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battle fields in the surrounding district of Dachau; and I dealt with work done by the commander. QWhile with Dr. Schilling, did you have the opportunity to read any of Dr. Schilling's correspondence? AI had frequent occasions to see the reports which Dr. Schilling sent in every three months, and sometimes I saw the an... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 135,000 | 135,500 |
but I can not remember the details. QCan you remember any of the names of the visitors that came to visit Dr. Schilling's experimental station? AUnfortunately, I am unable to remember them. I only know that one of my assistants, a certain Dr. Kurt Ploettner, received visits from Standartenfuehrer Sievers, and he carrie... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 135,450 | 135,950 |
in the procedure the first day of the trial, we said it would not be possible -- pardon me -- we said it would be necessary on several occasions for testimony of witnesses to over-lap: That is, when we called a witness on Malaria, that at the same time this witness can testify as to the sea water and other experiments.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 135,900 | 136,400 |
may be recalled at some later date soon, possibly Monday, for cross-examination upon those letters by the defendants. BY MR. HARDY: QWitness, do you know about the experiments conducted at Dachau with sea water? AIn the year 1944, I do not remember the exact month any more, a department was created in the so-called Blo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 136,350 | 136,850 |
the whole section was cleared out again. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will take a recess for 15 minutes. (A recess was taken). FOLLOWING RECESS. THE MARSHALL:The Tribunal is again in session. DIRECT EXAMINATION (Continued) BY MR. HARDY: QWitness, before the recess your were describing in detail sea water experiments. Do ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 136,800 | 137,300 |
experiments, coming from various concentration camps, Buchenwald, etc. QWitness, we will go back to the malaria experiments for the moment. What was the nationality of the people used for the malaria experiments, what type of people were they? AThe biggest part, approximately two hundred patients, used for the malaria ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 137,250 | 137,750 |
a person that had to be safe-guarded by the police and as such was transferred to the concentration camp. QYou have no idea why you were arrested by the Nazis and sent to a concentration camp? ANothing was told to me. QWhen were you released from the concentration camp? AAfter the liberation by theAmericans, I remained... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 137,700 | 138,200 |
patient who for some reason had some difference with the Camp Leader Zill, was taken to this experimental station the following day. It was said at the time that he was transferred but next day I found him in the morgue. By rumor I found out that a number of patients on whom experiments were conducted died and were sen... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 138,150 | 138,650 |
Polish chlergymen were infected with phlegmones in order to treat them biologically. A number of these experimental patients dies as a result and others survived in the hospital but with amputations. QDo you recall who conducted the phlegmones experiments? AI cannot say that exactly. I only know that a certain Oberstur... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 138,600 | 139,100 |
aren't you? AYes. QWitness, you have started that you were brought into a concentration camp in the year of 1940? AYes. QAnd up to the,--and up to the capitulation in 1945 you remained in the camp? AYes. QCounsel for prosecution has already asked you repeatedly why you were sent to the concentration camp? AYes. QAnd th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 139,050 | 139,550 |
catch up. A (continued answer) After serving my sentence I was released, but shortly before my release was again arrested by the police and sent over to Berlin and there it was said that I had to receive some lessons, educational lessons in Berlin, and then in the Police Headquarters at Berlin I had one interrogation, ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 139,500 | 140,000 |
special court. That was in May 1934. QAnd what if the files were brought here and you would find a number of other sentence which had been imposed on you? AWell, you could tell me that once you had the files, but at the moment I cannot remember. I can say that under oath. QWitness, with reference to your testimony toda... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 139,950 | 140,450 |
inmates? ANot for the other inmates, but for such persons who were working in the hospital. QSo these 10 people told you about Himmler's visit; do you know these 10 people were actually out to participate in experiments? AYes, they were. QBut then you probably spoke to these persons about the experiments? AYes. Shall I... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 140,400 | 140,900 |
also told who the one was that was carrying on these Experiments? I am speaking of the others, not of the ten people. AYes, the very same Dr. Rascher who had these ten patients. QDo you know whether, in addition to Dr. Rascher, there was anyone else who participated in these experiments? AI have already said as far as ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 140,850 | 141,350 |
up again and then subsequently an ordinary court sentenced me to six years. QBut that was not political court? ANo, it was not political court. QNow, witness, how does the Prosecutor who examined you previously know -- how does he know about your experiences in the concentration camp? ABecause I was interrogated about ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 141,300 | 141,800 |
because I now read that there was a trial against SS physicians and so on, and this is why I put myself at your disposal in order to testify. QAnd when you were still a free man who was it that you gave this material to and when? AThat was a year ago in Dachau. QAnd whom did you report to? AWell., these were the invest... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 141,750 | 142,250 |
QSince you are so well informed about the contents of the discussion between Sievers and Dr. Ploetner, do you perhaps also know that at that time there were pectin experiments in Dachau? AYes, that is correct, I remember the name pectin. QAnd who was charged to conduct these pectin experiments? AI remember, I think, th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 142,200 | 142,700 |
is responsible for Ahnenerbe, and then we saw Dr. Sievers when he arrived. QIf you did not know the names of many other visitors, it is rather remarkable that you just remember the name of Sievers. ABetween Professor Schilling and Dr. Ploetner, who was assigned to Dr. Schilling as an assistant from Berlin, between thes... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 142,650 | 143,150 |
that manner - Q. (Interposing) We will talk about that later. We are going to say something about the morgue; we will come to that later. On that occasion, didn't you see a photographer who was taking pictures? A.I saw one in the courtyard between the laboratory and the experimental station, and I was able to watch pho... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 143,100 | 143,600 |
see any medical students there, walking about in their white robes? A.Nurses, yes. Q.Do you know the nurse who was an innate too? The name is Pielweil. A.Yes, I remember that name. He was a young, strong man, coming from Vienna. Q.Yes, I think so. Now let us return to the carrying out of the dead. Did Pielweil ever tel... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 143,550 | 144,050 |
"So-and-so," and the other one had another name, but we were never told what rank they had, and I cannot remember that. Q.But you are sure that they were officers? You are sure that they were officers of the Luftwaffe and not medical officers? A.I cannot say that. It had been said that he was a professor or something l... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 144,000 | 144,500 |
were the real experiments, and I am referring to the time of the real experiments. Could you speak to them, to any of the experimental subjects at that time? A.No. Q.But you just said that you spoke to them during the experiments. When was that? A.That was during the first few days when they received Luftwaffe rations.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 144,450 | 144,950 |
few questions to the witness. Witness, on Friday you showed good knowledge with reference to certain malaria questions, obviously on the basis of knowledge which you gained with Professor Schilling. I am now asking you to answer the following questions which refer to some very important details. During your examination... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 144,900 | 145,400 |
now something else: on Friday you testified that Dachau received Anopheles from Dr. Rose's institute and that there was an exchange of correspondence with reference to the difficulties which you had in the breeding of these eggs. Do you know where Dr. Rose worked, on which institute? A.I think that these letters were a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 145,350 | 145,850 |
the degree of these swamps by order of Dr. Schilling these waters were infected with a mixture of pig food. During the winter months this detail was sent -- went around the cellars of the Dachau Camp and worked on that matter. These Anapheles flies were then examined by our laboratories and were used by it for breeding... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 145,800 | 146,300 |
breeding of the flies? AI stayed at the station for approximately 110 days. I was then released, and a few days after, I was recalled into the hospital, and was out to work at that station. But then the chief physician called me to him, on the basis of Dr. Schilling's wish, that I was to be kept at that station as an a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 146,250 | 146,750 |
don't think my memory is deceiving me when I said that these sea water experiments were only carried out by the Luftwaffe. The SS physicians from the Camp did not participate, nor did any other medical officers. QWitness, you have stated here that Standartenfuehrer Sievers visited Dachau and that Sievers had nothing to... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 146,700 | 147,200 |
order came from Berlin through Obergruppenfuehrer Gluecks to dissolve the malaria station; and all written and other material which could in any way be identified with the experiments were to be destroyed. Then by order of the chief physician we had to destroy all written material; books, card indexes, fever charts, ev... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 147,150 | 147,650 |
of April, I received 2 grams of quinine. On the 14th of April, I received another 2 grams of quinine in the form of drugs. I had no fever until the 21st of April. On the 21st of April I received another injection of five cubic centimeters of blood from a very ill patient with the name of Zahn. Approximately ten days la... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 147,600 | 148,100 |
me a moment, sirs. Change that exhibit number, your Honor, to Exhibit No. 129. This is an affidavit of the defendant Rodolf Brandt. I shall read the affidavit: "I, Rudolf Emil Brandt, being duly sworn, depose and state: "1) I am the same Rudolf Brandt who already on 30 August 1946 swore to an affidavit concerning the l... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 148,050 | 148,550 |
of the army and worked as a physician. I also worked on military hospital and administrative matters. In May, 1935, my old friend and fellow student Hippke asked me to become his Chief of Staff in the newly established medical department of the Reich Ministry for Aviation. I remained as Chief of Staff to Hippke; who in... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 148,500 | 149,000 |
Houbner insisted that the Berka method be developed until it could be used. "5. Therefore, a meeting was called in May 1944, in order to discuss what further stops should be taken. BeckerFreyseng and Schaeffer attended the meeting as representative of my office. As a result of the meeting it was decided to conduct furt... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 148,950 | 149,450 |
could tell whether that particular job had already been worked on by someone else or whether it could lead to worthwhile results. Copies of orders for research work also went to Handloser." I now continue to page 6 of Your Honors' Document Book, which is Document No. 474, and will be offered as Prosecution Exhibit No. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 149,400 | 149,900 |
Schroedor, and therefore Becker-Freyseng and Schroeder must have known that the Berka Method was very dangerous. BeckerFreyseng and I were of the opinion that Sirany's experiments were not consummated since they did not simulate actual conditions of a sea emergency. "5. Before the experiments were started at Dachau, an... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 149,850 | 150,350 |
Dachau concentration camp. I now ask the Honorable Tribunal to turn to page 9 of the seawater document book. This is Document No.NO-184and is offered as Prosecution Exhibit No. 133. This is a letter -- pardon me, Your Honors, that is Prosecution Exhibit No. 132. This is a letter from the Technical Bureau of the RIM to ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 150,300 | 150,800 |
Samples can then be delivered The cube dispensed is not a preparation to render seawater potable, but a mill cube such as is already familiar to the offices." The signature of this letter is illegible for translation purposes. The next document, Document No:NO-177, which is offered as Prosecution Exhibit 133, is a docu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 150,750 | 151,250 |
result in death after not later than 12 days". I will continue to read the document. "External symptoms are to be expected such as drainage, diarrhea, convulsions, hallucinations, and finally death. As a result of the preliminary discussion it was agreed to arrange new series of experiments of short duration. A commiss... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 151,200 | 151,700 |
the experiment were conducted. "Captain Dr. Becker-Freising would invite Professor Eppinger and would get in touch with the Reichsfuehrer SS. The High Command of the Navy would invite Professor Orzichewski." "Distribution: High Command of the Navy-Medical Department. High Command of the Navy-Department for Research, In... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 151,650 | 152,150 |
and Police. "Highly respected Reich Minister: "Earlier already, you made it possible for the Luftwaffe to settle urgent medical matters through experiments on human beings. Today I again stand before a decision, which, after numerous experiments on animals and also on voluntary human subjects, demands final resolution:... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 152,100 | 152,600 |
Luftwaffe, addressed to the Reichsfuehrer-SS Heinrich Himmler, Field Command Post. Obviously, the Reichsfuehrer-SS was on a trip at this time. "Top Secret (Military) "Reichsfuehrer: "The Chief of the medical Service of the Luftwaffe requests in the top secret (military) letter, enclosed herewith, that experiments be pe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 152,550 | 153,050 |
he states that "the gypsies being of somewhat different racial composition might possibly provide experimental results, which might not apply entirely to our men." It's interesting to note that they feel that experimentation on gypsies right not be the same as experimentation on the healthy European peoples, which migh... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 153,000 | 153,500 |
on July 23rd, if until then experimental persons are available and the camp commander is in possession of the order of the Reichsfuehrer SS, he needs. Dr. Beiglboeck himself wanted to get in touch with SS Hauptsturmfuehrer Frowein, Adjutant of the Reich-Arzt-SS on this subject I hope that this arrangement may permit a ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 153,450 | 153,950 |
Main Office, Vienna, State Police Department 3". It is true that in Article 7 or Order 7 records of interrogations can be accepted as evidence if they are given before an authority of one of the United Nations. My country, Austria, unfortunately does not belong to the United Nations. I am an Austrian lawyer and know Au... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 153,900 | 154,400 |
an affidavit, and I submit that when the evidence given in the affidavit is cumulative, there is no reason whatsoever to refuse admission of the affidavit. Now, as to the three particularly in question here, I think that it would be advantageous for us to look at them and see precisely what the objection is. Now, Defen... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 154,350 | 154,850 |
MR. MCHANEY:Well, Your Honor, there is no proof of that at all, and I submit that there would be very little more proof of it if we add an attestation to the bottom of them. It would normally be given by a Notary public in Austria, about which, of course, this Tribunal and myself would have no knowledge at all, so unle... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 154,800 | 155,300 |
we feel that way is because Neff may very well be indicted and tried in this courthouse for his participation in the experiments at Dachau, and we would not wish to be bound by what he might testify to in this Court, particularly with respect to what he might have to say about his own participation in those experiments... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 155,250 | 155,750 |
the admission of documents Nos.NO-910, 911 and 912. I am prepared now to submit, for the inspection of the Tribunal, the files sent us by the police in Vienna, and I have marked in these files the places at which the original affidavits appear. If these affidavits can be admitted provisionally at this time, the Prosecu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 155,700 | 156,200 |
the statements be offered at this time; that their admission in evidence be not ruled upon until defendant's counsel has had a chance to examine the documents which are now presented by the prosecution. MR. McHANEY:For purposes of the record, would it be permissible for Mr. Hardy to offer these and read them into the r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 156,150 | 156,650 |
frequently. "Symptoms of death by hunger and thirst which were also perceptible to the layman were: "Visible deterioration of the patients, nervousness, agitation which, some cases, mounted to the point of madness. (The raving people were tied to their beds.) Some of the patients showed signed of apathy and unconscious... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 156,600 | 157,100 |
in the concentration camps were cheaper and more worthless than guinea pigs or dogs. "I would only like to add that one day I met Professor Eppinger in the infirmary in Dachau; he came from the direction of the aviation experiment station, where he saw to it that he was well informed by his pupil and assistant, Beigelb... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 157,050 | 157,550 |
it. Some of the experimental subjects had cramps and manic attacks. BEIGELBOCK delivered these so-called troublemakes to the SS, which treated them in the manner customary in the camp. Through these measures of force he was successful, in that the experimental subjects actually drank the salt water. I was known that ex... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 157,500 | 158,000 |
of this experimentation station, Dr. Beigelbock, was known to me from Vienna, 9. I remember that gypsies of different nationalities from other concentration camps were used for these experiments. Forty-five of these were used directly in the experiments. Besides Dr. Beigelbock, an Unterarzt of North German descent, thr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 157,950 | 158,450 |
the time). When the people were chosen for these experiments, they were also promised better care for some time. In reality, this care was only accorded patients in the first group; all the others received water and skimmed milk for two days after the end of the experiment and about the third day were placed on the nor... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 158,400 | 158,900 |
were carried out pursuant to German practice on that subject. It is true, that in Germany, a Statute did exist which permitted sterilizations of certain persons under certain circumstances: particularly, those persons infected with inheritable diseases. Some such statutes exist in other countries, as I understand it, a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 158,850 | 159,350 |
this scientific research and suggested that it be perfected and applied again Russian prisoners of war. 5. As a result of POKORNY's suggestion, experiments were conducted upon concentration camp prisoners in order to test the effect of the drug. Simultaneously, all efforts were made to cultivate the plant in large quan... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 159,300 | 159,800 |
human beings, then we would have a new powerful weapon at our disposal. The thought alone that the 3 million Bolsheviks, at present German prisoners, could be sterilized so that they could be used as laborers but be prevented from reproduction, opens the most far reaching perspectives. "Madaus found that the sap of the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 159,750 | 160,250 |
after all was administratively in charge of the concentration camps; and so Himmler writes him this letter: "Dear Pohl: "I read Dr. Pokorny's very interesting memorandum and Dr. Madaus's publications on medicinal sterilization. I would ask you to get in touch with Dr. Madaus and to inform him, on my behalf, that he sho... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 160,200 | 160,700 |
a copy of a memorandum by Dr. Pokorny with a request to take note of it. "Dr. Madaus' publication 'Experimental Study of the Question of Medicinal Sterilization of Animals' appeared in the 'Journal for the Entire Experimental Medicine,' special reprint from Volume 109, book 1, while the article 'Magic Plants in the Lig... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 160,650 | 161,150 |
it, is March 10. JUDGE SEBRING: 1942? MR. McHANDY:That is right, yes, sir. JUDGE SEBRING:Then it refers to your letter of August 3, 1942; isn't that rather an impossible situation? MR. McHANEY:I didn't understand the last, Your Honor. JUDGE SEBRING:You say the letter is dated March 10, 1942? MR. McHANEY:No, Your Honor,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 161,100 | 161,600 |
or in any area accessible to us in Europe. "The present support of the work of Dr. KOCH of the MADAUS Institute shall be continued to the fullest extent. "The Reichsfuehrer SS also requests that with the ingredients of this plant on hand sterilization experiments should now in any case be carried out in the concentrati... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 161,550 | 162,050 |
that will go in, which was a reply from Rudolf Brandt to the letter I am about to read, and which is addressed to K. Gerland. Prosecution Exhibit No.153reads as follows: 24 August 1942 "Sir, At the order of Gauleiter Dr. JURY, his staff have hitherto busied themselves to a particular extent with problems of population ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 162,000 | 162,500 |
the world by the knowledge of such research, should it come by such knowledge. "Since these considerations are only a theory, the fundamental accuracy of which has already been established by animal experiments and the possibility of the application of which to human beings is highly probable, a mere indication can onl... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 162,450 | 162,950 |
possibility of obtaining it. "On the return of the Reichfuehrer SS I shall submit your reply together with your letter, a copy of which I have already forwarded to the SS-Obergruppenfuehrer POHL and SS-Gruppenfuehrer Dr. GRAWITZ. Heil Hitler! by order of (Signed) Brandt." He sends a copy to Pohl and Grawitz and a third... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 162,900 | 163,400 |
to the Reich doctor SS and police SS-Gruppenfuehrer Professor Dr. Grawitz. With best regards, Heil Hitler, Yours Pohl." The next exhibit will be DocumentNO-043, which will be Prosecution Exhibit 157. This is a letter again from Gerland to the defendant Rudolf Brandt, dated 14 October 1942. "Dear Comrade Brandt: SS-Ober... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 163,350 | 163,850 |
in the affidavit of the defendant Rudolf Brandt, which is Prosecution Exhibit 141, he states that experiments on concentration camp inmates were actually carried out with Caladium seguinum. The Prosecution very frankly concedes that it has no proof that this drug was effective in sterilizing people. We have found no on... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 163,800 | 164,300 |
the Prosecution if they wish to introduce a statement made by a defendant which contains admissions against him primarily, they don't have to call him to the stand to do so. I submit that the document should be admitted now. THE PRESIDENT:The objection to the admission of the document at this time is overruled. MR. McH... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 164,250 | 164,750 |
Hitler, Bouhler and Brandt were to select doctors to carry out this program. Inasmuch as the insane asylums and other institutions were functions of the Ministry of Interior, Dr. Herbert Linden became the representative of the Ministry of Interior. Dr. Karl Brandt and Phillip Bouhler appointed Professor Dr. Heyde and P... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 164,700 | 165,200 |
each questionnaires were to be sent to the office of Dr. Brandt to determine the status of each patient. The panel of experts consisted of about 10 to 15 doctors. I do not remember the names of all the members of this panel but Dr. Pfannmueller, Dr. Schumann, Dr. Faltlhauser, and Dr. Rennaux are fresh in my memory in t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 165,150 | 165,650 |
was to eliminate these people confined to insane asylums and similar institutions who could no longer be of any use to the Reich. They were considered useless eaters and Hitler felt that by exterminating those so-called useless eaters, it would be possible to relieve more doctors, male and female nurses, and other pers... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 165,600 | 166,100 |
without the personal knowledge and consent of Karl Brandt. The order to sent these men to the East could have been given only by Himmler to Brandt, possibly through Bouhler. THE STERILIZATION PROGRAM 16. In 1941, it was an 'open secret' in high party circles that the powers that be intended to experminate the entire Je... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 166,050 | 166,550 |
who were trained over the period 1939 to 1941 in the extermination institutions here in Germany on insane persons were transferred than to the East and worked in collaboration with Globocnic and others in the extermination of the Jews there; and we also find that a prominent member of the Euthanasia Program, Dr. Schuma... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 166,500 | 167,000 |
symptoms of burns - varying in severity in individual cases - in the course of the following days or weeks. "One practical way of proceeding would be, for instance, to be the persons to be treated approach a counter, where they would be asked to answer some questions or to fill in forms, which would take them 2 or 3 mi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 166,950 | 167,450 |
dated 23 May 1942. "Dear Reichsfuehrer, "On the instructions of Reich-Leader Bouhler I placed some of my men already some time ago - at the disposal of Brigadefuehrer GLOBOCNIK to execute his special-mission. On his renewed request I now transferred additional personnel. On this occasion Brigadefuehrer GLOBOCNIK stated... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 167,400 | 167,900 |
They were using sterilization to commit the crime of genocide. The next document will beNO-206, which is Prosecution Exhibit 164. This is a letter from Heinrich Himmler, dated 11 August 1942, to "Dear Brack": "It is only today that I have the opportunity to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 23 June. I am positi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 167,850 | 168,350 |
the witness, Chaim Balitzki. We have only this morning at about 9:30 put in the defendants' information center the required notice of the calling of this witness. If there is any objection or any showing of inconvenience on the part of the Defense Counsel why, of course, we will postpone his examination until tomorrow ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 168,300 | 168,800 |
that twenty men, aged twenty to twenty-four healthy people, had to report for work. I didn't report. I was a little suspicious because they said "twenty to twenty-four years old". They were taken away. Later they came back. No one knew what had happened to them. They didn't want to tell about it. They were afraid. They... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 168,750 | 169,250 |
a block -- Block 19. On one side was Block 17 and on the other side, 21. There were sick people there -- French, Poles and Russians -- they had typhoid fever. We were put in between so we would get sick too but that had no effect and, after four weeks, we were put in Waldlager near Ampfing. That is about 60 kilometers ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 169,200 | 169,700 |
Q.Will you show that to the Tribunal, please? A.Yes. (Indicating tattoo to Tribunal) Q.Do you know whether or not any of the other boys who were sterilized with you died as a result of the sterilization? A.From the sterilization, no. But later many were gassed. Very few are still alive. Q.Did you have pictures made of ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 169,650 | 170,150 |
all the defendants are present in the court. THE PRESIDENT:The Secretary General will note that fact for the record. The Tribunal will now announce its ruling in the matter of the proposed witness Neff. The ruling of the court will be pronounced by Judge Sebring. JUDGE SEBRING:Gentlemen of the prosecution and the defen... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 170,100 | 170,600 |
may decide to file criminal charges against him and try him as a war criminal, in which event any statements made by him under oath can and may be used against him in such prosecution; that consequently he may refuse to answer any questions put to him which in his opinion tend to incriminate him. If the prosecution wis... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 170,550 | 171,050 |
a decision. THE PRESIDENT:Counsel will submit in writing a statement of the place in which they desire the Tribunal to rule upon. It will be considered and an answer will be given as soon as possible. JUDGE SEBRING:Doctor, I am not so sure that I know the full import of your question. Is it this, that you are concerned... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 171,000 | 171,500 |
will ask that the witness Robert Levy be called to the stand. THE PRESIDENT:The Marshal will summon the witness Robert Levy. DR. ROBERTLEVY, a witness, took the stand and testified as follows: BY THE PRESIDENT: Q.Will the oath be administered to this witness in French or in German? A.French. Q.Hold up your right hand. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 171,450 | 171,950 |
to about ten thousand sick or wounded. Q.Were you captured by the Germans in June of 1940? A.I was captured by the Germans on the 16th of June, 1940. Q.What did you do following that time? A.Up to the 1st of November 1940, in a Stalag in France, and then I was sent away. I was discharged because of my medical knowledge... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 171,900 | 172,400 |
understand that it was for political reasons, but I was never interrogated. QAre you Jewish, witness? AI was a Jew. QNow, when you got to Birkenau, did you have a number tatooed on your arm? ANumber 145,920 is tatooed on my forearm. QWitness, will you show the Tribunal, please? AYes sir. (THE WITNESS SHOWS HIS TATOOED ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 172,350 | 172,850 |
been sterilized? AAfter four or five weeks, there was a selection, which took from 80% to 90% of my cases away, in that way I could not say that I achieved any results in looking after them. QWe will come to that later, Doctor. I want to ask you as a resule of your work if you had any occasion to observe any inmates at... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 172,800 | 173,300 |
trouble. I had the sick belonging to all nationalities. QAnd you examined these men - these boys - and you found that they had been subject to xray and that some also had their testicles removed - either one or both? AYes sir. QAs I understand, you found that the seratum and inner thighs of some of these boys had been ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 173,250 | 173,750 |
he indicated the victims, and their serial number was immediately written down by the nurse and fourteen hours later they left naked in lorries in the direction of the gas chambers. QCan you give any estimate of the number of people who were exterminated in Birkenau during the period that you were there? ANo, during th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 173,700 | 174,200 |
work, that is forced laborers, were subsequently executed at Birkenau because they were no longer able to work? ANo, I didn't see any. QNow, Doctor, you stated that you left Birkenau in January, 1945? AYes sir. QAnd you then went to Mathausen Concentration Camp? ATo Mathausen. QAnd when were you freed from Mathausen? A... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 174,150 | 174,650 |
which will be Prosecution Exhibit No.169. The date on this letter appears on page 54 of the English document book; it is 30 May 1942. It is a letter from Professor Dr. Clauberg, Chief Physician of the Gynecological Clinic of the Knappschaft Hospital and of the St. Hedwig Hospital. It is to the Reichsfuehrer SS Himmler:... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 174,600 | 175,100 |
experimental institute, directed exclusively by you. I believe that in view of the procurement of the land, the necessary animals, the attending personnel, and the human material to be provided, an annex to your camp in Upper Silesia would offer the best facilities. Cash would be needed only for the procurement of: "Wi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 175,050 | 175,550 |
means of some fundamental experiments a method should be found which would lead to sterilization of persons without their knowledge. The Reichsfuehrer SS wanted to get another report as soon as the result of these experiments would become known, so that the sterilization of Jewesses could then be carried out in actuali... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 175,500 | 176,000 |
SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer." The second copy of this letter went to SS-Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl in Berlin" with the request to acknowledge. SS-Obersturmbannfuehrer Koggel also got a copy for the information of the Camp Physician. Moreover, the Reich Physician-SS and the Reich Main Security Office got a copy." The third cop... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 175,950 | 176,450 |
Pole. The Court should not conclude that because of the kind of X-ray mentioned in some of these documents dealing with the Clauberg method, that this was a sterilization by means of X-Ray. I think the fact is that his method of sterilization was through the injection of some sort of solution into the uterus; and frequ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 176,400 | 176,900 |
most likely several hundred -- if not even 1000 per day'. Please permit me to postpone my report about the other part of my researches (positive population policy) because it will take some time until something essential can be said in this field. Reichsfuehrer! The main reason for my reporting to you just today (that ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 176,850 | 177,350 |
X-ray installation -- I can give you the explanation only by word of mouth. At any rate, the probability exists that even more of the installations will be needed later on (it depends on the kind of application of my results the moment these are fixed). For I can get the installation without further difficulties, that ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 177,300 | 177,800 |
this time. I think there will be occasion at a later stage in the trial for the Court to either hear testimony from the stand or by way of affidavits dealing with sterilizations conducted on women in the Ravensbruck concentration camp by the Clauberg method, but at this time we would like to call to the stand the witne... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 177,750 | 178,250 |
the Dachau concentration camp? A.I was liberated by the French and I was at that time situated in a side camp of the main camp of Dachau. Q.Witness, you have told us that you arrived at Dachau in the spring of 1940. What duties were assigned to you in the concentration camp? A.For a few weeks I worked at a garage and I... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 178,200 | 178,700 |
attacked was transferred from the station, and another one was substituted. Q.How many people or prisoners were used for these experiments? A.I think there were approximately 50 people who were used. Q.Were these prisoners Gypsies? A.Yes. Q.I understand you to say that these prisoners were not selected from the Dachau ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 178,650 | 179,150 |
were the directives of the physicians who were thee. We saw that on many occasions the patient was cured much faster who had received no drugs or injections. Experiments of that kind were conducted for many weeks, and if I may a layman make a judgment, I must say that the physicians, according to my observations, were ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 179,100 | 179,600 |
that question--phlegmone means an inflammation of the tissues and in the camp of Dachau these phlegmone were very numerous because the people there were mostly sent to the hospital too late. The phlegmones, as far as I know, that the typical camp phlegmone are a consequence of the germs. All such persons received phleg... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 179,550 | 180,050 |
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