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468f97f8-7510-4f41-bbb2-d3a9b7ee5775 | The karyotype of patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome is : | 46XX | 46XY | 47XXY | 45XO | 1b | single | Answer is B (46XY) : Individual with 'androgen insensitivity syndrome' are XY individuals (male karyotype) with a female phenotype. Mutation in the androgen receptor causes resistance to androgen action and the androgen insensitivity syndrome results. | Medicine | null |
ea3ee2e6-db3c-4b6d-83ba-e04de1d44b83 | All the conditions mentioned below are associated with decreased fetal hea rate except | Fetal movement | Chronic hypoxia | Cord compression | Head compression | 0a | multi | Fetal movement is associated with increase in fetal hea rate .This forms the basis of non stress test. Head compression leads to vagal stimulation and thus bradycardia. Hypoxia and cord compression (causing hypoxia) will also lead to bradycardia. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
b82b2c28-0258-4d75-9cb6-7430c6a1fc70 | Anti-Ro antibody is found in? | SLE | Scleroderma | MCTD | Neonatal lupus | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Neonatal lupus * Anti SS-A (Ro) and anti SS-B (La) antibodies are the serological marker of Sjogren syndrome.* They are also found in neonated lupus. | Pathology | Immunity |
b6414866-766e-4c93-ac82-c62f7a6876e2 | All are true about nephrotic syndrome in children except? | It is not associated with hypeension | Minimal change disease in children <10 year | Massive proteinuria > 3.5gm%/ 24 hours | Low complement levels | 3d | multi | Nephrotic syndrome is kidney disease with proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. Massive proteinuria > 3.5gm%/ 24 hours Persistently low C3 levels are indicative of Acute Glomerulonephritis Minimal change disease- most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children (2-8 yrs) | Medicine | Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome |
3075c7f4-2770-4b81-952e-1e476d202a24 | True about safe CSOM: | Aetiology is multiple bacteria | Oral antibiotics are not effective | Ear drops have no role | Otic hydrocephalus is a complication | 0a | multi | (a) Aetiology is multiple bacteria(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 2; 1001)CSOM is caused by mixed aerobic and anaerobic organisms. MC aerobic organism being Pseudomonas, others include Proteus, E. coli and Staph, aureus. Bacteroids are the anaerobic bacteria here.Oral antibiotics and antibiotic ear drops are given to c... | ENT | Ear |
da85ca33-1eee-447d-8ad7-f69a2247a1f3 | The level of branching of common carotid artery: | Upper border of thyroid cartilage | Lower border of cricoid cartilage | Lower border of thyroid cartilage | Hyoid | 0a | single | COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES:
There are two common carotid arteries: right and left. They are the chief arteries of the head and neck.
Origin:
The right common carotid artery arises in neck from brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery) behind the
sternoclavicular joint.
The left common carotid artery arises in thorax (supe... | Anatomy | null |
13192882-eab8-4407-98de-87f89c016ae4 | A 28 year old male patient suddenly started experiencing severe pain in lower right abdominal region, the nature of pain was colicky. He underwent USG-KUB; where no stone was evident, but mild hydronephrosis was evident in relation to right kidney. Renal function test was normal and creatinine levels were in normal ran... | CT scan KUB to rule out presence of renal calculi | Treat it like pyelonephritis | Only plenty of hydration required | None of the above | 0a | multi | Acute Abdominal Pain
Investigations:
Patients should have a full blood count, urea and electrolytes, glucose and amylase taken to look for evidence of dehydration, leucocytosis and pancreatitis. Urinalysis is useful in suspected renal colic and pyelonephritis. An erect chest X-ray may show air under the diaphragm, sug... | Medicine | null |
18621945-7bb2-4ad9-9567-81733c5c67f7 | Earliest response to iron supplementation in iron deficiency anemia is denoted by? | Increase in serum ferritin | Increase in reticulocyte count | Increase in iron binding capacity | Increase in hemoglobin | 1b | single | Response to iron therapy: Rapid subjective improvement, with disappearance or marked reduction of fatigue, lassitude, and other nonspecific symptoms, before any improvement in anemia is observed. Earliest hematologic evidence of response to treatment is an increase in reticulocytes on 5th to 10th day after sta of suppl... | Pathology | Iron deficiency anemia |
4db026c6-d151-494f-9e77-d83d483f6982 | Most common cause of endophthalmitis in AIDS patients is: | Rhizopus | Aspergillus | Cryptococcus | Candida | 3d | single | Candida is most common cause of endophthalmitis in AIDS patients. Ocular Manifestations in HIV Anterior Segment Molluscum Contaiosum Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus Kaposi Sarcoma Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Trichomegaly Dry Eyes Anterior Uveitis Ocular Manifestations In HIV Posterior Segment CMV Retinitis Acute Retin... | Ophthalmology | Vitreous Humour, Uveal Disorders |
e4723824-97aa-4b32-9116-d9ad029e2e58 | Otoacoustic emissions arise from? | Outer hair cells | Inner hair cells | Both | Organ of corti | 0a | multi | ANSWER: (A) Outer hair cellsREF: Dhingra's ENT 4th edition page 29 Repeat from December 2009 Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs)They are low intensity sounds produced by outer hair cells of a normal cochlea and can be elicited by a very sensitive microphone placed in the external ear canal and an analysis by a computer. Sound... | ENT | Diagnostic & Operative ENT |
3a29323e-444f-4de2-88da-d3ee4806718c | Genital ridge derived from which mesoderm? | Paraxial mesoderm | Lateral plate mesoderm | Intermediate mesoderm | None | 2c | multi | Each testis develops from the coelomic epithelium, that covers the medial side of the mesonephros, of the corresponding side. In the region where testis is to develop, this germinal epithelium becomes thickened. This thickening is called the genital ridge. The gonadal ridge (or genital ridge) is the precursor to the go... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
01732027-57ac-4716-b94f-bb2777d76956 | No prior immune suppression is helpful in which type of graft rejection? | Acuterejection | Hyperacute rejection | Chronic rejection | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans is 'b' i.e. Hyperacute rejectiono Hyperacute rejection is caused by ABO incompatibility and preformed cytotoxic antibodies against donor HLA antigens. Therefore immunosuppressant is not helpful. | Pathology | Rejection of Transplants |
36a9cb02-5d5d-40b8-ad94-5af1fc90e225 | Fall on foot causes? | Pond fracture | Gutter fracture | Cerebral hemisphere divided into half | Compression fracture | 3d | multi | ANSWER: (D) Compression fractureREF: Manual of orthopedics by Marc F. Swiontkowski MD 6th ed Ch: 7Burst Compression fractures of the lumbar spine are associated with fractures of calcaneus in a setting where a person falls and land on foot. This type of fracture is called a Don Juan fracture.Calcaneal fractures are mor... | Orthopaedics | Spinal Injuries |
01322516-144a-435e-b09a-081866b3a840 | Not transmitted by soft Tick | Relapsing fever | KFD in India | KFD outside india | Q fever | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
37fcd55b-43c7-4594-9669-3e9703422abe | Which is characteristic of supragingival plaque and not of subgingival plaque in humans? | Motile bacteria are predominant | Spirochetes are evident microscopically | Gram negative bacteria are predominant | Bacterial composition is altered by dietary sugar composition | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
b2374762-a95d-4a95-9a2d-ee091d4a3587 | Double bubble sign in children seen in A/E – | Ladds band | Annular pancreas | Pancreatic pseudocyst | Diaphragmatic hernia | 3d | single | Obstruction of 2nd part of duodenum cause double bubble sign on plain abdominal radiograph. OIt may be due to -
i) Annular pancreas
ii) Pancreatic pseudocyst
iii) Ladds band
iv) Tumor in the head of the pancrease | Pediatrics | null |
4e472757-c712-43bc-aa76-204731920923 | Oliguria causing drug is- | Acyclovir | Diazepam | Aspirin | Montelukast | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Acyclovir Drugs Causing Oliguriao Drugs causing decreased renal perfusion - diuretics.o Drugs causing nephrotoxicity - aminoglycosides and chemotherapeutic agents,o Urine retention - adrenergic and anticholinergic drugs.o Urinary obstruction associated with precipitation of urinary crystals - sulfonam... | Pharmacology | D.O.C |
5601802e-252f-4a62-9fab-812df0885026 | Which has the highest cholesterol content? | HDL | LDL | VLDL | Chylomicron | 1b | single | LDL contains cholesterol as the main lipid component. A positive correlation exists between the incidence of atherosclerosis and the plasma concentration of LDL cholesterol. The LDL (apoB-100, E) receptor is defective in familial hypercholesterolemia, a genetic condition which blood LDL cholesterol levels are increased... | Biochemistry | null |
8414c2f4-782a-478e-949f-2d031b5011e3 | which of the following is not a theory of mechanism of AGING ? | free radicle theory | crosslinking the collagen theory | telomerase shoening theroy | lysosomal degeneration theory | 3d | single | MECHANISMS OF AGING Theory Principle DNA & Genetic Theory -Aging is predetermined by genetic programmng. Neuroendocrine Theory -Loss of hypothalamic regulation and cell sensitivity to ormones. Free Radical Theory Cellular damage by production of metabolic free adicals. Membrane Theory -Decline in cell efficiency loss o... | Pathology | All India exam |
4af85b12-464b-4b32-af7f-ad3cdbaeee83 | n-3 PUFA is present in all except - | Mustard oil | Corn oil | Fish oil | Groundnut oil | 3d | multi | Fatty acid content of different fats (%) : Fats SFA MUFA PUFA Coconut oil 92 6 2 Safflower oil 10 15 75 Sunflower seed oil 8 27 65 Soya bean oil 14 24 62 Margarine 25 25 50 Ground nut oil 19 50 31 Palm oil 46 44 10 Butter 60 37 3 Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 649 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
5fa93616-e5f2-42c8-83a0-bbef25f9d378 | The wall absent in class V lesion | Axial wall | Mesial | Distal | Pulpal wall | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
fe8af13b-93f4-4989-b027-754d7ba49326 | The quantity of X-rays is controlled by: | Kilovoltage | Milliamperage | Total filteration | Exposure time | 1b | single | null | Radiology | null |
fc2101d3-48d1-4dfb-b19b-924137df336a | Declaration of Sydney is related to ? | Time of death | Infliction of toure | Therapeutic aboion | Humanitarian goals of medicine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Time of death Declaration of SydneyThe advent of organ transplantation made this Declaration a guide to determining the time of death of the comatose donor. "Brain death" has displaced "cardiac death" as the essential criterion; and the diagnosis must be made before there is organ death.The Declaratio... | Forensic Medicine | null |
3ce9e141-545f-45cd-a58b-3385290fce5e | Following investigations are required in initial evaluation of a chronic myeloid leukemia patient EXCEPT - | Peripheral smear | Test for Philadelphia chromosome | Bone marrow testing | HLA typing | 3d | multi | CML is established by identification of the clone of hematopoietic stem cells that possesses the reciprocal translocation between chromosome 9 & 22,forming Philadelphia chromosome. Peripheral smear shows metamyelocytes, myelocytes, mature segmented neutrophils , basophils.Bone marrow examination reveals hypercellularit... | Medicine | Haematology |
f0a65c62-b87c-4baf-931b-111a21b024dc | Antilipidemic drugs that prevent hypercholesterolemia by inhibiting absorption - | Ezetimibe | Orlistat | Cholestyramine | Statins | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Ezetimibe Ezetimibe inhibits the absorption of cholesterol by bidning to transpoer located in intestinal brush border. Note: Orlistat also reduces cholesterol absorption, but it is an anti-obesity drug (not an antilipidemic drug). | Pharmacology | null |
8d0d13e5-bb54-47e3-a4e2-20c746281319 | Which of the following is used for medical adrenalectomy?- | Mitotane | Methotrexate | Doxorubicin | 5-Fluorouracil | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
8db51935-3aa5-4d2b-af25-085d9adc2fd9 | Which of the following is an acid-fast bacillus | Mycobacterium bacilli | Treponema pallidum | Neisseria gonorrhea | All of the above | 0a | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
71717de2-99aa-4c1f-a677-03441bc64c4a | What is the inheritance pattern of marfan syndrome? | AD | AR | XR | XD | 0a | single | Refer the byte "Menddian disorders and their Inbetitance pattern" | Pathology | null |
2fa93a2c-402d-466d-a194-c3b5812a8e1c | Which one of the following drugs is useful in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease? | Atropine | Ondansetron | Metoclopramide | Sodium citrate | 2c | single | Metoclopramide is an effective drug in the treatment of patients with GERD. It is a prokinetic drug that speeds up gastric emptying by increasing gastric peristasis while relaxing the pylorus and first pa of duodenum. It also enhance the tone of lower esophageal sphincter thereby preventing reflux. Ref: Essentials of M... | Pharmacology | null |
0a0690fc-6974-4862-89b9-2eee1360081f | Blood stained sputum may be the only symptom in- | Bronchiectasis | Carcinoma bronchus | Adenoma bronchus | Pulmonary T.B. | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
cc83d983-c4e1-453f-a412-e2448d236f0c | Examination of vitreous is best done by: | Direct ophthalmoscope | Indirect ophthalmoscope | Slit-lamp with contact lens | Oblique illumination | 1b | single | Ans. Indirect ophthalmoscope | Ophthalmology | null |
c1bcdb12-b44e-41c3-aaae-086d1c25eec7 | Irvin Moore sign is positive in | Adenoid hyperophy | Acute tonsillitis | Chronic tonsillitis | Epiglottitis | 2c | single | Irwin-Moore sign:- Expression of cheesy material from the tonsil, on pressing anterior pillar seen in case of chronic tonsillitis. Ref:- Textbook of ENT, Hazarika; pg num:- 480 | ENT | Pharynx |
3a57edcc-09d2-4123-a142-34fc371f9689 | These ventral spinal rootlets are more prone to injury during decompressive operations because they are shoer and exit in a more horizontal direction: | C5 | C6 | C7 | T1 | 0a | single | A ie C5 | Anatomy | null |
09115997-0526-4f1a-b5a3-4338a3fd4b6a | Tache noires is seen in - | Emphysema | Diphtheria | Boutoneuse fever | Bronchial asthma | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
6a68e64d-55ad-4532-8c91-9c8bc4ee1238 | Urethritis in males is not caused by | H ducreyi | Trichomonas | Chlamydia | Gonococcus | 0a | single | H Ducreyi course soft sore chancroid Infections cuase urethritis Neisseria gonorrhea chlamydia trachsmati&;s Trichsmonas Vaginalis Mycoplasma genitalium ref : ananthanaryana | Microbiology | All India exam |
5d2d4927-f6ea-4342-8f13-d5ba88046882 | Which one of the following condition is associated with extensive pleural thickening and calcification especially involving the diaphragmatic pleura? | Coal worker's pneumoconiosis | Asbestosis | Silicosis | Siderosis | 1b | multi | Extensive pleural thickening and calcification especially involving the diaphragmatic pleura are classical features of Asbestosis. Exposure to asbestos can result in extensive pleural thickening, calcification, effusion, and malignant neoplasm of lung and pleura. Pleural fibrosis associated with asbestos fiber inhalati... | Radiology | null |
dcf98e23-e1df-47e7-a4fe-49ab7de0c40c | The protein responsible for elasticity of the muscle is: | Actin | Myosin | Titin | All | 2c | multi | Titin is responsible for the elasticity of the muscle present in hea and skeletal muscle Actin and myosin are regarded as contractile proteins Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:86,87 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
afb7cc47-218e-4d85-a2de-acbb31c799d1 | Study of finger printing is: | DNA finger printing | Dactylography | Gene analysis | Poroscopy | 1b | single | B i.e. Dactylography | Forensic Medicine | null |
ae93a411-d875-435f-9389-c37a827a0f81 | All of the following may occur in Down's syndrome, except: | Hypothyroidism | Undescended testis | Ventricular septal defect | Brushfield's spots | 1b | multi | Undescended testis has not been described as an association with Down's syndrome. Hypothyroidism, ventricular septal defect, Brushfield's spots are seen in Down's syndrome. Ref: Essential Pediatrics By O P Ghai, 6th Edition, Page 592; Down Syndrome By Mark Selikowitz, 2008, Preview. | Pediatrics | null |
63b23189-cdae-419f-b78f-7dfdae00f74e | In morbus caeruleus foramen ovole closes after | 6 months | 2 years | 1 year | Never | 3d | single | In few cases, foramen ovale remains patent throughout life and gives rise to cyanosis, a condition called as Morbus caeruleus.(Refer: Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics, SAE, 1st edition, pg no. 2162) | Pediatrics | All India exam |
8045b037-5ac8-4f24-975b-8fb280ccf543 | Scrub typhus is caused by - | R typhi | R Akari | R prowazekii | R tsutsugamushi | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., R tsutsugamushi o Has been explained in previous years | Social & Preventive Medicine | Rickettsial Diseases |
b2b190ba-8dfb-4cf8-8149-5aa3869113fb | What is suggilation? | Rigor mortis | Algor mortis | Livor mortis | Postmortem caloricity | 2c | single | Postmortem staining is also called livor mortis / suggilation/ Hypostasis / Cadaveric lividity. | Forensic Medicine | null |
64249c93-cb66-4907-9d4a-bd03ae9d4fd7 | Not a complication of Colles' fracture | Stiffness of wrist | Stiffness of shoulder | Carpal tunnel syndrome | Wrist drop | 3d | single | D i.e. Wrist drop | Surgery | null |
6e46e72d-f4e9-421c-b5b8-2176bbc58100 | A five day old, full term male infant was severely cyanotic at bih. Prostaglandin E was administered initially and later ballooned atrial septosomy was done which showed improvement in oxygenation. The most likely diagnosis of this infant is: | Tetralogy of Fallot | Transposition of great vessels | Truncus Aeriosus | Tricuspid Atresia | 1b | multi | Administration of Prostaglandin E and ballooned atrial septosomy which shows improvement in oxygenation in a severely cyanotic five day old male infant suggest this case as transposition of great vessels. Oxygenation is normal before bih but, after bih as ductus aeriosus closes, severe hypoxia occurs and in the absence... | Pediatrics | null |
7fe63d18-b806-4244-9e9f-d2c1b9faf279 | Which of the following is not included in major Jone's criteria aEUR' | Pancarditis | Chorea | Ahritis | Elevated ESR | 3d | single | Elevated E.S.R. * The jones criteria for rheumatic fever: Major criteria * CarditisQ . * Migratory polyahrrusQ Minor cieria Clinical * Fever * Sydenham's choreaQ * AhralgiaQ * Subcutaneous nodules Laboratory Erythema marginatumQ * Elevated acute phase reactants * Prolonged PR interval PLUS Suppoing evidence of a recent... | Surgery | null |
91eaa785-7db8-4a74-83fb-2a151b2154a3 | Shade selection is done with in how much time to avoid fatigue of eyes? | 5 seconds | 10 seconds | 15 seconds | 20 seconds | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
dd0850f7-f7a2-40d0-8684-21fe331c016a | The sequence of commonest fractured sites of Mandible is | Angle, Neck, Canine fossa | Canine fossa, Neck, Angle | Canine fossa, Angle, Neck | Neck, Canine fossa, Angle | 2c | single | The mandible is commonly fractured at the canine socket where it is weak. Involvement of the inferior alveolar nerve in the callus may cause neuralgic pain, and if the nerve is paralyzed, the area supplied by the mental nerve becomes insensitive. The next common fracture of the mandible occurs at the angle.Reference: C... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
5114e41f-83ea-4d24-a783-8be332723a3c | Facial edema, cheilitis granulomatosa and a fissured tongue characterize which of the following syndromes? | Frey's syndrome | Melkerson-Rosenthal syndrome | Treacher Collins syndrome | None of the above | 1b | multi | null | Pathology | null |
b74e74e7-efe6-412d-8d53-24889f8ce894 | Right border of hea is formed by ? | Right ventricle | Right atrium | SVC | IVC | 1b | single | External features of hea The hea has following borders and surfaces :- A) Borders i) Right border :- Formed by right atrium. ii) Left border (obtuse margin):- Formed mainly by left ventricle and paly by left auricle (in its upper most pa). iii) Inferior border (acute margin):- Formed mainly by right ventricle and paly ... | Anatomy | null |
ce517c3d-6eda-4f44-82b1-e8eb066e9f47 | Adipocere is likely to occur in : | Warm humid climate | Dry hot climate | Burial in sandy oil | Extreme cold | 0a | single | A i.e. Warm humid climate | Forensic Medicine | null |
d02e9b89-04d8-404c-b87e-24c091684acd | Shortest incubation period is seen in- | Influenza | Hepatitis B | Hepatitis A | Rubella | 0a | single | Mumps → 16 - 18 days
Influenza → 2 - 3 days
Hepatitis A → 15 - 90 days
Hepatitis B → 6 wk to 6 months | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
86411148-db00-4855-aac7-bcd18f0d0dff | Eosinophilic meningitis is seen with all except | Coccidiomycosis | Cryptococcal meningitis | Lepto meningeal metastasis | Helminthic infections | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
66007418-6d04-45be-88ae-d043c16335fb | Which of the following is more aggressive rectal carcinoma ? | Adenocarcinoma | Secondary mucoid carcinoma | Signet ring carcinoma | Squamous cell carcinoma | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Secondary mucoid carcinoma | Surgery | null |
a32bfccd-add0-4ea5-9236-344b5fee5666 | Most common complication of coeliac plexus block ? | Hypotension | Parasthesias | Diarrhea | Pneumothorax | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypotension Celiac plexus block The celiac plexus is situated retroperitoneally in the upper abdomen. It is at the level of T12 and L, veebrae anterior to the crura of the diaphragm. It contains visceral afferent and efferent fibers divided from T5 to T1, by means of greater, lesser and least splanchn... | Anaesthesia | null |
90001460-fad0-4b2f-ae32-107a0d1e22fe | Bipedicle flap is used for reconstruction of? | Nose | Fingeip | Eyelid | Breast | 2c | single | Answer- C. EyelidBipedicled flap is a bucket handle flap supplied by both the ends. It is used for lower eyelid repair and rarely anywhere else. | Surgery | null |
6b3e010e-a28c-477e-a946-4823fb1929c1 | A 9 year girl presents with menarche. History reveals thelarche at the age of 8 years the most common cause of this condition in girls is | Idiopathic | Gonandal tumor | McCune albright syndrome | Hypothyroidism | 0a | single | Precocious pubey:The term is reserved for girls who exhibit any secondary sexual charecters before the age of 8 or menstruate before the age of 10 Causes GnRH Dependent: 80% Constitutional : Activation of HPO axis Juvenile Primary Hypothyroidism Intracranial Lesions GnRH Independent Ovary Adrenal Liver Iatrogenic Granu... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexuality and intersexuality |
2f93ab7f-d564-4b4d-ae81-fda551e94cc9 | A 35 years old with 36-week pregnancy comes with history of 5 convulsions at home. Her BP is 170/100. Diagnosis made by doctor is eclampsia. Next Management is? | Only Labetalol | Only MgSO4 | MgSO4 + Labetalol | Clonidine | 2c | single | Eclampsia management: DOC: Magnesium sulphate IM +IV (Pritchard regimen) IV only (Zuspan regime) Pritchard regimen I.M. & I.V. regime This is the most preferred and the 'method of choice' Loading dose-Sta with a loading dose of 14g in which 4g given as intravenous and 10g given as intramuscular Maintenance dose - Maint... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | FMGE 2019 |
eeae81bf-4a78-4b80-b772-a95a3bef49aa | Which of the following is involved in tumor metastasis cascade:- | Fibronectin | E-Cadherin | Type IV collagenase | Tyrosine kinase | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. E. cadherin For the tumor cells to metastasize they must-1st - detach from each other.Next - traverse the extracellular matrix (i. e. the basement membrane and interstitial connective tissue).Normally the cells are neatly glued to each other and their surrounding by a variety of adhesion molecules.Of t... | Medicine | General |
a91d8346-e723-4104-a28c-daa7906ca0ec | All are Orofacial pain of vascular origin except: | Cluster headache | Migraine | MPDS | Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania | 2c | multi | The various orofacial pains of vascular origin are:
Cluster headache
Temporal arteritis (involves extracranial carotid circulation)
Chronic paroxysmal hemicranias
Migraine – (MC) | Pathology | null |
12ca959b-f4ef-4fdb-89c5-e5d91b2ffe6c | Acute radiation hepatic damage is most marked between - | 1-7 days | 7-21 days | 21-40 days | 40-100 days | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 40-100 days o Acute radiation damage normally affects rapidly proliferating tissue : - i) Hematopoietic tissue Latent period 2-3 weeks. ii) Epithelium of GIT --> Latent period 3-5 days. iii) Lymphoid tissue o Acute radiation damage also affects the CNS Latent period 15 minutes to 3 hours. o Hepatic ra... | Pathology | null |
5d1d7709-f6ef-4377-808d-8f540a2008a9 | Which of the following is a "water scarce disease"? | Trachoma | Leprosy | Rabies | Tetanus | 0a | single | Many diseases are caused by scarcity of water in enough amount to be able to maintain personal hygiene and cleanliness. These are called water scarce disease or water washed disease. Examples include trachoma, conjunctivitis, lice infestation, scabies, ascariasis etc. Ref: Park, 21st Edition, Page 657. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7744e56f-58db-4493-8436-ef6cbe051304 | `La facies sympathique' is a condition seen in cases of - | Hanging | Strangulation | Myocardial insuffciency | Railway accidents | 0a | single | o In case of pressure of ligature on cervical sympathetic chin the eye on that side is found open (La facie sympathique). It confirms antemortem banging. | Forensic Medicine | null |
10dc619f-10c4-46dc-bc9b-e9b7e50caf0c | All of the following statements about paneth cells are true, Except. | Rich in Rough Endolasmic Reticulum | Rich in Zinc | Contain Lysozyme | Foamy appearance | 3d | multi | D i.e. Foamy appearance | Anatomy | null |
40ce6f49-918b-4d3e-8721-5d1556503a32 | Onodi cells and Haller cells of ethmoid labyrinth is seen in relation to following respectively | Optic nerve and floor of orbit | Optic nerve and internal carotid aery | Optic nerve & naso lacrimal duct | Orbital floor and nsolacrimal duct | 0a | multi | A i.e. Optic nerve and floor of orbit Agger nasi cells are medial relations of lacrimal sac & duct; Haller's cells develop medially beneath orbital floort2 and Sphenoethmoid or Onodi cells is intimately related to optic nerve & canal and internal carotid aeryQ. It may contain tuberculum nervi optic, where the optic can... | Anatomy | null |
d548d5c9-4a24-4480-98e7-82fd8b8b8c72 | All are true in megaloblastic anaemia except:(1995) | Microcytes | Megakaryocytes | Decrease in platelets | Neurological symptoms | 0a | multi | Ans: a (Microcytes)Ref: Robbin's, 7th ed, p. 638, 639 & p. 642 for d & 6th ed, p. 622 for b 623 for c p. 624 for d. Also see Harrison, 16llled, p. 605, 606 & 15th ed, p. 679 | Pathology | Blood |
37ad6932-54bd-40c0-8fbf-0ca90b7b543f | If a substance "X" has more renal clearance than the GFR, it means: | "X" is only being reabsorbed by the tubules | "X" is being secreted by the tubules | "X" is being secreted as well as reabsorbed by the tubules | "X" is neither secreted nor reabsorbed | 1b | single | For the given substance "X": > GFR {That is, clearance of "X" is greater than GFR.} It means, urinary excretion of the substance (Ux x V) is greater than the total filtration of the substance (Px x GFR). So the substance must have been secreted by the tubules. Option B is correct. If is greater than , it means the amou... | Physiology | Excretory System (Kidney, Bladder) Acid-Base Balance |
44fe3598-c6b8-42e3-b465-0d243ee2ef15 | The four points of probe placement in Focused Abdominal Sonogram for trauma (FAST) in blunt thoraco-abdominal trauma are - | Epigastrium, (R) hypochondrium, (L) Lower chest, hypogastrium | Epigastrium, (R) and (L) Hypochondria, (R) Iliac fossa | Epigastrium, (R) and (L) Lumbar regions, hypogastrium | Hypogastrium, (R) and (L) Lumbar regions, (R) lower chest | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
9ce5c8ea-e89d-4909-b689-428e30e5ad91 | True about Ribozyme: | Peptidyl Transferase activity | Cuts DNA at specific site | Participate in DNA Synthesis | GTPase activity | 0a | multi | Ans. A. Peptidyl Transferase activity(Ref: Harper 31/e p396)Ribozyme is RNA with catalytic activity.E.g.: SnRNA in Spliceosome-Takes part in splicing of exons and removal of intronsRibonuclease P--Cuts the RNAPeptidyl Transferase: Peptide Bond formation other optionsCuts the DNA at specific site--Restriction Endonuclea... | Biochemistry | Molecular Genetics |
754b6b54-56e8-4708-8128-67015a57c6a0 | The drug of choice for treatment of hypehyroidism during lactation period is - | Carbimazole | Propylthiouracil | Methimizole | Radioactive iodine | 1b | single | Hypehyroidism in pregnancy Methimazole crosses the placenta to a greater degree than propylthiouracil and has been associated with fetal aplasia cutis. However, propylthiouracil can be associated with liver failure. Some expes recommend propylthiouracil in the first trimester and methimazole thereafter. Radioiodine sh... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
ad576c50-6109-49ee-8498-d60dd73c95b2 | Which of the following is order of development is not charac-teristic | Caudal -Cranial | Cranial - Caudal | Generalised - specific | Distal - proximal | 0a | single | Ans a (Caudal - Cranial)Ref O P ghai 7th edOrder of growth in human beings is cephalocaudal and distal to proxi-mal. During the fetal life, growth of head occurs before that of neck and arms grow before legs. Distal part of the body such as the hands increase in size before the upper arms.Generalised mass activity give... | Pediatrics | Growth, Development, and Behavior |
5718e593-4089-49aa-bea0-8b91d06b1d05 | Chagas disease and is transmitted by the following: | Kissing bugs | Tsetse flies | Dogs | Birds | 1b | single | Chagas disease is transmitted by tsetse flies. There are two distinct types of human trypanosomes: African, which causes sleeping sickness and is transmitted by tsetse flies (eg, Glossina): Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; American, which causes Chagas disease and is transmitted by kissi... | Microbiology | null |
cc01dfd4-f642-45fa-96d1-f22f1ad58755 | Ulnar nerve injury results in: March 2012 | Ape thumb deformity | Wrist drop | Clawing of fingers | Pointing index | 2c | single | Ans: C i.e. Clawing of fingers | Surgery | null |
f8f1b5c9-f5e9-4f93-83b0-a45fd35cf76a | The commonest type of cataract is – | Blue dot | Zonular | Cupuliform | Cuneiform | 3d | single | You must be thinking, why not a blue dot?
Carefully read the question. Here the question is about the commonest type of cataract (not congenital cataract).
A most common type of cataract is senile cataract (Age-related cataract).
A most common type of senile cataract is cuneiform cataract (70%).
"In general, the predo... | Ophthalmology | null |
99046035-1a17-4668-b2c8-8a12503ff249 | Agnes hunt traction: | Flexion deformity of hip | Trochantric fracture | Fracture shaft of humerus | Low backache | 0a | single | Ans. A. Flexion deformity of hipRef: Campbell, Ebnezer and MaheshwariExplanationThese are commonly asked memory based questions in orthopedics. These charts are must to memorize.Commonly asked tractions, fractures, splints and castNameUseGallow's tractionFracture shaft of the femur in children below 2 yearsBryant's tra... | Orthopaedics | Management In Orthopedics |
2a8fc88d-40a8-4c7b-8372-b0e91597262c | A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents, who complain that their son continually loses his balance. They also report that his speech seems more slurred. Physical examination confirms the truncal ataxia and wide-based gait. The child appears lethargic, and there is bobbing of the head while he is sit... | Cerebellum | Corpus callosum | Frontal lobes | Hypothalamus | 0a | multi | The neuroectoderm may (albeit infrequently) give rise to a neoplasm of neuronal heritage. These tumors occur most often in childhood, and their cellular composition is usually primitive. An example is medulloblastoma, which arises in the cerebellum, generally in the first decade of life. This entity is usually situated... | Pathology | Central Nervous System |
fcb0e0bd-95e7-466e-b801-34f47c002e2b | Fosphenytoin is different from phenytoin as | It is less damaging to intima on intravenous administration | It can be injected in a drip of glucose solution | It is a prodrug of phenytoin | All the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All the above Fosphenytoin* This water soluble prodrug of phenytoin* It has been introduced to overcome the difficulties in i.v. administration of phenytoin in status epilepticus.* In the body, it is rapidly converted to phenytoin.* Its doses are expressed as phenytoin equivalents (PE).* On i.v. injec... | Pharmacology | C.N.S |
5780b369-5b19-421e-953d-68a040223c43 | Western blot is used for ? | DNA | RNA | Sugar | Protein | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., ProteinVisualization of a specific DNA or RNA fragment among the many thousand of contaminating molecules requires the convergence of number of techniques collectively termed the blot transfer. | Biochemistry | null |
587f97f5-6dac-4731-9424-519d8c160b0b | Fever is caused by: | IL 3 | IL 6 | IL 5 | IL 9 | 1b | single | Ans. b. IL 6 | Microbiology | null |
181fa858-e637-442e-8ecd-cb1b40baed59 | Ducts of the main lacrimal gland open in: | Superior fornix | Inferior fornix | Both of the above | None of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. Both of the above | Ophthalmology | null |
b94716ac-966c-418b-b4c7-3e2e8682bc99 | All are true about popliteus except | Flexes the knee | Unlocks the knee | Intracapsular | Inseed to medial meniscus | 3d | multi | POPLITEUS:- Origin:-intracapsular origin.lateral condyle of femur.lateral meniscus of knee.Inseion:-posterior surface of shaft of tibia above soleal line. Nerve supply:- tibial nerve.Action:-Unlocks knee by lateral rotation of femur on tibia prior to flexion. <img src=" /> {Reference: BDC 6E pg no. 108} | Anatomy | Lower limb |
d4466a23-04b5-4691-be5c-128b16aa86ed | A neurologist notes that a patient has weakness when she attempts internal rotation of her right arm at the shoulder. This could be caused by weakness in which of the following muscles? | Infraspinatus | Pectoralis minor | Subscapularis | Supraspinatus | 2c | single | The subscapularis muscle arises from the anterior surface of the scapula and inses onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It is one of the rotator cuff muscles. Its tendon passes on the anterior side of the shoulder joint capsule, where it reinforces the capsule. Contraction of this muscle causes internal rotation of... | Anatomy | null |
b56f2e83-a2fb-455b-837d-c79a6660235d | X-ray abdomen of neonate shows: | Duodenal atresia | Jejunal atresia | Pneumatosis intestinalis | Hirschsprung's disease | 2c | single | Ans. (c) Pneumatosis intestinalis.* The finding of pneumatosis intestinalis (air in the bowel wall) confirms the clinical suspicion of NEC and is diagnostic; 50-75% of patients have pneumatosis when treatment is started.* NEC is the most common life-threatening emergency of the gastrointestinal tract in the new-born pe... | Pediatrics | Gastro Intestinal System |
563cb9a8-42c9-4ba2-bd12-254ebc1cf813 | The effects associated with cold working can be eliminated by a heat treatment called | Age hardening heat treatment | Annealing heat treatment | Homogenization heat treatment | Solution heat treatment | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
9dfd0367-124f-4ee6-b3d0-c4bb5fe2a23d | Stress ulcers seen in burns are: | Curling's ulcer | Cushing's ulcer | Meleney's ulcer | Rodent ulcer | 0a | single | Answer is A (Curling's Ulcer) Stress ulcers after severe burns are called curling's ulcers Stress ulcers after head trauma : Cushing's Ulcers Stress ulcers after severe burns : Curling's Ulcers | Medicine | null |
9fddc48a-2732-4849-9811-0a7a1615d9ae | Which generation of bonding system combines the primer and bonding agent into a single step? | Fourth | Fifth | Sixth | Seventh | 1b | multi | FIFTH GENERATION
To decrease the number of steps PRIME AND BOND WERE COMBINED.
ETCH + (PRIME+BOND).
Called self priming adhesive.
Bond strength 17-24 MPA.
Less number of steps less post operative sensitivity.
Eg: Prime and bond NT, Adper single bond, Opti bond solo.
Reference- Sturdevant 6th ed | Dental | null |
673efb91-ea61-4ecc-998d-2e16e47ff30b | Which of the follow ing drugs is contraindicated in liver dysfunction? | Pefloxacin | Vancomycin | Amikacin | Hydralazine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Pefloxacin In liver dysfunctionDrugs contraindicatedDrugs require dose adjustmento Erthromycin estolaleo Tetracyclineso Pyrazinamideo Pefloxacino Chloremphenicalo Methotrexateo INHo Rifampicino Tacrineo Talcaponeo Clindamycin | Pharmacology | Adverse Drug Effect |
4a70e36b-e0f0-4d98-9252-07c0dfd424e1 | To say twin discordance the differences in the two twins should be : | 15% with the larger twin as index | 15% with the smaller twin as index25% with the | 25% with the larger twin as index | 25% with the smaller twin as index | 2c | multi | Ans. is c i.e. 25% with the larger twin as index Unequal sizes of twin fetuses with a difference of 25% (larger twin being used as the index), is called as Discordant growth. It is a sign of pathological growth restriction in the smaller fetus. As the weight difference within a twin pair increases and the earlier the g... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
66d4d847-1114-49f4-9e79-7ad0e1677796 | Which of the following conditions is least likely to present as an eccentric osteolytic lesion - | Aneurysmal bone cyst | Giant cell tumor | Fibrous cortical defect | Simple bone cyst | 3d | single | null | Orthopaedics | null |
fde0d0ac-7e72-43ee-b732-287902537614 | Score 4 of IOTN? | No treatment | Minor anomaly, no treatment | Borderline treatment | Treatment need | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
fc9337be-9d08-4fe4-aa79-86797be8e8fc | a-receptor of estrogens are? | Membrane receptors in breast | Nuclear receptors in breast | Membrane receptors in ovaries | Nuclear receptors in ovaries | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Nuclear receptors in breast(Ref: Principles of medical physiologlt p. 777).Estrogen binds to nuclear receptors --> Estrogen receptors (ERs) | Physiology | null |
f63f22bd-7623-4256-a0d1-f5ffc82e09ab | Which of the following is an exclusive 5-HT 1F receptor agonist approved by FDA for treatment of acute migraine attack? | Rimegepant | Lasmiditan | Eletriptan | Dosulepin | 1b | single | Lasmiditan has been approved by FDA in October 2019 for acute treatment of migraine attack which is a selective 5-HT 1F receptor agonist. The triptans were designed to stimulate selectively subpopulations of 5-HT receptors; at least 14 different 5-HT receptors exist in humans. The triptans are potent agonists of 5-HT1B... | Medicine | C.N.S |
cface494-0e42-4f5c-a090-d06b389c8db7 | A person of 60 years age is suffering from myositis ossificans progressive. The usual cause of death would be - | Nutritional deficiency | Bed sore | Lung disease | Septicemia | 2c | single | Severe restrictive chest wall disease reduces pulmonary volumes and predisposes to right ventricular dysfunction (cor pulmonale).
Cardiopulmonary failure may lead to premature death. | Orthopaedics | null |
4423b336-9d6b-4da0-bf57-56d45cf354a8 | Lacunar infarcts manifests as - | Pure sensory weakness | Pure motor weakness | Dysarthria | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
f5d6c9da-7c19-458b-8008-9faaffab9aab | Genital ulcers are seen in all except - | H. aegyptius | H. ducreyi | HSV | Chlamydia | 0a | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
4c084b55-afd9-4f19-b99d-ad0c5dcd0568 | Wormian bones are seen in all except ? | Fibrous dysplasia | Osteogenesis inperfecta | Cretinism | Rickets | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fibrous dysplasia Wormian bones Wormian bones are extra bone pieces that occur within a suture in the cranium. These are irregular isolated bones which appear in addition to the usual centers of ossification of the cranium. They occur most frequently in the course of the lambdoid suture. Causes of wor... | Surgery | null |
8f73c214-4f86-40c6-bc88-718cc34b9f73 | Site of RBC formation in 20-year-old healthy male is | Flat bones | Long bones | Liver | Yolk sac | 0a | single | RBC formation in 20-year-old healthy adult takes place in flat bones. It also occurs in end of long bones.RBC formation during mesoblastic stage (3rd week to 3rd month) of intrauterine life takes place in yolk sac.RBC formation during hepatic stage (after 3 months) of intrauterine life takes place in liver.Ref: Medical... | Physiology | Cardiovascular system |
c1cb9416-3bc8-44b2-8c1c-1433b8891fe2 | Which of the following is an analgesic which does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis? | Nefopam | Tenoxicam | Ketorolac | Piroxicam | 0a | single | Nefopam is nonopioid analgesic and does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis relieves traumatic, postoperative, sho lasting musculoskeletal pain produce anticholinergic and sympathomimetic side effects Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed ESSENTIALS OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY;7TH EDITION;KD TRIPATHI;PAGE NO 208 | Pharmacology | Autacoids |
1e0d43d9-5e26-4ac8-ab31-e06cc4b89ec9 | Biopsy from parathyroid gland from a 55-year old male who presented to nephrology department of AIIMS has been shown below. He is a known case of chronic kidney disease with hypertension and type II diabetes. He has recently developed bone pain, lesions in skin and recurrent stones in kidney | Water clear cells in parathyroid hyperplasia | Water clear cells in parathyroid Ca | TB parathyroid | Parathyroid Necrosis | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Water clear cells in parathyroid hyperplasia.*The given histology shows abundant optically clear cells of variable size (hyperplasia and hypertrophy), with spherical clear vacuoles surrounded by thin eosinophilic material; basal nuclei, compact or alveolar patterns. | Pathology | Endocrine |
89402e30-0636-4b9b-a976-72921cbea25f | A sample to look for uric crystal (Gouty tophus) would be submitted to the pathology laboratory in: | Formalin | Distilled water | Alcohol | Normal saline | 2c | single | C i.e. Alcohol | Forensic Medicine | null |
7ec3e7e3-3ef0-4f0d-95c3-e2bd7640605d | Which of the following is a "Fenestrated hip prosthesis"? | Bipolar prosthesis | Austin Moore prosthesi | Thompson prosthesis | All | 1b | multi | ANSWER: (B) Austin Moore prosthesisREF: Essential Handbook of Practical Orthopedic Examination, By Dr. Kaushik Banerjee, page 146Bipolar prosthesis is used for total hip replacement (THR) while the Austin Moore and Thompson both are used for hemiarthroplasty. Bipolar prosthesis can be both fenestrated and non-fenestrat... | Orthopaedics | Avascular Necrosis & Osteochondroses |
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