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2b12b6ca-98ff-42a1-b87b-9858a7a1a034 | Which of the following statements about Pancreatic Carcinoma is not true : | Mutation in P53 gene is associated in 75% of cases | Hereditary Pancreatitis significantly increases the risk | Median survival in locally advanced (stage III) disease is 3- 6 months | Five year survival after curative pancreaticoduodenectomy is 15 - 20% | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Median Survival in locally advanced (stage III) disease is 3- 6 months) Median survival of locally advanced (Stage III) disease is 6-10 months and not 3-6 months. Median survival of 3-6 months is a feature of Metastatic Stage IV disease. Median survival in locally advanced disease (stage III) is 6 - 10 mon... | Medicine | null |
fe89aa29-6bc3-49d8-86d1-db46064275fe | Rhabdomyosarcoma histologic variant with ourable prognosis is: | Embryonal | Alveolar | Mixed | Prognosis is equally bad in all | 0a | multi | The prognosis for rhabdomyosarcoma is related to the site of origin, resectability, presence of metastases, number of metastatic sites, and histopathologic features. Primary sites associated with more orable prognoses include the orbit and nonparameningeal head and neck, paratestis and vagina (nonbladder, nonprostate g... | Surgery | null |
ae94c6db-a7b3-4f01-bd5e-08e5bc0cfdbb | The willful failure of parent or guardian to seek and follow-through with treatment necessary to ensure a level of oral health essential for adequate function and freedom from pain and infection is a definition of: | Munchausen syndrome by proxy | Emotional abuse | Parental corruption | Neglect | 3d | single | Munchausen syndrome by proxy is a condition in which a person, usually a parent, presents factitious symptoms and illnesses in a child, which may result in extensive testing and/or hospitalizations.
Examples of emotional abuse include denial of affection, isolation, extreme threats, and corruption.
A parent who knowin... | Dental | null |
54da3c6d-a661-484d-9279-022019438fdd | A 19-year-old man has early fatigue and muscle cramps while playing sports. He is fine when walking or doing light levels of work. On examination, he appears well and the muscle strength in the proximal muscles is normal. There is no muscle fatigue with repetitive arm grip exercises. After an exercise stress test, his ... | Gaucher's disease | Tay-Sachs disease | McArdle's disease (glycogen storage disease) | hemochromatosis | 2c | single | There are many types of glycogen storage diseases, each caused by a different enzymatic abnormality. The best-known types of glycogen storage disease are those that have hepatic-hypoglycemic pathophysiology (e.g., von Gierke's disease) or those that have muscle energy pathophysiology (McArdle's disease). In McArdle's s... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
e8af01ad-e3e3-4544-a313-f88928f08c6d | Anterior ethmoidal nerve suplies all except: | Maxillary sinus | Interior of nasal cavity | Dural sheath of anterior cranial fossa | Ethmoidal air cells | 0a | multi | Maxillary sinus Maxillary sinus is not supplied by ant. ethmoidal nerve.Anterior ethmoidal nerve is the branch of the nasociliary nerve; a branch of ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve.Ant. ethmoidal nerve supplies- Dura mater of ant. cranial fossa- Ethmoidal sinuses- Roof of the nasal cavity- Anterior pa of the la... | Anatomy | null |
423e6a9e-f87c-4e18-aeea-495921755f0a | The following is a feature of Korsakoff's psychosis: | Confabulation | Encephalopathy | Ophthalmoplegia | Hallucination | 0a | multi | Ans. a. ConfabulationRef: Kaplan Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2018 of Psychiatry;WERNICKE VERSUS KORSAKOFF SYNDROMES Wernicke syndromesKorsakoff syndromesCourseAcuteChronicReversibilityYesNoPresentationAtaxia, nystagmus, and ophthalmoplegiaConfusion, psychosis, anterograde and retrograde amnesiaTreatmentThiamineThiamine | Psychiatry | Substance Abuse |
fbdfe4a7-e0a4-4921-8839-4f32762a2187 | Parklands formula used for Burn's resuscitation is: | 4 mL/kg/% TBSA | 5 mL/kg/% TBSA | 6 mL/kg/% TBSA | 8 mL/kg/% TBSA | 0a | single | a. 4mL/kg/%TBSA(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 572, Ghai 8/e p 294-295)For most children with burns, the Parkland formula is an appropriate starting guideline for fluid resuscitation.According to it, 4mL lactated Ringer solution/kg/% BSA burned is usedHalf of the fluid is given over 1st 8 hr, calculated from the time of onset of... | Pediatrics | Fluid and Electrolyte Treatment of Specific Disorders |
3cb4fd57-44c2-40be-b099-40f87ad9cecb | Maximum reabsorption of water occurs in which part ofkidney- | Proximal convoluted tubule | Distal convoluted tubule | Cortical collecting duct | Medullary collecting duct | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Proximal convoluted tubule o Most of the solutes and water are maximally absorbed in proximal tubule :-i) 60-70% of Na+ is reabsorbed along with 60-70% of Cl-ii) 60-70% of K+ is reabsorbediii) 60-70% of water is reabsorbediv) All the (100%) glucose and amino-acids are absorbedv) About 80-90% of bicarb... | Physiology | Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion |
27c2f88e-3f2a-4d64-b5b3-430f34a8d72f | A woman is said to be have Menorrhagia in case the menstrual blood loss is MORE than what quantity? | 20 ml | 40 ml | 60 ml | 80 ml | 3d | single | Ans. D. 80mlMenorrhagia is a term widely used for the loss of more than 80ml of blood per cycle and frequently producing anemia. Predictors of menorrhagia includes bleeding that leads to anemia with deficiency of iron or a need of transfusion, passage of clots more than 1-inch diameter and changing pad or tampon more t... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Obs) |
73682c6e-7d69-48ba-8c4d-2bb4743db8d1 | An 80 year old asymptomatic woman was detected to have a monoclonal spike on serum electrophoresis (IgG levels 1.5 g/dl). Bone marrow revealed plasma cells of 8%. The most likely diagnosis is: | Multiple myeloma | Indolent myeloma | Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance | Waldenstorm's macroglobulinemia | 2c | single | Answer is C (Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance) 'Patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unceain significance have < 10% bone marrow plasma cells, and < 3g / dl of M component', Presence of 8% bone marrow plasma cells and 1.5 gm/dl of M component in the form of IgG in this patient thus lead us to the above d... | Medicine | null |
c63c1764-d2d5-42d6-a23c-c730d0a1a53a | Thymoma with hypogammaglobulinemia is also known as: | Goods syndrome | Capgras syndrome | Fregoli syndrome | Todd syndrome | 0a | single | Thymoma with hypogammaglobulinemia : Good's syndrome. The Capgras syndrome is a disorder in which a person thinks that a friend, spouse, parent, or other close family member has been replaced by an identical impostor. Fregoli syndrome is the delusional belief that one or more familiar persons, usually persecutors follo... | Medicine | null |
639ff782-44b1-48ea-bd83-63e0c1d2c1ac | Mee's line on nail is diagnostic of ? | Lead poisoning | Arsenic poisoning | White phosphorus poisoning | Mercury poisoning | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Arsenic poisoning Chronic arsenic poisoning First stage of gastrointestinal & nutritional disturbance: Gradual emaciation is earliest sign Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea & abdominal cramps Second catarrhal stage Features of common cold, bronchial catarrhal, coughing & hoarseness Third stage of ... | Forensic Medicine | null |
9953dd26-635c-4ccb-acc5-986d3f25bde9 | Most common organism causing meningitis in a 1 year old child is: | Streptococcus pneumoniae | H. influenza | Listeria | Neisseria meningitidis | 0a | single | The common organisms causing acute bacterial meningitis in the neonatal period are E.coli, Streptococcus pneumonia, Salmonella species, Pseudomonas aeruoginosa, Streptococcus fecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Ref: Ghai Essential Pediatris - 6th Edition, Page 517; Nelson 17th Edition, Page 2308. | Pediatrics | null |
dedf5d3f-537b-4ee0-8588-98e17aed9a64 | All are TRUE about alpo syndrome, EXCEPT: | Hereditary nephropathy | Sensorineural hearing loss | Microscopic hematuria during early childhood | Renal failure occurs in 50% of affected males | 3d | multi | Alpo syndrome in its classic form is a hereditary nephropathy associated with 1. Sensorineural hearing loss and 2. Ocular manifestations. The characteristic renal features is persistent microscopic hematuria appearing in early childhood. Proteinuria is often absent in the early stages of the disease, but increases prog... | Medicine | null |
5001b8c0-07ab-4be3-8d23-4ab264bd013d | Tuberculin positive means? | Immunodeficient patient | Resistance to tuberculin protein | Patient is infected with mycobacterium | Patient is suffering from disease | 2c | single | A positive reaction to tuberculin test is generally accepted as evidence of past or present infection by M.tuberculosis. Reference; Park&;s Textbook of preventive and social medicine, 24th edition.Pg no. 195 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
98c94db9-53ab-4cad-92ad-b244c6956d89 | Splenectomy is contraindicated in which of the following haemolytic anemia: | Stomatocytosis | Elliptocytosis | Sickle cell disease | All of the above | 0a | multi | Stomatocytosis: This rare condition with autosomal dominant inheritance draws its name (mouth-like cells) from the fact that the normally round-shaped central pallor of red cells is replaced by a linear-shaped central pallor. Hemolysis is usually relatively mild. Splenectomy is contraindicated as it has been followed i... | Medicine | null |
29e8812d-cd4f-4143-be5b-5da4037dfa01 | A 13-year-old boy present with acute onset right scrotal pain. The pain is not relieved on the elevation of the scrotum and he has no fever or dysuria. The testis is enlarged and tender. His routine urinary examination is normal. There is no history of trauma. Which of the following is the most appropriate management - | Immediate exploration | Antibiotics | Psychiatric evaluation | Antibiotics and scrotal elevation | 0a | single | This is a case of torsion of the testis.
Torsion of the testis is a surgical emergency and needs immediate exploration if it cannot be relieved by manipulation. | Surgery | null |
8ed8ad41-652c-4688-99cb-534741d18a0a | Brodmann Area no. constitutes Wernicke’s area of speech | 41, 42, 22 | 22, 42, 39 | 42, 41, 44 | 22, 39, 40 | 3d | single | Wernicke’s area is sensory speech centre of brain. It is constituted by area no 22-auditory association area.
Area no 39-angular gyrus and Area no 40-supramarginal gyrus. | Anatomy | null |
d42b97a9-3a2d-4cfb-9c6c-48df3db4f5e6 | IVC pierces the diaphgram at what vertebral level - | T6 | T8 | T10 | T12 | 1b | single | Venacaval opening
- Level- T8
- At the central tendon of diaphragm
- Structures transmitted-
o Inferior vena cava
o Right phrenic nerve | Anatomy | null |
400e3f59-bb9b-4b87-ae1f-9b63d7690b13 | Intravenous furosemide is used for rapid control of symptoms in acute left ventricular failure. It provides quick relief of dyspnoea by: | Producing bronchodilation | Causing rapid diuresis and reducing circulating blood volume | Causing vasodilation | Stimulating left ventricular contractility | 2c | single | Furosemide is a high ceiling diuretic. Its major mode of benefit in acute pulmonary edema is vasodilation. Due to its vasodilatory action, it shifts the fluid from pulmonary to systemic circulation. This results in the rapid relief of symptoms Diuretic action develops later. | Pharmacology | Kidney |
df2f7581-0f94-4589-bba0-a77321e5921b | All are true lepromatous leprosy except – | Presence of globi | Subepidermal free zone | Decreased cell mediated immunity | Presence of granulomas subdermally | 3d | multi | Granuloma is seen in tuberculoid leprosy.
Skin and nerve biopsies in leprosy show
i) Tuberculoid granuloma → In tuberculoid leprosy.
ii) Diffuse macrophage infiltration loaded with bacilli in the faun of cigar bundles called globi → In lepronzatous leprosy.
Subepidermal zone of grenz is free of infiltrate (free sube... | Dental | null |
edf47d9f-0990-4dc2-9da0-8c3b549b6ca7 | Chassar Moir technique is used in: | VVF | Stress incontinence | Urethrocoele | Enterocoele | 0a | single | Techniques for repairing VVF:
Layer Technique
Latzko procedure (for fistulas following hysterectomy)
Chassar moir technique | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1520894b-84fa-47a3-9de3-af8b495127ca | Which of the following fibroids are not suitable for uterine artery embolization | Intramural fibroid | Subserosal fibroid | Cervical fibroid | pedunculated submucous fibroid | 3d | single | Pedunculated submucosal fibroids are not suitable for UAE because they can infarct and slough. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c16d2152-a98b-43e7-82c5-7fd5311416dc | Man had uncooked meat at dinner 3 days back, Now presenting with diarrhea. Stool examination shows coma shaped organism with RBC and WBC. Causative organism is ? | Vibrio cholerae | Shigella | Campylobacter jejuni | Yersinia enterocolitia | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Campylobacter jejuni This is a case of dysentery (RBC in stools along with WBC). Among the given options, 'b', 'c' and 'd' can cause dysentery. But, coma shaped organism is campylobactor jejuni. Based on the depth of intestinal invasion, there are different clinical manifestations of infection with or... | Microbiology | null |
956b64e3-7088-4a77-a3ee-30e825141571 | A 4-year-old girl sustained an isolated, closed, diaphyseal fracture of her left femur in a motor vehicle accident. The fracture was transverse with approximately 1.5 cm of shoening. The most appropriate definitive management of this fracture is NOT RELATED-OHO | Skeletal traction | Immediate application of a hip spica cast | Skeletal traction for 2 weeks followed by application of a hip spica cast | External skeletal fixation | 1b | single | Isolated, closed femoral shaft fractures in children under 10 years of age are best managed by immediate closed reduction and application of a spica cast. | Pharmacology | All India exam |
c694592f-ece8-47e0-8a36-7417fa67035c | Dentin bonding agents usually contain | Only hydrophobic component | Only hydrophilic component | Hydrophobic and hydrophilic component | lyophilic and lyophobic component | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
07b4e829-fd83-4559-87ff-9e27d0c52dff | False about Brucellosis | Also known as undulant fever | B. melitensis is most virulent | Incubation period is 1-3 weeks | Antibiotic of choice is Ampicillin | 3d | multi | Antibiotic of choice: Tetracycline 500mg QID x 3 weeks. | Medicine | null |
7e27dbab-f134-4b73-a57a-b73ab3963802 | Which of the following is not a recognized treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome? | Nerve stimulation therapy. | Steroid injection. | One-portal endoscopic surgical release. | Two-portal endoscopic surgical release. | 0a | single | Ans. A. Nerve stimulation therapyIf symptoms are not severe and there is not significant and progressive neuropathy, then non-operative management must be considered. This includes splint age, hand therapy, steroid injection and even yoga has been proven to be beneficial. Alternatively, a patient could be referred for ... | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries |
e89eddf9-12a1-4419-bb11-5db3b2b44a8b | A 71-year-old man is seen with low-grade fever, generalized malaise, and a run-down feeling. He has lost weight and shows stigmata of chronic illness. There is no history of occupational exposure. On physical examination, vital signs are as follows: pulse 110 bpm; temperature 99degF; respirations 19/min; blood pressure... | Silicosis | Miliary TB | Metastatic thyroid carcinoma | Sarcoidosis | 1b | single | This x-ray shows a bilateral diffuse miliary nodular pattern involving both lung fields with no loss of volume. Characteristically, miliary nodules are less than 4 mm in size. They are generally noncalcified and diffuse and are seen in many conditions, such as TB/fungal infections/pneumoconiosis and ceain malignancies ... | Radiology | Respiratory system |
9d972f2c-dc08-4894-920b-bbd4ac89701c | Incubation period of plasmodium vivax is - | 5-7 days | 7-10 days | 8-17 days | 15-30 dasy | 2c | single | Incubation period For falciparum malaria : 9-14 days Vivax malaria : 8-17 days Quaan malaria : 18-40 days Ovalr malaria : 16-18 days Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition , page 260 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
b6471a2e-37d5-48c8-b393-462b3cb96e48 | Wermer syndrome is | MEN1 | MEN IIA | MEN IIB | AIP | 0a | single | Wermer syndrome is otherwise known as Multiple Endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). It is characterised by primary hyperparathyroidism,endocrine tumours of pancreas, and abnormalities of pituitary (primarily prolactinoma). It is due to germline mutation of MEN1 tumour suppressor gene,which encodes a protein called menin... | Pathology | Endocrinology |
5e5dc382-71e8-4e7c-a7d2-a8af7536f7f2 | HDL is called good cholesterol because - | Removes cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues | Causes transport of cholesterol to extrahepatic tissues | Stimulate hepatic TGs synthesis | Activates lipoprotein lipase | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Removes cholesterol from extrahepatic tissueso The HDL particles are referred to as scavengers because their primary role is to remove free (unesterified) cholesterol from extrahepatic tissues, which is then excreted through bile. This is crucial mechanism that prevents the inappropriate accumulation ... | Biochemistry | Cholesterol and Lipoproteins |
e38e63c0-c512-4ac9-bbcc-82655d38957d | Glass ionomer cements are composed of | Aluminosilicate powder and phosphoric acid | Aluminosilicate powder and polyacrylate | Zinc oxide powder and phosphoric acid | Zinc oxide powder and polyacrylate liquid | 1b | single | Glass-ionomer cement is often known as a biomimetic material, because of its similar mechanical properties to dentine.
Synonyms
Poly (alkenoate) cement
GIC (glass ionomer cement)
ASPA (alumino silicate polyacrylic acid)
Ref: Mannapalli ed 3 pg 67 | Dental | null |
7a13691d-a36b-472f-a046-725e0c020208 | Voluntary retrusion of mandible in closed mouth is done by which muscles? | Anterior belly of digastric | Posterior fibers of temporalis | Posterior belly of digastric | Deep fibers of masseter | 1b | single | null | Anatomy | null |
85299746-699b-4081-a8e4-8d1729c6653b | The boundaries of the interconnection between greater sac and lesser sac of peritoneum known as 'Foramen of Winslow' are all, EXCEPT: | Caudate lobe of liver | Inferior vena cava | Free border of lesser omentum | 4th pa of Duodenum | 3d | multi | Interconnection between greater sac and lesser sac of peritoneum is known as Foramen of Winslow. It has the following boundaries: Superior boundary: Caudate lobe of liver Anterior boundary: Free edge of lesser omentum containing common bile duct, hepatic aery andpoal vein. Inferior boundary: First pa of duodenum Poster... | Anatomy | null |
55bf946c-9269-4a3d-b641-d51616364177 | Mondors disease involves which of the following | Axilla | Neck | Thymus | Breast | 3d | single | Mondor's disease Thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of the anterior chest wall and breast although it has also been seen in the arm. Frequently involved veins are a lateral thoracic vein, thoracoepigastric vein and superficial epigastric veins, Aeology is unknown o Also known as 'string phlebis\ it presents as a... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
94789f5f-9484-4c74-837e-f24464876d18 | Placenta has : | 1 aery + 2 veins | 2 aeries + 1 vein | 2 aeries + 2 veins | 3 aeries + 3 veins | 1b | single | 2 aeries + 1 vein | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
7ec8d240-1534-4ae0-9c0e-2808f81f41b2 | Diameter of the optic disc is: | 1.5 mm | 2.5 mm | 3.5 mm | 5 mm | 0a | single | Ans. 1.5 mm | Ophthalmology | null |
b004ef65-f7ff-4578-bd30-127ad66680c3 | The antiulcer agent detaches and kills H. Pylori organism and prevent relapses is | Colloidal Bismuth | Pirenzipine | Misoprostol | Sucralfate | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
f71f1cd0-085b-4f39-925c-50921dce982c | What of the following is essential for tumour metastasis? | Angiogenesis | Tumorogenesis | Apoptosis | Inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity | 0a | single | . Angiogenesis | Pathology | null |
2682372e-d2f8-4ea5-bf47-eee386b043fe | In which of the following patients would Enalapril be the best 1st line drug for high blood pressure control? | A 62 year old man with renal aery stenosis | A 30 year old pregnant female | A 40 year old woman with hyperkalaemia | A 60 year old diabetic woman | 3d | single | ACE inhibitors have been shown to reduce moality in chronic hea failure, hypeension, and diabetic renal disease * ACE inhibitors and ARBs increase the risk of hyperkalemia in CKD and with supplemental K+ or K+-sparing drugs. ACE inhibitors and ARBs should be discontinued during pregnancy as they cause fetal kidney dama... | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
cb83201a-5bf4-4647-8cb1-7f9a1410cd0f | A 35-year-old man undergoes gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma. Gross examination of the resected stomach reveals diffuse thickening without a discrete mass lesion. Microscopic exam shows an infiltration of signet-ring cells dispersed singly. Family history reveals that his father had a similar cancer at a young age. Wh... | APC | CDH1 | PMS2 | p53 | 1b | single | - Mutation in CDH1, the gene encoding the cellular adhesion protein E-cadherin. - E-cadherin mutations account for a significant propoion of familial gastric cancers and Lobular carcinoma of the breast. OTHER OPTIONS: - APC is mutated in the majority of colorectal adenocarcinomas & intestinal type of gastric cancer. - ... | Pathology | Stomach |
1fbfcc88-c9fc-4551-9480-11774546e6b0 | Constant PR inverval is seen in- | First degree block | Second degree - Mobiz type I block | Second degree - Mobiz type II block | Third degree block | 0a | single | constant PR interval is a feature of first degree hea block second and third degree hea block doesnt have constant intervals Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1534 | Medicine | C.V.S |
e90c4404-19c0-4836-8d4c-7e5e9bdb3093 | Anuria is defined as urine output less than | 4ml/hr | 8ml/hr | 12ml/hr | 16ml/hr | 0a | single | Anuria is nonpassage of urine, in practice is defined as passage of less than 100milliliters of urine in a day. Anuria is often caused by failure in the function of kidneys. It may also occur because of some severe obstruction like kidney stones or tumours. It may occur with end stage renal disease. It is a more extrem... | Medicine | Kidney |
aecab212-bbec-4898-8437-23e9bde6e87e | After suxamethonium 50 mg, apnea persists for one hour – | Treatment with cholnesterase is indicated | Probably an atypical cholinesterase is present | Treatment with stored blood is indicated | Apnea may be due to low serum potassium concentration | 1b | single | Sch can cause prolonged apnea in patients with low plasma cholinesterase (pseudocholinesterase) or atypical (nonfunctional) pseudocholinesterase. The best management is to provide mechanical ventilation, maintain anaesthesia, continue monitoring and wait for spontaneous recovery.
If spontaneous recovery does not occu... | Anaesthesia | null |
e147e2ac-09a8-48da-9d81-b433656a39b1 | School of fish appearance is characteristic of: | Bordetella peussis | Yersinia enterocolitica | Haemophillus ducreyi | Legionella | 2c | single | Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Haemophillus ducreyi | Microbiology | null |
b47f57e9-8fac-4fdc-a22e-21df75ff8060 | A middle age male patient met with a road traffic accident & is brought to emergency in an unconscious state. CT abdomen reveals a splenic laceration, emergency splenectomy is done & patient is shifted to ICU. His BP remains low in post op period even after a bolus of normal saline. O/E- he is afebrile, has moon like f... | Return to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy | Administer hydrocoisone 100 mg IV | Administer vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam | Perform MRI of the spine. | 1b | multi | Moon like facies, central obesity & abdominal striae are signs of glucocoicoid excess - endogenous (Cushing syndrome)/ exogenous. A physiologic stressor (trauma) may trigger adrenal crisis. Acute adrenal insufficiency requires immediate initiation of rehydration (saline infusion at initial rates of 1 L/hr) with continu... | Medicine | Cushing Syndrome |
3b8cc6ec-bbd1-49c1-804e-eb23222f4c33 | All of the following causes hyperglycemia, EXCEPT | Thiazide | Diazoxide | Theophylline | Pentamidine | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' Theophylline Theophylline causes hypoglycemia List of drugs causing hyperglycemia. Diazoxide* Ethacrynic acid* Furosemide* Glucocorticoids* Pentamidine* Thiazides* Oral contraceptives* Niacin Growth hormone Asparaginase Note : Pentamidine causes both hypo and hyperglycemia (Mechanism: Pentamidine causes lys... | Unknown | null |
b8c4c221-882b-45b7-8a28-f0ac4d1b136b | Dentigerous cyst arises from- | An unerupted tooth | Apex of an infected tooth | Nasopalatine cysts | Solitary bone cyst | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
4ad35a9e-140a-47a4-aacc-96184529b3b8 | Drug of choice for hypertension with osteoporosis: | ACE inhibitors | Beta-blockers | Thiazide diuretics | Loop diuretics | 2c | single | Thiazide diuretics open K+ channels and lead to direct vasodilation along with diuretic action. It also increases calcium absorption and hence used in hypertension with osteoporosis. | Pharmacology | null |
e7190dda-6661-465f-924a-11516b3717c1 | Which is not done in septoplasty: | Elective hypotension | Throat pack | Nasal preparation with 10% cocaine | None | 3d | multi | Management of Deted Septum Minor degrees of septal detion not causing any symptoms do not require any treatment. If the patient is more than 17 years of age then the patient is taken up for septal surgery. Any surgery on the septum or on the anterior 1/3rd of nose and adjacent area (e.g. septoplasty, rhinoplasty and Ca... | ENT | null |
11b8bcb4-b645-46fc-b2f5-ec98be41b57a | Initial investigation of choice for biliary obstruction | CT abdomen | ERCP | MRCP | USG | 3d | single | Ultrasonography Initial imaging modality of choice in obstructive jaundice It is operator dependent and may be suboptimal due to excessive body fat and intraluminal bowel gas USG can demonstrate Biliary calculi Size of GB and CBD Thickness of GB wall Presence of inflammation around GB Occasionally, presence of stones w... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
0cb3bce3-1cdb-4292-8f83-b11e86d31fe5 | Hemodialysis related complications are all of the following except: September 2008 | Altered cardiovascular dynamics | Anaphylactoid reaction | Hypeension | Muscle cramps | 2c | multi | Ans. C: Hypeension Complication of hemodialysis: Fever- Bacteremia, water-borne pyrogens, overheated dialysate Hypotension - Excessive ultrafiltration, cardiac arrhythmia, air embolus, pericardial tamponade; hemorrhage (gastrointestinal, intracranial, retroperitoneal); anaphylactoid reaction Hemolysis- Inadequate remov... | Medicine | null |
99e13bd6-eee3-4701-8890-f55b39f1e148 | Disease not covered under Integrated disease surveillance project (IDSP) is ? | Meningococcal disease | Tuberculosis | Herpes zoster | Cholera | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Herpes zoster Integrated disease surveillance project (IDSP) IDSP is a decentralized state based surveillance system intended to detect early warning signals of impending outbreaks and helps initiate an effective response in a timely manner in urban and rural areas. It will also provide essential data... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
c3a0e7f0-af17-4eec-84bb-142aefa8568f | All are features of Ureaplasma urealyticum except - | Non gonococcal urethritis | Salphingitis | Epididymitis | Bacterial vaginosis | 1b | multi | null | Microbiology | null |
6b6abb7b-09b8-4ac1-a2b6-e6dba3625b7b | Which is the best temperature for putrefaction? | - 10 degrees C | 0 degrees C | 30 degrees C | 50 degrees C | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 30 degrees C * Putrefaction is the last stage in resolution of body from the inorganic to organic state and is a certain sign of death.* The putrefaction is due to:i) Autolysis:# The enzymes of the body, break down the dead body causing proteolysis, lipolysis and glycolysis.ii) Bacterial enzymes:# Aer... | Forensic Medicine | Death and Investigations |
0f371851-da41-464a-9227-246ca85e0cd6 | Tracheal bifurcation on X-ray corresponds to | T5T6 | T4T5 | Sternal angle | All | 3d | multi | A i.e. T5T6; B i.e. T4 T5; C i.e. Sternal angle | Radiology | null |
91968cda-f407-4d81-aa56-a0cb2bfba390 | Which of the following drugs is not used for H. pylon treatment? | Oxytetracycline | Bismuth compounds | clarithromycin | Omeprazole | 0a | single | H. pylori is a gram negative bacillus uniquely adapted to survival in the hostile environment of stomach. Antimicrobials that have been found clinically effective against H. pylori are: amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline and metronidazole/ tinidazole. (Essentials of pharmavology KD Tripathy,6th edition,pg no.637... | Pharmacology | Gastrointestinal tract |
05e6c69f-4126-48cd-b556-4a588b540b0e | Which of the following is NOT TRUE about meralgia paresthetica? | Meralgia paresthetica consists of pain, tingling & numbness with weakness in the lateral aspect of thigh | It occur as a result of entrapment of the nerve in the fascia just medial to ASIS | It can also occur during Pregnancy when it remits spontaneously after pregnancy is completed | Treatment include nonspecific, analgesic, local hydrocoisone etc. sometimes surgical decompression | 0a | multi | Meralgia paresthetica consists of pain, tingling & numbness without weakness in the lateral aspect of thigh that is supplied by lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh Meralgia paresthetica consists of pain, tingling & numbness without weakness in the lateral aspect of thigh that is supplied by lateral cutaneous nerve of thig... | Surgery | null |
59ca9e28-b018-4546-9776-27189d4fe471 | Diopteric power of eye - | +20D | -20D | +60D | -60D | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., + 60D o In schematic model, the optical system of eye behaves like a combination of lenses.o The reduced schematic eye treats the eye as if it were a single refracting element consisting of an ideal spherical surface separating tw o media of refractive indices of 1.00 (air in external environment) and... | Ophthalmology | Techniques of Ocular Examination and Diagnostic Tests |
e1be7c73-27ab-4c40-a657-3077fe5af36c | Wood's lamp light is used in the diagnosis of – | Tinea capitis | Candida albicans | Histoplasma | Cryptococcus | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
ed269719-33c5-457c-b4ba-b1be3b4daf08 | Potassium sparing diuretics - | Spironolactone | Triamterene | Amiloride | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Aldosterone antagonists Renal epithelial Ma+ channel inhibitors o Spironolactone o Eplerenone o Canrenone o Potassium canrenone o Pordenone o Mexrenone o Amiloride o Triamterene Classification: High efficacy diuretics (LOOP DIURETICS) (lnhibitors of Na+-K+-2Cl- - cotransport) Medium e... | Unknown | null |
defc7bb3-66f7-48cc-9efb-efd8f4fcdfe2 | Which of the following statement is/are not true about Dibucaine: | Shorter acting than tetracaine | Longer acting than tetracaine | More potent than tetracaine | More potent than bupivacaine | 0a | multi | Ans: A (Shorter,,.) DIBUCAINE"Dibucaine: Longest: acting local anesthetic, most potent & most toxic"- Ajay Yadov 2nd/110"DibucainefCin chocaine}:!t is the most potent, most toxic & longest acting LA It is used as a surface anaesthetic on less delicate mucous membrane (anal canal). Use for spinal anaesthesia of long dur... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous (Local and Regional Anesthesia) |
dbfc4eae-3e09-466e-be4f-06f19f02f440 | All the following are true about pseudomembranous colitis except. | Clostridium difficile is the agent | Diarrhoea is the most common manifestation | Pseudomembrane formation | Vancomycin is responsible | 3d | multi | Oral vancomycin is the DOC for pseudomembranous colitis. | Microbiology | null |
e4803132-7591-4065-920a-98a7fed4ed5b | True about bronchial adenoma | 10-15% of all lung tumour | Mostly malignant | Recurrent haemoptysis | Peripherally located | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Reccurrent haemoptysis | Surgery | null |
15fa8c16-acc8-467a-9934-bd23b22feb21 | Swimming pool conjunctivitis is caused by - | Pseudomonas | Coxsackievirus | Chlamydia | Mycoplasma | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Chlamydia * Inclusion conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia trachomatis is seen sexually active people due to transmission from the genitalia to eye by autoinfection. The infection is also acquired from bathing in contaminated unchlorinated swimming pools and, hence, this disease is also known as swimmin... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
44b77c88-2e49-4e8f-8243-35e01b58c459 | Facial skeleton develops from | Neural crest | Paraxial mesoderm | Intermediate mesoderm | Lateral plate mesoderm | 0a | single | The viscerocranium forms the facial skeleton and the major pa of which develops from mesenchyme derived from 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches.The lacrimal and nasal bones are derived from neural crest cells. The paraxial mesoderm undergoes segmentation to form somitomeres and somites that fuher differentiate into scleroto... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
8fea3618-a394-40c9-91c9-614b164f720e | What is the most impoant role of bradykinin in acute inflammation- | Increase in vascular permeability | Vasodilatation | Mediation of pain | Bronchoconstriction | 0a | single | Functions of Bradykinin: Increases vascular permeability Contraction of smooth muscles Dilation of the blood vessels Pain when injected into the skin Out of these actions of bradykinin, the increase in vessel permeability is a better answer as it is the hallmark of acute inflammation ref robbins9th ed page 52 | Pathology | General pathology |
e350773e-b8a9-43b0-a57a-7d02cf4d8bd1 | Transvaginal USG can detect fetal cardiac activity in: | 6 weeks | 7 weeks | 8 weeks | 10 weeks | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e. 6 weeks Embryonic investigations suggest that cardiac contractions begin in fetus at 36 days gestational age.deg This is evident on : Transvaginal USG At 6 weeks of gestational age corresponding to 13 - 18mm of MSD Transabdominal USG At 8 weeks of gestational age corresponding to 25 mm of MSD. Note : MSD... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
86b8bb47-c350-4838-8159-a12163374e6f | A patient has been allegedly bitten by cobra snake. The venom in such a bite would be- | Musculotoxic | Vasculotoxic | Cardiotoxic | Neurotoxic | 3d | multi | null | Forensic Medicine | null |
d1f73109-f50c-452c-bec0-1f460c16fe21 | In 2 patients with Atherosclerosis, one is diabetic and other is non-diabetic. In relation to non-diabetic, diabetic patient has 100 times increased risk of ? | MI | Stroke | Lower Limb ischemia | Vertebrobasilar insufficiency | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
2fa64ffd-012c-406e-8947-1252d7d7b877 | All are RNA virus except: | Ebola virus | Vesicular stomatitis virus | Simian 40 | Rabies | 2c | multi | Ans. (c) Simian 40 SV 40 = Simian vacuolating virus 40 = Simian virus 40 It is a DNA viruses Its family is papovaviridae and genera is polyoma virus. It is oncogenic virus, causing cytopathic effects with prominent cytoplasmic vacoulation Remember: Simian virises 5, 41 are animal virus antigenically similar to paranflu... | Microbiology | null |
0ffc49d8-fdf0-4e5a-b836-14b853c091da | Most common type of pelvis in women is | Gynecoid | Anthrapoid | Android | Platypelloid | 0a | single | Caldwell (1939) repoed that the gynecoid pelvis was found in almost half of women.(Ref: William's Obstetrics; 25th edition) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
192bd05e-e5c3-4d2c-aadf-270e4e0d858a | Noradrenaline is major neurotransmitter in ? | Postganglionic parasympathetic fibres | Postganglionic sympathetic fibres except in sweat glands | Autonomic ganglia | Preganglionic autonomic fibres | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Postganglionic sympathetic fibres except in sweat glandsNeurotransmitter in all preganglionic autonomic nerves (both sympathetic and parasympathetic) is acetylcholine (A CH)Neurotransmitter in all ganglia (both sympathetic and parasympathetic) is acetylcholine.Neurotransmitter in postganglionic parasy... | Physiology | null |
5f9c16e9-cb4b-4a67-b522-a7c15990067d | What is the reason for following set of symptoms after prostatic Sx-restlessness, vomiting and change in sensorium ? | Electrolyte imbalance | Bladder neck obstruction | Acute pyelonephritis | Ureter stenosis | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' ie. Electrolyte imbalance | Surgery | null |
cc0577c3-7ea0-496f-abc0-8dcaf8a0005c | Which is a non absorbable suture ? | Polypropylene | Polyglycolic acid | Collagen | All | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Polypropylene | Surgery | null |
00213397-3426-4fac-8072-310539b27652 | Acid mucin is best demonstrated by the stain - | Alcian blue | Periodic Acid Schiff (P.A.S.) | Van Gieson | Reticulin | 0a | single | Mucin is produced by epithelial cells of mucous membrane & mucous glands, as well as by some connective tissues
Stains for mucin
Mucicarmine
Alcian blue.
Note :- Epithelial cell mucin stains positively with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), while connective tissue mucin does not. | Pathology | null |
42089eeb-5ef0-4321-980f-e358490f30f6 | In contact dermatitis the diagnostic method of choice is | Patch test | Skin biopsy | Intradermal test | Tzanck test | 0a | single | Patch testing is used to document sensitivity to a specific antigen. In this procedure, a battery of suspected "allergens" with control is applied to the patient's back under occlusive dressings and allowed to remain in contact with the skin for 48 hours. The dressings are then removed, and the area is examined for evi... | Dental | All India exam |
d256264f-e3b9-4217-8f92-62b5fe82686c | Which of the following is a generic term for a protein or glycoprotein released by one cell population that acts as an intercellular mediator? | image_question | image_question | image_question | image_question | 1b | single | Molecules that communicate among cells of the immune system are referred to as cytokine Cytokines are soluble molecules,although some also exist in membrane bound The interaction of cytokine with its receptor on a target cell can cause changes in expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors on the target me... | Microbiology | Immunology |
2574f9e5-09d9-4694-b92d-aa58b3921dd2 | Example of metallo enzyme is ? | Lysyl oxidase | Lysyl hydroxylase | Prolyl hydroxylase | Glucosyl transferase | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lysyl oxidaseLysyl oxidase is a metalloenzyme (copper containing | Biochemistry | null |
75a3309d-17be-4303-bf98-cd5e85d44945 | The bed of the stomach is not formed by-a) Left kidneyb) Left supra renal glandc) Splenic veind) Tail of pancreas | ab | bc | cd | ac | 2c | single | The posterior surface of stomach is related to structures forming the stomach bed, all of which are separated from stomach by the cavity of the lesser sac. These structures forming stomach bed are
Diaphragm,
left kidney,
left suprarenal (adrenal) gland,
pancreas (body),
transverse colon,
splenic flexure of colon and
... | Anatomy | null |
07a44e52-74da-440e-b879-a8ecd551d9a9 | Which type of immune responses responsible for caseation necrosis in TB?- | Cell-mediated immunity | Antibody mediated reaction | Allergic reaction | Immune complexes | 0a | multi | Type 4 or delayed hypersensitivity or T cell mediated reaction is an immune response without formation of antibodies but is instead a slow and prolonged response .examples:reaction against mycobacterium infection ,virally infected cell,malignant cells and organ transplantation.Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th editi... | Pathology | General pathology |
33b226b1-7d47-4b5c-829f-f9ba02934f5e | Platelate aggregation is caused by all, except - | Thromboxane A2 | Serotonin | Prostacyclin (PGI2) | Thrombin | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'C' i.e.. Prostacyclin (PGI,) o Factors promoting platelet aggregation : ADP, TXA2 epinephrine, serotonin, vWF, fibrinogen, collagen, immune complex, thrombin, thrombospondin. a Factors inhibiting platelet aggregation : PGI2, NO, endothelin, bradykinin. | Physiology | Blood: Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation |
1c521f73-50ae-43ce-8c08-f09c8827935e | Obesity Index defined as Height (cm) - 100 | BMI | Broca's Index | Ponderal Index | Corpulence Index | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
689a988d-860e-4d19-9baa-bdf6fda53c01 | Which of the following statements about Histamine is true: | Is found in Mast cells | Increases gastric acid secretion | Related to arousal and blood pressure | All of the above | 3d | multi | D i.e. All Histamine is formed by decarboxylation of amino acid histidineQ, and is found in mast cell, basophils, enterochromaffin like cells of gastric mucosa and brainQ. It has been related to arousal, sexual behaviourQ, regulation of secretion of some anterior pituitary hormones, blood pressure, drinking & pain thre... | Pathology | null |
8fe2532f-b7f3-4eef-81c5-79acab7d5055 | All of the following drugs are administered orally except- | Ciprofloxacin | Cotrimoxazole | Gentamicin | Amoxicillin | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Gentamicin o Aminoglycosides are not used orally. | Pharmacology | null |
0bcc7ed2-1c90-4577-99c8-51a1101b9ad1 | Figure of 8 in chest X Ray is seen in | Ebstein Anomaly | Total Anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) | Tetrology of fallot (TOF) | Transposition of great vessels (TGA) | 1b | multi | B i.e. Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) | Radiology | null |
d40d1022-eff7-4bd7-b365-d41c0ea1b891 | True about neonatal sepsis | Early sepsis is due to organism in maternal genital tract | Environmental factors cause late sepsis | Late sepsis is due to organism in maternal genital tract | Environmental factors cause early sepsis | 0a | multi | Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) (such as meningitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, or gastroenteritis) in the setting of fever. Older textbooks may refer to neonatal sepsis as "sepsis neonatorum". Referenc... | Pediatrics | New born infants |
a354309f-ccd1-4bca-ac98-6be6d4471eec | A distal extension partial denture receives its support | From terminal abutments | Equally from abutments and the residual ridges | Mostly from residual ridge | Exclusively from residual ridge | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
ad6a807a-0b3c-44bc-8c1a-04ff747d1672 | Neurologic examination reveals an extensor plantar reflex and hyperreflexia on the left side, a loss of pain and temperature sensation on the right side, ptosis and miosis on the left side. A lesion that causes this constellation of deficits would most likely be found in the: | Cervical spinal cord | Crus cerebri, right side | Lumbar spinal cord. | Paracentral lobule, left side. | 0a | single | Above symptoms point towards Brown-Sequard syndrome: hemisection of the cervical spinal cord- result in I/L Horner syndrome, I/L spastic paresis and C/L loss of pain and temperature sensation. Horner syndrome -always manifested on the ipsilateral side. Paracentral lobule control higher centres of micturation. | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy 3 |
bc975cba-62af-4f80-a51b-c44e3fb96e49 | A vasodilator is obtained after decarboxylation of: | Histidine | Arginine | Tyrosine | Glycine | 0a | single | Histidine on decarboxylation gives histamine which is a vasodilator. | Pharmacology | null |
94670355-ab10-474a-ade0-7e0231406d1a | Which findings are true in central retinal aery occlusion | Direct pupillary reflex-, RAPD + | Direct pupillary reflex +, RAPD + | Both absent | Scalloped pupil | 0a | multi | Central Retinal Aery Occlusion Signs Pale fundus & optic nerve head. Occasionally disc swelling Direct reflex absent, RAPD + Cherry red spot can be seen over macula Cattle trucking of veins Neovascularization (occasionally) | Ophthalmology | Retina |
1a0de4d1-a6a6-4da8-aeba-9fea9ba73435 | A mother brings her 5-month-old infant to the physician for a well-baby checkup. At this time the physician should expect to see | Stranger anxiety | A pincer grasp | Object permanence | Sitting with support | 3d | single | Sitting with support is normally seen in a 5-monthold infant. Stranger anxiety (fear of unfamiliar people) does not appear until approximately 7 months of age. A pincer grasp (using thumb and forefinger) appears at approximately 9 months of age, whereas object permanence (the ability to maintain a mental representati... | Unknown | null |
34588352-e1a8-475a-a81c-4f9a144963e7 | If the objective of the investigator is to assess the incidence of tuberculosis infection in a community, the most appropriate methodology would be to - | Identify all individuals with positive tuberculin test | Perform sputum examination of chest symtomatics | Identify new converters to Tuberculin test | Screen all under-five children with Tuberculin test | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Identify new converters to tuberculin test Incidence of infectionIt is the percentage of population under study who will be newly infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis among the non-infected of the preceding survey during the course of one year.Persons newly infected with mycobacterium T.B. can be ea... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
94d76fe5-d63a-4b3f-befa-0374a850f61e | In an uncomplicated twin pregnancy normal delivery should be attempted in the following situation : | First baby - Veex and second baby transverse lie | Both babies are breech presentation | First baby transverse lie and second longitudinal lie | First baby transverse lie and second frank breech | 0a | multi | First baby - Veex and second baby transverse lie | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b3fd52ec-8ba5-4bc5-a35c-dbb6cca44b4a | SS18-SSX1 gene is associated with | Liposarcoma | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Synol sarcoma | Ewing sarcoma | 2c | single | TumorCytogenetic AbnormalityGene fusionProposed functionSynol sarcomat(x;18)(p11;q11)SS18-SSX1SS18-SSX2SS18-SSX4Chimeric transcription factors, interrupts cell cycle controlReference: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease; 9th edition; Chapter 26; Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors | Pathology | Musculoskeletal system |
dc84331f-dcb0-4c69-9878-633eac9734dc | Difference between class II amalgam and cast restoration is | Bevels | Occlusal resistance form | Outline form | Proximal retention | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
dbf8d220-04ef-469c-8832-cff23be102cd | Increase in threshold level on applying subthreshold, slowly rising stimulus is known as | Adaptation | Accomodation | Refractoriness | Electrotonus | 1b | single | Accommodation- Slow rising subthreshold stimulus failing to produce action potential even when the normal threshold levels are reached. This occurs because of inactivation of voltage-gated Na+ channels.
Adaptation- Persistent application of suprathreshold stimulus fails to generate repetitive firing.
Refractoriness- A... | Physiology | null |
7ba15bc9-abe4-40d1-945e-621566db6257 | Cyst without lining is | Radicular cyst | Dentigerous cyst | Naso palatine duct cyst | Hemorrhagic / Traumatic bone cyst | 3d | single | null | Pathology | null |
d158d553-a0ae-4090-a7fd-93f1aacbcb7c | Mesothelioma associated with which variety of asbestos ? | Serpentine | Amphibole | Both the above | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amphibole Asbestos-Related DiseasesAsbestos is a family of proinflammatory crystalline hydrated silicates that are associated with pulmonary fibrosis, carcinoma, mesothelioma, and other cancers.There are two distinct geometric forms of asbestosi) Serpentine (chrysolite) - most of the asbestos used in ... | Pathology | null |
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