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this commission consisted of three to four people. Just for curiousity's sake, I asked Dr. Ding for the names of these gentlemen. Of those names I still remember the following: Professor Gildemeister, President of the Robert Koch Institute in Berlin, and Professor Rose, Medical Advisor to the Luftwaffe in Berlin. Since... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 585,000 | 585,500 |
vaccines. At the beginning of 1945 Dr. Ding came and asked the station clerk, a Pole by the name of Gadzinski, to make a list of all the sick and dead who had gone through the station. It is from that list that I remember the above mentioned figures. "9) All persons used in the experiments had to be completely healthy ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 585,450 | 585,950 |
be permitted to bring the witness here for cross examination. I shall make the appropriate request in writing. The witness is located in the Camp of Stahrmuehlen in the British Zone of Occupation and he has given this affidavit there in Detmold. Therefore, it should be possible to have him brought here. THE PRESIDENT:T... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 585,900 | 586,400 |
had given a report on the typhus experiments at the same meeting of the Military Medical Association in May 1943. These documents will corroborate the statements made by this witness and work by the defendant Fisher. The first excerpt is from a report on 1st Congress of Consulting Experts. That is, of course, the Milit... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 586,350 | 586,850 |
presented to the High Tribunal in such a way -- that is, in a good translation -- so that it will see from the entirety of these documents and will gain the impression which the defense wants to present, and therefore I object to the presentation of excerpts from the entire documents, if I am not given the possibility ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 586,800 | 587,300 |
state, there are a great number of matters dealt with in these volumes which concern other medical research -other medical activities -- of the military medical officers in Germany. The meetings as I understand it, the meeting consisted of a number of groups of doctors, divided according to the activity in which they w... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 587,250 | 587,750 |
for the defense; that is, in this case, for the realization of the proper importance of all the actions which were committed. A brief review of the excerpts which ** to be presented will show that not even the excerpts show completely the discussions and speeches, but that, from these reports, only individual sections ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 587,700 | 588,200 |
Part of the defendants' own case, in representing their defense, is in the presentation of evidence and portions of reports which they deem to be material to it, and they should throw some light on the situation to the defense counsel. Does that answer Counsel's question? DR. NELTE:May I ask tho President one question?... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 588,150 | 588,650 |
papers submitted to that meeting. This excerpt is not offered on the ground that the matters here reported are purely criminal. I will read it first: "Mrugowsky indicates that, according to his investigations, Shiga seems only to appear in Southern Russia, but this may change again. Protective vaccinations against dyse... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 588,600 | 589,100 |
This is a partial translation of the report on the 2nd Meeting East of Consulting Physicians, from 30 November to 3 December 1942, at the Medical Academy, Berlin. The first part of the excerpt which I wish to read is the foreword contained in the report written by the Defendant Handloeser. It roads as follows: "From 30... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 589,050 | 589,550 |
the leading medical officers and all of the consulting physicians. Where the guiding principles, which were worked out on the various themes, require alteration in the existing information leaflets of the require alteration in the existing information leaflets of the H. DV. 209; this will be taken into account in later... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 589,500 | 590,000 |
and tho Organization Todt are participating and unified. "Gentleman: You will surely permit that I greet you with a general welcome and with tho sincere wish that our common work may be blessed with the hoped for joint success. "I would, however, like to extend a special greeting to the Reich Chief of Health Service, U... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 589,950 | 590,450 |
lung shots, jaw shots, shots in joints, fractures of the thigh and the surgical treatment of severe freezing. the internists put hepatitis epidemica and war nephritis in the foreground. "Of course tuberculosis requires greater attention in the fourth year of the war. Dermatologists and forensic medical men have been ne... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 590,400 | 590,900 |
the question of effective nutrition, the necessity of the classification of foodstuffs in simple form with a view to their qualitative value. "As during the last Work Conference, all problems will be decided and measures and guiding principles will be established in accordance with present day knowledge. I consider it ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 590,850 | 591,350 |
disease atlas will encompass all territories which might conceivably come into consideration as theaters of war. It will be placed at the disposal of all branches concerned as a basis for their work. If, for obvious reasons, it is to be withheld from open sale for the present, it will nevertheless be placed at the disp... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 591,300 | 591,800 |
regularly sets in; at under 28° heartfailure frequently occurs in human beings. (Over-exertion due to unequal distribution of blood, increased resistance and increased viscosity.) Treatment with drugs is senseless and has no effect. In the cases of human beings best results are also achieved with hot baths. The foam-su... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 591,750 | 592,250 |
of injury to the general healthy through freezing it is important to follow up the administering of a hot bath and the restoration of the normal functioning of the skin with body massage, heart remedies are unreliable, likewise other remedies. It is difficult to determine the intensity of short wave treatment." And, of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 592,200 | 592,700 |
Conclusions: (1) Suppuration of the soft parts of the body caused by bacteria cannot be prevented even by immediate administration of sulfanilamide. (2) The course of the inflammatory disease of aerobic producers of abcesses and phlegmons could not be demonstrably influnced by sulfanilamide. Combined treatment of gasga... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 592,650 | 593,150 |
start without special local conditions (demolition of the tissue, interruption of the circulation)", and the testimony before this Tribunal has very clearly demonstrated that that is precisely the way in which the artificial infection was made to take by tying of blood vessels at either end of the wound so that there w... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 593,100 | 593,600 |
the non-vaccinated ones. "The eranthema of the vaccinated groups did not become hemorrhagic and disappeared on the average one week earlier than the eranthema of the non-vaccinated parallel groups." So we see that at the same meeting at which the sulfanilamide experiments were being reported on, Dr. Ding also gave a re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 593,550 | 594,050 |
same time, arc responsible for the use and the performance of our medical officers. "The Reichsfuehrer desires that the meeting which you have called will not fail to have the expected success. I convey to you personally his special greetings. I believe, and this probably is the sole expectation of all concerned, that ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 594,000 | 594,500 |
own conviction. The exterior frame-work already promises success. The preparations which SS-Gruppenfuehrer Gebhardt, our host, has made for this meeting are promising in themselves. Hohenlyhchen, which is for all of us the concept of genuine medical practice, medical efficiency and of soldierly life, provides the exter... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 594,450 | 594,950 |
of the war, and therefore recognize the necessity of separate development and special working methods which the war is bringing about. You, colleague Toennis, know of these tasks and of these problems. Your deserts in this connection are unique. Not only did you use new ways of organization, with the help placed at you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 594,900 | 595,400 |
demand from us. Your Consulting Physician, Dr. Gutzoit, has been a faithful assistant to you. We all know the influence, which has emanated from Dr. Gutzeit's personality and from his department. His unselfish personal effort, his scientific research work and importance as consulting physician to his Chief are incontes... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 595,350 | 595,850 |
no limits to competence. There is no exceptional position either. Only the mutual solution of all these most difficult problems can be considered. We know without further discussion what Tuberculosis, for example, means. Where does it not appear? There is it not possible that it might appear? Must not all we physicians... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 595,800 | 596,300 |
THE MARSHAL:The Tribunal is again in session. MR. MCHANEY:We come now to Count Four of the indictment which deals with membership in a criminal organization. That is paragraph 16 of the indictment. It reads as follows: "The defendants Karl Brandt, Genzken, Gebhardt, Rudolf Brandt, Mrugowsky, Poppendick, Sievers, Brack,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 596,250 | 596,750 |
The basis of this finding is the participation of the organization in war crimes and crimes against humanity connected with the war; this group declared criminal cannot include, therefore, persons who had ceased to belong to the organizations enumerated in the preceding paragraph prior to September 1, 1939." The next a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 596,700 | 597,200 |
Party number, that is, his Nazi Party number, is listed as 39913, a very low number, and shows early membership in the Nazi party. His SS number is 207954. The next column shows his birth date as being June 8, 1885. The next column shows that he was a Lt. General in the Waffen SS and shows in the last group that he att... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 597,150 | 597,650 |
ReichsfuehrerSS. Party No. 144983. SS No. 275325. Birth date, July 10, 1905. Claimed the rank of Standartenfuehrer on November 9, 1942. Also listed as a Standartenfuehrer is the defendant Rudolf Brandt whose Order No. is 1284. He was attached to the Personal Staff of the ReichsfuehrerSS. His Party No. 1331536, and his ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 597,600 | 598,100 |
the documents. In the table of contents it has been listed, and has been stated with some titles, that I do not know the contents of this article. Therefore, I would like to receive an explanation from the Prosecution as to what this document is supposed to signify. MR. McHANEY:Frankly, I have never so much as seen the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 598,050 | 598,550 |
as a soldier, had to give. JUDGE SEBRING:Can you say whether or not, Mr. McHaney, this books pretends to have incorporated in it arty rules of land warfare if the German army had such rules? MR.McHaNEY: I can't say offhand, your Honor. By looking at the table of contents, I would conclude that it does not contain any r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 598,500 | 599,000 |
you have the original there, Mr. McHaney? MR. McHANEY:The Interpretation Department has it right now. We'll bring it right down. The Court has been advised by Dr. Servatius' statement that his client will take the stand and that we can interrogate him then. I submit that that has nothing to do with the admissibility of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 598,950 | 599,450 |
Brandt's own personal affidavit; and, consequently, as the record now stands, there is no proof in the case in chief that he was a member of the Reich Research Council. This interrogation contains a series of around four questions which deal with that and in which the admission is made that he was a member. We also wou... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 599,400 | 599,900 |
is stated that the correctness of these charts is confirmed. The word "Correctness" can only refer to the original charts, but not to the fact that any consequence can be drawn from these charts. Furthermore there are many omissions in that text. In twenty pages there is an interrogation lasting about an hour and a hal... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 599,850 | 600,350 |
in the record. The so-called mistake on dates is not really a fault in the transcript in at least one instant. I happened to have been present during the course of the interrogation and I directed that a question be put to him as to when he first became a member of the Reich Research Council. My recollection is that he... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 600,300 | 600,800 |
and the Reich Research counsel. The next series of questions appear on Page 7 of the Englis Translation It is about the middle of Page 11 of the original. QWhat was your position in the National Research Council? AI was a member of the National Research Council without any actual office until March 1945. QBut you were ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 600,750 | 601,250 |
Walter RaPP and provisionally admitted as prosecution Exhibit 294. Document Number 885 is an affidavit of Schuh attested to by Guy Favarger on the 18th of November, 1946. It was provisionally admitted as Prosecution Exhibit 314. DocumentNO-883, affidavit of Eyer, attested to by Guy Favarger, 18 November 1946, was provi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 601,200 | 601,700 |
have been Clocked against these dates in certificate as to when the named person was first vested with authority to administer oath, and all of these affidavits do fall within that time limitation. THE PRESIDENT:That is quite correct. DR. GAWLIK:The counsel for the defendant Hoven. The Tribunal and counsel, I would lik... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 601,650 | 602,150 |
which have been objected to on the grounds that no oath had been administered; that they were unsworn statements. I think they were provisionally admitted subject to the Prosecution obtaining a sworn statement of identical character. Those have not been forthcoming from the Austrian authority as yet, but I am advised t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 602,100 | 602,600 |
report. Second: Jan Antonie van Loenwarden in Fladigen, page 13 of the German translation, and Third: Johannes Peter Schalker; page 15 of the German translation. MR. MC HANEY:The prosecution, of course, grants the right of defense counsel to make his application for the procuring of these witnesses. However, we shall r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 602,550 | 603,050 |
THE PRESIDENT:It appears to the Tribunal that the plan outlined by counsel for defendants Gebhardt, Oberhauser and Fischer would be advantageous not only from their standpoint but from the standpoint of the prosecution of the Tribunal and the request is granted. Further, in connection with the opening statement on beha... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 603,000 | 603,500 |
time which would be useful to the Tribunal, then the Tribunal would have something with which to follow in listening to counsel tomorrow. DR. SERVATIUS:Mr. President, I shall see to it that a list is compiled giving the approximate time which is claimed by the individual defense counsels. TEE PRESIDENT:That is what the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 603,450 | 603,950 |
said. THE PRESIDENT:I stated that counsel for the defense was correct in assuming that after having furnished their opening statements in German to the Translating Department and having been assured that they would be translated, counsel was not under any obligation to concern himself further in the matter. DR. SAUTER:... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 603,900 | 604,400 |
adequate. Counsel may proceed. DR. SERVATIUS:Mr. President, I have a few technical questions before the proceedings. First, with reference to the start of the submission of the evidence, the time which was at our disposal could not be used fully since we were not able to speak to witnesses freely as we pleased, and we ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 604,350 | 604,850 |
against the Defendant Karl Brandt be declared insufficient. 1) for legal reasons in regard to Count 1 of the Indictment, Conspiracy to Commit War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, 2) For factual reasons in regard to Count 11 of the Indictment. War Crimes. Count A, high-altitude experiments Count B, freezing experimen... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 604,800 | 605,300 |
not only the conspiracy to commit aggressive war, but also to commit war crimes and crimes against humanity. But the Charter does not define as a separate crime any conspiracy except the one to commit acts of aggressive "wars. Article 6 of the Charter provides: 'Leaders, organizers, instigators, and accomplices partici... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 605,250 | 605,750 |
execution' shows that planning is a preliminary to execution, that is, attempt. The technical term ' common plan or conspiracy' cannot, however, fall under that heading. "The system applied by Law No. 10 corresponds to the intent of the law. In Article II a clear distinction is made between the type of crime in paragra... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 605,700 | 606,200 |
position alone. At that time there was not as yet any Chief of the Wehrmacht Medical Service, to whom the Prosecution refers, and at that time the Defendant Karl Brandt could not yet have been in any official relationship to the medical heads of the Wehrmacht branches or the SS. "The Prosecution has not presented any f... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 606,150 | 606,650 |
come now to Count IIC, malaria experiments. According to the prosecution, the malaria experiments took place in Dachau from February 1942 until April 1945, at Himmler's orders. The latter fact is revealed by the official report on the trial of Professor Schilling in Dacheu, page 446 of the German transcript. The prosec... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 606,600 | 607,100 |
the codefendant Schaefer, who states that the sea water experiments were an open secret in the "highest medical circles". The only fact which Schaefer can give as a reason is his report on his experiments to his supreme superiors who were collaborating with him. That anyone else gained knowledge of the nature of the ex... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 607,050 | 607,550 |
position which he assumed only after the conclusion of the experiments in Auschwitz and Ravensbrueck in 1944 when he became Reich Commissar. Apart from the fact that that affidavit does pot contain any fact, it cannot be used against the defendant Karl Brandt because there has been no cross-examination. The prosecution... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 607,500 | 608,000 |
report and the chart are misleading in so far as it cannot be seen from them that inregard to the person of the defendant Karl Brandt the chart could have had validity at the earliest for the period after the third decree of 25 August 1944, when the position of Reich Commissar was created; at that time the events which... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 607,950 | 608,450 |
expressly did not consider himself as the top of the German medical apparatus, but as "Differential". The charges against the defendant Karl Brandt then are based on the general official connections which he had due to his position. The charges of participation in unwarranted experiments is based on the official contac... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 608,400 | 608,900 |
out in October 1939 in Sachsenhausen to test the drugF 1001. In this connection, a final report of 5 January 1940 by Grawitz is referred to. In regard to this particular point, a participation of the defendant Karl Brandt is not to be considered, as he did not yet hold any official position at the time and no facts hav... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 608,850 | 609,350 |
not paying any more attention to him. I shall do that by examining the co-defendant Sievers. Finally, I stall introduce evidence that even after the promulgation of the chemical warfare agents decree of 1 March 1944 Himmler gave orders for the execution of experiments with N-gas, on his own, by examination of the co-de... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 609,300 | 609,800 |
To the extent that the experiments in the Dachau concentration camp formed the substance of the evidence, presented by the prosecution, no position will be taken in regard to them, since these experiments are not the subjects of the indictment. The Defendant Karl Brandt is charged with having carried out the experiment... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 609,750 | 610,250 |
of Professor Rose. In answer to this, evidence will be introduced to the effect that the Defendant Karl Brandt was not present during the previously mentioned lecture of the Hygiene division and that he was not informed about the happenings by examination of the co-defendant Rose and of the defendant himself. 2. The ch... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 610,200 | 610,700 |
in spite of the secrecy observed, was considered by all state agencies concerned to be a legally binding law, by examination or affidavit, of the witness Dr. Lammers, Brack, Schwarz, Schulze, Engel and by the examination of the defendant himself; (3) that the contents of the law referred only to German citizens whose l... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 610,650 | 611,150 |
Rose concerning transfer of a mental institution to him had no connection with the execution of euthanasia; by examination of the co-defendant Rose and of the defendant himself. Finally, I shall bring proof that the Defendant Karl Brandt did not have to assume the execution or supervision of euthanasia in his official ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 611,100 | 611,600 |
not be able to appear before March, so I should have to confine myself to Professor Geuhle. A written opinion on euthanasia will be presented from the point of view of medical history by Professor Diepken; from the point of view of forensic medicine by Professor Meuller-Hoss. Concerning legal, moral and medical concept... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 611,550 | 612,050 |
the subject of the indictment, who has not issued any general decree or any specific order pertaining to the experiments under indictment here, is considered guilty by the Prosecution because offices which were subordinate to him in organizational or military respect, or medical officers who were members of such subord... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 612,000 | 612,500 |
crimes based on his special responsibility. B) Count I): CONSPIRACY The Prosecution has stated that the case here on trial is one of the simplest and clearest cases for the facts of "conspiracy". I believe that the case of the Prosecution did not prove a "conspiracy", that is, a willful and knowing planning and collabo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 612,450 | 612,950 |
1). In respect to the facts; the Chief Prosecutor (page 115 of the record) and later on, during the session of 2 January 1947, Mr. McHaney, (page 989 of the record) called the meetings of the "Consulting Specialists" a "typical conference of conspirators." In order to prove to the Tribunal the error of this assumption,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 612,900 | 613,400 |
Inspectorate, Generalarzt SCHMIDT-BRUECKEN, B) the former chief of staff of the Chief of the Wehrmacht Medical Inspectorate, Generalarzt W. WUERFLER, C) the former Generalarzt in the Army Medical Inspectorate HARTLEBEN. In this connection I shall also submit affidavits of the co-defendants GENZKEN and MRUGOWSKY as Exhi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 613,350 | 613,850 |
hygienist in the Army Medical Inspectorate. Also the above-mentioned witnesses Schmidt-Bruecken, Wuerfler, and Hartleben. It is evident from the Exhibits HA-16 and HA-17 that the defendant Handloser had nothing to do with the research carried on by the Waffen SS. The prosecutor, in reading Document No. 227 (page 152 of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 613,800 | 614,300 |
Institute for the Combatting of Infectious Diseases), and SS-Standartenfuehrer, Lecturer Dr. Mrugowsky of the Hygiene Institute of the Waffen-SS, Berlin." "It is determined that it is necessary to examine the tolerance and effectiveness of typhus vaccines from chicken vitelline sacs. Since animal experiments do not all... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 614,250 | 614,750 |
does not have an additional probative power, in comparison with the Ding entry, for the Prosecution case, it has considerable probative power in the defense of the Defendant Handloser, because it destroys completely the probative value of the first page of the Ding diary which has been submitted. The defense counsel of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 614,700 | 615,200 |
is mentioned. The experiments concern the Luftwaffe specifically. Since, according to the Prosecution, they lasted from March 1942 until about August 1942, and according to the Romberg affidavit (DocumentNO-476) they lasted approximately until the end of May, 1942. Handloser as Chief of the Wehrmacht Medical Service ca... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 615,150 | 615,650 |
proof presented, that Dr. Cremer spoke with Dr. Rascher on official orders and that there was collaboration with the Army Mountain Medical School at St. Johann. But that would be necessary before one could conclusively claim participation of the Army Mountain Medical School at St. Johann, which was under the jurisdicti... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 615,600 | 616,100 |
1939 to 1945 in Sachsenhausen, Natzweiler and other concentration camps, on behalf of the German Wehrmacht. The documents presented by the Prosecution show the following: 1. There is no document showing an order to or participation of the Wehrmacht in experiments in concentration camps or on prisoners. 2. Prof. HIRT'S ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 616,050 | 616,550 |
proof of this assumption." Exhibit HA-4. "In general it must be said for this case and also for later cases that the words of the Indictment, "on behalf of the Wehrmacht", in themselves; that is, without concrete casual facts cannot prove the existence of punishable relation to the Defendant Handloser and his offices. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 616,500 | 617,000 |
of the Wehrmacht. I did not make such a statement.' "b) Professor Dr. Gebhardt states: 'It is incorrect that I over told Dr. Fischer that these experiments were conducted by order of the Medical Office of the Wehrmacht.' "Dr. Fischer and Professor Gebhardt will also testify on the witness stand that the statement in Dr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 616,950 | 617,450 |
defendant Schroeder (DocumentNO-449), which says that the Defendant Handloser know about the Medical research work conducted by the Luftwaffe. "This statement, which was given without any concrete reason for the assertion, has been corrected in an affidavit of the defendant Schroeder of 2 January 1947, Document HA-22. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 617,400 | 617,900 |
for Epidemic Control, to which Handloser did not belong. For this reason Haagen asked Schreiber in a letter dated 12 June 1944 (DocumentNO-299) whether hepatitis research would in future be financed by the Reich Research Council or whether he ought to apply to the Medical Chief of the Luftwaffe for further funds. "It w... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 617,850 | 618,350 |
testify to this. "The typhus experiments of Professor Haagen in Natzweiler have no connection with the Defendant, Handloser, or any of his offices, as is evident from the documents submitted by the Prosecution. The interrogation of the witness, Eyer, did not prove that reports from Prof. Haagen reached the Defendant, H... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 618,300 | 618,800 |
of the facts which the Prosecution alleges to be criminal as far as they touched his sphere of office. "As evidence on this point, I refer to the affidavits by Generalarzt Dr. Penner and the Swiss Colonel, Dr. von Erlach. "I shall further offer affidavits by Prof. Dr. Kurt Veit. (Exhibit HA-30) Dr. Stengele (Exhibit HA... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 618,750 | 619,250 |
since 1942 the duties as Dean of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Berlin, engaged his time and energy to such an extent that his activity on behalf of Carl Brandt's office, which was added to his other work not until the last year of the war, could of necessity not exceed a limited scale. As far as can be r... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 619,200 | 619,700 |
be proved, neither knowledge of, nor influence on, such research orders. It was a purely representative institution which did not exercise any real functions. The possibilities for Rostock's counsel to submit evidence are comparativery limited. To their regret, counsel are not in a position to submit the files of the d... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 619,650 | 620,150 |
this case as a consequence of Germany's unconditional surrender. Never before in history has a modern state been so completely and so absolutely in the hands of the victors. Thus all existing archives and files of German offices and agencies are in the possession of the Allies. These documents have been collected in la... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 620,100 | 620,600 |
research office, as well as of the correspondence with other agencies and he is, furthermore, the man who summarized the information on the research work in the research card index, which was mentioned a moment ago. Another witness, whose hearing was authorized by the Tribunal, is Head Nurse Margarethe Baldow. Here whe... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 620,550 | 621,050 |
had as its aim the commission of war crimes and crime against humanity. Within the framework of this criminal plan, the defendant Professor Dr. Schroeder is also said to have had knowledge of cruel and tormenting experiments on living human beings or at leat to have tolerated them and not to have undertaken anything st... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 621,000 | 621,500 |
with such aims and of such qualities of character would never be willing to lend his hand to a criminal project. As a further essential aspect showing that Professor Dr. Schroeder must have been informed about the criminal experiments on human beings which are the subject of this trial, the prosecution cites his allege... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 621,450 | 621,950 |
It is clear that under those circumstances one cannot speak of any kind of common activity or of action according to a common aim. Furthermore, the prosecution concludes from the fact that during the time in question about four so-called "Consultation Meetings" took place, in which representatives of the highest medica... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 621,900 | 622,400 |
Consulting Hygienist of Air Fleet Center or The Reich, Fleet Center, Prof. Dr. Haagen was officially subordinated to the Medical Inspectorate. The defense will likewise prove that the Medical Inspectorate had nothing to do with the activity of Haagen here in question. The Consulting Specialist insofar as they were dire... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 622,350 | 622,850 |
orders were not open; they were sent as "Top Secret" under the protection of strictest secrecy. 1) In the framework of these assignments under the protection of secrecy, Haagen undoubtedly undertook experiments in concentration camps. The defense will prove that the defendant Professor Dr. Schroeder did not have any kn... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 622,800 | 623,300 |
in question. e) The Counts in the Indictment regarding experiments on human beings concerning yellow fever and hepatitis are eliminated in any case since the prosecution did not submit any evidence at all to conducted in these two groups. From the documents submitted by the prosecution it is quite obvious that a clearl... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 623,250 | 623,750 |
in a concentration camp and which, in a sense, forced them to be executed there. Special weight against the defendant is given to the fact that in the letter to the Reich Minister of the Interior and the Reichsfuehrer SS of 7 June 1944 he did not mention that the experiments planned in the concentration camp Dachau wer... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 623,700 | 624,200 |
tasks of peace, the problem of rescuing human beings in distress at sea from dying of thirst. Mr. President! Your Honors! The Defendant GENZKEN was Chief of the Medical Service of the Waffen SS from the time it was organized. He was in change of all the medical care of the troops of the Waffen SS, that is to say medica... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 624,150 | 624,650 |
reports or carry on any correspondence about these experiments. Aside from this general point of view of conspiracy and membership in the SS, GENZKEN is charged with special responsibility for alleged participation in the sulfonamide, typhus, phosphorus, and poison experiments. He is not charged with active participati... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 624,600 | 625,100 |
the wood and glass particles needed for the artificial contamination of the wounds were delevered by the Hygienic Institute of the Waffen SS. I shall prove through defense witnesses that the execution of these sulfonamide experiments was no more on the field of work of the Medical Office of the Waffen SS than the typhu... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 625,050 | 625,550 |
any knowledge of these experiments; he learned of them only through the Indictment. This will be shown unequivocally by the evidence. The evidence in the Genzken case will show that it was not the duty of the defendant to conduct scientific research or experiments on prisoners, but only to give medical care to the troo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 625,500 | 626,000 |
is a source of considerable danger for an objective and just verdict. The purpose of all criminal proceedings is the discovery of the material truth. The first prerequisite for the discovery of tne truth in a court trial is the impartial establishment of the objective facts. This includes all the circumstances, which a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 625,950 | 626,450 |
the National Socialistic theories, there can be no doubt that legal proceeding can no more pass judgment on the value of this philosophic and political program than it can on the value and truth of historical materialism or any similar doctrine. A legal proceeding can only concern itself with the investigation of concr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 626,400 | 626,900 |
be denied that the impression of the conditions in these camps could only too easily affect the ascertaining and evaluation of the guilt of these defendants. This is another reason for limiting the subject of this court examination to the facts for which the defendants are made accountable in the indictment. The genera... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 626,850 | 627,350 |
appeared that diseases caused by an infection through streptococcus; staphilococcus, meningococcus, pneumococcus, and gonococcus offered the best prospects for cure. This was the opinion of the German military physicians at the beginning of the war in 1939. Although a final clarification of the value of the sulfa drugs... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 627,300 | 627,800 |
during the coming winter. Indeed, the decision whether it would be necessary to reinforce the front-line surgical installations or whether, in view of the favorable results of an intensive sulfa treatment, the wounded soldiers could be expected to make the long trip back to the rear-area army hospitals, depended on it.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 627,750 | 628,250 |
the course of the arguments. But now we should like to point out an error that the chief prosecutor made in his description of the sulfa drug experiments in his opening statements. He asserts that during the many sulfa drug experiments some test persons were wounded, but were not treated with sulfa drugs. These experim... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 628,200 | 628,700 |
experiments, she had to vacate several rooms, in which the test persons were lodged. Since it was also her duty to treat test persons, and to care for them, she had to be personally present during the operatings in order to be familiar with the course of the surgical incision, as, otherwise, it would have been impossib... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 628,650 | 629,150 |
of the Indictment under the heading, "the Common Conspiracy." Further, may I point out at this time the fact that Article II of Law No. 10 of the Control Council constitutes a considerable amplification of the concept of conspiracy as it is to be found in German criminal law. It is my opinion-which I shall substantiate... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 629,100 | 629,600 |
The purpose of the defense of Dr. Blome will be as follows: 1): Dr. Blome participated in no way in the malaria, experiment. He had no knowledge of Dr. Schilling's malaria experiments in - chau, he never set foot in the latter's insituation, he never spoke award with Dr. Schilling about the latter's malaria experiments... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 629,550 | 630,050 |
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