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e0e19c41-f1e1-4945-9aaf-88f502b90750 | True about anatomy of Fallopian tubes: | Length is 20 cm | Medial tolateral structures are isthmus, interstitial pa,ampulla & fimbrae | Medial tolateral structures are isthmus, interstitial pa, ampulla & fimbrae | All | 2c | multi | C i.e. Ovary is attached to uterus by ovarian ligament | Anatomy | null |
3b1662ff-c571-4178-8e72-68cc8d722481 | A 35 year old male presented with nasal discharge, facial pain and fever which subsided with a course of antibiotics and antihistaminics, which recurred again after 2 months. O/E mucopurulent discharge from middle meatus, and inflamed sinus openings, investigation of choice - | X-ray PNS | NCCT PNS | MRI of the face | Inferior meatal puncture | 1b | single | NCCT PNS is non-contrast Computerized Tomography of the Paranasal sinuses. It is a study to determine the status of the nose and sinuses and the extent of sinusitis. Mucosal thickening and the ostial block of all the sinuses means that there are signs of sinusitis or infection and that there is a sinus problem. It is t... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
67c7dd1c-f097-4793-b327-9c41cf928982 | Regarding alpha feto-protein true statement is : | Major source in fetal life is yolk sac | Commonly incrased in wilms tumour | Maximum level at 20th week | Half life 5-7 days | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. Major source in fetal life is yolk sac As discussed earlier : "AFP is synthesized early in gestation by the fetal yolk sac and later by the fetal GITand liver." No where it is given that major source is yolk sac so this statement (option "a") is paially correct. AFP levies are not increased in wilms tumo... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2016510d-f263-40ec-b8c7-7e3fab1f794a | Randomized controlled trials are - | Clinical trials | Preventive trials | Before and after comparison studies | Evaluation of Health Services | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Clincial trials | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b433a6f2-cde5-4b94-bfab-4abf1645feec | Prolong latent phase is/are seen in:a) Placenta praeviab) Unripe cervixc) Abruptio placentae d) Excessive sedatione) Early epidural analgesia | abc | ade | ace | bde | 3d | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b65cbf57-dc5c-464e-bb89-bb95d1afce81 | Which IPC includes vitriolage - | 318 | 319 | 320 | 321 | 2c | single | Vitriolage * Vitriolage means throwing of acid on the face or body of a person with a malicious intention to cause bodily harm or disfigurement or to cause blindness. * The term is derived from the practice of throwing sulfuric acid (oil of vitriol). However, it is broadly used to denote injury caused by throwing any c... | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
cec4376a-6aaa-4ec1-884f-76c22b351b7f | A female is on warfarin after her valve replacement surgery. All about warfarin are TRUE, EXCEPT: | Half-life is 36 hours | Crosses placenta | Contraindicated in hepatic failure | Inhibits all vitamin K dependent clotting factors | 2c | multi | Absolute contraindications of warfarin: Previous CNS bleeding Recent neurosurgery Active frank bleeding Early pregnancy and delivery Relative contraindications: Active peptic ulcer disease Chronic alcoholism Bleeding diathesis Severe hypeension Severity and type of liver disease may influence warfarin pharmacokinetics.... | Pharmacology | null |
0c2a639b-ecc4-4424-a02f-fc77f202d2bd | In central serous retinopathy, in the macular region, there occurs | Spontaneous detachment of neuro-sensory retina | Macular oedema | Detachment of pigment epithelium | Detachment of choroid | 0a | single | Ans. . Spontaneous detachment of neuro-sensory retina | Ophthalmology | null |
9f1e8a50-2bfd-4d07-a3c8-d235b44c68f1 | Fluoroquinolone with highest oral bioavilability:- | Levofloxacin | Gemifloxacin | Ciprofloxacin | Norfloxacin | 0a | single | Bioavailability : rate and extend to which an administered drug reaches the systemic circulation . Of the above mentioned drugs:- Levofloxacin has maximum bioavailability Norfloxacin has minimum bioavailability | Pharmacology | NEET 2019 |
92c2776c-56d3-407c-970d-974c15543b15 | A lesion of the ventrolateral part of the spinal cord will lead to the loss (below the level of the lesion) of | Pain sensation on the ipsilateral side | Proprioception on the contralateral side | Pain sensation on the contralateral side | Proprioception on the ipsilateral side | 2c | single | Sensations carried by the posterior column
- Proprioception, Vibration, kinesthesia, fine touch.
Sensations carried by the anterolateral column
- Temperature, pain (lateral) and crude touch (anterior)
Crossing over of fibers occurs in case of the anterolateral system. | Physiology | null |
3a01800c-9be6-43c9-a45a-12f0530803fe | The best radiographic view for TMJ is | Lateral oblique | PA view | Waters view | OPG | 3d | single | The panoramic image is a useful tool for providing a broad overview of the TMJ and surrounding structures. It serves the purpose of allowing the clinician to rule out gross disease, and for some patients, it is the only imaging required before conservative therapy is initiated. Gross osseous changes in the condyles may... | Radiology | null |
e788ab46-c97f-4008-8d55-c78a2f4726cd | An 8 year old child presented with signs of increased intracranial tension. Imaging studies showed a growth in the brain. Which is the commonest tumor in a child in the posterior fossa of head? | Astrocytoma | Medulloblastoma | Craniopharyngioma | Meningioma | 1b | single | Medulloblastoma arises in the posterior pa of the cerebellar vermis and neuroepithelial roof of the fouh ventricle in children. It accounts for 20 percent of childhood brain tumors. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor is the most common type of medulloblastoma. Most occur in the first decade of life, but there is a second ... | Pediatrics | null |
540481f4-8e47-4954-95cb-59f03ca54f7d | Paucity of pus is seen in | Quinsy | Ludwig's angina | Carbuncle | Milroy disease | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
0f75d8e1-86ab-4c08-93a9-dba34b3852b2 | Sequential steps for resective osseous surgery are | radicular blending, vertical grooving, flattening interproximat bone, gradualizing marginal bone | vertical grooving, flattening interproximal bone, gradualizing marginal bone, radicular blending | vertical grooving, radicular blending, flattening interproximal bone, gradualizing marginal bone | vertical grooving, radicular blending, gradualizing marginal bone, flattening interproximal bone | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
d636ae37-ce3d-4f67-aa76-59c2f2036dea | A patient presented with peripheral field loss and fundus examination shows waxy exudates & pale disc with pigmentation around retinal vessels, diagnosis is | Behcet's syndrome | Chorio- retinitis | Open angle glaucoma | Retinitis-pigmentosa | 3d | single | D i.e. Retinitis-pigmentosa | Ophthalmology | null |
f8b78cc3-7d4a-4e8a-b361-a1ec89a9a41a | Most common extra-cranial complication of ASOM is - | Facial nerve paralysis | Lateral sinus thrombosis | Mastoiditis | Brain abscess | 2c | single | null | ENT | null |
cebf746a-747c-465d-a206-7105fb3ce729 | Lesch - Nyhan Syndrome - associated with | Purine necleoside phosphorylase deficiency | Adenosine deaminase deficiency | Hypoxanthine - guanine phosphoribosyl transferase defect | Xanthine oxidase deficiency | 2c | single | It is X-linked inherited disorder of purine metabolismDeficiency of HGPase, so the rate of salvage pathway is decreased resulting in the accumulation of PRPP and decreased level of inhibitory purine nucleotide Disease is characterized by self-mutilation, mental retardation excessive uric acid and nephrolithiasis Ref: D... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
c98ffa4a-bf88-4296-a38a-7fc9aeb4e328 | Mould therapy is used in the treatment of: | Pelvic cancer | Lung cancer | Prostate cancer | Skin cancer | 3d | single | Ans: d (Skin cancer)Mould therapy is actually used in the treatment of penile carcinomas. But in the choices there was no penile cancer.As penile carcinoma can be considered as penile skin cancer and is squamous cell carcinoma, it better to go for the option skin cancer | Radiology | Radiotherapy |
0f3bfb0f-3d0b-491a-93b9-111e8204ee30 | In a firearm injury, there is burning, blackening, tattooing around the wound, along with a cherry red colour of the surrounding tissues and is cruciate in shape, the injury is - | Close shot entry | Close contact exit | Contact shot entry | Distant shot entry | 2c | single | This question is tricky. First see the information provided in the question:-
Burning, blackening, tattooing around the wound.
Cherry red colour of surrounding tissue.
Both these are features of close shot entry. But the other important information in question is the cruciate shape of entry wound, a feature of cont... | Forensic Medicine | null |
37335850-1c8c-4da7-994f-d29fa7f140b5 | Normal anion gap is (in mEq/L) ? | 5-Mar | 12-Oct | 18-20 | 25-30 | 1b | single | Ans. is `b' i.e., 10-12 | Physiology | null |
46e28757-470a-4c2c-b1ed-4b9b5b881777 | The most common injury in a 7 years old child due to fall on outstretched hand is | Dislocation of shoulder | Colles' fracture | Fracture of clavicle | Supracondylar fracture of humerus | 3d | multi | D i.e. Supracondylar fracture of humerus | Surgery | null |
abbb12eb-ec57-4ecd-85d8-9fa065e45369 | Oxygen dependent killing is done through which of the following enzymes? | NADPH oxidase | Super oxide dismutase | Catalase | Glutathione peroxidase | 0a | single | Oxygen dependent killing is done through NADPH oxidase, which oxidases NADPH and reduces oxygen to superoxide anion. Superoxide is then conveed to hydrogen peroxide by spontaneous dismutation. In presence of chloride, myeloperoxidase in neutrophils can conve hydrogen peroxide to hypochlorous acid, which is bactericidal... | Pathology | null |
87f64b48-c7a7-4cf9-b621-78b384f124e9 | Which of the following poison retards putrefaction: | Organophosphorus | Carbolic acid | Oxalic acid | Hydrogen-chloride | 1b | single | B i.e. Carbolic Acid | Forensic Medicine | null |
fcb0465d-4b66-43c3-a5d4-3c8abb861f99 | Which of the following is Virus-induced epithelial hyperplasia: | Molluscum contagiosum | Focal epithelial hyperplasia | Squamous papilloma | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Pathology | null |
06df9638-8d07-4a4c-83b2-5742bfd05447 | The given manifestation is the most common symptom of which of the following neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas? | Insulinoma | Glucagonoma | Gastrinoma | Somatostatinoma | 1b | single | The image shows Central necrosis & Peripheral Erythema "Necrolytic Erythema Migrans". It is the most common manifestation of Glucagonoma Glucagonoma / Hyperglycemic Cutaneous Syndrome. 4 D Syndrome Diabetes Mellitus - Dermatitis (M.C symptom) "Necrolytic Erythema Migrans" DVT Depression M.C site of tumor - Body & Tail ... | Surgery | Pancreas |
5594f7ff-9156-400a-805f-9122428ee3e5 | According to Eversole theory Salivary gland tumours arising from intercalated duct reserve cell are all except: | Pleomorphic adenoma. | Warthins tumor. | Mucoepidermoid carcinoma. | Acinic cell carcinoma. | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
4f115a92-73cf-4e1a-addd-ddbe41cd6327 | A woman complains of coloured haloes around lights in the evening, with nausea and vomiting, IOP is normal; Diagnosis is | Incipient stage glaucoma open angle | Prodromal stage, closed angle glaucoma | Migraine | Cluster Headache | 1b | single | B i.e. Prodromal stage of closed angle glaucoma In Prodromal (Latent) stage of angle closure glaucoma there occurs an attack of transient rise in IOP (40-60 mmHg) lasting for few seconds only Q. Such attacks are intermittent and are usually precipitated by overwork, anxiety, fatigue or due to dilation of pupil (as read... | Ophthalmology | null |
ca63552e-d612-4053-a880-39032f405234 | High - resolution CT of the lung is a specialized CT technique for greater detail of lung parenchyma and it utilizes: | Special lung filters | Thick collimation | Bone algorithm for image reconstruction | Large filed of view | 2c | single | C i.e. Bone - algorithm for image reconstruction | Radiology | null |
a13757e9-2180-4203-83e1-0e64f2c1bdb4 | Preferred shunt procedure in patient with poal hypeension having acceptable operative risk and adequate liver function is | End to side poocaval shunt | End to end poocaval shunt | Mesocaval shunt | Distal splenorenal shunt | 3d | single | Answer- D. Distal splenorenal shuntPoosystemic shunt procedures such as splenorenal shunt and mesocaval shunt, may be indicated in patients with complication of poal hypeension.Given the early occlusion rate and the need for constant surveillance, it is generally advised that TIPS should be reserved for Child C classif... | Surgery | null |
59028f08-8058-4adf-8546-bc1b259f7a6b | Thymic hyperplasia is seen in ? | Thymoma | Thymic lymphoma | Myasthenia gravis | Scleroderma | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Mysthenia gravisThymic hvperplasiaThe term thymic hyperplasia usually applies to the appearance of B-cell germinal centers within the thymus, a finding that is referred to as thymic follicular hyperplasia.Such B-cell follicles are present in only small numbers in the normal thymus.It can occur in a nu... | Pathology | null |
3e5f40d9-6f5b-4602-a149-493cec30376b | Last ocular muscle to be involved in Graves' disease- | Inferior rectus | Lateral rectus | Superior rectus | Inferior oblique | 3d | single | *Order of involvement (Mnemonic : IM SLO) :- Inferior rectus > medial rectus > superior rectus > Lateral rectus > obliques. Ref: Head & Neck Surgery 2nd/e p.1513 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
391e16b3-f70e-40fa-ada9-d99df609cda0 | Not included in Charcot's triad? | Fever | Pain | Jaundice | Gallbladder lump | 3d | multi | Gallbladder lump is not a component of Charcot's triad of ascending cholangitis secondary to CBD stones.The triad includes intermittent features like colicky pain,fever & jaundice. Reference:SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:651. | Surgery | G.I.T |
fae43903-edd5-4c4c-b305-abaa8c16af8f | Hydatidiform mole is principally a disease of: | Amnion | Chorion | Uterus | Decidua | 1b | multi | Ans. is b, i.e. ChorionRef. Dutta 7/e, p 190Now don't tell me you want me to explain this--H mole is a benign neoplasm of chorion with malignant potential | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gestational Trophoblastic Disease |
7b1592e5-fa2d-4e2a-ab0d-329a350f9da3 | Severity of pancreatitis can be best assessed by: | Serial Serum amylase | Stool trypsin levels | RANSON Score | ARDS development | 2c | single | Ans. (c) RANSON SCORERef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. /1128RANSON CRITERIAAt Admission* Age in years > 55 years* White blood cell count > 16000 cells/mm3* Blood glucose >10 mmol/L (> 200 mg/dL)* Serum AST > 250 IU/L* Serum LDH > 350 IU/LWithin 48 hours* Serum calcium < 2.0 mmol/L (< 8.0 mg/dL)* Hematocrit fall > 10%* Oxygen... | Surgery | Pathophysiology - Acute Pancreatitis |
012d749c-3aaa-4d9a-b008-17f8bd6ea699 | Frotteurism is: NEET 13 | Sexual pleasure is obtained by witnessing the act of urination | Sexual gratification by rubbing private pas | Sexual practise involving three people | Sexual pleasure in watching females getting undressed | 1b | single | Ans. Sexual gratification by rubbing private pas | Forensic Medicine | null |
dc529d4d-3c68-4b6f-a0c9-344101eda994 | What are the findings in USG, which suggests incompetent os:a) Cervical lengthb) External osc) Internal osd) Funneling of amniotic sace) AP length of cervix | abc | ad | bc | acd | 3d | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
79a8e38f-da8f-4902-b07b-f5bff909c92d | The following pedigree represents: | Osteogenesis imperfecta | Wilson’s disease | Alkaptonuria | Cystic fibrosis | 0a | single | The pedigree shows the Autosomal Dominant inheritance pattern.
The various autosomal dominant disease can be named as,
Mnemonic:
Vo Familial Hypercholesterolemia Autosomal DOMINANT Hai. | Pathology | null |
e4e21cd3-8731-4bf1-beed-658a48055ab2 | After use of some drug, a person develops episodes of rage in which he runs about and indiscriminately injures a person who is encountered in way. He is probably addict of- | Alcohol | Cannabis | Opium | Cocaine | 1b | single | Episodes of rage in which the person runs about and injures others is suggestive of running amok, which is seen in Cannabis abuse. | Psychiatry | null |
3797d81d-df01-4109-acd1-34647f927ea0 | Mitral cells and periglomerular cells are seen in | Medulla | Olfactory bulb | Primary visual coex | Geniculate body | 1b | single | In the olfactory bulbs, the axons of the olfactory sensory neurons contact the primary dendrites of the mitral cells and tufted cells to form anatomically discrete synaptic units called olfactory glomeruli. The olfactory bulbs also contain periglomerular cells, which are inhibitory neurons connecting one glomerulus to ... | Physiology | Nervous system |
8e64f676-692e-43e1-ae92-6f956843e9ec | Most commonly used approach for retrosternal goitre:- | Transthoracic second intercostal space | Trans-sternal through anterior mediastinum | Transcervical | Axillary approach | 2c | single | Retrosternal goitre: - >50% thyroid tissue located below neck - A.K.A i. Sub-sternal Goitre ii. Mediastinal Goitre Retrosternal Goitre Primary Mediastinal Goitre - BLOOD SUPPLY From Neck region From mediastinum region - APPROACH Transcervical Thoracic Primary Mediastinal Goitre: Diameter of Goitre > Thoracic inlet | Surgery | NEET 2019 |
0cc9ecaa-d120-4c0b-83bf-696a2cf6bb17 | Not a symptom of angle closure glaucoma – | Blurring of vision | Coloured Halos | Metamorphosia | Headache | 2c | single | Transient blurring of vision and headache is seen in stage of constant instability.
Coloured halos are seen in acute congestive stage. | Ophthalmology | null |
b1422d0d-4eab-4073-bc38-eb3cd7af97f1 | In 3 year child with polio paralysis, the tendon transfer operation is done at - | 2 months after the disease | 2 years after the disease | 6-12 months after the disease | After skeleton maturation | 1b | single | Tendon transfers : are done to equalize an unbalanced paralysis or to use the motor power of working muscles for more useful functions. It is not done before 5 yrs of age as the child has to be manageable enough to be taught proper exercises.
As the child is 3 years old, tendon transfer should be done after 2 years (at... | Orthopaedics | null |
189ab8ce-de10-4356-b843-1073d6755fa6 | Which is not a perceptional disorder | Hallucination | Illusion | Synaesthesia | Imagery | 3d | multi | Imagery: awareness of a percept that has been generated within the mind, can be terminated by an effo of will. It is a pa of a normal phenomenon Hallucination: False sensory perception occurring in the absence of any relevant stimulation of the sensory modality involved. Types: auditory, Visual, tactile, gustatory, sme... | Psychiatry | All India exam |
384fdb91-5bcc-4382-adf2-5b36c0a6925a | BAL is used as an antidote poisoning by - | Morphine | Aconite | Phenol | Mercury | 3d | single | null | Forensic Medicine | null |
ff999246-c1d3-44da-ac71-fd959426f0be | High Oxygen tension in alveoli is due to: | Right to left shunt | Right to left shunt | Bronchial Asthma | Inappropriate gas exchange | 1b | single | B i.e. Ventilation - Perfusion mismatch | Physiology | null |
9ef37338-e2a2-42d1-ad76-e611d9f70e95 | Only ketogenic aminoacid is - | Leucine | Isoleucine | Tyrosine | Tryptophan | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., LeucineA) Glucogenic amino acids These can be converted into glucose. 14 amino acids are glucogenic: alanine, arginine, aspargine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, valine.B) Ketogenic amino acids These can be converted into ... | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
4b02b230-1b39-4300-b71a-92760463956b | Excessive crying is seen after which vaccination : | Polio | DPT | BCG | Measles | 1b | single | An uncommon reaction to DPT (due to pertussis) component is Prolonged screaming. | Pediatrics | null |
a1b26d2a-6b7e-40af-bd94-b407ad9fbfdf | Perception of a non-noxious stimulus as pain is termed as | Allodynia | Dysodynia | Hyperalgesia | Hyperesthesia | 0a | multi | (A) Allodynia # Allodynia is a non-painful stimulus, once perceived, is experienced as painful, and even excruciating.> Hyperalgesia denotes severe pain in response to a mildly noxious stimulus.> Hyperesthesia means pain in response to touch.> Hyperesthesia/hypoasthesia is increase/decrease respectively incutaneous sen... | Physiology | Nervous System |
dd0513da-29b8-4054-8749-637bcf06e81a | Colour of O2 cylinder | Gray | Orange | Blue | Black & White | 3d | single | D i.e. Black & White | Anaesthesia | null |
b0d53eb8-b0e9-4dbc-ae02-aacf4cb73063 | In iceberg phenomenon, the submerged part represents | Undiagnosed cases in community | Diagnosed cases in community | Clinial cases that physician sees | Clinical cases that investigator sees | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Undiagnosed cases in communityRef : K. Park 23rd ed. /39, 135; K. Park 21s,ed. /37 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of disease causation |
5990a67d-5490-49ae-895e-2dbbc789fd1c | Urea cycle enzymes are | Glutaminase | Asparginase | Arginosuccinate synthetase | Ornithine transcaroxylase | 2c | single | Arginosuccinate synthetase is an enzyme involved. Other options are not present.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, page no: 205 .fig 15.13. | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
c9e1b965-e2a8-4ad9-9844-49bd168e916e | Renal tuberculosis originates in the - | Renal papilla | Renal medulla | Afferent tubules | Efferent arteriole of glomerulus | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
7b1869c9-1b64-4518-85f8-65a472124be3 | Kiesselbach's area does not involve: | Superior labial artery | Anterior ethmoidal artery | Greater palatine artery | Posterior ethmoidal artery | 3d | single | Ans: D Posterior ethmoidal artery* Kiesselbach's area aka Kiesselbach;s plexus and Little's area, is an area on the nasal septum located on the antero inferior part of the septum* in this area four arteries anastomose to form a vascular plexus called Kiesselbach's plexus.* The arteries are# Sphenopalatine artery (from ... | ENT | Nose and PNS |
60673772-8417-4c56-a3f8-bde53ebc680c | A 12 year old girl was brought with fever, malaise, and migrating polyahritis. She had a history of recurrent throat infections in the past. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate is noted. Which among the following is NOT a major Jones criteria for diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever? | Pancarditis | Chorea | Ahritis | Raised ESR | 3d | single | Revised Jones Criteria for Diagnosis of Rheumatic Fever: Major criteria: Pericarditis, myocarditis, or endocarditis Chorea Subcutaneous nodules Erythema marginatum Polyahritis Minor criteria: Fever Ahralgias Laboratory findings: elevated sedimentation rate, evidence of preceding streptococcal infection (increased titer... | Medicine | null |
aff1ab58-1b0c-4299-9a56-b5556bc8d504 | Characteristic 'tram-line' calcifications in the skull radiographs are observed in: | Cleidocranial dysostoses | Sturge-Weber Syndrome | Paget's Disease | McCune-Albright syndrome | 1b | single | People who have Sturge-Weber syndrome usually have both facial and intraoral macular hemangioma, although the intraoral hemangiomas may also be of the exophytic variety. An additional characteristic is the "tramline" calcifications seen in lateral skull radiographs.
Wood and Goaz - Differential Diagnosis of oral & maxi... | Radiology | null |
0d1453ce-b1f2-4c5f-9b80-8531d5aa00b6 | Which of the following anti - hypertensives was once used as an antipsychotic? | Atenolol | Propranolol | Clonidine | Reserpine | 3d | single | Reserpine is an antihypertensive drug which was used as an antipsychotic. Antipsychotic effect of reserpine is due to depletion of 5 - HT or catecholamine or both.
Clonidine is also an antihypertensive. Its uses in psychiatry are - ADHD, opioid withdrawal, Tourette's syndrome and suppression of agitation in PTSD. | Psychiatry | null |
57ccf9da-a300-4977-9a59-34aa531e9cbd | Diaphragm develops from all of the following structures, except? | Septum transversum | Pleuroperitoneal membrane | Cervical myotomes | Dorsal mesocardium | 3d | multi | The diaphragm is, therefore, formed from the following components Pleuroperitoneal membranes forms posterior pa of central tendon. Dorsal mesentry of esophagus forms crus of diaphragm. Body wall forms peripheral pa of diaphragm. cervical myotomes forms muscles of diaphragm. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
79d6adc8-2746-4ab1-89ca-127c5732f31c | Which of the following statements best describes long acting nitrate preparations? | Tolerance often develops | Their effect can be blocked by high doses of beta selective inhibitors | Trasdermal patches are more likely to be associated with headaches than are sublingual nitrates | Oral preparations are more effective than sublingual ones | 0a | multi | Nitrates are generalized smooth-muscle dilators whose direct effect on the vasculature cannot be blocked by any currently available agents. Long acting preparations of nitroglycerin may be completely degraded by the liver in some patients and thus are generally less effective than sublingual forms. Because individual v... | Unknown | null |
16ccb0e1-739b-4f4c-a4d7-990c529daec8 | Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C include all of the following Except: | Lichen Planus | Celiac Disease | Glomerulonephritis | Cryoglobulinemia | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Celiac disease) Extrahepatic manifestations in viral hepatitis C: Wepatology' by Kuntz Agranulocytosis Aplastic anaemia Corneal ulceration Ciyoglobillinaemia Diabetes mellitus (type I) Erythema exsudativum multiforme Glomerulonephritis Guillain-Barre syndrome Hyperlipasaemia Lichen planus Non-Hodgkin lymph... | Medicine | null |
1b8badf5-1577-4784-a40c-e0e767315a5b | Which of the following happens when a nerve impulse arrives at the neuromuscular junction? | Release of calcium from Sarcoplasmic reticulum | ACh binds to receptors in Sarcolemmal membrane | Release of K+ into the Sarcoplasm | Sodium ions rush outside the Sarcoplasm | 1b | single | Molecules of ACh diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to ACh receptors on the motor end plate. Ref: Human Anatomy And Phsyiology, edited by Sanghani, Page 204 | Physiology | null |
793539d2-5e54-40ad-9804-5b494078afd6 | Formation of primary ovary in female foetus takes place by | 6th week | 8th week | 10th week | 12th week | 2c | single | C i.e. 10 weeks | Anatomy | null |
8aaca59e-9025-43b0-91f4-f9697fefb0fb | A chromosomal anomaly associated with Alzheimer's dementia is: | Trisomy 18 | Patau syndrome | Trisomy 21 | Turners syndrome | 2c | single | Answer is C (Trisomy 21) : Several genetic factors are known to play impoant roles in pathogenesis of at least some cases of Alzheimers disease. Trisomy 21 is one of them. Adults with trisomy 21 (Down's) consistently develop the Neuropathologic hallmark's of Alzheimer's disease if they survive beyond age 40. | Medicine | null |
13470d18-2294-4c47-a34d-b9c3bd0ebf4e | Chlamydia are isolated by | Enzyme immune assay | Yolk sac inoculation | Direct immunofluorescence | Microimmunofluorescence | 1b | single | Isolation of chlamydiae can be done by :Inoculation into yolk sac/embryonated eggs of 6-8 day old chick embryo which may be pretreated by streptomycin or polymyxin B.Inoculation into experimental animals (mice)Tissue/cell culture:Preferred modeCommonly used cell lines are McCoy and HeLa cells.Cell cultures are pretreat... | Microbiology | All India exam |
e4097452-0f40-48fb-9c1c-adfe0934f712 | In a village of 1 lakh population, among 20, 000 exposed to smoking, 200 developed cancer, and among 40,000 people unexposed, 40 developed cancer. The relative risk of smoking in the development of cancer is - | 20 | 10 | 5 | 15 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 10 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b8f79471-6ff5-4489-96aa-c45bc841c8b5 | Type of schizophrenia with mental retardation: NEET 13 | Von-Gogh syndrome | Paranoid schizophrenia | Catatonic schizophrenia | Pfropf schizophrenia | 3d | single | Ans. Pfropf schizophrenia | Forensic Medicine | null |
13899fe0-3a2a-44b8-b40f-677968b278ef | Not a risk for cholangio carcinoma - | Hepatolithiasis | Hepatitis C | Clonorchi sinensis | Choledocholithiasis | 0a | single | </p> Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. *The tumour is associated with gallsgallstones,primary and secondary cholangitis,caroli&;s disease and choledochalcyst,chronic liver fluke infection (clonorchis sinensis) is the major risk factor for development for CCA.</p> | Medicine | G.I.T |
065225bf-efe4-4a70-a6f3-b23ed6e5836a | The most common enzyme deficiency in man is ? | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase | Glucose-6-phosphatase | Hexokinase | Glucose-1.6-diphosphatse | 0a | single | A i.e. Glucose-6- PO4 dehydrogenaseGlucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is most common and pyruvate kinase deficiency is 2.d most common cause of enzyme deficiency related hemolytic anemiaQ. | Biochemistry | null |
b768acca-0318-48c7-bd5b-a11706b7b03f | In pregnancy, calculation of EDD (expected date of delivery) considers: March 2013 | First day of last menstruation | Last day of last menstruation period | Mid time of last menstrual period | Day of coitus | 0a | single | Ans. A i.e. First day of last menstruation | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
2d99b147-8580-49d5-a510-f73a215f908a | A 24years old girl with history of head trauma presented with multiple lacerations on the face and eyelids and base of skull fracture. It was noticed she wasn't able to pass tears. The probable cause is injury to- | Lacrimal Gland | Superior Canaliculus | Inferior Canaliculus | Upper eyelid | 2c | single | *The lacrimal drainage apparatus consists of the puncta on the upper lid and the lower lid, the canaliculus, the common canaliculus, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct. *Canalicular lacerations are the most frequent cause of injury to the lacrimal system. The inferior canaliculus is involved in more than 50-75... | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
981789c5-9ab4-4795-88c5-375638c3d63f | Bitter taste is mediated by action of: | Guanyl cyclase | G protein | Tyrosine kinase | Epithelial Na chain | 1b | single | Ans. B. G proteina. Taste pathways: -b. Receptor stimulation: -i. For sour Via mammaliondegenerin-I and by activating H+ -gated cation channelsii. For salt Via Epithelium sodium channels (ENaC) by direct application amiloride (diuretic) on tongue, inhibits the ENaC and abolishes the ability to taste salt.iii. For Sweet... | Physiology | Special Senses: Smell and Taste |
ecd6978b-2f4d-4d44-98bd-5a48b8f3f592 | Antenatal maternal HIV diagnosis is of importance in - | To prevent vertical transmission | To terminate | To discharge | To isolate the patient | 0a | single | HIV infection can be transmitted from an infected mother to her fetus during pregnancy, during delivery, or by breastfeeding.
The relative proportions of mother-to-child transmissions were 23–30% before birth, 50–65% during birth, and 12–20% via breastfeeding.
Treatment of an HIV-infected mother with nevirapine during ... | Microbiology | null |
e6f71feb-1208-4602-905e-d0312ab9bf15 | In hyperkalamia- | Serum level >5.5 meq/L | Serum level > 6.5 meql | T. wave inversion | Peaking of p wave | 0a | single | Hyperkalemia is defined as a plasma potassium level of 5.5 mM, Early ECG changes of hyperkalemia, typically seen at a serum potassium level of 5.5-6.5 mEq/L, include the following: Tall, peaked T waves with a narrow base, best seen in precordial leads Shoened QT interval ST-segment depression At a serum potassium level... | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes |
9cfe76ab-21f1-43cf-a2d0-aa941246b56b | Which is the most common material used for grafting below inguinal aeries? | Saphenous vein graft (upside - down) | PTFE | Dacron | Teflon | 0a | single | For blockage fuher down the leg either a femoral popliteal or femoral distal procedure may be performed. Long saphenous vein is the graft of choice which may be used with its valves destroyed by a special valve cutting instrument or reversed so that the valves do not interfere with the bold flow. Ref: Schwaz's Principl... | Surgery | null |
3b12c7e1-d7e8-4178-876c-353b0a06a511 | All are Flaviviruses except, | HCV | Chikungunya | Yellow fever | Japanese B encephalitis virus | 1b | multi | Chikungunya belongs to the genus alphavirus of the family Togaviridae. Two genera of medical impoance in Flaviruses- Flavivirus: ahropod borne viruses; Yellow fever, JEV, Dengue... Hepacivirus: Hepatitis C virus, non-ahropod borne Two genera of medical impoance in Togaviruses- Genus- Alphavirus: Chikungunya, Onyong-nyo... | Microbiology | Virology (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
35bb0900-ddb4-4233-8be4-c69d66c40bee | Which of the following conditions typically has rickets with normal or low calcium, elevated phosphorus, elevated parathormone, and elevated alkaline phosphatase? | Vitamin D deficiency | Fanconi syndrome | Dent's disease | Chronic kidney disease | 3d | multi | All of the above conditions are causes of Rickets, so elevated alkaline phosphatase is seen in all the above. Chronic kidney disease is the only condition out of the above, where Phosphate is elevated. | Pediatrics | Rickets |
2aaabf21-9dc1-480f-ac3e-2f97427136f4 | Brodie's abscess is a terminology for: | Subungual infection | Subacute osteomyelitis | Web space infection | Infected hematoma | 1b | single | Brodie's Abscess: Seen in immunocompetent Host Long standing localized pyogenic abscess in the bone (long standing because of strong defence mechanism of body). Involves long bones (metaphysis or diaphysis), e.g. Upper end tibia. Classical Brodie's abscess looks like a small walled off (Sclerotic margins) cavity in bon... | Orthopaedics | Ohopaedics Q Bank |
73d386b9-1813-4170-a502-69d6d8172807 | The mandibular foramen transmits which of the following nerve ? | superior alveolar nerve | inferior alveolar nerve | middle alveolar nerve | lingual nerve | 1b | single | The mandibular foramen lies a little above the centre of the ramus at the level of the occlusal surfaces of the teeth. It leads into the mandibular canal which descends into the body of the mandible and opens at the mental foramen. The inferior alveolar nerve and vessels enter the, mandibular canal through the mandibul... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
56151932-ebb0-4d76-a87a-442f239ad08e | Cell mediated immunity is by viue of? | Helper t cells | Suppressor t cells | Cytotoxic t cells | All aboce | 3d | multi | All above REF: Jawetz's 24th ed chapter 8 Cell mediated immunity is effected by T cells Helper T cells, suppressor T cells, cytotoxic T cells are types of T Cells | Microbiology | null |
f32ff24b-8998-4dcc-8f12-ad3a070b15a1 | Most common cause of glomerulonephritis is? | Berger disease | Acute Glomerulonephritis | Chronic glomerulonephritis | Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis | 0a | single | Most common cause of glomerulonephritis is Berger disease. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is most common cause of nephrotic syndrome. | Medicine | Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome |
b97aa2a1-a490-4779-9d81-2621533debc8 | The following test is not used for diagnosis of leprosy – | Lepromin test | Slit skin smear | Fine needle aspiration cytology | Skin biopsy | 0a | single | Lepromin Test is not used to diagnose leprosy, nor does it indicate prior contact with lepra bacilli. Healthy persons in nonendemic areas with no chance of contact with the bacillus may give a positive lepromin test. | Dental | null |
f70a13a8-8a10-4658-8131-2757c91ee576 | Blood samples for "DNA finger printing" are transpoed in: | Saline | EDTA | NaF | Thymol | 1b | single | EDTA | Forensic Medicine | null |
0523bb40-b401-4800-b2c7-5148495c05e1 | The length of distal convoluted tubule is | 5 mm | 2 mm | 12 mm | 8 mm | 0a | single | Although the DCT is the shoest segment of the nephron, spanning only about 5 mm in length in humans (1), it plays a critical role in a variety of homeostatic processes, including sodium chloride reabsorption, potassium secretion, and calcium and magnesium handling Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 ... | Physiology | Renal physiology |
898c183f-7dcb-496b-908c-31f98c79d8bb | Which of the following is the extended criteria donor for transplant of kidney? | Extreme age of donor | Donors with hypertension | Donors with CVA | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) All the aboveRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition, Page 1544In kidney transplant extended donor criteria is defined in USA as* Donor age > 60 years (or)* Donor age 50-60 years with any two of the following problems# Hypertension# Death from stroke# Terminal creatinine >132mmol/l.These marginal donors have less sa... | Surgery | Transplantation |
2d568d89-d617-49cf-8c04-4af012d661c2 | Commonest cause of epistaxis in children is - | Trauma | Foreign body | Nasal diphtheria | Enlarged adenosis | 0a | single | null | ENT | null |
4ddc5210-74d7-4063-921f-a961dc8862b7 | True about meningioms - | More common in men | 50% are malignant | 95% cure rate following treatment | Arise from arachnoid layer | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 95% cure rate following treatment Meningiomas o Meningiomas are tumors that arise from the dura mater and are composed of neoplastic (arachnoid cap ) cells. o They are now the most common primary brain tumor, accounting for approximately 32% of the total. (this information has been added in 18th/e of ... | Pathology | null |
d198af9a-00b4-4e7b-a7b4-b027efa45828 | Follow-up ofcataract operations in national blindness control program is done by - | Active surveillance | Passive surveillance | Sentinel surveillance | Routine check-up | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sentinel surveillance o 25 sentinel surveillance units have been established in depaments of ophthalmology and PSM in medical collages in India for assessment of - Beneficiary profiles. Visual outcomes based on cataract surgery records. Follow-up of operated cases. Ocular morbity data. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4c01d370-3e3b-499f-8fb1-d3b914d21d5c | Genital was in pregnancy treatment is | Podophylin | Salicylic acid & lactic acid | Cryotherapy | Imiquinod | 2c | single | Cryotherapy T/T of anogenital was Topical medication Trichloracetic acid or Podophyllin resin applied weekly. hniquinod or podofilox should also be used. Crvotherapy and laser therapy Cryotherapy (freezing) using nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide is used in was who do not respond to topical treatment. Carbon dioxide lase... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
924f7761-0b64-4a84-99e4-61bb33029e2c | Which of the following will take place during skeletal muscle contraction? | A band shoen | Both H and I band shoen | Both A and I band shoen | Both A and H band shoen | 1b | multi | During contraction, the I band decreases in size as thin filaments penetrate the A band. The H band--the pa of the A band with only thick filaments--diminishes in width as the thin filaments completely overlap the thick filaments. A net result is that each sarcomere, and consequently the whole cell (fiber), is greatly ... | Physiology | null |
ec586293-0ebe-4df3-8133-ed623ab3c183 | Nikolsky's sign is seen in ? | Pemphigus | Herpes zoster | Bullous impetigo | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is `d' i.e., All of the above Niko!sky's sign is seen in ? Pemphigus Toxic epidermal necrolysis Bullous impetigo Steven jonson syndrome Staphylococcus scalded skin syndrome HSV & VZV infection Epidermolysis bullosa Malignancy (leukemia) Mycosis fungoides Bullous lichen planus | Skin | null |
73b71bb9-e560-4451-befb-725871430f9d | A patients hears better in noisy surrounding known as | Paracusis | Diplacusis | Hyperacusis | Presbycusis | 0a | single | A. i.e. (Paracusis) (87- Dhingra 4th) (120 - Maqbool 11th)* Paracusis willisii - an otosclerotic (otospongiosis patients hears better in noisy than quite surroundings* In cochlear lesions patients do not hear at conversational intensity but get irritated by loud sound - RECRUITMENT* Sociacusis - is the hearing impairme... | ENT | Ear |
4db1c758-a02c-41b5-a229-f159657adb0a | Post exposure prophylaxis is applicable in all except: | HIV | Japanese encephalitis | Varicella zoster | Swine influenza | 1b | multi | Ans. B. Japanese encephalitisHIV - Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Efavirenz; Varicella zoster - Acyclovir or Oka vaccine; Swine influenza - Oseltamivir or quadrivalent vaccine. | Microbiology | Virology |
8d703f5b-e912-4fd1-9257-dd6489b3e8f0 | Oxidation in pentose phosphate pathway utilises: | Oxidative phase | Non oxidative phase | Both of the above | None of the above | 0a | multi | The enzymes of the pentose phosphate pathway act in the sequence of reactions of the pathway may be divided into two phases: an oxidative nonreversible phase and a nonoxidative reversible phase. Ref: Harper 28th edition, Chapter 21. | Biochemistry | null |
61a02c20-93d7-4c73-b9db-784e4ecd1097 | Most common testicular tumor in Pre pubertal age | Seminomas | Sertoli cell tumors | Leydig cell tumors | Yolk sac tumors | 3d | single | Yolk sac tumors are most commonly found in pre pubertal age group. | Surgery | null |
9d76692e-bb98-4583-aac4-880f805bf586 | Malignant melanoma of the choroid will produce: September 2012 | Retinal dialysis | Exudative retinal detachment | Traction retinal detachment | Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Exudative retinal detachment | Ophthalmology | null |
7ac8a7c9-06db-43cc-9775-44fbd26d446d | True about hydatid cyst are all, except ? | Most common site is liver | Calcification is common in lung | May involve kidney | Liver cysts are more common in right lobe | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Calcification is common in lung Hydatid disease Liver cysts The majority of hydatid cysts occur in the liver, causing symptoms : Chronic abdominal discomfo Palpable abdominal mass Allergic reactions due to cyst rupture - skin rash, anaphylactic shock, or death. Abscess formation due to secondry bacter... | Microbiology | null |
177e592a-bc36-4855-b3f7-e2044aeaef61 | Renal transplantation is most commonly done in ? | Chr. glomerulonephritis | Bilateral staghorn calculus | Horse shoe kidney | Oxalosis | 0a | single | Answer is 'a' i.e. Chr. Glomerulonephritis Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for many patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD), because it provides a better quality of life for them than dialysis. The most common causes of ESRD (in decreasing order) are: - Diabetes mellitus - Hypeension - Glomerulone... | Surgery | null |
381bc8f7-722c-4303-8f15-fb59660fc84d | 38 year old male with pain and tenderness in dorsolumbar junction. Radiograph shows destruction of 12th dorsal vertebra with loss of disc space between D12 and L1, most probable diagnosis | Trauma | Vertebral osteomyelitis | Pott's spine | Metastasis of carcinoma lung | 2c | single | null | Orthopaedics | null |
7b9828bf-23c9-4186-834c-8e8cc8923239 | All are true about measles except- | Incubation period is 10-14 days | Secondary attack rate is 30-40% | Sub cutaneous vaccine is available | Vaccine is live attenuated | 1b | multi | <p>MEASLES:- An acute highly infectious disease of childhood caused by a specific virus of group myxovirus. Clinically characterised by fever and catarrhal symptoms of the upper respiratory tract( coryza,cough), followed by a typical rash. Incubation period-10 days from exposure to onset of fever and 14 days of appeara... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
b03adff9-d1ec-4b54-848c-05a379bfb595 | FEV1/FVC is reduced in case of- | Pleural effusion | Lung fibrosis | Asthma | All of the above | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
7354dded-b6de-4ef6-8a87-4a786ceebace | Posterior cerebral artery supplies all except | Pons | Midbrain | Thalamus | Striate cortex | 0a | multi | Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) supplies blood to occipital lobe (i.e. visual or striate cortex), temporal lobe, thalamus, lentiform nucleus, pineal & medial geniculate body, choroids plexus of inferior horn of lateral ventricle & 3rd ventrical and mid brain. | Anatomy | null |
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