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AThis meeting was held first of all in a room of the Kolumbus Haus, but then it was moved into a room of the Reich Channcery where further discussions took place, which I have already discussed. QWas that the channcery of the fuehrer under Bouhler? AI discovered later on it was part of the Reich Channcery, which was kn... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 540,000 | 540,500 |
told us yesterday about the meeting in Berlin in February 1940 concerning the Euthanasia Program. You had told us the names of some of the persons present at this meeting and you had also told us where the meeting was held. A.Yes. Q.You had also stated that the Defendant Brack was chairman of this meeting. A.Yes. Q.I n... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 540,450 | 540,950 |
heard anything about him. Q.You mentioned the name Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft? A.Yes. Q.Will you tell the Tribunal what this Reich association did? A.The Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft primarily dealt with the supervision of the questionnaire procedure, that is, this Reichsarbeitsgemeinschaft saw to it that the questionnaire... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 540,900 | 541,400 |
I know those. There was another name that you mentioned. QReinhold Vorberg, V-o-r-b-e-r-g. AI can remember vaguely a gentleman who might have had the name, but I an not sure whether the person whom I am thinking of was really called Vorberg. Q.Now, Doctor, are you familiar with the Reich Committee for Research on hered... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 541,350 | 541,850 |
as far as I understand it; the list corresponds to the facts, as far as I know the program. QThe qualification then you have made, considering your knowledge of program, gives a correct picture of the Euthanasia Program, would you say? AYes. QDoctor, before we leave the meeting in Berlin in February of 1940, I want to ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 541,800 | 542,300 |
these patients removed from their institutions to so-called intermediate stations and then from there they were transferred to the euthanasia institutes. From the geographical point of view around an euthanasia institution there were several institutions as so-called intermediate stations, collection institutions. They... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 542,250 | 542,750 |
charge of Dr. Schmidt? AYes. QDid Dr. Schmidt put children to death there on authorization from the Reichs Committee for Hereditary and Constitutional diseases? A.As I recently learned from the trial in Frankfurt, yes. QDidn't you know that was happening while you were director of the institution? AI knew the purpose o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 542,700 | 543,200 |
I had been doing. QNow, doctor, did this questionnaire which you received on the patients have a blank for the nationality of the patient? AYes. QDid it also have a blank for the race of the patient? AYes. QDid you receive questionnaires on which you passed judgment as an expert which showed that the patient was a non-... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 543,150 | 543,650 |
ANo. The two visits were not that far apart. The first time must have been in the winter of 1940 before the end of the year and the second time in the same winter of 1941 - after the beginning of 1941. QDoctor, in order to refresh your recollection on some of those points I want to show you DocumentNO-907which has been... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 543,600 | 544,100 |
must have been an exception, this letter. Q.Well, Doctor, don't you know that all concentration camps were under Rimmler, and that - AYes, of course. But that the Reichsfuehrer SS should concern himself with the Euthanasia Program in this manner, I did not know that. QWell, but Doctor wouldn't the SS, the competent off... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 544,050 | 544,550 |
that means? A.I do not know. Q.Will you turn to page 21? Do you see the heading "Czechs"? A.Yes. Czechs. Q.Will you turn to page 23? Do you see the heading "Poles in Protective Custody"? MR. MC HANDY:It is page 27, Your Honor. A.Page 23, I see "Poles in Protective Custody". Q.And on the next page, "Czechs in Protective... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 544,500 | 545,000 |
sorted out and presented to you upon your arrival at the camp? A.Yes. A.You could not have done your job if you had to select eligible inmates from all the inmates in the camp, could you? A.If I had had to select them, no, then I would not be able to fulfill my task. A.Doctor, were all of the concentration camp inmates... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 544,950 | 545,450 |
to select inmates? A.In Dachau, as far as I know, we were approximately 10 to 12 physicians. In other places there were less, maybe 5 to 6. In a number of cases, there were only individuals active. It differed. Q.Now can you tell us approximately the total number of doctors who were commissioned to made these visits? A... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 545,400 | 545,900 |
Jews, in every case, were healthy, physically and mentally. Q.I didn't understand quite the last statement you made. Witness, will you repeat that, please? A.The leadership of the Euthanasia Program did not attach any value to any physician's examination of the Jews since on the average these Jews were healthy, physica... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 545,850 | 546,350 |
letter. It's the second line of the excerpt in which you state: "On Thursday and Friday a meeting will be held in Prina within the frame of the action, in which problems of the future will be discussed and in which Schmalenbach will take part as the medical adjutant of Herren Brack." And, then in parentheses is the nam... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 546,300 | 546,800 |
mean Mr. Brack. Q.Now, a few lines down you state: "I want to show it to Prof. Schneider with whom I discussed it this morning and who was very interested in this 'recommencement'". What do you mean by "recommencement"? A.It was probably concerned with the recommencement of Euthanasia in the Euthanasia Institute and I ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 546,750 | 547,250 |
would be possible and that Dr. Schmidt would be sent to the front. Now, in order to receive an assurance that my being declared indispensable was carried through, I wrote to Mr. Blankenburg since I knew it was this agency of Mr. Blankenburg; which could succeed in managing my being classified as indispensable with the ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 547,200 | 547,700 |
definite knowledge is that Hadamar stopped operations in August 1941; is that right? AYes. QBut your visits to concentration camps continued until June 1942? Is that right? AYes. QAnd your activity as an expert continued until the summer of 1942? Is that right? AYes. Q.Do you know whether the program was reactivated at... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 547,650 | 548,150 |
never heard him speak. He really did not appear during the course of this program. When in 12944 I was treated as a patient in the army hospital in St. Blasien, I found out through conversations with officers that Professor Brandt had an essential part in the collection of insane persons in the area of Lublin, Poland. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 548,100 | 548,600 |
you don't know the distribution of the work between Bouhler and Professor Brandt? ANo. QWitness, you were present during the first conference in Berlin at the Columbus-Haus? AYes. QAfter that, it was continued in tho Reich Chancellery? AYes. QWhat was said at that time, and how was your task interpreted at the Columbus... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 548,550 | 549,050 |
you? A.I acted according to purely medical criticism and purely medical conviction when making my expert opinion. And in numerous cases I decided on a "No", or "Doubtful", rather than to say "Yes". Q.Witness, if you decided to say "No", couldn't the other experts outvote you? A.Yes. Q.In what manner was that done? A.Th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 549,000 | 549,500 |
in questionnaires about them. QWho gave you these directives? AI don't know who, in that case, gave them. It may have been Mr. Brack, it may have been Professor Heyde. Especially after such a long time has elapsed, I cannot say that. QNow, you have said before, when examined by the prosecution, that in 1942 you were in... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 549,450 | 549,950 |
an expert on the subject of insane persons and you had already worked in the so-called Euthanasia Program? A.Yes. Q.Well, in that case you must have been especially interested in that. A.Yes, I was interested in it. Q.A very special interest, wasn't it? A.Yes. Q.Did you on any other occasion receive some confirmation o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 549,900 | 550,400 |
Professor Nietsche, sometimes Professor Heyde, or Mr. Brack. These were the people who indicated the procedure to be used. Q.Was not this completely in contradiction to what had been said at the beginning? A.At least it had nothing to do with Euthanasia of the insane. Q.When did you start proceeding according to this p... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 550,350 | 550,850 |
something about Euthanasia, but I did not read a great deal in that field. QSo you really made no publications about tint matter? ANo. QWere you a member of the S.A.? ANo. QWere you a member of the S.S.? AYes. QWhat was your rank in the S.S.? AI was adjutant of the S.S. Oberabschmitts, physician of Wiesbaden. QAnd in t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 550,800 | 551,300 |
positive assurance of the gentleman -- Q.One moment. I want to ask you to confine yourself to my question. I shall come to that point later. You were saying that in the year of 1940 -- in February 1940, you felt no misgivings whatsoever? AI did not say that. QThat is how I understood you. AI said that from time to time... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 551,250 | 551,750 |
made by jurists and medical men; do you know that? A.As far as literature on the problem of euthanasia I do not know very much. I know the little compendium, by Binding-Heche. Q.But you did not know any literature by Ebermayer, Walther, and Meltzer? A.I did not know that. Q.You had no reason after February 1940 to conc... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 551,700 | 552,200 |
were to be excluded, but what I do want to know is wnat I am asking you and that is whether in that discussion in February, 1940 if these exclusions were mentioned? AYes, these exceptions were announced from the very beginning. QAnd now, witness, I want to ask you what circles was that to extend to, and I am referring ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 552,150 | 552,650 |
was, this morning did you properly understand the word, "sabotage" or did you mean the general obligation to keep the matter secret? ABy sabotage I mean constant interference and if a top secret matter is talked about, that is from my point of view constant interference of the execution of what the top secret matter wa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 552,600 | 553,100 |
mercy deaths to certain incurable patients. Now where did Bouhler have his office in Berlin? AIn the Reich Chancellery. QWhat street? AVosstrasse 4. QCorrect. In addition to that office in Vosstrasse 4, was there another office in Berlin where medical questions were dealt with? AIn February, 1940, not yet; but soon the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 553,050 | 553,550 |
another younger physician, but whether that was the reason for Professor Heyde's leaving I doubt very much, and I don't know the name of the other doctor. I don't know the reasons. QWell, what do you think of Professor Heyde, looked at as a human being? AProfessor Heyde was an SS Fuehrer and head of the University Nerv... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 553,500 | 554,000 |
1941. When I came to Tiergartenstrasse there was quite considerable confusion there. When I asked for the reason I was told that a largo part of the personnel of the Reich Association for Mental Institutions was employed at the Eastern front to give aid to German wounded and that vehicles of the Sick Transport Company ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 553,950 | 554,450 |
after the issuance of the Hitler decree regarding Euthanasia was asked by Bouhler to assist him in the organization of this affair in addition to his other duties? AI am not aware of that. QAnd you don't know that the Euthanasia activity of Brack was only a side activity? AI always understood that. Euthanasia was the m... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 554,400 | 554,900 |
camps? AAs I said, it is possible that was the first time that Mr. Brack introduced the concentration camp activity. That would be in the summer of '42, Oranienburg, Sachsenhausen. QSummer of 1942? ASummer of '40, I mean. QIn what connections did he speak about concentration camps at that time? AI can't say this for a ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 554,850 | 555,350 |
cannot say with certainty. I cannot say it. DR FROESCHMANN:I have no further questions. BY DR. GAWLIK: (DEFENSE COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT HOVEN) Q.Witness, in agreement with the Prosecutor, I understood you to say that in the winter of 1940, and the second time in 1941, in the concentration camp you saw the defendant, Hove... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 555,300 | 555,800 |
the criminal files? A.Yes. Q.Do you know that the criminal files were in the political department of the concentration camp? A.Yes. I don't know the organization of the concentration camp well enough to know the term political section; it doesn't mean much to me. Q.In any case, it has nothing to do with criminal files?... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 555,750 | 556,250 |
you would not have been in a position to do your work if the inmates were not presented to you by the physician. Well, just think of what you told me before. Wouldn't you have to correct that answer too? I am referring to the concentration camp of Buchenwald in November 1941. A.I did not understand the beginning of you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 556,200 | 556,700 |
is apparently from the opening statement of General Taylor's. It does not constitute proof in the record because it obviously calls for an expression of an opinion by the witness, and from all indications, the witness's knowledge is limited to two visits to Buchenwald, and which does not include any activities by the d... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 556,650 | 557,150 |
cannot give the prognosis for such an action. QBut you can, you, yourself, say what punishment would follow if there was a breach of security? AIf it had been me, I would have been afraid of being shot. DR. GAWLIK:Mr. President, I have no further questions. THE PRESIDENT:The Tribunal will take a recess. THE MARSHAL:The... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 557,100 | 557,600 |
on page 39 of your book, Dr. Mennecke. A.Yes. Q.Now, towards the middle of the letter you state: "Afterwards we continued our examination until about sixteen o'clock and I myself examined 105 patients, Mueller 78 patients, so that finally a total of 183 reports were ready as a first portion. As second portion a total o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 557,550 | 558,050 |
that DocumentNO 752was not given an exhibit number. In fact, it was admitted as Prosecution Exhibit 424. JUDGE SEBRING:It appear from my document book that it was admitted as Prosecution Exhibit 424. MR. MC HANEY:Yes, sir, it undoubtedly appears in your document book. The mistake was made by the persons transcribing th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 558,000 | 558,500 |
do I know whether Gen. Taylor himself has the authorization to employ such persons and give them such qualifications which are needed in order to administer an oath. I think that a special qualification has to be proved. I don't know whether foreigners, neutral foreigners who can prove no special qualifications, can be... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 558,450 | 558,950 |
At this time I have four additional documents which the Prosecution would like to submit in evidence with respect to the Euthanasia Program, the first of which is DocumentNO 1430, which will be Prosecution Exhibit 429. Defense counsel, I think, have not received this document within the prescribed twenty-four hours bef... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 558,900 | 559,400 |
relatives equally employed in the Reich might put in a Claim. Money, also foreign exchange, will have to be accounted for to this office. "2. Cost of Transportation "New arrivals will mostly come from other institutions as it will hardly ever be possible to make direct delivery to the collecting centers. I must ask you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 559,350 | 559,850 |
this document dealing with half Jews ties up with the exhibit which we presented either yesterday or the day before. It's the exhibit which we presented either yesterday or the day before. It's the exhibit I referred to which was an order dealing with half Jews but it did not show what happened to them. This affidavit ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 559,800 | 560,300 |
counsel for the defense have had an opportunity to object to them. I understand Defense Counsel will be furnished with copies of these documents. MR. MC HANEY:I will again continue to read from the affidavit which is Prosecution's Exhibit 432. "On 1 April 1933 I joined the NSDAP and held party number 1706063; in 1936 I... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 560,250 | 560,750 |
will file such an application. They will request that the witness will be called for cross-examination. At this time the Tribunal will recess until Monday morning, January 27 at nine-thirty o'clock. This recess is taken in order that the defendants may have suitable time within which to prepare their defense. During th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 560,700 | 561,200 |
in a greater hurry than those whose case comes up later. Of course the first defendants have the most extensive proof. The second question, which refers to everyone, is whether statements and briefs have to be submitted for translation so they can be read by the interpreters, and will be available in writing before the... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 561,150 | 561,650 |
cases concerned with affidavits or short excerpts of medical literature. If altogether we had a 12-day adjournment, we could well manage. We had really assumed that the Prosecution would finish my the middle of this week. Then, of course, we could have managed by the 27th. The Language Division suggested that if it wer... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 561,600 | 562,100 |
have this assurance: If it definitely appears the defense will be prejudiced by this proceeding, they may have a further recess. DR. GAWLIK:Mr. President, I have another question. I stated that my most important witnesses are in Holland. I understood the Tribunal to say that I make application for questionnaires to be ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 562,050 | 562,550 |
I swear by God, the Almighty and Omniscient, that I will speak the pure truth and will withhold and add nothing. (The witness repeated the oath.) DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. HARDY: Q.Your name is Werner Leibbrand, is it not? A.Yes. Q.You were born on 23 January 1896? A. 1896. Q.Where were you born? A.In Berlin. Q.You are... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 562,500 | 563,000 |
Medicine. That is the faculty which I am representing now, together with the work of being in charge of the municipal sanatorium. Q.And, Doctor, at the present time you are a professor of the History of Medicine, Chief Physician of the Municipal Hospital at Erlangen University, is that correct? A.It is not the universi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 562,950 | 563,450 |
a spider in its web. Later on, for social and political reasons, these matters began to change. The German doctor was, of course, originally living, shall we say, dependant upon the absolutistic order of the State. Consequently, the German medical profession was sub-divided into different classes, strictly separated fr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 563,400 | 563,900 |
to unify the existing doctors' clubs, numbering 111, in one great union. That was the German Medical Doctors' Union and that Union, until the Third Reich continued to exist and it was only in 1936 that Conti dissolved it. Q.Well, witness, you say that the National German Medical Association was formed in the early 1870... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 563,850 | 564,350 |
did not experience. Q.Now, Professor, what happened to this National German Medical Association in 1933? Did it continue to exist in practice or merely in theory? Did the Nazi Government have any influence upon it? A.No. Q.Then there was complete disruption among the members of the Medical Association in the advent of ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 564,300 | 564,800 |
was the so-called Court of Honor and in both these disciplinary instances there was one legally trained judicial official. The disciplinary punishments of these Courts of Honor, and this is important from the historical point of view, consisted of the following measures which could be introduced: first of all, monetary... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 564,750 | 565,250 |
the last years of the war and within the limits and scope of their possibilities continued to do good work, which could have been possible if a free scientific opinion could have been expressed in these societies, but one could not trust one's neighbor. One belonged to the SS, another belonged to the SA and a third mig... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 565,200 | 565,700 |
with typical National Socialistic ideas. There was another very important change in the first semester, there was an organization, the National Socialistic League of Students, a group called National Health or Popular Health. Its purpose was in the first two or three semesters to determine the suitability of the medica... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 565,650 | 566,150 |
the National Socialist League of Physicians was founded, which in 1933 became an executive force of the NSDAP, and assumed the work of terror against doctors with other ideas. QWho was the leading character or personality of teat organization? AThe later State Secretary, Dr. Leonardo Conti. QWhat did this all lead to i... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 566,100 | 566,600 |
and those doctors were eliminated who belonged to the Socialist League of Physicians which I have described, and because it was a Pacifist organization. For example, that was the reason way I was eliminated in 1933, because I was a pacifist and had belonged to the Socialist League of Physicians. But these restrictions ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 566,550 | 567,050 |
hospital which had a very high reputation, but what were conditions like in this hospital? It became more and more a transit station for those who were carried off to an uncertain fate. It was emptied of instruments, of medicines, and also it was inadequate. For a time it was still tolerated that Jewish patients, if th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 567,000 | 567,500 |
represented, so to speak, the juristic arm of this operation. There was the man in Munich who dealt with these things, a Ministerial Director Jaeger, a medical adviser, Ministerialrat Schmidt. These ordered my appointment as a so-called war assistant physician at the Nuernberg hospital in the nerve clinic. It was notic... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 567,450 | 567,950 |
to his new position. She had no permission to travel. She could not leave her home, but on the other hand, under the terror which prevailed at that time she did not claim welfare which might have been due her, so that in effect the Jewish marriage partner who was now isolated might expect new measures which might mean,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 567,900 | 568,400 |
the extra health office, and I call it that of Mr. Ley or the Committee for Health Service of the NSDAP and its subsections, the National Socialist League of Physicians which obtained more and more executive power in the Party and two other organizations such as tho Hitler Youth and tho Reich Labor Service. All these t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 568,350 | 568,850 |
time of Albrecht von Graewe and maintain tho freedom of the medical profession so that the medical profession might not be completely socialized. I mention this example only in order to show that Conti had tho opportunity of playing on all instruments of this mamouth machine, to play wherever he felt it necessary. QDo ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 568,800 | 569,300 |
President of the Red Cross? A.I found too literal basis for that, Q.Did one have to be a member of the Nazi Party in order to work for the Rod Cross, as they did, if they wanted to work for tho German Government? A.No. Q.Then, you stated that the doctors who were working in tho Red Cross immediately became members of t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 569,250 | 569,750 |
theoretical life of the man who studied, tho literary possibilities, that is to say, the reading of tho periodicals that of course was still something that was possible for him. Q.Did the medical students havo to belong to Party Organizations? A.Concretely they did not havo to belong but the case was that whoever did n... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 569,700 | 570,200 |
it, and watch whether those to be selected were really good Nazis. Those who wore selected were sent to this camp for a few weeks. The loader of such a camp for lecturers was usually a person of little education. I know for instance, one of those leaders of those lecturer camps was a shoemaker to whom was attached a pr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 570,150 | 570,650 |
one practical example, Mr. Pruker at one time maintained, and that was rather Into, approximately 1942, that by any of natural science he could cure syphillis, and a strong controversy on the part of Dermatologist Spiethof insued, and he then finally and to give into Pruker. Hess, was one of these persons who exercised... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 570,600 | 571,100 |
his book as the consequence cf a misunderstood Metsche. QThen Mell did point out that the trust cf a patient in the moral integrity of his physician placed a great responsibility on the physician to conduct himself so as not to harm the patien; isn't that correct? AYes. QNow, did he not point out that scientific curios... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 571,050 | 571,550 |
is one of the central National Socialist formulations of medical matters as, for instance, it was also experssed by Prof. Koetscher, who was active in Nurnberg. He wrote a book entitled "Fighting Prevention instead of Welfare." These are the thoughts which were expressed by the Nazis in the following words: "Christiani... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 571,500 | 572,000 |
time "when everything happened as the evidence has shown. Q.Professor, have not the ethics of the oath of Hippocrates been considered to be the legal one moral cede of the conduct of a physician throughout the world for twenty-two centuries? A.Yes. Q.Now, professor, from your knowledge of the history of medical ethics ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 571,950 | 572,450 |
oath. Those who did not act in accordance with that oath were either subdued or were criminals. However, it is a minority under both categories and I think that the majority of decent human beings will master them. Q.Professor, do you believe that the vast majority of the German medical profession would condone under a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 572,400 | 572,900 |
are you of the opinion that a prisoner who has over ten years' sentence to serve will give his approval to an experiment if he receives no advantages therefrom? Do you consider such approval voluntary? A.No. According to medical ethics this is not the case. The patient or the inmate basically has been brought into a fo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 572,850 | 573,350 |
do not receive any benefits or any pardon for subjecting themselves to this infection. The malaria experiments in the prison underline the fact that malaria is still a very serious medical problem. "In the United States there are one million cases annually. The medicines available, primarily quinine and atabrine, do ke... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 573,300 | 573,800 |
to put to the witness. DR. SAUTER:Dr. Sauter for the Defendant, Blome. CROSS EXAMINATION BY DR. SAUTER: Q.Professor, I do not want to discuss with you the subject which has just been under discussion, the question of general experiments and your opinion of them. I want to ask you only a few questions concerning the Def... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 573,750 | 574,250 |
two organizations in earlier times in 1933 offered Dr. Gerhard Wagner the leadership of these two organizations. Therefore, there was no compulsory transfer, no "gleichschaltung." Please comment. A.On principle I am ready to take notice of what you are saying. However, as a historian I want to point out that such offic... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 574,200 | 574,700 |
It was a body of public law, an independent body, and the head or legal representative of this entity was supposed to have been Dr. Conti. But now I should like to know, do you know that this Dr. Conti, in his capacity as head of the association of insurance physicians, was not represented by Dr. Blome by someone else ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 574,650 | 575,150 |
Secretary in the Reich Ministry of the Interior but only as Reich Physicians Leader, that is in the Reich Chamber of Physicians. The Ministerialdirektor Guett, whom you mentioned in this line in crescendo, he was concerned only with the Ministry of the Interior, only with the State Health Administration in Conti's offi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 575,100 | 575,600 |
to the witness direct questions, it will be more in accordance with the recognized procedure. DR. SAUTER:Mr. President, the nature of the questioning in the case of this witness in particular must, to a certain degree, be determined by the way in which he has testified. He gives lectures of a professor, too, and not ex... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 575,550 | 576,050 |
reason for thinking that they did. A.Doctor; I did not mention Dr. Blome in that action. I merely tried to develop the Action Conti historically and I brought it in connection with the Ministry of Interior, of which Dr. Conti was a member, as State Secretary. Q.But witness; you spoke of an Action Conti which might easi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 576,000 | 576,500 |
Do you know how many of those who so practiced were accepted into the Reich Chamber of Physicians? A.That is not known to me. Q.Then, perhaps I can tell you. Only one, a man by the name of Kersten. I do not know whether you ever heard of the name. This Kersten was formally a Finnish Medizinalrat. He had a good reputati... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 576,450 | 576,950 |
the only difference was after 1933 -- in 1943 a league was formed and that there was certain requirements for training which did not exist before. Is that the truth? A.Yes, before. It was attempted to ban this quack practice. This was attempted through the Reichstag in the years 1910 and 1911. Q.And, since we are on th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 576,900 | 577,400 |
shortening their lives. Did this correspond to the principles of Hippocrates? A.There is nothing to be said against them. Q.Now, will you please tell the Tribunal when the conception of Euthanasia and its demand to doctor in the course of the last century or the last decade, had been expanded and in what way? A.We are ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 577,350 | 577,850 |
Rights of the Insane"? AYes. QWhat argumentation did it advocate of the expanded idea of euthanasia advance quite generally? AIt was expressed in the concept of life, the concept of the unworthy of living, and the life unworthy of living. This concept in itself contains the idea that the sense of living is the life its... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 577,800 | 578,300 |
you say; "This antinomy was true; the doctor lerned it daily; and when he entered that room, when he was surrounded by this misery, he realized the extent of his guilt." And then you continue: "But what could he do? He could go and protest publicly; he could refuse. But what he achieved was only the removal of himself.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 578,250 | 578,750 |
guinea-pigs. Do you remember that? Are you aware that there are quite a number of problems which cannot be solved by animal experiments but only by experiments on human beings? ANaturally. Q.Is the handling of such problems essential for the development of medicine and the good of humanity? A.That is the purpose of mak... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 578,700 | 579,200 |
mentioned to me and also these examples which you have just mentioned which are quite well known to me. Q.Professor, are you aware that in the old syphilis and gonorrhea research human experiments were primarily a part of the research, and that the French Government issued an order for experiments on human beings? A.I ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 579,150 | 579,650 |
World War that the official English and American commissions investigating five day fever, worked to a large extent on human beings? A.No. Q.Are you acquainted with any reports of infection experiments in leporsy? A.Yes. Q.Are you aware that in America internees and recruits were artificially infected with measles? A.I... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 579,600 | 580,100 |
combined in a little volume, and that on the other hand we know in what organization of degradation he was connected with these deeds, which I am questioning here, and I am only speaking about the degradation and not the objective guilt which has not been proven yet. Q.And is there anything except the facts with which ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 580,050 | 580,550 |
you believe that aside from the removal of such quotations by the editors, there would have been any further consequences or had to be any further consequences for a person who cited such a Jewish author in a medical scientific writing? Can you give any examples to this? A.As far as I take it, you are only referring to... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 580,500 | 581,000 |
should like to see that young physician who at that time did not try to create such an impression in the interest of furthering his career. Q.Now, Professor, you mentioned the film "I Accuse." Have you seen it? A.I did not see the film but I know its contents. Q.What did it show, Doctor? A.The film showed, as far as I ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 580,950 | 581,450 |
the slow development of the transporting away of the insane to extermination camps and I know the suffering of the members of the families of the patients who had to fear being included in that action. The consequence was that I far years, have made the attempt to knowingly falsifying of the patients which were given t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 581,400 | 581,900 |
goes beyond the medical framework. We can only judge on the basis f reactions with reference to various degrees of animal life. We are not justified, however, to consider this comparison as the only one valid. The possibility that a change occurs is always there and therefore, there is no possibility to answer this que... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 581,850 | 582,350 |
are competent to judge this question in the field of philosophical and theological questions. That is why I asked the question. Would you please answer it? A.I believe that the concept of release has to be discussed in further detail. Release is not only release from suffering and finally I must point out that I think ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 582,300 | 582,800 |
merely temporary or whether the defendant will be absent for any period of time? THE MARSHAL:I don't nave any information as to whether it is temporary or permanent, sir. THE PRESIDENT:Is counsel for the defendant Oberheuser present? Has counsel for the defendant any information on that point? DR.SEIDL (attorney for th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 582,750 | 583,250 |
and previously held the same position in the Office of Chief of Counsel under Mr. Justice Robert H. Jackson. "2. The film which is about to be shown is a true and correct copy of extracts from the film "Nazi Concentration Camps", which was introduced in evidence before the International Military Tribunal in the case of... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 583,200 | 583,700 |
the discharges of the responsibilities conferred on me by the above mentioned orders and instructions, I have authorized and detailed members of my staff who are engaged with me in the preparation and prosecution of cases, including attorneys, interrogators and other investigators and agents of the Office of Chief of C... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 583,650 | 584,150 |
afternoon. THE PRESIDENT:The certificates appear sufficient. Statements or affidavits filed by persons authorized pursuant to this certificate may be admitted in evidence. Does Counsel for the Prosecution have a list of certificates admitted provisionally? MR. MCHANEY:Your Honor, I have a list of all the affidavits whi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 584,100 | 584,600 |
and the secret arsenals to agents of the workers. During a search of the house of one of the KPI agents, my name was found among the papers. In order to escape indictment, I deserted from the Reichswehr on the same day. On 4 December 1933 I was arrested. On 26 May 1924 I was sentenced to 14 years imprisonment by the Re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 584,550 | 585,050 |
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