robot-assisted thymectomy is superior to transsternal thymectomy, reducing intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, and hospital length of stay. Further investigation of the long-term oncologic results in thymoma patients and long-term remission rates in patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent robo... | yes |
21,901,262 | Does probe-based confocal laser microscopy identify criteria predictive of active celiac sprue? | {
"contexts": [
"Celiac sprue is an underdiagnosed chronic intestinal inflammatory disease. Probe-based confocal laser microscopy (CLM) is a novel endoscopic technique for in vivo inspection of the intestinal mucosa that has not been evaluated in celiac sprue yet.",
"To develop CLM criteria most predictive of... | Probe-based CLM criteria developed in this pilot trial appear promising for the detection of active celiac sprue. Preliminary interobserver variability was high, indicating a learning curve effect. Our criteria need validation in an independent patient population. | yes |
21,895,750 | Does digital hypothermia inhibit early lamellar inflammatory signalling in the oligofructose laminitis model? | {
"contexts": [
"The pathophysiological events inhibited by prophylactic digital hypothermia that result in reduction of the severity of acute laminitis are unknown.",
"To determine if digital hypothermia inhibits lamellar inflammatory signalling during development of oligofructose (OF) induced laminitis.",
... | Digital hypothermia effectively blocked early lamellar inflammatory events likely to play an important role in lamellar injury including the expression of chemokines, proinflammatory cytokines, COX-2 and endothelial adhesion molecules. | yes |
21,874,370 | Is auto bi-level pressure relief-PAP as effective as CPAP in OSA patients -- a pilot study? | {
"contexts": [
"Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the therapy of choice for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Not all patients can use CPAP therapy with adequate compliance. There is a need to develop more comfortable modes. Auto bi-level Pressure Relief-Positive Airway Pressure (ABPR-P... | ABPR-PAP is a promising new ventilation mode that enables effective treatment of OSA patients. | yes |
21,873,333 | Are antibodies recognising sulfated carbohydrates prevalent in systemic sclerosis and associated with pulmonary vascular disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Glycosylation represents an important modification that regulates biological processes in tissues relevant for disease pathogenesis in systemic sclerosis (SSc), including the endothelium and extracellular matrix. Whether patients with SSc develop antibodies to carbohydrates is not known.",
"T... | Serum from patients with SSc contains IgG antibodies targeting distinct sulfated carbohydrates. The presence of anti-4S-LacNAc antibodies is associated with a high prevalence of pulmonary hypertension. These results suggest that specific post-translational carbohydrate modifications may act as important immunogens in S... | yes |
21,873,332 | Is subclinical gut inflammation in spondyloarthritis associated with a pro-angiogenic intestinal mucosal phenotype? | {
"contexts": [
"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and placental growth factor (PlGF) are major regulators of pathological angiogenesis, which is a prominent feature of both Crohn's disease (CD) and peripheral synovitis in spondyloarthritis.",
"To investigate the presence of VEGF-A and PlGF in the g... | A pro-angiogenic intestinal phenotype is observed in spondyloarthritis patients with quiescent chronic gut inflammation. This favours an environment for enhanced trafficking of immune cells in this subpopulation. | yes |
21,873,331 | Does inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β induce dermal fibrosis by activation of the canonical Wnt pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3) regulates the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of β-catenin, thereby preventing aberrant activation of the canonical Wnt pathway. A study was undertaken to define the role of GSK-3 in fibroblast activation and in experimental models of systemic sclero... | Inhibition of GSK-3 activates the canonical Wnt pathway in fibroblasts, stimulates the release of collagen from fibroblasts, exacerbates experimental fibrosis and is sufficient to induce fibrosis. GSK-3 is therefore a key regulator of the canonical Wnt signalling in fibroblasts and inhibition of GSK-3 results in fibrob... | yes |
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