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middle of this affidavit: "Our attention had been called to an alleged spy."-says Walter Kalweit, who signed the affidavit-"We tried to open the door of the neighboring house, but were unsuccessful. Thereupon we broke a window, entered the house, and searched it thoroughly, without, however, finding a Soviet spy. Since... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 18,900 | 19,400 |
Ver-fuegungstruppe right from the beginning of the Waffen-SS. HERR PELCKMANN: I am sorry, Mr. President, there are so many documents. I am just searching for a last one which I wanted to make the subject of my re-examination. Of the numerous affidavits submitted by the British Prosecut ion, one was deposed by Dr. Stani... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 19,350 | 19,850 |
the oath.] THE PRESIDENT: The witness may sit down. HERR PELCKMANN: Witness, what positions did you hold in the SS? REINECKE: I was an SS Oberfuehrer, chief of department in the Amt "SS Courts," and Chief Judge of the Supreme SS and Police Court. HERR PELCKMANN: Did you have legal training? REINECKE: I had my legal tra... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 19,800 | 20,300 |
these positions of power which Himmler held. In particular, certain powerful positions which Himmler held are emphasized in the Indictment as indicating that the SS was acting through his person. These were his positions as Reichsfuehrer SS, Chief of the German Police, Reich Commissioner for the Preservation of German ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 20,250 | 20,750 |
by the Wehrmacht in the course of the following war years, so that the General SS was practically disbanded during the war. At no time has the General SS been charged with duties of the State, and it was never active in the execution of such State duties. Its members were and remained civilians who only wore uniforms w... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 20,700 | 21,200 |
entirely separate organizations with tasks quite different from those of the General SS. HERR PELCKMANN: Were these persons to whom Himmler awarded ranks in the General SS the so-called honorary leaders? REINECKE: Yes, these were the honorary leaders of the SS to whom I referred just now. HERR PELCKMANN: Was it charact... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 21,150 | 21,650 |
citizen; in other words, he had to begin as a recruit. The difference and the proof for my assertion that the Waffen-SS was an independent organization are also evident from the fact that in the case of civil proceedings against members of the General SS, the NSDAP would appear on their behalf, whereas in civil proceed... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 21,600 | 22,100 |
into the foreground. This was the time when the members ... THE PRESIDENT: Dr. Pelckmann, is it possible that this evidence could have been given at greater length before the Commission? Did you hear what I said? HERR PELCKMANN: Yes, Mr-President. THE PRESIDENT: Don't you think you cou ld shorten it? HERR PELCKMANN: Ye... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 22,050 | 22,550 |
The document shows quite clearly that Globocznik, in this case, was acting as SS and Police Leader in Lublin and not as Higher SS and Police Leader, Adriatic Coast. This is actually con-tained in the document itself. I myself know from my own activity that at the end of 1943 or at the beginning of 1944, Globocznik was ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 22,500 | 23,000 |
shown yesterday to the Higher SS and Police Leader in the Reich, Von Eberstein, in order to prove through Globocznik's action-and Globoczniles letterhead also reads "Higher SS and Police Leader," though he was active abroad-that the Higher SS and Police Leaders committed crimes, and further to prove that the General SS... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 22,950 | 23,450 |
Party organizations, members of the Party, and people who belonged to no party, but who, due to the conditions of that time, were un-employed and looking for work and food and a new sphere of activity. From these initial stages the Totenkopfverbände developed independently, and its members were given training similar ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 23,400 | 23,900 |
No. The head office "Order Police" was the head-quarters of the German Police, and the head office "Security Police" was the headquarters of the Security Police. Both were services of domestic administration, and were organically departments of the Ministry of the Interior. At no time did they have the authority to iss... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 23,850 | 24,350 |
the whole SS only very rarely, and never in favor of unifying its command. HERR PELCKMANN: Are not your statements here in con-tradiction to the writings and speeches of Himmler himself, for instance, in contradiction to his speech at Posen, in which he empha-sized the uniformity of the organization under his command? ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 24,300 | 24,800 |
carried out and sentences could be passed, even the SS jurisdiction was denied any insight into the matters of the Reich Security Main Office and thereby any control was impossible, The members of the guard units of concentration camps came under the jurisdiction of the SS legal department, because at the beginning of ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 24,750 | 25,250 |
correct? REINECKE: That is what I was just going to explain. This specific disciplinary law consisted in the right of exclusion which every civil society has. The law provided, on the principle of selection, that people who had been previously convicted could not enter the SS at all and that people who committed punish... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 25,200 | 25,700 |
to cover up criminal acts. In fact, the exact reverse is true. HERR PELCMIANN: But the Prosecution alleges specifically that the SS was trained for terror, atrocities, and crimes. That is contradicted, is it not, by your assertion that crime was fought against in the SS at all costs? Does it not give this impression? R... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 25,650 | 26,150 |
highest legal authority, Himmler, up to, three or four times because he considered the penalty too high or to(> low. The judges always arrived at the same sentence on the basis of the law, and eventually their decision was upheld. HERR PELCKMANN: Your description of the legal procedure and the correct administration of... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 26,100 | 26,600 |
varied between 0.8 percent at the beginning and 3 percent at the end of the war. HERR PELCKMANN: But by order of Hitler dated 13 May 1941, a document which was submitted here, the prosecution of such crimes was prohibited, was it not? Is that not a contradiction of your testimony regarding the prosecution of such cases... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 26,550 | 27,050 |
President, I wanted to deal wit special questions connected with the jurisdiction in concentration camps. THE PRESIDENT: What questions are you going to deal with? HERR PELCKMANN: I would like, tomorrow, to deal with the organization of the concentration camps, with the SS and Police jurisdiction, and with the connecti... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 27,000 | 27,224 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20 One Hundred Ninty-Sixth Day Vo... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 0 | 500 |
sometimes even overstepping their own authority, to take legal measures against these atrocities. We had investigating commissions in the concentration camps which reported to me repeatedly on conditions in the camps. If the legal authorities of the SS and the Police were in a. posi-tion to take steps against such cond... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 450 | 950 |
understand that we don't wish to have-can't you hear? HERR PELCKMANN: Yes. THE PRESIDENT: The Tribunal has indicated to the Prosecution they don't want to hear these documents read which have already been put in evidence, and there you are reading every word of this document. HERR PELCKMANN: I understand, Mr. President... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 900 | 1,400 |
law in con-centration camps? REINECKE: The SS jurisdiction did not apply to the detainees in concentration camps. Only the regular German courts had responsibility for them. To a certain extent the SS legal authorities also had to administer justice to the political prisoners in the con-centration camps, but with the p... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 1,350 | 1,850 |
any suspicions, owing to the fact that these legal officers, during the years until 1943, were continuously handing in such reports of evidence to the courts. These reports of evidence were very detailed. In cases of unnatural death of detainees, they con-tained photographs of the place of the crime, medical reports, e... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 1,800 | 2,300 |
task ordinarily discharged by the public prosecutor. HERR PELCKMANN: Now, briefly summarized, what was the outcome of the fight of the SS jurisdiction against crime in con-centration camps? REINECKE: Altogether, approximately 800 cases were investi-gated; 400 of these 800 cases were brought to trial, and 200 out of tho... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 2,250 | 2,750 |
Reich. Of that we found evidence toward the end of the war through the many proceedings against organizations which he headed in private busi-ness. As head of that criminal clique, he actually tried to under-mine the system of trustees among the detainees, which he knew might endanger his own person. He had one of our ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 2,700 | 3,200 |
the strength of individual facts, in cornering the criminals Pohl and Grawitz, and also Müller from the Gestapo, who was covering up many of the crimes, it was for the first time that these men referred to orders from above. The investigations which the legal authorities then commenced along a new line collapsed togeth... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 3,150 | 3,650 |
system of murder, a system which Koch invented and applied in many cases. This version of the findings had to be chosen because there was evidence of so many crimes which Koch had committed in the distant past and of which the traces had meanwhile been eliminated, that if it had been possible at all, it would have take... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 3,600 | 4,100 |
obtain a final decision from Himmler, though Himmler tolerated the future proceedings. The head office "SS Courts" at that time intentionally delayed the completion of the case against Koch so as to have an opportunity of extending the investigating activities to other camps, and that was actually achieved. The investi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 4,050 | 4,550 |
the investigations, had no clear judicial evidence that mass extermina-tions; on a large scale-not to mention the biological extermination of Jewry-had been carried out, and we continued, as before, to investigate the crimes from the point of view that they were indi-vidual crimes, although they had been carried out to... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 4,500 | 5,000 |
extermination of the Jews is not to be found in the SS but in the Chancellery of the Führer. THE PRESIDENT: Dr. Pelckmann, I understood from you that you put-that you were putting in two affidavits from Dr. Morgen, is that right? HERR PELCKMANN: Three, Mr. President. THE PRESIDENT: Well, three-five, if you like; but th... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 4,950 | 5,450 |
did not exist at all. Service in the Waffen-SS was military service, legally established and legally recognized. Even members of the Waffen-SS who had joined as volunteers were later subject to general conscription and bound by compulsory military service. It was therefore possible to leave the Waffen-SS only by means ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 5,400 | 5,900 |
Pelckmann, what I understood the wit-ness to say was that there were 170,000 statements utilized, and somehow, from these 170,000 statements, 136,000 affidavits were obtained. Well, how were they obtained? The Tribunal would like to know. Before whom were they sworn? HERR ~ PELCKMANN: The witness will be able to explai... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 5,850 | 6,350 |
the opposite to be true? REINECKE: No, that is just what it does not mean. It does mean that the members of the SS who were questioned could not make a statement on that point at all, because they did not know anything about it; they could give an answer neither in a negative nor in a positive sense, and for that reaso... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 6,300 | 6,800 |
I did not understand the question. MAJOR JONES: I will repeat it. Would a serious view have been taken in the Waffen-SS or the German Army about the murder of Jews by SS men? REINECKE: If the extermination of the Jews on Hitler's orders had been known in the SS, or as you say, in the Wehrmacht, I am certain that there ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 6,750 | 7,250 |
so far as has been ascertained the Chief of the Army High Conunand will not confirm either sentence." Then added, in lead pencil- "The sentences have been dropped under the amnesty. Punishment was announced before the amnesty. Nine years penal servitude for the police sergeant major changed to 3 years' imprisonment. Th... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 7,200 | 7,700 |
murder is an action carried out after previous deliberation with the aim of killing a person, while manslaughter is an act of impulse, resulting in the death of a person. The judge, after con-sidering the circumstances described here, based his verdict on this latter legal qualification. MAJOR JONES: Witness, I am obli... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 7,650 | 8,150 |
of Justice again. It is 11 August 1933. So you see, Witness, no action had apparently been taken from 2 June until 11 August. And then the provincial court public prosecutor, in the last sentence of that letter, after referring to the dossiers relating to Schloss, Hausmann, Strauss, and Netzger, says: "Should the dossi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 8,100 | 8,600 |
Dr. Frank, the representative Nazi jurist. The letter, which has been in Court, is dated 29 November 1933. THE PRESIDENT: What Dr. Frank do you refer to? MAJOR JONES: That is the Defendant Frank, My Lord. THE PRESIDENT: Yes, go ahead. MAJOR JONES: "The Commander of the Political Police in the Ministry of the Interior p... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 8,550 | 9,050 |
file. That is a memo from Dr. H. Frank, the defendant, dated 2 December 1933, to the Prime Minister, and the subject is "Quashing of criminal proceedings": "A merchant's wife, Sophie Handschuch, of Munich, in a writ- ten accusation received by the public prosecution at the Provincial Court Munich II, on 18 September 19... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 9,000 | 9,500 |
custody born on 3 August 1887, hanged themselves in their solitary confinement cells in Dachau Con-centration Camp. The public prosecution on the same morning ordered a legal examination to be held in the camp, followed by a post mortem. The corpses had already been removed from the cells and were lying on stretchers i... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 9,450 | 9,950 |
National Socialist State, would be immediately affected." And then Frank goes on to give an opinion in law that the Reichs-statthalter in fact has the right of pardoning. He states that in the last part of the last paragraph but one: "The Constitutional Deed of the Free State of Bavaria of 14 August 1919 forbade the qu... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 9,900 | 10,400 |
The incidents concerned are of a political nature and must be decided under all circumstances first of all by the political authorities. To my mind they are not suited to be dealt with by the legal authorities. This is my opinion as Chief of Staff and also as a Reich Minister who is interested in the Reich not sufferin... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 10,350 | 10,850 |
and then the file closes with this entry: "Munich, 27 Septem-ber 1934, Public Prosecution" It is a letter from -the Oberstaats-anwalt to the Generalstaatsanwalt at the Court of Appeals Munich: "Subject: Death of the prisoners in protective custody, Wil-helm Franz and Dr. Katz, in the Concentration Camp Dachau. "I have ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 10,800 | 11,300 |
an executive organ. The Waffen-SS ... MAJOR JONES: Just a moment. Assuming that the Security Police paid this bill, where would the money have gone to? It would have gone back to Natzweiler. What would have happened to it? Would it have been credited to the funds of the Waffen-SS or not? REINECKE: The commands of the c... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 11,250 | 11,750 |
armies this camp was evac-uated and the prisoners, about 2,900 men, were put on transport from Rehmsdorff to Theresienstadt. "Mostly these prisoners were Czechs, Poles, Russians, and Hungarian Jews, while there were only a few Dutchmen among them. "Of these prisoners only some 500 men actually reached Theresienstadt; t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 11,700 | 12,200 |
was SS Ober-scharführer Schmidt, one of the hangmen of Buchenwald, who also there behaved in a most scandalous way toward the prisoners, and who was known to be a sadist." Do you still, say that the SS guards betrayed the characteristics of decency? REINECKE: I should like to emphasize that I did not say that the SS gu... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 12,150 | 12,650 |
is your submission, with reference to the construction of Article 21, with reference to this document? MAJOR JONES: If Your Lordship pleases, I submit that the terms of Article 21 make it mandatory upon the Tribunal to accept reports of this kind by governments which are submitted by the Prosecution. THE PRESIDENT: Whi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 12,600 | 13,100 |
since there may be hundreds, perhaps thousands of these cases, the Defense must be given an opportunity to com-ment on them. It is not a question of testing the credibility of the witness, but it is actually a question of new evidence being presented by the Prosecution, and the Defense must have an opportunity of answe... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 13,050 | 13,550 |
38 men lost their lives, took place because the inhabitants of the village were suspected of hiding partisans." Have you any knowledge of that action or of actions of that kind that the SS took part in? REINECKE: No. Such actions never became known to me. Obviously, we are here concerned with the last fight for Prague.... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 13,500 | 14,000 |
(on miscellaneous duties) must refer to some other function which I cannot define at the moment. MAJOR JONES: Well, now, you see that that page shows the total in the Waffen-SS of 594,443. Now I want you to turn to Page 24 of this report. THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Elwyn Jones, what is the final total described as? MAJOR JONES... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 13,950 | 14,450 |
Office, 987. Making a total of 39,415. 4 That makes it clear, does it not, that Waffen-SS, men were engaged in all this hideous network of Himmler's machinery of terror, was it not? REINECKE: I do not believe that that is shown by this docu-ment. Yesterday I described in detail that the various head offices did not hav... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 14,400 | 14,900 |
as honorary members of the SS. I would like to read this very short document into the record. I quote: "22 July 1940. Berlin W-8, Wilhelmstrasse 73." THE PRESIDENT: Is it 1944 or 1940? MR. COUNSELLOR SMIRNOV: 1940, My Lord. It is a new docu-ment which bears the Number USSR-512. It was found by the Red Army in the Berli... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 14,850 | 15,350 |
to explain that this is the same document which I applied for 6 months ago and which could not be found. The portions of this document read by the Prosecution may create the impression that the statement by the Defendant Frank in the witness box with reference to this question may not be correct. Figure 12, however sho... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 15,300 | 15,800 |
The preliminary in-vestigations will probably be conducted by Landgerichtsrat (Provincial Court Counsellor) Kissner, competent for the district of Dachau. "The liaison officer with the Political Police, I. Staatsanwalt (first public prosecutor) Dr. Stepp, was instructed, according to orders, to communicate the decision... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 15,750 | 16,250 |
were carried out by members of the commanders' staffs. HERR PELCKMANN: From the document containing the statis-tics regarding the strength of the SS on 30 June 1934-and I regret that the document number is not visible on my copy -- I should like to put to you the figure of 794,000 members of the SS in 1944. Wit-ness Br... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 16,200 | 16,700 |
the entire personnel in con-centration camps were also counted in the Economic and Administrative Main Office Department "Dora" as concerns personnel and organization, and thus they were exclusively under the jurisdiction of Pohl as the Chief of the Economic and Administrative Main Office. I assume that the number of t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 16,650 | 17,150 |
submitted it to the Tribunal. THE PRESIDENT: Yes, but ... Well, what is the book? I do not know what it is. What is it? Where does it come from? HERR PELCKMANN: I beg to be permitted to ask the witness just one question with reference to this. THE PRESIDENT: No, no, you may not do that until you have told me where the ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 17,100 | 17,600 |
case, considerable difficulties were met with in the attempt to clear up the facts. The female detainee, Eleanora 475 7 Aug. 46 Hodis, declared herself willing to assist the investigating commission of the SS court by giving evidence, provided the judges would guarantee her life. That guarantee was given, and it was po... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 17,550 | 18,050 |
they are bound to take judicial notice of the document under Article. 21 and this witness has told us he had never heard of the incidents-two incidents I think-to which counsel drew his attention. HERR PELCKMANN: I am afraid I did not understand the translation of the last part of what you said, Mr. President. THE PRES... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 18,000 | 18,500 |
meant. THE TRIBUNAL (Mr. Biddle): Did that include labor training camps also? REINECKE: By the 7 to 10 camps I mean the "Stammlager" (parent camps), that is the concentration camps themselves, and from there the investigation spread from the parent camp where the commission was stationed to the labor camps. THE TRIBUNA... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 18,450 | 18,950 |
and also to Police members, that is to say, members of the Security Police who were brought to trial before the courts. THE TRIBUNAL (Mr. Biddle): Well now, you have not told us what conditions you found in the camps. You said they were very bad. What were they; what was going on in the camps? REINECKE: We discovered t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 18,900 | 19,400 |
camps? Did you get statistics? REINECKE: No, Your Lordship, about that we received no information. We had to collect and look for all the material ourselves, but we had no survey. TBE PRESIDENT: Can you remember the names of the five whom you prosecuted, the five commandants? 480 7 Aug. 46 REINECKE: They were the Comma... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 19,350 | 19,850 |
war was only the deputy chief of the Main Office SS Courts. The chief was a certain Herr Breithaupt, who has since died. In the first place the heads of the commissions reported to this departmental chief, and the SS judges who carried out the investigations in the camps are still alive, and the answer to all these que... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 19,800 | 20,300 |
explain briefly why I could not examine him before the Commission? On 1 July the witness arrived here in Nuremberg after I had searched for him for a long time. Up to that time the witness was in Dachau without my being able to find out about it. On I July I was very busy with the last examinations before the Commissio... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 20,250 | 20,750 |
HERR PELCKMANN: I could do so. If the Prosecution wish to call their two witnesses first, I could interrupt, Your Lordship. THE PRESIDENT: Dr. Pelckmann, have you any idea as to how long you will be with this witness if you do' call him? HERR PELCKMANN: Forty-five minutes to an hour. THE PRESIDENT: Well, then, if you w... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 20,700 | 21,200 |
4:30 in the morning. MAJOR JONES: Now, just answer this last question, who were the killers? EIZENBERG: They were SS men in SS uniforms. MAJOR JONES: I have no further questions, My Lord. HERR PELCKMANN: Witness, I know your affidavit. As far as I can see from it, you were in Lublin, at first in Lublin. Were there SS m... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 21,150 | 21,650 |
before. We do not need to argue about it. Now, who is your next witness? HERR PELCKMANN: May I submit these pictures to the Tribunal or are they known? They are in the Polish book, in Polish, on Pages VIII, no, IX and XI. It is merely a question of uniform, Mr. President. THE PRESIDENT: You can certainly put them in if... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 21,600 | 22,100 |
MORGEN: In the General SS I was Staffelanwarter and SS Rottenfuehrer. In the Waffen-SS I was in the end Sturmbannfuehrer of the Reserve. HERR PELCKMANN: What example can you give that you did not believe you were joining a conspiracy when you entered the SS-very briefly; please. MORGEN: In 1936 I published a book on Wa... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 22,050 | 22,550 |
investigate? How many sentences were passed? How many death sentences? MORGEN: I investigated about 800 cases, that is, about 800 documents, and one document would affect several cases. About 200 were tried during my activity. Five concentration camp commanders were arrested by me personally. Two were shot after being ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 22,500 | 23,000 |
of the camp were in good order, especially the hospital. The camp authorities, under the Commander Diester, aimed at providing the prisoners with an existence worthy of human beings. They had regular mail service. They had a large camp library, even books in foreign languages. They had variety shows, motion pictures, s... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 22,950 | 23,450 |
same time in the rolls of the camp prison as well as in those of the hospital. In the prison rolls, for example, it said, "Date of release 9 May, 12 o'clock." In the hospital register, "Patient died 9 May, 9:15 a.m." I said to myself, this prisoner cannot be in the camp prison and at the same time a patient in the hosp... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 23,400 | 23,900 |
Police court; but as I have already said, these reports were so cunningly contrived and the files were in such good order, that even an expert could not have suspected an illegal killing. Of course, proceedings against members of the concentration camp personnel were frequently instituted, some followed by sentences, e... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 23,850 | 24,350 |
whether this report was true or what it meant. To my great astonishment, Wirth admitted it. I asked him why he permitted members of his command to do such things and Wirth then revealed to me that on the Fuehrer's orders he had to carry out the destruction of Jews. HEIRR PELCKMANN: Please go on, Witness, to describe yo... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 24,300 | 24,800 |
After he had found such calming words for his victims, they started on the road to death. Men and women were separated. At the first place, one had to deliver the hat; at the next one, the coat, collar, shirt, down to the shoes and socks. These places were faked cloakrooms, and the person was given a check at each one ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 24,750 | 25,250 |
and made them unknowing accomplices, enabled him with very few assistants to exterminate large numbers of people, and this system Wirth now employed with a few alterations and improvements for the extermination of Jews. He was also given the assignment by the Fi1hrer's Chancellery to exterminate the Jews. HERR PELCKMAN... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Seventh Day | 25,200 | 25,645 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20 One Hundred Ninty-Seventh Day ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 0 | 500 |
I say the principle was at fault, I mean the following: The prisoner was sent to the concentration camp through the Reich Security Main Office. A political agency decided about his freedom, and its decision was final. Thereby the prisoner was deprived of all legal rights. Once in the concentration camp, it was almost i... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 450 | 950 |
go on and make it as short as you can upon these matters which seem to be rather remote. HERR PELCKMANN: From all the testimony of witnesses which I submit here on this point, it will be shown that the concentration camp organization was an entity. THE PRESIDENT: Go on with your case. You are to go on with your case, a... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 900 | 1,400 |
from the East further burdened the camps and crowded them in an unbearable manner. HERR PELCKMA.NN: That is enough on this point. Will you go on to the second point, the supreme orders? MORGEN: As supreme orders I consider the mass extermination of human beings which has already been described, not in the concentration... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 1,350 | 1,850 |
fellow prisoners. This was done in many ways. HERR PELCKMANN: You need not explain that at the moment, we will come back to it later. But will you describe another type of perpetrator? MORGEN: Now I come to killings committed by members of the camp against prisoners and by prisoners against fellow prisoners. To give a ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 1,800 | 2,300 |
such and such a normal illness. Another case: The prisoner was assigned to a detail of hard work, generally the so-called "quarry detail." The Kapo. of this detail is given a hint and makes the life of the prisoner more and more unbearable by making him work incessantly and vexing him in every respect. Then the day arr... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 2,250 | 2,750 |
killings. It was thought that on the basis of his previous professional experience this man was unscrupulous enough to do this job, and that was true. HERR PELCKMANN: You mentioned the Jewish prisoners who aided in the killings. What became of these people? MORGEN: Wirth told me that at the end of the actions he would ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 2,700 | 3,200 |
investigated the entire stretch of territory and studied the layout and installations. The prisoners arrived on a side track in closed transport cars and were unloaded there by Jewish prisoners. Then they were segregated into* able-bodied and disabled, and here already the methods of Hoess and Wirth differ. The separat... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 3,150 | 3,650 |
THE PRESIDENT: I do not care what you have already said. What I asked you was, didn't you take the trouble to ascertain whether they were members of the SS? MORGEN: I beg your pardon, Your Lordship. I do not understand your question. They could not be members of the General SS. As far as I could learn, they were volunt... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 3,600 | 4,100 |
ask you the question myself. Why did you not ask the higher SS leaders whom you met there why these people were working in SS uniforms? MORGEN: I said ' that I had the impression that this was clone for reasons of camouflage so that the camp would not be distinguished from the other camps through the use of different u... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 4,050 | 4,550 |
Himmler through the heads of the departments and make it clear to him, by explaining the effects of this system, that through these methods the State was being led straight into an abyss. Therefore I approached my immediate superior, the chief of the Criminal Police, SS Obergruppenfuehrer Nebe; then I turned to 506 8 A... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 4,500 | 5,000 |
I heard, the result was negative. Thereupon an attempt was made to take direct steps against Hoess, but in the meantime the front had advanced, Auschwitz was occupied and the judge who had, been sent there had to stop at the beginning of his fruitless investigations, and in January 1945 complete disorganization set in ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 4,950 | 5,450 |
compulsion and orders are of decisive importance. THE PRESIDENT: Go on, Herr Pelckmann. The Tribunal does not think it is important. MORGEN: May I say one more sentence on that subject: the investigating commission of the Reich Criminal Police Department at Auschwitz was quartered in wooden hutments, and after it had w... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 5,400 | 5,900 |
PRESIDENT: Herr Pelckmann, the Tribunal thinks you have been quite long enough over this witness. You are going into matters too much in detail. HERR PELCKMANN: You said previously that you had reported to the various agencies and named three of them, I believe. Please describe how Nebe reacted. What was Breithaupt's a... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 5,850 | 6,350 |
of view. Nothing else counted. Besides that, I was bound by Basic Order Number 1, concerning secrecy on State affairs, and could only approach the chiefs of the main offices personally. Any mistake I would have made in contacting other offices would have had serious results for we and would have given my enemies a pret... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 6,300 | 6,800 |
record of the Trial. I must say I am amazed at this testimony. I am of the opinion that Blaha, from his own knowledge, cannot make such 511 8 AU9. 46 statements. It is not true that a prisoner in a concentration camp can move about freely and have access to the different sections and installations. THE PRESIDENT: The T... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 6,750 | 7,250 |
, I should like to designate as Exhibit SS-4? Do you know this document? Answer "yes" or "no." MORGEN: Yes. HERR PELCKMANN: On Page 46, there is the testimony of a Mrs. E. H. Was this testimony made before you as the investigating judge? MORGEN: Yes, this was a Mrs. Eleanora Hodis, a prisoner in Auschwitz; I questioned... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 7,200 | 7,700 |
by the Fuehrer. DR. MERKEL: When was that? MORGEN: That was in the middle of 1944. DR. MERKEL: Thank you, I have no further questions to put to this witness. DR. GAWLIK: Your Lordship, may I be permitted to put a few questions, please? THE PRESIDENT: Yes. DR. GAWLIK: Witness, you spoke about orders of the Reich Securit... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 7,650 | 8,150 |
Aug. 46 I swear by God-the Almighty and Omniscient-that I will speak the pure truth-and will withhold and add nothing. [The witness repeated the oath.] THE PRESIDENT: You may sit down. MAJOR JONES: You are Wolfram Sievers, and from 1935 on you were Reich manager of the Ahnenerbe (Ancestral Heritage Society), were you n... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 8,100 | 8,600 |
be Exhibit GB-573. [Turning to the witness.] Now we shall be able to test your ignorance of this collection. This is a letter from Brandt to the Reich Security Main Office, dated 6 November 1942. Brandt was Himmler's adjutant, was he not? SIEVERS: He was his personal secretary. MAJOR JONES: Now, this letter: "Subject: ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 8,550 | 9,050 |
like to submit to you. The report concerns: "L His research in the field of microscopic living organs; the discovery of a new method of examination and the construction of a new research microscope. 'T. His proposal for securing skulls of Jewish-Bolshevik commissars." Then there is your signature and you forwarded that... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 9,000 | 9,500 |
earlier interrogations I pointed out that Professor Hirt would have to be asked himself about this matter. MAJOR JONES: Now, Witness, I want to give you another opportunity of telling the truth. Are you saying to this Tribunal 519 8 Aug. 46 that you do not know what happened with regard to the progress of that collecti... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 9,450 | 9,950 |
as to how distant you were from this matter. It becomes GB-576. THE PRESIDENT: It came through as 089. Do you mean 089? 520 8 Aug. 46 MAJOR JONES: 089, Page 16 of Your Lordship's document book. [Turning to the witness.] That is a letter from Brandt to the RSHA, dated 6 November 1942, marked "Secret." It is for the atte... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 9,900 | 10,400 |
do you estimate were murdered in connection with the Rascher and other experiments carried out under the guise of Nazi science?" and you told me, "I cannot say, because I had no insight into these matters at all." Fortunately there are records of what you witnesses say available. Now, just turn to the next document, Nu... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Eighth Day | 10,350 | 10,850 |
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