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to issue orders to the, Security Police and the SD? VON EBERSTEIN: No. HERR PELCKMANN: What did you, as leader of the Oberab-schnitt of the General SS, have to do with the Gestapo or the SD? VON EBERSTEIN: As Oberabschnitt leader I did not have anything to do with them. HERR PELCKMANN: Was it so throughout the Reich th... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fourth Day | 9,900 | 10,400 |
from Italy, and so forth. HERR PELCKMANN: Then since you say you had nothing else to do with the concentration camps, that was your only oppor-tunity to obtain permission to enter them? And if I have under-stood you correctly, you received permission through the Reich Security Main Office just like the guests who were ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fourth Day | 10,350 | 10,850 |
SS Hauptsturmfuehrer, Dr. Rascher, a physician, and his wife. The Raschers were accused of Kindesunterschiebung. That is a word which is very difficult to translate. In our law it means the illegal appropriation of other people's children. Secondly, Rascher was accused of financial irregularities in con-nection with th... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fourth Day | 10,800 | 11,300 |
Supreme SS and Police Court for punishment. The Supreme SS and Police Court was competent because Himmler was Rascher's superior in this research office and Rascher was imme-diately subordinate to him. Unfortunately, he was not subject to the jurisdiction of my court. HERR PELCKMANN: Were any proceedings brought agains... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fourth Day | 11,250 | 11,592 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20 One Hundred Ninty-Fourth Day V... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 0 | 500 |
com-mander-in-chief of the reserve army. When he took over this office, the Prisoners of War Organization also came under his jurisdiction. In the fall of 1944 Himmler transferred to the Higher SS and Police Leaders the responsibility for safeguarding prisoner-of-war camps against mass escapes and against attempts from... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 450 | 950 |
In the fall of 1944, as in the case of prisoner--of-war camps, the Higher SS and Police Leader was made respon-sible for safeguarding concentration camps from the outside, for the reasons just mentioned, with a view to maintaining the security of the State. HERR PELCKMANN: Did the RSHA remain responsible for the delive... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 900 | 1,400 |
Munich and Upper Bavaria. He was also Bavarian Minister President and Bavarian Minister of the Interior and Reich Defense Commissioner. HERR PELCKAL4-NN: Witness, you have just described the various characteristics of Gauleiter Giesler. According to the struc-ture of the internal administration at the time, did he form... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 1,350 | 1,850 |
all from Munich-had been ordered for that day. In answer to my question as to where they were to be sent, I was told that it was a resettlement and they would be put to work in the East, and I was informed that the trains had already been arranged for with the Reichsbahn head-quarters and that on instructions from the ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 1,800 | 2,300 |
-listen to enemy radio broadcasts. As the Tribunal knows, this was forbidden to every German and since it was our job to punish people who broke this law, I did not think that I should be allowed to do it myself. As for the mass of the men of the General SS, I am firmly convinced that they neither had a part in these a... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 2,250 | 2,750 |
be supplied due to a typhus epidemic. Later, I heard at a conference that this epidemic had claimed many victims. Moreover, in the last few weeks, railroad traffic was disconnected. The supply line was completely blocked, and there was already a good deal of hunger. Upon my remark that it should be possible to stop thi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 2,700 | 3,200 |
are wandering off into details that have no relevance to my question at all. I suggest to you that the killings by the SS on the 30th of June 1934 were a characteristic use of the SS as the fist of Nazism. VON EBERSTEIN: The events of the 30th of June 1934 were, according to my firm conviction and to that of my comrade... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 3,150 | 3,650 |
were kept for 3 months on bread and water? VON EBERSTEIN: I can recall that such a tour through the camp was extended to the prison too. Unlike the huts, that was a stone building ... MAJOR JONES: If you answer my questions, we shall get on faster. VON EBERSTEIN: Yes. MAJOR JONES: Did you ever see the completely dark c... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 3,600 | 4,100 |
president is the camp commandant at the time." Did you know that the power of life and death had been given in that way to these SS men who were running the concentration camps, Witness? VON EBERSTEIN: This document has no heading and no signature-may I point that out? I have not seen these regulations. MAJOR JONES: I ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 4,050 | 4,550 |
The affidavit reads: "1. My name is Oswald Pohl. I was born in Duisburg, Ger-many, on 30 June 1892. Since 1 February 1934 1 was Chief of the Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS (WVHA), I occupied this position permanently until Ger-many's capitulation. 'T. Through my activity as Chief of the WVHA I rememb... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 4,500 | 5,000 |
of value of dead Jews to the Reichsbank. It was in the year 1941 or 1942, when large quantities -of articles of value, such as jewelry, gold rings, gold fillings, spectacles, gold watches, and such had been collected in the extermination camps. These valuables came packed in cases to the WVHA in Berlin. Himmler had ord... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 4,950 | 5,450 |
came from concentration camps." Now, is the material contained in that affidavit news to you, Witness? VON EBERSTEIN: Yes, absolutely. MAJOR JONES: You had no knowledge of it at all? VON EBERSTEIN: No. MAJOR JONES: Did you know that SS personnel were used for the great manhunt of Jewish people all over Europe? VON EBER... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 5,400 | 5,900 |
to Himmler, dated 5 January 1943. The letter starts: "Reichsfuehrer, I am taking the liberty of submitting to you the enclosed report on the economic winding-up of the Action Reinhard." In the next paragraph: "A proper winding-up and my release are necessary because I carried out this activity within the framework of t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 5,850 | 6,350 |
the purchase of machinery, the power supply, et cetera; 3) the organization of the supply ... ; 4) sanitation and hygiene..." Then I want you particularly to notice: "5) Security measures: a) Achieved by adequate security pre-cautions; b) by a protective organization within the camp; c) by adequate guarding. For this p... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 6,300 | 6,800 |
a conference with SS Ober-gruppenfuehrer Pohl, the taking over of 10 SS work camps in the Lublin District as subsidiaries of Lublin Concentration Camp was decided on and, in addition, the handing over of further work camps in the Government General. The head of the Lublin Concentration Camp was provided with adequate c... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 6,750 | 7,250 |
to the Reichsbank via the SS Economic and Administrative Main Office." Then Page 10 of your German text: "Jewels, gems, watches, and such like were sorted according to their value and delivered to the SS Economic and Admin-istrative Main Office. On orders from this office, watches of nonprecious metals were handed over... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 7,200 | 7,700 |
the world (half a million dollars being particularly worthy of note) to a total value of 1,452,904.65 Reichsmark; c) foreign currency in gold coins to a total value of 843,802.75 Reichsmark; d) pre-cious metals ... to a total value of 5,353,943 Reichsmark; e) other valuables such as jewelry, watches, spectacles, et cet... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 7,650 | 8,150 |
of these documents in the examination of this witness. The witness is to be examined as to his credibility by the Prosecution. The submission of these documents does not serve this purpose. In his testimony the witness has said that he had no authority over concentration camp administration. Nevertheless, a document is... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 8,100 | 8,600 |
Reichsmark to the Reichsbank Berlin, zloty notes and coins, 5,000,461 Reichs-mark; to the SS economist, Krak6w, 50,416,181.37 Reichsmark; loans for SS industrial concerns, 8,218,878.35 Reichsmark. Then on the next page there is a table of the foreign currency that was looted currency, and then notes, and then there com... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 8,550 | 9,050 |
will be able to profit by the harvest. This has the advantage that, due to the aforesaid circumstances, the foreigners will till their fields everywhere, while the German settlers will not run the danger of being possibly hindered in their spring work, in view of the short time available. "4. The transfer of Poles shou... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 9,000 | 9,500 |
Jews? VON EBERSTEIN: No, I had no knowledge of these things. MAJOR JONES: When did you first discover that Jewish and other people were being exterminated in concentration camps? VON EBERSTEIN: I already testified to that a little while ago, that I learned of this extermination only after I was arrested. MAJOR JONES: Y... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 9,450 | 9,950 |
on living human beings, you saw to it that this crime was not carried out any more? Did you say that? VON EBERSTBIN: Yes, indeed. Inasmuch as this man was not released from arrest as he otherwise probably would have been the other case had been cleared in the meantime-there was no longer any danger of his evading justi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 9,900 | 10,400 |
must have ceased as Rascher was under arrest. MAJOR JONES: In looking at the extract for May, you will see the conferences of the Reichsarzt SS, in which Hauptsturmfuehrer Dr. Pluener took part. Did you not know that, Dr. P16tner took over from Rascher in. Dachau? VON EBERSTEIN: I do not know the names of the various p... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 10,350 | 10,850 |
with in the cross-examination. THE PRESIDENT: Doctor Pelckmann, do you want to re-examine? HERR PELCKMANN: Witness, the Prosecution have submitted to you the regulations for punishment that applied to Dachau Con-centration Camp. I should like to ask you once more as a matter of principle, did you have anything to do wi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 10,800 | 11,300 |
that office. HERR PELCKMANN: Regarding Document 4045-PS, the affi-davit of Pohl, did you ever discuss with Pohl problems concerning the concentration camps? VON EBERSTEIN: No, never. Only once did I go to see Pohl in his office at Berlin-Lichterfelde. The conversation dealt purely with the acquisition of a site in Muni... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 11,250 | 11,750 |
as it is shown in this document, is misleading and not in line with the tasks which were set us. All these things had to do with economic measures with which we in Germany had nothing whatever to do. HERR PELCKMANN: Did you, as Higher SS and Police Leader, have anything at all to do in Germany with economic measures? V... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 11,700 | 12,200 |
great services to research of which I did not understand anything. I contradicted him and said it was quite impossible, whereupon Himmler said he would submit the documents and turn the case over to the Highest SS and Police Court. Of course, at that time I could not assume that Himmler knew about the details. HERR PEL... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 12,150 | 12,650 |
Germany? VON EBERSTEIN: No, I do not assert that. There had been members of the SS with the command staffs from the beginning, but they no longer received orders from the General SS. Their names had been struck off our lists, because they were no longer on our rolls. They had worked in the concentration camps, I should... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 12,600 | 13,100 |
so to speak, another troop unit, and since they were made up of young people they were replaced during the war by older men ... THE PRESIDENT: Are you answering my question which was: Were any members of the Waffen-SS used in concentration camps? You are telling me about the Totenkopf. VON EBERSTEIN: It may have been t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 13,050 | 13,550 |
police were subordinate to me? I have already stated as Chief of Police I had command of the Pro-tection Police and the Order Police, with about 1,700 officials, and I could use them just as they were needed in the city. In addition, I had the supervision of the Criminal Police-I could, give directions to them in my ca... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 13,500 | 14,000 |
(emergency troops). The skeleton of the SS Verfuegungs-truppe was formed by several hundred men of the Leibstandarte. This had been set up in 1933 as a guard and representative body for the Reich Chancellery. Owing to the expansion of these repre-sentative tasks and guard duties, the Verfuegungstruppe in the years 1934... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 13,950 | 14,450 |
were 320,000 known casualties including dead, missing, and seriously wounded. Considering that the majority of the dead were our volunteers-I know this from carefully compiled reports on casualties-it results from this that at the end of the war there were more draftees than volunteers in the Waffen-SS. HERR PELCKMANN:... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 14,400 | 14,900 |
applications for admission. I can say that up to 1939 the enthusiasm for the SS, for its decent and proper conduct, was the main reason for volunteering. Besides these, many volunteered for professional reasons. HERR PELCKMANN: Did that change after the beginning of the war? BRILL: After the beginning of the war, the m... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 14,850 | 15,350 |
character. We accepted a young man who had not been in the SA or the General SS much more readily into the Waffen-SS than an older Party member who had a physical disability. We wanted young, upright, clean soldiers. Of course, later, in the case of those who were drafted and transferred, the selection was less rigid. ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 15,300 | 15,800 |
join the Waffen-SS, first of all had to volunteer. Only after 1942 could we take the men without their volunteering; that is to say, the difficulty of getting replace-ments led us to do so. I would emphasize that it was quite possible for a man of the General SS to have volunteered prior to 1942 and to have been reject... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 15,750 | 16,250 |
the Army recruiting offices. HERR PELCKMANN: Touching upon the question of the Pres-ident to the witness Von Eberstein, I should like to ask you something about the composition of the guard personnel of the concentration camps. Is it true, as the Prosecution asserts, that the General SS during the war took over the gua... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 16,200 | 16,700 |
however, volunteer as guards for concentration camps, but for the Waffen-SS, and who, because of unsuitability for service at the front, could not be put in the Waffen-SS, were made guards. In 1943 the replacements were done similarly. That year, too, another con-tingent of veterans was drawn in, and in 1944 the last y... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 16,650 | 17,150 |
concentration camps was the Inspectorate KL. This Inspectorate KL was in 1939 or at the beginning of 1940 in the hands of the Inspector General of the Death's-Head units. In 1942 the Inspectorate KL was transferred as Amtsgruppe D in the Economics and Administrative Main Office. I had no insight into the internal affai... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 17,100 | 17,600 |
still with the staff of the Leibstandarte, did you learn anything, for example, about the proposed invasion of Austria? BRILL: It was always the case with the Army that the ordinary soldier was the least informed. The Leibstandarte was no exception. I recall the entry into Austria very well. Although the Leibstandarte,... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 17,550 | 18,050 |
Erguenzungsamt. My comrades told me about it. MAJOR JONES: Do you know what Himmler said? BRILL: No. MAJOR JONES: Did you not think it was right to ask them? BRILL: Of course. I always asked, because as a former member of the Leibstandarte I was still interested in what was going on. But I did not discuss individual it... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 18,000 | 18,500 |
your regiment of the SS that out of the slave labor of the victims of his organization, money was to be raised for the benefit of the SS men. I will read to you what he said. THE PRESIDENT: We have had this document read before, I think. MAJOR JONES: Yes, My Lord, I am only going to refer to two sentences of it. THE PR... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 18,450 | 18,950 |
and efficiently." If you'll be good enough to listen to me reading it, Witness, it will come over the earphones. "Members of the Party discharged this task much more harshly and efficiently. For the same reason armies that were strengthened by a political creed such as the German (or the Russian) fought harder than oth... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 18,900 | 19,400 |
in concentration camps were not Waffen-SS commands? BRILL: The commands were not under the High Command of the Waffen-SS; but I wish to point out that members of the Waffen-SS were with the commands. This is the difference. MR. COUNSELLOR SMIRNOV: Now, were these commands not commands of the Waffen-SS? BRILL: No, they ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 19,350 | 19,850 |
railways. "Therefore, I order that the hair of women prisoners after due disinfection be collected. Cut hair of male prisoners can only be utilized beginning with a length of at least 20 milli-meters. "SS Obergruppenfuehrer Pohl, therefore, gave his consent that by way of experiment the hair of male prisoners should be... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 19,800 | 20,300 |
and then on the economic budget of the Waffen-SS, we had various formations which, at the order of Himmler, were put there so that they could enjoy the advantages of the Waffen-SS with regard to dealings of an economic nature, et cetera, with the authorities. BERR PELCKMANN: Then the term "nominal Waffen-SS" was a tech... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 20,250 | 20,750 |
not have. THE PRESIDENT: To what extent after you joined the Army, were you still subject to Himmler's command? BRILL: We were not under Himmler's orders at all. Up to 1939 we were as SS Verfuegungstruppe under Hitler's orders; and then the Waffen-SS was also under the orders of Hitler in his capacity as Supreme Comman... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 20,700 | 21,200 |
appear here and testify as a witness for the SS? HAUSER: From Easter 1935 to the summer of 1936 I directed the school. Then I was inspector of the Verfuegungstruppe from 1936 to 1939. During the war, for 2 years in each capacity, I led an SS division and an SS Panzer corps, and then from 1944 on I was again in the Army... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 21,150 | 21,650 |
down in the basic decree of Adolf Hitler of August 1938. According to that decree the Verfuegungstruppe was to belong neither to the Armed Forces nor to the Police. It was a permanent troop at the disposition of Adolf Hitler, and it was paid from State funds. The training was supervised by the High Command of the Army ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 21,600 | 22,100 |
and could not be used -for either a defensive or an offensive war. And later, too, it was not prepared for war, as it had no divisional staff, no general staff, no replacement of men or officers. It was far from being ready for a war of aggression. HERR PELCKMANN: What tasks did you personally have as inspector of the ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 22,050 | 22,550 |
unit equal to service in the Armed Forces? HAUSER: No, it did not count as service in the Armed Forces. HERR PELCKMANN: And these young volunteers who were recruited, did they know that they were to be used to guard con-centration camps? ' HAUSER: I did not have an insight into the recruiting of the Death's-Head units,... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 22,500 | 23,000 |
the war? HAUSER: A unified SS High Command did not exist during the war. The main office in Berlin was the leading administrative agency. All divisions of the Waffen-SS were incorporated into the Army and fought under the command and, in the final analysis, under the responsibility of the Army. I personally, in the 5 y... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 22,950 | 23,450 |
applied in the Army, that is to say, that the billeting, the food, and the medical attention were just like in the Army. I myself, while lying wounded in different field hospitals, noticed that friend and foe were treated alike, and the old manner of dealing with prisoners was applied. HERR PELCKMANN: Did these princip... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 23,400 | 23,900 |
decree was and is unknown to me, and therefore, we could not have been guided by it. I recall only having seen a later decree which demanded the segregation of the commissars. The troops, in reality, were not so much concerned with this order for the commissars were for the most part not recognized by the fighting troo... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Fifth Day | 23,850 | 24,074 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Volume 20 One Hundred Ninty-Fifth Day Vo... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 0 | 500 |
command-ers-in-chief of the army groups knew, namely, that they were used in the rear areas alongside the Secret Field Police, with the task of screening the population and securing material from the enemy administration centers. I never had any personal contact with any of these branches and therefore I cannot give yo... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 450 | 950 |
intensified during the war. Therefore, we could not have harbored common criminal plans with the others or partic-ipated in carrying them through. HERR PELCKMANN: Surely you felt yourself to be a part of the Army? HAUSER: We were completely incorporated into the Army, and the designation "fourth branch of the Army," al... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 900 | 1,400 |
practically impossible. He did not address troops of the Waffen-SS. On occasion he did talk to some officers and com-manders of some divisions in the field. It was generally known that Heinrich Himmler, who had done only 1 year's military service, had no conception of the military and underestimated the military tasks ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 1,350 | 1,850 |
the crimes in con-centration camps, such as the extermination of the Jews, known to the Waffen-SS? I should like you to remember that you speak not only for yourself as a highly placed general, but that you also speak for the simple SS man, based on your own experience, of course. HAUSER: It sounds quite unlikely, and ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 1,800 | 2,300 |
of Heinrich Himmler and a small circle of criminals around him. The Waffen-SS is taking this quite bitterly for it believes that in its majority it fought decently and fairly. It is far removed from these crimes and from the man who is responsible for them. I should like to ask the High Tribunal to please listen to the... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 2,250 | 2,750 |
Document, D-419, is a report by a general of artillery named Petzel, dated 23 November 1939, with regard to the internal situation in the Warthegau, western Poland, incorporated into the Reich, as the document describes it. I need not trouble you with the first page of the document, the report of 2 December and the let... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 2,700 | 3,200 |
forced to smear the excrement into the faces of the other Jews. "In Lodz it has become known confidentially that SS Ober-fuehrer Melhorn has issued the following orders: "1) From November no unemployment relief may any longer be paid to Poles and Jews, only forced labor is paid for. (This measure has already been confi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 3,150 | 3,650 |
of these atrocities, first from the Yugoslav Delegation, the Document D-945. Witness, you appreciate that the Prinz Eugen Division was a division of the Waffen-SS, do you not? [There was no response.] THE PRESIDENT: Witness, did you hear that question? MAJOR JONES: Witness, I asked you. HAUSER: Yes, this division belon... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 3,600 | 4,100 |
which is another extract from the Yugoslav State Commission report signed by the same President of the State Commission, Dr. Dusan Nedeljkovic, on the crimes of the 7th SS Division, Prinz Eugen, in reads: "The various German divisions operating in the area of occupied Yugoslavia marked their path by traces of devasta-.... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 4,050 | 4,550 |
to the ground." Then it accounts for the destruction of furniture. Besides this the German soldiers drove all the cattle away from the villages and plundered jewels and money before burning these villages. Then over on the next page: "For all of these most serious War Crimes those responsible besides the actual culprit... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 4,500 | 5,000 |
of murder there are listed varying numbers of the victims of the Nazi occupa-tion. In Poster Number 25, for instance, on Page 16, there is a list of 270 hostages shot; Poster 29, Page 20, there are 200 hostages shot; Poster 31, Page 26, there are 100 hostages. These SS shoot-ings were certainly not an original SS conce... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 4,950 | 5,450 |
to do that; but I should be quite content to draw the Tribunal's attention ... THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Elwyn Jones, the Tribunal doesn't desire you not to cross-examine but only not to read out and put to the witness documents which have already been put in; you can put the facts which are in the document to the witness for... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 5,400 | 5,900 |
one sentence in this document which the witness heard interpreted, and I should have thought that was sufficient; but by all means I should let the witness see all the documents. THE PRESIDENT: Dr. Pelckmann, the Tribunal has already ruled that these documents can be put in in this way, and Mr. Elwyn Jones is referring... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 5,850 | 6,350 |
to my senses and I heard how they were finishing off the wounded. I did not move and I simulated death; they left one of the Germans on guard and the rest of them went away. The executioners set fire to the huts and the houses in the neighborhood. I was scorched by the heat and almost suffocated by the smoke and my dre... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 6,300 | 6,800 |
in their faces with his gun. It was a terrible night. A hand grenade, thrown through the window into our ward ripped my friend's belly. Finally the building was set on fire. The fire spread very quickly; those who tried to escape were killed. A woman in our ward succeeded in pushing aside inflammable stuff near the ent... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 6,750 | 7,250 |
to be Exhibit GB-561, which are depositions by Professor Tomkiewicz of the University of Warsaw and Dr. Lorentz, Director of the National Museum in Warsaw, on the looting and deliberate piece-meal destruction of Warsaw by German formations, including SS men. I attempt to summarize the documents. The next, Document 2233... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 7,200 | 7,700 |
Street 21. The Waffen-SS were also there. On the outer wall the notice 'Waffen-SS' could be seen and on the pass which I received at the entrance, the words 'Waffen-SS' were also marked. I knew all the officers, for instance, Oberschar-fuehrer Riedel, Rottenfuehrer Mohrwinkel, Unterscharfuehrer Schramm and so on. I kno... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 7,650 | 8,150 |
in other activities on the rear? Don't you think ... HAUSER: Normally only troops of replacement units can be used behind the lines because the other units were constantly at the front. MAJOR JONES: This affidavit establishes perfectly clearly that these were SS troops, does it not? What other troops could they be? HAU... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 8,100 | 8,600 |
to a special SS account at the Radom Bank Emisyjny. We had to deal with SS men only. Executions carried out by the SS in the ghetto itself were a frequent occurrence. On 14 January 1943 another 'depor-tation' to Treblinka took place. On 21 March 1943 there took place throughout the whole district the so-called action a... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 8,550 | 9,050 |
have emphasized several times in connection with the camps which have been named that they had nothing in common with the SS except, most unfortunately, the name. Of all the examples cited by the Prosecution's attorney I must admit only that the Prinz Eugen Division and the mounted units of Warsaw are members of the Wa... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 9,000 | 9,500 |
GB-564 and the next, Document D-955, will be Exhibit GB-565. THE PRESIDENT: The last document you mentioned will be what-564i 565? You mentioned some other document after that. MAJOR JONES: The next, Document D-955, which I am jus putting in, will be Exhibit GB-565. This is a final affidavit from Jewish merchant, Mojze... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 9,450 | 9,950 |
are concerned with. Do you still say that the Waffen-SS had no part in these matters? HAUSER: These are units in the rear, which apparently did not belong to the Waffen-SS. I cannot say more than that. THE PRESIDENT: Do you know the names of any of the officers who are mentioned in this letter? HAUSER: No. THE PRESIDEN... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 9,900 | 10,400 |
JONES: It contains the summary of the evidence. The certified charges which I shall hand in to the Tribunal contain much fuller details than the summary itself I intend to use on the witness There is no objection to Your Lordship's looking at one of them. THE PRESIDENT: Mr. Elwyn Jones, are you submitting the reports u... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 10,350 | 10,850 |
to the countries concerned and they would be sent to a Tribunal for the purpose of trying those individuals for whom the United Nations War Crimes Commission approved the trial. This is a summary of charges which has not been approved by the United Nations War Crimes Commission. SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: They may or may ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 10,800 | 11,300 |
wish to say, Sir David. SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: My Lord, I would call your attention to the number, of course, that had reached the stage of being approved by the United Nations War Crimes Commission. That would be necessary to my argument. THE PRESIDENT: What you are asking is that you wish to make use of the summary ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 11,250 | 11,750 |
of these documents by the Tribunal, even if it were for official notice only, without examining the witness about them, is, I think, not permissible, since the presentation of evidence by the Prosecution has been completed and-this would mean an inadmissible extension of the material for one side and a limitation for t... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 11,700 | 12,200 |
the 3d, the "Totenkopf" Division. Later, in 1944, the 9th and 10th Divisions belonged to it. MAJOR JONES: What were the names of these divisions? HAUSER: The names were Hohenstaufen, Götz von Berlichingerf -I beg your pardon, Frundsberg. MAJOR JONES: During what period was the Leibstandarte Division under your command... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 12,150 | 12,650 |
army, did the division come under my command again, in Normandy. MAJOR JONES: Did you receive any reports of the numerous murders and burnings of villages that the Das Reich Division was responsible for in France in the month of June 1944? HAUSER: I know from the Indictment the accusation. that in southern France, duri... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 12,600 | 13,100 |
to which this division belonged, the Totenkopf Division, with the great tradition of murders in concentration camps. HAUSER: The division as such came under my command not during the fighting at Warsaw but at Kharkov. That is apparently again a confusion between the men and the guard units of the con-centration camps. ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 13,050 | 13,550 |
at the cemetery." Did you know members of the Waffen-SS were from time to time employed for hanging prisoners? HAUSER: It is striking that this company was called the 23rd. We had no numbering of this sort. Besides, I cannot tell you any-thing about it since I never commanded this division. The Prinz Eugen Division inc... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 13,500 | 14,000 |
That is from Document 1919-PS. Is not that a true picture of the SS? HAUSER: He does not say it was so, he says it must be so and it should be so, because he knew that unity did not exist. MAJOR JONES: Then finally I want to put to you Hitler's ideas about the Waffen-SS. This is Document D-665, Exhibit GB-280, which I ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 13,950 | 14,450 |
but the names of the families which were killed by this division. Now I would like the witness to follow me while I am reading two para-graphs from this voluminous document. I quote Page 5 of the Russian text: "After the murder had been carried out, these SS troops went in the direction of the villages of Srijane, Bisk... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 14,400 | 14,900 |
locked up in a church in Krivaya Rekà " - I emphasize "in a church" - "and then ordered the church to be blown up. I do not know how many persons perished." Do you consider this action as a very serious crime against humanity or not? HAUSER: This appears to be hearsay evidence; it is not the testimony of an eye witness... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 14,850 | 15,350 |
area, as we have already stated above..." I omit the next two sentences, which are cumulative. "On that day Hitler's criminals captured two soldiers of the Yugoslav Liberation Army and the Slovene partisan battal-ions. They brought them to Razorie, where they mutilated their faces with bayonets, put out their eyes and ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 15,300 | 15,800 |
corps, a Panzer corps? I believe it was used in the southern sector. MR. COUNSELLOR SMIRNOV: No, it was engaged in Estonia. Do you know General Steiner? HAUSER: Yes, the commanding general was General Steiner. MR. COUNSELLOR SMIRNOV: Do you know where the Toten-kopf Division was engaged? HAUSER: Yes, we discussed that ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 15,750 | 16,250 |
about the activities of the Waffen--SS troops against the civilian population and prisoners of war in the occupied territories. This report was compiled on the basis of evidence which had been submitted by the Extraordinary State Commission. It is signed by the responsible secretary of the Extraor-dinary State Commissi... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 16,200 | 16,700 |
a rear echelon unit. THE PRESIDENT: How long after the attack opened? HAUSER: Yes, several' divisions were drawn up at the pene-tration points, one behind the other, for the motorized divisions could advance on good roads only. THE PRESIDENT: I asked how long after the attack opened was your division deployed? HAUSER: ... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 16,650 | 17,150 |
am of the opinion that these documents cannot be used. One document is in the Polish language, and unfortunately I cannot read it and therefore cannot put questions on it. Witness, I should like to refer you, as an example, to a poster in a document in English, entitled German Crimes in Poland, and comprising 184 pages... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 17,100 | 17,600 |
HAUSER: I looked at it only briefly, but I could not establish any connection. HERR PELCKMANN: Thank you. You were reminded, Witness, of the speech of Himinler at Kharkov. You said that Himmler's idea that terror had been of use to the troops was wrong. Did you -express your view about this to Himmler, and if so, in wh... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 17,550 | 18,050 |
President, I would like to make the fol-lowing brief statement. The Defense has in the course of the pro-ceedings tried more than once on the basis of inventions published in Fascist White Books to draw attention to, atrocities committed by the opponent. This practice has already been categorically rejected by the Trib... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 18,000 | 18,500 |
given Him the order to appoint a military court to try the case. HERR PELCKMANN: Your unit was used in Normandy; is that correct? HAUSER: Yes, but Oradour is not in Normandy. HERR PELCKMANN: It is in southern France? Was your unit, while it was under your command, responsible for it? HAUSER: No, neither the unit nor I.... | Yale Avalon (proceedings_vol20): One Hundred and Ninety-Sixth Day | 18,450 | 18,950 |
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